1
|
Wang X, Hong Y, Zhang Y, Sun D. Carbon distribution and metabolism mechanism of a novel mixotrophic Chlorella in municipal wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2025; 430:132562. [PMID: 40258497 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2025.132562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2025] [Accepted: 04/18/2025] [Indexed: 04/23/2025]
Abstract
Conventional wastewater treatment technologies primarily convert complex organic matter into dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and a more difficult gaseous state CO2. Most microalgae species can photosynthetically assimilate above inorganic carbon, but their heterotrophic metabolic processes often dominate in glucose-mediated mixotrophy. Herein, we investigated the carbon-fixing metabolic pathways of Chlorella sp. MIHQ61 in municipal wastewater containing complex carbon sources. The total carbon removal (73.0 %) peaked on the 6th day, and DIC removal exceeded 50.0 % as the carbon migrating amount from municipal wastewater into the microalgal cells peaked. The glucose and NaHCO3 combination promoted both autotrophic and heterotrophic metabolism. Headspace CO2 emission, enzyme activity and central carbon metabolism results implied heterotrophic metabolism occurred more actively in the early stage and autotrophic metabolism dominated late stage. Redefined mixotrophic carbon allocation by revealing time-dependent autotrophic/heterotrophic interplay. Carbon distribution and mixotrophic mechanism provided new thinking on how to utilize microalgae and wastewater resource.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Hebei Key Laboratory for Emerging Contaminants Control and Risk Management, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yu Hong
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Hebei Key Laboratory for Emerging Contaminants Control and Risk Management, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yuewen Zhang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Hebei Key Laboratory for Emerging Contaminants Control and Risk Management, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Dezhi Sun
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Hebei Key Laboratory for Emerging Contaminants Control and Risk Management, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhu K, Zhang W, Jafarov E, Karra S, Solander K, Demirtas MU, Raskin L, Skerlos S. Open-Source Anaerobic Digestion Modeling Platform, Anaerobic Digestion Model No. 1 Fast (ADM1F). Biotechnol Bioeng 2025; 122:792-803. [PMID: 39717912 PMCID: PMC11895414 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Revised: 11/16/2024] [Accepted: 11/26/2024] [Indexed: 12/25/2024]
Abstract
An open-source modeling platform, called Anaerobic Digestion Model No. 1 Fast (ADM1F), is introduced to achieve fast and numerically stable simulations of anaerobic digestion processes. ADM1F is compatible with an iPython interface to facilitate model configuration, simulation, data analysis, and visualization. Faster simulations and more stable results are accomplished by implementing an advanced open-source library of numerical methods called Portable Extensive Toolkit for Scientific Computation (PETSc) to solve the ADM1 system of equations. Leveraging PETSc, ADM1F can consistently complete a steady-state simulation under 0.2 s, over 99% faster than a benchmark ADM1 model implemented with MATLAB while achieving agreement of model outputs within 1% of those obtained with the benchmark model. For dynamic simulations, however, ADM1F has a computational speed advantage only when the influent characteristics update more frequently than every 4 h. The ability of ADM1F to be useful as a tool to study anaerobic digestion systems is demonstrated through two example implementations of ADM1F: (1) a two-phase co-digestion scenario evaluating the impact of the organic loading rate and the substrate composition on reactor performance and stability, and (2) a conventional digester scenario assessing the effectiveness of recovery strategies after disruptions that led to instability. These examples demonstrate how the high simulation speed and the convenience of the iPython interface allow ADM1F to complete complex analyses within minutes, much faster than computational strategies currently reported in the literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuang Zhu
- Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical SciencesUniversity of Colorado DenverDenverColoradoUSA
| | - Elchin Jafarov
- Computational Earth Science GroupLos Alamos National LaboratoryNew MexicoUSA
| | - Satish Karra
- Computational Earth Science GroupLos Alamos National LaboratoryNew MexicoUSA
| | - Kurt Solander
- Computational Earth Science GroupLos Alamos National LaboratoryNew MexicoUSA
| | | | - Lutgarde Raskin
- Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Steven Skerlos
- Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Black A, Newhart K, Linvill C, Pytlar A, Galaitsi S, Fairfield C, Wait M, Bennett E, Butkus M, Pfluger AR. A linguistic analysis of energy terminology in the wastewater literature. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2025; 91:671-683. [PMID: 40156445 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2025.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2025] [Indexed: 04/01/2025]
Abstract
Recent wastewater treatment research has focused on technologies that can recover resources such as energy from the influent waste stream. Many unrelated studies have introduced or used energy-related terms to describe changes to wastewater treatment plant energy balances based on these technological innovations. Unfortunately, these wastewater energy-related terms are not well defined in the literature, with many used interchangeably and/or inconsistently. To address this shortcoming, this study (1) identified and defined the most prominent energy-related terms in academic literature, (2) proposed a classification schema, and (3) explored trends in term usage over time. Energy-related terms identified from the literature were defined and classified based on the term's functional role in the context of wastewater treatment plant energy use. Specifically, each term was classified as a wastewater treatment plant's long-term energy 'state', a descriptive short-term energy 'condition' at the plant, or an energy 'mechanism' that drives a plant from one state to another. The trend analysis concluded that the development of energy-related wastewater literature has generally outpaced the baseline rate of academic publishing in all fields. The results of this study can ensure clear communication between actors in the wastewater treatment sector by standardizing definitions for energy-related terms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annesley Black
- Department of Geography & Environmental Engineering, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA
| | - Kathryn Newhart
- Department of Geography & Environmental Engineering, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA
| | - Chelsea Linvill
- Department of Geography & Environmental Engineering, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA
| | - Alex Pytlar
- Department of Geography & Environmental Engineering, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA
| | - Stephanie Galaitsi
- United States Army Corps of Engineers, Engineer Research & Development Center, Environmental Lab, Concord, MA, USA
| | - Christiana Fairfield
- Department of Geography & Environmental Engineering, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA
| | - Marley Wait
- Department of Geography & Environmental Engineering, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA
| | - Elle Bennett
- Department of Geography & Environmental Engineering, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA
| | - Michael Butkus
- Department of Geography & Environmental Engineering, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA
| | - Andrew R Pfluger
- Department of Geography & Environmental Engineering, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bueno BE, Muniz Brito AL, Garcia Rea VS, Kurnianto RW, Zaiat M, van Lier JB. Anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) with external ultrafiltration membrane for the treatment of sugar beet vinasse. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1491974. [PMID: 39634099 PMCID: PMC11615572 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1491974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 11/04/2024] [Indexed: 12/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Vinasse, a by-product of ethanol production, is generated at significant rates. While rich in nutrients such as calcium, magnesium, and potassium, its high solids, organic matter, acidity, and sulfate content pose challenges when disposed directly on soil, necessitating treatment. Anaerobic digestion is a viable solution, reducing organic pollution while recovering energy in the form of biogas, aligning with the biorefinery concept. Traditionally, sludge bed reactors and anaerobic contact reactors are utilized for vinasse processing, with sludge granulation being vital for treatment success. However, challenges such as sludge wash-out due to recalcitrant compounds, high solids concentration in the influent, low pH, salinity, and temperature hinder granule formation. Anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBR) offer an alternative, simplifying treatment by integrating intensified pre- and post-treatment units. Due to complete sludge retention, AnMBRs achieve high COD removal efficiencies, yielding a suspended solids-free and largely disinfected effluent. Therefore, AnMBRs show promise for vinasse treatment, eliminating the need for sludge granulation and producing nutrient-rich effluent with minimal residual organics and suspended solids. In this study, an AnMBR equipped with an inside-out external crossflow ultrafiltration membrane was proposed for the treatment of vinasse. The AnMBR reached a COD removal efficiency of 95% ± 2.6% and produced 0.3 CH4 L. g COD removed -1 working at organic loading rates of 8 g COD. L-1 d-1 and membrane fluxes of 10 LMH. At organic loading rates of 10 g COD. L-1 d-1 and fluxes of 12 and 14 LMH, the COD removal efficiency decreased to 77% ± 11% and 73% ± 7.9%, respectively. The AnMBR technology represents an innovation for wastewater treatment, however, more research using the cross-flow configuration and different types of effluents is needed. Literature studies that address the treatment of sugar beet or sugarcane vinasse using AnMBR are still scarce. This study explored the potentials of AnMBR technology for vinasse treatment and contributes to the dissemination of this technology, opening new possibilities for vinasse processing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Egerland Bueno
- Biological Processes Laboratory, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
- Sanitary Engineering Section, Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - André Luiz Muniz Brito
- Sanitary Engineering Section, Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, University of Paraiba State, Campina Grande, Brazil
| | - Victor. S. Garcia Rea
- Sanitary Engineering Section, Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Rifki Wahyu Kurnianto
- Sanitary Engineering Section, Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Marcelo Zaiat
- Biological Processes Laboratory, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Jules. B. van Lier
- Sanitary Engineering Section, Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bueno BE, Garcia Rea VS, Saia FT, Gregoracci GB, Dacanal G, van Lier JB, Zaiat M. Treatment of sugarcane vinasse in AnMBR and UASB: process performance and microbial community comparison. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1489807. [PMID: 39605748 PMCID: PMC11600140 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1489807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2024] [Accepted: 10/24/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Vinasse is a by-product of sugarcane processing which is often used in fertigation; however, the direct use of vinasse harms the environment and reduces soil productivity due to its physicochemical properties. Anaerobic digestion (AD) offers an alternative to mitigate part of the negative effects. Anaerobic high-rate reactors, which mainly rely on sludge granulation, are mostly used in AD of vinasse wastewater. However, the composition of vinasse such as high concentration of solids and organic matter, high salinity, low pH, and high concentrations of sulfate, affect granule formation, leading to sludge washout. Anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBR) present an alternative for vinasse treatment, eliminating the need for sludge granulation and producing a nutrient-rich effluent with minimal residual organics and no suspended solids. Research on sugarcane vinasse treatment using AnMBRs is limited. Most studies have employed submerged internal membrane modules, highlighting the need for further research with different reactor configurations to enhance process performance. In this study, an AnMBR equipped with an external inside-out crossflow ultrafiltration membrane was compared to an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor for the treatment of sugarcane vinasse. At a volumetric organic loading rate of up to 6 g COD. L-1.d-1, the UASB reactor reached 75% ± 7% of COD removal efficiency whereas the AnMBR generated a solids-free effluent and reached 88% ± 2% of COD removal efficiency. Microorganisms such as Clostridia, Bacteroidia, Mesotaga, Syner-01, Dehalococcoidia, Bacteroidia-DMER64, and Methanolinea were found as the most abundant. The results highlight the AnMBR potential as an effective alternative for treating sugarcane vinasse while overcoming the challenges posed by unsatisfactory sludge granulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Egerland Bueno
- Biological Processes Laboratory, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, São Carlos, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Sanitary Engineering section, Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Victor S. Garcia Rea
- Sanitary Engineering section, Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Flávia Talarico Saia
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Santos, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Gustavo Dacanal
- Department of Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - J. B. van Lier
- Sanitary Engineering section, Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Marcelo Zaiat
