1
|
Song Y, Cao H, Zuo C, Gu Z, Huang Y, Miao J, Fu Y, Guo Y, Jiang Y, Wang F. Mitochondrial dysfunction: A fatal blow in depression. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115652. [PMID: 37801903 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria maintain the normal physiological function of nerve cells by producing sufficient cellular energy and performing crucial roles in maintaining the metabolic balance through intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, oxidative stress, and axonal development. Depression is a prevalent psychiatric disorder with an unclear pathophysiology. Damage to the hippocampal neurons is a key component of the plasticity regulation of synapses and plays a critical role in the mechanism of depression. There is evidence suggesting that mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with synaptic impairment. The maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis includes quantitative maintenance and quality control of mitochondria. Mitochondrial biogenesis produces new and healthy mitochondria, and mitochondrial dynamics cooperates with mitophagy to remove damaged mitochondria. These processes maintain mitochondrial population stability and exert neuroprotective effects against early depression. In contrast, mitochondrial dysfunction is observed in various brain regions of patients with major depressive disorders. The accumulation of defective mitochondria accelerates cellular nerve dysfunction. In addition, impaired mitochondria aggravate alterations in the brain microenvironment, promoting neuroinflammation and energy depletion, thereby exacerbating the development of depression. This review summarizes the influence of mitochondrial dysfunction and the underlying molecular pathways on the pathogenesis of depression. Additionally, we discuss the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis as a potential therapeutic strategy for depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Song
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Huan Cao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Chengchao Zuo
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Zhongya Gu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yaqi Huang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Jinfeng Miao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yufeng Fu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yongsheng Jiang
- Cancer Center of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei, China.
| | - Furong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging (HUST), Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu C, Wu Z, Wang L, Yang Q, Huang J, Huang J. A Mitophagy-Related Gene Signature for Subtype Identification and Prognosis Prediction of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012123. [PMID: 36292980 PMCID: PMC9603050 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer. In this study, the correlation between mitophagy and HCC prognosis was evaluated using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Clinical and transcriptomic data of HCC patients were downloaded from TCGA dataset, and mitophagy-related gene (MRG) datasets were obtained from the Molecular Signature Database. Then, a consensus clustering analysis was performed to classify the patients into two clusters. Furthermore, tumor prognosis, clinicopathological features, functional analysis, immune infiltration, immune checkpoint (IC)-related gene expression level, tumor stem cells, ferroptosis status, and N6-methyladenosine analysis were compared between the two clusters. Finally, a mitophagy-related signature was developed. Two clusters (C1 and C2) were identified using the consensus clustering analysis based on the MRG signature. Patients with the C1 subtype exhibited upregulated pathways with better liver function, downregulated cancer-related pathways, lower cancer stem cell scores, lower Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion scores (TIDE), different ferroptosis status, and better prognosis compared with the patients with the C2 subtype. The C2 subtype was characterized by the increased grade of HCC, as well as the increased number of immune-related pathways and m6A-related genes. Higher immune scores were also observed for the C2 subtype. A signature containing four MRGs (PGAM5, SQSTM1, ATG9A, and GABARAPL1) which can accurately predict the prognosis of HCC patients was then identified. This four-gene signature exhibited a predictive effect in five other cancer types, namely glioma, uveal melanoma, acute myeloid leukemia, adrenocortical carcinoma, and mesothelioma. The mitophagy-associated subtypes of HCC were closely related to the immune microenvironment, immune checkpoint-related gene expression, cancer stem cells, ferroptosis status, m6A, prognosis, and HCC progression. The established MRG signature could predict prognosis in patients with HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Institute of Geriatric Cardiovascular Disease, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610083, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Institute of Geriatric Cardiovascular Disease, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610083, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Institute of Geriatric Cardiovascular Disease, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610083, China
| | - Ji Huang
- Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, International Joint Laboratory for Arteriosclerotic Disease Research of Hunan Province, Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421009, China
| | - Jichang Huang
- Institute of Geriatric Cardiovascular Disease, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610083, China
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yao L, Liang X, Qiao Y, Chen B, Wang P, Liu Z. Mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic tubulopathy. Metabolism 2022; 131:155195. [PMID: 35358497 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a devastating microvascular complication associated with diabetes mellitus. Recently, the major focus of glomerular lesions of DKD has partly shifted to diabetic tubulopathy because of renal insufficiency and prognosis of patients is closely related to tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis. Indeed, the proximal tubule enriching in mitochondria for its high energy demand and dependence on aerobic metabolism has given us pause to focus primarily on the mitochondria-centric view of early diabetic tubulopathy. Multiple studies suggest that diabetes condition directly damages renal tubules, resulting in mitochondria dysfunction, including decreased bioenergetics, overproduction of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROSs), defective mitophagy and dynamics disturbances, which in turn trigger a series of metabolic abnormalities. However, the precise mechanism underlying mitochondrial dysfunction of renal tubules is still in its infancy. Understanding tubulointerstitial's pathobiology would facilitate the search for new biomarkers of DKD. In this Review, we summarize the current literature and postulate that the potential effects of mitochondrial dysfunction may accelerate initiation of early-stage diabetic tubulopathy, as well as their potential therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Yao
- Blood Purification Center & Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Xianhui Liang
- Blood Purification Center & Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yingjin Qiao
- Blood Purification Center & Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Bohan Chen
- Blood Purification Center & Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Pei Wang
- Blood Purification Center & Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Zhangsuo Liu
- Blood Purification Center & Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sun X, Shu Y, Ye G, Wu C, Xu M, Gao R, Huang D, Zhang J. Histone deacetylase inhibitors inhibit cervical cancer growth through Parkin acetylation-mediated mitophagy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:838-852. [PMID: 35256949 PMCID: PMC8897022 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkin, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, plays a role in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis through targeting damaged mitochondria for mitophagy. Accumulating evidence suggests that the acetylation modification of the key mitophagy machinery influences mitophagy level, but the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. Here, our study demonstrated that inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC) by treatment of HDACis activates mitophagy through mediating Parkin acetylation, leading to inhibition of cervical cancer cell proliferation. Bioinformatics analysis shows that Parkin expression is inversely correlated with HDAC2 expression in human cervical cancer, indicating the low acetylation level of Parkin. Using mass spectrometry, Parkin is identified to interact with two upstream molecules, acetylase acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT1) and deacetylase HDAC2. Under treatment of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), Parkin is acetylated at lysine residues 129, 220 and 349, located in different domains of Parkin protein. In in vitro experiments, combined mutation of Parkin largely attenuate the interaction of Parkin with PTEN induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) and the function of Parkin in mitophagy induction and tumor suppression. In tumor xenografts, the expression of mutant Parkin impairs the tumor suppressive effect of Parkin and decreases the anticancer activity of SAHA. Our results reveal an acetylation-dependent regulatory mechanism governing Parkin in mitophagy and cervical carcinogenesis, which offers a new mitophagy modulation strategy for cancer therapy.
