1
|
Pincigher L, Valenti F, Bergamini C, Prata C, Fato R, Amorati R, Jin Z, Farruggia G, Fiorentini D, Calonghi N, Zalambani C. Myrcene: A Natural Compound Showing Anticancer Activity in HeLa Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:6728. [PMID: 37764505 PMCID: PMC10537210 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
γ-terpinene, α-terpinene, p-cymene, and myrcene are monoterpenes found in many essential oils extracted from a variety of plants and spices. Myrcene also occurs naturally in plants such as hops, cannabis, lemongrass, and verbena and is used as a flavoring agent in food and beverage manufacturing. In this research, the biological efficacy of γ-terpinene, α-terpinene, p-cymene, and myrcene was studied in human cell lines (HeLa, SH-SY5Y, and HDFa). Cytotoxicity, cell proliferation, cell migration, and morphology assays were performed to obtain detailed information on the anticancer properties. Our results show that myrcene has potential biological activity, especially in HeLa cells. In this cell line, it leads to an arrest of proliferation, a decrease in motility and morphological changes with loss of sphericity and thickness, and DNA damage. In addition, the interaction of γ-terpinene, α-terpinene, p-terpinene, and myrcene with calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA) was studied by UV-visible spectrophotometry. DNA binding experiments show that only myrcene can interact with DNA with an apparent dissociation constant (Kd) of 29 × 10-6 M.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Pincigher
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.P.); (F.V.); (C.B.); (C.P.); (R.F.); (G.F.); (C.Z.)
| | - Francesca Valenti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.P.); (F.V.); (C.B.); (C.P.); (R.F.); (G.F.); (C.Z.)
| | - Christian Bergamini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.P.); (F.V.); (C.B.); (C.P.); (R.F.); (G.F.); (C.Z.)
| | - Cecilia Prata
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.P.); (F.V.); (C.B.); (C.P.); (R.F.); (G.F.); (C.Z.)
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.P.); (F.V.); (C.B.); (C.P.); (R.F.); (G.F.); (C.Z.)
| | - Riccardo Amorati
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via Gobetti 83, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (R.A.); (Z.J.)
| | - Zongxin Jin
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via Gobetti 83, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (R.A.); (Z.J.)
| | - Giovanna Farruggia
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.P.); (F.V.); (C.B.); (C.P.); (R.F.); (G.F.); (C.Z.)
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Via delle Medaglie d’Oro 305, 00136 Rome, Italy
| | - Diana Fiorentini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.P.); (F.V.); (C.B.); (C.P.); (R.F.); (G.F.); (C.Z.)
| | - Natalia Calonghi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.P.); (F.V.); (C.B.); (C.P.); (R.F.); (G.F.); (C.Z.)
| | - Chiara Zalambani
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.P.); (F.V.); (C.B.); (C.P.); (R.F.); (G.F.); (C.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Diquigiovanni C, Rizzardi N, Kampmeier A, Liparulo I, Bianco F, De Nicolo B, Cataldi-Stagetti E, Cuna E, Severi G, Seri M, Bertrand M, Haack TB, Marina AD, Braun F, Fato R, Kuechler A, Bergamini C, Bonora E. Mutant SPART causes defects in mitochondrial protein import and bioenergetics reversed by Coenzyme Q. Open Biol 2023; 13:230040. [PMID: 37433330 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.230040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic variants in SPART cause Troyer syndrome, characterized by lower extremity spasticity and weakness, short stature and cognitive impairment, and a severe mitochondrial impairment. Herein, we report the identification of a role of Spartin in nuclear-encoded mitochondrial proteins. SPART biallelic missense variants were detected in a 5-year-old boy with short stature, developmental delay and muscle weakness with impaired walking distance. Patient-derived fibroblasts showed an altered mitochondrial network, decreased mitochondrial respiration, increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and altered Ca2+ versus control cells. We investigated the mitochondrial import of nuclear-encoded proteins in these fibroblasts and in another cell model carrying a SPART loss-of-function mutation. In both cell models the mitochondrial import was impaired, leading to a significant decrease in different proteins, including two key enzymes involved in CoQ10 (CoQ) synthesis, COQ7 and COQ9, with a severe reduction in CoQ content, versus control cells. CoQ supplementation restored cellular ATP levels to the same extent shown by the re-expression of wild-type SPART, suggesting CoQ treatment as a promising therapeutic approach for patients carrying mutations in SPART.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Diquigiovanni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Nicola Rizzardi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Antje Kampmeier
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen 45122, Germany
| | - Irene Liparulo
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Francesca Bianco
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40064, Italy
| | - Bianca De Nicolo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Erica Cataldi-Stagetti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Cuna
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Giulia Severi
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Marco Seri
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Miriam Bertrand
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Tobias B Haack
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
- Center for Rare Diseases, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Adela Della Marina
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Centre for Neuromuscular Disorders, Centre for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen 45122, Germany
| | - Frederik Braun
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Centre for Neuromuscular Disorders, Centre for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen 45122, Germany
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Alma Kuechler
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen 45122, Germany
| | - Christian Bergamini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Elena Bonora
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zalambani C, Rizzardi N, Marziali G, Foschi C, Morselli S, Djusse ME, Naldi M, Fato R, Calonghi N, Marangoni A. Role of D(-)-Lactic Acid in Prevention of Chlamydia trachomatis Infection in an In Vitro Model of HeLa Cells. Pathogens 2023; 12:883. [PMID: 37513730 PMCID: PMC10383594 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12070883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A vaginal microbiota dominated by certain Lactobacillus species may have a protective effect against Chlamydia trachomatis infection. One of the key antimicrobial compounds produced is lactic acid, which is believed to play a central role in host defense. Lactobacillus strains producing the D(-)-lactic acid isomer are known to exert stronger protection. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this antimicrobial action are not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of D(-)-lactic acid isomer in the prevention of C. trachomatis infection in an in vitro HeLa cell model. We selected two strains of lactobacilli belonging to different species: a vaginal isolate of Lactobacillus crispatus that releases both D(-) and L(+) isomers and a strain of Lactobacillus reuteri that produces only the L(+) isomer. Initially, we demonstrated that L. crispatus was significantly more effective than L. reuteri in reducing C. trachomatis infectivity. A different pattern of histone acetylation and lactylation was observed when HeLa cells were pretreated for 24 h with supernatants of Lactobacillus crispatus or L. reuteri, resulting in different transcription of genes such as CCND1, CDKN1A, ITAG5 and HER-1. Similarly, distinct transcription patterns were found in HeLa cells treated with 10 mM D(-)- or L(+)-lactic acid isomers. Our findings suggest that D(-) lactic acid significantly affects two non-exclusive mechanisms involved in C. trachomatis infection: regulation of the cell cycle and expression of EGFR and α5β1-integrin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Zalambani
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicola Rizzardi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giacomo Marziali
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Foschi
- Microbiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Microbiology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sara Morselli
- Microbiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marielle Ezekielle Djusse
- Microbiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marina Naldi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Natalia Calonghi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonella Marangoni
- Microbiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bergamini C, Leoni I, Rizzardi N, Melli M, Galvani G, Coada CA, Giovannini C, Monti E, Liparulo I, Valenti F, Ferracin M, Ravaioli M, Cescon M, Vasuri F, Piscaglia F, Negrini M, Stefanelli C, Fato R, Gramantieri L, Fornari F. MiR-494 induces metabolic changes through G6pc targeting and modulates sorafenib response in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:145. [PMID: 37301960 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02718-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic reprogramming is a well-known marker of cancer, and it represents an early event during hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. The recent approval of several molecular targeted agents has revolutionized the management of advanced HCC patients. Nevertheless, the lack of circulating biomarkers still affects patient stratification to tailored treatments. In this context, there is an urgent need for biomarkers to aid treatment choice and for novel and more effective therapeutic combinations to avoid the development of drug-resistant phenotypes. This study aims to prove the involvement of miR-494 in metabolic reprogramming of HCC, to identify novel miRNA-based therapeutic combinations and to evaluate miR-494 potential as a circulating biomarker. METHODS Bioinformatics analysis identified miR-494 metabolic targets. QPCR analysis of glucose 6-phosphatase catalytic subunit (G6pc) was performed in HCC patients and preclinical models. Functional analysis and metabolic assays assessed G6pc targeting and miR-494 involvement in metabolic changes, mitochondrial dysfunction, and ROS production in HCC cells. Live-imaging analysis evaluated the effects of miR-494/G6pc axis in cell growth of HCC cells under stressful conditions. Circulating miR-494 levels were assayed in sorafenib-treated HCC patients and DEN-HCC rats. RESULTS MiR-494 induced the metabolic shift of HCC cells toward a glycolytic phenotype through G6pc targeting and HIF-1A pathway activation. MiR-494/G6pc axis played an active role in metabolic plasticity of cancer cells, leading to glycogen and lipid droplets accumulation that favored cell survival under harsh environmental conditions. High miR-494 serum levels associated with sorafenib resistance in preclinical models and in a preliminary cohort of HCC patients. An enhanced anticancer effect was observed for treatment combinations between antagomiR-494 and sorafenib or 2-deoxy-glucose in HCC cells. CONCLUSIONS MiR-494/G6pc axis is critical for the metabolic rewiring of cancer cells and associates with poor prognosis. MiR-494 deserves attention as a candidate biomarker of likelihood of response to sorafenib to be tested in future validation studies. MiR-494 represents a promising therapeutic target for combination strategies with sorafenib or metabolic interference molecules for the treatment of HCC patients who are ineligible for immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bergamini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ilaria Leoni
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research - CRBA, University of Bologna, Policlinico di Sant'Orsola, 40138, Bologna, Italy
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47921, Rimini, Italy
| | - Nicola Rizzardi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mattia Melli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Galvani
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research - CRBA, University of Bologna, Policlinico di Sant'Orsola, 40138, Bologna, Italy
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47921, Rimini, Italy
| | | | - Catia Giovannini
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research - CRBA, University of Bologna, Policlinico di Sant'Orsola, 40138, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Monti
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research - CRBA, University of Bologna, Policlinico di Sant'Orsola, 40138, Bologna, Italy
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47921, Rimini, Italy
| | - Irene Liparulo
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Valenti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Ferracin
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Matteo Ravaioli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
- Hepato-biliary Surgery and Transplant Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Matteo Cescon
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
- Hepato-biliary Surgery and Transplant Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Vasuri
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabio Piscaglia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergic Diseases, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Massarenti, 9, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Massimo Negrini
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44100, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Claudio Stefanelli
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47921, Rimini, Italy
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Gramantieri
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergic Diseases, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Massarenti, 9, 40138, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Francesca Fornari
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research - CRBA, University of Bologna, Policlinico di Sant'Orsola, 40138, Bologna, Italy.
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47921, Rimini, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pallotti F, Bergamini C, Lamperti C, Fato R. The Roles of Coenzyme Q in Disease: Direct and Indirect Involvement in Cellular Functions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:128. [PMID: 35008564 PMCID: PMC8745647 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is a key component of the respiratory chain of all eukaryotic cells. Its function is closely related to mitochondrial respiration, where it acts as an electron transporter. However, the cellular functions of coenzyme Q are multiple: it is present in all cell membranes, limiting the toxic effect of free radicals, it is a component of LDL, it is involved in the aging process, and its deficiency is linked to several diseases. Recently, it has been proposed that coenzyme Q contributes to suppressing ferroptosis, a type of iron-dependent programmed cell death characterized by lipid peroxidation. In this review, we report the latest hypotheses and theories analyzing the multiple functions of coenzyme Q. The complete knowledge of the various cellular CoQ functions is essential to provide a rational basis for its possible therapeutic use, not only in diseases characterized by primary CoQ deficiency, but also in large number of diseases in which its secondary deficiency has been found.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Pallotti
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università Degli Studi dell’Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
- SSD Laboratorio Analisi-SMEL Specializzato in Citogenetica e Genetica Medica, ASST Settelaghi-Ospedale di Circolo-Fondazione Macchi, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Christian Bergamini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie, FABIT, Università Degli Studi di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Costanza Lamperti
- UO Genetica Medica e Neurogenetica Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Romana Fato
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie, FABIT, Università Degli Studi di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rizzardi N, Liparulo I, Antonelli G, Orsini F, Riva A, Bergamini C, Fato R. Coenzyme Q10 Phytosome Formulation Improves CoQ10 Bioavailability and Mitochondrial Functionality in Cultured Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10060927. [PMID: 34200321 PMCID: PMC8226950 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a lipid-soluble molecule with a dual role: it transfers electrons in the mitochondrial transport chain by promoting the transmembrane potential exploited by the ATPase to synthesize ATP and, in its reduced form, is a membrane antioxidant. Since the high CoQ10 hydrophobicity hinders its bioavailability, several formulations have been developed to facilitate its cellular uptake. In this work, we studied the bioenergetic and antioxidant effects in I407 and H9c2 cells of a CoQ10 phytosome formulation (UBIQSOME®, UBQ). We investigated the cellular and mitochondrial content of CoQ10 and its redox state after incubation with UBQ. We studied different bioenergetic parameters, such as oxygen consumption, ATP content and mitochondrial potential. Moreover, we evaluated the effects of CoQ10 incubation on oxidative stress, membrane lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis and highlighted the connection between the intracellular concentration of CoQ10 and its antioxidant potency. Finally, we focused on the cellular mechanism that regulates UBQ internalization. We showed that the cell lines used in this work share the same uptake mechanism for UBQ, although the intestinal cell line was less efficient. Given the limitations of an in vitro model, the latter result supports that intestinal absorption is a critical step for the oral administration of Coenzyme Q10 formulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Rizzardi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, FABIT, University of Bologna, 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (N.R.); (I.L.); (G.A.); (R.F.)
| | - Irene Liparulo
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, FABIT, University of Bologna, 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (N.R.); (I.L.); (G.A.); (R.F.)
| | - Giorgia Antonelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, FABIT, University of Bologna, 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (N.R.); (I.L.); (G.A.); (R.F.)
| | | | - Antonella Riva
- Indena SpA, Viale Ortles, 20139 Milan, Italy; (F.O.); (A.R.)
