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Nguyen HT, Pham-The H, Tuan AN, Thu HNT, Thi TAD, Le-Nhat-Thuy G, Thi PH, Thi QGN, Van Nguyen T. Improved synthesis, molecular modeling and anti-inflammatory activity of new fluorinated dihydrofurano-naphthoquinone compounds. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 104:129714. [PMID: 38522589 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.129714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
A series of new fluorinated dihydrofurano-napthoquinone compounds were sucessfully synthesized in good yields using microwave-assisted multi-component reactions of 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, fluorinated aromatic aldehydes, and pyridinium bromide. The products were fully characterized using spectroscopic techniques and evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Among 12 new compounds, compounds 8b, 8d, and 8e showed high potent NO inhibitory activity in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells with IC50 values ranging from 1.54 to 3.92 µM. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6 in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages were remarkably decreased after the application of 8b, 8d, 8e and 8k. Molecular docking simulations revealed structure-activity relationships of 8b, 8d, and 8e toward NO synthase, cyclooxygenase (COX-2 over COX-1), and prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1). Further physicochemical and pharmacokinetic computations also demonstrated the drug-like characteristics of synthesized compounds. These findings demonstrated the importance of fluorinated dihydrofurano-napthoquinone moieties in the development of potential anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Thanh Nguyen
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
| | - Hai Pham-The
- Department of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of Hanoi (USTH), VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Anh Nguyen Tuan
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Ha Nguyen Thi Thu
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Tuyet Anh Dang Thi
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Giang Le-Nhat-Thuy
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Phuong Hoang Thi
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Quynh Giang Nguyen Thi
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Tuyen Van Nguyen
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
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Pathak S, Bhardwaj M, Agrawal N, Bhardwaj A. A comprehensive review on potential candidates for the treatment of chagas disease. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:587-605. [PMID: 37070386 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Twenty different infectious disorders induced by bacteria, viruses, and parasites are categorized as neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) by WHO. The severity of chagas disease remains a major concern in endemic areas and an emerging public health hazard in nonendemic countries. Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of this NTD, is mostly transmitted by triatomine vectors and comprises a range of epidemiologically significant variants. Current chemotherapeutics are obsolete, and one of the primary reasons for treatment cessation is their poor safety and effectiveness. Due to the aforementioned challenges, researchers are now focusing on discovering alternative novel safe, and economically reachable therapies for the treatment of trypanosomiasis. Certain target-based drugs that target specific biochemical processes of the causative parasites have been described as potential antichagasic agents that possesses various types of heterocyclic scaffolds. These flexible molecules have a wide range of biological actions, and various synthesized compounds with strong activity have been documented. This review aims to discuss the available literature on synthetic anti-T. cruzi drugs that will give a food for thought to medicinal chemists thriving to design and develop such drugs. Furthermore, some of the studies discussed herein are concerned with the potential of novel drugs to block new viable sites in T. cruzi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpi Pathak
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, India
| | - Muskan Bhardwaj
- Hospital Administration, FCAM, SGT University, Gurugram, India
| | - Neetu Agrawal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, India
| | - Aditya Bhardwaj
- Department of Healthcare Management, Chitkara Business School, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
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3
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Peixoto JF, Oliveira ADS, Gonçalves-Oliveira LF, Souza-Silva F, Alves CR. Epoxy-α-lapachone (2,2-Dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-spiro[2H-naphtho[2,3-b]pyran-10,2'-oxirane]-5(10H)-one): a promising molecule to control infections caused by protozoan parasites. Braz J Infect Dis 2023; 27:102743. [PMID: 36731538 PMCID: PMC9932704 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjid.2023.102743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products and their derivatives have been sources of search and research for new drugs for the treatment of neglected diseases. Naphthoquinones, a special group of quinones, are products of natural metabolites with a wide spectrum of biological activities and represent a group of interesting molecules for new therapeutic propositions. Among these compounds, lapachol stands out as a molecule from the heartwood of Tabebuia sp. whose structural changes resulted in compounds considered promising, such as epoxy-α-lapachone (ELAP). The biological activity of ELAP has been demonstrated, so far, for parasitic protozoa such as Leishmania spp., Trypanosoma cruzi and Plasmodium spp., species causing diseases needing new drug development and adequate health policy. This work gathers in vitro and in vivo studies on these parasites, as well as the toxicity profile, and the probable mechanisms of action elucidated until then. The potential of ELAP-based technology alternatives for a further drug is discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Figueiredo Peixoto
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Adriane da Silva Oliveira
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luiz Filipe Gonçalves-Oliveira
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Franklin Souza-Silva
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Universidade Iguaçu, Nova Iguaçu, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carlos Roberto Alves
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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4
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Santos LH, Kronenberger T, Almeida RG, Silva EB, Rocha REO, Oliveira JC, Barreto LV, Skinner D, Fajtová P, Giardini MA, Woodworth B, Bardine C, Lourenço AL, Craik CS, Poso A, Podust LM, McKerrow JH, Siqueira-Neto JL, O’Donoghue AJ, da Silva
Júnior EN, Ferreira RS. Structure-Based Identification of Naphthoquinones and Derivatives as Novel Inhibitors of Main Protease M pro and Papain-like Protease PL pro of SARS-CoV-2. J Chem Inf Model 2022; 62:6553-6573. [PMID: 35960688 PMCID: PMC9397563 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.2c00693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The worldwide COVID-19 pandemic caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 urgently demands novel direct antiviral treatments. The main protease (Mpro) and papain-like protease (PLpro) are attractive drug targets among coronaviruses due to their essential role in processing the polyproteins translated from the viral RNA. In this study, we virtually screened 688 naphthoquinoidal compounds and derivatives against Mpro of SARS-CoV-2. Twenty-four derivatives were selected and evaluated in biochemical assays against Mpro using a novel fluorogenic substrate. In parallel, these compounds were also assayed with SARS-CoV-2 PLpro. Four compounds inhibited Mpro with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values between 0.41 μM and 9.0 μM. In addition, three compounds inhibited PLpro with IC50 ranging from 1.9 μM to 3.3 μM. To verify the specificity of Mpro and PLpro inhibitors, our experiments included an assessment of common causes of false positives such as aggregation, high compound fluorescence, and inhibition by enzyme oxidation. Altogether, we confirmed novel classes of specific Mpro and PLpro inhibitors. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest stable binding modes for Mpro inhibitors with frequent interactions with residues in the S1 and S2 pockets of the active site. For two PLpro inhibitors, interactions occur in the S3 and S4 pockets. In summary, our structure-based computational and biochemical approach identified novel naphthoquinonal scaffolds that can be further explored as SARS-CoV-2 antivirals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucianna H. Santos
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology,
Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas
Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Thales Kronenberger
- Department of Oncology and Pneumonology, Internal
Medicine VIII, University Hospital Tübingen,
Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, DE72076 Tübingen,
Germany
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences,
University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio,
Finland
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal
Chemistry and Tübingen Center for Academic Drug Discovery (TüCAD2),
Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Auf der
Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Renata G. Almeida
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry,
Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas
Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Elany B. Silva
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences,
University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La
Jolla, California 92093-0657, United States
| | - Rafael E. O. Rocha
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology,
Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas
Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Joyce C. Oliveira
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry,
Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas
Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Luiza V. Barreto
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology,
Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas
Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Danielle Skinner
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences,
University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La
Jolla, California 92093-0657, United States
| | - Pavla Fajtová
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences,
University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La
Jolla, California 92093-0657, United States
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry,
Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 16610 Prague,
Czech Republic
| | - Miriam A. Giardini
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences,
University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La
Jolla, California 92093-0657, United States
| | - Brendon Woodworth
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious
Diseases, University of California San Diego, La Jolla,
California 92093, United States
| | - Conner Bardine
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry,
University of California San Francisco, San Francisco,
California 94143, United States
| | - André L. Lourenço
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry,
University of California San Francisco, San Francisco,
California 94143, United States
| | - Charles S. Craik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry,
