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Tzeng HE, Tang CH, Tsai CH, Chiu CH, Wu MH, Yen Y. ET-1 Promotes Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells via the microRNA-489-3p /TWIST Axis. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:5005-5018. [PMID: 34675545 PMCID: PMC8502871 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s294312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) constitutes almost 90% of head and neck malignancies and has a poor prognosis. To improve the efficacy of OSCC therapy, it is of great significance to explore other therapy for OSCC. Endothelin-1 (ET-1), a potent vasoconstrictor peptide, is implicated in cancer pathogenesis. Moreover, ET-1 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) during the development of human cancers. We further to found that ET-1 exposure induced EMT in human squamous cell carcinoma cell lines SCC4 and SAS, by enhancing the expression of EMT biomarkers N-cadherin and vimentin and reducing E-cadherin expression via upregulation of the transcription factor TWIST. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cell motility was examined by migration, invasion and wound-healing assays. Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR), and promoter assays confirmed the inhibitory effects of ET-1 on miRNAs expression in oral cancer cells. We demonstrate an intravenous injection model of lung metastasis followed by an advanced method for quantifying metastatic tumor using image analysis software. RESULTS In addition, ET-1/ETAR reduced levels of microRNA-489-3p (miR-489-3p), a transcriptional repressor of TWIST. We have identified a novel bypass mechanism through which ET-1/ETAR are involved in TWIST signaling and downregulate miR-489-3p expression, enabling OSCC cells to acquire the EMT phenotype. Notably, ET-1 knockdown dramatically decreased levels of EMT markers and cell migration potential. CONCLUSION The role of ET-1 in OSCC progression is supported by our findings from an in vivo murine model of OSCC. ET-1 may therefore represent a novel molecular therapeutic target in OSCC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huey-En Tzeng
- Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- PhD Program & Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Tsai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hui Chiu
- Graduate Program in Department of Exercise Health Science, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Min-Huan Wu
- Sports Recreation and Health Management Continuing Studies, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Bachelor of Science in Senior Wellness and Sport Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yun Yen
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Informatics, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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2
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WISP-3 Stimulates VEGF-C-Dependent Lymphangiogenesis in Human Chondrosarcoma Cells by Inhibiting miR-196a-3p Synthesis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101330. [PMID: 34680447 PMCID: PMC8533311 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondrosarcoma is a malignant bone tumor with high metastatic potential. Lymphangiogenesis is a critical biological step in cancer metastasis. WNT1-inducible signaling pathway protein 3 (WISP-3) regulates angiogenesis and facilitates chondrosarcoma metastasis, but the role of WISP-3 in chondrosarcoma lymphangiogenesis is unclear. In this study, incubation of chondrosarcoma cells with WISP-3 increased the production of VEGF-C, an important lymphangiogenic factor. Conditioned medium from WISP-3-treated chondrosarcoma cells significantly enhanced lymphatic endothelial cell tube formation. WISP-3-induced stimulation of VEGF-C-dependent lymphangiogenesis inhibited miR-196a-3p synthesis in the ERK, JNK, and p38 signaling pathways. This evidence suggests that the WISP-3/VEGF-C axis is worth targeting in the treatment of lymphangiogenesis in human chondrosarcoma.
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3
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Visfatin Promotes the Metastatic Potential of Chondrosarcoma Cells by Stimulating AP-1-Dependent MMP-2 Production in the MAPK Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168642. [PMID: 34445345 PMCID: PMC8395530 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondrosarcoma is a malignant bone tumor that is characterized by high metastatic potential and marked resistance to radiation and chemotherapy. The knowledge that adipokines facilitate the initiation, progression, metastasis, and treatment resistance of various tumors has driven several in vitro and in vivo investigations into the effects of adipokines resistin, leptin, and adiponectin upon the development and progression of chondrosarcomas. Another adipokine, visfatin, is known to regulate tumor progression and metastasis, although how this molecule may affect chondrosarcoma metastasis is unclear. Here, we found that visfatin facilitated cellular migration via matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) production in human chondrosarcoma cells and overexpression of visfatin enhanced lung metastasis in a mouse model of chondrosarcoma. Visfatin-induced stimulation of MMP-2 synthesis and activation of the AP-1 transcription factor facilitated chondrosarcoma cell migration via the ERK, p38, and JNK signaling pathways. This evidence suggests that visfatin is worth targeting in the treatment of metastatic chondrosarcoma.
