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Perera S, Shaurya A, Baptiste M, Zavalij PY, Isaacs L. Acyclic Cucurbit[n]uril Receptors Function as Solid State Sequestrants for Organic Micropollutants. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202407169. [PMID: 38661568 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202407169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The accumulation of organic micropollutants (OMP) in aquatic systems is a major societal problem that can be addressed by approaches including nanofiltration, flocculation, reverse osmosis and adsorptive methods using insoluble materials (e.g. activated carbon, MOFs, nanocomposites). More recently, polymeric versions of supramolecular hosts (e.g. cyclodextrins, calixarenes, pillararenes) have been investigated as OMP sequestrants. Herein, we report our study of the use of water insoluble dimethylcatechol walled acyclic cucurbit[n]uril (CB[n]) hosts as solid state sequestrants for a panel of five OMPs. A series of hosts (H1-H4) were synthesized by reaction of glycoluril oligomer (monomer-tetramer) with 3,6-dimethylcatechol and fully characterized by spectroscopic means and x-ray crystallography. The solid hosts sequester OMPs from water with removal efficiencies exceeding 90 % in some cases. The removal efficiencies of the new hosts parallel the known molecular recognition properties of analogous water soluble acyclic CB[n]. OMP uptake by solid host occurs rapidly (≈120 seconds). Head-to-head comparison with CB[6] in batch-mode separation and DARCO activated carbon in flow-through separation mode show that tetramer derived host (H4) performs very well under identical conditions. The work establishes insoluble acyclic CB[n]-type receptors as a promising new platform for OMP sequestration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvenika Perera
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, 8051 Regents Dr., College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Alok Shaurya
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, 8051 Regents Dr., College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Michael Baptiste
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, 8051 Regents Dr., College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Peter Y Zavalij
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, 8051 Regents Dr., College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Lyle Isaacs
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, 8051 Regents Dr., College Park, MD 20742, United States
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2
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Lu B, Wei L, Shi G, Du J. Nanotherapeutics for Alleviating Anesthesia-Associated Complications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2308241. [PMID: 38342603 PMCID: PMC11022745 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Current management of anesthesia-associated complications falls short in terms of both efficacy and safety. Nanomaterials with versatile properties and unique nano-bio interactions hold substantial promise as therapeutics for addressing these complications. This review conducts a thorough examination of the existing nanotherapeutics and highlights the strategies for developing prospective nanomedicines to mitigate anesthetics-related toxicity. Initially, general, regional, and local anesthesia along with the commonly used anesthetics and related prevalent side effects are introduced. Furthermore, employing nanotechnology to prevent and alleviate the complications of anesthetics is systematically demonstrated from three aspects, that is, developing 1) safe nano-formulization for anesthetics; 2) nano-antidotes to sequester overdosed anesthetics and alter their pharmacokinetics; 3) nanomedicines with pharmacodynamic activities to treat anesthetics toxicity. Finally, the prospects and challenges facing the clinical translation of nanotherapeutics for anesthesia-related complications are discussed. This work provides a comprehensive roadmap for developing effective nanotherapeutics to prevent and mitigate anesthesia-associated toxicity, which can potentially revolutionize the management of anesthesia complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Lu
- Department of AnesthesiologyThird Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityShanxi Bethune HospitalShanxi Academy of Medical SciencesTongji Shanxi HospitalTaiyuan030032China
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical UniversityMinistry of EducationTaiyuanShanxi Province030001China
| | - Ling Wei
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital Center Surgery DepartmentShanxi Academy of Medical SciencesTongji Shanxi HospitalThird Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan030032China
| | - Gaoxiang Shi
- Department of AnesthesiologyThird Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityShanxi Bethune HospitalShanxi Academy of Medical SciencesTongji Shanxi HospitalTaiyuan030032China
| | - Jiangfeng Du
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical UniversityMinistry of EducationTaiyuanShanxi Province030001China
- Department of Medical ImagingShanxi Key Laboratory of Intelligent Imaging and NanomedicineFirst Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanShanxi Province030001China
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3