- Biological Processes Laboratory, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, São Carlos, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Al-Faliti M, Wang P, Smith AL, Delgado Vela J. Phage phylogeny, molecular signaling, and auxiliary antimicrobial resistance in aerobic and anaerobic membrane bioreactors. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 256:121620. [PMID: 38677036 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Phage emit communication signals that inform their lytic and lysogenic life cycles. However, little is known regarding the abundance and diversity of the genes associated with phage communication systems in wastewater treatment microbial communities. This study focused on phage communities within two distinct biochemical wastewater environments, specifically aerobic membrane bioreactors (AeMBRs) and anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs) exposed to varying antibiotic concentrations. Metagenomic data from the bench-scale systems were analyzed to explore phage phylogeny, life cycles, and genetic capacity for antimicrobial resistance and quorum sensing. Two dominant phage families, Schitoviridae and Peduoviridae, exhibited redox-dependent dynamics. Schitoviridae prevailed in anaerobic conditions, while Peduoviridae dominated in aerobic conditions. Notably, the abundance of lytic and lysogenic proteins varied across conditions, suggesting the coexistence of both life cycles. Furthermore, the presence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) within viral contigs highlighted the potential for phage to transfer ARGs in AeMBRs. Finally, quorum sensing genes in the virome of AeMBRs indicated possible molecular signaling between phage and bacteria. Overall, this study provides insights into the dynamics of viral communities across varied redox conditions in MBRs. These findings shed light on phage life cycles, and auxiliary genetic capacity such as antibiotic resistance and bacterial quorum sensing within wastewater treatment microbial communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitham Al-Faliti
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Howard University, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Phillip Wang
- Astani Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Adam L Smith
- Astani Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jeseth Delgado Vela
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Howard University, Washington, D.C., USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Paritosh K, Kesharwani N. Biochar mediated high-rate anaerobic bioreactors: A critical review on high-strength wastewater treatment and management. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 355:120348. [PMID: 38457889 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Treatment of high-strength wastewater is critical for the aquatic environment and receiving water bodies around the globe. Untreated or partially treated high-strength wastewater may cause severe damage to the existing water bodies. Various high-rate anaerobic bioreactors have been developed in the last decades for treating high-strength wastewater. High-rate anaerobic bioreactors are effective in treating industrial wastewater and provide energy in the form of methane as well. However, the physical or chemical properties of high-strength industrial wastewater, sometimes, disrupt the functioning of a high-rate anaerobic bioreactor. For example, the disintegration of granular sludge in up flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor or membrane blocking in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor are the results of a high-strength wastewater treatment which hamper the proper functioning and may harm the wastewater treatment plant economically. Biochar, if added to these bioreactors, may help to alleviate the ill-functioning of high-rate anaerobic bioreactors. The primary mechanisms by biochar work in these bioreactors are direct interspecies electron transfer, microbial immobilization, or gene level alternations in microbial structure. The present article explores and reviews the recent application of biochar in a high-rate anaerobic bioreactor treating high-strength industrial wastewater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kunwar Paritosh
- MaREI Centre, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Architecture, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Nupur Kesharwani
- Department of Civil Engineering, Government Engineering College, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ni J, Ji J, Li YY, Kubota K. Propidium monoazide - polymerase chain reaction reveals viable microbial community shifts in anaerobic membrane bioreactors treating domestic sewage at low temperature. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 387:129564. [PMID: 37506934 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
An anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) treated domestic sewage at 15 °C under different hydraulic retention time (HRT) conditions (6, 12, 16, and 24 h). Propidium monoazide (PMA)-PCR excluded microorganisms without intact cell membranes, focusing on the viable microbial community in anaerobic digestion. The results showed that the 6-hour HRT had poor treatment performance: low chemical oxygen demand removal efficiency (below 80%) and high mean trans-membrane pressure and flux (15 kPa and 9.4 L/(m2 h)). Comparatively, PMA-PCR combined with next-generation sequencing improved the identification of microbial changes compared to conventional 16S rRNA gene sequencing. HRT influenced microorganisms in the hydrolysis and acid-production stages, including carbohydrate-degrading bacteria such as Bifidobacterium and Prevotella 1. Remarkably, a comparison with an AnMBR at 25 °C showed Proteobacteria to be the main cause of membrane fouling in the low-temperature AnMBR, with most operational taxonomic units negatively correlated with HRT and solids retention time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Ni
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579 Japan; Department of Frontier Sciences for Advanced Environment, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579 Japan
| | - Jiayuan Ji
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579 Japan; Institute for Future Initiatives, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579 Japan; Department of Frontier Sciences for Advanced Environment, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579 Japan
| | - Kengo Kubota
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579 Japan; Department of Frontier Sciences for Advanced Environment, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579 Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kim Y, Anburajan P, Kim H, Oh HS. Inhibiting Biofilm Formation via Simultaneous Application of Nitric Oxide and Quorum Quenching Bacteria. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:836. [PMID: 37888008 PMCID: PMC10608578 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13100836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Membrane biofouling is an inevitable challenge in membrane-based water treatment systems such as membrane bioreactors. Recent studies have shown that biological approaches based on bacterial signaling can effectively control biofilm formation. Quorum quenching (QQ) is known to inhibit biofilm growth by disrupting quorum sensing (QS) signaling, while nitric oxide (NO) signaling helps to disperse biofilms. In this study, batch biofilm experiments were conducted to investigate the impact of simultaneously applying NO signaling and QQ for biofilm control using Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 as a model microorganism. The NO treatment involved the injection of NONOates (NO donor compounds) into mature biofilms, while QQ was implemented by immobilizing QQ bacteria (Escherichia coli TOP10-AiiO or Rhodococcus sp. BH4) in alginate or polyvinyl alcohol/alginate beads to preserve the QQ activity. When QQ beads were applied together with (Z)-1-[N-(3-aminopropyl)-N-(n-propyl) amino]diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate (PAPA NONOate), they achieved a 39.0% to 71.3% reduction in biofilm formation, which was substantially higher compared to their individual applications (16.0% to 54.4%). These findings highlight the significant potential of combining QQ and NO technologies for effective biofilm control across a variety of processes that require enhanced biofilm inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youkyoung Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea; (Y.K.); (P.A.); (H.K.)
| | - Parthiban Anburajan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea; (Y.K.); (P.A.); (H.K.)
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeok Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea; (Y.K.); (P.A.); (H.K.)
| | - Hyun-Suk Oh
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea; (Y.K.); (P.A.); (H.K.)
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen S, Habib Z, Wang Z, Zhao P, Song W, Wang X. Integrating anaerobic acidification with two-stage forward osmosis concentration for simultaneously recovering organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus from municipal wastewater. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 245:120595. [PMID: 37708772 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
In order to meet the demand of municipal wastewater for low-carbon treatment and resource recovery, a novel process of anaerobic acidification membrane bioreactor (AAMBR) assisted with a two-stage forward osmosis (FO) (FO-AAMBR-FO) was developed for simultaneously recovering organic matter and nutrients from municipal wastewater. The results indicated that the first FO process concentrated the municipal wastewater to one tenth of the initial volume. The corresponding chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) and total phosphorus (TP) concentration reached up to 2800, 200 and 33 mg/L, respectively. Subsequently, the AAMBR was operated at pH value of 10 for treating the concentration of municipal wastewater, in which the organic matter was successfully converted to acetic acid and propionic acid with a total volatile fatty acids (VFAs) concentration of 1787 mg COD/L and a VFAs production efficiency of 62.36 % during 47 days of stable operation. After that, the NH4+-N and TP concentration in the effluent of the AAMBR were further concentrated to 175 and 36.7 mg/L, respectively, by the second FO process. The struvite was successfully recovered with NH4+-N and TP recovery rate of 94.53 % and 98.59 %, respectively. Correspondingly, the VFAs, NH4+-N and TP concentrations in the residual solution were 2905 mg COD/L, 11.8 and 7.92 mg/L, respectively, which could be used as the raw material for the synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA). Results reported here demonstrated that the FO-AAMBR-FO is a promising wastewater treatment technology for simultaneous recovery of organic matter (in form of VFAs) and nutrients (in form of struvite).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zunaira Habib
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; Department of Chemistry, Rawalpindi Women University, 6th Road Satellite Town, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Pin Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Weilong Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xinhua Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Watabe S, Lohman HAC, Li Y, Morgan VL, Rowles LS, Stephen T, Shyu HY, Bair RA, Castro CJ, Cusick RD, Yeh DH, Guest JS. Advancing the Economic and Environmental Sustainability of the NEWgenerator Nonsewered Sanitation System. ACS ENVIRONMENTAL AU 2023; 3:209-222. [PMID: 37483306 PMCID: PMC10360206 DOI: 10.1021/acsenvironau.3c00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Achieving safely managed sanitation and resource recovery in areas that are rural, geographically challenged, or experiencing rapidly increasing population density may not be feasible with centralized facilities due to space requirements, site-specific concerns, and high costs of sewer installation. Nonsewered sanitation (NSS) systems have the potential to provide safely managed sanitation and achieve strict wastewater treatment standards. One such NSS treatment technology is the NEWgenerator, which includes an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR), nutrient recovery via ion exchange, and electrochlorination. The system has been shown to achieve robust treatment of real waste for over 100 users, but the technology's relative life cycle sustainability remains unclear. This study characterizes the financial viability and life cycle environmental impacts of the NEWgenerator and prioritizes opportunities to advance system sustainability through targeted improvements and deployment. The costs and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of the NEWgenerator (general case) leveraging grid electricity were 0.139 [0.113-0.168] USD cap-1 day-1 and 79.7 [55.0-112.3] kg CO2-equiv cap-1 year-1, respectively. A transition to photovoltaic-generated electricity would increase costs to 0.145 [0.118-0.181] USD cap-1 day-1 but decrease GHG emissions to 56.1 [33.8-86.2] kg CO2-equiv cap-1 year-1. The deployment location analysis demonstrated reduced median costs for deployment in China (-38%), India (-53%), Senegal (-31%), South Africa (-31%), and Uganda (-35%), but at comparable or increased GHG emissions (-2 to +16%). Targeted improvements revealed the relative change in median cost and GHG emissions to be -21 and -3% if loading is doubled (i.e., doubled users per unit), -30 and -12% with additional sludge drying, and +9 and -25% with the addition of a membrane contactor, respectively, with limited benefits (0-5% reductions) from an alternative photovoltaic battery, low-cost housing, or improved frontend operation. This research demonstrates that the NEWgenerator is a low-cost, low-emission NSS treatment technology with the potential for resource recovery to increase access to safe sanitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shion Watabe
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 205 N. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Hannah A. C. Lohman
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 205 N. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Yalin Li
- Institute
for Sustainability, Energy, and Environment, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1101 W. Peabody Dr., Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Victoria L. Morgan
- Institute
for Sustainability, Energy, and Environment, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1101 W. Peabody Dr., Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Lewis S. Rowles
- Institute
for Sustainability, Energy, and Environment, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1101 W. Peabody Dr., Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Tyler Stephen
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 205 N. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Hsiang-Yang Shyu
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Robert A. Bair
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Cynthia J. Castro
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Roland D. Cusick
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 205 N. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Daniel H. Yeh
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Jeremy S. Guest
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 205 N. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Institute