Collapse
Key Words
- ACAT1
- ACAT1, acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 1
- Acetylation
- CCK-8, cell counting kit-8
- COXⅣ, cytochrome c oxidase Ⅳ
- Cervical cancer
- GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
- HDAC, histone deacetylase
- HDAC2
- HIF-1α, hypoxia inducible factor-1α
- HSP60, heat shock protein 60 kDa
- LC3, microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3
- MFN2, mitofusion 2
- MS, mass spectrometry
- Mitophagy
- PARK2, Parkin
- PINK1, PTEN induced putative kinase 1
- Parkin
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SAHA, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid
- TIM23, translocase of the inner membrane 23
- TOMM20, translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 20
- TSA, trichostatin A
- Tumor suppression
- ULK1, unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1
- Ubiquitination
- VDAC1, voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Sun
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Center of Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yuhan Shu
- College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China
| | - Guiqin Ye
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Caixia Wu
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Mengting Xu
- College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China
| | - Ruilan Gao
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Dongsheng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Jianbin Zhang
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Corresponding authors.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang H, Han B, Han X, Zhu Y, Liu H, Wang Z, Cui Y, Tian R, Gao Z, Tian R, Ren S, Zuo X, Tian J, Zhang F, Niu R. Comprehensive Analysis of Splicing Factor and Alternative Splicing Event to Construct Subtype-Specific Prognosis-Predicting Models for Breast Cancer. Front Genet 2021; 12:736423. [PMID: 34630526 PMCID: PMC8497829 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.736423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that splicing factors (SFs) and alternative splicing (AS) play important roles in cancer progression. We constructed four SF-risk-models using 12 survival-related SFs. In Luminal-A, Luminal-B, Her-2, and Basal-Like BRCA, SF-risk-models for three genes (PAXBP1, NKAP, and NCBP2), four genes (RBM15B, PNN, ACIN1, and SRSF8), three genes (LSM3, SNRNP200, and SNU13), and three genes (SRPK3, PUF60, and PNN) were constructed. These models have a promising prognosis-predicting power. The co-expression and protein-protein interaction analysis suggest that the 12 SFs are highly functional-connected. Pathway analysis and gene set enrichment analysis suggests that the functional role of the selected 12 SFs is highly context-dependent among different BRCA subtypes. We further constructed four AS-risk-models with good prognosis predicting ability in four BRCA subtypes by integrating the four SF-risk-models and 21 survival-related AS-events. This study proposed that SFs and ASs were potential multidimensional biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of BRCA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- He Zhang
- Public Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Baoai Han
- Public Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Xingxing Han
- Public Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuying Zhu
- Public Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Public Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Public Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanfen Cui
- Public Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Ran Tian
- Public Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Zicong Gao
- Public Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruinan Tian
- Public Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Sixin Ren
- Public Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zuo
- Public Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianfei Tian
- Public Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Public Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruifang Niu
- Public Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dai K, Radin DP, Leonardi D. Deciphering the dual role and prognostic potential of PINK1 across cancer types. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:659-665. [PMID: 33063717 PMCID: PMC8067949 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.295314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic rewiring and deregulation of the cell cycle are hallmarks shared by many cancers. Concerted mutations in key tumor suppressor genes, such as PTEN, and oncogenes predispose cancer cells for marked utilization of resources to fuel accelerated cell proliferation and chemotherapeutic resistance. Mounting research has demonstrated that PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) acts as a pivotal regulator of mitochondrial homeostasis in several cancer types, a function that also extends to the regulation of tumor cell proliferative capacity. In addition, involvement of PINK1 in modulating inflammatory responses has been highlighted by recent studies, further expounding PINK1's multifunctional nature. This review discusses the oncogenic roles of PINK1 in multiple tumor cell types, with an emphasis on maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis, while also evaluating literature suggesting a dual oncolytic mechanism based on PINK1's modulation of the Warburg effect. From a clinical standpoint, its expression may also dictate the response to genotoxic stressors commonly used to treat multiple malignancies. By detailing the evidence suggesting that PINK1 possesses distinct prognostic value in the clinical setting and reviewing the duality of PINK1 function in a context-dependent manner, we present avenues for future studies of this dynamic protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Dai
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Daniel P. Radin
- Department of Pharmacology, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Daskalakis K, Alexandraki KI, Kloukina I, Kassi E, Felekouras E, Xingi E, Pagakis SN, Tsolakis AV, Andreakos E, Kaltsas G, Kambas K. Increased autophagy/mitophagy levels in primary tumours of patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms. Endocrine 2020; 68:438-447. [PMID: 32114655 PMCID: PMC7266843 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-020-02228-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS We assessed the levels of autophagy and mitophagy, that are linked to cancer development and drug resistance, in well differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PanNENs) and correlated them with clinico-pathological parameters. METHODS Fluorescent immunostaining for the autophagy markers LC3Β and p62/or LAMP1 was performed on 22 PanNENs and 11 controls of normal pancreatic tissues and validated through Western blotting. Autophagy quantitative scoring was generated for LC3B-positive puncta and analysed in relation to clinico-pathological parameters. TOMM20/LC3B qualitative assessment of mitophagy levels was undertaken by fluorescent immunostaining. The presence of autophagy/mitophagy was validated by transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS Autophagy levels (LC3B-positive puncta/cell) were discriminative for normal vs. NEN pancreatic tissue (p = 0.007). A significant association was observed between autophagy levels and tumour grade (Ki67 < 3% vs. Ki67 ≥ 3%; p = 0.021), but not functionality (p = 0.266) size (cut-off of 20 mm; p = 0.808), local invasion (p = 0.481), lymph node- (p = 0.849) and distant metastases (p = 0.699). Qualitative assessment of TOMM20/LC3B demonstrated strong mitophagy levels in PanNENs by fluorescent immunostaining as compared with normal tissue. Transmission electron microscopy revealed enhanced autophagy and mitophagy in PanNEN tissue. Response to molecular targeted therapies in metastatic cases (n = 4) did not reveal any patterns of association to autophagy levels. CONCLUSIONS Increased autophagy levels are present in primary tumours of patients with PanNENs and are partially attributed to upregulated mitophagy. Grade was the only clinico-pathological parameter associated with autophagy scores.