| | - Christian Bergamini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, FABIT, University of Bologna, 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (N.R.); (I.L.); (G.A.); (R.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-051-209-1240
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, FABIT, University of Bologna, 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (N.R.); (I.L.); (G.A.); (R.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bonora E, Chakrabarty S, Kellaris G, Tsutsumi M, Bianco F, Bergamini C, Ullah F, Isidori F, Liparulo I, Diquigiovanni C, Masin L, Rizzardi N, Cratere MG, Boschetti E, Papa V, Maresca A, Cenacchi G, Casadio R, Martelli P, Matera I, Ceccherini I, Fato R, Raiola G, Arrigo S, Signa S, Sementa AR, Severino M, Striano P, Fiorillo C, Goto T, Uchino S, Oyazato Y, Nakamura H, Mishra SK, Yeh YS, Kato T, Nozu K, Tanboon J, Morioka I, Nishino I, Toda T, Goto YI, Ohtake A, Kosaki K, Yamaguchi Y, Nonaka I, Iijima K, Mimaki M, Kurahashi H, Raams A, MacInnes A, Alders M, Engelen M, Linthorst G, de Koning T, den Dunnen W, Dijkstra G, van Spaendonck K, van Gent DC, Aronica EM, Picco P, Carelli V, Seri M, Katsanis N, Duijkers FAM, Taniguchi-Ikeda M, De Giorgio R. Biallelic variants in LIG3 cause a novel mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy. Brain 2021; 144:1451-1466. [PMID: 33855352 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal gut motility is a feature of several mitochondrial encephalomyopathies, and mutations in genes such as TYMP and POLG, have been linked to these rare diseases. The human genome encodes three DNA ligases, of which only one, ligase III (LIG3), has a mitochondrial splice variant and is crucial for mitochondrial health. We investigated the effect of reduced LIG3 activity and resulting mitochondrial dysfunction in seven patients from three independent families, who showed the common occurrence of gut dysmotility and neurological manifestations reminiscent of mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy. DNA from these patients was subjected to whole exome sequencing. In all patients, compound heterozygous variants in a new disease gene, LIG3, were identified. All variants were predicted to have a damaging effect on the protein. The LIG3 gene encodes the only mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) ligase and therefore plays a pivotal role in mtDNA repair and replication. In vitro assays in patient-derived cells showed a decrease in LIG3 protein levels and ligase activity. We demonstrated that the LIG3 gene defects affect mtDNA maintenance, leading to mtDNA depletion without the accumulation of multiple deletions as observed in other mitochondrial disorders. This mitochondrial dysfunction is likely to cause the phenotypes observed in these patients. The most prominent and consistent clinical signs were severe gut dysmotility and neurological abnormalities, including leukoencephalopathy, epilepsy, migraine, stroke-like episodes, and neurogenic bladder. A decrease in the number of myenteric neurons, and increased fibrosis and elastin levels were the most prominent changes in the gut. Cytochrome c oxidase (COX) deficient fibres in skeletal muscle were also observed. Disruption of lig3 in zebrafish reproduced the brain alterations and impaired gut transit in vivo. In conclusion, we identified variants in the LIG3 gene that result in a mitochondrial disease characterized by predominant gut dysmotility, encephalopathy, and neuromuscular abnormalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Bonora
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, 40138, Italy
| | - Sanjiban Chakrabarty
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, 3000 CA, The Netherlands
| | - Georgios Kellaris
- Center for Human Disease Modeling, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Makiko Tsutsumi
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Francesca Bianco
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, 40138, Italy
| | - Christian Bergamini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Farid Ullah
- Center for Human Disease Modeling, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Federica Isidori
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, 40138, Italy
| | - Irene Liparulo
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Chiara Diquigiovanni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, 40138, Italy
| | - Luca Masin
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Nicola Rizzardi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Mariapia Giuditta Cratere
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, 40138, Italy.,Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, 20132, Italy
| | - Elisa Boschetti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, 40138, Italy
| | - Valentina Papa
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, 40123, Italy
| | - Alessandra Maresca
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, 40139, Italy
| | - Giovanna Cenacchi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, 40123, Italy
| | - Rita Casadio
- Biocomputing Group, Department of Biological, Geological, Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Martelli
- Biocomputing Group, Department of Biological, Geological, Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Ivana Matera
- IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, 16128, Italy
| | | | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Raiola
- Department of Paediatrics, Pugliese-Ciaccio Hospital, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy
| | - Serena Arrigo
- IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, 16128, Italy
| | - Sara Signa
- IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, 16128, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Tsuyoshi Goto
- Laboratory of Molecular Function of Food, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Uji, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shumpei Uchino
- Department of Pediatrics, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Oyazato
- Department of Pediatrics, Kakogawa Central City Hospital, Kakogawa, Hyogo, 675-8611, Japan
| | - Hisayoshi Nakamura
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan
| | - Sushil K Mishra
- Glycoscience Group, National University of Ireland, Galway, H91 CF50, Ireland
| | - Yu-Sheng Yeh
- Laboratory of Molecular Function of Food, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Uji, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Takema Kato
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Kandai Nozu
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Jantima Tanboon
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan
| | - Ichiro Morioka
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Ichizo Nishino
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan
| | - Tatsushi Toda
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yu-Ichi Goto
- Department of Mental Retardation and Birth Defect Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan
| | - Akira Ohtake
- Department of Pediatrics & Clinical Genomics, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, 350-0495, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Kosaki
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Physical Chemistry, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Miyagi, 981-8558, Japan
| | - Ikuya Nonaka
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan
| | - Kazumoto Iijima
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Masakazu Mimaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kurahashi
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Anja Raams
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, 3000 CA, The Netherlands
| | - Alyson MacInnes
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1100 DD, The Netherlands
| | - Mariel Alders
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1100 DD, The Netherlands
| | - Marc Engelen
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1100 DD, The Netherlands
| | - Gabor Linthorst
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1100 DD, The Netherlands
| | - Tom de Koning
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, UMCG, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | | | - Gerard Dijkstra
- Department of Gastroenterology, UMCG, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Karin van Spaendonck
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1100 DD, The Netherlands
| | - Dik C van Gent
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, 3000 CA, The Netherlands
| | - Eleonora M Aronica
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1100 DD, The Netherlands
| | - Paolo Picco
- IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, 16128, Italy
| | - Valerio Carelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, 40123, Italy.,IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, 40139, Italy
| | - Marco Seri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, 40138, Italy
| | - Nicholas Katsanis
- Center for Human Disease Modeling, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Floor A M Duijkers
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1100 DD, The Netherlands
| | - Mariko Taniguchi-Ikeda
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Fujita Health University Hospital, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Roberto De Giorgio
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, St. Anna Hospital, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, 44124, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Micucci M, Budriesi R, Aldini R, Fato R, Bergamini C, Vivarelli F, Canistro D, Bolchi C, Chiarini A, Rizzardi N, Pallavicini M, Frosini M, Angeletti A. Castanea sativa Mill. bark extract cardiovascular effects in a rat model of high-fat diet. Phytother Res 2020; 35:2145-2156. [PMID: 33295076 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Ellagitannins may have a beneficial impact in cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of high-fat diet (HFD) and the efficacy of Castanea sativa Mill. bark extract (ENC) on cardiac and vascular parameters. Rats were fed with regular diet, (RD, n = 15), HFD (n = 15), RD + ENC (20 mg/kg/day by gavage, n = 15), and HFD + ENC (same dose, n = 15) and the effects on body weight, biochemical serum parameters, and inflammatory cytokines determined. Cardiac functional parameters and aorta contractility were also assessed on isolated atria and aorta. Results showed that ENC reduced weight gain and serum lipids induced by HFD. In in vitro assays, HFD decreased the contraction force of left atrium, increased right atrium chronotropy, and decreased aorta K+ -induced contraction; ENC induced transient positive inotropic and negative chronotropic effects on isolated atria from RD and HFD rats and a spasmolytic effect on aorta. In ex vivo experiments, ENC reverted inotropic and chronotropic changes induced by HFD and enhanced Nifedipine effect more on aorta than on heart. In conclusion, ENC restores metabolic dysfunction and cardiac cholinergic muscarinic receptor function, and exerts spasmolytic effect on aorta in HFD rats, highlighting its potential as nutraceutical tool in obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Micucci
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberta Budriesi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rita Aldini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Christian Bergamini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabio Vivarelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Donatella Canistro
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristiano Bolchi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences "Pietro Pratesi", Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Chiarini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicola Rizzardi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Pallavicini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences "Pietro Pratesi", Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Frosini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Andrea Angeletti
