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Sirkkunan D, Pingguan-Murphy B, Muhamad F. Directing Axonal Growth: A Review on the Fabrication of Fibrous Scaffolds That Promotes the Orientation of Axons. Gels 2021; 8:gels8010025. [PMID: 35049560 PMCID: PMC8775123 DOI: 10.3390/gels8010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissues are commonly defined as groups of cells that have similar structure and uniformly perform a specialized function. A lesser-known fact is that the placement of these cells within these tissues plays an important role in executing its functions, especially for neuronal cells. Hence, the design of a functional neural scaffold has to mirror these cell organizations, which are brought about by the configuration of natural extracellular matrix (ECM) structural proteins. In this review, we will briefly discuss the various characteristics considered when making neural scaffolds. We will then focus on the cellular orientation and axonal alignment of neural cells within their ECM and elaborate on the mechanisms involved in this process. A better understanding of these mechanisms could shed more light onto the rationale of fabricating the scaffolds for this specific functionality. Finally, we will discuss the scaffolds used in neural tissue engineering (NTE) and the methods used to fabricate these well-defined constructs.
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Saini V, Kaur T, Kalotra S, Kaur G. The neuroplasticity marker PSA-NCAM: Insights into new therapeutic avenues for promoting neuroregeneration. Pharmacol Res 2020; 160:105186. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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3
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Shastry DG, Karande P. Microarrays for the screening and identification of carbohydrate-binding peptides. Analyst 2019; 144:7378-7389. [PMID: 31670365 DOI: 10.1039/c9an01465a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of carbohydrate-binding ligands is crucial for expanding knowledge on the glycocode and for achieving systematic carbohydrate targeting. Amongst such ligands, carbohydrate-binding peptides (CBPs) are attractive for use in bioanalytical and biomedical systems due to their biochemical and physicochemical properties; moreover, given the biological significance of lectin-carbohydrate interactions, these ligands offer an opportunity to study peptide sequence and binding characteristics to inform on natural target/ligand interactions. Here, a high-throughput microarray screening technique is described for the identification and study of CBPs, with a focus on polysialic acid (PSA), a polysaccharide found on neural stem cells. The chemical and biological uniqueness of PSA suggests that an ability to exclusively target this glycan may promote a number of diagnostic and therapeutic applications. PSA-binding peptides from phage display screening and from epitope mapping of an scFv for oligosialic acid were screened in an optimized microarray format with three ligand density conditions. Hypothesis-driven mutations were additionally applied to select peptides to modulate peptide affinity and selectivity to PSA. Peptide compositional and positional analyses revealed the significance of various residues for PSA binding and suggested the importance of basic residue positioning for PSA recognition. Furthermore, selectivity studies performed directly on microarrays with chondroitin sulfate A (CS-A) demonstrated the value of screening for both affinity and selectivity in the development of CBPs. Thus, the integrated approach described, with attention to design strategy, screening, and peptide characterization, successfully identified novel PSA-binding ligands and offers a platform for the identification and study of additional polysaccharide-binding peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya G Shastry
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
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4
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Bioproduction, purification, and application of polysialic acid. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:9403-9409. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9336-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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de Vries I, Busse C, Kopatz J, Neumann H, Beutel S, Scheper T. Polysialic acid production using Escherichia coli K1 in a disposable bag reactor. Eng Life Sci 2017; 17:723-731. [PMID: 32624817 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201600220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Polysialic acid (polySia), consisting of α-(2,8)-linked N-acetylneuraminic acid monomers plays a crucial role in many biological processes. This study presents a novel process for the production of endogenous polySia using Escherichia coli K1 in a disposable bag reactor with wave-induced mixing. Disposable bag reactors provide easy and fast production in terms of regulatory requirements as GMP, flexibility, and can easily be adjusted to larger production capacities not only by scale up but also by parallelization. Due to the poor oxygen transfer rate compared to a stirred tank reactor, pure oxygen was added during the cultivation to avoid oxygen limitation. During the exponential growth phase the growth rate was 0.61 h-1. Investigation of stress-related product release from the cell surface showed no significant differences between the disposable bag reactor with wave-induced mixing and the stirred tank reactor. After batch cultivation a cell dry weight of 6.8 g L-1 and a polySia concentration of 245 mg L-1 were reached. The total protein concentration in the supernatant was 132 mg L-1. After efficient and time-saving downstream processing characterization of the final product showed a protein content of below 0.04 mgprotein/gpolySia and a maximal chain length of ∼90 degree of polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingo de Vries