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kosmas Daskalakis
- 1st Department of Propaupedic Internal Medicine, Endocrine Oncology Unit, Laiko Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
| | - Krystallenia I Alexandraki
- 1st Department of Propaupedic Internal Medicine, Endocrine Oncology Unit, Laiko Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ismini Kloukina
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Evanthia Kassi
- 1st Department of Propaupedic Internal Medicine, Endocrine Oncology Unit, Laiko Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Felekouras
- First Department of Surgery, Laikon General Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Xingi
- Microscopy Unit, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Vas. Sofias 127, Athens, 11521, Greece
| | - Stamatis N Pagakis
- Biological Imaging Unit, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, 11527, Greece
| | - Apostolos V Tsolakis
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Solna R8:04, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
| | - Evangelos Andreakos
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Gregory Kaltsas
- 1st Department of Propaupedic Internal Medicine, Endocrine Oncology Unit, Laiko Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Kambas
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of Immunology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bednarczyk M, Zmarzły N, Grabarek B, Mazurek U, Muc-Wierzgoń M. Genes involved in the regulation of different types of autophagy and their participation in cancer pathogenesis. Oncotarget 2018; 9:34413-34428. [PMID: 30344951 PMCID: PMC6188136 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a highly conserved mechanism of self-digestion that removes damaged organelles and proteins from cells. Depending on the way the protein is delivered to the lysosome, four basic types of autophagy can be distinguished: macroautophagy, selective autophagy, chaperone-mediated autophagy and microautophagy. Macroautophagy involves formation of autophagosomes and is controlled by specific autophagy-related genes. The steps in macroautophagy are initiation, phagophore elongation, autophagosome maturation, autophagosome fusion with the lysosome, and proteolytic degradation of the contents. Selective autophagy is macroautophagy of a specific cellular component. This work focuses on mitophagy (selective autophagy of abnormal and damaged mitochondria), in which the main participating protein is PINK1 (phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced putative kinase 1). In chaperone-mediated autophagy, the substrate is bound to a heat shock protein 70 chaperone before it is delivered to the lysosome. The least characterized type of autophagy is microautophagy, which is the degradation of very small molecules without participation of an autophagosome. Autophagy can promote or inhibit tumor development, depending on the severity of the disease, the type of cancer, and the age of the patient. This paper describes the molecular basis of the different types of autophagy and their importance in cancer pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Bednarczyk
- Department of Internal Diseases, School of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40–055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Nikola Zmarzły
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy with The Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40–055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Beniamin Grabarek
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy with The Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40–055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Urszula Mazurek
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy with The Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40–055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Muc-Wierzgoń
- Department of Internal Diseases, School of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40–055 Katowice, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fernandes LM, Al-Dwairi A, Simmen RCM, Marji M, Brown DM, Jewell SW, Simmen FA. Malic Enzyme 1 (ME1) is pro-oncogenic in Apc Min/+ mice. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14268. [PMID: 30250042 PMCID: PMC6155149 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32532-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytosolic Malic Enzyme (ME1) provides reduced NADP for anabolism and maintenance of redox status. To examine the role of ME1 in tumor genesis of the gastrointestinal tract, we crossed mice having augmented intestinal epithelial expression of ME1 (ME1-Tg mice) with ApcMin/+ mice to obtain male ApcMin/+/ME1-Tg mice. ME1 protein levels were significantly greater within gut epithelium and adenomas of male ApcMin/+/ME1-Tg than ApcMin/+ mice. Male ApcMin/+/ME1-Tg mice had larger and greater numbers of adenomas in the small intestine (jejunum and ileum) than male ApcMin/+ mice. Male ApcMin/+/ME1-Tg mice exhibited greater small intestine crypt depth and villus length in non-adenoma regions, correspondent with increased KLF9 protein abundance in crypts and lamina propria. Small intestines of male ApcMin/+/ME1-Tg mice also had enhanced levels of Sp5 mRNA, suggesting Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation. A small molecule inhibitor of ME1 suppressed growth of human CRC cells in vitro, but had little effect on normal rat intestinal epithelial cells. Targeting of ME1 may add to the armentarium of therapies for cancers of the gastrointestinal tract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo M Fernandes
- Interdisciplinary Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Ahmed Al-Dwairi
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Rosalia C M Simmen
- Interdisciplinary Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
- The Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Meera Marji
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Dustin M Brown
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Sarah W Jewell
- The Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Frank A Simmen
- Interdisciplinary Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA.
