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Roy A, Rodge G, Goenka MK. Spur Cell Anaemia in Cirrhosis: A Narrative Review. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2023; 13:500-508. [PMID: 37250881 PMCID: PMC10213867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2022.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of anaemia has been linked to increased complications and a worse prognosis in cirrhosis. Spur cell anaemia (SCA) is a specific form of haemolytic anaemia reported in patients with advanced cirrhosis. The literature on the entity has not been systematically reviewed, despite the classical association and frequent association with worse outcomes. We undertook a narrative review of available literature on SCA which yielded only 4 were original studies, one case series and the rest of the literature as case reports and clinical images. SCA is usually defined by the presence of spur cell rate of ≥5%, although there remains a lack of consensus in the definition. SCA has been classically associated with alcohol-related cirrhosis but can be seen across the spectrum of cirrhosis and acute to chronic liver failure. Patients with SCA tend to have evidence of higher grades of liver dysfunction, abnormal lipid profiles, worse prognostic scores and a high mortality. Experimental therapies including corticosteroids, pentoxifylline, flunarizine and plasmapheresis has been tried with variable effect, but liver transplantation remains the management of choice. We propose a stepwise approach to diagnosis and re-enforce the need for further prospective research, especially in subgroups of advanced cirrhosis like acute to chronic liver failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Roy
- Institute of Gastrosciences and Liver Transplantation, Apollo Multispeciality Hospitals, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Gajanan Rodge
- Institute of Gastrosciences and Liver Transplantation, Apollo Multispeciality Hospitals, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Mahesh K. Goenka
- Institute of Gastrosciences and Liver Transplantation, Apollo Multispeciality Hospitals, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Okokon JE, Etuk IC, Thomas PS, Drijfhout FP, Claridge TDW, Li WW. In vivo antihyperglycaemic and antihyperlipidemic activities and chemical constituents of Solanum anomalum. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 151:113153. [PMID: 35598372 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Solanum anomalum is a plant used ethnomedically for the treatment of diabetes. The study was aimed to validate ethnomedical claims in rat model and identify the likely antidiabetic compounds. Leaf extract (70-210 mg/kg/day) and fractions (140 mg/kg/day) of S. anomalum were evaluated in hyperglycaemic rats induced using alloxan for effects on blood glucose, lipids and pancreas histology. Phytochemical characterisation of isolated compounds and their identification were performed using mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy. Bioinformatics tool was used to predict the possible protein targets of the identified bioactive compounds. The leaf extract/fractions on administration to diabetic rats caused significant lowering of fasting blood glucose of the diabetic rats during single dose study and on repeated administration of the extract. The hydroethanolic leaf extracts also enhanced glucose utilization capacity of the diabetic rats and caused significant lowering of glycosylated hemoglobin levels and elevation of insulin levels in the serum. Furthermore, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, and VLDL-cholesterol levels were lowered significantly, while HDL-cholesterol levels were also elevated in the treated diabetic rats. There was absence or few pathological signs in the treated hyperglycaemic rat pancreas compared to that present in the pancreas of control group. Diosgenin, 25(R)-diosgenin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranoside, uracil, thymine, 1-octacosanol, and octacosane were isolated and identified. Protein phosphatases along with secreted proteins are predicted to be the major targets of diosgenin and the diosgenin glycoside. These results suggest that the leaf extract/fractions of S. anomalum possess antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic properties, offer protection to the pancreas and stimulate insulin secretion, which can be attributable to the activities of its phytochemical constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jude E Okokon
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria.
| | - Idongesit C Etuk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria
| | - Paul S Thomas
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria
| | - Falko P Drijfhout
- Chemical Sciences Research Centre, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, United Kingdom
| | - Tim D W Claridge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Wen-Wu Li
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 7QB, United Kingdom.
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Khan H, Nazir S, Farooq RK, Khan IN, Javed A. Fabrication and Assessment of Diosgenin Encapsulated Stearic Acid Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Its Anticancer and Antidepressant Effects Using in vitro and in vivo Models. Front Neurosci 2022; 15:806713. [PMID: 35221890 PMCID: PMC8866708 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.806713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory cascade plays a pivotal role in the onset and progression of major depressive disorder (MDD) and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Therefore, questing natural compounds with anti-inflammatory activity such as diosgenin can act as a double-edged sword targeting cancer and cancer-induced inflammation simultaneously. The blood–brain barrier limits the therapeutic efficiency of the drugs against intracranial pathologies including depression and brain cancers. Encapsulating a drug molecule in lipid nanoparticles can overcome this obstacle. The current study has thus investigated the anticancer and antidepressant effect of Tween 80 (P80) coated stearic acid solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNPs) encapsulating the diosgenin. Physio-chemical characterizations of SLNPs were performed to assess their stability, monodispersity, and entrapment efficiency. In vitro cytotoxic analysis of naked and drug encapsulated SLNPs on U-87 cell line indicated diosgenin IC50 value to be 194.4 μM, while diosgenin encapsulation in nanoparticles slightly decreases the toxicity. Antidepressant effects of encapsulated and non-encapsulated diosgenin were comprehensively evaluated in the concanavalin-A–induced sickness behavior mouse model. Behavior test results indicate that diosgenin and diosgenin encapsulated nanoparticles significantly alleviated anxiety-like and depressive behavior. Diosgenin incorporated SLNPs also improved grooming behavior and social interaction as well as showed normal levels of neutrophils and leukocytes with no toxicity indication. In conclusion, diosgenin and diosgenin encapsulated solid lipid nanoparticles proved successful in decreasing in vitro cancer cell proliferation and improving sickness behavioral phenotype and thus merit further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hina Khan
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Nazir
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rai Khalid Farooq
- Department of Neuroscience Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ishaq N. Khan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (IBMS), Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Javed
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Aneela Javed,
