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Solís KH, Romero-Ávila MT, Rincón-Heredia R, García-Sáinz JA. LPA 3 Receptor Phosphorylation Sites: Roles in Signaling and Internalization. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5508. [PMID: 38791546 PMCID: PMC11122405 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) type 3 (LPA3) receptor mutants were generated in which the sites detected phosphorylated were substituted by non-phosphorylatable amino acids. Substitutions were made in the intracellular loop 3 (IL3 mutant), the carboxyl terminus (Ctail), and both domains (IL3/Ctail). The wild-type (WT) receptor and the mutants were expressed in T-REx HEK293 cells, and the consequences of the substitutions were analyzed employing different functional parameters. Agonist- and LPA-mediated receptor phosphorylation was diminished in the IL3 and Ctail mutants and essentially abolished in the IL3/Ctail mutant, confirming that the main phosphorylation sites are present in both domains and their role in receptor phosphorylation eliminated by substitution and distributed in both domains. The WT and mutant receptors increased intracellular calcium and ERK 1/2 phosphorylation in response to LPA and PMA. The agonist, Ki16425, diminished baseline intracellular calcium, which suggests some receptor endogenous activity. Similarly, baseline ERK1/2 phosphorylation was diminished by Ki16425. An increase in baseline ERK phosphorylation was detected in the IL3/Ctail mutant. LPA and PMA-induced receptor interaction with β-arrestin 2 and LPA3 internalization were severely diminished in cells expressing the mutants. Mutant-expressing cells also exhibit increased baseline proliferation and response to different stimuli, which were inhibited by the antagonist Ki16425, suggesting a role of LPA receptors in this process. Migration in response to different attractants was markedly increased in the Ctail mutant, which the Ki16425 antagonist also attenuated. Our data experimentally show that receptor phosphorylation in the distinct domains is relevant for LPA3 receptor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Helivier Solís
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ap. Postal 70-600, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (K.H.S.); (M.T.R.-Á.)
| | - M. Teresa Romero-Ávila
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ap. Postal 70-600, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (K.H.S.); (M.T.R.-Á.)
| | - Ruth Rincón-Heredia
- Unidad de Imagenología, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ap. Postal 70-600, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
| | - J. Adolfo García-Sáinz
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ap. Postal 70-600, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (K.H.S.); (M.T.R.-Á.)
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2
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Martínez-Morales JC, González-Ruiz KD, Romero-Ávila MT, Rincón-Heredia R, Reyes-Cruz G, García-Sáinz JA. Lysophosphatidic acid receptor LPA 1 trafficking and interaction with Rab proteins, as evidenced by Förster resonance energy transfer. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2023; 570:111930. [PMID: 37054840 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2023.111930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
LPA1 internalization to endosomes was studied employing Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) in cells coexpressing the mCherry-lysophosphatidic acid LPA1 receptors and distinct eGFP-tagged Rab proteins. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA)-induced internalization was rapid and decreased afterward: phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) action was slower and sustained. LPA stimulated LPA1-Rab5 interaction rapidly but transiently, whereas PMA action was rapid but sustained. Expression of a Rab5 dominant-negative mutant blocked LPA1-Rab5 interaction and receptor internalization. LPA-induced LPA1-Rab9 interaction was only observed at 60 min, and LPA1-Rab7 interaction after 5 min with LPA and after 60 min with PMA. LPA triggered immediate but transient rapid recycling (i.e., LPA1-Rab4 interaction), whereas PMA action was slower but sustained. Agonist-induced slow recycling (LPA1-Rab11 interaction) increased at 15 min and remained at this level, whereas PMA action showed early and late peaks. Our results indicate that LPA1 receptor internalization varies with the stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karla D González-Ruiz
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Desarrollo, Ap. Postal 70-600, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico
| | - M Teresa Romero-Ávila
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Desarrollo, Ap. Postal 70-600, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico
| | - Ruth Rincón-Heredia
- Unidad de Imagenología, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ap. Postal 70-600, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Reyes-Cruz
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Colonia San Pedro Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, 07360, Mexico
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Duflot T, Tu L, Leuillier M, Messaoudi H, Groussard D, Feugray G, Azhar S, Thuillet R, Bauer F, Humbert M, Richard V, Guignabert C, Bellien J. Preventing the Increase in Lysophosphatidic Acids: A New Therapeutic Target in Pulmonary Hypertension? Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11110784. [PMID: 34822442 PMCID: PMC8621392 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11110784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of premature death and disability in humans that are closely related to lipid metabolism and signaling. This study aimed to assess whether circulating lysophospholipids (LPL), lysophosphatidic acids (LPA) and monoacylglycerols (MAG) may be considered as potential therapeutic targets in CVD. For this objective, plasma levels of 22 compounds (13 LPL, 6 LPA and 3 MAG) were monitored by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS2) in different rat models of CVD, i.e., angiotensin-II-induced hypertension (HTN), ischemic chronic heart failure (CHF) and sugen/hypoxia(SuHx)-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH). On one hand, there were modest changes on the monitored compounds in HTN (LPA 16:0, 18:1 and 20:4, LPC 16:1) and CHF (LPA 16:0, LPC 18:1 and LPE 16:0 and 18:0) models compared to control rats but these changes were no longer significant after multiple testing corrections. On the other hand, PH was associated with important changes in plasma LPA with a significant increase in LPA 16:0, 18:1, 18:2, 20:4 and 22:6 species. A deleterious impact of LPA was confirmed on cultured human pulmonary smooth muscle cells (PA-SMCs) with an increase in their proliferation. Finally, plasma level of LPA(16:0) was positively associated with the increase in pulmonary artery systolic pressure in patients with cardiac dysfunction. This study demonstrates that circulating LPA may contribute to the pathophysiology of PH. Additional experiments are needed to assess whether the modulation of LPA signaling in PH may be of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Duflot
- UNIROUEN, INSERM U1096, CHU Rouen, Department of Pharmacology, Normandie University, F-76000 Rouen, France; (V.R.); (J.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-2-32-88-84-91
| | - Ly Tu
- INSERM UMR_S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, F-92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France; (L.T.); (R.T.); (M.H.); (C.G.)
- School of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, F-92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Matthieu Leuillier
- UNIROUEN, INSERM U1096, Normandie University, F-76000 Rouen, France; (M.L.); (H.M.); (D.G.); (S.A.)
| | - Hind Messaoudi
- UNIROUEN, INSERM U1096, Normandie University, F-76000 Rouen, France; (M.L.); (H.M.); (D.G.); (S.A.)
| | - Déborah Groussard
- UNIROUEN, INSERM U1096, Normandie University, F-76000 Rouen, France; (M.L.); (H.M.); (D.G.); (S.A.)
| | - Guillaume Feugray
- UNIROUEN, INSERM U1096, CHU Rouen, Department of General Biochemistry, Normandie University, F-76000 Rouen, France;
| | - Saïda Azhar
- UNIROUEN, INSERM U1096, Normandie University, F-76000 Rouen, France; (M.L.); (H.M.); (D.G.); (S.A.)
| | - Raphaël Thuillet
- INSERM UMR_S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, F-92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France; (L.T.); (R.T.); (M.H.); (C.G.)
- School of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, F-92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Fabrice Bauer
- UNIROUEN, INSERM U1096, CHU Rouen, Department of Cardiology, Normandie University, F-76000 Rouen, France;
| | - Marc Humbert
- INSERM UMR_S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, F-92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France; (L.T.); (R.T.); (M.H.); (C.G.)
- School of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, F-92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Vincent Richard
- UNIROUEN, INSERM U1096, CHU Rouen, Department of Pharmacology, Normandie University, F-76000 Rouen, France; (V.R.); (J.B.)
| | - Christophe Guignabert
- INSERM UMR_S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, F-92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France; (L.T.); (R.T.); (M.H.); (C.G.)
- School of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, F-92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Jérémy Bellien
- UNIROUEN, INSERM U1096, CHU Rouen, Department of Pharmacology, Normandie University, F-76000 Rouen, France; (V.R.); (J.B.)