for Sustainability, Energy, and Environment, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1101 W. Peabody Dr., Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Salamanca M, Peña M, Hernandez A, Prádanos P, Palacio L. Forward Osmosis Application for the Removal of Emerging Contaminants from Municipal Wastewater: A Review. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:655. [PMID: 37505021 PMCID: PMC10384920 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13070655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Forward osmosis (FO) has attracted special attention in water and wastewater treatment due to its role in addressing the challenges of water scarcity and contamination. The presence of emerging contaminants in water sources raises concerns regarding their environmental and public health impacts. Conventional wastewater treatment methods cannot effectively remove these contaminants; thus, innovative approaches are required. FO membranes offer a promising solution for wastewater treatment and removal of the contaminants in wastewater. Several factors influence the performance of FO processes, including concentration polarization, membrane fouling, draw solute selection, and reverse salt flux. Therefore, understanding and optimizing these factors are crucial aspects for improving the efficiency and sustainability of the FO process. This review stresses the need for research to explore the potential and challenges of FO membranes to meet municipal wastewater treatment requirements, to optimize the process, to reduce energy consumption, and to promote scalability for potential industrial applications. In conclusion, FO shows promising performance for wastewater treatment, dealing with emerging pollutants and contributing to sustainable practices. By improving the FO process and addressing its challenges, we could contribute to improve the availability of water resources amid the global water scarcity concerns, as well as contribute to the circular economy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Salamanca
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Mar Peña
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Antonio Hernandez
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Pedro Prádanos
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Laura Palacio
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kang D, Zhao X, Wang N, Suo Y, Yuan J, Peng Y. Redirecting carbon to recover VFA to facilitate biological short-cut nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment: A critical review. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 238:120015. [PMID: 37146394 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are facing a great challenge to transition from energy-intensive to carbon-neutral and energy-efficient systems. Biological nutrient removal (BNR) can be severely impacted by carbon limitation, particularly for wastewater with a low carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio, which can significantly increase the operational costs. Waste activated sludge (WAS) is a valuable byproduct of WWTPs, as it contains high levels of organic matter that can be utilized to improve BNR management by recovering and reusing the fermentative volatile fatty acids (VFAs). This review provides a comprehensive examination of the recovery and reuse of VFAs in wastewater management, with a particular focus on advancing the preferable biological short-cut nitrogen removal process for carbon-insufficient municipal wastewaters. First, the method of carbon redirection for recovering VFAs was reviewed. Carbon could be captured through the two-stage A/B process or via sludge fermentation with different sludge pretreatment and process control strategies to accelerate sludge hydrolysis and inhibit methanogens to enhance VFA production. Second, VFAs can support the metabolism of autotrophic N-cycling microorganisms involved in wastewater treatment, such as AOB, NOB, anammox, and comammox bacteria. However, VFAs can also cause inhibition at high concentrations, leading to the partition of AOB and NOB; and can promote partial denitrification as an efficient carbon source for heterotrophic denitrifiers. Third, the lab- and pilot-scale engineering practices with different configurations (i.e., A2O, SBR, UASB) were summarized that have shown the feasibility of utilizing the fermentate to achieve superior nitrogen removal performance without the need for external carbon addition. Lastly, the future perspectives on leveraging the relationships between mainstream and sidestream, nitrogen and phosphorus, autotrophs and heterotrophs were given for sustainable and efficient BNR management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Da Kang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, China
| | - Xuwei Zhao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, China
| | - Yirui Suo
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, China
| | - Jiawei Yuan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lee M, Yoo K, Kim H, Song KG, Kim D, Tiedje JM, Lee PH, Park J. Metatranscriptional characterization of metabolic dynamics in anaerobic membrane bioreactor producing methane from low-strength wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 370:128532. [PMID: 36574886 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
An anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) with media is an emerging carbon-neutral biotechnology for low-strength wastewater (LSWW) treatment and methane recovery. Understanding metabolic dynamics among methanogens and syntrophic bacteria is important in optimizing the design and operation of AnMBR. However, little is known about it, especially in media-attached microbial communities. This study explored metabolic dynamics to compare media-attached and suspended conditions. Accordingly, metagenomes and metatranscriptomes from AnMBRs with polymeric media and fed with different influent concentrations (350 and 700 mg-COD/L) were analyzed. Metabolic dynamics were profoundly influenced by the different growth habitats and influent conditions, although the applied influent concentrations are within the range of typical LSWW. Metabolic dynamics prediction results suggest that media-attached-growth habitats may have provided a more favorable microenvironment for methanogens to grow and produce methane, especially under low influent conditions. These findings provide significant implications for optimizing floating media design and operation of AnMBR-producing methane from LSWW.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minjoo Lee
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Keunje Yoo
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Korea Maritime & Ocean University, 727 Taejong-ro, Yeongdo-Gu, Busan 49112, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyemin Kim
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Center for Water Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Guen Song
- Center for Water Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Dajung Kim
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - James M Tiedje
- Center for Microbial Ecology, Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Po-Heng Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Joonhong Park
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yang G, Xie S, Yang M, Tang S, Zhou L, Jiang W, Zhou B, Li Y, Si B. A critical review on retaining antibiotics in liquid digestate: Potential risk and removal technologies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 853:158550. [PMID: 36075409 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Substantial levels of antibiotics remain in liquid digestate, posing a significant threat to human safety and the environment. A comprehensive assessment of residual antibiotics in liquid digestate and related removal technologies is required. To this end, this review first evaluates the potential risks of the residual antibiotics in liquid digestate by describing various anaerobic digestion processes and their half-lives in the environment. Next, emerging technologies for removing antibiotics in liquid digestate are summarized and discussed, including membrane separation, adsorption, and advanced oxidation processes. Finally, this study comprehensively and critically discusses these emerging technologies' prospects and challenges, including techno-economic feasibility and environmental impacts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaixiu Yang
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Shihao Xie
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China; College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Min Yang
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shuai Tang
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Center for Professional Training and Service, China Association for Science and Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Weizhong Jiang
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yunkai Li
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Buchun Si
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Imachi H, Nobu MK, Miyazaki M, Tasumi E, Saito Y, Sakai S, Ogawara M, Ohashi A, Takai K. Cultivation of previously uncultured microorganisms with a continuous-flow down-flow hanging sponge (DHS) bioreactor, using a syntrophic archaeon culture obtained from deep marine sediment as a case study. Nat Protoc 2022; 17:2784-2814. [PMID: 36104596 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-022-00735-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In microbiology, cultivation is a central approach for uncovering novel physiology, ecology, and evolution of microorganisms, but conventional methods have left many microorganisms found in nature uncultured. To overcome the limitations of traditional methods and culture indigenous microorganisms, we applied a two-stage approach: enrichment/activation of indigenous organisms by using a continuous-flow down-flow hanging sponge bioreactor and subsequent selective batch cultivation. Here, we provide a protocol for this bioreactor-mediated technique using activation of deep marine sediment microorganisms and downstream isolation of a syntrophic co-culture containing an archaeon closely related to the eukaryote ancestor (Candidatus Promethearchaeum syntrophicum strain MK-D1) as an example. Both stages can easily be tailored to target other environments and organisms by modifying the inoculum, feed solution/gases, attachment material and/or cultivation media. We anaerobically incubate polyurethane sponges inoculated with deep-sea methane seep sediment in a reactor at 10 °C and feed anaerobic artificial seawater medium and methane. Once phylogenetically diverse and metabolically active microorganisms are adapted to synthetic conditions in the reactor, we transition to growing community samples in glass tubes with the above medium, simple substrates and selective compounds (e.g., antibiotics). To accommodate for the slow growth anticipated for target organisms, primary cultures can be incubated for ≥6-12 months and analyzed for community composition even when no cell turbidity is observed. One casamino acid- and antibiotic-amended culture prepared in this way led to the enrichment of uncultured archaea. Through successive transfer in vitro combined with molecular growth monitoring, we successfully obtained the target archaeon with its partner methanogen as a pure syntrophic co-culture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Imachi
- Institute for Extra-cutting-edge Science and Technology Avant-garde Research (X-star), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan.
| | - Masaru K Nobu
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan.
| | - Masayuki Miyazaki
- Institute for Extra-cutting-edge Science and Technology Avant-garde Research (X-star), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan.
| | - Eiji Tasumi
- Institute for Extra-cutting-edge Science and Technology Avant-garde Research (X-star), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Yumi Saito
- Institute for Extra-cutting-edge Science and Technology Avant-garde Research (X-star), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Sanae Sakai
- Institute for Extra-cutting-edge Science and Technology Avant-garde Research (X-star), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Miyuki Ogawara
- Institute for Extra-cutting-edge Science and Technology Avant-garde Research (X-star), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Ohashi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ken Takai
- Institute for Extra-cutting-edge Science and Technology Avant-garde Research (X-star), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan
- Section for Exploration of Life in Extreme Environments, Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institute of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Jiao C, Hu Y, Zhang X, Jing R, Zeng T, Chen R, Li YY. Process characteristics and energy self-sufficient operation of a low-fouling anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor for up-concentrated municipal wastewater treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 843:156992. [PMID: 35772537 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Up-concentration of municipal wastewater using physico-chemical methods can effectively enrich organic matter, facilitating subsequent anaerobic digestion of up-concentrated wastewater for enhanced methanogenesis at reduced energy consumption. An anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor (AnDMBR) assisted with biogas-sparging was developed to treat up-concentrated municipal wastewater, focusing on the effects of operating temperature and hydraulic retention time (HRT) as well as COD mass balance and energy balance. The COD removal stabilized at about 98 % over the experimental period, while gaseous and dissolved methane contributed 43-49 % and 2-3 % to the influent COD reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The formed dynamic membrane exists mainly as a heterogeneous cake layer with a uneven distribution feature, ensuring the stable effluent quality. Without adopting any physico-chemical cleaning, the transmembrane pressure (TMP) maintained at a low range (2.7 to 14.67 kPa) with the average TMP increasing rate of 0.089 kPa/d showing a long-term low-fouling operation. Increasing the concentration ratio, the methane production rate decreased from 0.18 to 0.15 L CH4/gCOD likely due to the accumulation of particulate organics. Microbial community analysis indicated the predominant methanogenic pathway shifted from hydrogenotrophic to acetoclastic methanogenesis in response to the temperature change. Net energy balance (0.003-0.600 kWh/m3) can be achieved only under room temperature (25 °C) rather than mesophilic conditions (36 °C).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengfan Jiao
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Yisong Hu
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; International Science & Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Xi'an 710055, PR China.
