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Gaio P, Cramer A, de Melo Oliveira NF, Porto S, Kramer L, Nonato Rabelo RA, Pereira RDD, de Oliveira Santos LL, Nascimento Barbosa CL, Silva Oliveira FM, Martins Teixeira M, Castro Russo R, Matos MJ, Simão Machado F. N-(coumarin-3-yl)cinnamamide Promotes Immunomodulatory, Neuroprotective, and Lung Function-Preserving Effects during Severe Malaria. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 17:46. [PMID: 38256880 PMCID: PMC10821074 DOI: 10.3390/ph17010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium berghei ANKA (PbA) infection in mice resembles several aspects of severe malaria in humans, such as cerebral malaria and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Herein, the effects of N-(coumarin-3-yl)cinnamamide (M220) against severe experimental malaria have been investigated. Treatment with M220 proved to protect cognitive abilities and lung function in PbA-infected mice, observed by an object recognition test and spirometry, respectively. In addition, treated mice demonstrated decreased levels of brain and lung inflammation. The production and accumulation of microglia, and immune cells that produce the inflammatory cytokines TNF and IFN-γ, decreased, while the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 by innate and adaptive immune cells was enhanced. Treatment with M220 promotes immunomodulatory, neuroprotective, and lung function-preserving effects during experimental severe malaria. Therefore, it may be an interesting therapeutic candidate to treat severe malaria effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Gaio
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Science, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (P.G.); (A.C.); (N.F.d.M.O.); (S.P.); (L.K.); (R.A.N.R.); (R.d.D.P.); (L.L.d.O.S.); (M.M.T.)
| | - Allysson Cramer
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Science, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (P.G.); (A.C.); (N.F.d.M.O.); (S.P.); (L.K.); (R.A.N.R.); (R.d.D.P.); (L.L.d.O.S.); (M.M.T.)
| | - Natália Fernanda de Melo Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Science, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (P.G.); (A.C.); (N.F.d.M.O.); (S.P.); (L.K.); (R.A.N.R.); (R.d.D.P.); (L.L.d.O.S.); (M.M.T.)
| | - Samuel Porto
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Science, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (P.G.); (A.C.); (N.F.d.M.O.); (S.P.); (L.K.); (R.A.N.R.); (R.d.D.P.); (L.L.d.O.S.); (M.M.T.)
| | - Lucas Kramer
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Science, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (P.G.); (A.C.); (N.F.d.M.O.); (S.P.); (L.K.); (R.A.N.R.); (R.d.D.P.); (L.L.d.O.S.); (M.M.T.)
| | - Rayane Aparecida Nonato Rabelo
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Science, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (P.G.); (A.C.); (N.F.d.M.O.); (S.P.); (L.K.); (R.A.N.R.); (R.d.D.P.); (L.L.d.O.S.); (M.M.T.)
| | - Rafaela das Dores Pereira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Science, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (P.G.); (A.C.); (N.F.d.M.O.); (S.P.); (L.K.); (R.A.N.R.); (R.d.D.P.); (L.L.d.O.S.); (M.M.T.)
| | - Laura Lis de Oliveira Santos
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Science, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (P.G.); (A.C.); (N.F.d.M.O.); (S.P.); (L.K.); (R.A.N.R.); (R.d.D.P.); (L.L.d.O.S.); (M.M.T.)
| | - César Luís Nascimento Barbosa
- Program in Health Sciences, Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine/Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil;
| | - Fabrício Marcus Silva Oliveira
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Group, René Rachou Institute, Oswald o Cruz Foundation—FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte 30190-002, MG, Brazil;
| | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Science, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (P.G.); (A.C.); (N.F.d.M.O.); (S.P.); (L.K.); (R.A.N.R.); (R.d.D.P.); (L.L.d.O.S.); (M.M.T.)
- Program in Health Sciences, Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine/Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil;
| | - Remo Castro Russo
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunology and Mechanics, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil;
| | - Maria João Matos
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Fabiana Simão Machado
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Science, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (P.G.); (A.C.); (N.F.d.M.O.); (S.P.); (L.K.); (R.A.N.R.); (R.d.D.P.); (L.L.d.O.S.); (M.M.T.)