University of California San Francisco, San Francisco,
California 94143, United States
| | - Antti Poso
- Department of Oncology and Pneumonology, Internal
Medicine VIII, University Hospital Tübingen,
Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, DE72076 Tübingen,
Germany
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences,
University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio,
Finland
| | - Larissa M. Podust
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences,
University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La
Jolla, California 92093-0657, United States
| | - James H. McKerrow
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences,
University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La
Jolla, California 92093-0657, United States
| | - Jair L. Siqueira-Neto
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences,
University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La
Jolla, California 92093-0657, United States
| | - Anthony J. O’Donoghue
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences,
University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La
Jolla, California 92093-0657, United States
| | - Eufrânio N. da Silva
Júnior
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry,
Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas
Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Rafaela S. Ferreira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology,
Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas
Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
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5
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Rani R, Sethi K, Kumar S, Varma RS, Kumar R. Natural naphthoquinones and their derivatives as potential drug molecules against trypanosome parasites. Chem Biol Drug Des 2022; 100:786-817. [PMID: 35852920 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decades, a number of 1,4-naphthoquinones have been isolated from natural resources and several of naphthoquinone derivatives with diverse structural motif have been synthesized; they possess a multitude of biochemical properties and modulate numerous pharmacological roles that offer new targets for addressing the challenges pertaining to novel drug developments. Among natural naphthoquinones, lapachol, α-lapachone, β-lapachone, lawsone, juglone, and plumbagin have been evaluated for its potential as antitrypanosomal activities. The chemotherapeutic drugs available for combating human trypanosomiasis, that is, American trypanosomiasis and African trypanosomiasis caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma brucei, respectively, and animal tripanosomosis caused by Trypanosoma evansi have a problem of drug resistance and several toxic effect. Therefore, search of alternative effective drug molecules, without toxic effects, have enthused the researchers for searching new drug entity with potential clinical efficacy. In the search for new antitrypanosomal compound, this review focuses on different natural quinones and their synthetic derivatives associated with antitrypanosomal studies. In this context, this review will be useful for the development of new antitrypanosomal drugs mainly based on different structural modification of natural and synthetic naphthoquinones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruma Rani
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar, India
| | | | - Sanjay Kumar
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar, India
| | - Rajender S Varma
- Regional Center of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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6
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Nunes JA, Ferreira da Silva-Júnior E. Hybrid-Compounds Against Trypanosomiases. Curr Drug Targets 2022; 23:1319-1329. [PMID: 35579157 DOI: 10.2174/1389450123666220509202352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are a global public health problem associated with approximately 20 conditions. Among these, Chagas disease (CD), caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, and human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), caused by T. brucei gambiense or T. brucei rhodesiense, affect mainly the populations of the countries from the American continent and sub- Saharan Africa. Pharmacological therapies used for such illnesses are not yet fully effective. In this context, the search for new therapeutic alternatives against these diseases becomes necessary. A drug design tool, recently recognized for its effectiveness in obtaining ligands capable of modulating multiple targets for complex diseases, concerns molecular hybridization. Therefore, this review aims to demonstrate the importance of applying molecular hybridization in facing the challenges of developing prototypes as candidates for the treatment of parasitic diseases. Therefore, studies involving different chemical classes that investigated and used hybrid compounds in recent years were compiled in this work, such as thiazolidinones, naphthoquinones, quinolines, and others. Finally, this review covers several applications of the exploration of molecular hybridization as a potent strategy in the development of molecules potentially active against trypanosomiases, in order to provide information that can help in designing new drugs with trypanocidal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Alves Nunes
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, 57072-970, Maceió, Brazil
| | - Edeildo Ferreira da Silva-Júnior
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, 57072-970, Maceió, Brazil.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, 57072-970, Maceió, Brazil
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7
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In Silico Antiprotozoal Evaluation of 1,4-Naphthoquinone Derivatives against Chagas and Leishmaniasis Diseases Using QSAR, Molecular Docking, and ADME Approaches. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15060687. [PMID: 35745607 PMCID: PMC9228275 DOI: 10.3390/ph15060687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas and leishmaniasis are two neglected diseases considered as public health problems worldwide, for which there is no effective, low-cost, and low-toxicity treatment for the host. Naphthoquinones are ligands with redox properties involved in oxidative biological processes with a wide variety of activities, including antiparasitic. In this work, in silico methods of quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR), molecular docking, and calculation of ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) properties were used to evaluate naphthoquinone derivatives with unknown antiprotozoal activity. QSAR models were developed for predicting antiparasitic activity against Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania amazonensis, and Leishmania infatum, as well as the QSAR model for toxicity activity. Most of the evaluated ligands presented high antiparasitic activity. According to the docking results, the family of triazole derivatives presented the best affinity with the different macromolecular targets. The ADME results showed that most of the evaluated compounds present adequate conditions to be administered orally. Naphthoquinone derivatives show good biological activity results, depending on the substituents attached to the quinone ring, and perhaps the potential to be converted into drugs or starting molecules.
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8
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de Souza AS, Ribeiro RCB, Costa DCS, Pauli FP, Pinho DR, de Moraes MG, da Silva FDC, Forezi LDSM, Ferreira VF. Menadione: a platform and a target to valuable compounds synthesis. Beilstein J Org Chem 2022; 18:381-419. [PMID: 35529893 PMCID: PMC9039524 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.18.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Naphthoquinones are important natural or synthetic compounds belonging to the general class of quinones. Many compounds in this class have become drugs that are on the pharmaceutical market for the treatment of various diseases. A special naphthoquinone derivative is menadione, a synthetic naphthoquinone belonging to the vitamin K group. This compound can be synthesized by different methods and it has a broad range of biological and synthetic applications, which will be highlighted in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Acácio S de Souza
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Departamento de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, R. Dr. Mario Vianna, 523, Santa Rosa, CEP 24241-002, Niterói-RJ, Brazil
| | - Ruan Carlos B Ribeiro
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Departamento de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, R. Dr. Mario Vianna, 523, Santa Rosa, CEP 24241-002, Niterói-RJ, Brazil
| | - Dora C S Costa
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO – Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Fernanda P Pauli
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, 24020-150 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - David R Pinho
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, 24020-150 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Matheus G de Moraes
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, 24020-150 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fernando de C da Silva
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, 24020-150 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luana da S M Forezi
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, 24020-150 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Vitor F Ferreira
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Departamento de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, R. Dr. Mario Vianna, 523, Santa Rosa, CEP 24241-002, Niterói-RJ, Brazil
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9
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Santos LH, Kronenberger T, Almeida RG, Silva EB, Rocha REO, Oliveira JC, Barreto LV, Skinner D, Fajtová P, Giardini MA, Woodworth B, Bardine C, Lourenço AL, Craik CS, Poso A, Podust LM, McKerrow JH, Siqueira-Neto JL, O'Donoghue AJ, da Silva Júnior EN, Ferreira RS. Structure-based identification of naphthoquinones and derivatives as novel inhibitors of main protease Mpro and papain-like protease PLpro of SARS-CoV-2. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2022:2022.01.05.475095. [PMID: 35018373 PMCID: PMC8750648 DOI: 10.1101/2022.01.05.475095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The worldwide COVID-19 pandemic caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 urgently demands novel direct antiviral treatments. The main protease (Mpro) and papain-like protease (PLpro) are attractive drug targets among coronaviruses due to their essential role in processing the polyproteins translated from the viral RNA. In the present work, we virtually screened 688 naphthoquinoidal compounds and derivatives against Mpro of SARS-CoV-2. Twenty-four derivatives were selected and evaluated in biochemical assays against Mpro using a novel fluorogenic substrate. In parallel, these compounds were also assayed with SARS-CoV-2 PLpro. Four compounds inhibited Mpro with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) values between 0.41 µM and 66 µM. In addition, eight compounds inhibited PLpro with IC 50 ranging from 1.7 µM to 46 µM. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest stable binding modes for Mpro inhibitors with frequent interactions with residues in the S1 and S2 pockets of the active site. For two PLpro inhibitors, interactions occur in the S3 and S4 pockets. In summary, our structure-based computational and biochemical approach identified novel naphthoquinonal scaffolds that can be further explored as SARS-CoV-2 antivirals.