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Ruosong Jing
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Ting Zeng
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Rong Chen
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; International Science & Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hu Z, Zheng M, Hu S, Hong PY, Zhang X, Prodanovic V, Zhang K, Pikaar I, Ye L, Deletic A, Yuan Z. Electrochemical iron production to enhance anaerobic membrane treatment of wastewater. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 225:119202. [PMID: 36215837 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Although iron salts such as iron(III) chloride (FeCl3) have widespread application in wastewater treatment, safety concerns limit their use, due to the corrosive nature of concentrated solutions. This study demonstrates that local, electrochemical generation of iron is a viable alternative to the use of iron salts. Three laboratory systems with anaerobic membrane processes were set up to treat real wastewater; two systems used the production of either in-situ or ex-situ electrochemical iron (as Fe2+ and Fe2+(Fe3+)2O4, respectively), while the other system served as a control. These systems were operated for over one year to assess the impact of electrochemically produced iron on system performance. The results showed that dosing of electrochemical iron significantly reduced sulfide concentration in effluent and hydrogen sulfide content in biogas, and mitigated organics-based membrane fouling, all of which are critical issues inherently related to sustainability of anaerobic wastewater treatment. The electrochemical iron strategy can generate multiple benefits for wastewater management including increased removal efficiencies for total and volatile suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand and phosphorus. The rate of methane production also increased with electrochemically produced iron. Economic analysis revealed the viability of electrochemical iron with total cost reduced by one quarter to a third compared with using FeCl3. These benefits indicate that electrochemical iron dosing can greatly enhance the overall operation and performance of anaerobic membrane processes, and this particularly facilitates wastewater management in a decentralized scenario.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhetai Hu
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Min Zheng
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Shihu Hu
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Pei-Ying Hong
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, SA 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xueqing Zhang
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Veljko Prodanovic
- Water Research Centre, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Kefeng Zhang
- Water Research Centre, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Ilje Pikaar
- School of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Liu Ye
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Ana Deletic
- Water Research Centre, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, QLD 4001, Australia
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu W, Xia R, Ding X, Cui W, Li T, Li G, Luo W. Impacts of nano-zero-valent iron on antibiotic removal by anaerobic membrane bioreactor for swine wastewater treatment. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
20
|
Wang YC, Lin YT, Wang C, Tong Z, Hu XR, Lv YH, Jiang GY, Han MF, Deng JG, Hsi HC, Lee CH. Microbial community regulation and performance enhancement in gas biofilters by interrupting bacterial communication. MICROBIOME 2022; 10:150. [PMID: 36117217 PMCID: PMC9484056 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01345-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Controlling excess biomass accumulation and clogging is important for maintaining the performance of gas biofilters and reducing energy consumption. Interruption of bacterial communication (quorum quenching) can modulate gene expression and alter biofilm properties. However, whether the problem of excess biomass accumulation in gas biofilters can be addressed by interrupting bacterial communication remains unknown. RESULTS In this study, parallel laboratory-scale gas biofilters were operated with Rhodococcus sp. BH4 (QQBF) and without Rhodococcus sp. BH4 (BF) to explore the effects of quorum quenching (QQ) bacteria on biomass accumulation and clogging. QQBF showed lower biomass accumulation (109 kg/m3) and superior operational stability (85-96%) than BF (170 kg/m3; 63-92%) at the end of the operation. Compared to BF, the QQBF biofilm had lower adhesion strength and decreased extracellular polymeric substance production, leading to easier detachment of biomass from filler surface into the leachate. Meanwhile, the relative abundance of quorum sensing (QS)-related species was found to decrease from 67 (BF) to 56% (QQBF). The QS function genes were also found a lower relative abundance in QQBF, compared with BF. Moreover, although both biofilters presented aromatic compounds removal performance, the keystone species in QQBF played an important role in maintaining biofilm stability, while the keystone species in BF exhibited great potential for biofilm formation. Finally, the possible influencing mechanism of Rhodococcus sp. BH4 on biofilm adhesion was demonstrated. Overall, the results of this study achieved excess biomass control while maintaining stable biofiltration performance (without interrupting operation) and greatly promoted the use of QQ technology in bioreactors. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Chao Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yu-Ting Lin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Can Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| | - Zhen Tong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xu-Rui Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Ya-Hui Lv
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Guan-Yu Jiang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Meng-Fei Han
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Ji-Guang Deng
- College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Hsing-Cheng Hsi
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hak Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chyoshi B, Gomes Coelho LH, García J, Subtil EL. Fate and removal of emerging contaminants in anaerobic fluidized membrane bioreactor filled with thermoplastic gel as biofilm support. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 300:134557. [PMID: 35405192 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The Anaerobic Fluidized Membrane Bioreactor (AnFMBR) is a membrane-based hybrid technology that can overcome the limitations of conventional anaerobic sewage treatment. Although previous studies have demonstrated excellent performance in the removal of conventional organic pollutants, further research into the removal paths of emerging contaminants (ECs) under various operating conditions is required for proper design and development of the AnFMBR technology. Regarding this, the fate of four ECs in a lab-scale AnFMBR filled with thermoplastic gel for biofilm growth was investigated under various Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) conditions. When the HRT was 13 h, diclofenac and 17β-estradiol were efficiently removed at 93% and 72% respectively. Even after an HRT reduction to 6.5 h, the system was still able to maintain high ECs removals (74% for diclofenac and 69% for 17β-estradiol). However, irrespective of HRT operational condition, smaller removals of 17a-ethinylestradiol (37-52%) were observed, while only marginal removals of amoxicillin were achieved (5-29%). Biotransformation was attributed as the main route for ECs removal. The results obtained in this study indicate that the membrane-based hybrid AnFMBR can be used to treat the target ECs without influence on anaerobic process. The technology had better removal efficiency for diclofenac and 17β-estradiol. However, the AnFMBR system exhibits high variability in EC removal and low capacity for amoxicillin removal, implying that a combination of other processes is still required to properly avoid the release of these contaminants into the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Chyoshi
- Center of Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Av. dos Estados, 5001, Santo André/SP, 09210-580, Brazil.
| | - Lucia Helena Gomes Coelho
- Center of Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Av. dos Estados, 5001, Santo André/SP, 09210-580, Brazil.
| | - Joan García
- GEMMA-Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTech, c/ Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, E-08034, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Eduardo Lucas Subtil
- Center of Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Av. dos Estados, 5001, Santo André/SP, 09210-580, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Effects of Caffeine and COD from Coffee Wastewater on Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation (Anammox) Activities. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14142238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
An anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process was employed to remove nitrogen from wastewater generated from a coffee brewing facility. The effects of caffeine and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in coffee wastewater on anammox activity were investigated. The anammox activity was inhibited in synthetic wastewater with a caffeine concentration greater than 350 mg/L. Daily additions of caffeine at 2.5 mg/L for 28 days to the same substrate did not inhibit anammox activity. However, daily additions of coffee wastewater with COD of ≥387 mg/L and caffeine at 2.5 mg/L significantly inhibited anammox activity. Because the pH was increased in the system, resulting in an increase in free ammonia (FA) concentration, one could postulate that FA is an inhibitor of anammox activity. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis was employed to determine the populations of anammox and denitrifying bacteria. Coffee wastewater with bacterial COD to total nitrogen (bCOD:TN) ratios of 0.3–0.6:1 did not have any effect on the abundances of anammox and denitrifying bacteria. The results from this work suggest that biodegradable COD (bCOD) rather than total COD (TCOD) should be used for calculating the COD:TN ratio during the study of the effects of nitrogen removal from real wastewaters using the anammox process. A not-competitive model could fit the anammox inhibition with caffeine concentrations at 50–500 mg/L with maximum specific anammox activity (SAAmax) of 0.594 mg-N/mg-volatile suspended solids (VSS)/d and inhibitory constant (Ki) of 480.97 mg/L.
Collapse
|
23
|
Pan W, Ouyang H, Tan X, Deng R, Gu L, He Q. Anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactors for synthetic blackwater treatment under room temperature and mesophilic conditions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 355:127295. [PMID: 35550923 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Two anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactors (AnDMBRs) were set up for the treatment of synthetic blackwater at room temperature (20-25 °C) and mesophilic conditions for 180 days with progressively increased organic loading rates(OLR). Despite dynamic membranes (DM), organics removal at room temperature was similar to removal within the mesophilic conditions of the reactor, with some disparities in methane production. A dense sludge filtration layer was more likely to be formed on the DM at room temperature, resulting in a faster membrane fouling. Microbial community analysis revealed that microorganisms had higher richness and lower diversity at room temperature, which was beneficial to the growth of Actinobacteriota, especially Propioniciclava. This comparative study discusses the feasibility of operating an AnDMBR under room temperature conditions versus mesophilic conditions. This analysis provides novel insights into future large-scale attempts to treat blackwater at room temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiliang Pan
- School of River and Ocean Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, PR China.
