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Huang Q, An R, Wang H, Yang Y, Tang C, Wang J, Yu W, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Wu D, Li B, Yang H, Lu S, Peng X. Aggravated pneumonia and diabetes in SARS-CoV-2 infected diabetic mice. Emerg Microbes Infect 2023; 12:2203782. [PMID: 37060137 PMCID: PMC10155636 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2203782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Multiple clinical and epidemiological studies have shown an interconnection between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and diabetes, but experimental evidence is still lacking. Understanding the interplay between them is important because of the global health burden of COVID-19 and diabetes. We found that C57BL/6J mice were susceptible to the alpha strain of SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, diabetic C57BL/6J mice with leptin receptor gene deficiency (db/db mice) showed a higher viral load in the throat and lung and slower virus clearance in the throat after infection than C57BL/6J mice. Histological and multifactor analysis revealed more advanced pulmonary injury and serum inflammation in SARS-CoV-2 infected diabetic mice. Moreover, SARS-CoV-2 infected diabetic mice exhibited more severe insulin resistance and islet cell loss than uninfected diabetic mice. By RNA sequencing analysis, we found that diabetes may reduce the collagen level, suppress the immune response and aggravate inflammation in the lung after infection, which may account for the greater susceptibility of diabetic mice and their more severe lung damage after infection. In summary, we successfully established a SARS-CoV-2 infected diabetic mice model and demonstrated that diabetes and COVID-19 were risk factors for one another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Huang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan, China
| | - Ran An
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan, China
| | - Haixuan Wang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan, China
| | - Yun Yang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan, China
| | - Cong Tang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan, China
| | - Junbin Wang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan, China
| | - Wenhai Yu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan, China
| | - Yanan Zhou
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan, China
| | - Yongmei Zhang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan, China
| | - Daoju Wu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan, China
| | - Bai Li
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan, China
| | - Shuaiyao Lu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaozhong Peng
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Costa-Madeira JC, Trindade GB, Almeida PHP, Silva JS, Carregaro V. T Lymphocyte Exhaustion During Human and Experimental Visceral Leishmaniasis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:835711. [PMID: 35585983 PMCID: PMC9108272 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.835711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A key point of immunity against protozoan Leishmania parasites is the development of an optimal T cell response, which includes a low apoptotic rate, high proliferative activity and polyfunctionality. During acute infection, antigen-specific T cells recognize the pathogen resulting in pathogen control but not elimination, promoting the development and the maintenance of a population of circulating effector cells that mount rapid response quickly after re-exposure to the parasite. However, in the case of visceral disease, the functionality of specific T cells is lost during chronic infection, resulting in inferior effector functions, poor response to specific restimulation, and suboptimal homeostatic proliferation, a term referred to as T cell exhaustion. Multiple factors, including parasite load, infection duration and host immunity, affect T lymphocyte exhaustion. These factors contribute to antigen persistence by promoting inhibitory receptor expression and sustained production of soluble mediators, influencing suppressive cell function and the release of endogenous molecules into chronically inflamed tissue. Together, these signals encourage several changes, reprogramming cells into a quiescent state, which reflects disease progression to more severe forms, and development of acquired resistance to conventional drugs to treat the disease. These points are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana C. Costa-Madeira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University from São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Gabrielly B. Trindade
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University from São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Paulo H. P. Almeida
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University from São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - João S. Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University from São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- Fiocruz-Bi-Institutional Translational Medicine Project, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Carregaro