- Department of Specialistic, Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna. S. Orsola Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liparulo I, Bergamini C, Bortolus M, Calonghi N, Gasparre G, Kurelac I, Masin L, Rizzardi N, Rugolo M, Wang W, Aleo SJ, Kiwan A, Torri C, Zanna C, Fato R. Coenzyme Q biosynthesis inhibition induces HIF-1α stabilization and metabolic switch toward glycolysis. FEBS J 2020; 288:1956-1974. [PMID: 32898935 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ, ubiquinone) is a redox-active lipid endogenously synthesized by the cells. The final stage of CoQ biosynthesis is performed at the mitochondrial level by the 'complex Q', where coq2 is responsible for the prenylation of the benzoquinone ring of the molecule. We report that the competitive coq2 inhibitor 4-nitrobenzoate (4-NB) decreased the cellular CoQ content and caused severe impairment of mitochondrial function in the T67 human glioma cell line. In parallel with the reduction in CoQ biosynthesis, the cholesterol level increased, leading to significant perturbation of the plasma membrane physicochemical properties. We show that 4-NB treatment did not significantly affect the cell viability, because of an adaptive metabolic rewiring toward glycolysis. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) stabilization was detected in 4-NB-treated cells, possibly due to the contribution of both reduction in intracellular oxygen tension and ROS overproduction. Exogenous CoQ supplementation partially recovered cholesterol content, HIF-1α degradation, and ROS production, whereas only weakly improved the bioenergetic impairment induced by the CoQ depletion. Our data provide new insights on the effect of CoQ depletion and contribute to shed light on the pathogenic mechanisms of ubiquinone deficiency syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Liparulo
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology-FABIT, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Christian Bergamini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology-FABIT, University of Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Natalia Calonghi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology-FABIT, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gasparre
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences - DIMEC, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Ivana Kurelac
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences - DIMEC, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Masin
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology-FABIT, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicola Rizzardi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology-FABIT, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Michela Rugolo
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology-FABIT, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Wenping Wang
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology-FABIT, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Serena J Aleo
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology-FABIT, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Alisar Kiwan
- Department of Chemistry 'Giacomo Ciamician', University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristian Torri
- Department of Chemistry 'Giacomo Ciamician', University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudia Zanna
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology-FABIT, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology-FABIT, University of Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Perone R, Albertini C, Uliassi E, Di Pietri F, de Sena Murteira Pinheiro P, Petralla S, Rizzardi N, Fato R, Pulkrabkova L, Soukup O, Tramarin A, Bartolini M, Bolognesi ML. Turning Donepezil into a Multi-Target-Directed Ligand through a Merging Strategy. ChemMedChem 2020; 16:187-198. [PMID: 32716144 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Thanks to the widespread use and safety profile of donepezil (1) in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), one of the most widely adopted multi-target-directed ligand (MTDL) design strategies is to modify its molecular structure by linking a second fragment carrying an additional AD-relevant biological property. Herein, supported by a proposed combination therapy of 1 and the quinone drug idebenone, we rationally designed novel 1-based MTDLs targeting Aβ and oxidative pathways. By exploiting a bioisosteric replacement of the indanone core of 1 with a 1,4-naphthoquinone, we ended up with a series of highly merged derivatives, in principle devoid of the "physicochemical challenge" typical of large hybrid-based MTDLs. A preliminary investigation of their multi-target profile identified 9, which showed a potent and selective butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity, together with antioxidant and antiaggregating properties. In addition, it displayed a promising drug-like profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Perone
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48/Via Selmi 3, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudia Albertini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48/Via Selmi 3, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Uliassi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48/Via Selmi 3, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Flaminia Di Pietri
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48/Via Selmi 3, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Pedro de Sena Murteira Pinheiro
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48/Via Selmi 3, 40126, Bologna, Italy.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Petralla
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48/Via Selmi 3, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicola Rizzardi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48/Via Selmi 3, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48/Via Selmi 3, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lenka Pulkrabkova
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska, 1575
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Tramarin
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48/Via Selmi 3, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Bartolini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48/Via Selmi 3, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Bolognesi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48/Via Selmi 3, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Marangoni A, Zalambani C, Marziali G, Salvo M, Fato R, Foschi C, Re MC. Low-dose doxycycline induces Chlamydia trachomatis persistence in HeLa cells. Microb Pathog 2020; 147:104347. [PMID: 32561420 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Chlamydia persistence is a viable but non-replicative stage, induced by several sub-lethal stressor agents, including beta-lactam antibiotics. So far, no data about the connection between doxycycline and chlamydial persistence has been described in literature. We investigated the ability of doxycycline to induce C. trachomatis (CT) persistence in an in vitro model of epithelial cell infection (HeLa cells), comparing the results with the well-established model of penicillin-induced persistence. The effect of doxycycline was explored on 10 different CT strains by analysing (i) the presence of aberrant inclusions, (ii) chlamydial recovery, (iii) the expression of different chlamydial genes (omcB, euo, Ct110, Ct604, Ct755, HtrA) and (iv) the effects on epithelial cell viability. For each strain, the presence of foreign genomic islands responsible of tetracycline resistance was excluded. We found that low doses of doxycycline can induce a condition of CT persistence. For concentrations of doxycycline equal to 0.03-0.015 mg/L, CT inclusions are smaller and aberrant and CT cycle is characterized by the presence of viable but non-dividing RBs with the complete abolishment of chlamydial cytotoxic effect. Infectious EBs can be recovered after removal of the drug. During doxycycline-induced persistence, the expression of the late gene omcB is decreased, indicating the blocking of RB-to-EB conversion. Conversely, as for penicillin G, a significant up-regulation of the stress response HtrA gene is found in doxycycline-treated cells. This study provides a novel in vitro cell model to examine the characteristics of doxycycline-induced persistent CT infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Marangoni
- University of Bologna, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, Microbiology Unit, Via Massarenti 9, Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Zalambani
- University of Bologna, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, Microbiology Unit, Via Massarenti 9, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giacomo Marziali
- University of Bologna, FaBiT Department, Via Irnerio 48, Bologna, Italy
| | - Melissa Salvo
- University of Bologna, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, Microbiology Unit, Via Massarenti 9, Bologna, Italy
| | - Romana Fato
- University of Bologna, FaBiT Department, Via Irnerio 48, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Foschi
- University of Bologna, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, Microbiology Unit, Via Massarenti 9, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Maria Carla Re
- University of Bologna, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, Microbiology Unit, Via Massarenti 9, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Foschi C, Bortolotti M, Polito L, Marangoni A, Zalambani C, Liparulo I, Fato R, Bolognesi A. Insights into penicillin-induced Chlamydia trachomatis persistence. Microb Pathog 2020; 142:104035. [PMID: 32017957 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Chlamydia persistence is a viable, but non-cultivable, growth stage, resulting in a long-term relationship with the infected host cell. In vitro, this condition can be induced by different stressor agents, including beta-lactam antibiotics, as penicillin. The aim of this study was to get new insights into the interactions between Chlamydia trachomatis (serovars D and L2) and the epithelial host cells (HeLa) during persistence condition. In particular, we evaluated the following aspects, by comparing the normal chlamydial development cycle with penicillin-induced persistence: (i) cell survival/death, (ii) externalization of phosphatidylserine, (iii) caspase 1 and caspase 3/7 activation, and (iv) reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by the infected cells. At 72 h post-infection, the cytotoxic effect displayed by CT was completely abolished for both serovars and for all levels of multiplicity of infection only in the cells with aberrant CT inclusions. At the same time, CT was able to switch off the exposure of the lipid phosphatidylserine on the surface of epithelial cells and to strongly inhibit the activation of caspase 1 and caspase 3/7 only in penicillin-treated cells. Forty-eight hours post-infection, CT elicited a significant ROS expression both in case of a normal cycle and in case of persistence. However, serovar L and penicillin-free infection activated a higher ROS production compared to serovar D and to penicillin-induced persistence, respectively. In conclusion, we added knowledge to the cellular dynamics taking place during chlamydial persistence, demonstrating that CT creates a suitable niche to survive, switching off signals able to activate phagocytes/leukocytes recruitment. Nevertheless, persistent CT elicits ROS production by the infected cells, potentially contributing to the onset of chronic inflammation and tissue damages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Foschi
