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Pugazhendi A, Jamal MT, Jeyakumar RB. Biohydrogen production through energy efficient surfactant induced microwave pretreatment of macroalgae Ulva reticulata. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 236:116709. [PMID: 37479210 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Macroalgal biomass being rich in carbohydrates, proteins and lipids in their cell wall has been considered as the most efficient organic rich sources for biofuel (biohydrogen) production. In this study, Pluronic P-123-induced microwave pretreatment was applied to disintegrate the marine macroalgae biomass, Ulva reticulata. Microwave disintegration was done by varying the treatment time and microwave power from 0 to 40 min and 0.09 KW to 0.63 KW. A maximum chemical oxygen demand (COD) solubilization of 22.33% was achieved at a microwave power and time duration of 0.36 kW and 15 min. Chemical (Pluronic P-123, a mild surfactant) was combined with optimum microwave disintegration conditions to increase the solubilization efficiency and this combined pretreatment achieved a maximum COD solubilization of 31.02% at 10 min pretreatment time and 0.06 g per g TS of Pluronic P-123 dosage. The present study indicated that combination of surfactant with microwave pretreatment substantially improves the COD solubilization with reduced pretreatment -time than mono microwave pretreatment. An optimal hydrogen yield of 98.37 mL was achieved through this combined pretreatment. The biohydrogen data was modelled with Gompertz model and the kinetic parameters derived through this model implies that the calculated adjusted R squared values for all the samples lies between 0.95 and 0.99. This shows that the model fitted biohydrogen experimental values accurately. In addition, Pluronic P-123-induced microwave pretreatment was regarded as energy efficient and cost effective than microwave pretreatment alone with net energy production and a greater energy ratio of 504.38 kWh/Ton macroalgae and 1.2 when compared to microwave pretreatment alone (-2975.6 kWh/Ton macroalgae and 0.5).
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Affiliation(s)
- Arulazhagan Pugazhendi
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mamdoh T Jamal
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajesh Banu Jeyakumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Neelakudy, Thiruvarur, 610005, Tamil Nadu, India.
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2
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Banu JR, Kavitha S, Ravi YK, Tyagi VK, Kumar G. Combined sodium citrate and ultrasonic pretreatment of waste activated sludge for cost effective production of biogas. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 376:128857. [PMID: 36906239 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to pretreat the waste activated sludge (WAS) by ultrasonication in an energy efficient way by combining sodium citrate with ultrasonic pretreatment at 0.03 g/g suspended solids (SS) of dosage. The ultrasonic pretreatment was done at various (20-200 W) power levels, sludge concentration (7 to 30 g/L), sodium citrate dosages (0.01 to 0.2 g/g SS). An elevated COD solubilization of 26.07 ± 0.6 % was achieved by combined pretreatment at a treatment time of 10 min, ultrasonic power level of 160 W when compared to individual ultrasonic pretreatment (18.6 ± 0.5 %). A higher biomethane yield of 0.26 ± 0.009 L/g COD was achieved in sodium citrate combined ultrasonic pretreatment (SCUP) than ultrasonic pretreatment (UP) 0.145 ± 0.006 L/g COD. Almost 50% of the energy can be saved through SCUP when compared to UP. Future study evaluating SCUP in continuous mode anaerobic digestion is vital.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rajesh Banu
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Neelakudi, Thiruvarur, Tamil Nadu 610005, India
| | - S Kavitha
- Environ Core Research Laboratory, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Yukesh Kannah Ravi
- Department of Environmental and Sustainable Engineering, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, United States of America
| | - Vinay Kumar Tyagi
- Environmental Hydrology Division, National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Institute of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, Stavanger 4036, Norway.