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Tu Z, Tang L, Khan FU, Hu M, Shen H, Wang Y. Low-frequency noise impairs righting reflex behavior by disrupting central nervous system in the sea slug Onchidium reevesii. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 918:170552. [PMID: 38309332 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Anthropogenic noise has significantly increased due to human activities, posing a threat to the health and survival of marine organisms. However, current studies have often emphasized its effects on the physiological aspects of marine organisms, while ignored the relationship between the neuroendocrine system and behavior. This study aimed to evaluate the righting behavior and relevant physiological functions of the central nervous system (CNS) in sea slug (Onchidium reevesii) exposed to low-frequency noise and subsequent noise removal. The duration of the sea slugs' righting reflex increased with longer noise exposure time. The degree of neuronal cell damage and apoptosis were significantly increased and relevant gene expressions were affected (Glu, AChE, FMRFamide and CaMKII) (P < 0.05). After the removal of noise, the righting reflex speed gradually recovered, and the degree of neuronal cell damage, apoptosis and the expression levels of genes continued to decrease. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the righting time was positively correlated with CNS tissue and DNA damage, apoptosis rate, and negatively correlated with the expression levels of genes. Therefore, low-frequency noise exposure causes damage to the CNS of sea slugs, subsequently impairing their normal behavior. Sea slugs exhibited partial recovery within 384 h after removing noise. These findings provide valuable insights into the effects of low-frequency noise on the CNS and behavior of marine invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihan Tu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Liusiqiao Tang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Fahim Ullah Khan
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Menghong Hu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Heding Shen
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Youji Wang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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4
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Montoya ID, Volkow ND. IUPHAR Review: New strategies for medications to treat substance use disorders. Pharmacol Res 2024; 200:107078. [PMID: 38246477 PMCID: PMC10922847 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Substance use disorders (SUDs) and drug overdose are a public health emergency and safe and effective treatments are urgently needed. Developing new medications to treat them is expensive, time-consuming, and the probability of a compound progressing to clinical trials and obtaining FDA-approval is low. The small number of FDA-approved medications for SUDs reflects the low interest of pharmaceutical companies to invest in this area due to market forces, characteristics of the population (e.g., stigma, and socio-economic and legal disadvantages), and the high bar regulatory agencies set for new medication approval. In consequence, most research on medications is funded by government agencies, such as the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA). Multiple scientific opportunities are emerging that can accelerate the discovery and development of new medications for SUDs. These include fast and efficient tools to screen new molecules, discover new medication targets, use of big data to explore large clinical data sets and artificial intelligence (AI) applications to make predictions, and precision medicine tools to individualize and optimize treatments. This review provides a general description of these new research strategies for the development of medications to treat SUDs with emphasis on the gaps and scientific opportunities. It includes a brief overview of the rising public health toll of SUDs; the justification, challenges, and opportunities to develop new medications; and a discussion of medications and treatment endpoints that are being evaluated with support from NIDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan D Montoya
- Division of Therapeutics and Medical Consequences, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 3 White Flint North, North Bethesda, MD 20852, United States.
| | - Nora D Volkow
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, 3 White Flint North, North Bethesda, MD 20852, United States
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5
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Cotten JF. Goofball Polypharmacy. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2024; 388:241-243. [PMID: 38233226 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.123.001930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph F Cotten
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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Brockett AT, Xue W, King D, Deng CL, Zhai C, Shuster M, Rastogi S, Briken V, Roesch MR, Isaacs L. Pillar[6]MaxQ: A Potent Supramolecular Host for In Vivo Sequestration of Methamphetamine and Fentanyl. Chem 2023; 9:881-900. [PMID: 37346394 PMCID: PMC10281757 DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2022.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Pillar[6]MaxQ (P6AS) functions as an in vivo sequestration agent for methamphetamine and fentanyl. We use 1H NMR, isothermal titration calorimetry, and molecular modelling to deduce the geometry and strength of the P6AS•drug complexes. P6AS forms tight complexes with fentanyl (Kd=9.8 nM), PCP (17.1 nM), MDMA (25.5 nM), mephedrone (52.4 nM), and methamphetamine (101 nM). P6AS has good in vitro biocompatibility according to MTS metabolic, Adenylate Kinase cell death, and hERG ion channel inhibition assays, and the Ames fluctuation test. The no observed adverse effect level for P6AS is 45 mg/kg. The hyperlocomotion of mice treated with methamphetamine (0.5 mg/kg) can be ameliorated by treatment with P6AS (35.7 mg/kg) 5-minutes later, whereas the hyperlocomotion of mice treated with fentanyl (0.1 mg/kg) can be controlled by treatment with P6AS (5 mg/kg) up to 15-minutes later. P6AS has significant potential for development as a broad spectrum in vivo sequestration agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam T. Brockett
- Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience and Cognitive Science (NACS), University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Weijian Xue
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - David King
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Chun-Lin Deng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Canjia Zhai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Michael Shuster
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Shivangi Rastogi
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Volker Briken
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Matthew R. Roesch
- Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience and Cognitive Science (NACS), University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Lyle Isaacs
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
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7
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Brala D, Thevathasan T, Grahl S, Barrow S, Violano M, Bergs H, Golpour A, Suwalski P, Poller W, Skurk C, Landmesser U, Heidecker B. Application of Magnetocardiography to Screen for Inflammatory Cardiomyopathy and Monitor Treatment Response. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e027619. [PMID: 36744683 PMCID: PMC10111485 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.027619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Inflammatory cardiomyopathy is one of the most common causes of sudden cardiac death in young adults. Diagnosis of inflammatory cardiomyopathy remains challenging, and better monitoring tools are needed. We present magnetocardiography as a method to diagnose myocardial inflammation and monitor treatment response. Methods and Results A total of 233 patients were enrolled, with a mean age of 45 (±18) years, and 105 (45%) were women. The primary analysis included 209 adult subjects, of whom 66 (32%) were diagnosed with inflammatory cardiomyopathy, 17 (8%) were diagnosed with cardiac amyloidosis, and 35 (17%) were diagnosed with other types of nonischemic cardiomyopathy; 91 (44%) did not have cardiomyopathy. The second analysis included 13 patients with inflammatory cardiomyopathy who underwent immunosuppressive therapy after baseline magnetocardiography measurement. Finally, diagnostic accuracy of magnetocardiography was tested in 3 independent cohorts (total n=23) and 1 patient, who developed vaccine-related myocarditis. First, we identified a magnetocardiography vector to differentiate between patients with cardiomyopathy versus patients without cardiomyopathy (vector of ≥0.051; sensitivity, 0.59; specificity, 0.95; positive predictive value, 93%; and negative predictive value, 64%). All patients with inflammatory cardiomyopathy, including a patient with mRNA vaccine-related myocarditis, had a magnetocardiography vector ≥0.051. Second, we evaluated the ability of the magnetocardiography vector to reflect treatment response. We observed a decrease of the pathologic magnetocardiography vector toward normal in all 13 patients who were clinically improving under immunosuppressive therapy. Magnetocardiography detected treatment response as early as day 7, whereas echocardiographic detection of treatment response occurred after 1 month. The magnetocardiography vector decreased from 0.10 at baseline to 0.07 within 7 days (P=0.010) and to 0.03 within 30 days (P<0.001). After 30 days, left ventricular ejection fraction improved from 42.2% at baseline to 53.8% (P<0.001). Conclusions Magnetocardiography has the potential to be used for diagnostic screening and to monitor early treatment response. The method is valuable in inflammatory cardiomyopathy, where there is a major unmet need for early diagnosis and monitoring response to immunosuppressive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Brala
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Tharusan Thevathasan
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Simon Grahl
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Steve Barrow
- Division of Instrumentation at Space Telescope Science Institute Baltimore MD
| | - Michele Violano
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Hendrikje Bergs
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Ainoosh Golpour
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Phillip Suwalski
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Wolfgang Poller
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Carsten Skurk
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Ulf Landmesser
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health at Charité Berlin Germany
| | - Bettina Heidecker
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany
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8