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University from São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Hooper KM, Kong W, Ganea D. Prostaglandin E2 inhibits Tr1 cell differentiation through suppression of c-Maf. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179184. [PMID: 28604806 PMCID: PMC5467903 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a major lipid mediator abundant at inflammatory sites, acts as a proinflammatory agent in models of inflammatory/autoimmune diseases by promoting CD4 Th1/Th17 differentiation. Regulatory T cells, including the IL-10 producing Tr1 cells counterbalance the proinflammatory activity of effector Th1/Th17 cells. Tr1 cell differentiation and function are induced by IL-27, and depend primarily on sustained expression of c-Maf in addition to AhR and Blimp-1. In agreement with the in vivo proinflammatory role of PGE2, here we report for the first time that PGE2 inhibits IL-27-induced differentiation and IL-10 production of murine CD4+CD49b+LAG-3+Foxp3- Tr1 cells. The inhibitory effect of PGE2 was mediated through EP4 receptors and induction of cAMP, leading to a significant reduction in c-Maf expression. Although PGE2 reduced IL-21 production in differentiating Tr1 cells, its inhibitory effect on Tr1 differentiation and c-Maf expression also occurred independent of IL-21 signaling. PGE2 did not affect STAT1/3 activation, AhR expression and only marginally reduced Egr-2/Blimp-1 expression. The effect of PGE2 on CD4+CD49b+LAG-3+ Tr1 differentiation was not associated with either induction of Foxp3 or IL-17 production, suggesting a lack of transdifferentiation into Foxp3+ Treg or effector Th17 cells. We recently reported that PGE2 inhibits the expression and production of IL-27 from activated conventional dendritic cells (cDC) in vivo and in vitro. The present study indicates that PGE2 also reduces murine Tr1 differentiation and function directly by acting on IL-27-differentiating Tr1 cells. Together, the ability of PGE2 to inhibit IL-27 production by cDC, and the direct inhibitory effect on Tr1 differentiation mediated through reduction in c-Maf expression, represent a new mechanistic perspective for the proinflammatory activity of PGE2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Mary Hooper
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Weimin Kong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Doina Ganea
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Yan A, You H, Zhang X. Levels of Interleukin 27 and Interleukin 35 in the Serum and Vitreous of Patients with Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2016; 26:273-279. [PMID: 27537610 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2016.1203959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the role of interleukin 27(IL-27) and interleukin 35 (IL-35) in diabetic retinopathy (DR). METHODS Patients with diabetes mellitus were divided into three groups: diabetes without retinopathy (DWR), non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Patients with idiopathic macular epiretinal membrane (IMEM) were included as a control group. The serum and vitreous levels of IL-27 and IL-35 were measured using ELISA. RESULTS The serum levels of IL-27 (median 240.900 pg/mL, range 42.224 - 617.810 pg/mL; p < 0.001) and IL-35 (median 11.875 ng/mL, range 8.640 - 19.340 ng/mL; p < 0.001) were significantly decreased in PDR patients compared to controls (median 2712.310 pg/mL, range 1005.375-5786.877 pg/mL and median 25.185 ng/mL, range 22.845 - 29.590 ng/mL, respectively). The vitreous levels of IL-35 were significantly decreased in PDR patients (16.32 ± 3.24 ng/mL) compared to controls (24.54 ± 5.86 ng/mL, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Serum and vitreous levels of IL-35 and serum level of IL-27 may be associated with the pathogenesis of PDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Yan
- a The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, and Chongqing Eye Institute , Chongqing , China
| | - Hui You
- a The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, and Chongqing Eye Institute , Chongqing , China
| | - Xuedong Zhang
- a The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, and Chongqing Eye Institute , Chongqing , China