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3
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Wang X, Jiang C, Wang H, Xu S, Zhuang X. Strategies for energy conversion from sludge to methane through pretreatment coupled anaerobic digestion: Potential energy loss or gain. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 330:117033. [PMID: 36603247 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.117033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) of wasted activated sludge from wastewater plants is recognized as an effective method to reclaim energy in the form of methane. AD performance has been enhanced by coupling various pretreatments that impact energy conversion from sludge. This paper mainly reviewed the development of pretreatments based on different technologies reported in recent years and evaluated their energy benefit. Significant increases in methane yield are generally obtained in AD with pretreatments demanding energy input, including thermal- and ultrasound-based methods. However, these energy-intense pretreatments usually gained negative energy benefit that the increase in methane yield consumed extra energy input. The unbalanced relationship counts against the goal of energy reclamation from sludge. Combined pretreatment consisting of multiple technologies normally outcompetes the single pretreatment, and the combination of energy-intense methods and chemicals potentially reduces energy input and simultaneously ensure high methane yield. For determining whether the energy reclamation from sludge via AD contribute to mitigating global warming, integrating greenhouse gas emission into the evaluation system of pretreated AD is further warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Cancan Jiang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Huacai Wang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; The Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Shengjun Xu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xuliang Zhuang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
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4
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Ravi YK, Zhang W, Liang Y. Effect of surfactant assisted ultrasonic pretreatment on production of volatile fatty acids from mixed food waste. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 368:128340. [PMID: 36400272 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the potential effect of surfactant assisted ultrasonic pretreatment on mixed food waste was investigated. Surfactants, such as Rhamnolipid, Sodium dodecyl sulfate; Glucopon and Triton X 100 were evaluated in this work. Among them, the maximum solubilization of chemical oxygen demand of 45.5 % and the highest release of soluble COD of 31 g/L were observed for ultrasonication assisted by Triton X 100 at a dose of 0.01 g/g TS in 30 min. The presence of a surfactant also reduced 27.5 % of energy demand when compared to ultrasonic pretreatment alone. Compared to the non-pretreated samples after anaerobic digestion, ultrasonication assisted by Triton X 100 led to 95 % increase of volatile fatty acid titers and 83 % increase of carbon conversion efficiency. Thus, sonication with the addition of Triton X 100 was proven to be highly effective toward increasing digestibility of and yield of volatile fatty acid from mixed food waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukesh Kannah Ravi
- Department of Environmental and Sustainable Engineering, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, USA.
| | - Weilan Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Sustainable Engineering, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - Yanna Liang
- Department of Environmental and Sustainable Engineering, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, USA
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Li C, Hao L, Xu M, Nuermaimaiti N, He H, Cao J, Fang F, Liu J. Revealing the microbial mechanism of Fe 0 and MnO 2 mediated microbial fuel cell-anaerobic digestion coupling system and its energy flow distribution. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136597. [PMID: 36167208 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microbial fuel cell-anaerobic digestion (MFC-AD) is a new sludge treatment technology with multi-path energy recovery. In this study, Fe0 and MnO2 with gradient concentration were added to investigate its effects on the sludge reduction, electrochemical performance, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of sludge, microbial community, electron distribution and energy flow of the MFC-AD system. Results showed that the highest sludge reduction 59% (49%), was obtained at 10 g/L Fe0 (5 g/L MnO2) adding and its total energy recovery efficiency increased by 100% (71%) compare to the control. Different Fe0 and MnO2 concentrations lead to different microbial mechanisms: at 10 g/L Fe0 or 5 g/L MnO2, it prefers to promote extracellular electrons transfer, favoring the Geobacter, Shewanella and Acinetobacter enrichment, while at 5 g/L Fe0 or 0.5 g/L MnO2 it plays a more important role in substrate metabolism of anaerobic digestion, with Clostridium, Roseomonas lacus, and Methylocystis enriched. Correspondingly, the electron quantity distribution from biomass to recovered energy ends (Current, CH4 and VFAs), was influenced by Fe0 and MnO2 concentration, indicating the controllability of the energy flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Liangshan Hao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Nuershalati Nuermaimaiti
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Hanyue He
- Jiangsu Yuzhi River Basin Management Technology Research Institute, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Jiashun Cao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Jingliang Liu
- School of Environmental Science, Nanjing XiaoZhuang University, Nanjing, 211171, PR China.