- University of Bologna, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, Microbiology Unit, Via Massarenti 9, Bologna, Italy
| | - Massimo Bortolotti
- University of Bologna, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, General Pathology Unit, Via S. Giacomo 14, Bologna, Italy
| | - Letizia Polito
- University of Bologna, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, General Pathology Unit, Via S. Giacomo 14, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonella Marangoni
- University of Bologna, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, Microbiology Unit, Via Massarenti 9, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Chiara Zalambani
- University of Bologna, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, Microbiology Unit, Via Massarenti 9, Bologna, Italy
| | - Irene Liparulo
- University of Bologna, FaBiT Department, Via Irnerio 48, Bologna, Italy
| | - Romana Fato
- University of Bologna, FaBiT Department, Via Irnerio 48, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Bolognesi
- University of Bologna, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, General Pathology Unit, Via S. Giacomo 14, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Diquigiovanni C, Bergamini C, Diaz R, Liparulo I, Bianco F, Masin L, Baldassarro VA, Rizzardi N, Tranchina A, Buscherini F, Wischmeijer A, Pippucci T, Scarano E, Cordelli DM, Fato R, Seri M, Paracchini S, Bonora E. A novel mutation in SPART gene causes a severe neurodevelopmental delay due to mitochondrial dysfunction with complex I impairments and altered pyruvate metabolism. FASEB J 2019; 33:11284-11302. [PMID: 31314595 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802722r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations in the SPART gene cause Troyer syndrome, a recessive form of spastic paraplegia resulting in muscle weakness, short stature, and cognitive defects. SPART encodes for Spartin, a protein linked to endosomal trafficking and mitochondrial membrane potential maintenance. Here, we identified with whole exome sequencing (WES) a novel frameshift mutation in the SPART gene in 2 brothers presenting an uncharacterized developmental delay and short stature. Functional characterization in an SH-SY5Y cell model shows that this mutation is associated with increased neurite outgrowth. These cells also show a marked decrease in mitochondrial complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) activity, coupled to decreased ATP synthesis and defective mitochondrial membrane potential. The cells also presented an increase in reactive oxygen species, extracellular pyruvate, and NADH levels, consistent with impaired complex I activity. In concordance with a severe mitochondrial failure, Spartin loss also led to an altered intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis that was restored after transient expression of wild-type Spartin. Our data provide for the first time a thorough assessment of Spartin loss effects, including impaired complex I activity coupled to increased extracellular pyruvate. In summary, through a WES study we assign a diagnosis of Troyer syndrome to otherwise undiagnosed patients, and by functional characterization we show that the novel mutation in SPART leads to a profound bioenergetic imbalance.-Diquigiovanni, C., Bergamini, C., Diaz, R., Liparulo, I., Bianco, F., Masin, L., Baldassarro, V. A., Rizzardi, N., Tranchina, A., Buscherini, F., Wischmeijer, A., Pippucci, T., Scarano, E., Cordelli, D. M., Fato, R., Seri, M., Paracchini, S., Bonora, E. A novel mutation in SPART gene causes a severe neurodevelopmental delay due to mitochondrial dysfunction with complex I impairments and altered pyruvate metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Diquigiovanni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Christian Bergamini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBit), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rebeca Diaz
- School of Medicine, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Irene Liparulo
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBit), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Bianco
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Masin
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBit), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Rizzardi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBit), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonia Tranchina
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Buscherini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Anita Wischmeijer
- Department of Pediatrics, Clinical Genetics Service, Regional Hospital of South Tyrol, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Tommaso Pippucci
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Emanuela Scarano
- Rare Disease Unit, Department of Pediatrics, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Duccio Maria Cordelli
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBit), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Seri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Paracchini
- School of Medicine, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Bonora
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Monzio Compagnoni G, Kleiner G, Samarani M, Aureli M, Faustini G, Bellucci A, Ronchi D, Bordoni A, Garbellini M, Salani S, Fortunato F, Frattini E, Abati E, Bergamini C, Fato R, Tabano S, Miozzo M, Serratto G, Passafaro M, Deleidi M, Silipigni R, Nizzardo M, Bresolin N, Comi GP, Corti S, Quinzii CM, Di Fonzo A. Mitochondrial Dysregulation and Impaired Autophagy in iPSC-Derived Dopaminergic Neurons of Multiple System Atrophy. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 11:1185-1198. [PMID: 30344007 PMCID: PMC6234905 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects several areas of the CNS, whose pathogenesis is still widely unclear and for which an effective treatment is lacking. We have generated induced pluripotent stem cell-derived dopaminergic neurons from four MSA patients and four healthy controls and from two monozygotic twins discordant for the disease. In this model, we have demonstrated an aberrant autophagic flow and a mitochondrial dysregulation involving respiratory chain activity, mitochondrial content, and CoQ10 biosynthesis. These defective mechanisms may contribute to the onset of the disease, representing potential therapeutic targets. An iPSC-based neuronal model of MSA is described Mitochondria are dysfunctional in MSA neurons Autophagic machinery is impaired in MSA neurons
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Monzio Compagnoni
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Giulio Kleiner
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Maura Samarani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan 20090, Italy
| | - Massimo Aureli
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan 20090, Italy
| | - Gaia Faustini
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia 25123, Italy
| | - Arianna Bellucci
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia 25123, Italy
| | - Dario Ronchi
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Andreina Bordoni
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Manuela Garbellini
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Sabrina Salani
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Francesco Fortunato
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Emanuele Frattini
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Elena Abati
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Christian Bergamini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Silvia Tabano
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy; Division of Pathology, IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Monica Miozzo
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy; Division of Pathology, IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Giulia Serratto
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Department BIOMETRA, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20129, Italy
| | - Maria Passafaro
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Department BIOMETRA, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20129, Italy
| | - Michela Deleidi
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Otfried-Müller Straße 23, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Rosamaria Silipigni
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Monica Nizzardo
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Nereo Bresolin
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Giacomo P Comi
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Stefania Corti
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan 20122, Italy
| | | | - Alessio Di Fonzo
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan 20122, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Monzio Compagnoni G, Kleiner G, Bordoni A, Fortunato F, Ronchi D, Salani S, Guida M, Corti C, Pichler I, Bergamini C, Fato R, Pellecchia MT, Vallelunga A, Del Sorbo F, Elia A, Reale C, Garavaglia B, Mora G, Albanese A, Cogiamanian F, Ardolino G, Bresolin N, Corti S, Comi GP, Quinzii CM, Di Fonzo A. Mitochondrial dysfunction in fibroblasts of Multiple System Atrophy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:3588-3597. [PMID: 30254015 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Multiple System Atrophy is a severe neurodegenerative disorder which is characterized by a variable clinical presentation and a broad neuropathological spectrum. The pathogenic mechanisms are almost completely unknown. In the present study, we established a cellular model of MSA by using fibroblasts' primary cultures and performed several experiments to investigate the causative mechanisms of the disease, with a particular focus on mitochondrial functioning. Fibroblasts' analyses (7 MSA-P, 7 MSA-C and 6 healthy controls) displayed several anomalies in patients: an impairment of respiratory chain activity, in particular for succinate Coenzyme Q reductase (p < 0.05), and a reduction of complex II steady-state level (p < 0.01); a reduction of Coenzyme Q10 level (p < 0.001) and an up-regulation of some CoQ10 biosynthesis enzymes, namely COQ5 and COQ7; an impairment of mitophagy, demonstrated by a decreased reduction of mitochondrial markers after mitochondrial inner membrane depolarization (p < 0.05); a reduced basal autophagic activity, shown by a decreased level of LC3 II (p < 0.05); an increased mitochondrial mass in MSA-C, demonstrated by higher TOMM20 levels (p < 0.05) and suggested by a wide analysis of mitochondrial DNA content in blood of large cohorts of patients. The present study contributes to understand the causative mechanisms of Multiple System Atrophy. In particular, the observed impairment of respiratory chain activity, mitophagy and Coenzyme Q10 biosynthesis suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Furthermore, these findings will hopefully contribute to identify novel therapeutic targets for this still incurable disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Monzio Compagnoni
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Giulio Kleiner
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York 10032, NY, USA.
| | - Andreina Bordoni
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Francesco Fortunato
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Dario Ronchi
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabrina Salani
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marianna Guida
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Via Galvani 31, 39100 Bolzano, Italy.
| | - Corrado Corti
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Via Galvani 31, 39100 Bolzano, Italy.
| | - Irene Pichler
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Via Galvani 31, 39100 Bolzano, Italy.
| | - Christian Bergamini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Maria Teresa Pellecchia
- Neuroscience Section, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Italy.
