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Gach-Janczak K, Biernat M, Kuczer M, Adamska-Bartłomiejczyk A, Kluczyk A. Analgesic Peptides: From Natural Diversity to Rational Design. Molecules 2024; 29:1544. [PMID: 38611824 PMCID: PMC11013236 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Pain affects one-third of the global population and is a significant public health issue. The use of opioid drugs, which are the strongest painkillers, is associated with several side effects, such as tolerance, addiction, overdose, and even death. An increasing demand for novel, safer analgesic agents is a driving force for exploring natural sources of bioactive peptides with antinociceptive activity. Since the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play a crucial role in pain modulation, the discovery of new peptide ligands for GPCRs is a significant challenge for novel drug development. The aim of this review is to present peptides of human and animal origin with antinociceptive potential and to show the possibilities of their modification, as well as the design of novel structures. The study presents the current knowledge on structure-activity relationship in the design of peptide-based biomimetic compounds, the modification strategies directed at increasing the antinociceptive activity, and improvement of metabolic stability and pharmacodynamic profile. The procedures employed in prolonged drug delivery of emerging compounds are also discussed. The work summarizes the conditions leading to the development of potential morphine replacements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Gach-Janczak
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (K.G.-J.); (A.A.-B.)
| | - Monika Biernat
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Mariola Kuczer
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Anna Adamska-Bartłomiejczyk
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (K.G.-J.); (A.A.-B.)
| | - Alicja Kluczyk
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.B.); (M.K.)
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2
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Liu C, Yan Q, Yi K, Hu T, Wang J, Zhang Z, Li H, Luo Y, Zhang D, Meng E. A secretory system for extracellular production of spider neurotoxin huwentoxin-I in Escherichia coli. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 53:914-922. [PMID: 36573266 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2022.2158473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Due to their advantages in structural stability and versatility, cysteine-rich peptides, which are secreted from the venom glands of venomous animals, constitute a naturally occurring pharmaceutical arsenal. However, the correct folding of disulfide bonds is a challenging task in the prokaryotic expression system like Escherichia coli due to the reducing environment. Here, a secretory expression plasmid pSE-G1M5-SUMO-HWTX-I for the spider neurotoxin huwentoxin-I (HWTX-I) with three disulfides as a model of cysteine-rich peptides was constructed. By utilizing the signal peptide G1M5, the fusion protein 6 × His-SUMO-HWTX-I was successfully secreted into extracellular medium of BL21(DE3). After enrichment using cation-exchange chromatography and purification utilizing the Ni-NTA column, 6 × His-SUMO-HWTX-I was digested via Ulp1 kinase to release recombinant HWTX-I (rHWTX-I), which was further purified utilizing RP-HPLC. Finally, both impurities with low and high molecular weights were completely removed. The molecular mass of rHWTX-I was identified as being 3750.8 Da, which was identical to natural HWTX-I with three disulfide bridges. Furthermore, by utilizing whole-cell patch clamp, the sodium currents of hNav1.7 could be inhibited by rHWTX-I and the IC50 value was 419 nmol/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjun Liu
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Multiple Utilization of Economic Crops in Hunan Province, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Safe Utilization of Heavy Metal-polluted Soils, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, PR China
| | - Qing Yan
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, PR China
| | - Ke Yi
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, PR China
| | - Tianhao Hu
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, PR China
| | - Jianjie Wang
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, PR China
| | - Zheyang Zhang
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, PR China
| | - Huimin Li
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yutao Luo
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, PR China
| | - Dongyi Zhang
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, PR China
| | - Er Meng
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Multiple Utilization of Economic Crops in Hunan Province, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Safe Utilization of Heavy Metal-polluted Soils, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, PR China
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Diochot S. Pain-related toxins in scorpion and spider venoms: a face to face with ion channels. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2021; 27:e20210026. [PMID: 34925480 PMCID: PMC8667759 DOI: 10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2021-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pain is a common symptom induced during envenomation by spiders and scorpions.
Toxins isolated from their venom have become essential tools for studying the
functioning and physiopathological role of ion channels, as they modulate their
activity. In particular, toxins that induce pain relief effects can serve as a
molecular basis for the development of future analgesics in humans. This review
provides a summary of the different scorpion and spider toxins that directly
interact with pain-related ion channels, with inhibitory or stimulatory effects.