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Rajesh Banu J, Kavitha S, Yukesh Kannah R, Varjani S, Gunasekaran M. Mild hydrogen peroxide interceded bacterial disintegration of waste activated sludge for efficient biomethane production. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 817:152873. [PMID: 34998769 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Regardless of the issue of sludge management all over the world, the role of phase separated pretreatment prior to anaerobic digestion are more promising in terms of energy efficient biomethane production. However, the effect of phase separated pretreatment (dissociation of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) followed by biological pretreatment in a two-step process) must be sensibly evaluated from various perceptions to consolidate its effectiveness in sludge management and bioenergy recovery. In this study, mild hydrogen peroxide induced bacterial pretreatment (H2O2-BP) was employed as phase separated pretreatment to investigate the effectiveness of EPS dissociation prior to biological pretreatment on sludge solubilization and biomethanation. The novelty of this study is the application of mild dosage of hydrogen peroxide at sludge pH for the removal of EPS layer with lesser formation of recalcitrant substances which thereby enhances the disintegration by enzyme secreting bacterial and methane generation. The outcome confirmed that the higher EPS dissociation was achieved at H2O2 dosage of 8 μL per 100 mL of sludge with negligible cell lysis. An extractable EPS of 172.8 mg/L was obtained after H2O2 treatment. The higher sCOD solubilization of 22% and the suspended solid reduction of 17.14% were achieved in hydrogen peroxide followed by bacterial pretreatment (H2O2-BP) as compared to of bacterial pretreatment alone (BP) (solubilization-11% and suspended solids reduction-9.3%) and control (C) sludges (solubilization-5% and suspended solids reduction-4.3%). The methane generation for H2O2-BP sludge is 0.174 L/gCOD which is higher than BP (0.078 L/gCOD,) and C sludge (0.02175 L/gCOD). A higher biomass solubilization and increased biomethanation in H2O2-BP revealed that dissociation of EPS prior to bacterial pretreatment increases the surface area for bacterial pretreatment facilitating easier accessibility of substrate and enhanced biomethanation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rajesh Banu
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Neelakudi, Thiruvarur 610005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Kavitha
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University Regional Campus, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu 627007, India
| | - R Yukesh Kannah
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University Regional Campus, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu 627007, India; Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu 620015, India
| | - Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382010, India
| | - M Gunasekaran
- Department of Physics, Anna University Regional Campus, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu 627007, India.
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7
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Pugazhendi A, Jamal MT, Al-Mur BA, Jeyakumar RB, Kumar G. Macroalgae (Ulva reticulata) derived biohydrogen recovery through mild surfactant induced energy and cost efficient dispersion pretreatment technology. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132463. [PMID: 34619256 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Currently identification of alternate fuel is the key area of research under progress to overcome the depletion of fossil fuels, meet the domestic and industrial requirements. Generation of hydrogen, which is a clean fuel gas can solve various environmental related problems. Extensive research is being carried out to increase production of hydrogen through different substrates. This study aims to increase the production of hydrogen from Ulva reticulata (a macroalgal biomass). Initially, the biomass is pretreated mechanically with disperser and a biosurfactant, namely rhamnolipid in order to increase the solubilization of the biomass. The rate of COD liquefaction increased from 14% to 25% with the addition of biosurfactant to the macroalgal biomass, which is further treated mechanically using a disperser. The disperser rotor speed of 12,000 rpm and the specific energy input of 1175 kJ/kg TS (Total Solids) with the disintegration time of 30 min and biosurfactant dosage of 0.075 g/g TS were considered as the optimum parameters for the effective liquefaction of the macroalgal biomass. Approximately 3500 mg/L of the biopolymers were released after the combinative pretreatment (using disperser and biosurfactant). About 80 mL biohydrogen/g COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) was generated when the biomass was pretreated with both the disperser and biosurfactant while the biomass pretreated with the disperser alone generated just 30 mL biohydrogen/g COD and the untreated biomass generated 5 mL biohydrogen/g COD. Thus, it can be concluded that Ulva reticulata can be utilized effectively to generate biohydrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arulazhagan Pugazhendi
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mamdoh T Jamal
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bandar A Al-Mur
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajesh Banu Jeyakumar