- Institute of Technical Chemistry Leibniz University Hannover Hannover Germany
| | - Christoph Busse
- Institute of Technical Chemistry Leibniz University Hannover Hannover Germany
| | - Jens Kopatz
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology University of Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Harald Neumann
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology University of Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Sascha Beutel
- Institute of Technical Chemistry Leibniz University Hannover Hannover Germany
| | - Thomas Scheper
- Institute of Technical Chemistry Leibniz University Hannover Hannover Germany
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Williams S, Neumann A, Bremer I, Su Y, Dräger G, Kasper C, Behrens P. Nanoporous silica nanoparticles as biomaterials: evaluation of different strategies for the functionalization with polysialic acid by step-by-step cytocompatibility testing. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2015; 26:125. [PMID: 25690616 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-015-5409-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Nanoporous silica materials have become a prominent novel class of biomaterials which are typically applied as nanoparticles or thin films. Their large surface area combined with the rich surface chemistry of amorphous silica affords the possibility to equip this material with variable functionalities, also with several different ones on the same particle or coating. Although many studies have shown that nanoporous silica is apparently non-toxic and basically biocompatible, any surface modification may change the surface properties considerably and, therefore, the modified materials should be checked for their biocompatibility at every step. Here we report on different silane-based functionalization strategies, firstly a conventional succinic anhydride-based linker system and, secondly, copper-catalyzed click chemistry, to bind polysialic acid, a polysaccharide important in neurogenesis, onto nanoporous silica nanoparticles (NPSNPs) of MCM-41 type. At each of the different modification steps, the materials are characterized by cell culture experiments. The results show that polysialic acid can be immobilized on the surface of NPSNPs by using different strategies. The cell culture experiments show that the kind of surface immobilization has a strong influence on the toxicity of the material versus the cells. Whereas most modifications appear inoffensive, NPSNPs modified by click reactions are toxic, probably due to residues of the Cu catalyst used in these reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Williams
- Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstraße 9, 30167, Hannover, Germany
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7
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Effects of polysialic acid on sensory innervation of the cornea. Dev Biol 2014; 398:193-205. [PMID: 25478909 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2014.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Sensory trigeminal growth cones innervate the cornea in a coordinated fashion during embryonic development. Polysialic acid (polySia) is known for its important roles during nerve development and regeneration. The purpose of this work is to determine whether polySia, present in developing eyefronts and on the surface of sensory nerves, may provide guidance cues to nerves during corneal innervation. Expression and localization of polySia in embryonic day (E)5-14 chick eyefronts and E9 trigeminal ganglia were identified using Western blotting and immunostaining. Effects of polySia removal on trigeminal nerve growth behavior were determined in vivo, using exogenous endoneuraminidase (endoN) treatments to remove polySia substrates during chick cornea development, and in vitro, using neuronal explant cultures. PolySia substrates, made by the physical adsorption of colominic acid to a surface coated with poly-d-lysine (PDL), were used as a model to investigate functions of the polySia expressed in axonal environments. PolySia was localized within developing eyefronts and on trigeminal sensory nerves. Distributions of PolySia in corneas and pericorneal regions are developmentally regulated. PolySia removal caused defasciculation of the limbal nerve trunk in vivo from E7 to E10. Removal of polySia on trigeminal neurites inhibited neurite outgrowth and caused axon defasciculation, but did not affect Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule (NCAM) expression or Schwann cell migration in vitro. PolySia substrates in vitro inhibited outgrowth of trigeminal neurites and promoted their fasciculation. In conclusion, polySia is localized on corneal nerves and in their targeting environment during early developing stages of chick embryos. PolySias promote fasciculation of trigeminal axons in vivo and in vitro, whereas, in contrast, their removal promotes defasciculation.