Some of these toxins were shown to affect pain modalities in different animal
models providing information on the role played by these channels in the pain
process. The close interaction of certain gating-modifier toxins with membrane
phospholipids close to ion channels is examined along with molecular approaches
to improve selectivity, affinity or bioavailability in vivo for
therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Diochot
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 7275 et Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), 06560 Valbonne, France. Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Université Côte d'Azur Valbonne France
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Bekbossynova A, Zharylgap A, Filchakova O. Venom-Derived Neurotoxins Targeting Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26113373. [PMID: 34204855 PMCID: PMC8199771 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetylcholine was the first neurotransmitter described. The receptors targeted by acetylcholine are found within organisms spanning different phyla and position themselves as very attractive targets for predation, as well as for defense. Venoms of snakes within the Elapidae family, as well as those of marine snails within the Conus genus, are particularly rich in proteins and peptides that target nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Such compounds are invaluable tools for research seeking to understand the structure and function of the cholinergic system. Proteins and peptides of venomous origin targeting nAChR demonstrate high affinity and good selectivity. This review aims at providing an overview of the toxins targeting nAChRs found within venoms of different animals, as well as their activities and the structural determinants important for receptor binding.
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Zhang Q, Si Y, Yang L, Wang L, Peng S, Chen Y, Chen M, Zhou X, Liu Z. Two Novel Peptide Toxins from the Spider Cyriopagopus longipes Inhibit Tetrodotoxin-Sensitive Sodium Channels. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12090529. [PMID: 32824960 PMCID: PMC7551932 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12090529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sodium channels play a critical role in the generation and propagation of action potentials in excitable tissues, such as nerves, cardiac muscle, and skeletal muscle, and are the primary targets of toxins found in animal venoms. Here, two novel peptide toxins (Cl6a and Cl6b) were isolated from the venom of the spider Cyriopagopus longipes and characterized. Cl6a and Cl6b were shown to be inhibitors of tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTX-S), but not TTX-resistant, sodium channels. Among the TTX-S channels investigated, Cl6a and Cl6b showed the highest degree of inhibition against NaV1.7 (half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 11.0 ± 2.5 nM and 18.8 ± 2.4 nM, respectively) in an irreversible manner that does not alter channel activation, inactivation, or repriming kinetics. Moreover, analysis of NaV1.7/NaV1.8 chimeric channels revealed that Cl6b is a site 4 neurotoxin. Site-directed mutagenesis analysis indicated that D816, V817, and E818 observably affected the efficacy of the Cl6b-NaV1.7 interaction, suggesting that these residues might directly affect the interaction of NaV1.7 with Cl6b. Taken together, these two novel peptide toxins act as potent and sustained NaV1.7 blockers and may have potential in the pharmacological study of sodium channels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xi Zhou
- Correspondence: (X.Z); (Z.L.)
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6
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Cardoso FC. Multi-targeting sodium and calcium channels using venom peptides for the treatment of complex ion channels-related diseases. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 181:114107. [PMID: 32579958 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Venom peptides are amongst the most exquisite group of bioactive molecules able to alter the normal physiology of organisms. These bioactive peptides penetrate tissues and blood vessels to encounter a number of receptors and ion channels to which they bind with high affinity and execute modulatory activities. Arachnid is the most diverse class of venomous animals often rich in peptides modulating voltage-gated sodium (NaV), calcium (CaV), and potassium (KV) channels. Spider venoms, in particular, contain potent and selective peptides targeting these channels, with a few displaying interesting multi-target properties for NaV and CaV channels underlying disease mechanisms such as in neuropathic pain, motor neuron disease and cancer. The elucidation of the pharmacology and structure-function properties of these venom peptides are invaluable for the development of effective drugs targeting NaV and CaV channels. This perspective discusses spider venom peptides displaying multi-target properties to modulate NaV and CaV channels in regard to their pharmacological features, structure-function relationships and potential to become the next generation of effective drugs to treat neurological disorders and other multi-ion channels related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda C Cardoso
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, 306 Carmody Rd., St Lucia, QLD AU 4072, Australia