| | - Honglin Ouyang
- School of River and Ocean Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, PR China
| | - Xiuqing Tan
- School of River and Ocean Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, PR China
| | - Rui Deng
- School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, PR China
| | - Li Gu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Qiang He
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Rong C, Wang T, Luo Z, Hu Y, Kong Z, Qin Y, Hanaoka T, Ito M, Kobayashi M, Li YY. Pilot plant demonstration of temperature impacts on the methanogenic performance and membrane fouling control of the anaerobic membrane bioreactor in treating real municipal wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 354:127167. [PMID: 35436540 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A 5,000-L anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) fed with actual municipal wastewater was employed to study the impact of temperature drops on methanogenic performance and membrane fouling. With temperature dropped from 25 °C to 15 °C, the methane yield decreased from 0.244 to 0.205 NL-CH4/g-CODremoval and the dissolved methane increased from 29% to 43%, resulted in the methanogenic performance reduced by 25%. The membrane rejection offset the deteriorated anaerobic digestion at low temperatures and ensured the stable COD removal efficiency of 84.5%-90.0%. The synergistic effects of the increased microbial products and viscosity and the residual inorganic foulants aggravated the membrane fouling at lower temperatures. As the organic fouling was easily removed by NaClO, the inorganics related to the elements of S, Ca and Fe were the stubborn membrane foulants and required the enhanced acid membrane cleaning. These findings obtained under the quasi-practical condition are expected to promote the practical applications of mainstream AnMBR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Rong
- Department of Frontier Sciences for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Tianjie Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Zibin Luo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yisong Hu
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Zhe Kong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China
| | - Yu Qin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Taira Hanaoka
- Solution Engineering Group, Environmental Engineering Department, Mitsubishi Kakoki Kaisha, Ltd., 1-2 Miyamae-Cho, Kawasaki-Ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0012, Japan
| | - Masami Ito
- Global Water Recycling and Reuse System Association, Japan, 5-1, Soto-Kanda 1-Chome, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo 101-0021, Japan
| | - Masumi Kobayashi
- Separation and Aqua Chemicals Department, Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, Gate City Osaki East Tower, 11-2 Osaki 1-chome, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo 141-0032, Japan
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Frontier Sciences for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chang H, Kwon D, Kim J. Rejections and membrane fouling of submerged direct contact hollow-fiber membrane distillation as post-treatment for anaerobic fluidized bed bioreactor treating domestic sewage. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 296:133964. [PMID: 35167838 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, submerged direct contact membrane distillation (SDCMD) with a hollow-fiber membrane was applied as a post-treatment for an anaerobic fluidized bed bioreactor (AFBR) treating domestic sewage. The rejection efficiency of organic contaminants and nutrients, such as ammonia nitrogen and phosphate in SDCMD were investigated. As the transmembrane temperature difference increased, the permeate flux of SDCMD increased, while the rejection efficiency of ammonia nitrogen decreased. Regardless of the transmembrane temperature applied in this study, rejection efficiencies greater than 90% were achieved for organics and phosphate by SDCMD treatment of the AFBR effluent. A higher solution pH resulted in a lower ammonia nitrogen rejection efficiency, probably because nitrogen dominantly exists in the gaseous form and can easily pass through the hollow-fiber membrane. Long-term operation with the integrated AFBR-SDCMD process over 50 d at a transmembrane temperature of 30 °C and solution pH of 5.5 showed rejection efficiencies of 98.7%, 98.1%, and 90.5% for ammonia nitrogen, phosphate, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC), respectively. During the entire integrated process for treating domestic sewage, both DOC and nutrients present in the bulk solution of the SDCMD reactor were effectively removed to a concentrate. However, the permeate flux produced by the SDCMD membrane decreased over time, mainly because of the progressive biofouling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hari Chang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Program of Environmental and Polymer Engineering, Inha University, Inharo 100, Michuhogu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Daeeun Kwon
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Program of Environmental and Polymer Engineering, Inha University, Inharo 100, Michuhogu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghwan Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Program of Environmental and Polymer Engineering, Inha University, Inharo 100, Michuhogu, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Duan P, Wei M, Yao L, Li M. Relationship between non-point source pollution and fluorescence fingerprint of riverine dissolved organic matter is season dependent. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 823:153617. [PMID: 35124063 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The source identification of water pollution and quantification of pollution sources are vital for water environment management. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) affects the form, solubility, and toxicity of pollutants, so the migration and transformation of DOM are crucial for water quality assessment. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify pollution sources and quantify their contribution in water environments using fluorescence fingerprint of DOM. The Danjiangkou Reservoir and its main tributaries were selected as the study area. The DOM fluorescence components of pollution source samples were analyzed and the quantitative relationship between DOM spectral indices and nitrate isotopes (δ15N-NO3- and δ18O-NO3-) was established. It was found that humic-like substances were mainly derived from non-point source (NPS) pollution and protein-like substances were from point source (PS) pollution. The fluorescence index (FI) of DOM was positively correlated with PS pollution and negatively correlated with NPS pollution. The quantitative relationship between three-dimensional (3D) fluorescence spectra characteristics of DOM and water quality indicators or NPS pollution was established, which realized the convenient quantitative evaluation of pollution load and pollution source contribution using DOM fluorescence spectra characteristics. The strength of the correlation between DOM fluorescence spectra characteristics and water quality indicators (or NPS pollution) was affected by seasonal rainfall due to changes in the contribution of PS and NPS pollution. This study provides a new approach for source identification of water pollution and quantification of pollution sources using 3D fluorescence fingerprint of DOM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Duan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, PR China
| | - Mengjiao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Remediation and Pollution Control for Urban Ecological Environment, Numerical Simulation Group for Water Environment, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Lunguang Yao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, PR China
| | - Ming Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
He M, Chiang Albert Ng T, Huang S, Xu B, Yong Ng H. Ammonium removal and recovery from effluent of AnMBR treating real domestic wastewater using polymeric hydrogel. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
28
|
Ni J, Ji J, Kubota K, Li YY. Sodium hypochlorite induced inhibition in anaerobic digestion and possible approach to maintain methane fermentation performance. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 352:127096. [PMID: 35367600 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Since sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), a commonly used chemical to deal with membrane fouling, is toxic to microorganisms, it is a major concern in the membrane cleaning process. In this study, the concentration-dependent effects of NaClO (0-9 g/L) on the biodegradation performance and microbial activity were investigated via batch experiments. The methane production (obtained approximately 140 mL) and microbial community revealed by principal coordinates analysis were almost unaffected when the NaClO concentration ranged between 0 and 3 g/L. A follow-up batch experiment was conducted and revealed that the microbial products could help protect or recover the activity of anaerobic microorganisms at a high NaClO concentration of 10 g/L. Additionally, correlation analysis was used to investigate the associations between the 15 major bacterial genera. Moreover, the microbial analysis results indicated that the top 10 operational taxonomic units most affected by NaClO were primarily coryneform and filamentous bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Ni
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-07 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
| | - Jiayuan Ji
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
| | - Kengo Kubota
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; Department of Frontier Sciences for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; Department of Frontier Sciences for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Salamanca M, López-Serna R, Palacio L, Hernandez A, Prádanos P, Peña M. Ecological Risk Evaluation and Removal of Emerging Pollutants in Urban Wastewater by a Hollow Fiber Forward Osmosis Membrane. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:293. [PMID: 35323768 PMCID: PMC8949913 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12030293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Forward osmosis (FO) is a promising technology for the treatment of urban wastewater. FO can produce high-quality effluents and preconcentrate urban wastewater for subsequent anaerobic treatment. This membrane technology makes it possible to eliminate the pollutants present in urban wastewater, which can cause adverse effects in the ecosystem even at low concentrations. In this study, a 0.6 m2 hollow fiber aquaporin forward osmosis membrane was used for the treatment of urban wastewater from the Valladolid wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). A total of 51 Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs) were investigated, of which 18 were found in the target urban wastewater. They were quantified, and their ecotoxicological risk impact was evaluated. Different salts with different concentrations were tested as draw solutions to evaluate the membrane performances when working with pretreated urban wastewater. NaCl was found to be the most appropriate salt since it leads to higher permeate fluxes and lower reverse saline fluxes. The membrane can eliminate or significantly reduce the pollutants present in the studied urban wastewater, producing water without ecotoxicological risk or essentially free of pollutants. In all cases, good recovery was achieved, which increased with molecular weight, although chemical and electrostatic interactions also played a role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Salamanca
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Rebeca López-Serna
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Laura Palacio
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Antonio Hernandez
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Pedro Prádanos
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Mar Peña
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Aslam A, Khan SJ, Shahzad HMA. Anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs) for municipal wastewater treatment- potential benefits, constraints, and future perspectives: An updated review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 802:149612. [PMID: 34438128 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The application of Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactors (AnMBRs) for municipal wastewater treatment has been made sufficiently sustainable for practical implementations. The potential benefits are significant as AnMBRs effectively remove a broad range of contaminants from wastewater for water reuse, degrade organics in wastewater to yield methane-rich biogas for resultant energy production, and concentrate nutrients for subsequent recovery for fertilizer production. However, there still exist some concerns requiring vigilant considerations to make AnMBRs economically and technically viable. This review paper briefly describes process fundamentals and the basic AnMBR configurations and highlights six major factors which obstruct the way to AnMBRs installations affecting their performance for municipal wastewater treatment: (i) organic strength, (ii) membrane fouling, (iii) salinity build-up, (iv) inhibitory substances, (v) temperature, and (vi) membrane stability. This review also covers the energy utilization and energy potential in AnMBRs aiming energy neutrality or positivity of the systems which entails the requirement to further determine the economics of AnMBRs. The implications and related discussions have also been made on future perspectives of the concurrent challenges being faced in AnMBRs operation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alia Aslam
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Sector H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sher Jamal Khan
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Sector H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Aamir Shahzad
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Sector H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Liu W, Song X, Na Z, Li G, Luo W. Strategies to enhance micropollutant removal from wastewater by membrane bioreactors: Recent advances and future perspectives. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 344:126322. [PMID: 34785336 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Membrane bioreactor (MBR) has been widely implemented to advance wastewater treatment and reuse. Nevertheless, conventional MBRs with porous microfiltration or ultrafiltration membranes are not designed for the removal of micropollutants, which ubiquitously occur in wastewater at trace concentrations, but potentially exert detrimental impacts to the ecosystem. Several effective strategies have been applied to improve MBR performance for micropollutant removal, particularly the hydrophilic and recalcitrant compounds. These strategies mainly include the optimization of operational conditions, employment of high-retention membranes to replace porous ones, addition of functional materials into bioreactor, and integration of effluent purification processes. In particular, effluent purification by advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) and high-retention membranes can complement MBR to secure almost complete removal of micropollutants. Nevertheless, further research is still necessary to evaluate the technical and economic feasibility of these strategies, especially for long-term treatment performance, to screen the suitable techniques for industrial MBR applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wancen Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoye Song
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Centre of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124,China
| | - Zhang Na
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Centre of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124,China
| | - Guoxue Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wenhai Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactors for Municipal Wastewater Treatment: A Literature Review. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11120967. [PMID: 34940468 PMCID: PMC8703433 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11120967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Currently, there is growing scientific interest in the development of more economic, efficient and environmentally friendly municipal wastewater treatment technologies. Laboratory and pilot-scale surveys have revealed that the anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) is a promising alternative for municipal wastewater treatment. Anaerobic membrane bioreactor technology combines the advantages of anaerobic processes and membrane technology. Membranes retain colloidal and suspended solids and provide complete solid–liquid separation. The slow-growing anaerobic microorganisms in the bioreactor degrade the soluble organic matter, producing biogas. The low amount of produced sludge and the production of biogas makes AnMBRs favorable over conventional biological treatment technologies. However, the AnMBR is not yet fully mature and challenging issues remain. This work focuses on fundamental aspects of AnMBRs in the treatment of municipal wastewater. The important parameters for AnMBR operation, such as pH, temperature, alkalinity, volatile fatty acids, organic loading rate, hydraulic retention time and solids retention time, are discussed. Moreover, through a comprehensive literature survey of recent applications from 2009 to 2021, the current state of AnMBR technology is assessed and its limitations are highlighted. Finally, the need for further laboratory, pilot- and full-scale research is addressed.
