2
|
Wiemhoefer A, Stargardt A, van der Linden WA, Renner MC, van Kesteren RE, Stap J, Raspe MA, Tomkinson B, Kessels HW, Ovaa H, Overkleeft HS, Florea B, Reits EA. Tripeptidyl Peptidase II Mediates Levels of Nuclear Phosphorylated ERK1 and ERK2. Mol Cell Proteomics 2015; 14:2177-93. [PMID: 26041847 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m114.043331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tripeptidyl peptidase II (TPP2) is a serine peptidase involved in various biological processes, including antigen processing, cell growth, DNA repair, and neuropeptide mediated signaling. The underlying mechanisms of how a peptidase can influence this multitude of processes still remain unknown. We identified rapid proteomic changes in neuroblastoma cells following selective TPP2 inhibition using the known reversible inhibitor butabindide, as well as a new, more potent, and irreversible peptide phosphonate inhibitor. Our data show that TPP2 inhibition indirectly but rapidly decreases the levels of active, di-phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 (ERK1) and ERK2 in the nucleus, thereby down-regulating signal transduction downstream of growth factors and mitogenic stimuli. We conclude that TPP2 mediates many important cellular functions by controlling ERK1 and ERK2 phosphorylation. For instance, we show that TPP2 inhibition of neurons in the hippocampus leads to an excessive strengthening of synapses, indicating that TPP2 activity is crucial for normal brain function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Wiemhoefer
- From the ‡Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Academic Medical Centre- University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anita Stargardt
- From the ‡Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Academic Medical Centre- University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter A van der Linden
- §Department of Pathology, Stanford School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305-5324
| | - Maria C Renner
- ¶Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Meibergdreef 47, 1105BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald E van Kesteren
- ‖Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Stap
- From the ‡Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Academic Medical Centre- University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel A Raspe
- **Division of Cell Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Birgitta Tomkinson
- ‡‡Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Uppsala, Husargatan 3, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Helmut W Kessels
- ¶Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Meibergdreef 47, 1105BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Huib Ovaa
- **Division of Cell Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Herman S Overkleeft
- §§Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bogdan Florea
- §§Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Eric A Reits
- From the ‡Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Academic Medical Centre- University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Eklund S, Dogan J, Jemth P, Kalbacher H, Tomkinson B. Characterization of the endopeptidase activity of tripeptidyl-peptidase II. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 424:503-7. [PMID: 22771804 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.06.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Tripeptidyl-peptidase II (TPP II) is a giant cytosolic peptidase with a proposed role in cellular protein degradation and protection against apoptosis. Beside its well-characterised exopeptidase activity, TPP II also has an endopeptidase activity. Little is known about this activity, and since it could be important for the physiological role of TPP II, we have investigated it in more detail. Two peptides, Nef(69-87) and LL37, were incubated with wild-type murine TPP II and variants thereof as well as TPP II from human and Drosophila melanogaster. Two intrinsically disordered proteins were also included in the study. We conclude that the endopeptidase activity is more promiscuous than previously reported. It is also clear that TPP II can attack longer disordered peptides up to 75 amino acid residues. Using a novel FRET substrate, the catalytic efficiency of the endopeptidase activity could be determined to be 5 orders of magnitude lower than for the exopeptidase activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Eklund