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10
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Optimization of 1,4-Naphthoquinone Hit Compound: A Computational, Phenotypic, and In Vivo Screening against Trypanosoma cruzi. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020423. [PMID: 33467422 PMCID: PMC7829778 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease (CD) still represents a serious public health problem in Latin America, even after more than 100 years of its discovery. Clinical treatments (nifurtimox and benznidazole) are considered inadequate, especially because of undesirable side effects and low efficacy in the chronic stages of the disease, highlighting the urgency for discovering new effective and safe drugs. A small library of compounds (1a–i and 2a–j) was designed based on the structural optimization of a Hit compound derived from 1,4-naphthoquinones (C2) previously identified. The biological activity, structure-activity relationship (SAR), and the in silico physicochemical profiles of the naphthoquinone derivatives were analyzed. Most modifications resulted in increased trypanocidal activity but some substitutions also increased toxicity. The data reinforce the importance of the chlorine atom in the thiophenol benzene ring for trypanocidal activity, highlighting 1g, which exhibit a drug-likeness profile, as a promising compound against Trypanosoma cruzi. SAR analysis also revealed 1g as cliff generator in the structure-activity similarity map (SAS maps). However, compounds C2 and 1g were unable to reduce parasite load, and did not prevent mouse mortality in T. cruzi acute infection. Phenotypic screening and computational analysis have provided relevant information to advance the optimization and design of new 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives with a better pharmacological profile.
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Bombaça ACS, Silva LA, Chaves OA, da Silva LS, Barbosa JMC, da Silva AM, Ferreira ABB, Menna-Barreto RFS. Novel N,N-di-alkylnaphthoimidazolium derivative of β-lapachone impaired Trypanosoma cruzi mitochondrial electron transport system. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 135:111186. [PMID: 33395606 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi is a protozoan parasite that causes Chagas disease, a neglected tropical disease that is endemic in Latin America and spreading worldwide due to globalization. The current treatments are based on benznidazole and nifurtimox; however, these drugs have important limitations and limited efficacy during the chronic phase, reinforcing the necessity of an alternative chemotherapy. For the last 30 years, our group has been evaluating the biological activity of naphthoquinones and derivatives on T. cruzi, and of the compounds tested, N1, N2 and N3 were found to be the most active in vitro. Here, we show the synthesis of a novel β-lapachone-derived naphthoimidazolium named N4 and assess its activity on T. cruzi stages and the mechanism of action. The new compound was very active on all parasite stages (IC50/24 h in the range of 0.8-7.9 μM) and had a selectivity index of 5.4. Mechanistic analyses reveal that mitochondrial ROS production begins after short treatment starts and primarily affects the activity of complexes II-III. After 24 h treatment, a partial restoration of mitochondrial physiology (normal complexes II-III and IV activities and controlled H2O2 release) was observed; however, an extensive injury in its morphology was still detected. During treatment with N4, we also observed that trypanothione reductase activity increased in a time-dependent manner and concomitant with increased oxidative stress. Molecular docking calculations indicated the ubiquinone binding site of succinate dehydrogenase as an important interaction point with N4, as with the FMN binding site of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase. The results presented here may be a good starting point for the development of alternative treatments for Chagas disease and for understanding the mechanism of naphthoimidazoles in T. cruzi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cristina S Bombaça
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leonardo A Silva
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Otávio Augusto Chaves
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lorrainy S da Silva
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Juliana M C Barbosa
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ari M da Silva
- Instituto de Pesquisa em Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Aurélio B B Ferreira
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rubem F S Menna-Barreto
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Gong Q, Hu J, Wang P, Li X, Zhang X. A comprehensive review on β-lapachone: Mechanisms, structural modifications, and therapeutic potentials. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 210:112962. [PMID: 33158575 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
β-Lapachone (β-lap, 1), an ortho-naphthoquinone natural product isolated from the lapacho tree (Tabebuia avellanedae) in many regions of South America, has received extensive attention due to various pharmacological activities, such as antitumor, anti-Trypanosoma cruzi, anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis, antibacterial, and antimalarial activities. Related mechanisms of β-lap have been widely investigated for a full understanding of its therapeutic potentials. Numerous derivatives of β-lap have been reported with aims to generate new chemical entities, improve the corresponding biological potency, and overcome disadvantages of its physical and chemical properties and safety profiles. This review will give insight into the pharmacological mechanisms of β-lap and provide a comprehensive understanding of its structural modifications with regard to different therapeutic potentials. The available clinical trials related to β-lap and its derivatives are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijie Gong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, And Department of Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Jiabao Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, And Department of Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Xiaojin Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, And Department of Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
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13
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Wood JM, Satam NS, Almeida RG, Cristani VS, de Lima DP, Dantas-Pereira L, Salomão K, Menna-Barreto RF, Namboothiri IN, Bower JF, da Silva Júnior EN. Strategies towards potent trypanocidal drugs: Application of Rh-catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] cycloadditions, sulfonyl phthalide annulation and nitroalkene reactions for the synthesis of substituted quinones and their evaluation against Trypanosoma cruzi. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115565. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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14
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Reis WJ, Bozzi ÍA, Ribeiro MF, Halicki PC, Ferreira LA, Almeida da Silva PE, Ramos DF, de Simone CA, da Silva Júnior EN. Design of hybrid molecules as antimycobacterial compounds: Synthesis of isoniazid-naphthoquinone derivatives and their activity against susceptible and resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:4143-4150. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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15
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da Silva Júnior EN, Jardim GAM, Jacob C, Dhawa U, Ackermann L, de Castro SL. Synthesis of quinones with highlighted biological applications: A critical update on the strategies towards bioactive compounds with emphasis on lapachones. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 179:863-915. [PMID: 31306817 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Naphthoquinones are of key importance in organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry. In the last few years, various synthetic routes have been developed to prepare bioactive compounds derived or based on lapachones. In this sense, this review is mainly focused on the synthetic aspects and strategies used for the design of these compounds on the basis of their biological activities for the development of drugs against the neglected diseases leishmaniases and Chagas disease and also cancer. Three strategies used to develop bioactive quinones are discussed and categorized: (i) C-ring modification, (ii) redox centre modification and (iii) A-ring modification. Framed within these strategies for the development of naphthoquinoidal compounds against T. cruzi. Leishmania and cancer, reactions including copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (click chemistry), palladium-catalysed cross couplings, C-H activation reactions, Ullmann couplings and heterocyclisations reported up to July 2019 will be discussed. The aim of derivatisation is the generation of novel molecules that can potentially inhibit cellular organelles/processes, generate reactive oxygen species and increase lipophilicity to enhance penetration through the plasma membrane. Modified lapachones have emerged as promising prototypes for the development of drugs against leishmaniases, Chagas disease and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eufrânio N da Silva Júnior
- Laboratory of Synthetic and Heterocyclic Chemistry, Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil; Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Guilherme A M Jardim
- Laboratory of Synthetic and Heterocyclic Chemistry, Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil; Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Claus Jacob
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus B2 1, D-66123, Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Uttam Dhawa
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Solange L de Castro
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21045-900, Brazil
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16