Collapse
|
33
|
Lotfikatouli S, Hadi P, Yang M, Walker HW, Hsiao BS, Gobler C, Reichel M, Mao X. Enhanced anti-fouling performance in Membrane Bioreactors using a novel cellulose nanofiber-coated membrane. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
34
|
Scarascia G, Fortunato L, Myshkevych Y, Cheng H, Leiknes T, Hong PY. UV and bacteriophages as a chemical-free approach for cleaning membranes from anaerobic bioreactors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2016529118. [PMID: 34493685 PMCID: PMC8449398 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2016529118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) for wastewater treatment has attracted much interest due to its efficacy in providing high-quality effluent with minimal energy costs. However, membrane biofouling represents the main bottleneck for AnMBR because it diminishes flux and necessitates frequent replacement of membranes. In this study, we assessed the feasibility of combining bacteriophages and UV-C irradiation to provide a chemical-free approach to remove biofoulants on the membrane. The combination of bacteriophage and UV-C resulted in better log cells removal and ca. 2× higher extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) concentration reduction in mature biofoulants compared to either UV-C or bacteriophage alone. The cleaning mechanism behind this combined approach is by 1) reducing the relative abundance of Acinetobacter spp. and selected bacteria (e.g., Paludibacter, Pseudomonas, Cloacibacterium, and gram-positive Firmicutes) associated with the membrane biofilm and 2) forming cavities in the biofilm to maintain water flux through the membrane. When the combined treatment was further compared with the common chemical cleaning procedure, a similar reduction on the cell numbers was observed (1.4 log). However, the combined treatment was less effective in removing EPS compared with chemical cleaning. These results suggest that the combination of UV-C and bacteriophage have an additive effect in biofouling reduction, representing a potential chemical-free method to remove reversible biofoulants on membrane fitted to an AnMBR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giantommaso Scarascia
- Water Desalination and Reuse Center, Biological and Environmental Science & Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Luca Fortunato
- Water Desalination and Reuse Center, Biological and Environmental Science & Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yevhen Myshkevych
- Water Desalination and Reuse Center, Biological and Environmental Science & Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hong Cheng
- Water Desalination and Reuse Center, Biological and Environmental Science & Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - TorOve Leiknes
- Water Desalination and Reuse Center, Biological and Environmental Science & Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pei-Ying Hong
- Water Desalination and Reuse Center, Biological and Environmental Science & Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Ji J, Ni J, Ohtsu A, Isozumi N, Hu Y, Du R, Chen Y, Qin Y, Kubota K, Li YY. Important effects of temperature on treating real municipal wastewater by a submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor: Removal efficiency, biogas, and microbial community. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 336:125306. [PMID: 34034012 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor (SAnMBR) was used in the treatment of real municipal wastewater at operation temperatures ranging from 15 °C to 25 °C and hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 6 h. The treatment process was evaluated in terms of organic removal efficiency, biogas production, sludge growth and membrane filtration. During long-term operation, the SAnMBR achieved chemical oxygen demand removal efficiencies of about 90% with a low sludge yield (0.12-0.19 g-VSS/g-CODrem) at 20-25 °C. Approximately 1.82-2.27 kWh/d of electric energy was generated during the wastewater treatment process at 20-25 °C, 0.67 kWh/d was generated at 15 °C. The microbial community analysis results showed that microbial community was dominated by aceticlastic methanogens, coupled by hydrogenotrophic methanogens and a very small quantity of methylotrophic methanogens. It was also shown that the stabilization of the microbial community could be attributed to the carbohydrate-protein degrading bacteria and the carbohydrate degrading bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayuan Ji
- Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Jialing Ni
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-07 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Akito Ohtsu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Naoko Isozumi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yisong Hu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; Key Lab of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Runda Du
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yujie Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yu Qin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Kengo Kubota
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Lutze R, Engelhart M. Effects of Sludge Characteristics on the Critical Flux of an AnMBR for Sludge Treatment. CHEM-ING-TECH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202100025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Lutze
- EnviroChemie GmbH In den Leppsteinswiesen 9 64380 Roßdorf Germany
| | - Markus Engelhart
- Technische Universität Darmstadt Institut IWAR, Fachgebiet Abwassertechnik Franziska-Braun-Straße 7 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Operation of Submerged Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactors at 20 °C: Effect of Solids Retention Time on Flux, Mixed Liquor Characteristics and Performance. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9091525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Four flat-sheet submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactors ran for 242 days on a simulated domestic wastewater with low Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and high suspended solids. Organic loading was maintained around 1.0 g COD L−1 day−1, while solids retention time (SRT) was varied from 20–90 days. This was achieved at a constant membrane flux, maintained by adjusting transmembrane pressure (TMP) in the range 1.8–9.8 kPa. Membrane fouling was assessed based on the required TMP, with mixed liquors characterised using capillary suction time, frozen image centrifugation and quantification of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). SRT had a significant effect on these parameters: fouling was least at an SRT of 30 days and highest at 60 days, with some reduction as this extended to 90 days. Operation at SRT < 30 days showed no further benefits. Although operation at a short SRT was optimal for membrane performance it led to lower specific methane productivity, higher biomass yields and higher effluent COD. Short SRT may also have accelerated the loss of essential trace elements, leading to reduced performance under these conditions. A COD-based mass balance was conducted, including both biomass and methane dissolved in the effluent.
Collapse
|
38
|
Kimura K, Yamakawa M, Hafuka A. Direct membrane filtration (DMF) for recovery of organic matter in municipal wastewater using small amounts of chemicals and energy. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 277:130244. [PMID: 34384173 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The recovery and utilization of organic matter in municipal wastewater are essential for the establishment of a sustainable society, such that these factors have drawn significant recent attention. The up-concentration of organic matter via direct membrane filtration (DMF), followed by anaerobic digestion, is advantageous over the treatment of the entire wastewater by an anaerobic process, such as an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR). However, the occurrence of severe membrane fouling in the DMF is a problem. In this study, DMF was carried out at an existing wastewater treatment plant to attempt long-term operation. A combination of vibration of membrane modules, short-term aeration, and chemically enhanced backwash (CEB), with multiple chemicals (i.e., the alternative use of citric acid and NaClO), was found to be effective for the mitigation of membrane fouling in DMF. Furthermore, switching the feed from influents to effluents in the primary sedimentation basin significantly mitigated membrane fouling. In this study, in which microfiltration membrane, with a nominal pore size of 0.1 μm, was used, ∼75% of the organic matter in raw wastewater was recovered, with the volumetric concentration of wastewater by 50- or 150-fold. Organic matter recovered by DMF had significantly higher potentials for biogas production than the excess sludge generated from the same wastewater treatment plant. An analysis of the energy balance (i.e., the energy used for DMF and recovered by DMF) suggests that the proposed DMF can produce a net-positive amount of electricity of ∼0.3 kWh from 1 m3 of raw wastewater with a typical strength (chemical oxygen demand of 500 mg/L).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katsuki Kimura
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13W8, Kita-ku, 060-8628, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Mutsumi Yamakawa
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13W8, Kita-ku, 060-8628, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akira Hafuka
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13W8, Kita-ku, 060-8628, Sapporo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lasode A, Rinn E, Northrop WF. Surveying the applicability of energy recovery technologies for waste treatment: Case study for anaerobic wastewater treatment in Minnesota. JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION (1995) 2021; 71:974-988. [PMID: 33739914 DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2021.1906353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Waste treatment is an important part of the future global energy portfolio. Challenges associated with implementing energy recovery technology at waste treatment sites include interwoven technical, economic, and policy considerations. This work focuses on the tradeoff of input waste energy content to output electrical power, i.e. efficiency for waste-to-energy systems. Also presented is an approach for conversion technology selection based on characteristics of the waste stream, energy content of biogas generated from anaerobic waste treatment, and commercial applicability of five major prime movers across a large gradient of power output including: gas turbines, steam turbines, microturbines, reciprocating internal combustion engines, and solid oxide fuel cells. An efficiency model developed from fundamental thermodynamic principles is used to estimate the amount of power available from a waste treatment site, using data from a comprehensive data set of prime mover characteristics. A case study is presented, illustrating prime mover selection for three types of waste systems in Minnesota, United States: wastewater treatment plants, landfill sites and dairy farms. The results show that gas and steam turbines are recommended for large-scale systems with millions of gallons per day of wastewater generation, up to 60% of waste treatment sites. For small-scale systems applicable to distributed waste treatment and wastewater treatment facilities processing less than 10,000 gallons of water per day, fuel cells are recommended solely based on their high efficiency. Given the potential growth of decentralized waste-to-energy, the scarcity of highly efficient, affordable and fuel flexible power generation options necessitates further innovation in small-scale prime mover technologies.Implications: Energy recovery from waste has not reached its potential due to several decision-influencing factors and technical challenges. Here an efficiency model is presented that theoretically validates efficiency curves for prime movers often shown in previous literature, but without physical verification. The developed regime model has significant practical utility as it concisely estimates power generation potential of a given waste treatment site. This work decouples decision factors by providing a practical template to better identify applicability of a prime mover to waste processing scenarios. In addition, the applicability analysis highlights areas in need of innovation, technology, and policy to address the changing landscape of waste treatment scale and potential opportunity to recover energy from small-scale distributed treatment facilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aduramo Lasode
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Emma Rinn
- Data Science, GIS and Graphics, Aerio Technologies, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - William F Northrop
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Grossman AD, Belete YZ, Boussiba S, Yogev U, Posten C, Ortiz Tena F, Thomsen L, Wang S, Gross A, Leu S, Bernstein R. Advanced near-zero waste treatment of food processing wastewater with water, carbon, and nutrient recovery. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 779:146373. [PMID: 34030249 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A near-zero waste treatment system for food processing wastewater was developed and studied. The wastewater was treated using an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR), polished using an outdoor photobioreactor for microalgae cultivation (three species were studied), and excess sludge was treated using hydrothermal carbonization. The study was conducted under arid climate conditions for one year (four seasons). The AnMBR reduced the total organic carbon by 97%, which was mostly recovered as methane (~57%) and hydrochar (~4%). Microalgal biomass productivity in the AnMBR effluent ranged from 0.25 to 0.8 g·L-1·day-1. Nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) uptake varied seasonally, from 18 to 45 mg·L-1·day-1 and up to 5 mg·L-1·day-1, respectively. N and P mass balance analysis demonstrated that the process was highly efficient in the recovery of nitrogen (~77%), and phosphorus (~91%). The performance of the microalgal culture changed among seasons because of climatic variation, as a result of variation in the wastewater chemistry, and possibly due to differences among the microalgal species. Effluent standards for irrigation use were met throughout the year and were achieved within two days in summer and 4.5 days in winter. Overall, the study demonstrated a near-zero waste discharge system capable of producing high-quality effluent, achieving nutrient and carbon recovery into microalgae biomass, and energy production as biogas and hydrochar.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amit Dan Grossman
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede-Boqer Campus, 84990, Israel
| | - Yonas Zeslase Belete
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede-Boqer Campus, 84990, Israel
| | - Sammy Boussiba
- Microalgal Biotechnology Laboratory, French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede-Boqer Campus, 84990, Israel
| | - Uri Yogev
- National Center for Mariculture, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research Institute, 88112 Eilat, Israel
| | - Clemens Posten
- Karlsruhe Institute for Technology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Bioprocess Engineering, Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Franziska Ortiz Tena
- Karlsruhe Institute for Technology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Bioprocess Engineering, Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Laurenz Thomsen
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Amit Gross
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede-Boqer Campus, 84990, Israel
| | - Stefan Leu
- Microalgal Biotechnology Laboratory, French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede-Boqer Campus, 84990, Israel.