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Strugała P, Urbaniak A, Kuryś P, Włoch A, Kral T, Ugorski M, Hof M, Gabrielska J. Antitumor and antioxidant activities of purple potato ethanolic extract and its interaction with liposomes, albumin and plasmid DNA. Food Funct 2021; 12:1271-1290. [PMID: 33434253 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01667e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to broadly determine the biological activities of purple potato ethanolic extract of the Blue Congo variety (BCE). The antioxidant activity of BCE was determined in relation to liposome membranes, and peroxidation was induced by UVB and AAPH. To clarify the antioxidant activity of BCE, we investigated its interactions with hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions of a membrane using fluorimetric and FTIR methods. Next, we investigated the cytotoxicity and pro-apoptotic activities of BCE in two human colon cancer cell lines (HT-29 and Caco-2) and in normal cells (IPEC-J2). In addition, the ability to inhibit enzymes that are involved in pro-inflammatory reactions was examined. Furthermore, BCE interactions with serum albumin and plasmid DNA were investigated using steady state fluorescence spectroscopy and a single molecule fluorescence technique (TCSPC-FCS). We proved that BCE effectively protects lipid membranes against the process of peroxidation and successfully inhibits the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase enzymes. Furthermore, it interacts with the hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts of lipid membranes as well as with albumin and plasmid DNA. It was observed that BCE is more cytotoxic against colon cancer cell lines than normal IPEC-J2 cells; it also induces apoptosis in cancer cell lines, but does not induce cell death in normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Strugała
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Anna Urbaniak
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rudolfa Weigla 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 31, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Patryk Kuryś
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Włoch
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Teresa Kral
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland. and Department of Biophysical Chemistry, J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejskova 3, 18223 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Maciej Ugorski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 31, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Martin Hof
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejskova 3, 18223 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Janina Gabrielska
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
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Is the Membrane Lipid Matrix a Key Target for Action of Pharmacologically Active Plant Saponins? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063167. [PMID: 33804648 PMCID: PMC8003763 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was focused on the molecular mechanisms of action of saponins and related compounds (sapogenins and alkaloids) on model lipid membranes. Steroids and triterpenes were tested. A systematic analysis of the effects of these chemicals on the physicochemical properties of the lipid bilayers and on the formation and functionality of the reconstituted ion channels induced by antimicrobial agents was performed. It was found that digitonin, tribulosin, and dioscin substantially reduced the boundary potential of the phosphatidylcholine membranes. We concluded that saponins might affect the membrane boundary potential by restructuring the membrane hydration layer. Moreover, an increase in the conductance and lifetime of gramicidin A channels in the presence of tribulosin was due to an alteration in the membrane dipole potential. Differential scanning microcalorimetry data indicated the key role of the sapogenin core structure (steroid or triterpenic) in affecting lipid melting and disordering. We showed that an alteration in pore forming activity of syringomycin E by dioscin might be due to amendments in the lipid packing. We also found that the ability of saponins to disengage the fluorescent marker calcein from lipid vesicles might be also determined by their ability to induce a positive curvature stress.
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Ondevilla JC, Hanashima S, Mukogawa A, Umegawa Y, Murata M. Diosgenin-induced physicochemical effects on phospholipid bilayers in comparison with cholesterol. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 36:127816. [PMID: 33516912 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.127816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Diosgenin (DGN), which is a sterol occurring in plants of the Dioscorea family, has attracted increasing attention for its various pharmacological activities. DGN has a structural similarity to cholesterol (Cho). In this study we investigated the effects of the common tetracyclic cores and the different side chains on the physicochemical properties of lipid bilayer membranes. Differential scanning calorimetry showed that DGN and Cho reduce the phase transition enthalpy to a similar extent. In 2H NMR, deuterated-DGN/Cho and POPC showed similar ordering in POPC bilayers, which revealed that DGN is oriented parallel to the membrane normal like Cho. It was suggested that the affinity of DGN-Cho in membrane is stronger than that of DGN-DGN or Cho-Cho interaction. 31P NMR of POPC in bilayers revealed that, unlike Cho, DGN altered the interactions of POPC headgroups at 30 mol%. These results suggest that DGN below 30 mol% has similar effects with Cho on basic biomembrane properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Candice Ondevilla
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Shinya Hanashima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan.
| | - Akane Mukogawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan; ERATO, Lipid Active Structure Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Yuichi Umegawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Michio Murata
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan; ERATO, Lipid Active Structure Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan.
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7
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Soltani Rad MN, Behrouz S, Atashbasteh E, Hashemi SS. Butyl methyl imidazolium silica sulfate (BMIm)SS: A novel hybrid nano-catalyst for highly efficient synthesis of new 1,2-diol monoesters of ibuprofen as the novel prodrugs of ibuprofen having potent analgesic property. Bioorg Chem 2020; 107:104570. [PMID: 33373759 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The fabrication, characterization of butyl methyl imidazolium silica sulfate [BMIm]SS as a novel nano hybrid catalyst and its application in synthesis of new ibuprofen (IBP) 1,2-diol mono esters were described. [BMIm]SS catalyzed the reaction of IBP with epoxides to afford the new IBP 1,2-diol mono esters in good to excellent yields. The products were tested in vivo for the analgesic properties on female mice using formalin test. The test results revealed that most compounds, in particular compounds 1h, 1k and 1o displayed potent analgesic activity compare to IBP as a reference drug. No mortality was observed due to the toxicity of the synthesized compounds. The docking analysis was conducted that confirmed the strong binding affinity of active compounds to active site of murine cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme compare to IBP. The in silico pharmacokinetic profile, drug likeness and toxicity predictions were carried out for all compounds which determined that 1h can be suggested as an appropriate future drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Navid Soltani Rad
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz 71555-313, Iran.