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Mayer BP, Kennedy DJ, Lau EY, Valdez CA. Evaluation of polyanionic cyclodextrins as high affinity binding scaffolds for fentanyl. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2680. [PMID: 36792632 PMCID: PMC9932099 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29662-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclodextrins (CDs) have been previously shown to display modest equilibrium binding affinities (Ka ~ 100-200 M-1) for the synthetic opioid analgesic fentanyl. In this work, we describe the synthesis of new CDs possessing extended thioalkylcarboxyl or thioalkylhydroxyl moieties and assess their binding affinity towards fentanyl hydrochloride. The optimal CD studied displays a remarkable affinity for the opioid of Ka = 66,500 M-1, the largest value reported for such an inclusion complex to date. One dimensional 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) as well as Rotational Frame Overhauser Spectroscopy (2D-ROESY) experiments supported by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations suggest an unexpected binding behavior, with fentanyl able to bind the CD interior in one of two distinct orientations. Binding energies derived from the MD simulations work correlate strongly with NMR-derived affinities highlighting its utility as a predictive tool for CD candidate optimization. The performance of these host molecules portends their utility as platforms for medical countermeasures for opioid exposure, as biosensors, and in other forensic science applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian P. Mayer
- grid.250008.f0000 0001 2160 9702Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550 USA ,grid.250008.f0000 0001 2160 9702Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA L-090 94550 USA ,grid.250008.f0000 0001 2160 9702Forensic Science Center, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550 USA
| | - Daniel J. Kennedy
- grid.250008.f0000 0001 2160 9702Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550 USA ,grid.250008.f0000 0001 2160 9702Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA L-090 94550 USA ,grid.250008.f0000 0001 2160 9702Forensic Science Center, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550 USA
| | - Edmond Y. Lau
- grid.250008.f0000 0001 2160 9702Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550 USA ,grid.250008.f0000 0001 2160 9702Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA L-090 94550 USA ,grid.250008.f0000 0001 2160 9702Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550 USA
| | - Carlos A. Valdez
- grid.250008.f0000 0001 2160 9702Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550 USA ,grid.250008.f0000 0001 2160 9702Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA L-090 94550 USA ,grid.250008.f0000 0001 2160 9702Forensic Science Center, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550 USA
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9
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Acyclic cucurbiturils and their applications. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-022-01159-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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10
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Han Y, Cao L, Yuan K, Shi J, Yan W, Lu L. Unique Pharmacology, Brain Dysfunction, and Therapeutic Advancements for Fentanyl Misuse and Abuse. Neurosci Bull 2022; 38:1365-1382. [PMID: 35570233 PMCID: PMC9107910 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-022-00872-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fentanyl is a fully synthetic opioid with analgesic and anesthetic properties. It has become a primary driver of the deadliest opioid crisis in the United States and elsewhere, consequently imposing devastating social, economic, and health burdens worldwide. However, the neural mechanisms that underlie the behavioral effects of fentanyl and its analogs are largely unknown, and approaches to prevent fentanyl abuse and fentanyl-related overdose deaths are scarce. This review presents the abuse potential and unique pharmacology of fentanyl and elucidates its potential mechanisms of action, including neural circuit dysfunction and neuroinflammation. We discuss recent progress in the development of pharmacological interventions, anti-fentanyl vaccines, anti-fentanyl/heroin conjugate vaccines, and monoclonal antibodies to attenuate fentanyl-seeking and prevent fentanyl-induced respiratory depression. However, translational studies and clinical trials are still lacking. Considering the present opioid crisis, the development of effective pharmacological and immunological strategies to prevent fentanyl abuse and overdose are urgently needed.
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Abstract
This paper is the forty-third consecutive installment of the annual anthological review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system, summarizing articles published during 2020 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides and receptors as well as effects of opioid/opiate agonists and antagonists. The review is subdivided into the following specific topics: molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors (1), the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia in animals (2) and humans (3), opioid-sensitive and opioid-insensitive effects of nonopioid analgesics (4), opioid peptide and receptor involvement in tolerance and dependence (5), stress and social status (6), learning and memory (7), eating and drinking (8), drug abuse and alcohol (9), sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology (10), mental illness and mood (11), seizures and neurologic disorders (12), electrical-related activity and neurophysiology (13), general activity and locomotion (14), gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions (15), cardiovascular responses (16), respiration and thermoregulation (17), and immunological responses (18).
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, NY, 11367, United States.