- Program in Health Sciences, Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine/Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil;
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SOCS2 regulates alveolar bone loss in Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans-induced periodontal disease. Inflamm Res 2023; 72:859-873. [PMID: 36912916 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01711-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The role of suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS2) in Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa)-induced alveolar bone loss is unknown; thus, it was investigated in this study. METHODS Alveolar bone loss was induced by infecting C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) and Socs2-knockout (Socs2-/-) mice with Aa. Bone parameters, bone loss, bone cell counts, the expression of bone remodeling markers, and cytokine profile were evaluated by microtomography, histology, qPCR, and/or ELISA. Bone marrow cells (BMC) from WT and Socs2-/- mice were differentiated in osteoblasts or osteoclasts for analysis of the expression of specific markers. RESULTS Socs2-/- mice intrinsically exhibited irregular phenotypes in the maxillary bone and an increased number of osteoclasts. Upon Aa infection, SOCS2 deficiency resulted in the increased alveolar bone loss, despite decreased proinflammatory cytokine production, in comparison to the WT mice. In vitro, SOCS2 deficiency resulted in the increased osteoclasts formation, decreased expression of bone remodeling markers, and proinflammatory cytokines after Aa-LPS stimulus. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, data suggest that SOCS2 is a regulator of Aa-induced alveolar bone loss by controlling the differentiation and activity of bone cells, and proinflammatory cytokines availability in the periodontal microenvironment and an important target for new therapeutic strategies. Thus, it can be helpful in preventing alveolar bone loss in periodontal inflammatory conditions.
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Li JX, Liao WZ, Huang ZM, Yin X, Ouyang S, Gu B, Guo XG. Identifying effective diagnostic biomarkers for childhood cerebral malaria in Africa integrating coexpression analysis with machine learning algorithm. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:76. [PMID: 36782344 PMCID: PMC9926768 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-022-00980-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral malaria (CM) is a manifestation of malaria caused by plasmodium infection. It has a high mortality rate and severe neurological sequelae, existing a significant research gap and requiring further study at the molecular level. METHODS We downloaded the GSE117613 dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to determine the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the CM group and the control group. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was applied to select the module and hub genes most relevant to CM. The common genes of the key module and DEGs were selected to perform further analysis. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression and support vector machine recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) were applied to screen and verify the diagnostic markers of CM. Eventually, the hub genes were validated in the external dataset. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was applied to investigate the possible roles of the hub genes. RESULTS The GO and KEGG results showed that DEGs were enriched in some neutrophil-mediated pathways and associated with some lumen structures. Combining LASSO and the SVM-RFE algorithms, LEF1 and IRAK3 were identified as potential hub genes in CM. Through the GSEA enrichment results, we found that LEF1 and IRAK3 participated in maintaining the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which contributed to improving the prognosis of CM. CONCLUSIONS This study may help illustrate the pathophysiology of CM at the molecular level. LEF1 and IRAK3 can be used as diagnostic biomarkers, providing new insight into the diagnosis and prognosis prediction in pediatric CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xin Li
- grid.417009.b0000 0004 1758 4591Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150 China ,grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Department of Clinical Medicine, The First Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436 China
| | - Wan-Zhe Liao
- grid.417009.b0000 0004 1758 4591Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150 China ,grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Department of Clinical Medicine, The Nanshan College of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436 China
| | - Ze-Min Huang
- grid.417009.b0000 0004 1758 4591Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150 China ,grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Department of Clinical Medicine, The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436 China