| | - Somayeh Behrouz
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz 71555-313, Iran.
| | - Esmaeil Atashbasteh
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz 71555-313, Iran
| | - Seyedeh-Sara Hashemi
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Division of Food and Nutrition, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Kremkow J, Luck M, Huster D, Müller P, Scheidt HA. Membrane Interaction of Ibuprofen with Cholesterol-Containing Lipid Membranes. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10101384. [PMID: 32998467 PMCID: PMC7650631 DOI: 10.3390/biom10101384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Deciphering the membrane interaction of drug molecules is important for improving drug delivery, cellular uptake, and the understanding of side effects of a given drug molecule. For the anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen, several studies reported contradictory results regarding the impact of ibuprofen on cholesterol-containing lipid membranes. Here, we investigated membrane localization and orientation as well as the influence of ibuprofen on membrane properties in POPC/cholesterol bilayers using solid-state NMR spectroscopy and other biophysical assays. The presence of ibuprofen disturbs the molecular order of phospholipids as shown by alterations of the 2H and 31P-NMR spectra of the lipids, but does not lead to an increased membrane permeability or changes of the phase state of the bilayer. 1H MAS NOESY NMR results demonstrate that ibuprofen adopts a mean position in the upper chain/glycerol region of the POPC membrane, oriented with its polar carbonyl group towards the aqueous phase. This membrane position is only marginally altered in the presence of cholesterol. A previously reported result that ibuprofen is expelled from the membrane interface in cholesterol-containing DMPC bilayers could not be confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Kremkow
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, Härtelstr. 16-18, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany; (J.K.); (D.H.)
| | - Meike Luck
- Department of Biology, Humboldt University Berlin, Invalidenstr. 42, D-10115 Berlin, Germany; (M.L.); (P.M.)
| | - Daniel Huster
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, Härtelstr. 16-18, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany; (J.K.); (D.H.)
| | - Peter Müller
- Department of Biology, Humboldt University Berlin, Invalidenstr. 42, D-10115 Berlin, Germany; (M.L.); (P.M.)
| | - Holger A. Scheidt
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, Härtelstr. 16-18, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany; (J.K.); (D.H.)
- Correspondence:
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Efimova SS, Ostroumova OS. The Disordering Effect of Plant Metabolites on Model Lipid Membranes of Various Thickness. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990519x2005003x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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10
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Schrenk D, Bignami M, Bodin L, Chipman JK, del Mazo J, Hogstrand C, Hoogenboom L(R, Leblanc J, Nebbia CS, Nielsen E, Ntzani E, Petersen A, Sand S, Schwerdtle T, Vleminckx C, Wallace H, Brimer L, Cottrill B, Dusemund B, Mulder P, Vollmer G, Binaglia M, Ramos Bordajandi L, Riolo F, Roldán‐Torres R, Grasl‐Kraupp B. Risk assessment of glycoalkaloids in feed and food, in particular in potatoes and potato-derived products. EFSA J 2020; 18:e06222. [PMID: 32788943 PMCID: PMC7417869 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2020.6222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The European Commission asked EFSA for a scientific opinion on the risks for animal and human health related to the presence of glycoalkaloids (GAs) in feed and food. This risk assessment covers edible parts of potato plants and other food plants containing GAs, in particular, tomato and aubergine. In humans, acute toxic effects of potato GAs (α-solanine and α-chaconine) include gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea. For these effects, the CONTAM Panel identified a lowest-observed-adverse-effect level of 1 mg total potato GAs/kg body weight (bw) per day as a reference point for the risk characterisation following acute exposure. In humans, no evidence of health problems associated with repeated or long-term intake of GAs via potatoes has been identified. No reference point for chronic exposure could be identified from the experimental animal studies. Occurrence data were available only for α-solanine and α-chaconine, mostly for potatoes. The acute dietary exposure to potato GAs was estimated using a probabilistic approach and applying processing factors for food. Due to the limited data available, a margin of exposure (MOE) approach was applied. The MOEs for the younger age groups indicate a health concern for the food consumption surveys with the highest mean exposure, as well as for the P95 exposure in all surveys. For adult age groups, the MOEs indicate a health concern only for the food consumption surveys with the highest P95 exposures. For tomato and aubergine GAs, the risk to human health could not be characterised due to the lack of occurrence data and the limited toxicity data. For horses, farm and companion animals, no risk characterisation for potato GAs could be performed due to insufficient data on occurrence in feed and on potential adverse effects of GAs in these species.