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Poll BG, Chen L, Chou CL, Raghuram V, Knepper MA. Landscape of GPCR expression along the mouse nephron. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2021; 321:F50-F68. [PMID: 34029142 PMCID: PMC8321805 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00077.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney transport and other renal functions are regulated by multiple G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) expressed along the renal tubule. The rapid, recent appearance of comprehensive unbiased gene expression data in the various renal tubule segments, chiefly RNA sequencing and protein mass spectrometry data, has provided a means of identifying patterns of GPCR expression along the renal tubule. To allow for comprehensive mapping, we first curated a comprehensive list of GPCRs in the genomes of mice, rats, and humans (https://hpcwebapps.cit.nih.gov/ESBL/Database/GPCRs/) using multiple online data sources. We used this list to mine segment-specific and cell type-specific expression data from RNA-sequencing studies in microdissected mouse tubule segments to identify GPCRs that are selectively expressed in discrete tubule segments. Comparisons of these mapped mouse GPCRs with other omics datasets as well as functional data from isolated perfused tubule and micropuncture studies confirmed patterns of expression for well-known receptors and identified poorly studied GPCRs that are likely to play roles in the regulation of renal tubule function. Thus, we provide data resources for GPCR expression across the renal tubule, highlighting both well-known GPCRs and understudied receptors to provide guidance for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian G Poll
- Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Lihe Chen
- Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Chung-Lin Chou
- Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Viswanathan Raghuram
- Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mark A Knepper
- Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Zhao J, Stephens T, Zhao Y. Molecular Regulation of Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor 1 Maturation and Desensitization. Cell Biochem Biophys 2021; 79:477-483. [PMID: 34032994 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-021-00999-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 (LPA1) belongs to the G protein-coupled receptor family. The ligand for LPA1 is LPA, the simplest lysophospholipid. LPA is considered a growth factor and induces cell proliferation, anti-apoptosis, and cell migration. The pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic roles of LPA have also been well-demonstrated. Most of the biological functions of LPA are mostly executed through LPA1. The mature form of LPA1 is glycosylated and localized on the plasma membrane. LPA1 is bound to heterotrimetric G proteins and transduces intracellular signaling in response to ligation to LPA. Desensitization of LPA1 negatively regulates LPA1-mediated signaling and the resulting biological functions. Phosphorylation and ubiquitination are well-demonstrated posttranslational modifications of GPCR. In this review, we will discuss our knowledge of LPA1 glycosylation, maturation, and trafficking from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)/Golgi to the plasma membrane. Moreover, in light of recent findings, we will also discuss molecular regulation of LPA1 internalization and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Thomas Stephens
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yutong Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Xu Y. Targeting Lysophosphatidic Acid in Cancer: The Issues in Moving from Bench to Bedside. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101523. [PMID: 31658655 PMCID: PMC6826372 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the clear demonstration of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA)'s pathological roles in cancer in the mid-1990s, more than 1000 papers relating LPA to various types of cancer were published. Through these studies, LPA was established as a target for cancer. Although LPA-related inhibitors entered clinical trials for fibrosis, the concept of targeting LPA is yet to be moved to clinical cancer treatment. The major challenges that we are facing in moving LPA application from bench to bedside include the intrinsic and complicated metabolic, functional, and signaling properties of LPA, as well as technical issues, which are discussed in this review. Potential strategies and perspectives to improve the translational progress are suggested. Despite these challenges, we are optimistic that LPA blockage, particularly in combination with other agents, is on the horizon to be incorporated into clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 950 W. Walnut Street R2-E380, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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Lee JH, Kim D, Oh YS, Jun HS. Lysophosphatidic Acid Signaling in Diabetic Nephropathy. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112850. [PMID: 31212704 PMCID: PMC6600156 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive phospholipid present in most tissues and body fluids. LPA acts through specific LPA receptors (LPAR1 to LPAR6) coupled with G protein. LPA binds to receptors and activates multiple cellular signaling pathways, subsequently exerting various biological functions, such as cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. LPA also induces cell damage through complex overlapping pathways, including the generation of reactive oxygen species, inflammatory cytokines, and fibrosis. Several reports indicate that the LPA–LPAR axis plays an important role in various diseases, including kidney disease, lung fibrosis, and cancer. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common diabetic complications and the main risk factor for chronic kidney diseases, which mostly progress to end-stage renal disease. There is also growing evidence indicating that the LPA–LPAR axis also plays an important role in inducing pathological alterations of cell structure and function in the kidneys. In this review, we will discuss key mediators or signaling pathways activated by LPA and summarize recent research findings associated with DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Han Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea.