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia; Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Neelakudy, Thiruvarur-610005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- Institute of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, Box 8600 Forus 4036, Stavanger, Norway
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8
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Jin B, Niu J, Wang L, Zhao J, Li Y, Pang L, Zhang M. Effect of sodium dichloroisocyanurate treatment on enhancing the biodegradability of waste-activated sludge anaerobic fermentation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 287:112353. [PMID: 33735677 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, a novel oxidant (sodium dichloroisocyanurate, NaCl2(NCO)3; SDIC) combined with microorganisms was employed to achieve a higher performance of waste-activated sludge (WAS) anaerobic fermentation. Four concentrations of SDIC (0, 0.3, 0.6, and 1.0 mg SDIC/mg SS) were studied in WAS fermentation systems. The results showed that the release of proteins and polysaccharides was enhanced by the addition of SDIC with values of 1002.25 mg COD/L and 680.25 mg COD/L, respectively, and these values increased 14.46-18.07 times (proteins) and 3.74-7.40 times (polysaccharides) compared with that of the blank test. Additionally, the short-chain fatty acids also increased 2.24 times. The rate of extraction of organic substances from the sludge increased from 3.03% to 33.33%. Furthermore, the fermented sludge with the SDIC treatment had higher hydrolytic acidification efficiencies for bovine serum albumin and glucose, increasing from 4.558% to 9.91% and 2.976%-6.764%, respectively. However, SDIC treatment of the conventional fermented sludge resulted in lower hydrolytic acidification efficiencies with values of 4.978%-1.781% and 3.334%-0.582%, respectively. Biological enzyme analysis also showed that SDIC enhanced α-glucosidase and protease activity but inhibited dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, and acid phosphatase activity. Proteobacteria and Comamonas were the main microbial communities observed in the WAS anaerobic fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baodan Jin
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Jintao Niu
- Henan Hengan Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jianguo Zhao
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yu Li
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Long Pang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China
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Zhang M, Gao D. Microwave-enhanced advanced oxidation process of biogas slurry from cow manure anaerobic digester. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 42:1846-1852. [PMID: 31621518 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2019.1682060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In order to improve the sedimentation performance of biogas slurry and reduce the COD, microwave-enhanced advanced oxidation process (MW/H2O2-AOP) was used to pretreat the cow manure biogas slurry. A laboratory-scale microwave reactor was used to strengthen the H2O2 advanced oxidation process to achieve the solid-liquid separation of biogas slurry which was difficult to be settled. The results showed that the maximum COD removal efficiency reached 68.8% when pH, H2O2/total solid, microwave time and microwave power were 3, 0.4, 5 min and 300 W, respectively. COD was reduced from 24,157 mg/L to 7536 mg/L, and the settlings volume was reduced to 38%, while other pollutants such as the total solid and total dissolved solid were significantly reduced. Total solid and total dissolved solid removal efficiency reached 50.0% and 62.0%, respectively. Since no other agents were added, MW/H2O2-AOP can effectively reduce secondary pollution and reduce the cost of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Dawen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, People's Republic of China
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Yukesh Kannah R, Merrylin J, Poornima Devi T, Kavitha S, Sivashanmugam P, Kumar G, Rajesh Banu J. Food waste valorization: Biofuels and value added product recovery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2020.100524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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11
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Rajesh Banu J, Yukesh Kannah R, Kavitha S, Ashikvivek A, Bhosale RR, Kumar G. Cost effective biomethanation via surfactant coupled ultrasonic liquefaction of mixed microalgal biomass harvested from open raceway pond. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 304:123021. [PMID: 32086031 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to enhance the biomethanation potential of mixed microalgae via cost effective surfactant coupled ultrasonic homogenization (SCUH). Mixed microalgae biomass was harvested using a coagulant (Alum) from a raceway pond. The harvested algal biomass was subjected to ultrasonic homogenization (UH) by varying the power from 100 to 180 W. A maximal soluble organic release of 2131 mg/L was achieved at an ultrasonic input energy (UIE) of 25200 kJ/kg TS. In order to enhance soluble organic release and to reduce energy spent, the optimized condition of ultrasonic pretreatment was coupled with varying sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) dosage. A higher solubilization of 30.5% was achieved at a UIE of 4200 kJ/kg SS with surfactant dosage of 0.02 g SDS/g SS for SCUH. SCUH showed higher methane production of 358 mL/g COD when compared to UH (185.9 mL/g COD), SCUH was economically feasible than UH.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rajesh Banu
