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Shen X, Guo G, Feng G, Wang Z. Effects of Different Carbohydrate Content Diet on Gut Microbiota and Aortic Calcification in Diabetic Mice. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:2327-2346. [PMID: 38881695 PMCID: PMC11178077 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s456571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Vascular calcification is a major cause of cardiovascular accidents in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to investigate the impact of carbohydrates on gut microbiota and aortic calcification in diabetic ApoE-/- mice. Methods The diabetic ApoE-/- mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: ketogenic diet group, low carbohydrate diet group, medium carbohydrate diet group, and high carbohydrate diet group. The mice were fed continuously for 6 months, with blood glucose, blood ketone and body weight monitored monthly. Lipid metabolism indicators and inflammatory factors were detected using ELISA. The intestinal barrier, atherosclerotic lesion areas, and vascular calcifications were analyzed based on their morphology. Gut microbiota was analyzed using 16S rRNA genes. Results We found that ketogenic diet played some roles improving glucose, lipid metabolism, and inflammation. Ketogenic diet could improve the intestinal barrier to some extent and increase intestinal bacteria. Compared to the other three groups, the relative abundance of genus Allobaculum, species Blautia producta and Clostridium Ramosum in the ketogenic diet group was significantly increased (P <0.05), which has protective effects in diabetic ApoE-/- mice. Conclusion Ketogenic diet could delay the onset of aortic atherosclerosis, aortic calcification and improve intestinal barrier function in diabetic ApoE-/- mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ge Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoquan Feng
- Imaging Department, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongqun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, People's Republic of China
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Wu T, Huang J, Wang X, Lian H, Guo R, Shi C. Association of Oral Anticoagulant Therapy with the Prevalence and Severity of Vascular Calcification among Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: A Cohort Study. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2024; 7:1262-1269. [PMID: 38751625 PMCID: PMC11092121 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Many patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) requiring long-term use of oral anticoagulants (OACs) are at high risk for vascular calcification and anticoagulation therapy with warfarin exacerbate vascular calcification. However, the effect of nonvitamin K agonists on vascular calcification has not been clearly investigated. This study explored the effects of dabigatran etexilate, rivaroxaban, and warfarin on vascular calcification among 1527 patients with AF. Demographics, comorbidities, laboratory test data, medications, and the prevalence and severity of vascular calcification in different vascular beds were compared. After propensity score matching, the incidence of vascular calcification in the rivaroxaban and warfarin group was significantly higher than that in the nonanticoagulant group, while there was no difference between the dabigatran etexilate group and the nonanticoagulant group. Similarly, we found that the rivaroxaban group had more severe calcification in the overall vascular level (P < 0.001), thoracic aorta (P < 0.001), aortic arch (P = 0.001), and left common carotid artery (P = 0.005) than the nonanticoagulant group. In addition, in the left common carotid artery, there was more severe calcification in the rivaroxaban group than that in the dabigatran group (P = 0.005). Our results suggest that rivaroxaban can significantly increase both the incidence and severity of vascular calcification among patients with AF, while dabigatran etexilate has no such effect. Many patients with AF requiring long-term use of OACs are at high risk for vascular calcification. This is the first study to conduct a head-to-head comparison of the effects of dabigatran etexilate and rivaroxaban on vascular calcification. Rivaroxaban, rather than dabigatran etexilate, promotes vascular calcification in patients with AF, providing important implications to aid clinicians in their choice for OAC selection, especially those at high risk for vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Wu
- The
Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
- Department
of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Jun Huang
- The
Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Xia Wang
- The
Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Huilin Lian
- The
Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Ren Guo
- The
Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Can Shi
- The
Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