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Efimova SS, Zakharova AA, Ostroumova OS. Alkaloids Modulate the Functioning of Ion Channels Produced by Antimicrobial Agents via an Influence on the Lipid Host. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:537. [PMID: 32695785 PMCID: PMC7339123 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely recognized that an alteration in membrane physical properties induced by the adsorption of various drugs and biologically active compounds might greatly affect the functioning of peptides and proteins embedded in the membrane, in particular various ion channels. This study aimed to obtain deep insight into the diversity of the molecular mechanisms of membrane action of one of the most numerous and extremely important class of phytochemicals, the alkaloids. Protoalkaloids (derivatives of β-phenylethylamine, benzylamines, and colchicines), heterocyclic alkaloids (derivatives of purine, quinolysidine, piperidine, pyridine, quinoline, and isoquinoline), and steroid alkaloids were tested. We evaluated the effects of 22 compounds on lipid packing by investigating the thermotropic behavior of membrane lipids and the leakage of a fluorescent marker from unilamellar lipid vesicles. The alteration in the transmembrane distribution of the electrical potential was estimated by measuring the alkaloid induced changes in the boundary potential of planar lipid bilayers. We found that benzylamines, the chili pepper active components, capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin, strongly affect not only the elastic properties of the lipid host, but also its electrostatics by dramatic decrease in membrane dipole potential. We concluded that the increase in the conductance and lifetime of gramicidin A channels induced by benzylamines was related to alteration in membrane dipole potential not to decrease in membrane stiffness. A sharp decrease in the lifetime of single ion pores induced by the antifungal lipopeptide syringomycin E, after addition of benzylamines and black pepper alkaloid piperine, was also mainly due to the reduction in dipole potential. At the same time, we showed that the disordering of membrane lipids in the presence of benzylamines and piperine plays a decisive role in the regulation of the conductance induced by the antifungal polyene macrolide antibiotic nystatin, while the inhibition of steady-state transmembrane current produced by the antimicrobial peptide cecropin A was attributed to both the dipole potential drop and membrane lipid disordering in the presence of pepper alkaloids. These data might lead to a better understanding of the biological activity of alkaloids, especially their action on voltage-gated and mechanosensitive ion channels in cell membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana S Efimova
- Laboratory of Membrane and Ion Channel Modeling, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anastasiia A Zakharova
- Laboratory of Membrane and Ion Channel Modeling, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga S Ostroumova
- Laboratory of Membrane and Ion Channel Modeling, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
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Mazur M, Włoch A, Bahri F, Pruchnik H, Pawlak A, Obmińska-Mrukowicz B, Maciejewska G, Gładkowski W. Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Enantiomeric, Bicyclic δ-Halo-γ-lactones with a Cyclohexane Ring, Their Biological Activity and Interaction with Biological Membranes. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10010095. [PMID: 31935977 PMCID: PMC7022392 DOI: 10.3390/biom10010095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Starting from 1-acetyl-1-cyclohexene, three enantiomeric pairs (ee ≥99%) of bicyclic δ-halo-γ-lactones with cyclohexane ring were obtained in five-step synthesis. The key stereochemical steps were lipase-catalyzed kinetic resolution of racemic 1-(cyclohex-1-en-1-yl) ethanol followed by transfer of chirality to ethyl 2-(2-ethylidenecyclohexyl) acetate in the Johnson-Claisen rearrangement. Synthesized halolactones exhibited antiproliferative activity towards canine B-cell leukemia cells (GL-1) and canine B-cell chronic leukemia cells (CLB70) and the most potent (IC50 18.43 ± 1.46 μg/mL against GL-1, IC50 11.40 ± 0.40 μg/mL against CLB70) comparable with the control etoposide, was (1R,6R,1'S)-1-(1'-chloroethyl)-9- oxabicyclo[4.3.0]nonan-8-one (8b). All halolactones did not have a toxic effect on erythrocytes and did not change the fluidity of membranes in the hydrophobic region of the lipid bilayer. Only weak changes in the hydrophilic area were observed, like the degree of lipid packing and associated hydration. The racemic halolactones were also tested for their antimicrobial properties and found to exhibit selectivity towards bacteria, in particular, towards Proteus mirabilis ATCC 35659.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelina Mazur
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-713205197
| | - Aleksandra Włoch
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.W.); (H.P.)
| | - Fouad Bahri
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Abd El Hamid Ibn Badiss of Mostaganem, Mostaganem 27000, Algeria;
| | - Hanna Pruchnik
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.W.); (H.P.)
| | - Aleksandra Pawlak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.P.); (B.O.-M.)
| | - Bożena Obmińska-Mrukowicz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.P.); (B.O.-M.)
| | - Gabriela Maciejewska
- Central Laboratory of the Instrumental Analysis, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Witold Gładkowski
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland;
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13
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Zhu L, Lu Y, Sun Z, Han J, Tan Z. The application of an aqueous two-phase system combined with ultrasonic cell disruption extraction and HPLC in the simultaneous separation and analysis of solanine and Solanum nigrum polysaccharide from Solanum nigrum unripe fruit. Food Chem 2019; 304:125383. [PMID: 31479997 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An aqueous two-phase system was used in conjunction with ultrasonic cell disruption to extract and separate solanine (mainly solasonine and solamargine) and Solanum nigrum polysaccharide from Solanum nigrum unripe fruit. The optimized conditions of the present study were determined by a single-factor experiment and a multifactor experiment. The concentration of ethanol was set at 60% and the duration of the ultrasonic cell disruption extraction was 50 min. In the ethanol-K2CO3 aqueous two-phase separation system, the concentration of ethanol was 36%, the concentration of K2CO3 was 0.21 mg·mL-1, and the temperature was 15 °C. The solasonine and solamargine were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography, and the Solanum nigrum polysaccharide was determined by an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer in accordance with the phenol-sulfuric acid method. xUnder optimized conditions, the average extraction efficiencies of solasonine, solamargine and Solanum nigrum polysaccharide were 95.86%, 95.95% and 96.95%, respectively, and the average separation efficiencies of solasonine, solamargine and Solanum nigrum polysaccharide were 2.07 mg·g-1, 2.05 mg·g-1 and 8.15 mg·g-1, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Preparation and Application of Environmental Friendly Materials, Jilin Normal University, Ministry of Education, Siping 136000, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Numerical Simulation, Jilin Normal University, 1301 Haifeng Street, Siping 136000, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Preparation and Application of Environmental Friendly Materials, Jilin Normal University, Ministry of Education, Siping 136000, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Numerical Simulation, Jilin Normal University, 1301 Haifeng Street, Siping 136000, China.