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Hamad MK, He K, Abdulrazeq HF, Mustafa AM, Luceri R, Kamal N, Ali M, Nakhla J, Herzallah MM, Mammis A. Potential Uses of Isolated Toxin Peptides in Neuropathic Pain Relief: A Literature Review. World Neurosurg 2018; 113:333-347.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.01.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Yan S, Huang P, Wang Y, Zeng X, Zhang Y. The Venom of Ornithoctonus huwena affect the electrophysiological stability of neonatal rat ventricular myocytes by inhibiting sodium, potassium and calcium current. Channels (Austin) 2018. [PMID: 29532737 PMCID: PMC5972801 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2018.1449497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Spider venoms are known to contain various toxins that are used as an effective means to capture their prey or to defend themselves against predators. An investigation of the properties of Ornithoctonus huwena (O.huwena) crude venom found that the venom can block neuromuscular transmission of isolated mouse phrenic nerve-diaphragm and sciatic nerve-sartorius preparations. However, little is known about its electrophysiological effects on cardiac myocytes. In this study, electrophysiological activities of ventricular myocytes were detected by 100 μg/mL venom of O.huwena, and whole cell patch-clamp technique was used to study the acute effects of the venom on action potential (AP), sodium current (INa), potassium currents (IKr, IKs, Ito1 and IK1) and L-type calcium current (ICaL). The results indicated that the venom prolongs APD90 in a frequency-dependent manner in isolated neonatal rat ventricular myocytes. 100 μg/mL venom inhibited 72.3 ± 3.6% INa current, 58.3 ± 4.2% summit current and 54 ± 6.1% the end current of IKr, and 65 ± 3.3% ICaL current, yet, didn't have obvious effect on IKs, Ito1 and IK1 currents. In conclusion, the O.huwena venom represented a multifaceted pharmacological profile. It contains abundant of cardiac channel antagonists and might be valuable tools for investigation of both channels and anti- arrhythmic therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Yan
- a Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital , Central South University , Changsha , China.,b Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , China
| | - Pengfei Huang
- c The Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences , Hunan Normal University , Changsha , P. R. China.,d The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development , College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University , Changsha , China
| | - Ying Wang
- c The Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences , Hunan Normal University , Changsha , P. R. China.,d The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development , College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University , Changsha , China
| | - Xiongzhi Zeng
- c The Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences , Hunan Normal University , Changsha , P. R. China.,d The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development , College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University , Changsha , China
| | - Yiya Zhang
- a Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital , Central South University , Changsha , China.,b Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , China.,c The Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences , Hunan Normal University , Changsha , P. R. China.,d The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development , College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University , Changsha , China
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9
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Deng M, Hu Z, Cai T, Liu K, Wu W, Luo X, Jiang L, Wang M, Yang J, Xiao Y, Liang S. Characterization of ion channels on subesophageal ganglion neurons from Chinese tarantula Ornithoctonus huwena: Exploring the myth of the spider insensitive to its venom. Toxicon 2016; 120:61-8. [PMID: 27452932 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2016.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Chinese tarantula Ornithoctonus huwena is one of the most venomous spiders distributing in the hilly areas of southern China. In this study, using whole-cell patch-clamp technique we investigated electrophysiological and pharmacological properties of ion channels from tarantula subesophageal ganglion neurons. It was found that the neurons express multiple kinds of ion channels at least including voltage-gated calcium channels, TTX-sensitive sodium channels and two types of potassium channels. They exhibit pharmacological properties similar to mammalian subtypes. Spider calcium channels were sensitive to ω-conotoxin GVIA and diltiazem, two well-known inhibitors of mammalian neuronal high-voltage-activated (HVA) subtypes. 4-Aminopyridine and tetraethylammonium could inhibit spider outward transient and delayed-rectifier potassium channels, respectively. Huwentoxin-I and huwentoxin-IV are two abundant toxic components in the venom of Ornithoctonus huwena. Interestingly, although in our previous work they inhibit HVA calcium channels and TTX-sensitive sodium channels from mammalian sensory neurons, respectively, they fail to affect the subtypes from spider neurons. Moreover, the crude venom has no effect on delayed-rectifier potassium channels and only slightly reduces transient outward potassium channels with an IC50 value of ∼51.3 mg/L. Therefore, our findings provide important evidence for ion channels from spiders having an evolution as self-defense and prey mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meichun Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics and School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China; Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China.
| | - Zhaotun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Ethnomedicinal Plant Resources of Hunan Province, School of Biological and Food Engineering, Huaihua College, Huaihua, Hunan, 418008, China; Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China.
| | - Tianfu Cai
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Wenfang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics and School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Xuan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Liping Jiang
- Department of Parasitology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Meichi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Yucheng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Songping Liang
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China.