| | - Annamaria Vallelunga
- Neuroscience Section, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Italy.
| | - Francesca Del Sorbo
- Neurology Unit I, Neurological Institute "C. Besta" IRCCS Foundation, Milan, Italy.
| | - Antonio Elia
- Neurology Unit I, Neurological Institute "C. Besta" IRCCS Foundation, Milan, Italy.
| | - Chiara Reale
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics Unit, IRCCS Foundation Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.
| | - Barbara Garavaglia
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics Unit, IRCCS Foundation Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.
| | - Gabriele Mora
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, ICS Maugeri, IRCCS, Istituto Scientifico di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Alberto Albanese
- Department of Neurology, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Filippo Cogiamanian
- U.O. Neurofisiopatologia, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluca Ardolino
- U.O. Neurofisiopatologia, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Nereo Bresolin
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Stefania Corti
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Giacomo P Comi
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | | | - Alessio Di Fonzo
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Diquigiovanni C, Bergamini C, Evangelisti C, Isidori F, Vettori A, Tiso N, Argenton F, Costanzini A, Iommarini L, Anbunathan H, Pagotto U, Repaci A, Babbi G, Casadio R, Lenaz G, Rhoden KJ, Porcelli AM, Fato R, Bowcock A, Seri M, Romeo G, Bonora E. Mutant MYO1F alters the mitochondrial network and induces tumor proliferation in thyroid cancer. Int J Cancer 2018; 143:1706-1719. [PMID: 29672841 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Familial aggregation is a significant risk factor for the development of thyroid cancer and familial non-medullary thyroid cancer (FNMTC) accounts for 5-7% of all NMTC. Whole exome sequencing analysis in the family affected by FNMTC with oncocytic features where our group previously identified a predisposing locus on chromosome 19p13.2, revealed a novel heterozygous mutation (c.400G > A, NM_012335; p.Gly134Ser) in exon 5 of MYO1F, mapping to the linkage locus. In the thyroid FRTL-5 cell model stably expressing the mutant MYO1F p.Gly134Ser protein, we observed an altered mitochondrial network, with increased mitochondrial mass and a significant increase in both intracellular and extracellular reactive oxygen species, compared to cells expressing the wild-type (wt) protein or carrying the empty vector. The mutation conferred a significant advantage in colony formation, invasion and anchorage-independent growth. These data were corroborated by in vivo studies in zebrafish, since we demonstrated that the mutant MYO1F p.Gly134Ser, when overexpressed, can induce proliferation in whole vertebrate embryos, compared to the wt one. MYO1F screening in additional 192 FNMTC families identified another variant in exon 7, which leads to exon skipping, and is predicted to alter the ATP-binding domain in MYO1F. Our study identified for the first time a role for MYO1F in NMTC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Diquigiovanni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, DIMEC, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Christian Bergamini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, FABIT, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cecilia Evangelisti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, DIBINEM, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Isidori
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, DIMEC, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Vettori
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Natascia Tiso
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Anna Costanzini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, DIMEC, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, FABIT, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luisa Iommarini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, FABIT, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Hima Anbunathan
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Uberto Pagotto
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, DIMEC, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Repaci
- Endocrinology Unit, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Babbi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, FABIT, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rita Casadio
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, FABIT, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giorgio Lenaz
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, DIBINEM, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Kerry J Rhoden
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, DIMEC, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Porcelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, FABIT, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, FABIT, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Anne Bowcock
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Seri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, DIMEC, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Romeo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, DIMEC, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elena Bonora
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, DIMEC, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Uliassi E, Fiorani G, Krauth-Siegel RL, Bergamini C, Fato R, Bianchini G, Carlos Menéndez J, Molina MT, López-Montero E, Falchi F, Cavalli A, Gul S, Kuzikov M, Ellinger B, Witt G, Moraes CB, Freitas-Junior LH, Borsari C, Costi MP, Bolognesi ML. Crassiflorone derivatives that inhibit Trypanosoma brucei glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase ( Tb GAPDH) and Trypanosoma cruzi trypanothione reductase ( Tc TR) and display trypanocidal activity. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 141:138-148. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
18
|
Pandolfi F, De Vita D, Bortolami M, Coluccia A, Di Santo R, Costi R, Andrisano V, Alabiso F, Bergamini C, Fato R, Bartolini M, Scipione L. New pyridine derivatives as inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase and amyloid aggregation. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 141:197-210. [PMID: 29031067 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A new series of pyridine derivatives with carbamic or amidic function has been designed and synthesized to act as cholinesterase inhibitors. The synthesized compounds were tested toward EeAChE and hAChE and toward eqBChE and hBChE. The carbamate 8 was the most potent hAChE inhibitor (IC50 = 0.153 ± 0.016 μM) while the carbamate 11 was the most potent inhibitor of hBChE (IC50 = 0.828 ± 0.067 μM). A molecular docking study indicated that the carbamate 8 was able to bind AChE by interacting with both CAS and PAS, in agreement with the mixed inhibition mechanism. Furthermore, the carbamates 8, 9 and 11 were able to inhibit Aβ42 self-aggregation and possessed quite low toxicity against human astrocytoma T67 and HeLa cell lines, being the carbamate 8 the less toxic compound on both cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Pandolfi
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drug, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Daniela De Vita
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drug, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Martina Bortolami
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drug, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Antonio Coluccia
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drug, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Roberto Di Santo
- Istituto Pasteur, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drug, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Roberta Costi
- Istituto Pasteur, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drug, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Vincenza Andrisano
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921, Rimini, Italy
| | - Francesco Alabiso
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6 /Via Irnerio 48, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Christian Bergamini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6 /Via Irnerio 48, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6 /Via Irnerio 48, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Bartolini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6 /Via Irnerio 48, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Luigi Scipione
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drug, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Roma, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Di Segni C, Silvestrini A, Fato R, Bergamini C, Guidi F, Raimondo S, Meucci E, Romualdi D, Apa R, Lanzone A, Mancini A. Plasmatic and Intracellular Markers of Oxidative Stress in Normal Weight and Obese Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2017; 125:506-513. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-111241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction Insulin resistance (IR) is associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Oxidative stress (OS) is, in turn, related to IR. Studies in PCOS evidenced an increase in OS markers, but they are mainly performed in obese patients, while the complex picture of normal weight PCOS is still poorly investigated.
Matherials and Methods To investigate OS in PCOS and relationship with hormonal and metabolic picture, we performed a case-control study in 2 PCOS groups: normal weight (N-PCOS, n=21, age 18–25 ys, mean±SEM BMI 20.7±0.2 kg/m2) and obese (OB-PCOS, n=15, 20–30 ys, BMI 32.8±1.1), compared with control groups matched for BMI: normal (N-C, n=10, 20–30 ys, BMI 21.6±0.9) and obese (OB-C, n=20, 21–31ys, BMI 36.8±1.0). Malondialdehyde (MDA) in blood plasma and peripheral mononuclear cells, obtained by density-gradient centrifugation, was assayed spectrophotometrically by TBARS assay. CoenzymeQ10 (CoQ10) in plasma and cells was assayed by HPLC. Plasma Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) was also measured by spectrophotometric method.
Results PCOS patients exhibited higher Testosterone levels than controls, but OB-PCOS had highest HOMA (Homeostasis Model Assessment) index, suggesting marked insulin resistance. Despite plasma MDA levels were not significantly different (N-PCOS 3380±346.94 vs. N-C 7 120±541.66; OB-PCOS 5 517.5±853.9 vs. OB. 3 939.66±311.2 pmol/ml), intracellular MDA levels were significantly higher in N-PCOS than controls (mean 3 259±821.5 vs. 458±43.2 pmol/106/cells) and higher than OB-PCOS, although not significantly (1363.1±412.8 pmol/106/cells). Intracellular CoenzymeQ10 was higher in N-PCOS than in N-C, but the highest levels were found in OB-C.