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Teixeira RI, Goulart JS, Corrêa RJ, Garden SJ, Ferreira SB, Netto-Ferreira JC, Ferreira VF, Miro P, Marin ML, Miranda MA, de Lucas NC. A photochemical and theoretical study of the triplet reactivity of furano- and pyrano-1,4-naphthoquionones towards tyrosine and tryptophan derivatives. RSC Adv 2019; 9:13386-13397. [PMID: 35519567 PMCID: PMC9063979 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra01939a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The photochemical reactivity of the triplet state of pyrano- and furano-1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives (1 and 2) has been examined employing nanosecond laser flash photolysis. The quinone triplets were efficiently quenched by l-tryptophan methyl ester hydrochloride, l-tyrosine methyl ester hydrochloride, N-acetyl-l-tryptophan methyl ester and N-acetyl-l-tyrosine methyl ester, substituted phenols and indole (k q ∼109 L mol-1 s-1). For all these quenchers new transients were formed in the quenching process. These were assigned to the corresponding radical pairs that resulted from a coupled electron/proton transfer from the phenols, indole, amino acids, or their esters, to the excited state of the quinone. The proton coupled electron transfer (PCET) mechanism is supported by experimental rate constants, isotopic effects and theoretical calculations. The calculations revealed differences between the hydrogen abstraction reactions of phenol and indole substrates. For the latter, the calculations indicate that electron transfer and proton transfer occur as discrete steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo I Teixeira
- Instituto de Química - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Cidade Universitária RJ Brazil
| | - Juliana S Goulart
- Instituto de Química - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Cidade Universitária RJ Brazil
| | - Rodrigo J Corrêa
- Instituto de Química - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Cidade Universitária RJ Brazil
| | - Simon J Garden
- Instituto de Química - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Cidade Universitária RJ Brazil
| | - Sabrina B Ferreira
- Instituto de Química - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Cidade Universitária RJ Brazil
| | | | - Vitor F Ferreira
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Tecnologia Farmaceûtica Niterói Santa Rosa Brazil
| | - Paula Miro
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Valencia Spain
| | - M Luisa Marin
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Valencia Spain
| | - Miguel A Miranda
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Valencia Spain
| | - Nanci C de Lucas
- Instituto de Química - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Cidade Universitária RJ Brazil
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Garcia Ferreira P, Pereira Borba-Santos L, Noronha LL, Deckman Nicoletti C, de Sá Haddad Queiroz M, de Carvalho da Silva F, Rozental S, Omena Futuro D, Francisco Ferreira V. Synthesis, Stability Studies, and Antifungal Evaluation of Substituted α- and β-2,3-Dihydrofuranaphthoquinones against Sporothrix brasiliensis and Sporothrix schenckii. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24050930. [PMID: 30866442 PMCID: PMC6429059 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24050930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Sporotrichosis is a neglected fungal infection caused by Sporothrix spp., which have a worldwide distribution. The standard antifungal itraconazole has been recommended as a first-line therapy. However, failure cases in human and feline treatment have been reported in recent years. This study aimed to synthesize several α- and β-2,3-dihydrofuranaphthoquinones and evaluate them against Sporothrix schenckii and Sporothrix brasiliensis—the main etiological agents of sporotrichosis in Brazil. The stability of these compounds was also investigated under different storage conditions for 3 months. The samples were removed at 0, 60, and 90 days and assessed by 1H-NMR, and their in vitro antifungal susceptibility was tested. Furthermore, we evaluated the superficial changes caused by the most effective and stable compounds using scanning electron microscopy and determined their effects when combined with itraconazole. Nine dihydrofuranaphthoquinones showed good antifungal activity and stability, with MIC values of 2–32 µM. Compounds 6 and 10 were the most active dihydrofuranaphthoquinones in vitro for both species; in fungi, these compounds induced yeast–hyphae conversion and alteration in the hyphae and conidia structures. Compound 10 also exhibited a synergistic activity with itraconazole against S. schenckii, with a ΣFIC index value of 0.3. Our results indicate that Compounds 6 and 10 are potential candidates for the development of new antifungal agents for the treatment of sporotrichosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Garcia Ferreira
- Departamento de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói-RJ 24241-000, Brazil.
| | - Luana Pereira Borba-Santos
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular de Fungos, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ-Brazil.
| | - Leticia Lorena Noronha
- Departamento de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói-RJ 24241-000, Brazil.
| | - Caroline Deckman Nicoletti
- Departamento de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói-RJ 24241-000, Brazil.
| | - Marcella de Sá Haddad Queiroz
- Departamento de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói-RJ 24241-000, Brazil.
| | - Fernando de Carvalho da Silva
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói-RJ 24210-141, Brazil.
| | - Sônia Rozental
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular de Fungos, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ-Brazil.
| | - Débora Omena Futuro
- Departamento de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói-RJ 24241-000, Brazil.
| | - Vitor Francisco Ferreira
- Departamento de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói-RJ 24241-000, Brazil.
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18
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Herrera Acevedo C, Scotti L, Alves MF, de F.F.M. Diniz M, Tullius Scotti M. Hybrid Compounds in the Search for Alternative Chemotherapeutic Agents against Neglected Tropical Diseases. LETT ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1570178615666180402123057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) affect more than a billion people worldwide, mainly
populations living in poverty conditions. More than 56% of annual NTD deaths are caused by
Leishmaniasis, Sleeping sickness, and Chagas disease. For these three diseases, many problems have
been observed with the chemotherapeutic drugs commonly used, these being mainly resistance, high
toxicity, and low efficacy. In the search for alternative treatments, hybridization is an interesting approach,
which generates new molecules by merging two pharmacophores and then looking for improvements
in biological activity or reduced compound toxicity. Here, we review various studies that
present such hybrid molecules with promising in vitro and in vivo activities against Leishmania and
Trypanosoma parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chonny Herrera Acevedo
- Post-Graduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraiba, 58051-900 Joao Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Luciana Scotti
- Post-Graduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraiba, 58051-900 Joao Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Mateus F. Alves
- Post-Graduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraiba, 58051-900 Joao Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Margareth de F.F.M. Diniz
- Post-Graduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraiba, 58051-900 Joao Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Marcus Tullius Scotti
- Post-Graduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraiba, 58051-900 Joao Pessoa, PB, Brazil
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Rodrigues T, Werner M, Roth J, da Cruz EHG, Marques MC, Akkapeddi P, Lobo SA, Koeberle A, Corzana F, da Silva Júnior EN, Werz O, Bernardes GJL. Machine intelligence decrypts β-lapachone as an allosteric 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor. Chem Sci 2018; 9:6899-6903. [PMID: 30310622 PMCID: PMC6138237 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc02634c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Using machine learning, targets were identified for β-lapachone.
Using machine learning, targets were identified for β-lapachone. Resorting to biochemical assays, β-lapachone was validated as a potent, ligand efficient, allosteric and reversible modulator of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO). Moreover, we provide a rationale for 5-LO modulation and show that inhibition of 5-LO is relevant for the anticancer activity of β-lapachone. This work demonstrates the power of machine intelligence to deconvolute complex phenotypes, as an alternative and/or complement to chemoproteomics and as a viable general approach for systems pharmacology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Rodrigues
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular , Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa , Av Prof Egaz Moniz , 1649-028 Lisboa , Portugal . ;
| | - Markus Werner
- Institute of Pharmacy , Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena , Philosophenweg 14 , D-07743 , Jena , Germany
| | - Jakob Roth
- Institute of Pharmacy , Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena , Philosophenweg 14 , D-07743 , Jena , Germany
| | - Eduardo H G da Cruz
- Institute of Exact Sciences , Department of Chemistry , Federal University of Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
| | - Marta C Marques
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular , Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa , Av Prof Egaz Moniz , 1649-028 Lisboa , Portugal . ;
| | - Padma Akkapeddi
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular , Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa , Av Prof Egaz Moniz , 1649-028 Lisboa , Portugal . ;
| | - Susana A Lobo
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular , Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa , Av Prof Egaz Moniz , 1649-028 Lisboa , Portugal . ;
| | - Andreas Koeberle
- Institute of Pharmacy , Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena , Philosophenweg 14 , D-07743 , Jena , Germany
| | - Francisco Corzana
- Departamento de Química , Centro de Investigacíon en Síntesis Química , Universidad de la Rioja , 26006 Logroño , Spain
| | - Eufrânio N da Silva Júnior
- Institute of Exact Sciences , Department of Chemistry , Federal University of Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
| | - Oliver Werz
- Institute of Pharmacy , Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena , Philosophenweg 14 , D-07743 , Jena , Germany
| | - Gonçalo J L Bernardes
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular , Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa , Av Prof Egaz Moniz , 1649-028 Lisboa , Portugal . ; .,Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , CB2 1EW Cambridge , UK .