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4
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Madda R, Chen CM, Chen CF, Wang JY, Wu PK, Chen WM. Effect of Cryoablation Treatment on the Protein Expression Profile of Low-Grade Central Chondrosarcoma Identified by LC-ESI-MS/MS. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:1469-1489. [PMID: 34003650 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The use of cryoablation/cryosurgery in treating solid tumors has been proven as a unique technique that uses lethal temperatures to destroy the tumors and impart better functions for the affected organs. This novel technique recently demonstrated the best clinical results in chondrosarcoma (CSA) with faster recovery, less recurrence, and metastasis. Due to the resistant nature of CSA to chemo and radiation therapy, cryoablation comes to light as the best alternative approach. Therefore, for the first time, we aimed to compare CSA-untreated with cryoablation treated samples to discover some potential markers that may provide various clues in terms of diagnosis and pathophysiology and may facilitate the development of novel methods to treat sarcoma efficiently. To find the altered proteins among both groups, a mass-based label-free approach was employed and identified a total of 160 significantly altered proteins. Among these, 138 proteins were dysregulated with <1- to -0.1-fold, 18 proteins were up-regulated with >3 folds, and four proteins were similarly expressed in the untreated group compared to the treated. Interestingly, the differential expressions of proteins from the untreated group showed contrast expressions in the treated group. Furthermore, the functional enrichment analysis revealed that most of the identified proteins from this study were associated with various significant pathways such as glycolysis, MAPK activation, PI3K-Akt signaling, extracellular matrix degradation, etc. In addition, two protein expressions, such as fibronectin and annexin-1, were validated by immunoblot analysis. Therefore, this study signifies the most comprehensive discovery of altered protein expressions to date and the first large-scale detection of protein profiles from CSA-cryoablation treated compared to untreated. This work may serve as the basis for future research to open novel treatment options for chondrosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Madda
- Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipai 11217 Taiwan
- Department of orthopedics, Therapeutical and Musculoskeletal Tumor Research Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipai 11217 Taiwan
- Orthopedic Department, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipai 11221 Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipai 11221 Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ming Chen
- Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipai 11217 Taiwan
- Department of orthopedics, Therapeutical and Musculoskeletal Tumor Research Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipai 11217 Taiwan
- Orthopedic Department, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipai 11221 Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipai 11221 Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Fong Chen
- Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipai 11217 Taiwan
- Department of orthopedics, Therapeutical and Musculoskeletal Tumor Research Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipai 11217 Taiwan
- Orthopedic Department, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipai 11221 Taiwan
| | - Jir-You Wang
- Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipai 11217 Taiwan
- Department of orthopedics, Therapeutical and Musculoskeletal Tumor Research Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipai 11217 Taiwan
- Orthopedic Department, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipai 11221 Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipai 11221 Taiwan
| | - Po-Kuei Wu
- Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipai 11217 Taiwan
- Department of orthopedics, Therapeutical and Musculoskeletal Tumor Research Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipai 11217 Taiwan
- Orthopedic Department, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipai 11221 Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipai 11221 Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ming Chen
- Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipai 11217 Taiwan
- Department of orthopedics, Therapeutical and Musculoskeletal Tumor Research Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipai 11217 Taiwan
- Orthopedic Department, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipai 11221 Taiwan
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5
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Neuromedin B mediates IL-6 and COX-2 expression through NF-κB/P65 and AP-1/C-JUN activation in human primary myometrial cells. Biosci Rep 2020; 39:BSR20192139. [PMID: 31527064 PMCID: PMC6822491 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20192139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuromedin B (NMB) and its receptor regulate labor onset by mediating inflammatory factors; however the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. The present study is aimed to investigate the mechanisms of NMB-induced cyclo-oxygenase 2 (COX-2) expression and interleukin (IL)-6 generation in human primary myometrial cells. The results indicated that NMB could increase phosphorylation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) transcription factor p65 (p65) and Jun proto-oncogene, activator protein 1 (AP-1) transcription factor subunit (c-Jun), and in turn, markedly up-regulated the expression levels of COX-2 and IL-6. This up-regulation was significantly attenuated by knockdown of p65 or c-Jun, and enhanced by overexpression of p65 or c-Jun. Furthermore, we identified a potential interaction between p65 and c-Jun following NMB stimulation. In addition, a significant positive correlation was observed between the amount of phosphorylated p65 and the levels of COX-2 and IL-6, and between the amount of phosphorylated c-Jun and COX-2 and IL-6 levels. These data suggested that NMB-induced COX-2 and IL-6 expression were mediated via p65 and c-Jun activation.