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12
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DiMaggio D, Brockett A, Shuster M, Murkli S, Zhai C, King D, O'Dowd B, Cheng M, Brady K, Briken V, Roesch MR, Isaacs L. Anthracene Walled Acyclic CB[n] Receptors: In Vitro and In Vivo Binding Properties Toward Drugs of Abuse. ChemMedChem 2022; 17:e202200046. [PMID: 35238177 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We report studies of the interaction of six acyclic CB[n]-type receptors toward a panel of drugs of abuse by a combination of isothermal titration calorimetry and 1H NMR spectroscopy. Anthracene walled acyclic CB[n] host (M3) displays highest binding affinity toward methamphetamine (Kd = 15 nM) and fentanyl (Kd = 4 nM). Host M3 is well tolerated by Hep G2 and HEK 293 cells up to 100 mM according to MTS metabolic and adenylate kinase release assays. An in vivomaximum tolerated dose study with Swiss Webster mice showed no adverse effects at the highest dose studied (44.7 mg kg-1). Host M3 is not mutagenic based on the Ames fluctuation test and does not inhibit the hERG ion channel. In vivoefficacy studies showed that pretreatment of mice with M3 significantly reduces the hyperlocomotion after treatment with methamphetamine, but M3 does not function similarly when administered 30 seconds after methamphetamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delaney DiMaggio
- University of Maryland at College Park, Chemistry and Biochemistry, 8051 Regents Dr., 20742, College Park, UNITED STATES
| | - Adam Brockett
- University of Maryland at College Park, Psychology, UNITED STATES
| | - Michael Shuster
- University of Maryland at College Park, Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, UNITED STATES
| | - Steven Murkli
- University of Maryland at College Park, Chemistry and Biochemistry, UNITED STATES
| | - Canjia Zhai
- University of Maryland at College Park, Chemistry and Biochemistry, UNITED STATES
| | - David King
- University of Maryland at College Park, Chemistry and Biochemistry, UNITED STATES
| | - Brona O'Dowd
- University of Maryland at College Park, Chemistry and Biochemistry, UNITED STATES
| | - Ming Cheng
- University of Maryland at College Park, Chemistry and Biochemistry, UNITED STATES
| | - Kimberly Brady
- University of Maryland at College Park, Chemistry and Biochemistry, UNITED STATES
| | - Volker Briken
- University of Maryland at College Park, Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, UNITED STATES
| | - Matthew R Roesch
- University of Maryland at College Park, Psychology, UNITED STATES
| | - Lyle Isaacs
- University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Building 091, 20742, College Park, UNITED STATES
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13
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Abstract
Opioids may produce life-threatening respiratory depression and death from their actions at the opioid receptors within the brainstem respiratory neuronal network. Since there is an increasing number of conditions where the administration of the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone is inadequate or undesired, there is an increased interest in the development of novel reversal and prevention strategies aimed at providing efficacy close to that of the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone but with fewer of its drawbacks such as its short duration of action and lesser ability to reverse high-affinity opioids, such as carfentanil, or drug combinations. To give an overview of this highly relevant topic, the authors systematically discuss predominantly experimental pharmacotherapies, published in the last 5 yr, aimed at reversal of opioid-induced respiratory depression as alternatives to naloxone. The respiratory stimulants are discussed based on their characteristics and mechanism of action: nonopioid controlled substances (e.g., amphetamine, cannabinoids, ketamine), hormones (thyrotropin releasing hormone, oxytocin), nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists, ampakines, serotonin receptor agonists, antioxidants, miscellaneous peptides, potassium channel blockers acting at the carotid bodies (doxapram, ENA001), sequestration techniques (scrubber molecules, immunopharmacotherapy), and opioids (partial agonists/antagonists). The authors argue that none of these often still experimental therapies are sufficiently tested with respect to efficacy and safety, and many of the agents presented have a lesser efficacy at deeper levels of respiratory depression, i.e., inability to overcome apnea, or have ample side effects. The authors suggest development of reversal strategies that combine respiratory stimulants with naloxone. Furthermore, they encourage collaborations between research groups to expedite development of viable reversal strategies of potent synthetic opioid-induced respiratory depression.