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea.
| | - Donghee Kim
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea.
| | - Yoon Sin Oh
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Eulji University, Seongnam 13135, Korea.
| | - Hee-Sook Jun
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea.
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea.
- Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon Medical and Convergence Institute, Incheon 21565, Korea.
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Meizoso‐Huesca A, Villegas‐Comonfort S, Romero‐Ávila MT, García‐Sáinz JA. Free fatty acid receptor 4 agonists induce lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 (
LPA
1
) desensitization independent of
LPA
1
internalization and heterodimerization. FEBS Lett 2018; 592:2612-2623. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Meizoso‐Huesca
- Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo Instituto de Fisiología Celular Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico
| | - Sócrates Villegas‐Comonfort
- Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo Instituto de Fisiología Celular Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico
| | - M. Teresa Romero‐Ávila
- Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo Instituto de Fisiología Celular Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico
| | - J. Adolfo García‐Sáinz
- Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo Instituto de Fisiología Celular Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico
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Carmona-Rosas G, Alfonzo-Méndez MA, Hernández-Espinosa DA, Romero-Ávila MT, García-Sáinz JA. A549 cells as a model to study endogenous LPA 1 receptor signaling and regulation. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 815:258-265. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive phospholipid that can exert diverse biological effects in various diseased states of the kidney by activating at least six cognate G protein-coupled receptors and its complex network of heterotrimeric G proteins. In many models of acute and chronic kidney injury, pathological elevations in LPA promotes abnormal changes in renal tubular epithelial cell architecture by activating apoptotic signaling, recruits immune cells to the site of injury, and stimulates profibrotic signaling by increasing gene transcription. In renal cancers, LPA can promote vascular cell proliferation and tumor cell invasion. In this review, a summary will be provided to describe the involvement of LPA, its synthetic enzymes, and its associated receptors in normal and diseased kidneys. Further elucidation of the LPA system may open new doors in developing a lipid-receptor therapeutic platform for kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Park
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Duane D Miller
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
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Eicosopentaneoic Acid and Other Free Fatty Acid Receptor Agonists Inhibit Lysophosphatidic Acid- and Epidermal Growth Factor-Induced Proliferation of Human Breast Cancer Cells. J Clin Med 2016; 5:jcm5020016. [PMID: 26821052 PMCID: PMC4773772 DOI: 10.3390/jcm5020016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Many key actions of ω-3 (n-3) fatty acids have recently been shown to be mediated by two G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in the free fatty acid receptor (FFAR) family, FFA1 (GPR40) and FFA4 (GPR120). n-3 Fatty acids inhibit proliferation of human breast cancer cells in culture and in animals. In the current study, the roles of FFA1 and FFA4 were investigated. In addition, the role of cross-talk between GPCRs activated by lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), and the tyrosine kinase receptor activated by epidermal growth factor (EGF), was examined. In MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell lines, both LPA and EGF stimulated proliferation, Erk activation, Akt activation, and CCN1 induction. LPA antagonists blocked effects of LPA and EGF on proliferation in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, and on cell migration in MCF-7. The n-3 fatty acid eicosopentaneoic acid inhibited LPA- and EGF-induced proliferation in both cell lines. Two synthetic FFAR agonists, GW9508 and TUG-891, likewise inhibited LPA- and EGF-induced proliferation. The data suggest a major role for FFA1, which was expressed by both cell lines. The results indicate that n-3 fatty acids inhibit breast cancer cell proliferation via FFARs, and suggest a mechanism involving negative cross-talk between FFARS, LPA receptors, and EGF receptor.