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20
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Futuro DO, Ferreira PG, Nicoletti CD, Borba-Santos LP, Silva FCDA, Rozental S, Ferreira VF. The Antifungal Activity of Naphthoquinones: An Integrative Review. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2018; 90:1187-1214. [PMID: 29873671 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201820170815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Naphthoquinones are the most commonly occurring type of quinones in nature. They are a diverse family of secondary metabolites that occur naturally in plants, lichens and various microorganisms. This subgroup is constantly being expanded through the discovery of new natural products and by the synthesis of new compounds via innovative techniques. Interest in quinones and the search for new biological activities within the members of this class have intensified in recent years, as evidenced by the evaluation of the potential antimicrobial activities of quinones. Among fungi of medical interest, yeasts of the genus Candida are of extreme importance due to their high frequency of colonization and infection in humans. The objective of this review is to describe the development of naphthoquinones as antifungals for the treatment of Candida species and to note the most promising compounds. By using certain criteria for selection of publications, 68 reports involving both synthetic and natural naphthoquinones are discussed. The activities of a large number of substances were evaluated against Candida albicans as well as against 7 other species of the genus Candida. The results discussed in this review allowed the identification of 30 naphthoquinones with higher antifungal activities than those of the currently used drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora O Futuro
- Departamento de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Patricia G Ferreira
- PPGCAPS, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Caroline D Nicoletti
- PPGCAPS, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luana P Borba-Santos
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fernando C DA Silva
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sonia Rozental
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Vitor Francisco Ferreira
- Departamento de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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21
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Ogata T, Kimachi T. Construction of Cyclic Ether-Fused Tricyclic Naphthoquinone Derivatives by Intramolecular Cyclization Reaction. HETEROCYCLES 2018. [DOI: 10.3987/rev-18-sr(t)2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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22
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FUTURO DÉBORAO, FERREIRA PATRICIAG, NICOLETTI CAROLINED, BORBA-SANTOS LUANAP, SILVA FERNANDOCDA, ROZENTAL SONIA, FERREIRA VITORFRANCISCO. The Antifungal Activity of Naphthoquinones: An Integrative Review. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201820170815 pmid: 29873671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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23
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Hamama WS, Hassanien AE, Zoorob HH. Concise Synthesis and Pharmacological Applications of New α-Lapachone Analogues. J Heterocycl Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa S. Hamama
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science; Mansoura University; El-Gomhoria Street ET-35516 Mansoura Egypt
| | - Alaa E. Hassanien
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science; Mansoura University; El-Gomhoria Street ET-35516 Mansoura Egypt
| | - Hanafi H. Zoorob
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science; Mansoura University; El-Gomhoria Street ET-35516 Mansoura Egypt
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24
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On the synthesis of quinone-based BODIPY hybrids: New insights on antitumor activity and mechanism of action in cancer cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:4446-4456. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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25
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Effects of (1 E,4 E)-2-Methyl-1,5-bis(4-nitrophenyl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one on Trypanosoma cruzi and Its Combinational Effect with Benznidazole, Ketoconazole, or Fluconazole. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:7254193. [PMID: 28620619 PMCID: PMC5460392 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7254193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the activity induced by (1E,4E)-2-methyl-1,5-bis(4-nitrophenyl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one (A3K2A3) against Trypanosoma cruzi. This compound showed trypanocidal activity against the multiplicative epimastigote and amastigote forms of this protozoan, with IC50 values of 1.99 ± 0.17 and 1.20 ± 0.16 μM, respectively, and EC50 value of 15.57 ± 0.34 μM against trypomastigotes. The combination of A3K2A3 with benznidazole or ketoconazole demonstrated strong synergism, increasing effectiveness against trypomastigotes or epimastigotes of T. cruzi. In addition, the drug combination of A3K2A3 with benznidazole or ketoconazole on LLCMK2 cells demonstrated an antagonist effect, which resulted in greater protection of the cells from drug damage. The combination of the compound with fluconazole was not effective. Transmission and scanning electron micrographs showed changes on parasites, mainly in the cytoplasmatic membrane, nucleus, mitochondrion, and Golgi complex, and a large increase in the number of autophagosome-like structures and lipid-storage bodies, accompanied by volume reduction and rounding of the parasite. A3K2A3 might be a promising compound against T. cruzi.
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Cardoso MFDC, Gomes ATPC, Moreira CDS, Simões MMQ, Neves MGPMS, da Rocha DR, da Silva FDC, Moreirinha C, Almeida A, Ferreira VF, Cavaleiro JAS. Efficient Catalytic Oxidation of 3-Arylthio- and 3-Cyclohexylthio-lapachone Derivatives to New Sulfonyl Derivatives and Evaluation of Their Antibacterial Activities. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22020302. [PMID: 28212345 PMCID: PMC6155948 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22020302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
New sulfonyl-lapachones were efficiently obtained through the catalytic oxidation of arylthio- and cyclohexylthio-lapachone derivatives with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a Mn(III) porphyrin complex. The antibacterial activities of the non-oxidized and oxidized lapachone derivatives against the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus were evaluated after their incorporation into polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) micelles. The obtained results show that the PVP-formulations of the lapachones 4b–g and of the sulfonyl-lapachones 7e and 7g reduced the growth of S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana F do C Cardoso
- Department of Chemistry and QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal.
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24020-150, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Ana T P C Gomes
- Department of Chemistry and QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal.
| | - Caroline Dos S Moreira
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24020-150, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Mário M Q Simões
- Department of Chemistry and QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal.
| | - Maria G P M S Neves
- Department of Chemistry and QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal.
| | - David R da Rocha
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24020-150, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Fernando de C da Silva
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24020-150, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Catarina Moreirinha
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal.
| | - Adelaide Almeida
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal.
| | - Vitor F Ferreira
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24020-150, RJ, Brazil.
| | - José A S Cavaleiro
- Department of Chemistry and QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal.