| | - Xin Yin
- grid.417009.b0000 0004 1758 4591Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150 China ,grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Department of Pediatrics, The Pediatrics School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436 China
| | - Shi Ouyang
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Department of Infectious Disease, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150 China
| | - Bing Gu
- Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
| | - Xu-Guang Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China. .,Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clinical Rapid Diagnosis and Early Warning of Infectious Diseases, KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Cramer A, Galvão I, Venturini de Sá N, Gaio P, Fernanda de Melo Oliveira N, Rates Gonzaga Santos M, Henrique Campolina-Silva G, Vinicius Santos Valiate B, Rezende Souza F, Dantas Cassali G, Martins Teixeira M, Almeida Amaral F, Simão Machado F. Role of Suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 during the development and resolution of an experimental arthritis. Cell Immunol 2022; 372:104476. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2021.104476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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SOCS2 expression in hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells during Trypanosoma cruzi infection: Correlation with immune response and cardiac dysfunction. Clin Immunol 2021; 234:108913. [PMID: 34954347 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2021.108913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Chagas disease has a complex pathogenesis wherein the host immune response is essential for controlling its development. Suppressor of cytokine signaling(SOCS)2 is a crucial protein that regulates cytokine production. In this study, SOCS2 deficiency resulted in an initial imbalance of IL12- and IL-10-producing neutrophils and dendritic cells (DCs), which caused a long-lasting impact reducing inflammatory neutrophils and DCs, and tolerogenic DCs at the peak of acute disease. A reduced number of inflammatory and pro-resolving macrophages, and IL17A-producing CD4+ T cells, and increased lymphocyte apoptosis was found in SOCS2-deficient mice. Electrocardiogram analysis of chimeric mice showed that WT mice that received SOCS2 KO bone marrow transplantation presented increased heart dysfunction. Taken together, the results demonstrated that SOCS2 is a crucial regulator of the immune response during Trypanosoma cruzi infection, and suggest that a SOCS2 genetic polymorphism, or failure of its expression, may increase the susceptibility of cardiomyopathy development in Chagasic patients.
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Sobah ML, Liongue C, Ward AC. SOCS Proteins in Immunity, Inflammatory Diseases, and Immune-Related Cancer. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:727987. [PMID: 34604264 PMCID: PMC8481645 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.727987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokine signaling represents one of the cornerstones of the immune system, mediating the complex responses required to facilitate appropriate immune cell development and function that supports robust immunity. It is crucial that these signals be tightly regulated, with dysregulation underpinning immune defects, including excessive inflammation, as well as contributing to various immune-related malignancies. A specialized family of proteins called suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) participate in negative feedback regulation of cytokine signaling, ensuring it is appropriately restrained. The eight SOCS proteins identified regulate cytokine and other signaling pathways in unique ways. SOCS1–3 and CISH are most closely involved in the regulation of immune-related signaling, influencing processes such polarization of lymphocytes and the activation of myeloid cells by controlling signaling downstream of essential cytokines such as IL-4, IL-6, and IFN-γ. SOCS protein perturbation disrupts these processes resulting in the development of inflammatory and autoimmune conditions as well as malignancies. As a consequence, SOCS proteins are garnering increased interest as a unique avenue to treat these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clifford Liongue
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Institue of Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Alister C Ward
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Institue of Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