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA.
- The Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
D'Arena G, Seneca E, Migliaccio I, De Feo V, Giudice A, La Rocca F, Capunzo M, Calapai G, Festa A, Caraglia M, Musto P, Iorio EL, Ruggieri V. Oxidative stress in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: still a matter of debate. Leuk Lymphoma 2018; 60:867-875. [PMID: 30234409 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2018.1509317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There is a large body of evidence showing a strong correlation between carcinogenesis of several types of human tumors, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and oxidative stress (OS). The mechanisms by which OS may promote cancer pathogenesis have not been completely deciphered yet and, in CLL, as in other neoplasms, whether OS is a primary cause or simply a downstream effect of the disease is still an open question. It has been demonstrated that, in CLL, OS concomitantly results from increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mainly ascribable to CLL cells mitochondrial activity, and impaired antioxidant defenses. Interestingly, OS evaluation in CLL patients, at diagnosis, seems to have a prognostic significance, thus getting new insights in the biological comprehension of the disease with potential therapeutic implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni D'Arena
- a Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit , IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture , Italy
| | - Elisa Seneca
- a Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit , IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture , Italy
| | - Ilaria Migliaccio
- a Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit , IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture , Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Feo
- b Pharmacology Department , University of Salerno , Salerno , Italy
| | - Aldo Giudice
- c Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale , Napoli , Italy
| | - Francesco La Rocca
- d Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research , IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata , Rionero in Vulture , Italy
| | - Mario Capunzo
- e Department of Medicine and Surgery , University of Salerno , Salerno , Italy
| | - Gioacchino Calapai
- f Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Sciences , University of Messina , Messina , Italy
| | - Agostino Festa
- g Department of Biochimics, Biophysics and General Pathology , University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" , Naples , Italy
| | - Michele Caraglia
- g Department of Biochimics, Biophysics and General Pathology , University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" , Naples , Italy
| | - Pellegrino Musto
- h Scientific Direction, IRCCS-CROB , Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture , Italy
| | | | - Vitalba Ruggieri
- d Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research , IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata , Rionero in Vulture , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cristofani R, Montagnani Marelli M, Cicardi ME, Fontana F, Marzagalli M, Limonta P, Poletti A, Moretti RM. Dual role of autophagy on docetaxel-sensitivity in prostate cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:889. [PMID: 30166521 PMCID: PMC6117300 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0866-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the leading causes of death in males. Available treatments often lead to the appearance of chemoresistant foci and metastases, with mechanisms still partially unknown. Within tumour mass, autophagy may promote cell survival by enhancing cancer cells tolerability to different cell stresses, like hypoxia, starvation or those triggered by chemotherapic agents. Because of its connection with the apoptotic pathways, autophagy has been differentially implicated, either as prodeath or prosurvival factor, in the appearance of more aggressive tumours. Here, in three PC cells (LNCaP, PC3, and DU145), we tested how different autophagy inducers modulate docetaxel-induced apoptosis. We selected the mTOR-independent disaccharide trehalose and the mTOR-dependent macrolide lactone rapamycin autophagy inducers. In castration-resistant PC (CRPC) PC3 cells, trehalose specifically prevented intrinsic apoptosis in docetaxel-treated cells. Trehalose reduced the release of cytochrome c triggered by docetaxel and the formation of aberrant mitochondria, possibly by enhancing the turnover of damaged mitochondria via autophagy (mitophagy). In fact, trehalose increased LC3 and p62 expression, LC3-II and p62 (p62 bodies) accumulation and the induction of LC3 puncta. In docetaxel-treated cells, trehalose, but not rapamycin, determined a perinuclear mitochondrial aggregation (mito-aggresomes), and mitochondria specifically colocalized with LC3 and p62-positive autophagosomes. In PC3 cells, rapamycin retained its ability to activate autophagy without evidences of mitophagy even in presence of docetaxel. Interestingly, these results were replicated in LNCaP cells, whereas trehalose and rapamycin did not modify the response to docetaxel in the ATG5-deficient (autophagy resistant) DU145 cells. Therefore, autophagy is involved to alter the response to chemotherapy in combination therapies and the response may be influenced by the different autophagic pathways utilized and by the type of cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Cristofani
- Department of Excellence: Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Marina Montagnani Marelli
- Department of Excellence: Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Elena Cicardi
- Department of Excellence: Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Fontana
- Department of Excellence: Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Monica Marzagalli
- Department of Excellence: Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Patrizia Limonta
- Department of Excellence: Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Angelo Poletti
- Department of Excellence: Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
| | - Roberta Manuela Moretti