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Neelakudi, Thiruvarur, Tamil Nadu 610005, India; Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University Regional Campus Tirunelveli, India
| | - R Yukesh Kannah
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University Regional Campus Tirunelveli, India
| | - S Kavitha
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University Regional Campus Tirunelveli, India
| | - A Ashikvivek
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University Regional Campus Tirunelveli, India
| | - Rahul R Bhosale
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box - 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- Green Processing, Bioremediation and Alternative Energies Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
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12
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Kang KH, Kim J, Jeon H, Byun I. Energy efficient sludge solubilization by microwave irradiation under carbon nanotube (CNT)-coated condition. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 259:110089. [PMID: 31929033 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microwaves (MW) have great potential for sludge solubilization, and carbon materials can act as good microwave absorbers and heat transfer media because of their high dielectric loss tangent and thermal conductivity. In this study, carbon nanotube-coated MW vessels were developed by preparing a silane-CNT mixture and spray coating. In addition, sludge solubilization by microwave irradiation was performed to evaluate the effects of the CNT-coating at different initial total suspended solid (TSS) concentrations, target temperatures, and MW irradiation times in the uncoated and CNT-coated MW vessels. The sludge solubilization efficiency increased with increasing MW irradiation time and temperature and followed a first-order reaction in both vessels. However, the energy requirement to maintain the temperature was reduced in the CNT-coated MW vessel compared to the uncoated vessel. In addition, the Arrhenius equation revealed the catalytic site in the CNT-coated MW vessel to have a temperature of around 130 °C at an average sludge temperature of 100 °C. The maximum chemical oxygen demand (COD) solubilization and soluble COD (sCOD) increase per MW energy used were 1.64 and 1.67 times higher in the CNT-coated MW vessel than in the uncoated vessel, respectively. The increase in soluble total nitrogen and phosphorus in the CNT-coated MW vessel was attributed to cell wall destruction and intracellular protoplast dissolution, because of the acceleration of the MW thermal effect and high conductivity of CNTs, as well as the MW-induced cell wall and membrane disruption by hot spots on the CNT surface. This suggests that CNTs can be applied to increase the energy efficiency in MW-based pretreatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong Hwan Kang
- Institute for Environment and Energy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, South Korea.
| | - Junghyeon Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, South Korea.
| | - Hyeonjin Jeon
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, South Korea.
| | - Imgyu Byun
- Institute for Environment and Energy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, South Korea.
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13
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Dinesh Kumar M, Yukesh Kannah R, Kumar G, Sivashanmugam P, Rajesh Banu J. A novel energetically efficient combinative microwave pretreatment for achieving profitable hydrogen production from marine macro algae (Ulva reticulate). BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 301:122759. [PMID: 31954972 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to enhance the hydrogen (H2) production from marine macro algae (Ulva Reticulate) by microwave combined with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) under alkaline condition. Microwave (domestic type) (M) pretreatment of algal biomass at its optimal power (40%) resulted in 27.9% COD solubilization at 15 min time interval. When this optimal microwave power was combined with H2O2 (MH) an increment in COD solubilization was achieved at 24 mg H2O2/g macroalgae dosage. Under alkaline condition (pH 7-12), microwave and H2O2 combination (MHA) yielded better result than MH. At optimal alkaline condition (pH 10), MHA pretreatment shows a COD solubilization of 34%. Microwave in alkaline condition induces decomposition of H2O2 and more OH radical synthesis. This synergistically promotes solubilization. The MHA process considerably diminish time and specific energy required for biomass disintegration. Among the samples, highest H2 yield of 87.5 mL H2/g COD was observed for MHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dinesh Kumar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University Regional Campus, Tirunelveli, India
| | - R Yukesh Kannah
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University Regional Campus, Tirunelveli, India
| | - Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- Institute of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - P Sivashanmugam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - J Rajesh Banu
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University Regional Campus, Tirunelveli, India.