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Deng X, Tang X, Yao H, Wang Y. Severe Venous Calcifications in Phlebosclerotic Colitis and Significantly Decreased Expression in Betaine. Int J Surg Pathol 2024:10668969241246475. [PMID: 38646813 DOI: 10.1177/10668969241246475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Phlebosclerotic colitis (PC) is a rare type of chronic ischemic colitis. Its etiology is still unknown, and PC is also known as idiopathic mesenteric phlebosclerosis colitis. Currently, many studies have reported that long-term use of Chinese herbal medicine and drinking history are related to its pathogenesis. In the early stage of the lesion, due to insufficient understanding of PC, it is difficult to distinguish it from inflammatory bowel disease and other nonneoplastic intestinal diseases. We reported a case of severe diffuse total colon calcification with multiple misdiagnosis, summarizing and analyzing the clinical pathological characteristics to increase clinical and pathological physicians' understanding of the disease and reduce misdiagnosis. Moreover, for the first time, we conducted metabolomics sequencing on fresh intestinal specimens of PC, in order to explore the possible mechanism of severe calcification in the patient. We found that betaine was significantly decreased in the intestinal specimens of the patient, which is an amino acid that has been shown to improve vascular risk factors, and may be one of the mechanisms underlying severe calcification in the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Deng
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Pathology, The Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuefeng Tang
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Pathology, The Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui Yao
- Department of Pathology, The Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
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Ballester-Servera C, Alonso J, Cañes L, Vázquez-Sufuentes P, Puertas-Umbert L, Fernández-Celis A, Taurón M, Rodríguez-Sinovas A, López-Andrés N, Rodríguez C, Martínez-González J. Lysyl oxidase-dependent extracellular matrix crosslinking modulates calcification in atherosclerosis and aortic valve disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115469. [PMID: 37729730 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) is an active player in cardiovascular calcification (CVC), a major public health issue with an unmet need for effective therapies. Lysyl oxidase (LOX) conditions ECM biomechanical properties; thus, we hypothesized that LOX might impact on mineral deposition in calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) and atherosclerosis. LOX was upregulated in calcified valves from two cohorts of CAVD patients. Strong LOX immunostaining was detected surrounding calcified foci in calcified human valves and atherosclerotic lesions colocalizing with RUNX2 on valvular interstitial cells (VICs) or vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Both LOX secretion and organized collagen deposition were enhanced in calcifying VICs exposed to osteogenic media. β-aminopropionitrile (BAPN), an inhibitor of LOX, attenuated collagen deposition and calcification. VICs seeded onto decellularized matrices from BAPN-treated VICs calcified less than cells cultured onto control scaffolds; instead, VICs exposed to conditioned media from cells over-expressing LOX or cultured onto LOX-crosslinked matrices calcified more. Atherosclerosis was induced in WT and transgenic mice that overexpress LOX in VSMC (TgLOXVSMC) by AAV-PCSK9D374Y injection and high-fat feeding. In atherosclerosis-challenged TgLOXVSMC mice both atherosclerosis burden and calcification assessed by near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging were higher than in WT mice. These animals also exhibited larger calcified areas in atherosclerotic lesions from aortic arches and brachiocephalic arteries. Moreover, LOX transgenesis exacerbated plaque inflammation, and increased VSMC cellularity, the rate of RUNX2-positive cells and both connective tissue content and collagen cross-linking. Our findings highlight the relevance of LOX in CVC and postulate this enzyme as a potential therapeutic target for CVC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carme Ballester-Servera
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIBB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judith Alonso
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIBB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laia Cañes
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIBB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula Vázquez-Sufuentes
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIBB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lídia Puertas-Umbert
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IRHSCSP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amaya Fernández-Celis
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed, IdiSNA, UPNA, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Manel Taurón
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain; Departamento de Cirugía Cardíaca, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau-Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (HSCSP-UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Sinovas
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia López-Andrés
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed, IdiSNA, UPNA, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Cristina Rodríguez
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (IRHSCSP), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - José Martínez-González
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIBB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain.