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Slabko OY, Ageenko NV, Denisenko VA, Kaminskii VA. 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of diazomethane to quinoid derivatives of pyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazole. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428017020154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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28
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de Souza CM, Silva RC, Fernandes PO, de Souza Filho JD, Duarte HA, Araujo MH, de Simone CA, de Castro SL, Menna-Barreto RFS, Demicheli CP, da Silva Júnior EN. Cyclometalated ruthenium complexes from naturally occurring quinones: studies on their photophysical features, computational details and trypanocidal activity. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj00379j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ligands and Ru(ii)-based complexes were synthesized from natural products and evaluated againstT. cruzi. These compounds could provide promising trypanocidal drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clayton M. de Souza
- Institute of Exact Sciences
- Department of Chemistry
- Federal University of Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte
- Brazil
| | - Rafaela C. Silva
- Institute of Exact Sciences
- Department of Chemistry
- Federal University of Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte
- Brazil
| | - Philipe O. Fernandes
- Institute of Exact Sciences
- Department of Chemistry
- Federal University of Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte
- Brazil
| | - José D. de Souza Filho
- Institute of Exact Sciences
- Department of Chemistry
- Federal University of Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte
- Brazil
| | - Hélio A. Duarte
- Institute of Exact Sciences
- Department of Chemistry
- Federal University of Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte
- Brazil
| | - Maria H. Araujo
- Institute of Exact Sciences
- Department of Chemistry
- Federal University of Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte
- Brazil
| | - Carlos A. de Simone
- Institute of Physics
- Department of Physics and Informatics
- University of São Paulo
- São Carlos
- Brazil
| | | | | | - Cynthia P. Demicheli
- Institute of Exact Sciences
- Department of Chemistry
- Federal University of Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte
- Brazil
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Dos Anjos DO, Sobral Alves ES, Gonçalves VT, Fontes SS, Nogueira ML, Suarez-Fontes AM, Neves da Costa JB, Rios-Santos F, Vannier-Santos MA. Effects of a novel β-lapachone derivative on Trypanosoma cruzi: Parasite death involving apoptosis, autophagy and necrosis. Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist 2016; 6:207-219. [PMID: 27770751 PMCID: PMC5078628 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Natural products comprise valuable sources for new antiparasitic drugs. Here we tested the effects of a novel β-lapachone derivative on Trypanosoma cruzi parasite survival and proliferation and used microscopy and cytometry techniques to approach the mechanism(s) underlying parasite death. The selectivity index determination indicate that the compound trypanocidal activity was over ten-fold more cytotoxic to epimastigotes than to macrophages or splenocytes. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that the R72 β-lapachone derivative affected the T. cruzi morphology and surface topography. General plasma membrane waving and blebbing particularly on the cytostome region were observed in the R72-treated parasites. Transmission electron microscopy observations confirmed the surface damage at the cytostome opening vicinity. We also observed ultrastructural evidence of the autophagic mechanism termed macroautophagy. Some of the autophagosomes involved large portions of the parasite cytoplasm and their fusion/confluence may lead to necrotic parasite death. The remarkably enhanced frequency of autophagy triggering was confirmed by quantitating monodansylcadaverine labeling. Some cells displayed evidence of chromatin pycnosis and nuclear fragmentation were detected. This latter phenomenon was also indicated by DAPI staining of R72-treated cells. The apoptotis induction was suggested to take place in circa one-third of the parasites assessed by annexin V labeling measured by flow cytometry. TUNEL staining corroborated the apoptosis induction. Propidium iodide labeling indicate that at least 10% of the R72-treated parasites suffered necrosis within 24 h. The present data indicate that the β-lapachone derivative R72 selectively triggers T. cruzi cell death, involving both apoptosis and autophagy-induced necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Oliveira Dos Anjos
- Lab. Biologia Parasitária, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - FIOCRUZ, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz UESC, Brazil
| | | | | | - Sheila Suarez Fontes
- Lab. Biologia Parasitária, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - FIOCRUZ, Brazil
| | - Mateus Lima Nogueira
- Lab. Biologia Parasitária, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - FIOCRUZ, Brazil
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30
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da Cruz EHG, Silvers MA, Jardim GAM, Resende JM, Cavalcanti BC, Bomfim IS, Pessoa C, de Simone CA, Botteselle GV, Braga AL, Nair DK, Namboothiri INN, Boothman DA, da Silva Júnior EN. Synthesis and antitumor activity of selenium-containing quinone-based triazoles possessing two redox centres, and their mechanistic insights. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 122:1-16. [PMID: 27341379 PMCID: PMC5003678 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/11/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Selenium-containing quinone-based 1,2,3-triazoles were synthesized using click chemistry, the copper catalyzed azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition, and evaluated against six types of cancer cell lines: HL-60 (human promyelocytic leukemia cells), HCT-116 (human colon carcinoma cells), PC3 (human prostate cells), SF295 (human glioblastoma cells), MDA-MB-435 (melanoma cells) and OVCAR-8 (human ovarian carcinoma cells). Some compounds showed IC50 values < 0.3 μM. The cytotoxic potential of the quinones evaluated was also assayed using non-tumor cells, exemplified by peripheral blood mononuclear (PBMC), V79 and L929 cells. Mechanistic role for NAD(P)H Quinone Oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) was also elucidated. These compounds could provide promising new lead derivatives for more potent anticancer drug development and delivery, and represent one of the most active classes of lapachones reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo H G da Cruz
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Molly A Silvers
- Departments of Pharmacology and Radiation Oncology, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6001 Forest Park Road, Dallas, TX, 75390-8807, USA
| | - Guilherme A M Jardim
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Jarbas M Resende
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Bruno C Cavalcanti
- National Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, CEP 60180-900, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Igor S Bomfim
- National Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, CEP 60180-900, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Claudia Pessoa
- National Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, CEP 60180-900, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Fiocruz-Ceará, CEP 60180-900, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Carlos A de Simone
- Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, 13560-160, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Giancarlo V Botteselle
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Antonio L Braga
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Divya K Nair
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400 076, India
| | | | - David A Boothman
- Departments of Pharmacology and Radiation Oncology, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6001 Forest Park Road, Dallas, TX, 75390-8807, USA
| | - Eufrânio N da Silva Júnior
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Nelson R, Kesternich V, Pérez-Fehrmann M, Jaldin S, Marcourt L, Christen P. Regiospecific Synthesis of 1,4,5-Trisubstituted 1,2,3-Triazoles via Enolate–Azide Cycloaddition between 1,3-Dicarbonyl Compounds and Aryl Azides. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.3184/174751916x14656662266973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A cycloaddition reaction at room temperature between aryl azides and 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds in the presence of potassium carbonate in dimethylsulphoxide yielded 10 4-ethoxycarbonyl-1-aryl-5-methyl-1 H-1,2,3-triazoles and seven other closely-related compounds. The 1,2,3-triazoles, nine of which are new, were obtained in good to high yields and only the 1,4-regioisomers were formed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Nelson
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Víctor Kesternich
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Marcia Pérez-Fehrmann
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Sally Jaldin
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Laurence Marcourt
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Christen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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32
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Carneiro PF, Pinto MCRF, Marra RKF, da Silva FDC, Resende JALC, Rocha E Silva LF, Alves HG, Barbosa GS, de Vasconcellos MC, Lima ES, Pohlit AM, Ferreira VF. Synthesis and antimalarial activity of quinones and structurally-related oxirane derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 108:134-140. [PMID: 26638044 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A series of eighteen quinones and structurally-related oxiranes were synthesized and evaluated for in vitro inhibitory activity against the chloroquine-sensitive 3D7 clone of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. 2-amino and 2-allyloxynaphthoquinones exhibited important antiplasmodial activity (median inhibitory concentrations (IC50) < 10 μM). Oxiranes 6 and 25, prepared respectively by reaction of α-lapachone and tetrachloro-p-quinone with diazomethane in a mixture of ether and ethanol, exhibited the highest antiplasmodial activity and low cytotoxicity against human fibroblasts (MCR-5 cell line). The active compounds could represent a good prototype for an antimalarial lead molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula F Carneiro
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, 21944-970 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria C R F Pinto
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, 21944-970 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Roberta K F Marra
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, 24020-150 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fernando de C da Silva
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, 24020-150 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jackson A L C Resende
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Inorgânica, 24020-150 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luiz F Rocha E Silva
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Laboratório de Princípios Ativos da Amazônia, Av. André Araújo, 2936 Manaus, Brazil