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Chen J, Dai Z, Lei Q, Yan S, Wang Y, Wang X. Effects of huwentoxin-I on catecholamines in cultured PC12 cells. Toxicol Mech Methods 2015; 25:241-8. [DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2015.1008287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Meng E, Cai TF, Zhang H, Tang S, Li MJ, Li WY, Huang PF, Liu K, Wu L, Zhu LY, Liu L, Peng K, Dai XD, Jiang H, Zeng XZ, Liang SP, Zhang DY. Screening for voltage-gated sodium channel interacting peptides. Sci Rep 2014; 4:4569. [PMID: 24691553 PMCID: PMC3972499 DOI: 10.1038/srep04569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) interacting peptide is of special interest for both basic research and pharmaceutical purposes. In this study, we established a yeast-two-hybrid based strategy to detect the interaction(s) between neurotoxic peptide and the extracellular region of VGSC. Using a previously reported neurotoxin JZTX-III as a model molecule, we demonstrated that the interactions between JZTX-III and the extracellular regions of its target hNav1.5 are detectable and the detected interactions are directly related to its activity. We further applied this strategy to the screening of VGSC interacting peptides. Using the extracellular region of hNav1.5 as the bait, we identified a novel sodium channel inhibitor SSCM-1 from a random peptide library. This peptide selectively inhibits hNav1.5 currents in the whole-cell patch clamp assays. This strategy might be used for the large scale screening for target-specific interacting peptides of VGSCs or other ion channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Er Meng
- 1] State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing, Research Center of Biological Information, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China [2]
| | - Tian-Fu Cai
- 1] Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China [2]
| | - Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
| | - Si Tang
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
| | - Meng-Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
| | - Wen-Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing, Research Center of Biological Information, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| | - Peng-Fei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
| | - Lei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing, Research Center of Biological Information, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| | - Ling-Yun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing, Research Center of Biological Information, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| | - Long Liu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing, Research Center of Biological Information, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| | - Kuan Peng
- Core Facilities of Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Xian-Dong Dai
- Beijing Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Xiong-Zhi Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
| | - Song-Ping Liang
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
| | - Dong-Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing, Research Center of Biological Information, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
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12
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Jiang L, Deng M, Duan Z, Tang X, Liang S. Molecular cloning, bioinformatics analysis and functional characterization of HWTX-XI toxin superfamily from the spider Ornithoctonus huwena. Peptides 2014; 54:9-18. [PMID: 24418069 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2014.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Spider venom contains a very valuable repertoire of natural resources to discover novel components for molecular diversity analyses and therapeutic applications. In this study, HWTX-XI toxins from the spider venom glands of Ornithoctonus huwena which are Kunitz-type toxins (KTTs) and were directly cloned, analyzed and functionally characterized. To date, the HWTX-XI superfamily consists of 38 members deduced from 121 high-quality expressed sequence tags, which is the largest spider KTT superfamily with significant molecular diversity mainly resulted from cDNA tandem repeats as well as focal hypermutation. Among them, HW11c40 and HW11c50 may be intermediate variants between native Kunitz toxins and sub-Kunitz toxins based on evolutionary analyses. In order to elucidate their biological activities, recombinant HW11c4, HW11c24, HW11c27 and HW11c39 were successfully expressed, further purified and functionally characterized. Both HW11c4 and HW11c27 display inhibitory activities against trypsin, chymotrypsin and kallikrein. Moreover, HW11c4 is also an inhibitor relatively specific for Kv1.1 channels. HW11c24 and HW11c39 are found to be inactive on chymotrysin, trypsin, kallikrein, thrombin and ion channels. These findings provide molecular evidence for toxin diversification of the HWTX-XI superfamily and useful molecular templates of serine protease inhibitors and ion channel blockers for the development of potentially clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Jiang
- Department of Parasitology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China.
| | - Meichun Deng
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China
| | - Zhigui Duan
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, PR China
| | - Xing Tang
- College of Chemistry, Biology, and Material Science, East China Institute of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, PR China
| | - Songping Liang
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, PR China.