Conclusions Our data, while confirming the presence of OS in obese PCOS patients in agreement with literature, suggest that OS could be present also in normal weight PCOS, but it can be revealed in tissue rather than in plasma. The relationship with metabolic status remains to be established, but could be a physiopathological basis for antioxidant treatment in such patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Di Segni
- Department of Internal Medicine, Operative Unit of Endocrinology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Silvestrini
- Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Largo F. Vito 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Romana Fato
- Deptartment Of Pharmacology and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via S. Donato 15, Bologna, Italy
| | - Christian Bergamini
- CIRI-HST, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
| | - Francesco Guidi
- Department Of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Raimondo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Operative Unit of Endocrinology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Meucci
- Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Largo F. Vito 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Romualdi
- Department Of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosanna Apa
- Department Of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Lanzone
- Department Of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Mancini
- Department of Internal Medicine, Operative Unit of Endocrinology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bruno S, Uliassi E, Zaffagnini M, Prati F, Bergamini C, Amorati R, Paredi G, Margiotta M, Conti P, Costi MP, Kaiser M, Cavalli A, Fato R, Bolognesi ML. Molecular basis for covalent inhibition of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase by a 2-phenoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone small molecule. Chem Biol Drug Des 2017; 90:225-235. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Bruno
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Parma; Parma Italy
| | - Elisa Uliassi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology; Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Mirko Zaffagnini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology; Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Federica Prati
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology; Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Christian Bergamini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology; Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Riccardo Amorati
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”; Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | | | | | - Paola Conti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Milan; Milan Italy
| | - Maria Paola Costi
- Department of Life Sciences; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
| | - Marcel Kaiser
- Swiss Tropical & Public Health Institute; Basel Switzerland
- University of Basel; Basel Switzerland
| | - Andrea Cavalli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology; Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
- CompuNet; Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; Genova Italy
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology; Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Maria Laura Bolognesi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology; Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Simoni E, Caporaso R, Bergamini C, Fiori J, Fato R, Miszta P, Filipek S, Caraci F, Giuffrida ML, Andrisano V, Minarini A, Bartolini M, Rosini M. Polyamine Conjugation as a Promising Strategy To Target Amyloid Aggregation in the Framework of Alzheimer's Disease. ACS Med Chem Lett 2016; 7:1145-1150. [PMID: 27994754 PMCID: PMC5150688 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.6b00339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
![]()
Spermine
conjugates 2–6, carrying
variously decorated 3,5-dibenzylidenepiperidin-4-one as bioactive
motives, were designed to direct antiaggregating properties into mitochondria,
using a polyamine functionality as the vehicle tool. The study confirmed
mitochondrial import of the catechol derivative 2, which
displayed effective antiaggregating activity and neuroprotective effects
against Aβ-induced toxicity. Notably, a key functional role
for the polyamine motif in Aβ molecular recognition was also
unraveled. This experimental readout, which was supported by in silico
studies, gives important new insight into the polyamine’s action.
Hence, we propose polyamine conjugation as a promising strategy for
the development of neuroprotectant leads that may contribute to decipher
the complex picture of Aβ toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Simoni
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberta Caporaso
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Christian Bergamini
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Jessica Fiori
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Przemyslaw Miszta
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological & Chemical Research Centre University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sławomir Filipek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological & Chemical Research Centre University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Filippo Caraci
- IRCCS
Associazione Oasi Maria S.S., Institute for Research on Mental Retardation and Brain Aging, Via Conte Ruggero 73, 94018 Troina, Enna, Italy
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A.
Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Giuffrida
- Institute
of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council (CNR), Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Vincenza Andrisano
- Department
for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso D’Augusto
237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Anna Minarini
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Bartolini
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Michela Rosini
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Rizzo F, Ronchi D, Salani S, Nizzardo M, Fortunato F, Bordoni A, Stuppia G, Del Bo R, Piga D, Fato R, Bresolin N, Comi GP, Corti S. Selective mitochondrial depletion, apoptosis resistance, and increased mitophagy in human Charcot-Marie-Tooth 2A motor neurons. Hum Mol Genet 2016; 25:4266-4281. [PMID: 27506976 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Charcot-Marie-Tooth 2A (CMT2A) is an inherited peripheral neuropathy caused by mutations in MFN2, which encodes a mitochondrial membrane protein involved in mitochondrial network homeostasis. Because MFN2 is expressed ubiquitously, the reason for selective motor neuron (MN) involvement in CMT2A is unclear. To address this question, we generated MNs from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) obtained from the patients with CMT2A as an in vitro disease model. CMT2A iPSC-derived MNs (CMT2A-MNs) exhibited a global reduction in mitochondrial content and altered mitochondrial positioning without significant differences in survival and axon elongation. RNA sequencing profiles and protein studies of key components of the apoptotic executioner program (i.e. p53, BAX, caspase 8, cleaved caspase 3, and the anti-apoptotic marker Bcl2) demonstrated that CMT2A-MNs are more resistant to apoptosis than wild-type MNs. Exploring the balance between mitochondrial biogenesis and the regulation of autophagy-lysosome transcription, we observed an increased autophagic flux in CMT2A-MNs that was associated with increased expression of PINK1, PARK2, BNIP3, and a splice variant of BECN1 that was recently demonstrated to be a trigger for mitochondrial autophagic removal. Taken together, these data suggest that the striking reduction in mitochondria in MNs expressing mutant MFN2 is not the result of impaired biogenesis, but more likely the consequence of enhanced mitophagy. Thus, these pathways represent possible novel molecular therapeutic targets for the development of an effective cure for this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Rizzo
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Dario Ronchi
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabrina Salani
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Nizzardo
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Fortunato
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Andreina Bordoni
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Stuppia
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Del Bo
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Piga
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotecnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nereo Bresolin
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo P Comi
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Corti
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ronchi D, Di Biase E, Franco G, Melzi V, Del Sorbo F, Elia A, Barzaghi C, Garavaglia B, Bergamini C, Fato R, Mora G, Del Bo R, Fortunato F, Borellini L, Trezzi I, Compagnoni GM, Monfrini E, Frattini E, Bonato S, Cogiamanian F, Ardolino G, Priori A, Bresolin N, Corti S, Comi GP, Di Fonzo A. Mutational analysis of COQ2 in patients with MSA in Italy. Neurobiol Aging 2016; 45:213.e1-213.e2. [PMID: 27394078 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
COQ2 mutations have been implicated in the etiology of multiple system atrophy (MSA) in Japan. However, several genetic screenings have not confirmed the role of its variants in the disease. We performed COQ2 sequence analysis in 87 probable MSA. A homozygous change p.A43G was found in an MSA-C patient. Cosegregation analysis and the evaluation of CoQ10 content in muscle and fibroblasts did not support the pathogenic role of this variant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dario Ronchi
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Ernesto Di Biase
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Franco
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Melzi
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Del Sorbo
- Neurology Unit I, Neurological Institute "C. Besta" IRCCS Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Elia
- Neurology Unit I, Neurological Institute "C. Besta" IRCCS Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Barzaghi
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, IRCCS Foundation Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Barbara Garavaglia
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, IRCCS Foundation Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Christian Bergamini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotecnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotecnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gabriele Mora
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, IRCCS, Istituto Scientifico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Del Bo
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Fortunato
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Linda Borellini
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Trezzi
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo Monzio Compagnoni
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Edoardo Monfrini
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Frattini
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Bonato
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo Cogiamanian
- U.O. Neurofisiopatologia, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluca Ardolino
- U.O. Neurofisiopatologia, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Priori
- Clinica Neurologica III Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Ospedale Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milano, Italy
| | - Nereo Bresolin
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Corti
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo Pietro Comi
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessio Di Fonzo
- IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Dalzini A, Bergamini C, Biondi B, De Zotti M, Panighel G, Fato R, Peggion C, Bortolus M, Maniero AL. The rational search for selective anticancer derivatives of the peptide Trichogin GA IV: a multi-technique biophysical approach. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24000. [PMID: 27039838 PMCID: PMC4819177 DOI: 10.1038/srep24000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptaibols are peculiar peptides produced by fungi as weapons against other microorganisms. Previous studies showed that peptaibols are promising peptide-based drugs because they act against cell membranes rather than a specific target, thus lowering the possibility of the onset of multi-drug resistance, and they possess non-coded α-amino acid residues that confer proteolytic resistance. Trichogin GA IV (TG) is a short peptaibol displaying antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity. In the present work, we studied thirteen TG analogues, adopting a multidisciplinary approach. We showed that the cytotoxicity is tuneable by single amino-acids substitutions. Many analogues maintain the same level of non-selective cytotoxicity of TG and three analogues are completely non-toxic. Two promising lead compounds, characterized by the introduction of a positively charged unnatural amino-acid in the hydrophobic face of the helix, selectively kill T67 cancer cells without affecting healthy cells. To explain the determinants of the cytotoxicity, we investigated the structural parameters of the peptides, their cell-binding properties, cell localization, and dynamics in the membrane, as well as the cell membrane composition. We show that, while cytotoxicity is governed by the fine balance between the amphipathicity and hydrophobicity, the selectivity depends also on the expression of negatively charged phospholipids on the cell surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Dalzini
