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Park JE, Seong YJ, Kim ES, Park D, Lee Y, Park H, Rha DW. Architectural Changes in the Medial Gastrocnemius on Sonography after Nerve Ablation in Healthy Adults. Yonsei Med J 2019; 60:876-881. [PMID: 31433586 PMCID: PMC6704021 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2019.60.9.876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Architectural changes in healthy muscle after denervation have not yet been reported. This study aimed to investigate architectural changes in the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle (GCM) after aesthetic tibial nerve ablation in healthy adults using ultrasonography (US). The effects of tibial nerve ablation were verified by visual observation and surface electromyography analysis. US images of medial GCMs were taken by one trained physician using B-mode and real-time US with a linear-array probe before nerve ablation, at 1 week after nerve ablation and at 3 months after nerve ablation in an anatomic standing position with the feet about shoulder-width apart in 19 healthy adults (17 females and 2 males). Muscle thickness was significantly reduced on the left side at 1 week and 3 months after the procedure and on the right side at 3 months after the procedure (p<0.050). Although fascicle length was not significantly changed, pennation angle was significantly reduced on both sides at 3 months after the procedure (p<0.050). Muscle thickness and pennation angle of the muscle fascicle were significantly reduced, although fascicle length was not significantly changed, after tibial nerve ablation in the medial GCM of healthy adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Eun Park
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | - Dongho Park
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yonghyun Lee
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyerin Park
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Wook Rha
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Bak DH, Na J, Im SI, Oh CT, Kim JY, Park SK, Han HJ, Seok J, Choi SY, Ko EJ, Mun SK, Ahn SW, Kim BJ. Antioxidant effect of human placenta hydrolysate against oxidative stress on muscle atrophy. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:1643-1658. [PMID: 30132871 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Sarcopenia, which refers to the muscle loss that accompanies aging, is a complex neuromuscular disorder with a clinically high prevalence and mortality. Despite many efforts to protect against muscle weakness and muscle atrophy, the incidence of sarcopenia and its related permanent disabilities continue to increase. In this study, we found that treatment with human placental hydrolysate (hPH) significantly increased the viability (approximately 15%) of H2 O2 -stimulated C2C12 cells. Additionally, while H2 O2 -stimulated cells showed irregular morphology, hPH treatment restored their morphology to that of cells cultured under normal conditions. We further showed that hPH treatment effectively inhibited H2 O2 -induced cell death. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and Mstn expression induced by oxidative stress are closely associated with muscular dysfunction followed by atrophy. Exposure of C2C12 cells to H2 O2 induced abundant production of intracellular ROS, mitochondrial superoxide, and mitochondrial dysfunction as well as myostatin expression via nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling; these effects were attenuated by hPH. Additionally, hPH decreased mitochondria fission-related gene expression (Drp1 and BNIP3) and increased mitochondria biogenesis via the Sirt1/AMPK/PGC-1α pathway and autophagy regulation. In vivo studies revealed that hPH-mediated prevention of atrophy was achieved predominantly through regulation of myostatin and PGC-1α expression and autophagy. Taken together, our findings indicate that hPH is potentially protective against muscle atrophy and oxidative cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ho Bak
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jungtae Na
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Song I Im
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Taek Oh
- Research Institute, Research & Development Center, Green Cross WellBeing Corporation, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jeom-Yong Kim
- Research Institute, Research & Development Center, Green Cross WellBeing Corporation, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Sun-Kyu Park
- Research Institute, Research & Development Center, Green Cross WellBeing Corporation, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hae Jung Han
- Research Institute, Research & Development Center, Green Cross WellBeing Corporation, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Joon Seok
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Young Choi
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Seoul Paik Hospital Inje University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Jung Ko
- Myongji Hospital, College of Medicine, Seonam University, Goyang, Korea
| | - Seog-Kyun Mun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suk-Won Ahn
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Beom Joon Kim
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
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The Use of Botulinum Toxin for the Treatment of Myofascial Pain in the Masticatory Muscles. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2018; 30:287-289. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coms.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Giordano CN, Matarasso SL, Ozog DM. Injectable and topical neurotoxins in dermatology: Indications, adverse events, and controversies. J Am Acad Dermatol 2017; 76:1027-1042. [PMID: 28522039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2016.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The use of neuromodulators for therapeutic and cosmetic indications has proven to be remarkably safe. While aesthetic and functional adverse events are uncommon, each anatomic region has its own set of risks of which the physician and patient must be aware before treatment. The therapeutic usages of botulinum toxins now include multiple specialties and multiple indications. New aesthetic indications have also developed, and there has been an increased utilization of combination therapies to combat the effects of global aging. In the second article in this continuing medical education series, we review the prevention and treatment of adverse events, therapeutic and novel aesthetic indications, controversies, and a brief overview of combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seth L Matarasso
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California
| | - David M Ozog
- Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan.