| | - Zhuo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Preparation and Application of Environmental Friendly Materials, Jilin Normal University, Ministry of Education, Siping 136000, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Numerical Simulation, Jilin Normal University, 1301 Haifeng Street, Siping 136000, China
| | - Juan Han
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Zhenjiang Tan
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Numerical Simulation, Jilin Normal University, 1301 Haifeng Street, Siping 136000, China
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14
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Njume C, Donkor O, McAinch AJ. Predisposing factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus and the potential protective role of native plants with functional properties. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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15
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Pruchnik H, Włoch A, Bonarska-Kujawa D, Kleszczyńska H. An In Vitro Study of the Effect of Cytotoxic Triorganotin Dimethylaminophenylazobenzoate Complexes on Red Blood Cells. J Membr Biol 2018; 251:735-745. [PMID: 30350012 PMCID: PMC6244762 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-018-0051-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Interactions of tributyltin (TBTA) and triphenyltin (TPhTA) 2-[4 (dimethylamino)phenylazo]benzoates, showing promising cytostatic activity against tumor cells, with erythrocytes and with erythrocyte membranes and model lipid membranes have been investigated. The effect of TBTA and TPhTA on the erythrocyte and its model membrane was investigated by the microscopic and spectroscopic methods. Interaction of tin complexes with the membrane was determined on the basis of hemolytic activity, changes induced in the shape of erythrocytes, as well as physicochemical parameters of the membrane, such as fluidity. The studies showed that the compounds in higher concentration induce hemolysis; however, TBTA is more toxic than TPhTA. Both TBTA and TPhTA induce morphological alterations in red blood cells-from discocytes to spherocytes and from discocytes to echinocytes. The results suggest that investigated complexes interact with the erythrocyte membrane, change its properties, and probably locate themselves in the hydrophilic part of the membrane, which agrees with conclusions drawn from investigation of erythrocyte membranes and model lipid membranes with the help of fluorescence and infrared spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Pruchnik
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. C.K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Włoch
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. C.K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Dorota Bonarska-Kujawa
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. C.K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Halina Kleszczyńska
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. C.K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
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16
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Strugała P, Loi S, Bażanów B, Kuropka P, Kucharska AZ, Włoch A, Gabrielska J. A Comprehensive Study on the Biological Activity of Elderberry Extract and Cyanidin 3- O-Glucoside and Their Interactions with Membranes and Human Serum Albumin. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102566. [PMID: 30297646 PMCID: PMC6222845 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In our research we used the extract from dietary supplement of elderberry (EE) and its dominant anthocyanin—cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (Cy 3-gluc). By interacting with a model membrane that reflects the main lipid composition of tumor membranes, the extract components, including Cy 3-gluc, caused an increase in packing order, mainly in the hydrophilic region of the membrane. It can thus be stated that EE caused a rigidifying effect, which is fundamental for understanding its anticancer and antioxidant activity. This study represents the first attempt to unravel the mechanism of interaction of elderberry extract with membranes. The results of the interaction with human serum albumin (HSA) proved that the studied substance quenches the fluorescence of HSA through a static mechanism in which the main interaction forces are Van der Waals and hydrogen bonding. The antioxidant activity of EE and Cy 3-gluc on liposomal membranes, antiradical properties and ability to inhibited the activity of the enzymes cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 were also demonstrated. Moreover, the anticancer activity of EE and Cy 3-gluc on human breast adenocarcinoma cell line were investigated. In addition, EE also exhibited the ability to form lipid aggregates in the form of liposomal capsules that can be applied as carriers of active biological substances, and the highest efficacy of EE encapsulation was obtained for multilayered liposome formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Strugała
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Sabrina Loi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria S.S. 554, Km 4.5, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Barbara Bażanów
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 31, 51-375 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Piotr Kuropka
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Alicja Z Kucharska
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, J. Chełmońskiego 37/41, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Włoch
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Janina Gabrielska
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
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17
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Karam D, Swiatkowski S, Purohit P, Agrawal B. High-dose steroids as a therapeutic option in the management of spur cell haemolytic anaemia. BMJ Case Rep 2018; 2018:bcr-2017-223281. [PMID: 29386216 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2017-223281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Spur cell haemolytic anaemia (SCA) is a form of anaemia that can be seen in patients with severely impaired liver function or advanced cirrhosis. It is associated with high mortality. The treatment options for SCA secondary to cirrhosis are limited. Our patient is a middle-aged man who developed SCA and was not a candidate for liver transplantation or splenectomy. High-dose steroids helped ameliorate haemolysis and improve anaemia and general condition of our patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhauna Karam
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hemato-Oncology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sean Swiatkowski
- Captain James A. Lovell Federal Health Care Center, North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Pant Purohit
- Medical Oncology/Medicine, Captain James A. Lovell Federal Health Care Center, North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Bharat Agrawal
- Medical Oncology/Medicine, Captain James A. Lovell Federal Health Care Center, North Chicago, Illinois, USA
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18
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A Reliable and Reproducible Model for Assessing the Effect of Different Concentrations of α-Solanine on Rat Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells. BONE MARROW RESEARCH 2017; 2017:2170306. [PMID: 29201465 PMCID: PMC5671669 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2170306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Αlpha-solanine (α-solanine) is a glycoalkaloid present in potato (Solanum tuberosum). It has been of particular interest because of its toxicity and potential teratogenic effects that include abnormalities of the central nervous system, such as exencephaly, encephalocele, and anophthalmia. Various types of cell culture have been used as experimental models to determine the effect of α-solanine on cell physiology. The morphological changes in the mesenchymal stem cell upon exposure to α-solanine have not been established. This study aimed to describe a reliable and reproducible model for assessing the structural changes induced by exposure of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to different concentrations of α-solanine for 24 h. The results demonstrate that nonlethal concentrations of α-solanine (2-6 μM) changed the morphology of the cells, including an increase in the number of nucleoli, suggesting elevated protein synthesis, and the formation of spicules. In addition, treatment with α-solanine reduced the number of adherent cells and the formation of colonies in culture. Immunophenotypic characterization and staining of MSCs are proposed as a reproducible method that allows description of cells exposed to the glycoalkaloid, α-solanine.