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6
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Chen J, Shi Y, Huang J, Luo J, Zhang W. Neuromedin B receptor mediates neuromedin B-induced COX-2 and IL-6 expression in human primary myometrial cells. J Investig Med 2020; 68:1171-1178. [PMID: 32699178 PMCID: PMC7418630 DOI: 10.1136/jim-2020-001412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The precise mechanisms that lead to parturition remain unclear. In our initial complementary DNA (cDNA) microarray experiment, we found that the neuromedin B receptor (NMBR) was differentially expressed in the human myometrium during spontaneous or oxytocin-induced labor. We have previously shown that neuromedin B (NMB) could induce interleukin 6 (IL-6) and type 2 cyclo-oxygenase enzyme (COX-2) expression in the primary human myometrial cells via nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) transcription factor p65 (p65) and Jun proto-oncogene, activator protein 1 (AP-1) transcription factor subunit (c-Jun). This study is aimed to investigate whether NMBR is required for NMB-induced effect. Primary myometrial cell culture was established to provide a suitable model to investigate the mechanism of NMB in labor initiation. Immunochemical staining was conducted to validate the NMBR expression in primary myometrial cells. The mRNA and protein expression of NMBR, p65, c-Jun, COX-2 and IL-6 were assessed by Quantitative Real Time PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blotting. Lentiviruses with shRNAs targeting NMBR or containing cDNA sequence of NMBR were transfected to primary myometrial cells to knockdown or overexpress NMBR. Cell death was determined by annexin V and propidium iodide staining and analyzed by flow cytometry. The upregulation of COX-2 and IL-6 and phosphorylation of p65 and c-Jun were significantly attenuated by knockdown of NMBR and enhanced by overexpressed NMBR following NMB treatment, with no significant change in total p65 and c-Jun. In summary, this study showed that NMBR-mediated NMB-induced NF-κB and AP-1 activation, which in turn, induce expression of IL-6 and COX-2 in primary myometrial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfei Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yun Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jingrui Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiefeng Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Weishe Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China .,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Early Life Development and Disease Prevention, Changsha, Hunan, China
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7
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Elbadry MM, Tharwat M, Mohammad EF, Abdo EF. Diagnostic accuracy of serum endothelin-1 in patients with HCC on top of liver cirrhosis. EGYPTIAN LIVER JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43066-020-00030-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers and one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths. As the overall survival of patients with cirrhosis has improved and the global incidence of HCC has continued to increase, strategies for the early detection of HCC are urgently needed for better prognosis. In this study, we aimed to assess the accuracy of endothelin-1 in the diagnosis of HCC in cirrhotic patients in comparison with alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and whether it could predict its vascular spread. This is a case–control study that included 70 cirrhotic patients with or without hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients were subjected to complete medical history taking, clinical examination and laboratory investigations including serum endothelin-1, alpha-fetoprotein, abdominal ultrasound and Triphasic multi-slice computed tomography (CT; abdomen and pelvis). The outcome results obtained for endothelin-1 were used to assess its diagnostic accuracy in HCC diagnosis and the prediction of presence of vascular spread.
Results
There was a statistically significant increase in serum endothelin-1 in HCC in comparison to cirrhotic patients and normal persons (P value < 0.001). Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values at cut-off point of 5.2 pg/ml for HCC were 90%, 100%, 100%, and 90.9% respectively. There was no statistically significant association between serum endothelin-1 level and portal vein thrombosis in HCC (P value = 0.547).
Conclusion
Endothelin-1 has high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. However, it has little value for prediction of its vascular spread.
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8
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MacDonald IJ, Lin CY, Kuo SJ, Su CM, Tang CH. An update on current and future treatment options for chondrosarcoma. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2019; 19:773-786. [PMID: 31462102 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2019.1659731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Human chondrosarcomas (CS; a malignant cartilage-forming bone tumor) respond poorly to chemotherapy and radiation treatment, resulting in high morbidity and mortality rates. Expanded treatment options are urgently needed. Areas covered: This article updates our 2014 review, in which we evaluated the CS treatments available at that time and potential treatment options under investigation. Since then, advances in research findings, particularly from Chinese herbal medicines, may be bringing us closer to more effective therapies for CS. In particular, promising findings have been reported from research targeting platelet-derived growth factor receptor. Expert opinion: Few treatment options exist for CS; chemotherapy is not even an option for unresectable disease, in which 5-year survival rates are just 2%. New information about the multitude of genes and signaling pathways that encourage CS growth, invasion and metastasis are clarifying how certain signaling pathways and plant-derived active compounds, especially molecularly-targeted therapies that inhibit the PDGF receptor, interfering with these biological processes. This review summarizes discoveries from the last 5 years and discusses how these findings are fueling ongoing work into effectively dealing with the disease process and improving the treatment of CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iona J MacDonald
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Lin
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College , New Taipei City , Taiwan
| | - Shu-Jui Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Chen-Ming Su
- Department of Sports Medicine, College of Health Care, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University , Taichung , Taiwan
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9
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Wu MH, Huang PH, Hsieh M, Tsai CH, Chen HT, Tang CH. Endothelin-1 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human chondrosarcoma cells by repressing miR-300. Oncotarget 2018; 7:70232-70246. [PMID: 27602960 PMCID: PMC5342549 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondrosarcoma is a malignant tumor of mesenchymal origin predominantly composed of cartilage-producing cells. This type of bone cancer is extremely resistant to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Surgical resection is the primary treatment, but is often difficult and not always practical for metastatic disease, so more effective treatments are needed. In particular, it would be helpful to identify molecular markers as targets for therapeutic intervention. Endothelin-1 (ET-1), a potent vasoconstrictor, has been shown to enhance chondrosarcoma angiogenesis and metastasis. We report that ET-1 promotes epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in human chondrosarcoma cells. EMT is a key pathological event in cancer progression, during which epithelial cells lose their junctions and apical-basal polarity and adopt an invasive phenotype. Our study verifies that ET-1 induces the EMT phenotype in chondrosarcoma cells via the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway. In addition, we show that ET-1 increases EMT by repressing miR-300, which plays an important role in EMT-enhanced tumor metastasis. We also show that miR-300 directly targets Twist, which in turn results in a negative regulation of EMT. We found a highly positive correlation between ET-1 and Twist expression levels as well as tumor stage in chondrosarcoma patient specimens. Therefore, ET-1 may represent a potential novel molecular therapeutic target in chondrosarcoma metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Huan Wu