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The effect of interleukins 27 and 35 and their role on mediating the action of insulin Like Growth Factor -1 on the inflammation and blood flow of chronically inflamed rat knee joint. Cytokine 2016; 81:117-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2016.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Zare A, Karimi MH, Rashki A, Geramizadeh B, Afshari A, Miri HR, Yaghobi R. Association of the Interleukin-27 Gene Expression and Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Liver Transplanted Patients. EXP CLIN TRANSPLANT 2016; 15:554-560. [PMID: 26925776 DOI: 10.6002/ect.2015.0243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hepatitis B viral infection is among the most common causes of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma and a frequent viral indication for liver transplant. Cytokine-mediated immunity plays a critical role in introducing and promoting hepatitis B virus outcomes and in graft microenvironment. Interleukin 27 is a heterodimeric cytokine and a member of interleukin-6/interleukin-12 family. Interleukin-27 shows a broad range of pro- and antiinflammatory properties and plays a determining role during immune responses in combating hepatitis B virus. Therefore, in this study, the possible association between expressions of interleukin-27 gene with hepatitis B virus infection was evaluated in liver transplant patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a cross-sectional study from liver transplant patients with the risk of hepatitis B virus infection who admitted to Namazi Hospital affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 50 patients were selected and subgrouped to 25 hepatitis B virus-infected and 25 noninfected ones between years 2011 and 2013. The 25 healthy controls also were enrolled in this study. The presence of hepatitis B virus infection was assessed using polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay protocols in liver transplant patients. In addition, the interleukin-27 gene expression level was analyzed using an in-house-SYBER Green real time polymerase chain reaction method. The rate of interleukin-27 gene expression level was statistically analyzed in studied patient groups and controls using the Livak (2-▵▵CT) method. RESULTS The expression level of interleukin-27 gene was increased 10.27- and 2.36-fold in hepatitis B virus-infected and uninfected liver transplanted patients compared with healthy controls. CONCLUSION Hepatitis B virus infection can lead to overexpression of interleukin-27 gene in liver transplant patients compared with uninfected ones and controls. However, further studies are needed to characterize the effective antihepatitis B virus effects of interleukin-27 in liver transplant patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdolhossein Zare
- From the Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Zabol University, Zabol; and the Shiraz Transplant Research Center-Shiraz University of Medical Sciences-Shiraz, Iran
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Meng H, Gong J, Fang L, Song Z, Wu F, Zhou B, Qian M. Effect of interferon-γ on NF-κB and cytokine IL-18 and IL-27 in acute pancreatitis. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2014; 13:114-8. [PMID: 23725508 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2013.2391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of our work was to evaluate the effect of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) on cytokine expression in rat acute pancreatitis (AP). AP was introduced to rats which were divided into Control, AP and IFN-γ group. Rats in the AP and IFN-γ group were sacrificed as 6, 12 and 24 h after IFN-γ treatment. The serum amylase (AMA), endotoxin and cytokines were detected. The pathological examination and immunofluorescence staining of pancreas for TNF-α, NF-κB and IL-18 were performed. The serum AMA increased significantly at 6 h and reduced at 48 h after AP. The increase in IFN-γ was higher than that in AMA. IL-18 increased in the AP and IFN group, and IFN increased markedly at 48 h after AP. IL-27 reduced at 24 h after AP compared with AP group. In the AP group, the immunostaining of cytokines increased. In the IFN group, the edema in the pancreas was more severe, and NF-κB and IL-18 expression was higher than that in the other two groups. IFN-γ can increase serum IL-18 and reduce IL-27 in AP. IFN-γ can increase serum IL-18 and reduce serum IL-27 in AP. The increase in NF-κB and IL-18 may exert influence on pro-inflammatory cytokines to deteriorate inflammation in the pancreas. Thus, to control the IFN-γ might has promise to attenuate pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Meng
- Department of General Surgery, Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, China
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Moraes-Vieira PMM, Larocca RA, Bassi EJ, Peron JPS, Andrade-Oliveira V, Wasinski F, Araujo R, Thornley T, Quintana FJ, Basso AS, Strom TB, Câmara NOS. Leptin deficiency impairs maturation of dendritic cells and enhances induction of regulatory T and Th17 cells. Eur J Immunol 2014; 44:794-806. [PMID: 24271843 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201343592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Revised: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Leptin is an adipose-secreted hormone that plays an important role in both metabolism and immunity. Leptin has been shown to induce Th1-cell polarization and inhibit Th2-cell responses. Additionally, leptin induces Th17-cell responses, inhibits regulatory T (Treg) cells and modulates autoimmune diseases. Here, we investigated whether leptin mediates its activity on T cells by influencing dendritic cells (DCs) to promote Th17 and Treg-cell immune responses in mice. We observed that leptin deficiency (i) reduced the expression of DC maturation markers, (ii) decreased DC production of IL-12, TNF-α, and IL-6, (iii) increased DC production of TGF-β, and (iv) limited the capacity of DCs to induce syngeneic CD4(+) T-cell proliferation. As a consequence of this unique phenotype, DCs generated under leptin-free conditions induced Treg or TH 17 cells more efficiently than DCs generated in the presence of leptin. These data indicate important roles for leptin in DC homeostasis and the initiation and maintenance of inflammatory and regulatory immune responses by DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro M M Moraes-Vieira