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Struzyna LA, Katiyar K, Cullen DK. Living scaffolds for neuroregeneration. CURRENT OPINION IN SOLID STATE & MATERIALS SCIENCE 2014; 18:308-318. [PMID: 28736499 PMCID: PMC5520662 DOI: 10.1016/j.cossms.2014.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Neural tissue engineers are exploiting key mechanisms responsible for neural cell migration and axonal path finding during embryonic development to create living scaffolds for neuroregeneration following injury and disease. These mechanisms involve the combined use of haptotactic, chemotactic, and mechanical cues to direct cell movement and re-growth. Living scaffolds provide these cues through the use of cells engineered in a predefined architecture, generally in combination with biomaterial strategies. Although several hurdles exist in the implementation of living regenerative scaffolds, there are considerable therapeutic advantages to using living cells in conjunction with biomaterials. The leading contemporary living scaffolds for neurorepair are utilizing aligned glial cells and neuronal/axonal tracts to direct regenerating axons across damaged tissue to appropriate targets, and in some cases to directly replace the function of lost cells. Future advances in technology, including the use of exogenous stimulation and genetically engineered stem cells, will further the potential of living scaffolds and drive a new era of personalized medicine for neuroregeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Struzyna
- Center for Brain Injury and Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Kritika Katiyar
- Center for Brain Injury and Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - D Kacy Cullen
- Center for Brain Injury and Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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9
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da Silva CA, de Morais ECP, Costa MDM, Ribas JLC, Guiloski IC, Ramsdorf WA, Zanata SM, Cestari MM, Ribeiro CAO, Magalhães VF, Trudeau VL, de Assis HCS. Saxitoxins induce cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and oxidative stress in teleost neurons in vitro. Toxicon 2014; 86:8-15. [PMID: 24813331 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2014.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2014] [Revised: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was establish a protocol for isolation and primary culture of neurons from tropical freshwater fish species Hoplias malabaricus for assessment of the effects of neurotoxic substances as saxitoxins (STXs). Cells from brain of H. malabaricus were treated with different concentrations of trypsin, dispase and papain for tissue dissociation. Cells type was separated by cellular gradient and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) supplement nutrition media were added. The dissociated cells were plated with medium and different STXs concentrations and the toxic cellular effects such as oxidative stress, neurotoxicity, and genotoxicity and apoptosis process were evaluated. Cultures treated with bFGF showed the greatest adherence, survival and cellular development. STXs increased specific activity of glutathione peroxidase and lipoperoxidation levels, were cytotoxic and genotoxic indicated by the comet assay. Although the STXs effects due the blockage of sodium channels is reported to be reversible, the time exposure and concentration of STXs suggested cellular injuries which can lead to neuropathology. The establishment of primary neuronal culture protocol enables new applications for neurotoxicological assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar Aparecido da Silva
- Ecology and Conservation Post-graduate Program, Federal University of Paraná, 81531-990, P.O. Box 19031, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Michele Dietrich Moura Costa
- Department of Basic Pathology, Federal University of Paraná, 81531-990, P.O. Box 19031, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - João Luiz Coelho Ribas
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, 81531-990, P.O. Box 19031, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Izonete Cristina Guiloski
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, 81531-990, P.O. Box 19031, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Wanessa A Ramsdorf
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná, 81531-990, P.O. Box 19031, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Silvio Marques Zanata
- Department of Basic Pathology, Federal University of Paraná, 81531-990, P.O. Box 19031, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marta M Cestari
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná, 81531-990, P.O. Box 19031, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Valéria F Magalhães
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Vance L Trudeau
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, K1N 6N5 Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Helena C Silva de Assis
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, 81531-990, P.O. Box 19031, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
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10
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He B, Yuan X, Jiang D. Molecular self-assembly guides the fabrication of peptide nanofiber scaffolds for nerve repair. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra01826e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The particular features render ionic self-complementary peptide-formed and peptide amphiphile-formed nanofiber scaffolds to be compelling biomaterial substrates for nerve repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin He
- Department of Orthopedics
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Yuan
- Department of Cardiology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing, China
| | - Dianming Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing, China