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13
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Huwentoxin-XVI, an analgesic, highly reversible mammalian N-type calcium channel antagonist from Chinese tarantula Ornithoctonus huwena. Neuropharmacology 2014; 79:657-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2014.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2013] [Revised: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 01/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Li J, Yan Y, Yu H, Peng X, Zhang Y, Hu W, Duan Z, Wang X, Liang S. Isolation and identification of a sodium channel-inhibiting protein from eggs of black widow spiders. Int J Biol Macromol 2014; 65:115-20. [PMID: 24412150 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2013] [Revised: 01/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Rong M, Duan Z, Chen J, Li J, Xiao Y, Liang S. Native pyroglutamation of huwentoxin-IV: a post-translational modification that increases the trapping ability to the sodium channel. PLoS One 2013; 8:e65984. [PMID: 23826086 PMCID: PMC3691182 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Huwentoxin-IV (HWTX-IV), a tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTX-s) sodium channel antagonist, is found in the venom of the Chinese spider Ornithoctonus huwena. A naturally modified HWTX-IV (mHWTX-IV), having a molecular mass 18 Da lower than HWTX-IV, has also been isolated from the venom of the same spider. By a combination of enzymatic fragmentation and MS/MS de novo sequencing, mHWTX-IV has been shown to have the same amino acid sequence as that of HWTX-IV, except that the N-terminal glutamic acid replaced by pyroglutamic acid. mHWTX-IV inhibited tetrodotoxin-sensitive voltage-gated sodium channels of dorsal root ganglion neurons with an IC50 nearly equal to native HWTX-IV. mHWTX-IV showed the same activation and inactivation kinetics seen for native HWTX-IV. In contrast with HWTX-IV, which dissociates at moderate voltage depolarization voltages (+50 mV, 180000 ms), mHWTX-IV inhibition of TTX-sensitive sodium channels is not reversed by strong depolarization voltages (+200 mV, 500 ms). Recovery of Nav1.7current was voltage-dependent and was induced by extreme depolarization in the presence of HWTX-IV, but no obvious current was elicited after application of mHWTX-IV. Our data indicate that the N-terminal modification of HWTX-IV gives the peptide toxin a greater ability to trap the voltage sensor in the sodium channel. Loss of a negative charge, caused by cyclization at the N-terminus, is a possible reason why the modified toxin binds much stronger. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a pyroglutamic acid residue in a spider toxin; this modification seems to increase the trapping ability of the voltage sensor in the sodium channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingqiang Rong
- The Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhigui Duan
- The Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Juliang Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianglin Li
- The Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuchen Xiao
- The Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Songping Liang
- The Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- * E-mail:
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16
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Bende NS, Kang E, Herzig V, Bosmans F, Nicholson GM, Mobli M, King GF. The insecticidal neurotoxin Aps III is an atypical knottin peptide that potently blocks insect voltage-gated sodium channels. Biochem Pharmacol 2013; 85:1542-54. [PMID: 23473802 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2013.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Revised: 02/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
One of the most potent insecticidal venom peptides described to date is Aps III from the venom of the trapdoor spider Apomastus schlingeri. Aps III is highly neurotoxic to lepidopteran crop pests, making it a promising candidate for bioinsecticide development. However, its disulfide-connectivity, three-dimensional structure, and mode of action have not been determined. Here we show that recombinant Aps III (rAps III) is an atypical knottin peptide; three of the disulfide bridges form a classical inhibitor cystine knot motif while the fourth disulfide acts as a molecular staple that restricts the flexibility of an unusually large β hairpin loop that often houses the pharmacophore in this class of toxins. We demonstrate that the irreversible paralysis induced in insects by rAps III results from a potent block of insect voltage-gated sodium channels. Channel block by rAps III is voltage-independent insofar as it occurs without significant alteration in the voltage-dependence of channel activation or steady-state inactivation. Thus, rAps III appears to be a pore blocker that plugs the outer vestibule of insect voltage-gated sodium channels. This mechanism of action contrasts strikingly with virtually all other sodium channel modulators isolated from spider venoms that act as gating modifiers by interacting with one or more of the four voltage-sensing domains of the channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niraj S Bende
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
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17
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Venom peptides as a rich source of cav2.2 channel blockers. Toxins (Basel) 2013; 5:286-314. [PMID: 23381143 PMCID: PMC3640536 DOI: 10.3390/toxins5020286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Revised: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 01/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cav2.2 is a calcium channel subtype localized at nerve terminals, including nociceptive fibers, where it initiates neurotransmitter release. Cav2.2 is an important contributor to synaptic transmission in ascending pain pathways, and is up-regulated in the spinal cord in chronic pain states along with the auxiliary α2δ1 subunit. It is therefore not surprising that toxins that inhibit Cav2.2 are analgesic. Venomous animals, such as cone snails, spiders, snakes, assassin bugs, centipedes and scorpions are rich sources of remarkably potent and selective Cav2.2 inhibitors. However, side effects in humans currently limit their clinical use. Here we review Cav2.2 inhibitors from venoms and their potential as drug leads.