- Department of Excellence: Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tran AN, Walker K, Harrison DG, Chen W, Mobley J, Hocevar L, Hackney JR, Sedaka RS, Pollock JS, Goldberg MS, Hambardzumyan D, Cooper SJ, Gillespie Y, Hjelmeland AB. Reactive species balance via GTP cyclohydrolase I regulates glioblastoma growth and tumor initiating cell maintenance. Neuro Oncol 2018; 20:1055-1067. [PMID: 29409010 PMCID: PMC6280150 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noy012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Depending on the level, differentiation state, and tumor stage, reactive nitrogen and oxygen species inhibit or increase cancer growth and tumor initiating cell maintenance. The rate-limiting enzyme in a pathway that can regulate reactive species production but has not been thoroughly investigated in glioblastoma (GBM; grade IV astrocytoma) is guanosine triphosphate (GTP) cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH1). We sought to define the role of GCH1 in the regulation of GBM growth and brain tumor initiating cell (BTIC) maintenance. Methods We examined GCH1 mRNA and protein expression in patient-derived xenografts, clinical samples, and glioma gene expression datasets. GCH1 levels were modulated using lentiviral expression systems, and effects on cell growth, self-renewal, reactive species production, and survival in orthotopic patient-derived xenograft models were determined. Results GCH1 was expressed in GBMs with elevated but not exclusive RNA and protein levels in BTICs in comparison to non-BTICs. Overexpression of GCH1 in GBM cells increased cell growth in vitro and decreased survival in an intracranial GBM mouse model. In converse experiments, GCH1 knockdown with short hairpin RNA led to GBM cell growth inhibition and reduced self-renewal in association with decreased CD44 expression. GCH1 was critical for controlling reactive species balance, including suppressing reactive oxygen species production, which mediated GCH1 cell growth effects. In silico analyses demonstrated that higher GCH1 levels in glioma patients correlate with higher glioma grade, recurrence, and worse survival. Conclusions GCH1 expression in established GBMs is pro-tumorigenic, causing increased growth due, in part, to promotion of BTIC maintenance and suppression of reactive oxygen species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anh Nhat Tran
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Kiera Walker
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - David G Harrison
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Wei Chen
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - James Mobley
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Lauren Hocevar
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - James R Hackney
- Division of Neuropathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Randee S Sedaka
- Division of Nephrology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Jennifer S Pollock
- Division of Nephrology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Matthew S Goldberg
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | | | - Sara J Cooper
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama
| | - Yancey Gillespie
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Anita B Hjelmeland
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhang J, Culp ML, Craver JG, Darley-Usmar V. Mitochondrial function and autophagy: integrating proteotoxic, redox, and metabolic stress in Parkinson's disease. J Neurochem 2018; 144:691-709. [PMID: 29341130 PMCID: PMC5897151 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a movement disorder with widespread neurodegeneration in the brain. Significant oxidative, reductive, metabolic, and proteotoxic alterations have been observed in PD postmortem brains. The alterations of mitochondrial function resulting in decreased bioenergetic health is important and needs to be further examined to help develop biomarkers for PD severity and prognosis. It is now becoming clear that multiple hits on metabolic and signaling pathways are likely to exacerbate PD pathogenesis. Indeed, data obtained from genetic and genome association studies have implicated interactive contributions of genes controlling protein quality control and metabolism. For example, loss of key proteins that are responsible for clearance of dysfunctional mitochondria through a process called mitophagy has been found to cause PD, and a significant proportion of genes associated with PD encode proteins involved in the autophagy-lysosomal pathway. In this review, we highlight the evidence for the targeting of mitochondria by proteotoxic, redox and metabolic stress, and the role autophagic surveillance in maintenance of mitochondrial quality. Furthermore, we summarize the role of α-synuclein, leucine-rich repeat kinase 2, and tau in modulating mitochondrial function and autophagy. Among the stressors that can overwhelm the mitochondrial quality control mechanisms, we will discuss 4-hydroxynonenal and nitric oxide. The impact of autophagy is context depend and as such can have both beneficial and detrimental effects. Furthermore, we highlight the potential of targeting mitochondria and autophagic function as an integrated therapeutic strategy and the emerging contribution of the microbiome to PD susceptibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Zhang
- Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Birmingham VA Medical Center
| | - M Lillian Culp
- Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Jason G Craver
- Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Victor Darley-Usmar
- Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Prognostic and diagnostic potential of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:86148-86160. [PMID: 27863386 PMCID: PMC5349903 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the pattern of expression and clinical significance of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1(IDH1) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The IDH1 expression was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot analysis using 38 pairs of frozen tissues. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to measure 67 pairs of serum samples from patients and their controls to evaluate its diagnostic value. Immunohistochemistry analysis of 111 formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue samples was conducted for explaining its prognostic value. After shRNA transfection, CCK8 and clonal efficiency assays were carried on for verifying the function of IDH1 in vitro. Increased expression at mRNA (P < 0.001) and protein levels (immunohistochemistry: P < 0.001, Western blot analysis: P < 0.001) were observed. Similarly, the IDH1 expression in serum from patients with ESCC was significantly upregulated relative to that from healthy controls (P < 0.001). Kaplan–Meier curve indicated that IDH1 upregulation predicted worse overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Univariate and multivariate analyses identified IDH1 expression as an independent prognostic factor for OS and PFS. Furthermore, OD450 values and colony numbers were decreased in sh-IDH1 groups (all P < 0.05). In conclusion, IDH1 is upregulated in patients with ESCC and can be used as a good potential biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis.