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14
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Rajesh Banu J, Kavitha S, Yukesh Kannah R, Dinesh Kumar M, Atabani AE, Kumar G. Biorefinery of spent coffee grounds waste: Viable pathway towards circular bioeconomy. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 302:122821. [PMID: 32008862 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The circular bioeconomy plan is an innovative research based scheme intended for augmenting the complete utilization and management of bio-based resources in a sustainable biorefinery route. Spent coffee grounds based biorefinery is the emerging aspect promoting circular bioeconomy. The sustainable circular bioeconomy by utilizing SCG is achieved by cascade approaches and the inclusion of many biorefinery approaches to obtain many bio-products. The maximum energy recovery can be obtained by process integration. The economic analysis of the biofuel production from SCG is dependent on the cost of raw material, transportation, the need of labor and energy, oil extraction operations and biofuel production. The inclusion of new products from already established product can minimize the investment cost when related to the production cost. A positive net present value can be achieved via SCG biorefinery which indicates the profitability of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rajesh Banu
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University Regional Campus, Tirunelveli, India
| | - S Kavitha
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University Regional Campus, Tirunelveli, India
| | - R Yukesh Kannah
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University Regional Campus, Tirunelveli, India
| | - M Dinesh Kumar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University Regional Campus, Tirunelveli, India
| | - A E Atabani
- Alternative Fuels Research Laboratory (AFRL), Energy Division, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- Green Processing, Bioremediation and Alternative Energies Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
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15
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Fei X, Chen T, Jia W, Shan Q, Hei D, Ling Y, Feng J, Feng H. Enhancement effect of ionizing radiation pretreatment on biogas production from anaerobic fermentation of food waste. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2019.108534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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16
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Sethupathy A, Arunagiri A, Sivashanmugam P, Banu JR, Ashokkumar M. Disperser coupled rhamnolipid disintegration of pulp and paper mill waste biosolid: Characterisation, methane production, energy assessment and cost analysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 297:122545. [PMID: 31830717 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the disintegration potential of disperser coupled rhamnolipid (RLD) was investigated on pulp and paper mill secondary sedimentation tank (PPST) sludge. Initially, RLD dosage and pH were optimized for liquefied organic content release. Maximal of liquefied organic content release of 2158 mg/L was attained at an optimized RLD dosage (0.009 g/g TS (Total solids), pH 10). To augment liquefaction of PPST sludge further, disperser and disperser coupled RLD methods were carried out. Disperser coupled RLD method has achieved maximal liquefaction rate (27%) and total suspended solids (TSS) reduction (20%) at 5128 kJ/kg TS when compared to disperser method. Subsequently, methane assay was performed in which disperser coupled RLD method yielded higher methane production of 295 mL/g VS (Volatile solids). Then, cost analysis was performed in which disperser coupled RLD method achieved a net profit of 134 $/ ton of PPST sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sethupathy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620015, India
| | - A Arunagiri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620015, India
| | - P Sivashanmugam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620015, India.
| | - J Rajesh Banu
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University Regional Campus, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
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17
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Kavitha S, Schikaran M, Yukesh Kannah R, Gunasekaran M, Kumar G, Rajesh Banu J. Nanoparticle induced biological disintegration: A new phase separated pretreatment strategy on microalgal biomass for profitable biomethane recovery. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 289:121624. [PMID: 31203180 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study involves the application of new phase separated biological pretreatment (PSBP) strategy on microalgal biomass using the nickel nanoparticle induced cellulase secreting bacterial disintegration. Particularly, interest was focussed on cell wall weakening (CWW) of microalgae biomass besides the cell disintegration (CD) and release of organics. During CWW, protein, carbohydrate, cellulose, hemicellulose and DNA were used as evaluation indexes. Similarly, during CD, soluble chemical oxygen demand was used as evaluation index to assess the disintegration effect. A higher CWW was achieved at nickel nanoparticle (Np) dosage of 0.004 g/g SS. During CD, a clear demarcation in biomass solubilisation was achieved by PSBP (36%) than the sole biological pretreatment -BP (24%). The biomethanogenesis test results showed that enhanced methane production of 411 mL/g COD was achieved by PSBP than BP. Energy analysis showed that a higher net energy production of 6.467 GJ/d was achieved by PSBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kavitha
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University Regional Campus, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Schikaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Yukesh Kannah
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University Regional Campus, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Gunasekaran
- Department of Physics, Anna University Regional Campus, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- Institute of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, Box 8600 Forus, 4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - J Rajesh Banu
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University Regional Campus, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India.