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Iatrogenic Thenar Eminence Atrophy After Botox A Injection for Secondary Raynaud Phenomenon. J Clin Rheumatol 2016; 22:396-7. [DOI: 10.1097/rhu.0000000000000450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Durand PD, Couto RA, Isakov R, Yoo DB, Azizzadeh B, Guyuron B, Zins JE. Botulinum Toxin and Muscle Atrophy: A Wanted or Unwanted Effect. Aesthet Surg J 2016; 36:482-7. [PMID: 26780946 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjv208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
While the facial rejuvenating effect of botulinum toxin type A is well known and widespread, its use in body and facial contouring is less common. We first describe its use for deliberate muscle volume reduction, and then document instances of unanticipated and undesirable muscle atrophy. Finally, we investigate the potential long-term adverse effects of botulinum toxin-induced muscle atrophy. Although the use of botulinum toxin type A in the cosmetic patient has been extensively studied, there are several questions yet to be addressed. Does prolonged botulinum toxin treatment increase its duration of action? What is the mechanism of muscle atrophy and what is the cause of its reversibility once treatment has stopped? We proceed to examine how prolonged chemodenervation with botulinum toxin can increase its duration of effect and potentially contribute to muscle atrophy. Instances of inadvertent botulinum toxin-induced atrophy are also described. These include the "hourglass deformity" secondary to botulinum toxin type A treatment for migraine headaches, and a patient with atrophy of multiple facial muscles from injections for hemifacial spasm. Numerous reports demonstrate that muscle atrophy after botulinum toxin type A treatment occurs and is both reversible and temporary, with current literature supporting the notion that repeated chemodenervation with botulinum toxin likely responsible for both therapeutic and incidental temporary muscle atrophy. Furthermore, duration of response may be increased with subsequent treatments, thus minimizing frequency of reinjection. Practitioners should be aware of the temporary and reversible effect of botulinum toxin-induced muscle atrophy and be prepared to reassure patients on this matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul D Durand
- Drs Durand and Couto are Residents, Dr Isakov is an Assistant Professor, and Dr Zins is Chairman, Department of Plastic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH. Drs Yoo and Azizzadeh are facial plastic surgeons in private practice in Beverly Hills, CA. Dr Guyuron is Chairman, Department of Plastic Surgery, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Rafael A Couto
- Drs Durand and Couto are Residents, Dr Isakov is an Assistant Professor, and Dr Zins is Chairman, Department of Plastic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH. Drs Yoo and Azizzadeh are facial plastic surgeons in private practice in Beverly Hills, CA. Dr Guyuron is Chairman, Department of Plastic Surgery, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Raymond Isakov
- Drs Durand and Couto are Residents, Dr Isakov is an Assistant Professor, and Dr Zins is Chairman, Department of Plastic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH. Drs Yoo and Azizzadeh are facial plastic surgeons in private practice in Beverly Hills, CA. Dr Guyuron is Chairman, Department of Plastic Surgery, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Donald B Yoo
- Drs Durand and Couto are Residents, Dr Isakov is an Assistant Professor, and Dr Zins is Chairman, Department of Plastic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH. Drs Yoo and Azizzadeh are facial plastic surgeons in private practice in Beverly Hills, CA. Dr Guyuron is Chairman, Department of Plastic Surgery, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Babak Azizzadeh
- Drs Durand and Couto are Residents, Dr Isakov is an Assistant Professor, and Dr Zins is Chairman, Department of Plastic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH. Drs Yoo and Azizzadeh are facial plastic surgeons in private practice in Beverly Hills, CA. Dr Guyuron is Chairman, Department of Plastic Surgery, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Bahman Guyuron
- Drs Durand and Couto are Residents, Dr Isakov is an Assistant Professor, and Dr Zins is Chairman, Department of Plastic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH. Drs Yoo and Azizzadeh are facial plastic surgeons in private practice in Beverly Hills, CA. Dr Guyuron is Chairman, Department of Plastic Surgery, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - James E Zins
- Drs Durand and Couto are Residents, Dr Isakov is an Assistant Professor, and Dr Zins is Chairman, Department of Plastic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH. Drs Yoo and Azizzadeh are facial plastic surgeons in private practice in Beverly Hills, CA. Dr Guyuron is Chairman, Department of Plastic Surgery, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