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Brockett AT, Deng C, Shuster M, Perera S, DiMaggio D, Cheng M, Murkli S, Briken V, Roesch MR, Isaacs L. In Vitro and In Vivo Sequestration of Methamphetamine by a Sulfated Acyclic CB[n]-Type Receptor. Chemistry 2021; 27:17476-17486. [PMID: 34613641 PMCID: PMC8665056 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of two new acyclic sulfated acyclic CB[n]-type receptors (TriM0 and Me4 TetM0) and investigations of their binding properties toward a panel of drugs of abuse (1-13) by a combination of 1 H NMR spectroscopy and isothermal titration calorimetry. TetM0 is the most potent receptor with Ka ≥106 M-1 toward methamphetamine, fentanyl, MDMA and mephedrone. TetM0 is not cytotoxic toward HepG2 and HEK 293 cells below 100 μM according to MTS metabolic and adenylate kinase release assays and is well tolerated in vivo when dosed at 46 mg kg-1 . TetM0 does not inhibit the hERG ion channel and is not mutagenic based on the Ames fluctuation test. Finally, in vivo efficacy studies show that the hyperlocomotion of mice treated with methamphetamine can be greatly reduced by treatment with TetM0 up to 5 minutes later. TetM0 has potential as a broad spectrum in vivo sequestrant for drugs of abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam T Brockett
- Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience and Cognitive Science (NACS), University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Chunlin Deng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Michael Shuster
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Suvenika Perera
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Delaney DiMaggio
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Ming Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Steven Murkli
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Volker Briken
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Matthew R Roesch
- Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience and Cognitive Science (NACS), University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Lyle Isaacs
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD 20742, United States
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15
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Cheng M, Isaacs L. Acyclic Cucurbituril Featuring Pendant Cyclodextrins. Supramol Chem 2021; 33:53-62. [PMID: 34305377 PMCID: PMC8294166 DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2021.1927033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We report the design and synthesis of the acyclic cucurbit[n]uril-β-cyclodextrin chimeric host H1. The goal of the study is to deepen the cavity of the receptor to allow β-CD complexation of moieties on the guest (especially fentanyl) that protrude from the cavity of the primary acyclic CB[n] binding site to enhance binding affinity and deliver new supramolecular antidotes for fentanyl intoxication. 1H NMR spectroscopy was used to deduce the geometry of the complexes between H1 and H2 and the guest panel (G1 - G8 and fentanyl) whereas isothermal titration calorimetry was used to determine the thermodynamic parameters of complexation. Hosts H1 and H2 retain the essential molecular recognition features of CB[n] receptors, but chimeric host H1 binds slightly stronger toward the guest panel than H2 for reasons that remain unclear. Compared to tetraanionic hosts M1 and M2, the dianionic hosts H1 and H2 are less potent receptors which reflects the importance of electrostatic (ion-ion and ion-dipole) interactions in this series of hosts. The work highlights the challenges inherent in the optimization of binding affinity of hosts as potential supramolecular antidotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Lyle Isaacs
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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16
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Beatty MA, Hof F. Host-guest binding in water, salty water, and biofluids: general lessons for synthetic, bio-targeted molecular recognition. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:4812-4832. [PMID: 33651047 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00495b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic molecular recognition systems are increasingly being used to solve applied problems in the life sciences, and bio-targeted host-guest chemistry has rapidly arisen as a major field of fundamental research. This tutorial review presents a set of fundamental lessons on how host-guest molecular recognition can be programmed in water. The review uses informative examples of aqueous host-guest chemistry organized around generalizable themes and lessons, building towards lessons focused on molecular recognition in salty solutions and biological fluids. It includes selected examples of macrocyclic host systems that work well, as well as common pitfalls and how to avoid them. The review closes with a survey of the most important and inspirational recent advances, which involve host-guest chemistry in living cells and organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meagan A Beatty
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd, Victoria, BC, V8W 3V6 Canada.
| | - Fraser Hof
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd, Victoria, BC, V8W 3V6 Canada.