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Medical Deaconess Center, Transplant Institute, Boston, MA, USA
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Infection duration and inflammatory imbalance are associated with atherosclerotic risk in HIV-infected never-smokers independent of antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 2013; 27:2603-14. [PMID: 24100713 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0b013e3283634819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether the reported increased atherosclerotic risk among HIV-infected individuals is related to antiretroviral therapy (ART) or HIV infection, whether this risk persists in never-smokers, and whether inflammatory profiles are associated with higher risk. DESIGN Matched cross-sectional study. METHODS A total of 100 HIV-infected patients (50 ART-treated >4 years, 50 ART-naive but HIV-infected >2 years) and 50 HIV-negative controls were recruited in age-matched never-smoking male triads (mean age 40.2 years). Carotid intima-media maximal thickness (c-IMT) was measured across 12 sites. Pro-inflammatory [highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), resistin, interleukin-6, interleukin-18, insulin, serum amyloid A, D-dimer) and anti-inflammatory (total and high molecular weight adiponectin, interleukin-27, interleukin-10) markers were dichotomized into high/low scores (based on median values). c-IMT was compared across HIV/treatment groups or inflammatory profiles using linear regression models adjusted for age, diabetes, hypertension, and, for HIV-infected patients, nadir CD4 cell counts. RESULTS Although adjusted c-IMT initially tended to be thicker in ART-exposed patients (P=0.2), in post-hoc analyses stratifying by median HIV duration we observed significantly higher adjusted c-IMT in patients with longer (>7.9 years: 0.760±0.008 mm) versus shorter prevalent duration of known HIV infection (<7.9 years: 0.731±0.008 mm, P=0.02), which remained significant after additionally adjusting for ART (P=0.04). Individuals with low anti-inflammatory profile (<median versus >median score) had thicker c-IMT (0.754±0.006mm versus 0.722±0.006 mm, P<0.001), with anti-inflammatory markers declining as prevalent duration of HIV infection increased (P for linear trend <0.001). CONCLUSION Known HIV duration is related to thicker c-IMT, irrespective of ART, in these carefully selected age-matched never-smoking HIV-treated and ART-naive male individuals. Higher levels of anti-inflammatory markers appeared protective for atherosclerosis.
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Pan HF, Tao JH, Ye DQ. Therapeutic potential of IL-27 in systemic lupus erythematosus. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2010; 14:479-84. [PMID: 20350048 DOI: 10.1517/14728221003769911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease characterized by a diverse array of autoantibody production, complement activation and immune complex deposition, causing tissue and organ damage. Effective medical treatment for SLE is lacking because the etiology and pathogenesis of SLE are incompletely understood. It has been confirmed that cytokine-mediated immunity plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases including SLE. Recently, IL-27 was identified, which belongs to the IL-12 cytokine family. IL-27 exerts profound anti-inflammatory effects in several experimental autoimmune models. In particular, suppressive effects on T(H)17 cells, which are implicated in the pathogenesis of SLE. Moreover, administration of IL-27 or augmentation of IL-27 signaling suppresses some autoimmune diseases, including autoimmune diabetes and murine lupus, suggesting that IL-27 may be therapeutically relevant in SLE. In this article, we discuss the biological features of IL-27 and summarize recent advances on the role of IL-27 in the pathogenesis and treatment of SLE. Even though IL-27 has shown therapeutic potential in SLE, further research, particularly in humans, is needed in order to establish the precise role of IL-27 in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Feng Pan
- Anhui Medical University, School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China