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Shrestha SK, Kim SW, Soh Y. Kalkitoxin attenuates calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells via RUNX-2 signaling pathways. J Vet Sci 2023; 24:e69. [PMID: 38031648 PMCID: PMC10556282 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.23148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kalkitoxin (KT) is an active lipopeptide isolated from the cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula found in the bed of the coral reef. Although KT suppresses cell division and inflammation, KT's mechanism of action in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is unidentified. Therefore, our main aim was to investigate the impact of KT on vascular calcification for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. OBJECTIVES Using diverse calcification media, we studied the effect of KT on VSMC calcification and the underlying mechanism of this effect. METHODS VSMC was isolated from the 6 weeks ICR mice. Then VSMCs were treated with different concentrations of KT to check the cell viability. Alizarin red and von Kossa staining were carried out to examine the calcium deposition on VSMC. Thoracic aorta of 6 weeks mice were taken and treated with different concentrations of KT, and H and E staining was performed. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot were performed to examine KT's effect on VSMC mineralization. Calcium deposition on VSMC was examined with a calcium deposition quantification kit. RESULTS Calcium deposition, Alizarin red, and von Kossa staining revealed that KT reduced inorganic phosphate-induced calcification phenotypes. KT also reduced Ca++-induced calcification by inhibiting genes that regulate osteoblast differentiation, such as runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX-2), SMAD family member 4, osterix, collagen 1α, and osteopontin. Also, KT repressed Ca2+-induced bone morphogenetic protein 2, RUNX-2, collagen 1α, osteoprotegerin, and smooth muscle actin protein expression. Likewise, Alizarin red and von Kossa staining showed that KT markedly decreased the calcification of ex vivo ring formation in the mouse thoracic aorta. CONCLUSIONS This experiment demonstrated that KT decreases vascular calcification and may be developed as a new therapeutic treatment for vascular calcification and arteriosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saroj K Shrestha
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Se-Woong Kim
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Yunjo Soh
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea.
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Shi Y, Zheng Z, Luo J, Li Y, He S, Shen X, Liu J. Possible effects of fibroblast growth factor 21 on vascular calcification via suppressing activating transcription factor 4 mediated apoptosis and osteogenic transformation in rats. Cell Biochem Funct 2022; 40:349-358. [PMID: 35531910 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC), a significant risk factor of many cardio-cerebral vascular diseases, is a perplexing issue with no effective treatment in clinical work up to now. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) mediated apoptosis has been proved to be a significant mechanism for initiating VC process. Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), a key transcription factor of ERS, is most closely associated with VC. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), an atypical member of the FGFs family, has a protective biological function in various metabolic diseases by ERS pathways. However, the possible effects of FGF21 on VC by regulating ERS, especially through the ATF4 pathway, is still unclear. Our research provides the first evidence that exogenous FGF21 treatment can alleviate the vitamin D3 plus nicotine-induced VC at least in part via suppressing ATF4 mediated apoptosis and osteogenic transformation in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Shi
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease (CCAD), Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Ze Zheng
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease (CCAD), Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jesse Luo
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease (CCAD), Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yingkai Li
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease (CCAD), Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Songyuan He
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease (CCAD), Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xueqian Shen
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease (CCAD), Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jinghua Liu
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease (CCAD), Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
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7
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Ponomarenko MP, Chadaeva IV, Ponomarenko PM, Bogomolov AG, Oshchepkov DY, Sharypova EB, Suslov VV, Osadchuk AV, Osadchuk LV, Matushkin YG. A bioinformatic search for correspondence between differentially expressed genes of domestic versus wild animals and orthologous human genes altering reproductive potential. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2022; 26:96-108. [PMID: 35342855 PMCID: PMC8894618 DOI: 10.18699/vjgb-22-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the greatest achievements of genetics in the 20th century is D.K. Belyaev’s discovery of destabilizing selection during the domestication of animals and that this selection affects only gene expression regulation (not gene structure) and inf luences systems of neuroendocrine control of ontogenesis in a stressful environment. Among the experimental data generalized by Belyaev’s discovery, there are also f indings about accelerated extinc tion of testes’ hormonal function and disrupted seasonality of reproduction of domesticated foxes in comparison
with their wild congeners. To date, Belyaev’s discovery has already been repeatedly conf irmed, for example, by independent
observations during deer domestication, during the use of rats as laboratory animals, after the reintroduction
of endangered species such as Przewalski’s horse, and during the creation of a Siberian reserve population
of the Siberian grouse when it had reached an endangered status in natural habitats. A genome-wide comparison
among humans, several domestic animals, and some of their wild congeners has given rise to the concept of self-domestication
syndrome, which includes autism spectrum disorders. In our previous study, we created a bioinformatic
model of human self-domestication syndrome using differentially expressed genes (DEGs; of domestic animals