Collapse
|
15
|
Abdel-Aziz AK, Abdel-Naim AB, Shouman S, Minucci S, Elgendy M. From Resistance to Sensitivity: Insights and Implications of Biphasic Modulation of Autophagy by Sunitinib. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:718. [PMID: 29066973 PMCID: PMC5641351 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sunitinib, a multityrosine kinase inhibitor, is currently the standard first-line therapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) and is also used in treating patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine and imatinib-resistant gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). Nevertheless, most patients eventually relapse secondary to intrinsic or acquired sunitinib resistance. Autophagy has been reported to contribute to both chemo-sensitivity and -resistance. However, over the last few years, controversial regulatory effects of sunitinib on autophagy have been reported. Since gaining insights into the underlying molecular insights and clinical implications is indispensible for achieving optimum therapeutic response, this minireview article sheds light on the role of a network of prosurvival signaling pathways recently identified as key mediators of sunitinib resistance with established and emerging functions as autophagy regulators. Furthermore, we underscore putative prognostic biomarkers of sunitinib responsiveness that could guide clinicians toward patient stratification and more individualized therapy. Importantly, innovative therapeutic strategies/approaches to overcome sunitinib resistance both evaluated in preclinical studies and perspective clinical trials are discussed which could ultimately be translated to better clinical outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amal Kamal Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ashraf B. Abdel-Naim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samia Shouman
- Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Saverio Minucci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Mohamed Elgendy
- Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ávila J, González-Fernández R, Rotoli D, Hernández J, Palumbo A. Oxidative Stress in Granulosa-Lutein Cells From In Vitro Fertilization Patients. Reprod Sci 2017; 23:1656-1661. [PMID: 27821562 DOI: 10.1177/1933719116674077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian aging is associated with gradual follicular loss by atresia/apoptosis. Increased production of toxic metabolites such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species as well as external oxidant agents plays an important role in the process of ovarian senescence and in the pathogenesis of ovarian pathologies such as endometriosis and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This review provides a synthesis of available studies of oxidative stress (OS) in the ovary, focusing on the most recent evidence obtained in mural granulosa-lutein (GL) cells of in vitro fertilization patients. Synthesis of antioxidant enzymes such as peroxiredoxin 4, superoxide dismutase, and catalase and OS damage response proteins such as aldehyde dehydrogenase 3, member A2 decreases with aging in human GL cells, favoring an unbalance in ROS/antioxidants that mediates molecular damage and altered cellular function. The increase in OS in the granulosa cell correlates with diminished expression of follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) and a dysregulation of the FSHR signaling pathway and may be implicated in disrupted steroidogenic function and poor response to FSH in women with aging. Women with endometriosis and PCOS have lower antioxidant production capacity that may contribute to abnormal follicular development and infertility. Further investigation of the signaling pathways involved in cellular response to OS could shed light into molecular characterization of these diseases and development of new treatment strategies to improve reproductive potential in these women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julio Ávila
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Laboratorio de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Canarias (CIBICAN), Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain
| | - Rebeca González-Fernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Laboratorio de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain
| | - Deborah Rotoli
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Laboratorio de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain.,Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology (IEOS), CNR-National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Jairo Hernández
- Centro de Asistencia a la Reproducción Humana de Canarias, La Laguna, Spain
| | - Angela Palumbo
- Centro de Asistencia a la Reproducción Humana de Canarias, La Laguna, Spain .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Taglieri L, De Iuliis F, Giuffrida A, Giantulli S, Silvestri I, Scarpa S. Resistance to the mTOR inhibitor everolimus is reversed by the downregulation of survivin in breast cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:3832-3838. [PMID: 28927154 PMCID: PMC5587981 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Everolimus (RAD001) is an inhibitor of mammalian target of rapamycin used in combination with exemestane to treat hormone receptor-positive advanced breast cancer. However, not all patients are equally sensitive to RAD001 and certain patients develop resistance. Therefore, the present study analyzed the mechanisms involved in the resistance of breast cancer cells to RAD001 in order to identify a potential tool to overcome it. The effects of RAD001 on the inhibition of cell viability, on the induction of apoptosis and autophagy and on the regulation of survivin, an anti-apoptotic protein, were evaluated in two breast cancer cell lines: BT474 (luminal B) and MCF7 (luminal A). RAD001 was demonstrated to induce autophagy in the two cell lines at following a short period of treatment (4 h) and to induce apoptosis exclusively in BT474 cells following longer periods of treatment (48 h). RAD001 induced the downregulation of survivin in BT474 cells and its upregulation in MCF7 cells. Consequently, inhibiting survivin with YM155 resulted in the acquired resistance of MCF7 cells to RAD001 being reverted, restoring RAD001-induced apoptosis. These data demonstrated that RAD001 exerted anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects on breast cancer cells, but that these effects were repressed by the simultaneous up-regulation of survivin. Finally, the results demonstrated that inhibiting the expression of survivin resulted in the restoration of the anti-neoplastic activity of RAD001.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ludovica Taglieri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, I-00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca De Iuliis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, I-00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Giuffrida
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, I-00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Giantulli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, I-00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Ida Silvestri
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, I-00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Susanna Scarpa