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Du J, Tan E, Kim HJ, Zhang A, Bhattacharya R, Yarema KJ. Comparative evaluation of chitosan, cellulose acetate, and polyethersulfone nanofiber scaffolds for neural differentiation. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 99:483-90. [PMID: 24274534 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Based on accumulating evidence that the 3D topography and the chemical features of a growth surface influence neuronal differentiation, we combined these two features by evaluating the cytotoxicity, proliferation, and differentiation of the rat PC12 line and human neural stem cells (hNSCs) on chitosan (CS), cellulose acetate (CA), and polyethersulfone (PES)-derived electrospun nanofibers that had similar diameters, centered in the 200-500 nm range. None of the nanofibrous materials were cytotoxic compared to 2D (e.g., flat surface) controls; however, proliferation generally was inhibited on the nanofibrous scaffolds although to a lesser extent on the polysaccharide-derived materials compared to PES. In an exception to the trend toward slower growth on the 3D substrates, hNSCs differentiated on the CS nanofibers proliferated faster than the 2D controls and both cell types showed enhanced indication of neuronal differentiation on the CS scaffolds. Together, these results demonstrate beneficial attributes of CS for neural tissue engineering when this polysaccharide is used in the context of the defined 3D topography found in electrospun nanofibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Du
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Translational Tissue Engineering Center, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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12
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In vivo biocompatibility of PLGA-polyhexylthiophene nanofiber scaffolds in a rat model. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:390518. [PMID: 23971031 PMCID: PMC3736537 DOI: 10.1155/2013/390518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Electroactive polymers have applications in tissue engineering as a physical template for cell adhesion and carry electrical signals to improve tissue regeneration. Present study demonstrated the biocompatibility and biodegradability of poly(lactide-co-glycolide)-poly(3-hexylthiophene) (PLGA-PHT) blend electrospun scaffolds in a subcutaneous rat model. The biocompatibility of PLGA-undoped PHT, PLGA-doped PHT, and aligned PLGA-doped PHT nanofibers was evaluated and compared with random PLGA fibers. The animals were sacrificed at 2, 4, and 8 weeks; the surrounding tissue along with the implant was removed to evaluate biocompatibility and biodegradability by histologic analysis and GPC, respectively. Histology results demonstrated that all scaffolds except PLGA-undoped PHT showed decrease in inflammation over time. It was observed that the aligned PLGA-doped PHT fibers elicited moderate response at 2 weeks, which further reduced to a mild response over time with well-organized tissue structure and collagen deposition. The degradation of aligned nanofibers was found to be very slow when compared to random fibers. Further, there was no reduction in the molecular weight of undoped form of PHT throughout the study. These experiments revealed the biocompatibility and biodegradability of PLGA-PHT nanofibers that potentiate it to be used as a biomaterial for various applications.
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Zavan B, Abatangelo G, Mazzoleni F, Bassetto F, Cortivo R, Vindigni V. New 3D hyaluronan-based scaffold forin vitroreconstruction of the rat sciatic nerve. Neurol Res 2013; 30:190-6. [DOI: 10.1179/174313208x281082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Qu J, Wang D, Wang H, Dong Y, Zhang F, Zuo B, Zhang H. Electrospun silk fibroin nanofibers in different diameters support neurite outgrowth and promote astrocyte migration. J Biomed Mater Res A 2013; 101:2667-78. [PMID: 23427060 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Revised: 11/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nerve tissue engineering has been one of the promising strategies for regenerative treatment in patients suffering from neural tissue loss, but considerable challenges remain before it is able to progress toward clinical application. It has been demonstrated that transplantation of cells in combination with physically or chemically modified biomaterials provides better environments for neurite outgrowth and further promotes axonal regeneration in animal models of spinal cord injury. In this study, neurons and astrocytes were incorporated into 400-nm, 800-nm, and 1200-nm electrospun Bombyx mori silk fibroin (SF) materials to investigate the effects of scaffold-diameter in regulating and directing cell behaviors. β-III-tubulin immunofluorescence analyses reveal that SF nanofibers with smaller diameters are more favorable to the development and maturation of subventricular zone-derived neurons than 1200-nm SF scaffolds. In addition, astrocytes exhibited well-arranged glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression on SF scaffolds, and a significant increase in cell-spreading area was observed on 400-nm but not 1200-nm SF scaffolds. Moreover, a significantly enhanced migration efficiency of astrocytes grown on SF scaffolds was verified, which highlights the guiding roles of SF nanofibers to the migratory cells. Overall, our results may provide valuable information to develop effective tissue remodeling substrates and to optimize existing biomaterials for neural tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Qu
- Department of Cell Biology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China
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Lu X, Wang L, Yang Z, Lu H. Strategies of polyhydroxyalkanoates modification for the medical application in neural regeneration/nerve tissue engineering. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/abb.2013.46097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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16
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Li X, Katsanevakis E, Liu X, Zhang N, Wen X. Engineering neural stem cell fates with hydrogel design for central nervous system regeneration. Prog Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2012.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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17