- Physical Education Office, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Sports Recreation and Health Management Continuing Studies, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Han Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mingli Hsieh
- Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Tsai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Te Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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10
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Xie M, Dart DA, Guo T, Xing XF, Cheng XJ, Du H, Jiang WG, Wen XZ, Ji JF. MicroRNA-1 acts as a tumor suppressor microRNA by inhibiting angiogenesis-related growth factors in human gastric cancer. Gastric Cancer 2018; 21:41-54. [PMID: 28493075 PMCID: PMC5741792 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-017-0721-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We recently reported that miR-1 was one of the most significantly downregulated microRNAs in gastric cancer (GC) patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas microRNA sequencing data. Here we aim to elucidate the role of miR-1 in gastric carcinogenesis. METHODS We measured miR-1 expression in human GC cell lines and 90 paired primary GC samples, and analyzed the association of its status with clinicopathological features. The effect of miR-1 on GC cells was evaluated by proliferation and migration assay. To identify the target genes of miR-1, bioinformatic analysis and protein array analysis were performed. Moreover, the regulation mechanism of miR-1 with regard to these predicted targets was investigated by quantitative PCR (qPCR), Western blot, ELISA, and endothelial cell tube formation. The putative binding site of miR-1 on target genes was assessed by a reporter assay. RESULTS Expression of miR-1 was obviously decreased in GC cell lines and primary tissues. Patients with low miR-1 expression had significantly shorter overall survival compared with those with high miR-1 expression (P = 0.0027). Overexpression of miR-1 in GC cells inhibited proliferation, migration, and tube formation of endothelial cells by suppressing expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) and endothelin 1 (EDN1). Conversely, inhibition of miR-1 with use of antago-miR-1 caused an increase in expression of VEGF-A and EDN1 in nonmalignant GC cells or low-malignancy GC cells. CONCLUSIONS MiR-1 acts as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting angiogenesis-related growth factors in human gastric cancer. Downregulated miR-1 not only promotes cellular proliferation and migration of GC cells, but may activates proangiogenesis signaling and stimulates the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells, indicating the possibility of new strategies for GC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xie
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Division of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Dafydd Alwyn Dart
- Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Ting Guo
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Division of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Xing
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Division of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Division of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Du
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Division of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Wen G Jiang
- Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK.
| | - Xian-Zi Wen
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Division of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China.
| | - Jia-Fu Ji
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Division of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China.
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11
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Shi L, Zhou SS, Chen WB, Xu L. Functions of endothelin-1 in apoptosis and migration in hepatocellular carcinoma. Exp Ther Med 2017; 13:3116-3122. [PMID: 28587387 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer mortality in China and the third leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. The mechanisms involved in the development and progression of HCC are not well understood. In the present study, the functions of endothelin-1 (ET-1) in HCC were studied and its underlying mechanisms were investigated. ET-1, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 related protein 4 (Bax), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 expression was measured by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Cell proliferation was measured via Cell Counting kit-8 assay. Flow cytometry was performed for cell cycle and apoptosis analysis. Migration was measured via Transwell assay. The results demonstrated that ET-1 expression significantly increased in HCC tissues compared with the normal tissues of patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset (P<0.01). Furthermore, downregulation of ET-1 was able to significantly inhibit cell proliferation and growth in vitro (P<0.01) and in vivo (P<0.01), and induce cell cycle arrest (P<0.05) and apoptosis (P<0.01) in the HCC SMMC-7721 cell line. Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that the cell apoptosis signaling pathway was activated by ET-1. The ratio of B-cell lymphoma (Bcl-2) -related protein 4 (Bax)/Bcl-2 was significantly increased by downregulation of ET-1 (P<0.01). ET-1 downregulation also inhibited migration of SMMC-7721 cells (P<0.05) via decreasing levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) -2 (P<0.05) and MMP-9 (P>0.05). These results suggest that ET-1 may be able to affect the apoptosis and migration of HCC cells via modulation of the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and expression levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9, which indicates that ET-1 maybe a potential novel target for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Shi
- Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Compounds, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
| | - Shan-Shan Zhou
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of TCM, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Wan-Bo Chen
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430061, P.R. China
| | - Lei Xu
- Pharmacology Teaching and Research Section, The 95890 Forces, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
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12
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Wang Z, Liu P, Zhou X, Wang T, Feng X, Sun YP, Xiong Y, Yuan HX, Guan KL. Endothelin Promotes Colorectal Tumorigenesis by Activating YAP/TAZ. Cancer Res 2017; 77:2413-2423. [PMID: 28249901 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-3229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Endothelin receptor A (ETAR) promotes tumorigenesis by stimulating cell proliferation, migration, and survival. However, the mechanism of ETAR in promoting tumor growth is largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that ETAR stimulates colon cell proliferation, migration, and tumorigenesis through the activation of YAP/TAZ, two transcription coactivators of the Hippo tumor suppressor pathway. Endothelin-1 treatment induced YAP/TAZ dephosphorylation, nuclear accumulation, and transcriptional activation in multiple colon cancer cells. ETAR stimulation acted via downstream G-protein Gαq/11 and Rho GTPase to suppress the Hippo pathway, thus leading to YAP/TAZ activation, which was required for ETAR-induced tumorigenesis. Overall, these results indicate a critical role of the YAP/TAZ axis in ETAR signaling. Cancer Res; 77(9); 2413-23. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine of Ministry of Education and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine of Ministry of Education and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine of Ministry of Education and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianxiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine of Ministry of Education and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine of Ministry of Education and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Ping Sun