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17
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Murkli S, Klemm J, Brockett AT, Shuster M, Briken V, Roesch MR, Isaacs L. In Vitro and In Vivo Sequestration of Phencyclidine by Me 4 Cucurbit[8]uril*. Chemistry 2021; 27:3098-3105. [PMID: 33206421 PMCID: PMC7902406 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We report investigations of the use of cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) macrocycles as an antidote to counteract the in vivo biological effects of phencyclidine. We investigate the binding of CB[8] and its derivative Me4 CB[8] toward ten drugs of abuse (3-9, 12-14) by a combination of 1 H NMR spectroscopy and isothermal titration calorimetry in phosphate buffered water. We find that the cavity of CB[8] and Me4 CB[8] are able to encapsulate the 1-amino-1-aryl-cyclohexane ring system of phencyclidine (PCP) and ketamine as well as the morphinan skeleton of morphine and hydromorphone with Kd values ≤50 nm. In vitro cytotoxicity (MTS metabolic and adenylate kinase cell death assays in HEK293 and HEPG2 cells) and in vivo maximum tolerated dose studies (Swiss Webster mice) which were performed for Me4 CB[8] indicated good tolerability. The tightest host⋅guest pair (Me4 CB[8]⋅PCP; Kd =2 nm) was advanced to in vivo efficacy studies. The results of open field tests demonstrate that pretreatment of mice with Me4 CB[8] prevents subsequent hyperlocomotion induction by PCP and also that treatment of animals previously dosed with PCP with Me4 CB[8] significantly reduces the locomotion levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Murkli
- Mr. Steven Murkli, Mr. Jared Klemm, Mr. David King, Dr. Peter Y. Zavalij, Prof. Dr. Lyle Isaacs, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Jared Klemm
- Mr. Steven Murkli, Mr. Jared Klemm, Mr. David King, Dr. Peter Y. Zavalij, Prof. Dr. Lyle Isaacs, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Adam T. Brockett
- Dr. Adam T. Brockett, Prof. Dr. Matthew R. Roesch, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
- Dr. Adam T. Brockett, Prof. Dr. Matthew R. Roesch, Program in Neuroscience and Cognitive Science (NACS), University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Michael Shuster
- Mr. Michael Shuster, Prof. Dr. Volker Briken, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Volker Briken
- Mr. Michael Shuster, Prof. Dr. Volker Briken, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Matthew R. Roesch
- Dr. Adam T. Brockett, Prof. Dr. Matthew R. Roesch, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
- Dr. Adam T. Brockett, Prof. Dr. Matthew R. Roesch, Program in Neuroscience and Cognitive Science (NACS), University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Lyle Isaacs
- Mr. Steven Murkli, Mr. Jared Klemm, Mr. David King, Dr. Peter Y. Zavalij, Prof. Dr. Lyle Isaacs, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
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18
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Deng CL, Murkli SL, Isaacs LD. Supramolecular hosts as in vivo sequestration agents for pharmaceuticals and toxins. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:7516-7532. [PMID: 33043945 PMCID: PMC7606718 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00454e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical agents, drugs of abuse, and toxic substances have a large impact, positive and negative, on modern society. Efforts to mitigate the side effects of pharmaceuticals and counteract the life threatening effects of drugs of abuse and toxins can occur either by pharmacodynamic (PD) approaches based on bioreceptor·drug antagonism or by pharmacokinetic (PK) approaches that seek to reduce the concentration of free drug. In this tutorial review, we present the use of supramolecular hosts (cyclodextrins, calixarenes, (acyclic) cucurbiturils, and pillararenes) as in vivo sequestration agents for neuromuscular blockers, drugs of abuse (methamphetamine and fentanyl), anesthetics, neurotoxins, the pesticide paraquat, and heparin anti-coagulants by the PK approach. The review presents the basic physical and molecular recognition features of the supramolecular hosts and some of the principles used in their selection and structural optimization for in vivo sequestration applications. The influence of host·guest complexation on other relevant in vivo properties of drugs (e.g. distribution, circulation time, excretion, redox properties) is also mentioned. The article concludes with a discussion of future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Lin Deng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
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19
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Dahan A, Boon M, van Velzen M, Niesters M. From breathtaking to encapsulation: a novel approach to reverse respiratory depression from opioid overdosing. Br J Anaesth 2020; 125:e16-e17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2020.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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20
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Lu X, Zebaze Ndendjio SA, Zavalij PY, Isaacs L. Acyclic Cucurbit[ n]uril-Type Receptors: Optimization of Electrostatic Interactions for Dicationic Guests. Org Lett 2020; 22:4833-4837. [PMID: 32520574 PMCID: PMC7576436 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of acyclic CB[n]-type host (1) is reported. By optimizing the placement of the sulfate groups nearby the electrostatically negative ureidyl C═O portals, the binding affinity of this class of receptors toward hydrophobic (di)ammonium guest molecules (5-23) is maximized. The X-ray crystal structures of 1·6a and 1·6d are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyong Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Sandra A Zebaze Ndendjio
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Peter Y Zavalij
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Lyle Isaacs
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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21
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Asai T, O'Sullivan EP, Hemmings HC. A special issue on respiration and the airway: critical topics at a challenging time. Br J Anaesth 2020; 125:1-4. [PMID: 32416990 PMCID: PMC7186195 DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2020.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Asai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Centre, Koshigaya, Japan.
| | | | - Hugh C Hemmings
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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