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Yusuf J, Sapuan SM, Ansari MA, Siddiqui VU, Jamal T, Ilyas RA, Hassan MR. Exploring nanocellulose frontiers: A comprehensive review of its extraction, properties, and pioneering applications in the automotive and biomedical industries. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 255:128121. [PMID: 37984579 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Material is an inseparable entity for humans to serve different purposes. However, synthetic polymers represent a major category of anthropogenic pollutants with detrimental impacts on natural ecosystems. This escalating environmental issue is characterized by the accumulation of non-biodegradable plastic materials, which pose serious threats to the health of our planet's ecosystem. Cellulose is becoming a focal point for many researchers due to its high availability. It has been used to serve various purposes. Recent scientific advancements have unveiled innovative prospects for the utilization of nanocellulose within the area of advanced science. This comprehensive review investigates deeply into the field of nanocellulose, explaining the methodologies employed in separating nanocellulose from cellulose. It also explains upon two intricately examined applications that emphasize the pivotal role of nanocellulose in nanocomposites. The initial instance pertains to the automotive sector, encompassing cutting-edge applications in electric vehicle (EV) batteries, while the second exemplifies the use of nanocellulose in the field of biomedical applications like otorhinolaryngology, ophthalmology, and wound dressing. This review aims to provide comprehensive information starting from the definitions, identifying the sources of the nanocellulose and its extraction, and ending with the recent applications in the emerging field such as energy storage and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Yusuf
- Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites (AEMC) Research Centre, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S M Sapuan
- Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites (AEMC) Research Centre, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Interdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mubashshir Ahmad Ansari
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Zakir Husain College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202001, India.
| | - Vasi Uddin Siddiqui
- Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites (AEMC) Research Centre, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Tarique Jamal
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.
| | - R A Ilyas
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Centre for Advanced Composite Materials, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Centre of Excellence for Biomass Utilization, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia.
| | - M R Hassan
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Li J, Xiong Z, Zeng K, Zhong D, Zhang X, Chen W, Nzihou A, Flamant G, Yang H, Chen H. Characteristics and Evolution of Nitrogen in the Heavy Components of Algae Pyrolysis Bio-Oil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:6373-6385. [PMID: 33844510 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c00676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Algae pyrolytic bio-oil contains a large quantity of N-containing components (NCCs), which can be processed as valuable chemicals, while the harmful gases can also be released during bio-oil upgrading. However, the characteristics of NCCs in the bio-oil, especially the composition of heavy NCCs (molecular weight ≥200 Da), have not been fully studied due to the limitation of advanced analytical methods. In this study, three kinds of algae rich in lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates were rapidly pyrolyzed (10-25 °C/s) at different temperatures (300-700 °C). The bio-oil was analyzed using a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer equipped with electrospray ionization, and the characteristics and evolution of nitrogen in heavy components were first obtained. The results indicated that the molecular weight of most heavy NCCs was distributed in the 200-400 Da range. N1-3 compounds account for over 60% in lipid and protein-rich samples, while N0 and N4 components are prominent in carbohydrate-rich samples. As temperature increases, most NCCs become more aromatic and contain less O due to the strong Maillard and deoxygenation reactions. Moreover, the heavier NCCs were promoted to form lighter compounds with more nitrogen atoms through decomposition (mainly denitrogenation and deoxygenation). Finally, some strategies to deal with the NCCs for high-quality bio-oil production were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, PR China
| | - Zhe Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, PR China
| | - Kuo Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, PR China
- Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute, Shenzhen 523000, China
| | - Dian Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, PR China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, PR China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, PR China
| | - Ange Nzihou
- Université de Toulouse, Mines Albi, UMR CNRS 5302, Centre RAPSODEE, Campus Jarlard, Albi Cedex 09 F-81013, France
| | - Gilles Flamant
- Processes Materials and Solar Energy Laboratory, PROMES-CNRS, 7 Rue du Four Solaire, Odeillo Font Romeu 66120, France
| | - Haiping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, PR China
| | - Hanping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, PR China
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Aliana-Nasharuddin N, Asikin-Mijan N, Abdulkareem-Alsultan G, Saiman MI, Alharthi FA, Alghamdi AA, Taufiq-Yap YH. Production of green diesel from catalytic deoxygenation of chicken fat oil over a series binary metal oxide-supported MWCNTs. RSC Adv 2020; 10:626-642. [PMID: 35494444 PMCID: PMC9047115 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08409f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Deoxygenation processes that exploit milder reaction conditions under H2-free atmospheres appear environmentally and economically effective for the production of green diesel.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Aliana-Nasharuddin
- Catalysis Science and Technology Research Centre (PutraCAT)
- Faculty of Science
- Universiti Putra Malaysia
- 43400 UPM Serdang
- Malaysia
| | - N. Asikin-Mijan
- Catalysis Science and Technology Research Centre (PutraCAT)
- Faculty of Science
- Universiti Putra Malaysia
- 43400 UPM Serdang
- Malaysia
| | - G. Abdulkareem-Alsultan
- Catalysis Science and Technology Research Centre (PutraCAT)
- Faculty of Science
- Universiti Putra Malaysia
- 43400 UPM Serdang
- Malaysia
| | - Mohd Izham Saiman
- Catalysis Science and Technology Research Centre (PutraCAT)
- Faculty of Science
- Universiti Putra Malaysia
- 43400 UPM Serdang
- Malaysia
| | - Fahad A. Alharthi
- Chemistry Department Science College
- King Saud University
- Riyadh 11451
- Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Y. H. Taufiq-Yap
- Catalysis Science and Technology Research Centre (PutraCAT)
- Faculty of Science
- Universiti Putra Malaysia
- 43400 UPM Serdang
- Malaysia
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Rahman NAA, Fermoso J, Sanna A. Effect of Li-LSX-zeolite on the in-situ catalytic deoxygenation and denitrogenation of Isochrysis sp. microalgae pyrolysis vapours. FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY 2018; 173:253-261. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2018.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Kabir G, Mohd Din AT, Hameed BH. Pyrolysis of oil palm mesocarp fiber catalyzed with steel slag-derived zeolite for bio-oil production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 249:42-48. [PMID: 29040858 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The pyrolysis of oil palm mesocarp fiber (OPMF) was catalyzed with a steel slag-derived zeolite (FAU-SL) in a slow-heating fixed-bed reactor at 450 °C, 550 °C, and 600 °C. The catalytic pyrolysis of OPMF produced a maximum yield of 47 wt% bio-oil at 550 °C, and the crude pyrolysis vapor (CPV) of this process yielded crude pyrolysis oil with broad distribution of bulky oxygenated organic compounds. The bio-oil composition produced at 550 °C contained mainly light and stable acid-rich carbonyls at a relative abundance of 48.02% peak area and phenolic compounds at 12.03% peak area. The FAU-SL high mesoporosity and strong surface acidity caused the conversion of the bulky CPV molecules into mostly light acid-rich carbonyls and aromatics through secondary reactions. The secondary reactions mechanisms facilitated by FAU-SL reduced the distribution of the organic compounds in the bio-oil to mostly acid-rich carbonyls and aromatic in contrast to other common zeolite.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kabir
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, University Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia; Department of Chemical Engineering, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, P. M. B. 0248, Bauchi, Nigeria
| | - A T Mohd Din
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, University Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - B H Hameed
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, University Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia.
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