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Galuska SP, Geyer H, Mink W, Kaese P, Kühnhardt S, Schäfer B, Mühlenhoff M, Freiberger F, Gerardy-Schahn R, Geyer R. Glycomic strategy for efficient linkage analysis of di-, oligo- and polysialic acids. J Proteomics 2012; 75:5266-78. [PMID: 22728599 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2012.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2012] [Revised: 06/07/2012] [Accepted: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sialic acid polymers of glycoproteins and glycolipids are characterized by a high diversity in nature and are involved in distinct biological processes depending inter alia on the glycosidic linkages between the present sialic acid residues. Though suitable protocols are available for chain length and sialic acid determination, sensitive methods for linkage analysis of di-, oligo-, and polysialic acids (di/oligo/polySia) are still pending. In this study, we have established a highly sensitive glycomic strategy for this purpose which is based on permethylation of di/oligo/polySia after tagging their reducing ends with the fluorescent dye 1,2-diamino-4,5-methylenedioxybenzene (DMB). Using DMB-labeled sialic acid di/oligo/polymers glycosidic linkages could be efficiently determined and, optionally, the established working procedure can be combined with HPLC for in depth characterization of distinct di/oligo/polySia chains. Moreover, the outlined approach can be directly applied to mammalian tissue samples and linkage analysis of sialic acid polymers present in biopsy samples of neuroblastoma tissue demonstrating the usefulness of the outlined work flow to screen, for example, cancer tissue for the presence of distinct variants of di/oligo/polySia as potentially novel biomarkers. Hence, the described strategy offers a highly sensitive and efficient strategy for identification of glycosidic linkages in sialic acid di/oligo/polymers of glycoproteins and glycolipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian P Galuska
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Giessen, Friedrichstrasse 24, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
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18
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Lin H, Liu F, Zhang C, Zhang Z, Kong Z, Zhang X, Hoffman RM. Characterization of Nerve Conduits Seeded with Neurons and Schwann Cells Derived from Hair Follicle Neural Crest Stem Cells. Tissue Eng Part A 2011; 17:1691-8. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2010.0514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Lin
- Department of Anatomy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Chuansen Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhiying Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhengdong Kong
- Department of Anatomy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Robert M. Hoffman
- AntiCancer, Inc., San Diego, California
- Department of Surgery, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California
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19
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Biazar E, Khorasani MT, Montazeri N, Pourshamsian K, Daliri M, Rezaei M, Jabarvand M, Khoshzaban A, Heidari S, Jafarpour M, Roviemiab Z. Types of neural guides and using nanotechnology for peripheral nerve reconstruction. Int J Nanomedicine 2010; 5:839-52. [PMID: 21042546 PMCID: PMC2963930 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s11883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injuries can lead to lifetime loss of function and permanent disfigurement. Different methods, such as conventional allograft procedures and use of biologic tubes present problems when used for damaged peripheral nerve reconstruction. Designed scaffolds comprised of natural and synthetic materials are now widely used in the reconstruction of damaged tissues. Utilization of absorbable and nonabsorbable synthetic and natural polymers with unique characteristics can be an appropriate solution to repair damaged nerve tissues. Polymeric nanofibrous scaffolds with properties similar to neural structures can be more effective in the reconstruction process. Better cell adhesion and migration, more guiding of axons, and structural features, such as porosity, provide a clearer role for nanofibers in the restoration of neural tissues. In this paper, basic concepts of peripheral nerve injury, types of artificial and natural guides, and methods to improve the performance of tubes, such as orientation, nanotechnology applications for nerve reconstruction, fibers and nanofibers, electrospinning methods, and their application in peripheral nerve reconstruction are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmaeil Biazar
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University-Tonekabon Branch, Iran.
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20
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Haastert-Talini K, Schaper-Rinkel J, Schmitte R, Bastian R, Mühlenhoff M, Schwarzer D, Draeger G, Su Y, Scheper T, Gerardy-Schahn R, Grothe C. In Vivo Evaluation of Polysialic Acid as Part of Tissue-Engineered Nerve Transplants. Tissue Eng Part A 2010; 16:3085-98. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2010.0180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Haastert-Talini
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Center for Systems Neurosciences (ZSN), Hannover, Germany
| | - Janett Schaper-Rinkel
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Center for Systems Neurosciences (ZSN), Hannover, Germany
| | - Ruth Schmitte
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Rode Bastian
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Martina Mühlenhoff
- Institute for Cellular Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - David Schwarzer
- Institute for Cellular Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gerald Draeger
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Yi Su
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Scheper
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Rita Gerardy-Schahn
- Center for Systems Neurosciences (ZSN), Hannover, Germany
- Institute for Cellular Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Claudia Grothe
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Center for Systems Neurosciences (ZSN), Hannover, Germany
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21
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Enhancement of polysialic acid yield by reducing initial phosphate and feeding ammonia water to Escherichia coli CCTCC M208088. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-009-3128-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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22
