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Carnielli JB, Dave A, Romano A, Forrester S, de Faria PR, Monti-Rocha R, Costa CH, Dietze R, Graham IA, Mottram JC. 3'Nucleotidase/nuclease is required for Leishmania infantum clinical isolate susceptibility to miltefosine. EBioMedicine 2022; 86:104378. [PMID: 36462405 PMCID: PMC9713291 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Miltefosine treatment failure in visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil has been associated with deletion of the miltefosine susceptibility locus (MSL) in Leishmania infantum. The MSL comprises four genes, 3'-nucleotidase/nucleases (NUC1 and NUC2); helicase-like protein (HLP); and 3,2-trans-enoyl-CoA isomerase (TEI). METHODS In this study CRISPR-Cas9 was used to either epitope tag or delete NUC1, NUC2, HLP and TEI, to investigate their role in miltefosine resistance mechanisms. Additionally, miltefosine transporter genes and miltefosine-mediated reactive oxygen species homeostasis were assessed in 26 L. infantum clinical isolates. A comparative lipidomic analysis was also performed to investigate the molecular basis of miltefosine resistance. FINDINGS Deletion of both NUC1, NUC2 from the MSL was associated with a significant decrease in miltefosine susceptibility, which was restored after re-expression. Metabolomic analysis of parasites lacking the MSL or NUC1 and NUC2 identified an increase in the parasite lipid content, including ergosterol; these lipids may contribute to miltefosine resistance by binding the drug in the membrane. Parasites lacking the MSL are more resistant to lipid metabolism perturbation caused by miltefosine and NUC1 and NUC2 are involved in this pathway. Additionally, L. infantum parasites lacking the MSL isolated from patients who relapsed after miltefosine treatment were found to modulate nitric oxide accumulation in host macrophages. INTERPRETATION Altogether, these data indicate that multifactorial mechanisms are involved in natural resistance to miltefosine in L. infantum and that the absence of the 3'nucleotidase/nuclease genes NUC1 and NUC2 contributes to the phenotype. FUNDING MRC GCRF and FAPES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana B.T. Carnielli
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology, University of York, United Kingdom,Laboratório de Leishmanioses, Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória-ES, Brazil,Corresponding author. York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom.
| | - Anuja Dave
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, United Kingdom
| | - Audrey Romano
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology, University of York, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Forrester
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology, University of York, United Kingdom
| | - Pedro R. de Faria
- Laboratório de Leishmanioses, Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória-ES, Brazil
| | - Renata Monti-Rocha
- Laboratório de Leishmanioses, Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória-ES, Brazil
| | - Carlos H.N. Costa
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Leishmanioses, Instituto de Doenças Tropicais Natan Portella, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina-PI, Brazil
| | - Reynaldo Dietze
- Laboratório de Leishmanioses, Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória-ES, Brazil,Global Health & Tropical Medicine—Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical—Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ian A. Graham
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy C. Mottram
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology, University of York, United Kingdom,Corresponding author. York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom.
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Carnielli JBT, Monti-Rocha R, Costa DL, Molina Sesana A, Pansini LNN, Segatto M, Mottram JC, Costa CHN, Carvalho SFG, Dietze R. Natural Resistance of Leishmania infantum to Miltefosine Contributes to the Low Efficacy in the Treatment of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Brazil. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2020; 101:789-794. [PMID: 31436148 PMCID: PMC6779219 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.18-0949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
In India, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by Leishmania donovani has been successfully treated with miltefosine with a cure rate of > 90%. To assess the efficacy and safety of oral miltefosine against Brazilian VL, which is caused by Leishmania infantum, a phase II, open-label, dose-escalation study of oral miltefosine was conducted in children (aged 2-12 years) and adolescent-adults (aged 13-60 years). Definitive cure was assessed at a 6-month follow-up visit. The cure rate was only 42% (6 of 14 patients) with a recommended treatment of 28 days and 68% (19 of 28 patients) with an extended treatment of 42 days. The in vitro miltefosine susceptibility profile of intracellular amastigote stages of the pretreatment isolates, from cured and relapsed patients, showed a positive correlation with the clinical outcome. The IC50 mean (SEM) of eventual cures was 5.1 (0.4) µM, whereas that of eventual failures was 12.8 (1.9) µM (P = 0.0002). An IC50 above 8.0 µM predicts failure with 82% sensitivity and 100% specificity. The finding of L. infantum amastigotes resistant to miltefosine in isolates from patients who eventually failed treatment strongly suggests natural resistance to this drug, as miltefosine had never been used in Brazil before this trial was carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana B T Carnielli
- Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil.,York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology, University of York, United Kingdom
| | - Renata Monti-Rocha
- Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Dorcas Lamounier Costa
- Instituto Natan Portella para Doenças Tropicais, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Aretha Molina Sesana
- Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Laura N N Pansini
- Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Marcela Segatto
- Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Jeremy C Mottram