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine of Ministry of Education and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine of Ministry of Education and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Hai-Xin Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine of Ministry of Education and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Kun-Liang Guan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine of Ministry of Education and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Pharmacology and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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13
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Li H, Zhou J, Wei X, Chen R, Geng J, Zheng R, Chai J, Li F, Jiang S. miR-144 and targets, c-fos and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), modulate synthesis of PGE2 in the amnion during pregnancy and labor. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27914. [PMID: 27297132 PMCID: PMC4906292 DOI: 10.1038/srep27914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Labor is initiated as a result of hormonal changes that are induced by the activation of the inflammatory response and a series of biochemical events. The amnion, which is the primary source of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), plays an important role in the process of labor. In the present study, we uncovered a pathway in which c-fos, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) and miR-144 function as hormonal modulators in the amnions of pregnant mice and humans. miR-144 down-regulated the synthesis of PGE2 during pregnancy by directly and indirectly inhibiting COX2 expression and by directly inhibiting the expression of c-fos, a transcriptional activator of COX2 and miR-144. Estrogen (E2) activated c-fos, thus promoting the expression of miR-144 and COX2 during labor. However, the increase in COX2 resulted in the partial inhibition of COX2 expression by miR-144, thereby slightly reducing the secretion of PGE2. These observations suggest that miR-144 inhibits PGE2 secretion by section to prevent the initiation of premature labor. Up-regulated expression of miR-144, c-fos and COX2 was also observed both in preterm mice and in mice undergoing normal labor. In summary, miR-144, c-fos and COX2 play important roles in regulating PGE2 secretion in the amnion during pregnancy and labor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanan Li
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Agricultural Ministry and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Agricultural Ministry and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiajie Wei
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Agricultural Ministry and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Chen
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Agricultural Ministry and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Junnan Geng
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Agricultural Ministry and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Agricultural Ministry and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Chai
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Agricultural Ministry and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Fenge Li
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Agricultural Ministry and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Siwen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Agricultural Ministry and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China People's Republic of China
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14
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Cong N, Li Z, Shao W, Li J, Yu S. Activation of ETA Receptor by Endothelin-1 Induces Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Migration and Invasion via ERK1/2 and AKT Signaling Pathways. J Membr Biol 2015; 249:119-28. [PMID: 26501871 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-015-9854-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Endothelin-1 (ET-1), a member of endothelins family, binds to ETA receptor (ETAR) and ETB receptor to exert its role in multiple cellular processes. Although ET-1 and its receptors has been reported to be overexpressed in many cancers, and overexpression of ET-1 is able to trigger hepatocarcinogenesis in zebrafish, the functions of ET-1 and its receptors in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell migration and invasion remain unclear. In the present study, we found that ETAR was greatly expressed in HCC cells and HCC tissues. ETAR expression as well as ET-1 expression was associated with vascular invasion and tumor stage in HCC. Activation of ETAR by ET-1 dose-dependently promoted cell migration and invasion of HCC cells, while silencing of ETAR by siRNA or blocking of ETAR by specific inhibitor resulted in significant reduction in ET-1-mediated migration and invasion. Furthermore, ET-1 induced activation of ERK1/2 and AKT and increased MMP-3 production via ETAR. In addition, using inhibitors of ERK1/2 and AKT, we found that ERK1/2 and AKT pathways were both involved in ETAR-mediated migration, invasion, and MMP-3 production. Taken together, our findings suggest that activation of ETAR by ET-1 promotes HCC cell migration and invasion via activating ERK1/2 and AKT signaling pathways and upregulating MMP-3 expression. Thus, ETAR may play an important role in the progress of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Cong
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Zhongmin Li
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Shouguang City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang, 262700, Shandong, China
| | - Wenbo Shao
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Jinpeng Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Shui Yu
- Department of Tumor Radiotherapy, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China.
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15
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Cre recombinase-regulated Endothelin1 transgenic mouse lines: novel tools for analysis of embryonic and adult disorders. Dev Biol 2015; 400:191-201. [PMID: 25725491 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2015.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Endothelin-1 (EDN1) influences both craniofacial and cardiovascular development and a number of adult physiological conditions by binding to one or both of the known endothelin receptors, thus initiating multiple signaling cascades. Animal models containing both conventional and conditional loss of the Edn1 gene have been used to dissect EDN1 function in both embryos and adults. However, while transgenic Edn1 over-expression or targeted genomic insertion of Edn1 has been performed to understand how elevated levels of Edn1 result in or exacerbate disease states, an animal model in which Edn1 over-expression can be achieved in a spatiotemporal-specific manner has not been reported. Here we describe the creation of Edn1 conditional over-expression transgenic mouse lines in which the chicken β-actin promoter and an Edn1 cDNA are separated by a strong stop sequence flanked by loxP sites. In the presence of Cre, the stop cassette is removed, leading to Edn1 expression. Using the Wnt1-Cre strain, in which Cre expression is targeted to the Wnt1-expressing domain of the central nervous system (CNS) from which neural crest cells (NCCs) arise, we show that stable chicken β-actin-Edn1 (CBA-Edn1) transgenic lines with varying EDN1 protein levels develop defects in NCC-derived tissues of the face, though the severity differs between lines. We also show that Edn1 expression can be achieved in other embryonic tissues utilizing other Cre strains, with this expression also resulting in developmental defects. CBA-Edn1 transgenic mice will be useful in investigating diverse aspects of EDN1-mediated-development and disease, including understanding how NCCs achieve and maintain a positional and functional identity and how aberrant EDN1 levels can lead to multiple physiological changes and diseases.