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19
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Dahlin P, Müller MC, Ekengren S, McKee LS, Bulone V. The Impact of Steroidal Glycoalkaloids on the Physiology of Phytophthora infestans, the Causative Agent of Potato Late Blight. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2017; 30:531-542. [PMID: 28510502 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-09-16-0186-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Steroidal glycoalkaloids (SGAs) are plant secondary metabolites known to be toxic to animals and humans and that have putative roles in defense against pests. The proposed mechanisms of SGA toxicity are sterol-mediated disruption of membranes and inhibition of cholinesterase activity in neurons. It has been suggested that phytopathogenic microorganisms can overcome SGA toxicity by enzymatic deglycosylation of SGAs. Here, we have explored SGA-mediated toxicity toward the invasive oomycete Phytophthora infestans, the causative agent of the late blight disease in potato and tomato, as well as the potential for SGA deglycosylation by this species. Our growth studies indicate that solanidine, the nonglycosylated precursor of the potato SGAs α-chaconine and α-solanine, has a greater physiological impact than its glycosylated forms. All of these compounds were incorporated into the mycelium, but only solanidine could strongly inhibit the growth of P. infestans in liquid culture. Genes encoding several glycoside hydrolases with potential activity on SGAs were identified in the genome of P. infestans and were shown to be expressed. However, we found no indication that deglycosylation of SGAs takes place. We present additional evidence for apparent host-specific adaptation to potato SGAs and assess all results in terms of future pathogen management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Dahlin
- 1 Division of Glycoscience, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), AlbaNova University Centre, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- 2 Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marion C Müller
- 1 Division of Glycoscience, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), AlbaNova University Centre, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- 2 Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sophia Ekengren
- 1 Division of Glycoscience, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), AlbaNova University Centre, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- 2 Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lauren S McKee
- 1 Division of Glycoscience, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), AlbaNova University Centre, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- 3 Wallenberg Wood Science Centre, Division of Glycoscience, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), AlbaNova University Centre, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; and
| | - Vincent Bulone
- 1 Division of Glycoscience, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), AlbaNova University Centre, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- 4 ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls and School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA 5064 Australia
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20
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Strugała P, Dudra A, Gabrielska J. Interaction between Mimic Lipid Membranes and Acylated and Nonacylated Cyanidin and Its Bioactivity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:7414-7422. [PMID: 27624410 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b03066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of acylated cyanidin-3-O-β-(6″-O-E-p-coumaroyl-sambubioside)-5-O-β-glucoside (C3-cs-5G) and nonacylated cyanidin, cyanidin-3,5-di-O-β-glucoside (C3,5G) and cyanidin-3-O-β-glucoside (C3G), on cell-mimic membranes (MM) that reflected the membrane lipid composition of tumor cells. The relationship between structural derivatives of cyanidin (Cy-d), membrane interactivity, their antioxidant activity, and interaction with albumin were characterized. Studies showed that Cy-d caused an increase in packing order mainly in the hydrophilic region of the membranes. Cy-d have shown high antioxidant activity against liposome oxidation induced by AAPH and ability to bind to albumin through a static quenching mechanism. The results showed that glycosylation number and the presence of aromatic acid attached to sugars affected the membrane properties, according to the sequence C3-cs-5G > C3,5G > C3G. It can be stated that Cy-d in the process of interaction with MM caused a rigidifying effect, which is fundamental for understanding their anticancer and antioxidant activity and is one of the possible pharmaceutical mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Strugała
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences , C.K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Dudra
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences , C.K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Janina Gabrielska
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences , C.K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
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21
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Manrique-Moreno M, Heinbockel L, Suwalsky M, Garidel P, Brandenburg K. Biophysical study of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) ibuprofen, naproxen and diclofenac with phosphatidylserine bilayer membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2016; 1858:2123-2131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2016.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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22
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Antioxidant Capacity of Gallic Acid in vitro Assayed on Human Erythrocytes. J Membr Biol 2016; 249:769-779. [DOI: 10.1007/s00232-016-9924-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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23