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology, University of York, United Kingdom
| | | | - Sílvio F G Carvalho
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Brazil
| | - Reynaldo Dietze
- Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil.,Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Monti-Rocha R, Cramer A, Gaio Leite P, Antunes MM, Pereira RVS, Barroso A, Queiroz-Junior CM, David BA, Teixeira MM, Menezes GB, Machado FS. SOCS2 Is Critical for the Balancing of Immune Response and Oxidate Stress Protecting Against Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Injury. Front Immunol 2019; 9:3134. [PMID: 30723477 PMCID: PMC6349694 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.03134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) is usually safe when administrated in therapeutic doses; however, APAP overdose can lead to severe liver injury. APAP can cause direct hepatocyte damage, and stimulates an inflammatory response leading to oxidative stress. Supressor of Cytokine Signaling (SOCS) 2 modulates cytokine and growth factor signaling, and plays a role in the regulation of hepatic cellular processes. Our study evaluated the role of SOCS2 in APAP liver injury. The administration of a toxic dose (600 mg/kg) of APAP caused significant liver necrosis in WT mice. In SOCS2−/− mice, there was significantly more necrosis, neutrophil recruitment, and expression of the neutrophil-active chemokine CXCL-1. Expression of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-6, was elevated, while expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines, IL-10 and TGF-β, was diminished. In vitro, SOCS2−/− hepatocytes expressed more p-NF-kB and produced more ROS than WT hepatocytes when exposed to APAP. SOCS2−/− hepatocytes were more sensitive to cell death in the presence of IL-6 and hydrogen peroxide. The administration of catalase in vitro and in vivo resulted in a pronounced reduction of cells/mice death and necrosis in the SOCS2−/− group. We have demonstrated that SOCS2 has a protective role in the liver by controlling pro-oxidative and inflammatory mechanisms induced by APAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Monti-Rocha
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Allysson Cramer
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Paulo Gaio Leite
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Maísa Mota Antunes
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Vaz Sousa Pereira
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Andréia Barroso
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Celso M Queiroz-Junior
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Bruna Araújo David
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Batista Menezes
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Simão Machado
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Cruz JS, Santos-Miranda A, Sales-Junior PA, Monti-Rocha R, Campos PP, Machado FS, Roman-Campos D. Altered Cardiomyocyte Function and Trypanosoma cruzi Persistence in Chagas Disease. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2016; 94:1028-33. [PMID: 26976879 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease, caused by the triatominae Trypanosoma cruzi, is one of the leading causes of heart malfunctioning in Latin America. The cardiac phenotype is observed in 20-30% of infected people 10-40 years after their primary infection. The cardiac complications during Chagas disease range from cardiac arrhythmias to heart failure, with important involvement of the right ventricle. Interestingly, no studies have evaluated the electrical properties of right ventricle myocytes during Chagas disease and correlated them to parasite persistence. Taking advantage of a murine model of Chagas disease, we studied the histological and electrical properties of right ventricle in acute (30 days postinfection [dpi]) and chronic phases (90 dpi) of infected mice with the Colombian strain of T. cruzi and their correlation to parasite persistence. We observed an increase in collagen deposition and inflammatory infiltrate at both 30 and 90 dpi. Furthermore, using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, we detected parasites at 90 dpi in right and left ventricles. In addition, we observed action potential prolongation and reduced transient outward K(+) current and L-type Ca(2+) current at 30 and 90 dpi. Taking together, our results demonstrate that T. cruzi infection leads to important modifications in electrical properties associated with inflammatory infiltrate and parasite persistence in mice right ventricle, suggesting a causal role between inflammation, parasite persistence, and altered cardiomyocyte function in Chagas disease. Thus, arrhythmias observed in Chagas disease may be partially related to altered electrical function in right ventricle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jader Santos Cruz
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Minas Gerais, Brazil; Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Artur Santos-Miranda
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Minas Gerais, Brazil; Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Policarpo Ademar Sales-Junior
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Minas Gerais, Brazil; Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata Monti-Rocha
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Minas Gerais, Brazil; Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paula Peixoto Campos
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Minas Gerais, Brazil; Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Simão Machado
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Minas Gerais, Brazil; Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danilo Roman-Campos
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Minas Gerais, Brazil; Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Sesana AM, Monti-Rocha R, Vinhas SA, Morais CG, Dietze R, Lemos EM. In vitro activity of amphotericin B cochleates against Leishmania chagasi. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2011; 106:251-3. [DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762011000200022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2010] [Accepted: 11/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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