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Steinhaus S, Stark Y, Bruns S, Haile Y, Scheper T, Grothe C, Behrens P. Polysialic acid immobilized on silanized glass surfaces: a test case for its use as a biomaterial for nerve regeneration. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2010; 21:1371-1378. [PMID: 20119645 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-009-3981-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2009] [Accepted: 12/23/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The immobilization of polysialic acid (polySia) on glass substrates has been investigated with regard to the applicability of this polysaccharide as a novel, biocompatible and bioresorbable material for tissue engineering, especially with regard to its use in nerve regeneration. PolySia, a homopolymer of alpha-2,8-linked sialic acid, is involved in post-translational modification of the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM). The degradation of polySia can be controlled which makes it an interesting material for coating and for scaffold construction in tissue engineering. Here, we describe the immobilization of polySia on glass surfaces via an epoxysilane linker. Whereas glass surfaces will not actually be used in nerve regeneration scaffolds, they provide a simple and efficient means for testing various methods for the investigation of immobilized polySia. The modified surfaces were investigated with contact angle measurements and the quantity of immobilized polySia was examined by the thiobarbituric acid assay and a specific polySia-ELISA. The interactions between the polySia-modified surface and immortalized Schwann cells were evaluated via cell adhesion and cell viability assays. The results show that polySia can be immobilized on glass surfaces via the epoxysilane linker and that surface-bound polySia has no toxic effects on Schwann cells. Therefore, as a key substance in the development of vertebrates and as a favourable substrate for the cultivation of Schwann cells, it offers interesting features for the use in nerve guidance tubes for treatment of peripheral nerve injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Steinhaus
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Center for Solid-State Chemistry and New Materials, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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23
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Galuska SP, Geyer H, Bleckmann C, Röhrich RC, Maass K, Bergfeld AK, Mühlenhoff M, Geyer R. Mass Spectrometric Fragmentation Analysis of Oligosialic and Polysialic Acids. Anal Chem 2010; 82:2059-66. [DOI: 10.1021/ac902809q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian P. Galuska
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Giessen, Friedrichstrasse 24, D-35392 Giessen, Germany, and Institute of Cellular Chemistry, Medical School Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Hildegard Geyer
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Giessen, Friedrichstrasse 24, D-35392 Giessen, Germany, and Institute of Cellular Chemistry, Medical School Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Christina Bleckmann
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Giessen, Friedrichstrasse 24, D-35392 Giessen, Germany, and Institute of Cellular Chemistry, Medical School Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - René C. Röhrich
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Giessen, Friedrichstrasse 24, D-35392 Giessen, Germany, and Institute of Cellular Chemistry, Medical School Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Kai Maass
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Giessen, Friedrichstrasse 24, D-35392 Giessen, Germany, and Institute of Cellular Chemistry, Medical School Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Anne K. Bergfeld
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Giessen, Friedrichstrasse 24, D-35392 Giessen, Germany, and Institute of Cellular Chemistry, Medical School Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Martina Mühlenhoff
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Giessen, Friedrichstrasse 24, D-35392 Giessen, Germany, and Institute of Cellular Chemistry, Medical School Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Rudolf Geyer
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Giessen, Friedrichstrasse 24, D-35392 Giessen, Germany, and Institute of Cellular Chemistry, Medical School Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
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24
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Hildebrandt H, Mühlenhoff M, Gerardy-Schahn R. Polysialylation of NCAM. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2010; 663:95-109. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-1170-4_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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25
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Subramanian A, Krishnan UM, Sethuraman S. Development of biomaterial scaffold for nerve tissue engineering: Biomaterial mediated neural regeneration. J Biomed Sci 2009; 16:108. [PMID: 19939265 PMCID: PMC2790452 DOI: 10.1186/1423-0127-16-108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 329] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2009] [Accepted: 11/25/2009] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural tissue repair and regeneration strategies have received a great deal of attention because it directly affects the quality of the patient's life. There are many scientific challenges to regenerate nerve while using conventional autologous nerve grafts and from the newly developed therapeutic strategies for the reconstruction of damaged nerves. Recent advancements in nerve regeneration have involved the application of tissue engineering principles and this has evolved a new perspective to neural therapy. The success of neural tissue engineering is mainly based on the regulation of cell behavior and tissue progression through the development of a synthetic scaffold that is analogous to the natural extracellular matrix and can support three-dimensional cell cultures. As the natural extracellular matrix provides an ideal environment for topographical, electrical and chemical cues to the adhesion and proliferation of neural cells, there exists a need to develop a synthetic scaffold that would be biocompatible, immunologically inert, conducting, biodegradable, and infection-resistant biomaterial to support neurite outgrowth. This review outlines the rationale for effective neural tissue engineering through the use of suitable biomaterials and scaffolding techniques for fabrication of a construct that would allow the neurons to adhere, proliferate and eventually form nerves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Subramanian
- Center for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India.