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Serranito B, Taurisson-Mouret D, Harkat S, Laoun A, Ouchene-Khelifi NA, Pompanon F, Benjelloun B, Cecchi G, Thevenon S, Lenstra JA, Da Silva A. Search for Selection Signatures Related to Trypanosomosis Tolerance in African Goats. Front Genet 2021; 12:715732. [PMID: 34413881 PMCID: PMC8369930 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.715732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Livestock is heavily affected by trypanosomosis in Africa. Through strong selective pressure, several African indigenous breeds of cattle and small ruminants have acquired varying degrees of tolerance against this disease. In this study, we combined LFMM and PCAdapt for analyzing two datasets of goats from West-Central Africa and East Africa, respectively, both comprising breeds with different assumed levels of trypanotolerance. The objectives were (i) to identify molecular signatures of selection related to trypanotolerance; and (ii) to guide an optimal sampling for subsequent studies. From 33 identified signatures, 18 had been detected previously in the literature as being mainly associated with climatic adaptations. The most plausible signatures of trypanotolerance indicate the genes DIS3L2, COPS7B, PD5A, UBE2K, and UBR1. The last gene is of particular interest since previous literature has already identified E3-ubiquitin ligases as playing a decisive role in the immune response. For following-up on these findings, the West-Central African area appears particularly relevant because of (i) a clear parasitic load gradient related to a humidity gradient, and (ii) still restricted admixture levels between goat breeds. This study illustrates the importance of protecting local breeds, which have retained unique allelic combinations conferring their remarkable adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Serranito
- Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CRESCO, Dinard, France
- University of Limoges, PEREINE, E2LIM, Limoges, France
| | | | - Sahraoui Harkat
- Science Veterinary Institute, University of Blida, Blida, Algeria
| | | | | | - François Pompanon
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, Grenoble, France
| | - Badr Benjelloun
- National Institute of Agronomic Research, Regional Centre of Agronomic Research, Beni-Mellal, Morocco
| | - Giuliano Cecchi
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Animal Production and Health Division, Rome, Italy
| | - Sophie Thevenon
- CIRAD, UMR INTERTRYP, Montpellier, France
- INTERTRYP, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Anne Da Silva
- University of Limoges, PEREINE, E2LIM, Limoges, France
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LAMP2A-mediated autophagy involved in Huntington's disease progression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 534:561-567. [PMID: 33239172 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is caused by a mutant huntingtin (mHtt) protein that contains abnormally extended polyglutamine (polyQ) repeats. The process of autophagy has been implicated in clearing mHtt aggregates, and microRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported as new players to regulate autophagy. However, the autophagy-associated target molecule of let7b miRNA remains unclear in HD. The present study showed that extended polyQ in mouse striatal neurons increased lysosomal membrane-associated protein 2A (LAMP2A) levels and influenced the inflammatory conditions, and these augmented levels correlated to the let7b miRNA expression level. The upregulated let7b increased LAMP2A and reduced the extended polyQ in mouse striatal cells. The let7b level was highly expressed in the striatum of pre-onset HD mice, whereas it was significantly reduced in the post-onset HD striatum. Considering the level changing pattern of let7b, LAMP2A protein levels were increased in the striatum of pre-onset HD mice, but decreased in the striatum of post-onset HD mice. These results suggest that LAMP2A related to chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) capacity might play an important role in HD symptom onset and progression.
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Schiess N, Villabona-Rueda A, Cottier KE, Huether K, Chipeta J, Stins MF. Pathophysiology and neurologic sequelae of cerebral malaria. Malar J 2020; 19:266. [PMID: 32703204 PMCID: PMC7376930 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-020-03336-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral malaria (CM), results from Plasmodium falciparum infection, and has a high mortality rate. CM survivors can retain life-long post CM sequelae, including seizures and neurocognitive deficits profoundly affecting their quality of life. As the Plasmodium parasite does not enter the brain, but resides inside erythrocytes and are confined to the lumen of the brain's vasculature, the neuropathogenesis leading to these neurologic sequelae is unclear and under-investigated. Interestingly, postmortem CM pathology differs in brain regions, such as the appearance of haemorragic punctae in white versus gray matter. Various host and parasite factors contribute to the risk of CM, including exposure at a young age, parasite- and host-related genetics, parasite sequestration and the extent of host inflammatory responses. Thus far, several proposed adjunctive treatments have not been successful in the treatment of CM but are highly needed. The region-specific CM neuro-pathogenesis leading to neurologic sequelae is intriguing, but not sufficiently addressed in research. More attention to this may lead to the development of effective adjunctive treatments to address CM neurologic sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoline Schiess