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, I-00161 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Stepien M, Hughes DJ, Hybsier S, Bamia C, Tjønneland A, Overvad K, Affret A, His M, Boutron-Ruault MC, Katzke V, Kühn T, Aleksandrova K, Trichopoulou A, Lagiou P, Orfanos P, Palli D, Sieri S, Tumino R, Ricceri F, Panico S, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Peeters PH, Weiderpass E, Lasheras C, Bonet Bonet C, Molina-Portillo E, Dorronsoro M, Huerta JM, Barricarte A, Ohlsson B, Sjöberg K, Werner M, Shungin D, Wareham N, Khaw KT, Travis RC, Freisling H, Cross AJ, Schomburg L, Jenab M. Circulating copper and zinc levels and risk of hepatobiliary cancers in Europeans. Br J Cancer 2017; 116:688-696. [PMID: 28152549 PMCID: PMC5344297 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Copper and zinc are essential micronutrients and cofactors of many enzymatic reactions that may be involved in liver-cancer development. We aimed to assess pre-diagnostic circulating levels of copper, zinc and their ratio (Cu/Zn) in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic bile duct (IHBD) and gall bladder and biliary tract (GBTC) cancers. METHODS A nested case-control study was conducted within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort. Serum zinc and copper levels were measured in baseline blood samples by total reflection X-ray fluorescence in cancer cases (HCC n=106, IHDB n=34, GBTC n=96) and their matched controls (1:1). The Cu/Zn ratio, an indicator of the balance between the micronutrients, was computed. Multivariable adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (OR; 95% CI) were used to estimate cancer risk. RESULTS For HCC, the highest vs lowest tertile showed a strong inverse association for zinc (OR=0.36; 95% CI: 0.13-0.98, Ptrend=0.0123), but no association for copper (OR=1.06; 95% CI: 0.45-2.46, Ptrend=0.8878) in multivariable models. The calculated Cu/Zn ratio showed a positive association for HCC (OR=4.63; 95% CI: 1.41-15.27, Ptrend=0.0135). For IHBC and GBTC, no significant associations were observed. CONCLUSIONS Zinc may have a role in preventing liver-cancer development, but this finding requires further investigation in other settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Stepien
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 39372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - David J Hughes
- Department of Physiology and Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Sandra Hybsier
- Institut for Experimental Endocrinology, Charité–Universitatsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christina Bamia
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens 115 27, Germany
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens 115 27, Germany
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Diet, Genes and Environment Unit, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kim Overvad
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Aurélie Affret
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, INSERM, F-94805 Villejuif, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Mathilde His
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, INSERM, F-94805 Villejuif, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, INSERM, F-94805 Villejuif, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Verena Katzke
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tilman Kühn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Krasimira Aleksandrova
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens 115 27, Germany
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens 115 27, Germany
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute–ISPO, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Pagona Lagiou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens 115 27, Germany
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens 115 27, Germany
| | - Phlippos Orfanos
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens 115 27, Germany
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens 115 27, Germany
| | - Domenico Palli
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute–ISPO, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Sabina Sieri
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, ‘Civic–M.P.Arezzo' Hospital, ASP 97100 Ragusa, Italy
| | - Fulvio Ricceri
- Unit of Epidemiology, Regional Health Service ASL TO3, Grugliasco, 10095 Turin, Italy
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Dipartamento di Medicina Clinicae Chirurgias, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - H B(as) Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, W2 1NY London, UK
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Petra H Peeters
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, The School of Public Health, Imperial College, W2 1NY London, UK
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, NO-0304 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 Stockholm, Sweden
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Folkhälsan Research Center, 00250 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Cristina Lasheras
- Department of Functional Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, CP 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Catalina Bonet Bonet
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer.Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Molina-Portillo
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, 18080 Granada, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER- CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miren Dorronsoro
- Public Health Direction and Biodonostia Research Institute–Ciberesp Basque Regional Health Department, s/n 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - José María Huerta
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER- CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, E-30008 Murcia, Spain
| | - Aurelio Barricarte
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER- CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31003 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Bodil Ohlsson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, SE-205 92 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Klas Sjöberg
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, SE-205 92 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Mårten Werner
- Department of Public Health and Medicine, Umeå University, SE-901 85 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Dmitry Shungin
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine and Institute of Odontology Umeå University, SE-901 85 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Nick Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, CB2 0QQ Cambridge, UK
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Clinical Gerontology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, CB2 0QQ Cambridge, UK
| | - Ruth C Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health University of Oxford, OX3 7LF Oxford, UK
| | - Heinz Freisling
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 39372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Amanda J Cross
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, W2 1NY London, UK
| | - Lutz Schomburg
- Institut for Experimental Endocrinology, Charité–Universitatsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mazda Jenab
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 39372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Anticancer Effects of the Marine Sponge Lipastrotethya sp. Extract on Wild-Type and p53 Knockout HCT116 Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:7174858. [PMID: 28127380 PMCID: PMC5239977 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7174858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Interest in marine bioresources is increasing in the drug development sector. In particular, marine sponges produce a wide range of unique metabolites that enable them to survive in challenging environments, which makes them attractive sources of candidate pharmaceuticals. In previous study, we investigated over 40 marine specimens collected in Micronesia and provided by the Korean Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, for their antiproliferative effects on various cancer cell lines, and Lipastrotethya sp. extract (LSSE) was found to have a marked antiproliferative effect. In the present study, we investigated the mechanism responsible for its anticancer effect on wild-type p53 (WT) or p53 knockout (KO) HCT116 cells. LSSE inhibited cell viability and induced apoptotic cell death more so in HCT116 p53 KO cells than the WT. HCT116 WT cells treated with LSSE underwent apoptosis associated with the induction of p53 and its target genes. On the other hand, in HCT116 p53 KO cells, LSSE reduced mTOR and Bcl-2 and increased Beclin-1 and LC3-II protein levels, suggesting autophagy induction. These results indicate that the mechanisms responsible for the anticancer effect of LSSE depend on p53 status.