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26
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Sima LE, Filimon A, Piticescu RM, Chitanu GC, Suflet DM, Miroiu M, Socol G, Mihailescu IN, Neamtu J, Negroiu G. Specific biofunctional performances of the hydroxyapatite-sodium maleate copolymer hybrid coating nanostructures evaluated by in vitro studies. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2009; 20:2305-2316. [PMID: 19543854 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-009-3800-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2008] [Accepted: 06/04/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The nanohybrid structures consisting of hydroxyapatite (HA) and sodium maleate-vinyl acetate copolymer (MP) deposited by Matrix Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation (MAPLE) technique on Ti surfaces were investigated for specific biological qualities required in bone implantology. The data from in vitro studies demonstrated that human primary osteoblasts (OBs) firmly adhered to Ti coated with HA-MP as indicated by cytoskeleton and vinculin dynamics. OBs spread onto biomaterial surface and formed groups of cells which during their biosynthetic activity expressed OB phenotype specific markers (collagen and non-collagenous proteins) and underwent controlled proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Sima
- Institute of Biochemistry, Romanian Academy, Splaiul Independentei 296, Bucharest 060031, Romania
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27
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Abstract
The rapid growth of infant brains places an exceptionally high demand on the supply of nutrients from the diet, particularly for preterm infants. Sialic acid (Sia) is an essential component of brain gangliosides and the polysialic acid (polySia) chains that modify neural cell adhesion molecules (NCAM). Sia levels are high in human breast milk, predominately as N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac). In contrast, infant formulas contain a low level of Sia consisting of both Neu5Ac and N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc). Neu5Gc is implicated in some human inflammatory diseases. Brain gangliosides and polysialylated NCAM play crucial roles in cell-to-cell interactions, neuronal outgrowth, modifying synaptic connectivity, and memory formation. In piglets, a diet rich in Sia increases the level of brain Sia and the expression of two learning-related genes and enhances learning and memory. The purpose of this review is to summarize the evidence showing the importance of dietary Sia as an essential nutrient for brain development and cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wang
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Molecular and Microbial Biosciences, University of Sydney, Australia and School of Medicine, Xiamen University, P. R. China.
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28
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Mehanna A, Mishra B, Kurschat N, Schulze C, Bian S, Loers G, Irintchev A, Schachner M. Polysialic acid glycomimetics promote myelination and functional recovery after peripheral nerve injury in mice. Brain 2009; 132:1449-62. [DOI: 10.1093/brain/awp128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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29
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Zacchigna S, Giacca M. Chapter 20 Gene Therapy Perspectives for Nerve Repair. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2009; 87:381-92. [DOI: 10.1016/s0074-7742(09)87020-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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30
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Jungnickel J, Brämer C, Bronzlik P, Lipokatic-Takacs E, Weinhold B, Gerardy-Schahn R, Grothe C. Level and localization of polysialic acid is critical for early peripheral nerve regeneration. Mol Cell Neurosci 2008; 40:374-81. [PMID: 19138743 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2008.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2008] [Revised: 11/21/2008] [Accepted: 12/11/2008] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
PolySia, the most striking post-translational modification of the neural cell adhesion molecule, is down-regulated during postnatal development. After peripheral nerve lesion, polySia is located on neuronal and glial cells normally not synthesizing polySia. However, structural consequences of reduced polySia content for peripheral nerve regeneration have not yet been clear. Furthermore, the contribution of sialyltransferases ST8SiaII and ST8SiaIV for the up-regulation of polySia has not been studied so far. In order to investigate the impact of polySia on regeneration processes of myelinated axons, we examined mouse mutants retaining only one functional sialyltransferase allele. In the absence of ST8SiaII, quantification of myelinated axons revealed a significant decrease in number and size of regenerated fibers without impairment of remyelination. In contrast, St8SiaIV deficiency resulted in increased fiber outgrowth and axonal maturation. Western blot analysis demonstrated that both ST8SiaII and St8SiaIV direct up-regulation of polySia. Cell-specific induction of polySia in myelinating Schwann cells and on regenerated axons in the presence of ST8SiaIV, but not ST8SiaII, indicates that not only the amount of polySia but also its cellular localization has a high impact on the regeneration progress of peripheral nerves.