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Adamski Z, Radtke K, Kopiczko A, Chowański S, Marciniak P, Szymczak M, Spochacz M, Falabella P, Lelario F, Scrano L, Bufo SA. Ultrastructural and developmental toxicity of potato and tomato leaf extracts to beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (lepidoptera: noctuidae). Microsc Res Tech 2016; 79:948-958. [PMID: 27440448 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Beet Armyworm, Spodoptera exigua is a herbivorous moth and a serious pest of many economically important plants, which are used as food sources. Because of rigorous standards of food quality, usage of synthetic insecticides in crop protection, against pests, is limited. Solanaceae plant extracts may be a relatively cheap source of efficient natural insecticides that can limit usage of synthetic substances. Their biological activity is not fully known. In particular, ultrastructural studies, using transmission electron microscopy, are not usual. In the present article we describe the effects of sublethal concentrations of tomato and potato leaf extracts against S. exigua. Acute lethal effects were not observed. Both extracts exerted similar effects within midgut and fat body cells. Midgut cells were not significantly altered while fat body cells showed prominent swelling of nuclear envelope and endoplasmic reticulum, vacuolization of mitochondria and fusion of fat droplets. These changes were much more intensive within groups exposed to potato than tomato extracts at highest concentration at least. Light microscopy was used to observe and document developmental alterations of S. exigua exposed to potato and tomato leaf extracts. Potato leaf extracts significantly decreased hatching success and caused morphological malformations of imagoes. Among them, malformations of wings were the most prominent. Interestingly, these effects were not observed within populations exposed to tomato extracts at highest concentration at least.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zbigniew Adamski
- Department of Animal Physiology and Development, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Umultowska 89, Poznan, 61-614, Poland. .,Electron and Confocal Microscope Laboratory, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Umultowska 89, Poznan, 61-614, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Radtke
- Department of Animal Physiology and Development, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Umultowska 89, Poznan, 61-614, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kopiczko
- Department of Animal Physiology and Development, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Umultowska 89, Poznan, 61-614, Poland
| | - Szymon Chowański
- Department of Animal Physiology and Development, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Umultowska 89, Poznan, 61-614, Poland
| | - Paweł Marciniak
- Department of Animal Physiology and Development, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Umultowska 89, Poznan, 61-614, Poland
| | - Monika Szymczak
- Department of Animal Physiology and Development, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Umultowska 89, Poznan, 61-614, Poland
| | - Marta Spochacz
- Department of Animal Physiology and Development, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Umultowska 89, Poznan, 61-614, Poland
| | | | - Filomena Lelario
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - Laura Scrano
- Department of European and Mediterranean Cultures, University of Basilicata, Matera, Italy
| | - Sabino A Bufo
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
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24
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Suwalsky M, Ramírez P, Avello M, Villena F, Gallardo MJ, Barriga A, Manrique-Moreno M. Morphological Effects and Antioxidant Capacity of Solanum crispum (Natre) In Vitro Assayed on Human Erythrocytes. J Membr Biol 2016; 249:349-61. [PMID: 26809653 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-016-9873-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In order to gain insight into the molecular mechanism of the antioxidant properties of Solanum crispum, aqueous extracts of its leaves were assayed on human erythrocytes and molecular models of its membrane. Phenolics and alkaloids were detected by HPLC-MS. Scanning electron and defocusing microscopy showed that S. crispum changed erythrocytes from the normal shape to echinocytes. These results imply that molecules present in the aqueous extracts were located in the outer monolayer of the erythrocyte membrane. Dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and dimyristoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DMPE) were chosen as representative of phospholipid classes located in the outer and inner monolayers of the erythrocyte membrane, respectively. X-ray diffraction showed that S. crispum preferentially interacted with DMPC bilayers. Experiments regarding its antioxidant properties showed that S. crispum neutralized the oxidative capacity of HClO on DMPE bilayers; defocusing microscopy and hemolysis assays demonstrated the protective effect of S. crispum against the oxidant effects of HClO on human erythrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Suwalsky
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
| | - Patricia Ramírez
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Marcia Avello
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Fernando Villena
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - María José Gallardo
- Center for Optics and Photonics, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Andrés Barriga
- Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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25
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Physical Effects of Buckwheat Extract on Biological Membrane In Vitro and Its Protective Properties. J Membr Biol 2015; 249:155-70. [PMID: 26581904 PMCID: PMC4851706 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-015-9857-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Buckwheat is a valuable source of many biologically active compounds and nutrients. It has properties that reduce blood cholesterol levels, and so reduces the risk of atherosclerosis, seals the capillaries, and lowers blood pressure. The aim of the study was to determine quantitative and qualitative characteristics of polyphenols contained in extracts from buckwheat husks and stalks, the biological activity of the extracts, and biophysical effects of their interaction with the erythrocyte membrane, treated as a model of the cell. An analysis of the extract’s composition has shown that buckwheat husk and stalk extracts are a rich source of polyphenolic compounds, the stalk extracts showing more compounds than the husk extract. The study allowed to determine the location which incorporated polyphenols occupy in the erythrocyte membrane and changes in the membrane properties caused by them. It was found that the extracts do not induce hemolysis of red blood cells, causing an increase in osmotic resistance of erythrocytes. They affect mainly the hydrophilic region by changing the degree of order of the polar heads of lipids, but do little to change the fluidity of the membrane and its hydration. The results showed also that polyphenolic substances included in the extracts well protect the membranes of red blood cells against oxidation and exhibit anti-inflammatory effect.