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18
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Wang M, Rong M, Xiao Y, Liang S. The effects of huwentoxin-I on the voltage-gated sodium channels of rat hippocampal and cockroach dorsal unpaired median neurons. Peptides 2012; 34:19-25. [PMID: 22094230 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2011.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2011] [Revised: 10/28/2011] [Accepted: 10/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Huwentoxin-I (HWTX-I) is a 33-residue peptide isolated from the venom of Ornithoctonus huwena and could inhibit TTX-sensitive voltage-gated sodium channels and N-type calcium channels in mammalian dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. However, the effects of HWTX-I on mammalian central neuronal and insect sodium channel subtypes remain unknown. In this study, we found that HWTX-I potently inhibited sodium channels in rat hippocampal and cockroach dorsal unpaired median (DUM) neurons with the IC(50) values of 66.1±5.2 and 4.80±0.58nM, respectively. Taken together with our previous work on DRG neurons (IC(50)≈55nM), the order of sodium channel sensitivity to HWTX-I inhibition was insect central DUM≫mammalian peripheral>mammalian central neurons. HWTX-I exhibited no effect on the steady-state activation and inactivation of sodium channels in rat hippocampal and cockroach DUM neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meichi Wang
- The College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
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19
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Meng E, Cai TF, Li WY, Zhang H, Liu YB, Peng K, Liang S, Zhang DY. Functional expression of spider neurotoxic peptide huwentoxin-I in E. coli. PLoS One 2011; 6:e21608. [PMID: 21731778 PMCID: PMC3121796 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0021608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2011] [Accepted: 06/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The coding sequence of huwentoxin-I, a neurotoxic peptide isolated from the venom of the Chinese spider Ornithoctonus huwena, was amplified by PCR using the cDNA library constructed from the spider venom glands. The cloned fragment was inserted into the expression vector pET-40b and transformed into the E. coli strain BL21 (DE3). The expression of a soluble fusion protein, disulfide interchange protein (DsbC)-huwentoxin-I, was auto-induced in the periplasm of E. coli in the absence of IPTG. After partial purification using a Ni-NTA column, the expressed fusion protein was digested using enterokinase to release heteroexpressed huwentoxin-I and was further purified using RP-HPLC. The resulting peptide was subjected to gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry analysis. The molecular weight of the heteroexpressed huwentoxin-I was 3750.69, which is identical to that of the natural form of the peptide isolated from spider venom. The physiological properties of the heteroexpressed huwentoxin-I were further analyzed using a whole-cell patch clamp assay. The heteroexpressed huwentoxin-I was able to block currents generated by human Na(v1.7) at an IC₅₀ of 640 nmole/L, similar to that of the natural huwentoxin-I, which is 630 nmole/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Er Meng
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Research Center of Biological Information, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tian-Fu Cai
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wen-Ying Li
- Research Center of Biological Information, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan-Bo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kuan Peng
- Core Facilities of Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Songping Liang
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- * E-mail: (SL); (DYZ)
| | - Dong-Yi Zhang
- Research Center of Biological Information, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
- * E-mail: (SL); (DYZ)
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20
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Xiao Y, Jackson JO, Liang S, Cummins TR. Common molecular determinants of tarantula huwentoxin-IV inhibition of Na+ channel voltage sensors in domains II and IV. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:27301-10. [PMID: 21659528 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.246876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The voltage sensors of domains II and IV of sodium channels are important determinants of activation and inactivation, respectively. Animal toxins that alter electrophysiological excitability of muscles and neurons often modify sodium channel activation by selectively interacting with domain II and inactivation by selectively interacting with domain IV. This suggests that there may be substantial differences between the toxin-binding sites in these two important domains. Here we explore the ability of the tarantula huwentoxin-IV (HWTX-IV) to inhibit the activity of the domain II and IV voltage sensors. HWTX-IV is specific for domain II, and we identify five residues in the S1-S2 (Glu-753) and S3-S4 (Glu-811, Leu-814, Asp-816, and Glu-818) regions of domain II that are crucial for inhibition of activation by HWTX-IV. These data indicate that a single residue in the S3-S4 linker (Glu-818 in hNav1.7) is crucial for allowing HWTX-IV to interact with the other key residues and trap the voltage sensor in the closed configuration. Mutagenesis analysis indicates that the five corresponding residues in domain IV are all critical for endowing HWTX-IV with the ability to inhibit fast inactivation. Our data suggest that the toxin-binding motif in domain II is conserved in domain IV. Increasing our understanding of the molecular determinants of toxin interactions with voltage-gated sodium channels may permit development of enhanced isoform-specific voltage-gating modifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
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21
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Wang RL, Yi S, Liang SP. Mechanism of action of two insect toxins huwentoxin-III and hainantoxin-VI on voltage-gated sodium channels. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2010; 11:451-7. [PMID: 20506577 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b0900393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Selenocosmia huwena and Selenocosmia hainana are two tarantula species found in southern China. Their venoms contain abundant peptide toxins. Two new neurotoxic peptides, huwentoxin-III (HWTX-III) and hainantoxin-VI (HNTX-VI), were obtained from the venom using ion-exchange chromatography and reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The mechanism of action of HWTX-III and HNTX-VI on insect neuronal voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) was studied via whole-cell patch clamp techniques. In a fashion similar to delta-atracotoxins, HNTX-VI can induce a slowdown of current inactivation of the VGSC and reduction in the peak of Na+ current in cockroach dorsal unpaired median (DUM) neurons. Meanwhile, 10 micromol/L HNTX-IV caused a positive shift of steady-state inactivation of sodium channel. HWTX-III inhibited VGSCs on DUM neurons (concentration of toxin at half-maximal inhibition (IC(50)) approximately 1.106 micromol/L) in a way much similar to tetrodotoxin (TTX). HWTX-III had no effect on the kinetics of activation and inactivation. The shift in the steady-state inactivation curve was distinct from other depressant spider toxins. The diverse effect and the mechanism of action of the two insect toxins illustrate the diverse biological activities of spider toxins and provide a fresh theoretical foundation to design and develop novel insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-lan Wang
- Department of Food Science, Guangdong Food and Drug Vocational College, Guangzhou 510520, China.