| | - Hilkem G Alves
- Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, 69010-300 Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Gleyce S Barbosa
- Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, 69010-300 Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Marne C de Vasconcellos
- Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, 69010-300 Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Emerson S Lima
- Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, 69010-300 Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Adrian M Pohlit
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Laboratório de Princípios Ativos da Amazônia, Av. André Araújo, 2936 Manaus, Brazil
| | - Vitor F Ferreira
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, 24020-150 Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
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Del Rio KP, de Moura KCG, Pinto MDCFR, Leitão GG. Separation of New Naphthoxazole Derivatives of Lapachol by High-Speed Counter-Current Chromatography. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2015.1063505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karina P. Del Rio
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Kelly C. G. de Moura
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria do Carmo F. R. Pinto
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gilda G. Leitão
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Prati F, Bergamini C, Molina MT, Falchi F, Cavalli A, Kaiser M, Brun R, Fato R, Bolognesi ML. 2-Phenoxy-1,4-naphthoquinones: From a Multitarget Antitrypanosomal to a Potential Antitumor Profile. J Med Chem 2015; 58:6422-34. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Prati
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Christian Bergamini
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Molina
- Instituto de Química Médica (IQM-CSIC), c/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Federico Falchi
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Department
of Drug Discovery and Development, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Andrea Cavalli
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Department
of Drug Discovery and Development, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Marcel Kaiser
- Swiss Tropical & Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz
1, 4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Reto Brun
- Swiss Tropical & Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz
1, 4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Bolognesi
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Synthesis and anti-Trypanosoma cruzi activity of new 3‐phenylthio-nor-β-lapachone derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:4763-4768. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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36
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Jardim GAM, Reis WJ, Ribeiro MF, Ottoni FM, Alves RJ, Silva TL, Goulart MOF, Braga AL, Menna-Barreto RFS, Salomão K, de Castro SL, da Silva Júnior EN. On the investigation of hybrid quinones: synthesis, electrochemical studies and evaluation of trypanocidal activity. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra16213k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Thirty-eight compounds were evaluated against T. cruzi and six were found to be more potent against trypomastigotes than benznidazole.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wallace J. Reis
- Institute of Exact Sciences
- Department of Chemistry
- UFMG
- Belo Horizonte
- Brazil
| | - Matheus F. Ribeiro
- Institute of Exact Sciences
- Department of Chemistry
- UFMG
- Belo Horizonte
- Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kelly Salomão
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology
- IOC
- FIOCRUZ
- Rio de Janeiro
- Brazil
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Armendáriz-Vidales G, Hernández-Muñoz LS, González FJ, de Souza AA, de Abreu FC, Jardim GAM, da Silva EN, Goulart MOF, Frontana C. Nature of electrogenerated intermediates in nitro-substituted nor-β-lapachones: the structure of radical species during successive electron transfer in multiredox centers. J Org Chem 2014; 79:5201-8. [PMID: 24783985 DOI: 10.1021/jo500787q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical, spectroelectrochemical, and theoretical studies of the reduction reactions in nor-β-lapachone derivatives including a nitro redox center showed that reduction of the compounds involves the formation of several radical intermediates, including a biradical dianion resultant from the separate reduction of the quinone and nitro groups in the molecules. Theoretical descriptions of the corresponding Fukui functions f(αα)⁺ and f(ββ)⁺(r) and LUMO densities considering finite differences and frozen core approximations for describing the changes in electron and spin densities of the system allowed us to confirm these results. A description of the potential relationship with the obtained results and biological activity selectivity indexes suggests that both the formation of stable biradical dianion species and the stability of the semiquinone intermediates during further reduction are determining factors in the description of their biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina Armendáriz-Vidales
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Electroquímica , S.C., Parque Tecnológico Querétaro Sanfandila, 76703 Pedro Escobedo, Querétaro Mexico
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1,2,3-Triazole-, arylamino- and thio-substituted 1,4-naphthoquinones: Potent antitumor activity, electrochemical aspects, and bioisosteric replacement of C-ring-modified lapachones. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:1608-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Ferreira FDR, Ferreira SB, Araújo AJ, Marinho Filho JDB, Pessoa C, Moraes MO, Costa-Lotufo LV, Montenegro RC, da Silva FDC, Ferreira VF, da Costa JG, de Abreu FC, Goulart MOF. Arylated α- and β-dihydrofuran naphthoquinones: Electrochemical parameters, evaluation of antitumor activity and their correlation. Electrochim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.04.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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de Castro SL, Emery FS, da Silva Júnior EN. Synthesis of quinoidal molecules: strategies towards bioactive compounds with an emphasis on lapachones. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 69:678-700. [PMID: 24095760 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.07.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2013] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Naphthoquinoidal compounds are of great interest in medicinal chemistry. In recent years, several synthetic routes have been developed to obtain bioactive molecules derived from lapachones. In this mini-review, we focus on the synthetic aspects and strategies used to design these compounds and on the biological activities of these substances for the development of drugs against the neglected diseases leishmaniasis and Chagas disease as well as malaria, tuberculosis and cancer. Three strategies used to develop bioactive naphthoquinoidal compounds are discussed: (i) C-ring modification, (ii) redox centre modification and (iii) A-ring modification. Among these strategies, reactions such as copper-catalysed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (click chemistry), palladium-catalysed cross couplings, and heterocyclisations will be discussed for the development of naphthoquinoidal compounds against Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania and cancer. The aim of derivatisation is the generation of novel molecules that inhibit cellular organelles/processes, generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increase lipophilicity to enhance penetration through the plasma membrane. Modified lapachones have emerged as promising prototypes for the development of drugs against neglected diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solange L de Castro
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, 21045-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Diogo EBT, Dias GG, Rodrigues BL, Guimarães TT, Valença WO, Camara CA, de Oliveira RN, da Silva MG, Ferreira VF, de Paiva YG, Goulart MOF, Menna-Barreto RFS, de Castro SL, da Silva Júnior EN. Synthesis and anti-Trypanosoma cruzi activity of naphthoquinone-containing triazoles: electrochemical studies on the effects of the quinoidal moiety. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:6337-48. [PMID: 24074878 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.08.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2013] [Revised: 08/18/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
In our continued search for novel trypanocidal compounds, twenty-six derivatives of para- and ortho-naphthoquinones coupled to 1,2,3-triazoles were synthesized. These compounds were evaluated against the infective bloodstream form of Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas disease. Compounds 17-24, 28-30 and 36-38 are described herein for the first time. Three of these novel compounds (28-30) were found to be more potent than the standard drug benznidazole, with IC50/24h values between 6.8 and 80.8μM. Analysis of the toxicity to heart muscle cells led to LC50/24h of <125, 63.1 and 281.6μM for 28, 29 and 30, respectively. Displaying a selectivity index of 34.3, compound 30 will be further evaluated in vivo. The electrochemical properties of selected compounds were evaluated in an attempt to find correlations with trypanocidal activity, and it was observed that more electrophilic quinones were generally more potent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilay B T Diogo
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Química, UFMG, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Guimarães TT, Pinto MDCF, Lanza JS, Melo MN, do Monte-Neto RL, de Melo IM, Diogo EB, Ferreira VF, Camara CA, Valença WO, de Oliveira RN, Frézard F, da Silva Júnior EN. Potent naphthoquinones against antimony-sensitive and -resistant Leishmania parasites: Synthesis of novel α- and nor-α-lapachone-based 1,2,3-triazoles by copper-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 63:523-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Revised: 02/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Eyong KO, Puppala M, Kumar PS, Lamshöft M, Folefoc GN, Spiteller M, Baskaran S. A mechanistic study on the Hooker oxidation: synthesis of novel indanecarboxylic acid derivatives from lapachol. Org Biomol Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob26737c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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1,3-Azoles from ortho-naphthoquinones: Synthesis of aryl substituted imidazoles and oxazoles and their potent activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:6482-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2012] [Revised: 08/13/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Parasitic diseases affect hundreds of millions of people worldwide and represent major health problems. Treatment is becoming extremely difficult due to the emergence of drug resistance, the absence of effective vaccines, and the spread of insecticide-resistant vectors. Thus, identification of affordable and readily available drugs against resistant parasites is of global demand. RECENT ADVANCES Susceptibility of many parasites to oxidative stress is a well-known phenomenon. Therefore, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or inhibition of endogenous antioxidant enzymes would be a novel therapeutic approach to develop antiparasitic drugs. This article highlights the unique metabolic pathways along with redox enzymes of unicellular (Plasmodium falciparum, Trypanosoma cruzi, Trypanosoma brucei, Leishmania donovani, Entamoeba histolytica, and Trichomonas vaginalis) and multicellular parasites (Schistosoma mansoni), which could be utilized to promote ROS-mediated toxicity. CRITICAL ISSUES Enzymes involved in various vital redox reactions could be potential targets for drug development. FUTURE DIRECTIONS The identification of redox-active antiparasitic drugs along with their mode of action will help researchers around the world in designing novel drugs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinmay Pal