versus their wild congeners) orthologous to the human genes (mainly, nervous-system genes) whose changes in
expression affect reproductive potential, i. e., growth of the number of humans in the absence of restrictions caused
by limiting factors. Here, we applied this model to 68 human genes whose changes in expression alter the reproductive
health of women and men and to 3080 DEGs of domestic versus wild animals. As a result, in domestic animals,
we identif ied 16 and 4 DEGs, the expression changes of which are codirected with changes in the expression of the
human orthologous genes decreasing and increasing human reproductive potential, respectively. The wild animals
had 9 and 11 such DEGs, respectively. This difference between domestic and wild animals was signif icant according
to Pearson’s χ2 test (p < 0.05) and Fisher’s exact test (p < 0.05). We discuss the results from the standpoint of restoration
of endangered animal species whose natural habitats are subject to an anthropogenic impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. P. Ponomarenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - I. V. Chadaeva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - P. M. Ponomarenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - A. G. Bogomolov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - D. Yu. Oshchepkov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - E. B. Sharypova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - V. V. Suslov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - A. V. Osadchuk
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - L. V. Osadchuk
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - Yu. G. Matushkin
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
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8
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Zeng ZL, Zhu Q, Zhao Z, Zu X, Liu J. Magic and mystery of microRNA-32. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:8588-8601. [PMID: 34405957 PMCID: PMC8435424 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of endogenous, small (∼22 nts in length) noncoding RNA molecules that function specifically by base pairing with the mRNA of genes and regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Alterations in miR-32 expression have been found in numerous diseases and shown to play a vital role in cell proliferation, apoptosis, oncogenesis, invasion, metastasis and drug resistance. MiR-32 has been documented as an oncomiR in the majority of related studies but has been also verified as a tumour suppressor miRNA in conflicting reports. Moreover, it has a crucial role in metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. This review provides an in-depth look into the most recent finding regarding miR-32, which is involved in the expression, regulation and functions in different diseases, especially tumours. Additionally, this review outlines novel findings suggesting that miR-32 may be useful as a noninvasive biomarker and as a targeted therapeutic in several diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z L Zeng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Qingyun Zhu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Zhibo Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xuyu Zu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jianghua Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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9
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Liu Q, Yu L, Yin X, Ye J, Li S. Correlation Between Soluble Klotho and Vascular Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review. Front Physiol 2021; 12:711904. [PMID: 34483963 PMCID: PMC8414804 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.711904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The correlation between soluble Klotho (sKlotho) level and vascular calcification (VC) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains controversial. Using meta-analysis, we aimed to address this controversy and assess the feasibility of applying sKlotho as a biomarker for VC. Methods: Medical electronic databases were thoroughly searched for eligible publications on the association between sKlotho level and VC in CKD patients. Effectors, including correlation coefficients (r), odds ratios (ORs), hazard ratio (HR) or β-values, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted and combined according to study design or effector calculation method. Pooled effectors were generated using both random-effects models and fixed-effects models according to I 2-value. Origin of heterogeneity was explored by sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis. Results: Ten studies with 1,204 participants from a total of 1,199 publications were eligible and included in this meta-analysis. The combined correlation coefficient (r) was [-0.33 (-0.62, -0.04)] with significant heterogeneity (I 2 = 89%, p < 0.001) based on Spearman correlation analysis, and this significant association was also demonstrated in subgroups. There was no evidence of publication bias. The combined OR was [3.27 (1.70, 6.30)] with no evidence of heterogeneity (I 2 = 0%, p = 0.48) when sKlotho was treated as a categorical variable or [1.05 (1.01, 1.09)] with moderate heterogeneity (I 2 = 63%, p = 0.10) when sKlotho was treated as a continuous variable based on multivariate logistic regression. No significant association was observed and the pooled OR was [0.29 (0.01, 11.15)] with high heterogeneity (I 2 = 96%, p < 0.001) according to multivariate linear regression analysis. There was an inverse association between sKlotho and parathyroid hormone levels. The combined coefficient (r) was [-0.20 (-0.40, -0.01)] with significant heterogeneity (I 2 = 86%, p < 0.001), and without obvious publication bias. No significant association was found between sKlotho and calcium or phosphate levels. Conclusion: There exists a significant association between decreased sKlotho level and increased risk of VC in CKD patients. This raises the possibility of applying sKlotho as a biomarker for VC in CKD populations. Large, prospective, well-designed studies or interventional clinical trials are required to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- QiFeng Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China
| | - LiXia Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China
| | - XiaoYa Yin
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China
| | - JianMing Ye
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China
| | - ShaSha Li
- Clinical Research & Lab Centre, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China
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