| | - Roy Bernstein
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede-Boqer Campus, 84990, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Ji J, Chen Y, Hu Y, Ohtsu A, Ni J, Li Y, Sakuma S, Hojo T, Chen R, Li YY. One-year operation of a 20-L submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor for real domestic wastewater treatment at room temperature: Pursuing the optimal HRT and sustainable flux. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 775:145799. [PMID: 33621884 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A 20 L hollow-fiber submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor (SAnMBR) was used to treat real domestic wastewater at 25 °C with hydraulic retention times (HRTs) ranging from 4 to 12 h. The process performance was evaluated by organic removal efficiency, biogas production, sludge yield, and filtration behaviors during one-year's operation. For HRTs ranging between 6 and 12 h, the AnMBR showed good organic removal efficiency with chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) removal efficiencies of about 89% and 93%, respectively. The biogas yield was 0.26 L-gas/g-CODfed, with approximately 80% methane content, and the sludge yield was 0.07-0.11 g-VSS/g-CODrem. While at an HRT of 4 h, with the higher wastewater treatment capacity and organic loading rate (OLR), the biogas production was lower (0.17 L-gas/g-CODfed), and the sludge production was higher (0.22 g-VSS/g-CODrem). The organic removal performance (COD 84% and BOD 89%) at HRT of 4 h was acceptable due to the effective separation effect of the membrane filtration process. According to COD balance analysis, the low biogas yield and high sludge yield at HRT of 4 h were due to insufficient biodegradation under an OLR of 2.05 g-COD/L-reactor/d. Theoretical calculations based on Henry's law indicate that the ideal methane content in the biogas should be 82-85% when the operational temperature was 25 °C. To achieve a high flux and sustainable AnMBR operation, the impact of mixed liquor suspended solid (MLSS) and gas sparging velocity (GSV) on the filtration performance was analyzed. The critical flux increased with increase in the GSV from 24.2 to 174.3 m/h, but decreased with increase in the MLSS concentration from 8.2 to 20.2 g/L. Therefore, decreasing fouling rate to 0.8-1.2 kPa/d by efficiently controlling GSV and MLSS, sustainable operation could be achieved at a flux of 0.34 m/d.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayuan Ji
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
| | - Yujie Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yisong Hu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; Key Lab of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Akito Ohtsu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Jialing Ni
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yemei Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Satoshi Sakuma
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Toshimasa Hojo
- Department of Civil Engineering and Management, Tohoku Institute of Technology, 35-1, Yagiyamakasumi-cho, Taihaku-ku, Sendai 982-8577, Japan
| | - Rong Chen
- Key Lab of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Sanchis-Perucho P, Robles Á, Durán F, Rogalla F, Ferrer J, Seco A. Widening the applicability of AnMBR for urban wastewater treatment through PDMS membranes for dissolved methane capture: Effect of temperature and hydrodynamics. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 287:112344. [PMID: 33752047 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
AnMBR technology is a promising alternative to achieve future energy-efficiency and environmental-friendly urban wastewater (UWW) treatment. However, the large amount of dissolved methane lost in the effluent represents a potential high environmental impact that hinder the feasibility of this technology for full-scale applications. The use of degassing membranes (DM) to capture the dissolved methane from AnMBR effluents can be considered as an interesting alternative to solve this problem although further research is required to assess the suitability of this emerging technology. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of operating temperature and hydrodynamics on the capture of dissolved methane from AnMBR effluents by DMs. To this aim, a commercial polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) DM was coupled to an industrial prototype AnMBR (demonstration scale) treating UWW at ambient temperature. Different operating temperatures have been evaluated: 11, 18, 24 and 30 °C. Moreover, the DM was operated at different ratios of liquid flow rate to membrane area (QL:A) ranging from 22 to 190 Lh-1m-2 in order to study the resistance of the system to methane permeation. Methane recovery was maximized when temperature raised and QL:A was reduced, giving methane recovery efficiencies (MRE) of about 85% at a temperature of 30 °C and a QL:A of 25 Lh-1m-2. The study showed that high QL:A ratios hinder methane recovery by the perturbation of the DM fibers, being this effect intensified at lower temperatures probably due the higher liquid viscosities. Also, the performed fouling evaluation showed that not significant membrane fouling may be expected in the DM unit at the short-term when treating AnMBR effluents. A resistance-in-series model was proposed to predict the overall mass transfer of the system according to operating temperature and QL:A, showing that methane capture was controlled by the liquid phase, which represented up to 80-90% of total mass transfer resistance. The energy and environmental evaluation performed in this study revealed that PDMS DMs would enhance energy recovery and environmental feasibility of AnMBR technology for UWW treatment, especially when operating at low temperatures. When MRE was maximized, the combination of AnMBR with DM achieved net energy productions and net greenhouse gas reductions of up to 0.87 kWh and 0.216 kg CO2-eq per m3 of treated water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pau Sanchis-Perucho
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat de València, Spain.
| | - Ángel Robles
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat de València, Spain.
| | | | | | - José Ferrer
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Institut Universitari d'Investigació d'Enginyeria de l'Aigua i Medi Ambient - IIAMA, Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Spain.
| | - Aurora Seco
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat de València, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Szczuka A, Berglund-Brown JP, MacDonald JA, Mitch WA. Control of sulfides and coliphage MS2 using hydrogen peroxide and UV disinfection for non-potable reuse of pilot-scale anaerobic membrane bioreactor effluent. WATER RESEARCH X 2021; 11:100097. [PMID: 33817615 PMCID: PMC8005849 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2021.100097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic membrane bioreactors reduce the energy cost of wastewater treatment and meet filtration requirements for non-potable reuse. However, sulfides (H2S/HS-) formed during anaerobic treatment exert a high chlorine demand and inhibit UV disinfection by photon shielding at 254 nm. This study evaluated the feasibility of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for sulfide oxidation, UV disinfection for inactivation of MS2 bacteriophage, and chlorine to provide a residual for distribution. H2O2 treatment at pH ≥ 8 favored sulfide oxidation to sulfate in 30 min at a 4:1 H2O2:sulfide stoichiometry. Compared to a 6:1 H2O2:sulfide molar ratio, treatment of anaerobic effluent with 0.5 mM sulfides with a 4:1 H2O2:sulfide molar ratio would increase the applied UV fluence needed for 5-log MS2 inactivation from 180 mJ cm-2 to 225 mJ cm-2. However, the lower H2O2 dose reduced the dose of chlorine needed to quench residual H2O2 and provide a residual for distribution. Treatment at the 4:1 H2O2:sulfide molar ratio was favored, because the cost savings in H2O2 and chlorine reagents outweighed the energy savings associated with UV treatment. However, H2O2/UV/chlorine treatment of anaerobic effluent was cost-competitive with conventional treatment of aerobic effluent for non-potable reuse only for < 285 µM sulfides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Szczuka
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, 2350 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, 473 Via Ortega, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Juliana P. Berglund-Brown
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, 473 Via Ortega, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Jessica A. MacDonald
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, 473 Via Ortega, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - William A. Mitch
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, 473 Via Ortega, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Iskander SM, Amha YM, Wang P, Dong Q, Liu J, Corbett M, Smith AL. Investigation of Fats, Oils, and Grease Co-digestion With Food Waste in Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactors and the Associated Microbial Community Using MinION Sequencing. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:613626. [PMID: 33912543 PMCID: PMC8072289 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.613626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Co-digestion of fats, oils, and grease (FOG) with food waste (FW) can improve the energy recovery in anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs). Here, we investigated the effect of co-digestion of FW and FOG in AnMBRs at fat mass loading of 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 kg m–3 day–1 with a constant organic loading rate of 5.0 gCOD L–1 day–1 in both a single-phase (SP) and two-phase (TP) configuration. A separate mono-digestion of FW at an identical organic loading rate was used as the benchmark. During co-digestion, higher daily biogas production, ranging from 4.0 to 12.0%, was observed in the two-phase methane phase (TP-MP) reactor compared to the SP reactor, but the difference was statistically insignificant (p > 0.05) due to the high variability in daily biogas production. However, the co-digestion of FW with FOG at 1.0 kg m–3 day–1 fat loading rate significantly (p < 0.05) improved daily biogas production in both the SP (11.0%) and TP (13.0%) reactors compared to the mono-digestion of FW. Microbial community analyses using cDNA-based MinION sequencing of weekly biomass samples from the AnMBRs revealed the prevalence of Lactobacillus (92.2–95.7% relative activity) and Anaerolineaceae (13.3–57.5% relative activity), which are known as fermenters and fatty acid degraders. Syntrophic fatty acid oxidizers were mostly present in the SP and TP-MP reactors, possibly because of the low pH and short solid retention time (SRT) in the acid phase digesters. A greater abundance of the mcrA gene copies (and methanogens) was observed in the SP and MP reactors compared to the acid-phase (AP) reactors. This study demonstrates that FW and FOG can be effectively co-digested in AnMBRs and is expected to inform full-scale decisions on the optimum fat loading rate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Syeed Md Iskander
- Astani Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States
| | - Yamrot M Amha
- Trussell Technologies, Inc., Pasadena, CA, United States
| | - Phillip Wang
- Astani Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Qin Dong
- Astani Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Juhe Liu
- Astani Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | | | - Adam L Smith
- Astani Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Millanar-Marfa JMJ, Borea L, Castrogiovanni F, Hasan SW, Choo KH, Korshin GV, de Luna MDG, Ballesteros FC, Belgiorno V, Naddeo V. Self-forming Dynamic Membranes for Wastewater Treatment. SEPARATION & PURIFICATION REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2021.1887223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessa Marie J. Millanar-Marfa
- Environmental Engineering Program, National Graduate School of Engineering, University of the Philippines, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Laura Borea
- Sanitary Environmental Engineering Division (SEED), Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Fabiano Castrogiovanni