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Phosphorylation and Internalization of Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptors LPA1, LPA2, and LPA3. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140583. [PMID: 26473723 PMCID: PMC4608732 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Results The lysophosphatidic acid receptors LPA1, LPA2, and LPA3 were individually expressed in C9 cells and their signaling and regulation were studied. Agonist-activation increases intracellular calcium concentration in a concentration-dependent fashion. Phorbol myristate acetate markedly inhibited LPA1- and LPA3-mediated effect, whereas that mediated by LPA2 was only partially diminished; the actions of the phorbol ester were inhibited by bisindolylmaleimide I and by overnight incubation with the protein kinase C activator, which leads to down regulation of this protein kinase. Homologous desensitization was also observed for the three LPA receptors studied, with that of LPA2 receptors being consistently of lesser magnitude; neither inhibition nor down-regulation of protein kinase C exerted any effect on homologous desensitization. Activation of LPA1–3 receptors induced ERK 1/2 phosphorylation; this effect was markedly attenuated by inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase activity, suggesting growth factor receptor transactivation in this effect. Lysophosphatidic acid and phorbol myristate acetate were able to induce LPA1–3 phosphorylation, in time- and concentration-dependent fashions. It was also clearly observed that agonists and protein kinase C activation induced internalization of these receptors. Phosphorylation of the LPA2 subtype required larger concentrations of these agents and its internalization was less intense than that of the other subtypes. Conclusion Our data show that these three LPA receptors are phosphoproteins whose phosphorylation state is modulated by agonist-stimulation and protein kinase C-activation and that differences in regulation and cellular localization exist, among the subtypes.
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Castillo-Badillo JA, Sánchez-Reyes OB, Alfonzo-Méndez MA, Romero-Ávila MT, Reyes-Cruz G, García-Sáinz JA. α1B-adrenergic receptors differentially associate with Rab proteins during homologous and heterologous desensitization. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121165. [PMID: 25799564 PMCID: PMC4370394 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Internalization of G protein-coupled receptors can be triggered by agonists or by other stimuli. The process begins within seconds of cell activation and contributes to receptor desensitization. The Rab GTPase family controls endocytosis, vesicular trafficking, and endosomal fusion. Among their remarkable properties is the differential distribution of its members on the surface of various organelles. In the endocytic pathway, Rab 5 controls traffic from the plasma membrane to early endosomes, whereas Rab 4 and Rab 11 regulate rapid and slow recycling from early endosomes to the plasma membrane, respectively. Moreover, Rab 7 and Rab 9 regulate the traffic from late endosomes to lysosomes and recycling to the trans-Golgi. We explore the possibility that α1B-adrenergic receptor internalization induced by agonists (homologous) and by unrelated stimuli (heterologous) could involve different Rab proteins. This possibility was explored by Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) using cells coexpressing α1B-adrenergic receptors tagged with the red fluorescent protein, DsRed, and different Rab proteins tagged with the green fluorescent protein. It was observed that when α1B-adrenergic receptors were stimulated with noradrenaline, the receptors interacted with proteins present in early endosomes, such as the early endosomes antigen 1, Rab 5, Rab 4, and Rab 11 but not with late endosome markers, such as Rab 9 and Rab 7. In contrast, sphingosine 1-phosphate stimulation induced rapid and transient α1B-adrenergic receptor interaction of relatively small magnitude with Rab 5 and a more pronounced and sustained one with Rab 9; interaction was also observed with Rab 7. Moreover, the GTPase activity of the Rab proteins appears to be required because no FRET was observed when dominant-negative Rab mutants were employed. These data indicate that α1B-adrenergic receptors are directed to different endocytic vesicles depending on the desensitization type (homologous vs. heterologous).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean A. Castillo-Badillo
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ap. Postal 70–248, México D.F. 04510, Mexico
| | - Omar B. Sánchez-Reyes
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ap. Postal 70–248, México D.F. 04510, Mexico
| | - Marco A. Alfonzo-Méndez
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ap. Postal 70–248, México D.F. 04510, Mexico
| | - M. Teresa Romero-Ávila
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ap. Postal 70–248, México D.F. 04510, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Reyes-Cruz
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional-CINVESTAV, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional No. 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, CP 07360, México, D.F., Mexico
| | - J. Adolfo García-Sáinz