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31
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Berski S, van Bergeijk J, Schwarzer D, Stark Y, Kasper C, Scheper T, Grothe C, Gerardy-Schahn R, Kirschning A, Dräger G. Synthesis and biological evaluation of a polysialic acid-based hydrogel as enzymatically degradable scaffold material for tissue engineering. Biomacromolecules 2008; 9:2353-9. [PMID: 18690740 DOI: 10.1021/bm800327s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Restorative medicine has a constant need for improved scaffold materials. Degradable biopolymers often suffer from uncontrolled chemical or enzymatic hydrolysis by the host. The need for a second surgery on the other hand is a major drawback for nondegradable scaffold materials. In this paper we report the design and synthesis of a novel polysialic acid-based hydrogel with promising properties. Hydrogel synthesis was optimized and enzymatic degradation was studied using a phage-born endosialidase. After addition of endosialidase, hydrogels readily degraded depending on the amount of initially used cross-linker within 2 to 11 days. This polysialic acid hydrogel is not cytotoxic, completely stable under physiological conditions, and could be evaluated as growth support for PC12 cells. Here, additional coating with collagen I, poly-L-lysine or matrigel is mandatory to improve the properties of the material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Berski
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Zentrum für Biomolekulare Wirkstoffe (BMWZ), Gottfried Willhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Schneiderberg 1B, 30167 Hannover, Germany
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32
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Hildebrandt H, Mühlenhoff M, Gerardy-Schahn R. WITHDRAWN: Polysialylation of NCAM. Neurochem Res 2008. [PMID: 18461443 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-008-9724-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2008] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Herbert Hildebrandt
- Institute of Cellular Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
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33
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Haile Y, Berski S, Dräger G, Nobre A, Stummeyer K, Gerardy-Schahn R, Grothe C. The effect of modified polysialic acid based hydrogels on the adhesion and viability of primary neurons and glial cells. Biomaterials 2008; 29:1880-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2007] [Accepted: 12/22/2007] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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34
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Stark Y, Bruns S, Stahl F, Kasper C, Wesemann M, Grothe C, Scheper T. A study on polysialic acid as a biomaterial for cell culture applications. J Biomed Mater Res A 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.31805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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35
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Bruns S, Stark Y, Röker S, Wieland M, Dräger G, Kirschning A, Stahl F, Kasper C, Scheper T. Collagen biomaterial doped with colominic acid for cell culture applications with regard to peripheral nerve repair. J Biotechnol 2007; 131:335-45. [PMID: 17714819 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2007.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2007] [Revised: 06/15/2007] [Accepted: 06/22/2007] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Colominic acid (CA) is a homopolymer of sialic acid residues and is solely composed of polymerised units of alpha-2,8-linked N-acetylneuraminic acid. CA is a specific derivative of polysialic acid (PSA), produced as the capsular polysaccharide of Escherichia coli K1 derived molecule of PSA. PSA in vivo plays a significant role in synaptic plasticity and neural development. The use of collagen materials doped with defined CA is presented for the cultivation of various cell lines relevant for possible applications in Tissue Engineering. First, the release behaviour under culture conditions of the collagen-based (C-CA) materials was investigated by thiobarbituric acid assay. Additionally, the established cell lines, PC-12 and immortalised Schwann cells (ISC), used for neurobiological and neurochemical studies and the model liver cell line Hep-G2 as indicator for biocompatibility testing, were cultured on the C-CA matrix. Cell proliferation (MTT-test) and cell adhesion (DAPI-staining) of the cell lines on the matrices were observed. Likewise, gene expression of the marker genes thyrosine hydroxylase for the PC-12 cells, and albumin, transferrin and CYP3A4 for the Hep-G2 cells was evaluated via RT-PCR. The results indicate that CA integration in established biomaterial constructs enhances cell proliferation and offers promising features as conduits additive in regarding peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Bruns
- Universität Hannover, Institut für Technische Chemie, Callinstr. 3, D-30167 Hannover, Germany
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36
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Galuska SP, Geyer R, Mühlenhoff M, Geyer H. Characterization of oligo- and polysialic acids by MALDI-TOF-MS. Anal Chem 2007; 79:7161-9. [PMID: 17705556 DOI: 10.1021/ac0712446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Oligo- and polysialic acids (oligo/polySia) are characterized by a high diversity in nature due to the different types of sialic acids linked to each other and glycosidic linkages involved. Considering the methods that are presently available for analysis of oligo/polySia chains, only fluorometric anion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, fluorometric C7/C9 detection, and western blotting are applicable to small amounts of material. Here we describe an alternative technique using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry after on-target lactonization to characterize different sialic acid polymers. The MS-based method allows a rapid, highly sensitive, and unambiguous identification of native as well as fluorescently labeled sialic acid polymers without the need of standard substances due to exact mass determination. PolySia chains with at least 100 sialic moieties are easily detectable, and in addition, potential modifications of hydroxyl groups by, for instance, acetyl residues can be precisely registered. Based on different lactonization characteristics, alpha2-8- and alpha2-9-linked oligo/polySia can be distinguished. Furthermore, this method can be combined with fluorometric derivatization and HPLC separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian P Galuska
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Giessen, Friedrichstrasse 24, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
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