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 582, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rockel B, Kopec KO, Lupas AN, Baumeister W. Structure and function of tripeptidyl peptidase II, a giant cytosolic protease. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2011; 1824:237-45. [PMID: 21771670 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2011.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2011] [Revised: 06/29/2011] [Accepted: 07/01/2011] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Tripeptidyl peptidase II is the largest known eukaryotic peptidase. It has been described as a multi-purpose peptidase, which, in addition to its house-keeping function in intracellular protein degradation, plays a role in several vital cellular processes such as antigen processing, apoptosis, or cell division, and is involved in diseases like muscle wasting, obesity, and in cancer. Biochemical studies and bioinformatics have identified TPPII as a subtilase, but its structure is very unusual: it forms a large homooligomeric complex (6 MDa) with a spindle-like shape. Recently, the high-resolution structure of TPPII homodimers (300 kDa) was solved and a hybrid structure of the holocomplex built of 20 dimers was obtained by docking it into the EM-density. Here, we summarize our current knowledge about TPPII with a focus on structural aspects. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Proteolysis 50 years after the discovery of lysosome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beate Rockel
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tsurumi C, Esser N, Firat E, Gaedicke S, Follo M, Behe M, Elsässer-Beile U, Grosu AL, Graeser R, Niedermann G. Non-invasive in vivo imaging of tumor-associated CD133/prominin. PLoS One 2010; 5:e15605. [PMID: 21187924 PMCID: PMC3004948 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2010] [Accepted: 11/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer stem cells are thought to play a pivotal role in tumor maintenance, metastasis, tumor therapy resistance and relapse. Hence, the development of methods for non-invasive in vivo detection of cancer stem cells is of great importance. Methodology/Principal Findings Here, we describe successful in vivo detection of CD133/prominin, a cancer stem cell surface marker for a variety of tumor entities. The CD133-specific monoclonal antibody AC133.1 was used for quantitative fluorescence-based optical imaging of mouse xenograft models based on isogenic pairs of CD133 positive and negative cell lines. A first set consisted of wild-type U251 glioblastoma cells, which do not express CD133, and lentivirally transduced CD133-overexpressing U251 cells. A second set made use of HCT116 colon carcinoma cells, which uniformly express CD133 at levels comparable to primary glioblastoma stem cells, and a CD133-negative HCT116 derivative. Not surprisingly, visualization and quantification of CD133 in overexpressing U251 xenografts was successful; more importantly, however, significant differences were also found in matched HCT116 xenograft pairs, despite the lower CD133 expression levels. The binding of i.v.-injected AC133.1 antibodies to CD133 positive, but not negative, tumor cells isolated from xenografts was confirmed by flow cytometry. Conclusions/Significance Taken together, our results show that non-invasive antibody-based in vivo imaging of tumor-associated CD133 is feasible and that CD133 antibody-based tumor targeting is efficient. This should facilitate developing clinically applicable cancer stem cell imaging methods and CD133 antibody-based therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chizuko Tsurumi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Elke Firat
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Simone Gaedicke
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marie Follo
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin Behe
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Anca-Ligia Grosu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Gabriele Niedermann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
The Enigma of Tripeptidyl-Peptidase II: Dual Roles in Housekeeping and Stress. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2010; 2010. [PMID: 20847939 PMCID: PMC2933905 DOI: 10.1155/2010/128478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2009] [Revised: 05/25/2010] [Accepted: 07/12/2010] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The tripeptidyl-peptidase II complex consists of repeated 138 kDa subunits, assembled into two twisted strands that form a high molecular weight complex (>5 MDa). TPPII, like many other cytosolic peptidases, plays a role in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway downstream of the proteasome as well as in the production and destruction of MHC class I antigens and degradation of neuropeptides. Tripeptidyl-peptidase II activity is increased in cells with an increased demand for protein degradation, but whether degradation of cytosolic peptides is the only cell biological role for TPPII has remained unclear. Recent data indicated that TPPII translocates into the nucleus to control DNA damage responses in malignant cells, supporting that cytosolic “housekeeping peptidases” may have additional roles in cell biology, besides their contribution to protein turnover. Overall, TPPII has an emerging importance in several cancer-related fields, such as metabolism, cell death control, and control of genome integrity; roles that are not understood in detail. The present paper reviews the cell biology of TPPII and discusses distinct roles for TPPII in the nucleus and cytosol.
Collapse
|
7
|
Preta G, de Klark R, Glas R. A role for nuclear translocation of tripeptidyl-peptidase II in reactive oxygen species-dependent DNA damage responses. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 389:575-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2009] [Accepted: 09/04/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|