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ap. Postal 70–248, México D.F. 04510, Mexico
- * E-mail:
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14
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Hernández-Méndez A, Alcántara-Hernández R, Acosta-Cervantes GC, Martínez-Ortiz J, Avendaño-Vázquez SE, García-Sáinz JA. Conventional protein kinase C isoforms mediate phorbol ester-induced lysophosphatidic acid LPA1 receptor phosphorylation. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 723:124-30. [PMID: 24355769 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Using C9 cells stably expressing LPA1 receptors fused to the enhanced green fluorescent protein, it was observed that activation of protein kinase C induced a rapid and strong increase in the phosphorylation state of these receptors. Overnight incubation with phorbol esters markedly decreased the amount of conventional (α, βI, βII and γ) and novel (δ) but not atypical (ζ) immunodetected PKC isoforms, this treatment blocks the action of protein kinase on receptor function and phosphorylation. Bis-indolylmaleimide I a general, non-subtype selective protein kinase C inhibitor, and Gö 6976, selective for the isoforms α and β, were also able to block LPA1 receptor desensitization and phosphorylation; hispidin, isoform β-selective blocker partially avoided receptor desensitization. Expression of dominant-negative protein kinase C α or β II mutants and knocking down the expression of these kinase isozymes markedly decreased phorbol ester-induced LPA1 receptor phosphorylation without avoiding receptor desensitization. This effect was blocked by bis-indolyl-maleimide and Gö 6976, suggesting that these genetic interventions were not completely effective. It was also observed that protein kinase C α and β II isozymes co-immunoprecipitate with LPA1 receptors and that such an association was further increased by cell treatments with phorbol esters or lysophosphatidic acid. Our data suggest that conventional protein kinase C α and β isozymes modulate LPA1 receptor phosphorylation state. Receptor desensitization appears to be a more complex process that might involve additional elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelio Hernández-Méndez
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-248, México D. F-04510, Mexico
| | - Rocío Alcántara-Hernández
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-248, México D. F-04510, Mexico
| | - Germán C Acosta-Cervantes
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-248, México D. F-04510, Mexico
| | - Javier Martínez-Ortiz
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-248, México D. F-04510, Mexico
| | - S Eréndira Avendaño-Vázquez
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-248, México D. F-04510, Mexico
| | - J Adolfo García-Sáinz
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-248, México D. F-04510, Mexico.
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15
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Cai Q, Zhao Z, Antalis C, Yan L, Del Priore G, Hamed AH, Stehman FB, Schilder JM, Xu Y. Elevated and secreted phospholipase A₂ activities as new potential therapeutic targets in human epithelial ovarian cancer. FASEB J 2012; 26:3306-20. [PMID: 22767227 PMCID: PMC3405265 DOI: 10.1096/fj.12-207597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Ascites in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) promotes tumor development by mechanisms that are incompletely understood. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a major tumor-promoting factor in EOC ascites, is an enzymatic product of autotaxin (ATX) and phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2))enzymes. The contribution of PLA(2) activities to ovarian tumorigenesis was investigated. The quantitative measurement of PLA(2) activities in ascites and tissues, as well as assay conditions selective for PLA(2) subtypes, were optimized and validated. PLA(2) activities correlated with tumor-promoting activates in cell-based and in vivo assays. High activities consistent with both cytosolic and calcium-independent PLA(2) were found in human EOC ascites for the first time. Elevated PLA(2) and ATX activities were also observed in EOC compared to benign tumors and normal tissues. Cell-free and vesicle-free (S4) human EOC ascites potently promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion of human EOC cells in a PLA(2)-dependent manner. LPA mediated a significant part of the cell-stimulating effects of ascites. S4 ascites stimulated tumorigenesis/metastasis in vivo, and methyl arachidonyl fluorophosphonate was highly effective in inhibiting EOC metastasis in mouse xenograft models. PLA(2) activity was found in conditioned media from both EOC cells and macrophages. Collectively, our work implies that PLA(2) activity is a potential marker and therapeutic target in EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Libo Yan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Giuseppe Del Priore
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Ali Hassan Hamed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Frederick B. Stehman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Jeanne M. Schilder
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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