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22
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Redaelli E, Cassulini RR, Silva DF, Clement H, Schiavon E, Zamudio FZ, Odell G, Arcangeli A, Clare JJ, Alagón A, de la Vega RCR, Possani LD, Wanke E. Target promiscuity and heterogeneous effects of tarantula venom peptides affecting Na+ and K+ ion channels. J Biol Chem 2009; 285:4130-4142. [PMID: 19955179 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.054718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Venom-derived peptide modulators of ion channel gating are regarded as essential tools for understanding the molecular motions that occur during the opening and closing of ion channels. In this study, we present the characterization of five spider toxins on 12 human voltage-gated ion channels, following observations about the target promiscuity of some spider toxins and the ongoing revision of their "canonical" gating-modifying mode of action. The peptides were purified de novo from the venom of Grammostola rosea tarantulas, and their sequences were confirmed by Edman degradation and mass spectrometry analysis. Their effects on seven tetrodotoxin-sensitive Na(+) channels, the three human ether-à-go-go (hERG)-related K(+) channels, and two human Shaker-related K(+) channels were extensively characterized by electrophysiological techniques. All the peptides inhibited ion conduction through all the Na(+) channels tested, although with distinctive patterns. The peptides also affected the three pharmaceutically relevant hERG isoforms differently. At higher concentrations, all peptides also modified the gating of the Na(+) channels by shifting the activation to more positive potentials, whereas more complex effects were recorded on hERG channels. No effects were evident on the two Shaker-related K(+) channels at concentrations well above the IC(50) value for the affected channels. Given the sequence diversity of the tested peptides, we propose that tarantula toxins should be considered both as multimode and target-promiscuous ion channel modulators; both features should not be ignored when extracting mechanistic interpretations about ion channel gating. Our observations could also aid in future structure-function studies and might help the development of novel ion channel-specific drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Redaelli
- From the Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Rita Restano Cassulini
- From the Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy; the Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca 62210, México
| | - Deyanira Fuentes Silva
- the Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán DF 04510, México
| | - Herlinda Clement
- the Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca 62210, México
| | - Emanuele Schiavon
- From the Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Fernando Z Zamudio
- the Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca 62210, México
| | - George Odell
- the Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca 62210, México
| | - Annarosa Arcangeli
- the Dipartimento di Patologia e Oncologia Sperimentali, Università di Firenze, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Jeffrey J Clare
- Gene Expression and Protein Biochemistry, GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Herts SG1 2NY, United Kingdom, and
| | - Alejandro Alagón
- the Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca 62210, México
| | - Ricardo C Rodríguez de la Vega
- the Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca 62210, México; the Structural and Computational Biology/Genome Biology Units, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstrasse 1, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
| | - Lourival D Possani
- the Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca 62210, México
| | - Enzo Wanke
- From the Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy.