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18
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Liu G, Li X, Ma L, Ma X, Chen H. Enhancement of excess sludge hydrolysis and decomposition by combined lysozyme and rhamnolipid pretreatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 289:121703. [PMID: 31271912 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Feasibility of combined lysozyme and rhamolipid (RL) pretreatment on the enhancement of excess sludge (ES) hydrolysis and decomposition was assessed in this study. Results showed lysozyme and RL combined treatment could significantly promote ES hydrolysis and decomposition, an additional 1196.9 mg/L soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD), 792.5 mg/L protein and 133.5 mg/L polysaccharide were released compared with the sum of sole RL and sole lysozyme treatment at the optimal RL dosage of 0.3 g/gSS and lysozyme dosage of 0.15 g/gSS after 8 h co-digestion. 45.3% bacteria and 84.5% archaea decomposition degree were gained under the combined treatment at the optimal RL dosage. Class Gammaproteobacteria and genus Methanothrix were the predominant bacteria and archaea with the relative abundance of 72.4% and 60.8%, respectively. After the combined pretreatment, ES was beneficial for volatile fatty acids accumulation and acetic acid dependent methane generating inferred from the results of microbial community composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaige Liu
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Xiangkun Li
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; School of Civil and Transportation, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China.
| | - Linli Ma
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Xiaochen Ma
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Hongying Chen
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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19
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Sharmila VG, Kumar SA, Banu JR, Yeom IT, Saratale GD. Feasibility analysis of homogenizer coupled solar photo Fenton process for waste activated sludge reduction. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 238:251-256. [PMID: 30852401 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an attempt has been made to reduce the sludge using novel homogenizer coupled solar photo Fenton (HPF) process. At an optimum pH of 3 and Fe2+ to H2O2 dosage of 1:6, PF process yielded 63.7% solids reduction at a time interval of 45 min. Coupling of homogenizers with photo Fenton (PF) process effectively enhanced treatment efficiency. When homogenizer (specific energy - 1150.694 kJ/kg TS) was coupled with PF, a sharp increase in solid reduction 73.5% and decrease in reaction time (20 min) were observed. Cost benefit analysis revealed the efficiency of HPF process and achieved a net cost of 15.59 USD whereas PF achieved a negative net cost of -82.69 USD. Based on the above study it can be concluded that coupling of homogenizers with PF not only increased its efficiency but also make it field applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Godvin Sharmila
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University Regional Campus-Tirunelveli, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, 627007, India
| | - S Adish Kumar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University Regional Campus-Tirunelveli, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, 627007, India
| | - J Rajesh Banu
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University Regional Campus-Tirunelveli, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, 627007, India.
| | - Ick Tae Yeom
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Ganesh Dattatraya Saratale
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
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20
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Li J, Liu W, Cai W, Wang B, Ajibade FO, Zhang Z, Tian X, Wang A. Applying rhamnolipid to enhance hydrolysis and acidogenesis of waste activated sludge: retarded methanogenic community evolution and methane production. RSC Adv 2019; 9:2034-2041. [PMID: 35516123 PMCID: PMC9059744 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08993k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, bio-surfactants, like rhamnolipid (RL), have been used as efficient pre-treatments to enhance the accumulation of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) from waste activated sludge (WAS). The current study found that SCFA accumulation occurred with evolutional variation in methanogen with RL (0.04 g RL g−1 TSS), resulting in a retarded methane production over a period of 20 days. However, a slow methane production was only detected before the 18th day, while the concentration of acetic acid (HAc) accumulated to a peak at 2616.94 ± 310.77 mg L−1 in the presence of RL, which was 2.58-fold higher than the control assay. During the retarded methane production, the concentration of dissolved hydrogen also increased to 49.27 ± 6.02 μmol L−1, in comparison with 22.45 μmol L−1 of control WAS without RL. According to the analysis of archaea communities induced by RL, hydrogenotrophic methanogens, like Methanobrevibacter, had been substantially promoted at the beginning of quick SCFA and hydrogen production, but their percentage decreased from 70% to 35% with time. Intrinsically, the growth of acetotrophic methanogens were postponed but they contributed most to the methane production in this research according to the correlation analysis. Recently, bio-surfactants, like rhamnolipid (RL), have been used as efficient pre-treatments to enhance the accumulation of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) from waste activated sludge (WAS).![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology
- Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100085
- China
| | - Wenzong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology
- Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100085
- China
| | - Weiwei Cai
- School of Civil Engineering
- Beijing Jiaotong University
- Beijing 100044
- China
| | - Bo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology
- Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100085
- China
| | - Fidelis Odedishemi Ajibade
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology
- Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100085
- China
| | - Zhaojing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology
- Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100085
- China
| | - Xiadi Tian
- Beijing Drainage Group Co. Ltd (BDG)
- Beijing
- China
| | - Aijie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology
- Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100085
- China
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