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St., Meyer 6-113, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Andres Villabona-Rueda
- Malaria Research Institute, Dept Molecular Microbiology Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Karissa E Cottier
- Malaria Research Institute, Dept Molecular Microbiology Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,BioIVT, 1450 South Rolling Road, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - James Chipeta
- Department of Paediatrics, University Teaching Hospital, Nationalist Road, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Monique F Stins
- Malaria Research Institute, Dept Molecular Microbiology Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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SOCS2 Inhibits Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidation via Suppressing LepR/JAK2/AMPK Signaling Pathway in Mouse Adipocytes. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:3742542. [PMID: 32733634 PMCID: PMC7376435 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3742542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS2) plays an important role in fat deposition, skeletal muscle, central nervous system development, and mitochondria biogenesis. Nevertheless, the regulatory mechanisms of SOCS2 on mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO) remain unclear. Leptin could inhibit food intake and increase thermogenesis through leptin receptor (LepR), which was present in the hypothalamus and certain peripheral organs, including adipose tissue. With strong interest, we focused on the connection between leptin and SOCS2 and their effect on FAO in adipocytes. In our study, we found that the mRNA level of SOCS2 and the protein levels of PGC-1α, CPT-1b, FAT, and p-ACC were elevated by leptin in the inguinal adipose tissue of mice. On the contrary, the protein levels of FABP4, FATP1, and FAS were declined. The genes related to fatty acid oxidation such as PGC-1α, NRF-1, TFAM, CPT-1b, AOX1, COX2, and UCP2 were attenuated by SOCS2, but elevated by leptin. Moreover, fatty acid oxidation enzyme MCAD, LCAD, and Cyt C levels were reduced in response to SOCS2. These reductions correspond well with the reduced release of free fatty acid and the reduction of mitochondrial complexes I and III by SOCS2. Furthermore, JAK2/AMPK pathway-specific inhibitors could block the mitochondrial FAO; hence, this pathway was implied to have a potential impact on FAO. Together, these studies suggested that SOCS2 had a negative effect on mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation, and the LepR/JAK2/AMPK pathway played a crucial role in this process.
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Role of SOCS2 in the Regulation of Immune Response and Development of the Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:1872593. [PMID: 31949423 PMCID: PMC6942913 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1872593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) is the most widely used animal model for the study of MS. The Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling (SOCS) 2 protein plays a critical role in regulating the immune responses. The role of SOCS2 during EAE has not been explored. EAE was induced in WT and SOCS2−/− mice using myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG35-55) peptide. Brain and spinal cord were examined during the peak (day 14) and recovery phase (day 28) of the disease. SOCS2 was upregulated in the brain of WT mice at the peak and recovery phase of EAE. The development of the acute phase was slower in onset in SOCS2−/− mice and was associated with reduced number of Th1 (CD3+CD4+IFN-γ+) cells in the spinal cord and brain. However, while in WT mice, maximal clinical EAE score was followed by a progressive recovery; the SOCS2−/− mice were unable to recover from locomotor impairment that occurred during the acute phase. There was a prolonged inflammatory response (increased Th1 and decreased Th2 and T regulatory cells) in the late phase of EAE in the CNS of SOCS2−/− mice. Transplantation of bone marrow cells from SOCS2−/− into irradiated WT mice resulted in higher lethality at the early phase of EAE. Altogether, these results suggest that SOCS2 plays a dual role in the immune response during EAE. It is necessary for damage during the acute phase damage but plays a beneficial role in the recovery stage of the disease.