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16
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Hsu CK, Lee IT, Lin CC, Hsiao LD, Yang CM. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Mediates COX-2 Expression and PGE2/IL-6 Secretion via c-Src-Dependent AP-1 Activation. J Cell Physiol 2014; 230:702-15. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Kai Hsu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Aging Research Center; College of Medicine; Chang Gung University; Kwei-San Tao-Yuan Taiwan
| | - I-Ta Lee
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Aging Research Center; College of Medicine; Chang Gung University; Kwei-San Tao-Yuan Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chung Lin
- Department of Anesthetics; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Lin-Kou and College of Medicine; Chang Gung University; Kwei-San Tao-Yuan Taiwan
| | - Li-Der Hsiao
- Department of Anesthetics; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Lin-Kou and College of Medicine; Chang Gung University; Kwei-San Tao-Yuan Taiwan
| | - Chuen-Mao Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Health Aging Research Center; College of Medicine; Chang Gung University; Kwei-San Tao-Yuan Taiwan
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17
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Kim MJ, Kim HS, Lee SH, Yang Y, Lee MS, Lim JS. NDRG2 controls COX-2/PGE₂-mediated breast cancer cell migration and invasion. Mol Cells 2014; 37:759-65. [PMID: 25256221 PMCID: PMC4213768 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2014.0232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2 (NDRG2), which is known to have tumor suppressor functions, is frequently down-regulated in breast cancers and potentially involved in preventing the migration and invasion of malignant tumor cells. In the present study, we examined the inhibitory effects of NDRG2 overexpression, specifically focusing on the role of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the migration of breast cancer cells. NDRG2 overexpression in MDA-MB-231 cells inhibited the expression of the COX-2 mRNA and protein, the transcriptional activity of COX-2, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production, which were induced by a treatment with phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA). Nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling attenuated by NDRG2 expression resulted in a decrease in PMA-induced COX-2 expression. Interestingly, the inhibition of COX-2 strongly suppressed PMA-stimulated migration and invasion in MDA-MB-231-NDRG2 cells. Moreover, siRNA-mediated knockdown of NDRG2 in MCF7 cells increased the COX-2 mRNA and protein expression levels and the PMA-induced COX-2 expression levels. Consistent with these results, the migration and invasion of MCF7 cells treated with NDRG2 siRNA were significantly enhanced following treatment with PMA. Taken together, our data show that the inhibition of NF-κB signaling by NDRG2 expression is able to suppress cell migration and invasion through the down-regulation of COX-2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung-Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Science and the Research Center for Women’s Disease, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 140-742, Korea
| | - Hak-Su Kim
- Department of Biological Science and the Research Center for Women’s Disease, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 140-742, Korea
| | | | - Young Yang
- Department of Biological Science and the Research Center for Women’s Disease, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 140-742, Korea
| | - Myeong-Sok Lee
- Department of Biological Science and the Research Center for Women’s Disease, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 140-742, Korea
| | - Jong-Seok Lim
- Department of Biological Science and the Research Center for Women’s Disease, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 140-742, Korea
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18
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Teoh JP, Park KM, Wang Y, Hu Q, Kim S, Wu G, Huang S, Maihle N, Kim IM. Endothelin-1/endothelin A receptor-mediated biased signaling is a new player in modulating human ovarian cancer cell tumorigenesis. Cell Signal 2014; 26:2885-95. [PMID: 25194819 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2014.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The endothelin-1 (ET-1)/endothelin A receptor (ETAR, a G protein-coupled receptor) axis confers pleiotropic effects on both tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment, modulating chemo-resistance and other tumor-associated processes by activating Gαq- and β-arrestin-mediated pathways. While the precise mechanisms by which these effects occur remain to be elucidated, interference with ETAR signaling has emerged as a promising antitumor strategy in many cancers including ovarian cancer (OC). However, current clinical approaches using ETAR antagonists in the absence of a detailed knowledge of downstream signaling have resulted in multiple adverse side effects and limited therapeutic efficacy. To maximize the safety and efficacy of ETAR-targeted OC therapy, we investigated the role of other G protein subunits such as Gαs in the ETAR-mediated ovarian oncogenic signaling. In HEY (human metastatic OC) cells where the ET-1/ETAR axis is well-characterized, Gαs signaling inhibits ETAR-mediated OC cell migration, wound healing, proliferation and colony formation on soft agar while inducing OC cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, ET-1/ETAR is coupled to Gαs/cAMP signaling in the same ovarian carcinoma-derived cell line. Gαs/cAMP/PKA activation inhibits ETAR-mediated β-arrestin activation of angiogenic/metastatic Calcrl and Icam2 expression. Consistent with our findings, Gαs overexpression is associated with improved survival in OC patients in the analysis of the Cancer Genome Atlas data. In conclusion, our results indicate a novel function for Gαs signaling in ET-1/ETAR-mediated OC oncogenesis and may provide a rationale for a biased signaling mechanism, which selectively activates Gαs-coupled tumor suppressive pathways while blocking Gαq-/β-arrestin-mediated oncogenic pathways, to improve the targeting of the ETAR axis in OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-peng Teoh