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26
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Suwalsky M, Jemiola-Rzeminska M, Astudillo C, Gallardo MJ, Staforelli JP, Villena F, Strzalka K. An in vitro study on the antioxidant capacity of usnic acid on human erythrocytes and molecular models of its membrane. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2015; 1848:2829-38. [PMID: 26299817 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2015.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Usnic acid (UA) has been associated with chronic diseases through its antioxidant action. Its main target is the cell membrane; however, its effect on that of human erythrocytes has been scarcely investigated. To gain insight into the molecular mechanisms of the interaction between UA and cell membranes human erythrocytes and molecular models of its membrane have been utilized. Dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and dimyristoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DMPE) were chosen as representative of phospholipid classes located in the outer and inner monolayers of the erythrocyte membrane, respectively. Results by X-ray diffraction showed that UA produced structural perturbations on DMPC and DMPE bilayers. DSC studies have indicated that thermotropic behavior of DMPE was most strongly distorted by UA than DMPC, whereas the latter is mainly affected on the pretransition. Scanning electron (SEM) and defocusing microscopy (DM) showed that UA induced alterations to erythrocytes from the normal discoid shape to echinocytes. These results imply that UA molecules were located in the outer monolayer of the erythrocyte membrane. Results of its antioxidant properties showed that UA neutralized the oxidative capacity of HClO on DMPC and DMPE bilayers; SEM, DM and hemolysis assays demonstrated the protective effect of UA against the deleterious oxidant effects of HClO upon human erythrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Suwalsky
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
| | - M Jemiola-Rzeminska
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland; Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - C Astudillo
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - M J Gallardo
- Center for Optics and Photonics, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - J P Staforelli
- Center for Optics and Photonics, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - F Villena
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - K Strzalka
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland; Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
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27
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Kozanecka W, Mrówczyńska L, Pospieszny T, Jasiewicz B, Gierszewski M. Synthesis, spectroscopy, theoretical and biological studies of new gramine-steroids salts and conjugates. Steroids 2015; 98:92-9. [PMID: 25777948 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2014] [Revised: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
New gramine connections with bile acids (lithocholic, deoxycholic, cholic) and sterols (cholesterol, cholestanol) were synthesized. The structures of products were confirmed by spectral (NMR, FT-IR) analysis, mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) as well as PM5 semiempirical methods. Unexpectedly, the products of the reaction of gramine with cholesterol and cholestanol were symmetrical compounds consisting of two molecules of sterols connected by N(CH3)2 group. All new synthesized compounds interact in vitro with the human erythrocyte membrane and alter discoid erythrocyte shape inducing stomatocytosis or echinocytosis. Increase in the incorporation of the fluorescent dye merocyanine 540 (MC540) into the erythrocyte membrane indicates that new compounds at sublytic concentrations are capable of disturbing membrane phospholipids asymmetry and loosening the molecular packing of phospholipids in the bilayer. Gramine significantly decreases the membrane partitioning properties as well as haemolytic activity of lithocholic acid in its new salt. Moreover, both deoxycholic and cholic acids completely lost their membrane perturbing activities in the gramine salts. On the other hand, the capacity of new gramine-sterols connections to alter the erythrocyte membrane structure and its permeability is much higher in comparison with sterols alone. The dual effect of gramine on the bile acid and sterols cell membrane partitioning activity observed in our study should not be neglected in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Kozanecka
- Faculty of Chemistry, A. Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89b, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Lucyna Mrówczyńska
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, A. Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Tomasz Pospieszny
- Faculty of Chemistry, A. Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89b, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Beata Jasiewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, A. Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89b, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Mateusz Gierszewski
- Faculty of Chemistry, A. Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89b, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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28
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Pajnič M, Drašler B, Šuštar V, Krek JL, Štukelj R, Šimundić M, Kononenko V, Makovec D, Hägerstrand H, Drobne D, Kralj-Iglič V. Effect of carbon black nanomaterial on biological membranes revealed by shape of human erythrocytes, platelets and phospholipid vesicles. J Nanobiotechnology 2015; 13:28. [PMID: 25886274 PMCID: PMC4391140 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-015-0087-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We studied the effect of carbon black (CB) agglomerated nanomaterial on biological membranes as revealed by shapes of human erythrocytes, platelets and giant phospholipid vesicles. Diluted human blood was incubated with CB nanomaterial and observed by different microscopic techniques. Giant unilamellar phospholipid vesicles (GUVs) created by electroformation were incubated with CB nanomaterial and observed by optical microscopy. Populations of erythrocytes and GUVs were analyzed: the effect of CB nanomaterial was assessed by the average number and distribution of erythrocyte shape types (discocytes, echinocytes, stomatocytes) and of vesicles in test suspensions, with respect to control suspensions. Ensembles of representative images were created and analyzed using computer aided image processing and statistical methods. In a population study, blood of 14 healthy human donors was incubated with CB nanomaterial. Blood cell parameters (concentration of different cell types, their volumes and distributions) were assessed. RESULTS We found that CB nanomaterial formed micrometer-sized agglomerates in citrated and phosphate buffered saline, in diluted blood and in blood plasma. These agglomerates interacted with erythrocyte membranes but did not affect erythrocyte shape locally or globally. CB nanomaterial agglomerates were found to mediate attractive interaction between blood cells and to present seeds for formation of agglomerate - blood cells complexes. Distortion of disc shape of resting platelets due to incubation with CB nanomaterial was not observed. CB nanomaterial induced bursting of GUVs while the shape of the remaining vesicles was on the average more elongated than in control suspension, indicating indirect osmotic effects of CB nanomaterial. CONCLUSIONS CB nanomaterial interacts with membranes of blood cells but does not have a direct effect on local or global membrane shape in physiological in vitro conditions. Blood cells and GUVs are convenient and ethically acceptable methods for the study of effects of various substances on biological membranes and therefrom derived effects on organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manca Pajnič
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Health Sciences, Zdravstvena pot 5, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia.
| | - Barbara Drašler
- Group of Nanobiology and Nanotoxicology, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Večna pot 111, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia.
| | - Vid Šuštar
- Lymphocyte Cytoskeleton Group, Institute of Biomedicine/Pathology, BioCity, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6B, Turku, SF-20520, Finland.
| | - Judita Lea Krek
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Health Sciences, Zdravstvena pot 5, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia.
| | - Roman Štukelj
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Health Sciences, Zdravstvena pot 5, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia.
| | - Metka Šimundić
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Health Sciences, Zdravstvena pot 5, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia.
| | - Veno Kononenko
- Group of Nanobiology and Nanotoxicology, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Večna pot 111, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia.
| | - Darko Makovec
- J. Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia.
| | - Henry Hägerstrand
- Department of Biosciences, BioCity, Åbo Akademi University, BioCity, Artillerigatan 6, Åbo/Turku, SF-20520, Finland.
| | - Damjana Drobne
- Group of Nanobiology and Nanotoxicology, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Večna pot 111, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia.
| | - Veronika Kralj-Iglič
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Health Sciences, Zdravstvena pot 5, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia.
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29
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Suwalsky M, F.Villena, Gallardo M. In vitro protective effects of resveratrol against oxidative damage in human erythrocytes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2015; 1848:76-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2014.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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