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Val CH, de Oliveira MC, Lacerda DR, Barroso A, Batista NV, Menezes-Garcia Z, de Assis DRR, Cramer AT, Brant F, Teixeira MM, Glória Souza D, Ferreira AM, Machado FS. SOCS2 modulates adipose tissue inflammation and expansion in mice. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 76:108304. [PMID: 31816561 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.108304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity is usually triggered by a nutrient overload that favors adipocyte hypertrophy and increases the number of pro-inflammatory cells and mediators into adipose tissue. These mediators may be regulated by suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS), such as SOCS2, which is involved in the regulation of the inflammatory response of many diseases, but its role in obesity is not yet known. We aimed to investigate the role of SOCS2 in metabolic and inflammatory dysfunction induced by a high-refined carbohydrate-containing diet (HC). MATERIAL AND METHODS Male C57BL/6 wild type (WT) and SOCS2 deficient (SOCS2-/-) mice were fed chow or an HC diet for 8 weeks. RESULTS In general, SOCS2 deficient mice, independent of the diet, showed higher adipose tissue mass compared with their WT counterparts that were associated with decreased lipogenesis rate in adipose tissue, lipolysis in adipocyte culture and energy expenditure. An anti-inflammatory profile was observed in adipose tissue of SOCS2-/- by reduced secretion of cytokines, such as TNF and IL-6, and increased M2-like macrophages and regulatory T cells compared with WT mice. Also, SOCS2 deficiency reduced the differentiation/expansion of pro-inflammatory cells in the spleen but increased Th2 and Treg cells compared with their WT counterparts. CONCLUSION The SOCS2 protein is an important modulator of obesity that regulates the metabolic pathways related to adipocyte size. Additionally, SOCS2 is an inflammatory regulator that appears to be essential for controlling the release of cytokines and the differentiation/recruitment of cells into adipose tissue during the development of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Honorato Val
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Andreia Barroso
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Fátima Brant
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Fabiana Simão Machado
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Monti-Rocha R, Cramer A, Gaio Leite P, Antunes MM, Pereira RVS, Barroso A, Queiroz-Junior CM, David BA, Teixeira MM, Menezes GB, Machado FS. SOCS2 Is Critical for the Balancing of Immune Response and Oxidate Stress Protecting Against Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Injury. Front Immunol 2019; 9:3134. [PMID: 30723477 PMCID: PMC6349694 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.03134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) is usually safe when administrated in therapeutic doses; however, APAP overdose can lead to severe liver injury. APAP can cause direct hepatocyte damage, and stimulates an inflammatory response leading to oxidative stress. Supressor of Cytokine Signaling (SOCS) 2 modulates cytokine and growth factor signaling, and plays a role in the regulation of hepatic cellular processes. Our study evaluated the role of SOCS2 in APAP liver injury. The administration of a toxic dose (600 mg/kg) of APAP caused significant liver necrosis in WT mice. In SOCS2−/− mice, there was significantly more necrosis, neutrophil recruitment, and expression of the neutrophil-active chemokine CXCL-1. Expression of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-6, was elevated, while expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines, IL-10 and TGF-β, was diminished. In vitro, SOCS2−/− hepatocytes expressed more p-NF-kB and produced more ROS than WT hepatocytes when exposed to APAP. SOCS2−/− hepatocytes were more sensitive to cell death in the presence of IL-6 and hydrogen peroxide. The administration of catalase in vitro and in vivo resulted in a pronounced reduction of cells/mice death and necrosis in the SOCS2−/− group. We have demonstrated that SOCS2 has a protective role in the liver by controlling pro-oxidative and inflammatory mechanisms induced by APAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Monti-Rocha
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Allysson Cramer
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Paulo Gaio Leite
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Maísa Mota Antunes
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Vaz Sousa Pereira
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Andréia Barroso
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Celso M Queiroz-Junior
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Bruna Araújo David
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Batista Menezes
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Simão Machado
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Ortega-Pajares A, Rogerson SJ. The Rough Guide to Monocytes in Malaria Infection. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2888. [PMID: 30581439 PMCID: PMC6292935 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
While half of the world's population is at risk of malaria, the most vulnerable are still children under five, pregnant women and returning travelers. Anopheles mosquitoes transmit malaria parasites to the human host; but how Plasmodium interact with the innate immune system remains largely unexplored. The most recent advances prove that monocytes are a key component to control parasite burden and to protect host from disease. Monocytes' protective roles include phagocytosis, cytokine production and antigen presentation. However, monocytes can be involved in pathogenesis and drive inflammation and sequestration of infected red blood cells in organs such as the brain, placenta or lungs by secreting cytokines that upregulate expression of endothelial adhesion receptors. Plasmodium DNA, hemozoin or extracellular vesicles can impair the function of monocytes. With time, reinfections with Plasmodium change the relative proportion of monocyte subsets and their physical properties. These changes relate to clinical outcomes and might constitute informative biomarkers of immunity. More importantly, at the molecular level, transcriptional, metabolic or epigenetic changes can “prime” monocytes to alter their responses in future encounters with Plasmodium. This mechanism, known as trained immunity, challenges the traditional view of monocytes as a component of the immune system that lacks memory. Overall, this rough guide serves as an update reviewing the advances made during the past 5 years on understanding the role of monocytes in innate immunity to malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaya Ortega-Pajares