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Kyoung-mi Park
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Yongchao Wang
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Qiuping Hu
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Sangmi Kim
- Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Guangyu Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Shuang Huang
- Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Nita Maihle
- Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Il-man Kim
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
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19
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Lin CY, Hung SY, Chen HT, Tsou HK, Fong YC, Wang SW, Tang CH. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor increases vascular endothelial growth factor expression and enhances angiogenesis in human chondrosarcoma cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2014; 91:522-33. [PMID: 25150213 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Chondrosarcomas are a type of primary malignant bone cancer, with a potent capacity for local invasion and distant metastasis. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is commonly upregulated during neurogenesis. The aim of the present study was to examine the mechanism involved in BDNF-mediated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and angiogenesis in human chondrosarcoma cells. Here, we knocked down BDNF expression in chondrosarcoma cells and assessed their capacity to control VEGF expression and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. We found knockdown of BDNF decreased VEGF expression and abolished chondrosarcoma conditional medium-mediated angiogenesis in vitro as well as angiogenesis effects in vivo in the chick chorioallantoic membrane and Matrigel plug nude mouse models. In addition, in the xenograft tumor angiogenesis model, the knockdown of BDNF significantly reduced tumor growth and tumor-associated angiogenesis. BDNF increased VEGF expression and angiogenesis through the TrkB receptor, PLCγ, PKCα, and the HIF-1α signaling pathway. Finally, we analyzed samples from chondrosarcoma patients by immunohistochemical staining. The expression of BDNF and VEGF protein in 56 chondrosarcoma patients was significantly higher than in normal cartilage. In addition, the high level of BDNF expression correlated strongly with VEGF expression and tumor stage. Taken together, our results indicate that BDNF increases VEGF expression and enhances angiogenesis through a signal transduction pathway that involves the TrkB receptor, PLCγ, PKCα, and the HIF-1α. Therefore, BDNF may represent a novel target for anti-angiogenic therapy for human chondrosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yang Lin
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ya Hung
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Te Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Kai Tsou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Early Childhood Care and Education, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chin Fong
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Wei Wang
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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20
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Horng CT, Shieh PC, Tan TW, Yang WH, Tang CH. Paeonol suppresses chondrosarcoma metastasis through up-regulation of miR-141 by modulating PKCδ and c-Src signaling pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:11760-72. [PMID: 24992595 PMCID: PMC4139812 DOI: 10.3390/ijms150711760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chondrosarcoma, a primary malignant bone cancer, has potential for local invasion and distant metastasis, especially to the lungs. Patients diagnosed with it show poor prognosis. Paeonol (2'-hydroxy-4'-methoxyacetophenone), the main active compound of traditional Chinese remedy Paeonia lactiflora Pallas, exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activity; whether paeonol regulates metastatic chondrosarcoma is largely unknown. Here, we find paeonol do not increase apoptosis. By contrast, at non-cytotoxic concentrations, paeonol suppresses migration and invasion of chondrosarcoma cells. We also demonstrate paeonol enhancing miR-141 expression and miR-141 inhibitor reversing paeonol-inhibited cell motility; paeonol also reduces protein kinase C (PKC)d and c-Src kinase activity. Since paeonol inhibits migration and invasion of human chondrosarcoma via up-regulation of miR-141 via PKCd and c-Src pathways, it thus might be a novel anti-metastasis agent for treatment of metastatic chondrosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Ting Horng
- Medical Education Center, Kaohsiung Armed Force General Hospital, Kaohsiung 802, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Chuen Shieh
- Department of Pharmacy, Tajen University, Pingtung 907, Taiwan.