- Sanitary Environmental Engineering Division (SEED), Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Shadi Wajih Hasan
- Center for Membrane and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Masdar City Campus, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kwang-Ho Choo
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University (KNU), Bukgu Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Gregory V. Korshin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Mark Daniel G. de Luna
- Environmental Engineering Program, National Graduate School of Engineering, University of the Philippines, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Florencio C. Ballesteros
- Environmental Engineering Program, National Graduate School of Engineering, University of the Philippines, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Vincenzo Belgiorno
- Sanitary Environmental Engineering Division (SEED), Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Naddeo
- Sanitary Environmental Engineering Division (SEED), Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Tomei MC, Mosca Angelucci D, Clagnan E, Brusetti L. Anaerobic biodegradation of phenol in wastewater treatment: achievements and limits. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:2195-2224. [PMID: 33630152 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11182-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Anaerobic biodegradation of toxic compounds found in industrial wastewater is an attractive solution allowing the recovery of energy and resources but it is still challenging due to the low kinetics making the anaerobic process not competitive against the aerobic one. In this review, we summarise the present state of knowledge on the anaerobic biodegradation process for phenol, a typical target compound employed in toxicity studies on industrial wastewater treatment. The objective of this article is to provide an overview on the microbiological and technological aspects of anaerobic phenol degradation and on the research needs to fill the gaps still hindering the diffusion of the anaerobic process. The first part is focused on the microbiology and extensively presents and characterises phenol-degrading bacteria and biodegradation pathways. In the second part, dedicated to process feasibility, anaerobic and aerobic biodegradation kinetics are analysed and compared, and strategies to enhance process performance, i.e. advanced technologies, bioaugmentation, and biostimulation, are critically analysed and discussed. The final section provides a summary of the research needs. Literature data analysis shows the feasibility of anaerobic phenol biodegradation at laboratory and pilot scale, but there is still a consistent gap between achieved aerobic and anaerobic performance. This is why current research demand is mainly related to the development and optimisation of powerful technologies and effective operation strategies able to enhance the competitiveness of the anaerobic process. Research efforts are strongly justified because the anaerobic process is a step forward to a more sustainable approach in wastewater treatment.Key points• Review of phenol-degraders bacteria and biodegradation pathways.• Anaerobic phenol biodegradation kinetics for metabolic and co-metabolic processes.• Microbial and technological strategies to enhance process performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Concetta Tomei
- Water Research Institute, C.N.R., Via Salaria km 29.300, CP 10, 00015, Monterotondo Stazione Rome, Italy.
| | - Domenica Mosca Angelucci
- Water Research Institute, C.N.R., Via Salaria km 29.300, CP 10, 00015, Monterotondo Stazione Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Clagnan
- Ricicla Group - DiSAA, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Brusetti
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen - Bolzano, Piazza Università 5, 39100, Bolzano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Kwon D, Bae W, Kim J. Hybrid forward osmosis/membrane distillation integrated with anaerobic fluidized bed bioreactor for advanced wastewater treatment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 404:124160. [PMID: 33049631 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Forward osmosis (FO)-membrane distillation (MD) process was integrated with anaerobic fluidized bed bioreactor (AFBR) to advance wastewater treatment. Low removal efficiency of nutrients such as ammonia nitrogen was improved significantly by combining FO-MD process with AFBR. The MD membrane was applied to concentrate the draw solution (DS) which can be diluted by FO filtration. By using 1 M of NaCl as DS, about 80% of ammonia nitrogen was further removed by the FO membrane while the phosphorous was removed almost completely (99%). However, the accumulation of ammonia nitrogen in DS and the reverse salt flux through the FO membrane was unavoidable. Nevertheless, combining MD membrane produced excellent removal efficiency yielding only 4 and 5.6 mg/L of ammonia nitrogen and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in MD permeate, respectively at 15 ℃ of transmembrane temperature. Alternatively, there is the possibility that the FO-MD process can be superior to concentrate resources such as nitrogen and phosphorous present in AFBR. The reverse salt flux from DS into AFBR bulk suspension did not show adverse effects on the performances of bioreactor with respect to COD removal efficiency, conductivity and methane production during operational period. Deposit of the fouling layer on FO membrane was also observed, but the fouling on MD membrane was not severe probably because crystallization rate could be retarded by diluting the DS during FO filtration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daeeun Kwon
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Inha University, Inharo-100, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22201, Republic of Korea
| | - Woobin Bae
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Inha University, Inharo-100, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22201, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghwan Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Inha University, Inharo-100, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22201, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Ariunbaatar J, Bair R, Ozcan O, Ravishankar H, Esposito G, Lens PNL, Yeh DH. Performance of AnMBR in Treatment of Post-consumer Food Waste: Effect of Hydraulic Retention Time and Organic Loading Rate on Biogas Production and Membrane Fouling. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 8:594936. [PMID: 33537290 PMCID: PMC7848113 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.594936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion of food waste (FW) is typically limited to large reactors due to high hydraulic retention times (HRTs). Technologies such as anaerobic membrane reactors (AnMBRs) can perform anaerobic digestion at lower HRTs while maintaining high chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies. This study evaluated the effect of HRT and organic loading rate (OLR) on the stability and performance of a side-stream AnMBR in treating diluted fresh food waste (FW). The reactor was fed with synthetic FW at an influent concentration of 8.24 (± 0.12) g COD/L. The OLR was increased by reducing the HRT from 20 to 1 d. The AnMBR obtained an overall removal efficiency of >97 and >98% of the influent COD and total suspended solids (TSS), respectively, throughout the course of operation. The biological process was able to convert 76% of the influent COD into biogas with 70% methane content, while the cake layer formed on the membrane gave an additional COD removal of 7%. Total ammoniacal nitrogen (TAN) and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations were found to be higher in the bioreactor than in the influent, and average overall removal efficiencies of 17.3 (± 5) and 61.5 (± 3)% of TAN and TN, respectively, were observed with respect to the bioreactor concentrations after 2 weeks. Total phosphorus (TP) had an average removal efficiency of 40.39 (± 5)% with respect to the influent. Membrane fouling was observed when the HRT was decreased from 7 to 5 d and was alleviated through backwashing. This study suggests that the side-stream AnMBR can be used to successfully reduce the typical HRT of wet anaerobic food waste (solids content 7%) digesters from 20 days to 1 day, while maintaining a high COD removal efficiency and biogas production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javkhlan Ariunbaatar
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, Italy
| | - Robert Bair
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Onur Ozcan
- Environmental Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Harish Ravishankar
- Department of Microbiology, National University of Ireland Galway (NUIG), Galway, Ireland
| | - Giovanni Esposito
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, Italy
| | - Piet N L Lens
- Department of Microbiology, National University of Ireland Galway (NUIG), Galway, Ireland
| | - Daniel H Yeh
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Chen C, Sun M, Liu Z, Zhang J, Xiao K, Zhang X, Song G, Chang J, Liu G, Wang H, Huang X. Robustness of granular activated carbon-synergized anaerobic membrane bioreactor for pilot-scale application over a wide seasonal temperature change. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 189:116552. [PMID: 33166921 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A novel granular activated carbon-synergized anaerobic membrane bioreactor (GAC-AnMBR), consisted of four expanded bed anaerobic bioreactors with GAC carriers and a membrane tank, was established in pilot scale (10 m3/d) to treat real municipal wastewater (MWW) at ambient temperature seasonally fluctuating from 35 to 5 °C. It showed sound organic removal over 86% with the permeate COD less than 50 mg/L even at extremely low temperatures below 10 °C. COD mass balance analysis revealed that membrane rejection (with a contribution rate of 10%-20%) guaranteed the stable organic removal, particularly at psychrophilic temperature. The methane yield was over 0.24 L CH4 (STP)/g COD removed at mesophilic temperature and 0.21 L CH4 (STP)/g COD removed at 5-15 °C. Pyrosequencing of microbial communities suggested that lower temperature reduced the abundance of the methane producing bacteria, but the methane production was enhanced by selectively enriched Methanosaeta, syntrophic Syntrophobacter and Smithella and exoelectrogenic Geobacter for direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) on the additive GAC. Compared with previously reported pilot-scale AnMBRs, the GAC-AnMBR in this study showed better overall performance and higher stability in a wide temperature range of 5-35 °C. The synergistic effect of GAC on AnMBR guaranteed the robustness of GAC-AnMBR against temperature, which highlighted the applicational potential of GAC-AnMBR, especially in cold and temperate climate regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chen
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Mingzhuang Sun
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Ziwei Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Jiao Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Kang Xiao
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| | - Xian Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Guangqing Song
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Jiang Chang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Wastewater Reuse, Beijing 100124, China; Beijing Drainage Group Co. Ltd., Beijing 100124, China
| | - Guoliang Liu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Wastewater Reuse, Beijing 100124, China; Beijing Drainage Group Co. Ltd., Beijing 100124, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Wastewater Reuse, Beijing 100124, China; Beijing Drainage Group Co. Ltd., Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xia Huang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Research and Application Center for Membrane Technology, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Transient hydrodynamic stresses on reciprocating hollow fibers using Hydro-Rattle algorithm: A constraint dissipative hydrodynamics simulation. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|