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
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Carneiro PF, do Nascimento SB, Pinto AV, Pinto MDCFR, Lechuga GC, Santos DO, dos Santos Júnior HM, Resende JALC, Bourguignon SC, Ferreira VF. New oxirane derivatives of 1,4-naphthoquinones and their evaluation against T. cruzi epimastigote forms. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:4995-5000. [PMID: 22795899 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Revised: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 06/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
New oxirane derivatives were synthesized using six naphthoquinones as the starting materials. Our biological results showed that these oxiranes acted as trypanocidal agents against Trypanosoma cruzi with minimal cytotoxicity in the VERO cell line compared to naphthoquinones. In particular, oxirane derivative 14 showed low cytotoxicity in a mammalian cell line and exhibited better activity against epimastigote forms of T.cruzi than the current drug used to treat Chagas disease, benznidazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula F Carneiro
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Núcleo de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, 21944-970 Cidade Universitária, RJ, Brazil
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da Silva EN, de Melo IM, Diogo EB, Costa VA, de Souza Filho JD, Valença WO, Camara CA, de Oliveira RN, de Araujo AS, Emery FS, dos Santos MR, de Simone CA, Menna-Barreto RF, de Castro SL. On the search for potential anti-Trypanosoma cruzi drugs: Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-hydroxy-3-methylamino and 1,2,3-triazolic naphthoquinoidal compounds obtained by click chemistry reactions. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 52:304-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Revised: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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A novel triazolic naphthofuranquinone induces autophagy in reservosomes and impairment of mitosis in Trypanosoma cruzi. Parasitology 2011; 139:26-36. [DOI: 10.1017/s0031182011001612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARYChagas' disease, caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, represents a serious health problem in Latin America, and the available chemotherapy, which is based on 2 nitro-derivatives, is not satisfactory. In folk medicine, natural products including naphthoquinones have been employed for the treatment of different parasitic diseases. In the pursuit of alternative drugs for Chagas' disease, we investigated the mechanism of action of the triazolic naphthoquinone (TN; 2,2-dimethyl-3-(4-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)-2,3-dihydronaphtho[1,2-b]furan-4,5-dione), which is the most active compound against T. cruzi trypomastigotes among a series of naphthofuranquinones. TN was active against the 3 parasite forms producing a dose-dependent inhibitory effect. In epimastigotes, TN induced reservosome disruption, flagellar blebbing, Golgi disorganization, the presence of cytosolic concentric membrane structures and abnormal multiflagellar parasites. The treatment also led to the appearance of well-developed endoplasmic reticulum profiles surrounding organelles that associated with an increase in monodansylcadaverine labelling, suggesting autophagy as part of the TN mechanism of action. Interestingly, no ultrastructural damage was detected in the mitochondria of naphthoquinone-treated epimastigotes. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated an impairment of mitosis, an increase in ROS production and the maintenance of mitochondrial membrane potential. TN could be a good starting point in the investigation of a chemotherapeutic approach for the treatment of Chagas' disease.
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Cavalcanti BC, Barros FWA, Cabral IO, Ferreira JRO, Magalhães HIF, Júnior HVN, da Silva Júnior EN, de Abreu FC, Costa CO, Goulart MOF, Moraes MO, Pessoa C. Preclinical genotoxicology of nor-β-lapachone in human cultured lymphocytes and Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts. Chem Res Toxicol 2011; 24:1560-74. [PMID: 21830773 DOI: 10.1021/tx200180y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nor-β-lapachone has shown several biological properties. Regarding cytotoxic activity against cancer cell lines, it has been recognized as an important prototype. However, quinonoid drugs present a major challenge because of their toxicity. In this study, we evaluated the cytotoxicity and genetic toxicity of nor-β-lapachone in human lymphocytes and HL-60 leukemia cells and murine V79 fibroblasts, to shed some light on its selectivity toward cancer cells. As measured by MTT test, exposure of V79 cells to nor-β-lapachone resulted in a weak cytotoxicity (IC(50) = 13.41 μM), and at a concentration up to 21.9 μM, no cytotoxic effect was observed in lymphocytes, while in HL-60 cells, nor-β-lapachone elicited significantly greater cytotoxicity (IC(50) = 1.89 μM). Cultures coexposed to GSH-OEt showed an increased viability, which may indicate a neutralization of ROS generated by quinonoid treatment. In fact, only the highest concentrations of nor-β-lapachone (10 or 20 μM) caused an increase in oxidative stress in nontumor levels cells as measured by TBARS and nitrite/nitrate detection. This was accompanied by an alteration in intracellular thiol content. However, NAC pre-exposure restored the redox equilibrium of the cells and the concentration of thiol levels to control values. Nor-β-lapachone at 2.5 and 5 μM failed to induce DNA damage in nontumor cells, but at the highest concentrations tested, it induced single and double DNA strand breaks and increased the frequency of chromosomal aberrations. Interestingly, these damages were prevented by NAC pretreatment or exacerbated by prior exposure to the GSH-depleting agent 1-bromoheptane. In electrochemical experiments, nor-β-lapachone at the same concentrations as those used in genotoxic tests did not damage DNA directly, but at the highest concentration tested (200 μM), it caused a very weak DNA interaction. Corroborating electrochemical data, oxidative modifications of DNA bases were observed, as checked by DNA repair enzymes EndoIII and FPG, which reinforced the indirect actions caused by nor-β-lapachone through ROS generation and not via DNA intercalation. The DNA repair capacities were higher for nontumor cells than for leukemia cells, which may be related to the selective cytoxicity of nor-β-lapachone toward cancer cells. Our data suggest that ROS play an important role in nor-β-lapachone toxicity and that its DNA-damaging effect occurs only at concentrations several times higher than that needed for its antiproliferative effect on cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno C Cavalcanti
- National Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.
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de Castro SL, Batista DGJ, Batista MM, Batista W, Daliry A, de Souza EM, Menna-Barreto RFS, Oliveira GM, Salomão K, Silva CF, Silva PB, Soeiro MDNC. Experimental Chemotherapy for Chagas Disease: A Morphological, Biochemical, and Proteomic Overview of Potential Trypanosoma cruzi Targets of Amidines Derivatives and Naphthoquinones. Mol Biol Int 2011; 2011:306928. [PMID: 22091400 PMCID: PMC3195292 DOI: 10.4061/2011/306928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2011] [Revised: 02/25/2011] [Accepted: 03/21/2011] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease (CD), caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, affects approximately eight million individuals in Latin America and is emerging in nonendemic areas due to the globalisation of immigration and nonvectorial transmission routes. Although CD represents an important public health problem, resulting in high morbidity and considerable mortality rates, few investments have been allocated towards developing novel anti-T. cruzi agents. The available therapy for CD is based on two nitro derivatives (benznidazole (Bz) and nifurtimox (Nf)) developed more than four decades ago. Both are far from ideal due to substantial secondary side effects, limited efficacy against different parasite isolates, long-term therapy, and their well-known poor activity in the late chronic phase. These drawbacks justify the urgent need to identify better drugs to treat chagasic patients. Although several classes of natural and synthetic compounds have been reported to act in vitro and in vivo on T. cruzi, since the introduction of Bz and Nf, only a few drugs, such as allopurinol and a few sterol inhibitors, have moved to clinical trials. This reflects, at least in part, the absence of well-established universal protocols to screen and compare drug activity. In addition, a large number of in vitro studies have been conducted using only epimastigotes and trypomastigotes instead of evaluating compounds' activities against intracellular amastigotes, which are the reproductive forms in the vertebrate host and are thus an important determinant in the selection and identification of effective compounds for further in vivo analysis. In addition, due to pharmacokinetics and absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion characteristics, several compounds that were promising in vitro have not been as effective as Nf or Bz in animal models of T. cruzi infection. In the last two decades, our team has collaborated with different medicinal chemistry groups to develop preclinical studies for CD and investigate the in vitro and in vivo efficacy, toxicity, selectivity, and parasite targets of different classes of natural and synthetic compounds. Some of these results will be briefly presented, focusing primarily on diamidines and related compounds and naphthoquinone derivatives that showed the most promising efficacy against T. cruzi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solange L. de Castro
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Denise G. J. Batista
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcos M. Batista
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Wanderson Batista
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Anissa Daliry
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Elen M. de Souza
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rubem F. S. Menna-Barreto
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gabriel M. Oliveira
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Kelly Salomão
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Cristiane F. Silva
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Patricia B. Silva
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria de Nazaré C. Soeiro
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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