- Department of Medicine at Royal Melbourne Hospital, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephen J Rogerson
- Department of Medicine at Royal Melbourne Hospital, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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15
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Genetic analysis of cerebral malaria in the mouse model infected with Plasmodium berghei. Mamm Genome 2018; 29:488-506. [DOI: 10.1007/s00335-018-9752-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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16
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Apoorv TS, Karthik C, Babu PP. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is decreased in the mouse brain during experimental cerebral malaria. Neurosci Lett 2017; 662:290-294. [PMID: 29107705 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral malaria (CM) is a severe form of malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum and P.vivax. CM affects the brain leading to coma and is the leading cause of death in malaria patients. The enzyme, adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), is an important metabolic sensor that helps in maintaining energy homeostasis during normal physiological as well as pathological conditions. In the present study, we studied the status of AMPK in the mouse model of CM. The C57BL/6 mice infected by rodent-specific P.berghei ANKA were used for the study. We found a statistically significant reduction in the gene expressions of Prkaa1 (α1 subunit) and Prkaa2 (α2 subunit) in the brains of CM mice compared to uninfected control. Also, there was a statistically significant reduction in the ratio of phospho-AMPK/AMPK protein levels in CM compared to uninfected control. There was no statistically significant decrease in phospho-ACC/ACC ratio in the brain compared to control. As AMPK is downregulated in CM, there is a possible involvement in neuronal cell death during CM pathogenesis, and therefore we feel that novel AMPK activating drugs might be helpful as an adjunctive therapy for conferring neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thittayil Suresh Apoorv
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500 046, Telangana State, India
| | - Chintanuri Karthik
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500 046, Telangana State, India
| | - Phanithi Prakash Babu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500 046, Telangana State, India.
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Bi H, Yi G, Yang N. Increased copy number of SOCS2 gene in Chinese gamecocks. Poult Sci 2017; 96:1041-1044. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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18
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Sun X, Li S, Xu L, Wang H, Ma Z, Fu Q, Qu R, Ma S. Paeoniflorin ameliorates cognitive dysfunction via regulating SOCS2/IRS-1 pathway in diabetic rats. Physiol Behav 2017; 174:162-169. [PMID: 28322909 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Paeoniflorin is a natural monoterpene glycoside in Paeonia lactiflora pall with various biological properties including promising anti-inflammatory activity. Current evidences support that inflammatory reaction, oxidative stress, as well as abnormal insulin signaling in the hippocampus are potential causes of tau hyperphosphorylation and finally induce cognitive dysfunction. The present study aims to explore the effects of paeoniflorin on the cognitive deficits and investigate the underlying mechanisms in diabetic rats induced by a high-sucrose, high-fat diet and low dose of streptozotocin (STZ). Paeoniflorin treatment effectively improved the performance of diabetic rats in the Morris water maze test via decreasing escape latency and increasing the spent time in the target quadrant. Immunohistochemistry staining also had shown that tau hyperphosphorylation in the hippocampus was prevented after paeoniflorin administration. This function was correlated with its abilities of reducing the brain inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α), decreasing suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS2) expressions and promoting insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) activity. Additionally, we also found paeoniflorin administration significantly promoted the phosphorylation levels of protein kinase B (Akt) and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β). Together, these results showed that paeoniflorin had beneficial effects on relieving diabetes-associated cognitive deficits via regulating SOCS2/IRS-1 pathway and might provide a feasible method for the treatment of diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Sun
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 639, Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 639, Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Lixing Xu
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 639, Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 639, Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Zhanqiang Ma
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 639, Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 639, Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Rong Qu
- Department of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 138, Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Shiping Ma
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, 639, Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, China.
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Turnley A, Basrai H. The suppressor of cytokine signalling 2 (SOCS2), traumatic brain injury and microglial/macrophage regulation. Neural Regen Res 2016; 11:1405-1406. [PMID: 27857735 PMCID: PMC5090834 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.191206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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