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Lafdil F, Wang H, Park O, Zhang W, Moritoki Y, Yin S, Fu XY, Gershwin ME, Lian ZX, Gao B. Myeloid STAT3 inhibits T cell-mediated hepatitis by regulating T helper 1 cytokine and interleukin-17 production. Gastroenterology 2009; 137:2125-35.e1-2. [PMID: 19686746 PMCID: PMC2789897 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2009.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2009] [Revised: 07/28/2009] [Accepted: 08/06/2009] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS T cell-mediated hepatitis is a leading cause of acute liver failure; there is no effective treatment, and the mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis are obscure. The aim of this study was to investigate the immune cell-signaling pathways involved-specifically the role of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)-in T cell-mediated hepatitis in mice. METHODS T cell-mediated hepatitis was induced in mice by injection of concanavalin A (Con A). Mice with myeloid cell-specific and T-cell-specific deletion of STAT3 were generated. RESULTS STAT3 was activated in myeloid and T cells following Con A injection. Deletion of STAT3 specifically from myeloid cells exacerbated T-cell hepatitis and induced STAT1-dependent production of a T helper cell (Th)1 cytokine (interferon [IFN]-gamma) and to a lesser extent of Th17 cytokines (interleukin [IL]-17 and IL-22) in a STAT1-independent manner. In contrast, deletion of STAT3 in T cells reduced T cell-mediated hepatitis and IL-17 production. Furthermore, deletion of IFN-gamma completely abolished Con A-induced T-cell hepatitis, whereas deletion of IL-17 slightly but significantly reduced such injury. In vitro experiments indicated that IL-17 promoted liver inflammation but inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Myeloid STAT3 activation inhibits T cell-mediated hepatitis via suppression of a Th1 cytokine (IFN-gamma) in a STAT1-dependent manner, whereas STAT3 activation in T cells promotes T-cell hepatitis to a lesser extent, via induction of IL-17. Therefore, activation of STAT3 in myeloid cells could be a novel therapeutic strategy for patients with T-cell hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouad Lafdil
- Section on Liver Biology, Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Hua Wang
- Section on Liver Biology, Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ogyi Park
- Section on Liver Biology, Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Weici Zhang
- Division of Rheumatology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Yuki Moritoki
- Division of Rheumatology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Shi Yin
- Section on Liver Biology, Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Xin Yuan Fu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and the Walther Oncology Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - M. Eric Gershwin
- Division of Rheumatology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Zhe-Xiong Lian
- Division of Rheumatology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Bin Gao
- Section on Liver Biology, Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Gridley DS, Rizvi A, Luo-Owen X, Makinde AY, Pecaut MJ. Low dose, low dose rate photon radiation modifies leukocyte distribution and gene expression in CD4(+) T cells. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2009; 50:139-50. [PMID: 19346678 DOI: 10.1269/jrr.08095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A better understanding of low dose radiation effects is needed to accurately estimate health risks. In this study, C57BL/6 mice were gamma-irradiated to total doses of 0, 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1 Gy ((57)Co; ~0.02 cGy/h). Subsets per group were euthanized at the end of irradiation (day 0) and on days 4 and 21 thereafter. Relative spleen mass and splenic white blood cell (WBC) counts, major leukocyte populations, and spontaneous DNA synthesis were consistently higher in the irradiated groups on day 0 compared to 0 Gy controls, although significance was not always obtained. In the spleen, all three major leukocyte types were significantly elevated on day 0 (P < 0.05). By day 21 post-irradiation the T, B, and natural killer (NK) cell counts, as well as CD4(+) T cells and CD4:CD8 T cell ratio, were low especially in the 0.01 Gy group. Although blood analyses showed no significant differences in leukocyte counts or red blood cell and platelet characteristics, the total T cells, CD4(+) T cells, and NK cells were increased by day 21 after 0.01 Gy (P < 0.05). Gene analysis of CD4(+) T cells negatively isolated from spleens on day 0 after 0.1 Gy showed significantly enhanced expression of Il27 and Tcfcp2, whereas Inha and Socs5 were down-regulated by 0.01 Gy and 0.1 Gy, respectively (P < 0.05). A trend for enhancement was noted in two additional genes (Il1r1 and Tbx21) in the 0.1 Gy group (P < 0.1). The data show that protracted low dose photons had dose- and time-dependent effects on CD4(+) T cells after whole-body exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daila S Gridley
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Loma Linda University and Medical Center, CA 92354, USA.
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