| | - Tzu-Wei Tan
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Hung Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung 403, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
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21
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Hsieh WT, Yeh WL, Cheng RY, Lin C, Tsai CF, Huang BR, Wu CYJ, Lin HY, Huang SS, Lu DY. Exogenous endothelin-1 induces cell migration and matrix metalloproteinase expression in U251 human glioblastoma multiforme. J Neurooncol 2014; 118:257-269. [PMID: 24756349 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-014-1442-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and lethal type of primary brain tumor characterized by its rapid infiltration to surrounding tissues during the early stages. The fast spreading of GBM obscures the initiation of the tumor mass making the treatment outcome undesirable. Endothelin-1 is known as a secretory protein presented in various types of brain cells, which has been indicated as a factor for cancer pathology. The aim of the present study was to investigate the molecular mechanism of cell migration in GBM. We found that various malignant glioma cells expressed higher amounts of endothelin-1, ETA, and ETB receptors than nonmalignant human astrocytes. The application of endothelin-1 enhanced the migratory activity in human U251 glioma cells corresponding to increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and MMP-13. The endothelin-1-induced cell migration was attenuated by MMP-9 and MMP-13 inhibitors and inhibitors of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase and PI3 kinase/Akt. Furthermore, the elevated levels of phosphate c-Jun accumulation in the nucleus and activator protein-1 (AP-1)-DNA binding activity were also found in endothelin-1 treated glioma cells. In migration-prone sublines, cells with greater migration ability showed higher endothelin-1, ETB receptor, and MMP expressions. These results indicate that endothelin-1 activates MAP kinase and AP-1 signaling, resulting in enhanced MMP-9 and MMP-13 expressions and cell migration in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Tsong Hsieh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lan Yeh
- Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering and Department of Medical Research, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Ruo-Yuo Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chingju Lin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Fang Tsai
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Ren Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Caren Yu-Ju Wu
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Yun Lin
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shiang-Suo Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Dah-Yuu Lu
- Graduate Institute of Neural and Cognitive Sciences, China Medical University, No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan.
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22
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Hua KT, Lee WJ, Yang SF, Chen CK, Hsiao M, Ku CC, Wei LH, Kuo ML, Chien MH. Vascular endothelial growth factor-C modulates proliferation and chemoresistance in acute myeloid leukemic cells through an endothelin-1-dependent induction of cyclooxygenase-2. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2013; 1843:387-97. [PMID: 24184161 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2013.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
High-level expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C is associated with chemoresistance and adverse prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Our previous study has found that VEGF-C induces cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in AML cell lines and significant correlation of VEGF-C and COX-2 in bone marrow specimens. COX-2 has been reported to mediate the proliferation and drug resistance in several solid tumors. Herein, we demonstrated that the VEGF-C-induced proliferation of AML cells is effectively abolished by the depletion or inhibition of COX-2. The expression of endothelin-1 (ET-1) rapidly increased following treatment with VEGF-C. We found that ET-1 was also involved in the VEGF-C-mediated proliferation of AML cells, and that recombinant ET-1 induced COX-2 mRNA and protein expressions in AML cells. Treatment with the endothelin receptor A (ETRA) antagonist, BQ 123, or ET-1 shRNAs inhibited VEGF-C-induced COX-2 expression. Flow cytometry and immunoblotting revealed that VEGF-C induces S phase accumulation through the inhibition of p27 and the upregulation of cyclin E and cyclin-dependent kinase-2 expressions. The cell-cycle-related effects of VEGF-C were reversed by the depletion of COX-2 or ET-1. The depletion of COX-2 or ET-1 also suppressed VEGF-C-induced increases in the bcl-2/bax ratio and chemoresistance against etoposide and cytosine arabinoside in AML cells. We also demonstrated VEGF-C/ET-1/COX-2 axis-mediated chemoresistance in an AML xenograft mouse model. Our findings suggest that VEGF-C induces COX-2-mediated resistance to chemotherapy through the induction of ET-1 expression. Acting as a key regulator in the VEGF-C/COX-2 axis, ET-1 represents a potential target for ameliorating resistance to chemotherapy in AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Tai Hua
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jiunn Lee
- Department of Urology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kuan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Michael Hsiao
- The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chi Ku
- Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lin-Hung Wei
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Liang Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Chien
- Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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23
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Hsu CJ, Wu MH, Chen CY, Tsai CH, Hsu HC, Tang CH. AMP-activated protein kinase activation mediates CCL3-induced cell migration and matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression in human chondrosarcoma. Cell Commun Signal 2013; 11:68. [PMID: 24047437 PMCID: PMC3851317 DOI: 10.1186/1478-811x-11-68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3 (CCL3), also known as macrophage inflammatory protein-1α, is a cytokine involved in inflammation and activation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. CCL3 has been detected in infiltrating cells and tumor cells. Chondrosarcoma is a highly malignant tumor that causes distant metastasis. However, the effect of CCL3 on human chondrosarcoma metastasis is still unknown. Here, we found that CCL3 increased cellular migration and expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 in human chondrosarcoma cells. Pre-treatment of cells with the MMP-2 inhibitor or transfection with MMP-2 specific siRNA abolished CCL3-induced cell migration. CCL3 has been reported to exert its effects through activation of its specific receptor, CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5). The CCR5 and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibitor or siRNA also attenuated CCL3-upregulated cell motility and MMP-2 expression. CCL3-induced expression of MMP-2 and migration were also inhibited by specific inhibitors, and inactive mutants of AMPK, p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38 or p38-MAPK), and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) cascades. On the other hand, CCL3 treatment demonstrably activated AMPK, p38, and NF-κB signaling pathways. Furthermore, the expression levels of CCL3, CCR5, and MMP-2 were correlated in human chondrosarcoma specimens. Taken together, our results indicate that CCL3 enhances the migratory ability of human chondrosarcoma cells by increasing MMP-2 expression via the CCR5, AMPK, p38, and NF-κB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Jung Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, No, 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan.
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