Collapse
|
20
|
The mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ ameliorated tubular injury mediated by mitophagy in diabetic kidney disease via Nrf2/PINK1. Redox Biol 2016; 11:297-311. [PMID: 28033563 PMCID: PMC5196243 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 347] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a crucial role in tubular injury in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). MitoQ is a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant that exerts protective effects in diabetic mice, but the mechanism underlying these effects is not clear. We demonstrated that mitochondrial abnormalities, such as defective mitophagy, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) overexpression and mitochondrial fragmentation, occurred in the tubular cells of db/db mice, accompanied by reduced PINK and Parkin expression and increased apoptosis. These changes were partially reversed following an intraperitoneal injection of mitoQ. High glucose (HG) also induces deficient mitophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in HK-2 cells, changes that were reversed by mitoQ. Moreover, mitoQ restored the expression, activity and translocation of HG-induced NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and inhibited the expression of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein (Keap1), as well as the interaction between Nrf2 and Keap1. The reduced PINK and Parkin expression noted in HK-2 cells subjected to HG exposure was partially restored by mitoQ. This effect was abolished by Nrf2 siRNA and augmented by Keap1 siRNA. Transfection with Nrf2 siRNA or PINK siRNA in HK-2 cells exposed to HG conditions partially blocked the effects of mitoQ on mitophagy and tubular damage. These results suggest that mitoQ exerts beneficial effects on tubular injury in DKD via mitophagy and that mitochondrial quality control is mediated by Nrf2/PINK.
Collapse
|
21
|
Redmann M, Benavides GA, Berryhill TF, Wani WY, Ouyang X, Johnson MS, Ravi S, Barnes S, Darley-Usmar VM, Zhang J. Inhibition of autophagy with bafilomycin and chloroquine decreases mitochondrial quality and bioenergetic function in primary neurons. Redox Biol 2016; 11:73-81. [PMID: 27889640 PMCID: PMC5124357 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an important cell recycling program responsible for the clearance of damaged or long-lived proteins and organelles. Pharmacological modulators of this pathway have been extensively utilized in a wide range of basic research and pre-clinical studies. Bafilomycin A1 and chloroquine are commonly used compounds that inhibit autophagy by targeting the lysosomes but through distinct mechanisms. Since it is now clear that mitochondrial quality control, particularly in neurons, is dependent on autophagy, it is important to determine whether these compounds modify cellular bioenergetics. To address this, we cultured primary rat cortical neurons from E18 embryos and used the Seahorse XF96 analyzer and a targeted metabolomics approach to measure the effects of bafilomycin A1 and chloroquine on bioenergetics and metabolism. We found that both bafilomycin and chloroquine could significantly increase the autophagosome marker LC3-II and inhibit key parameters of mitochondrial function, and increase mtDNA damage. Furthermore, we observed significant alterations in TCA cycle intermediates, particularly those downstream of citrate synthase and those linked to glutaminolysis. Taken together, these data demonstrate a significant impact of bafilomycin and chloroquine on cellular bioenergetics and metabolism consistent with decreased mitochondrial quality associated with inhibition of autophagy. Autophagy inhibition decreased mitochondrial bioenergetics in intact neurons. Autophagy inhibition decreased mitochondrial complexes I, II or IV substrate linked respiration. Autophagy inhibition increased mitochondrial DNA damage. Autophagy inhibition decreased major components of the Krebs cycle. Autophagy inhibition resulted in decreased citrate synthase activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Redmann
- Department of Pathology and Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - Gloria A Benavides
- Department of Pathology and Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - Taylor F Berryhill
- Targeted Metabolomics & Proteomics Laboratory, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - Willayat Y Wani
- Department of Pathology and Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - Xiaosen Ouyang
- Department of Pathology and Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - Michelle S Johnson
- Department of Pathology and Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - Saranya Ravi
- Department of Pathology and Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - Stephen Barnes
- Targeted Metabolomics & Proteomics Laboratory, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - Victor M Darley-Usmar
- Department of Pathology and Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States; VA Medical Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Walton EL. The dual role of ROS, antioxidants and autophagy in cancer. Biomed J 2016; 39:89-92. [PMID: 27372163 PMCID: PMC6140315 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In this issue of the Biomedical Journal, we highlight a review revealing that the effect of autophagy, reactive oxygen species, and antioxidants in cancer may be a question of timing and context. We also discuss original research showing that the prevalence of cleft lip with or without palate in Taiwan has declined over the past 20 years, and what this might mean in terms of trends in abortion. Finally, we also learn about risk factors for recurrent hospital-acquired infection with multi-drug resistant bacteria, and the value of dental screening for patients with tinnitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma Louise Walton
- Staff Writer at the Biomedical Journal, 56 Dronningens Gate, 7012 Trondheim, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|