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Park ES, Sim E, Rha DW, Jung S. Architectural changes of the gastrocnemius muscle after botulinum toxin type A injection in children with cerebral palsy. Yonsei Med J 2014; 55:1406-12. [PMID: 25048504 PMCID: PMC4108831 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2014.55.5.1406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study used ultrasonography (US) to investigate the architectural changes in gastrocnemius muscles (GCM) after botulinum toxin injection (BoNT-A) in children with cerebral palsy (CP). MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirteen children with CP who received a BoNT-A injection into their GCM to treat equinus were recruited (9 males and 4 females). Architectural changes in both the medial and lateral heads of the GCM from a total of 20 legs were assessed using B-mode, real-time US. Muscle thickness (MT), fascicle length (FL), and fascicle angle (FA) were measured over the middle of the muscle belly in both a resting and neutral ankle position. Measures at 1 and 3 months after the injection were compared with baseline data taken before the injection. RESULTS The mean age of the subjects was 5.8 (±1.6) years. Spasticity was significantly reduced when measured by both the modified Tardieu scale and the modified Ashworth scale at 1 and 3 months after injection (p<0.05). The MT and FA of both the medial and lateral heads of the GCM were significantly reduced for both neutral and resting ankle positions at 1 and 3 months after the injection. The FL of both the medial and lateral heads of the GCM were significantly increased in a resting position (p<0.05), but not in a neutral position. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated muscle architectural changes induced by BoNT-A injection. The functional significances of these changes were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Sook Park
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eungeol Sim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Wook Rha
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soojin Jung
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Usos prácticos de la toxina botulínica en niños y adolescentes en medicina física y rehabilitación. REVISTA MÉDICA CLÍNICA LAS CONDES 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0716-8640(14)70032-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Basciani M, Di Rienzo F, Bizzarrini M, Zanchi M, Copetti M, Intiso D. Efficacy of botulinum toxin type B for the treatment of primary palmar hyperhidrosis: a prospective, open, single-blind, multi-centre study. Arch Dermatol Res 2014; 306:497-503. [PMID: 24522897 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-014-1449-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Primary palmar hyperhidrosis is a distressing and disabling condition that can produce social, psychological and occupational problems. Although the use of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) has been reported as an efficacious and safe intervention to improve palmar hyperhidrosis, only one study concerned botulinum toxin type B (BoNT-B) in this disorder. The aim of study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of BoNT-B in treating primary palmar hyperhidrosis. Participants were injected with 5,000 IU of BoNT-B in each palm. Visual analogue test (VAS) to evaluate the intensity of decrease in sweat production, Minor's iodine starch test and measurement of paper towels' weight were used to ascertain palmar sweating at baseline, 4, 12 and 24 weeks after BoNT-B injections by a blind examiner. Thirty-two subjects (12 males, 20 females, mean age 31 ± 11) were enrolled. Significant reduction of palmar sweating was detected after BoNT-B injection: 2.9 ± 1.4, 0.3 ± 0.4, 0.9 ± 0.8, and 2.1 ± 1.5 g (p < 0.001) of paper towels' weight for the right palm at baseline, 4, 12 and 24 weeks; and 2.8 ± 1.7, 0.5 ± 0.6, 0.8 ± 0.7, and 1.8 ± 1.25 g (p < 0.001) at same time, respectively for the left palm. Significant reduction of mean VAS values were also detected after BoNT-B injections: 8.6 ± 1.1, 0.6 ± 0.8, 3.5 ± 2.5, and 7.1 ± 2.4 (p < 0.0001) at baseline, 4, 12 and 24 weeks, respectively. Mild side effects consisting in local pain and hand weakness were observed in 4 (12.5%) subjects. The findings indicated that the use of 5,000 IU BoNT-B injection in each palm was safe and significantly improved the severity of palmar hyperhidrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Basciani
- Unit of Neuro-rehabilitation, Hospital Scientific Institute "Casa Sollievo Della Sofferenza", Viale dei Cappuccini, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
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Laskin DM. Botulinum toxin A in the treatment of myofascial pain and dysfunction: the case against its use. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2012; 70:1240-2. [PMID: 22538023 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2011.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2010] [Revised: 05/05/2011] [Accepted: 05/11/2011] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M Laskin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0566, USA.
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Zhao CH, Stillman M. Atrophy of corrugator supercilii muscle in a patient induced by the onabotulinum toxin injection. Headache 2011; 52:309-11. [PMID: 22085341 DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2011.02034.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Onabotulinum toxin has been used to treat a variety of headaches. We report a case of a 29-year-old woman who developed temporary and reversible atrophy of corrugator supercilii muscle after onabotulinum toxin (Botox, Allergan, Irvine, CA, USA) injection. To our best knowledge this has not been described in the literature before.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong-hao Zhao
- California Headache and Pain Center, Burbank, CA 91505, USA.
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