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23
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Nikolsky AS, Billen B, Vassilevski AA, Filkin SY, Tytgat J, Grishin EV. Voltage-gated sodium channels are targets for toxins from the venom of the spider Heriaeus melloteei. BIOCHEMISTRY MOSCOW SUPPLEMENT SERIES A-MEMBRANE AND CELL BIOLOGY 2009. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990747809030027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Jiang L, Peng L, Zhang Y, Chen J, Zhang D, Liang S. Expression, purification and characterization of a group of lectin-like peptides from the spider Ornithoctonus huwena. Peptides 2009; 30:669-74. [PMID: 19150376 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2008.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2008] [Revised: 11/30/2008] [Accepted: 12/02/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
By sequencing random clones from the venom gland cDNA library of the spider Ornithoctonus huwena, a transcript, named SHL-Ib1, encoding a lectin-like peptide was cloned. The amino acid sequence of the putative mature peptide of SHL-Ib1 is identical, except for seven different residues, with that of SHL-I, a lectin found in the venom of O. huwena. The mature peptides of SHL-Ib1b and SHL-Ib1c are the mutants of SHL-Ib1 with two or three amino acid residues truncated at the C-terminal. The recombinant SHL-Ib1b and SHL-Ib1c were expressed successfully by the yeast expression system and purified by using a combination of ion-exchange and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The molecular masses of the two expressed peptides were identified by mass spectrometry, indicating that the C-terminals of the two peptides were not amidated. The two peptides can agglutinate human erythrocytes at minimal concentrations of 0.75 and 1.475mg/ml, respectively. Structure modeling of SHL-Ib1 has given a clue to the low agglutination bioactivities of these recombinant toxins. These lectin-like peptides, due to the small molecular sizes, may have the advantage to investigate the binding mechanism of the lectin and have the potential to be the carrier for drug delivery.
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Jiang L, Chen J, Peng L, Zhang Y, Xiong X, Liang S. Genomic organization and cloning of novel genes encoding toxin-like peptides of three superfamilies from the spider Orinithoctonus huwena. Peptides 2008; 29:1679-84. [PMID: 18590782 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2008.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2008] [Revised: 05/30/2008] [Accepted: 06/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The bird spider Ornithoctonus huwena is one of the most venomous spiders in China. Its venom is a mixture of various compounds with diverse bioactivities. Ninety proteins and 47 peptides have been identified, and 67 cDNA sequences encoding different toxin precursors have been cloned. However, the genomic DNA of them is seldom reported. To characterize the genomic DNA structure of huwentoxins, the genomic DNA encoding toxins of three superfamilies were cloned by using sequence specific or partially degenerate primers based on their cDNA sequences. An unexpected finding was that the intron was lacking in the genomic sequences of three superfamilies. The genomic DNA information has predictive value for better understanding the relationship of spider toxin evolution. In addition, we have cloned and analyzed 19 novel genes encoding toxin-like precursors by using the genomic DNA of the spider O. huwena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, People's Republic of China
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26
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Billen B, Vassilevski A, Nikolsky A, Tytgat J, Grishin E. Two novel sodium channel inhibitors from Heriaeus melloteei spider venom differentially interacting with mammalian channel's isoforms. Toxicon 2008; 52:309-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2008.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2008] [Revised: 05/20/2008] [Accepted: 05/30/2008] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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27
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Xiao Y, Bingham JP, Zhu W, Moczydlowski E, Liang S, Cummins TR. Tarantula huwentoxin-IV inhibits neuronal sodium channels by binding to receptor site 4 and trapping the domain ii voltage sensor in the closed configuration. J Biol Chem 2008; 283:27300-13. [PMID: 18628201 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m708447200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptide toxins with high affinity, divergent pharmacological functions, and isoform-specific selectivity are powerful tools for investigating the structure-function relationships of voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs). Although a number of interesting inhibitors have been reported from tarantula venoms, little is known about the mechanism for their interaction with VGSCs. We show that huwentoxin-IV (HWTX-IV), a 35-residue peptide from tarantula Ornithoctonus huwena venom, preferentially inhibits neuronal VGSC subtypes rNav1.2, rNav1.3, and hNav1.7 compared with muscle subtypes rNav1.4 and hNav1.5. Of the five VGSCs examined, hNav1.7 was most sensitive to HWTX-IV (IC(50) approximately 26 nM). Following application of 1 microm HWTX-IV, hNav1.7 currents could only be elicited with extreme depolarizations (>+100 mV). Recovery of hNav1.7 channels from HWTX-IV inhibition could be induced by extreme depolarizations or moderate depolarizations lasting several minutes. Site-directed mutagenesis analysis indicated that the toxin docked at neurotoxin receptor site 4 located at the extracellular S3-S4 linker of domain II. Mutations E818Q and D816N in hNav1.7 decreased toxin affinity for hNav1.7 by approximately 300-fold, whereas the reverse mutations in rNav1.4 (N655D/Q657E) and the corresponding mutations in hNav1.5 (R812D/S814E) greatly increased the sensitivity of the muscle VGSCs to HWTX-IV. Our data identify a novel mechanism for sodium channel inhibition by tarantula toxins involving binding to neurotoxin receptor site 4. In contrast to scorpion beta-toxins that trap the IIS4 voltage sensor in an outward configuration, we propose that HWTX-IV traps the voltage sensor of domain II in the inward, closed configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
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