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Christian Bergamini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie, Università di Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Barbara Biondi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Marta De Zotti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Giacomo Panighel
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Romana Fato
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie, Università di Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristina Peggion
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Bortolus
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali, Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca, 20126, Milano, Italy
| | - Anna Lisa Maniero
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Prati F, Bergamini C, Fato R, Soukup O, Korabecny J, Andrisano V, Bartolini M, Bolognesi ML. Novel 8-Hydroxyquinoline Derivatives as Multitarget Compounds for the Treatment of Alzheimer′s Disease. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:1284-95. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201600014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Prati
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology; Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna; Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Christian Bergamini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology; Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna; Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology; Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna; Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- Biomedical Research Center; University Hospital Hradec Kralove; Sokolska 581 500 05 Hradec Kralove Czech Republic
| | - Jan Korabecny
- Biomedical Research Center; University Hospital Hradec Kralove; Sokolska 581 500 05 Hradec Kralove Czech Republic
| | - Vincenza Andrisano
- Department for Quality Life Studies; Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna; Corso d'Augusto 237 47921 Rimini Italy
| | - Manuela Bartolini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology; Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna; Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Maria Laura Bolognesi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology; Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna; Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48 40126 Bologna Italy
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Di Martino RMC, De Simone A, Andrisano V, Bisignano P, Bisi A, Gobbi S, Rampa A, Fato R, Bergamini C, Perez DI, Martinez A, Bottegoni G, Cavalli A, Belluti F. Versatility of the Curcumin Scaffold: Discovery of Potent and Balanced Dual BACE-1 and GSK-3β Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2016; 59:531-44. [PMID: 26696252 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The multitarget approach has gained increasing acceptance as a useful tool to address complex and multifactorial maladies such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). The concurrent inhibition of the validated AD targets β-secretase (BACE-1) and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) by attacking both β-amyloid and tau protein cascades has been identified as a promising AD therapeutic strategy. In our study, curcumin was identified as a lead compound for the simultaneous inhibition of both targets; therefore, synthetic efforts were dedicated to obtaining a small library of novel curcumin-based analogues, and a number of potent and balanced dual-target inhibitors were obtained. In particular, 2, 6, and 7 emerged as promising drug candidates endowed with neuroprotective potential and brain permeability. Notably, for some new compounds the symmetrical diketo and the β-keto-enol tautomeric forms were purposely isolated and tested in vitro, allowing us to gain insight into the key requirements for BACE-1 and GSK-3β inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Maria Concetta Di Martino
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna , Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Angela De Simone
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna , Corso D'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Vincenza Andrisano
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna , Corso D'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Paola Bisignano
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , D3, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bisi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna , Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Gobbi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna , Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Angela Rampa
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna , Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna , Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Christian Bergamini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna , Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniel I Perez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas, CSIC , Ramiro de Maetzu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Martinez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas, CSIC , Ramiro de Maetzu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Giovanni Bottegoni
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , D3, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Andrea Cavalli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna , Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy.,Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , D3, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Federica Belluti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna , Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
De Nisi A, Bergamini C, Leonzio M, Sartor G, Fato R, Naldi M, Monari M, Calonghi N, Bandini M. Synthesis, cytotoxicity and anti-cancer activity of new alkynyl-gold(i) complexes. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:1546-53. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt02905h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Alkynyl(triphenylphosphine)gold(i) complexes carrying variously substituted propargylic amines have been synthesized and fully characterized in solution and solid state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Assunta De Nisi
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”
- Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna
- 40126 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Christian Bergamini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology
- Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna
- 40126 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Marco Leonzio
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”
- Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna
- 40126 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Giorgio Sartor
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology
- Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna
- 40126 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology
- Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna
- 40126 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Marina Naldi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology
- Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna
- 40126 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Magda Monari
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”
- Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna
- 40126 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Natalia Calonghi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology
- Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna
- 40126 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Marco Bandini
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”
- Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna
- 40126 Bologna
- Italy
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Prati F, Bergamini C, Molina MT, Falchi F, Cavalli A, Kaiser M, Brun R, Fato R, Bolognesi ML. 2-Phenoxy-1,4-naphthoquinones: From a Multitarget Antitrypanosomal to a Potential Antitumor Profile. J Med Chem 2015; 58:6422-34. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Prati
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Christian Bergamini
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Molina
- Instituto de Química Médica (IQM-CSIC), c/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Federico Falchi
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Department
of Drug Discovery and Development, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Andrea Cavalli
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Department
of Drug Discovery and Development, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Marcel Kaiser
- Swiss Tropical & Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz
1, 4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Reto Brun
- Swiss Tropical & Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz
1, 4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Bolognesi
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Nepovimova E, Uliassi E, Korabecny J, Peña-Altamira LE, Samez S, Pesaresi A, Garcia GE, Bartolini M, Andrisano V, Bergamini C, Fato R, Lamba D, Roberti M, Kuca K, Monti B, Bolognesi ML. Multitarget Drug Design Strategy: Quinone–Tacrine Hybrids Designed To Block Amyloid-β Aggregation and To Exert Anticholinesterase and Antioxidant Effects. J Med Chem 2014; 57:8576-89. [DOI: 10.1021/jm5010804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
- Department
of Toxicology, Department of Public Health, Centre for Advanced Studies,
Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska
1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Biomedical
Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Control, Faculty of Pharmacy
in Hradec Kralove, Charles University in Prague, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Elisa Uliassi
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Jan Korabecny
- Department
of Toxicology, Department of Public Health, Centre for Advanced Studies,
Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska
1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Biomedical
Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Luis Emiliano Peña-Altamira
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sarah Samez
- Istituto
di Crystallografia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Area
Science Park-Basovizza, S.S. 14-Km 163.5, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri
1, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pesaresi
- Istituto
di Crystallografia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Area
Science Park-Basovizza, S.S. 14-Km 163.5, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Gregory E. Garcia
- Research
Division, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, 3100 Ricketts, Point Road, Aberdeen Proving
Ground, Maryland 21010-5400, United States
| | - Manuela Bartolini
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Vincenza Andrisano
- Department
for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Corso d’Augusto
237, I-47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Christian Bergamini
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Romana Fato
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Doriano Lamba
- Istituto
di Crystallografia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Area
Science Park-Basovizza, S.S. 14-Km 163.5, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Marinella Roberti
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Biomedical
Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Barbara Monti
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Bolognesi
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Aldini R, Micucci M, Cevenini M, Fato R, Bergamini C, Nanni C, Cont M, Camborata C, Spinozzi S, Montagnani M, Roda G, D'Errico-Grigioni A, Rosini F, Roda A, Mazzella G, Chiarini A, Budriesi R. Antiinflammatory effect of phytosterols in experimental murine colitis model: prevention, induction, remission study. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108112. [PMID: 25268769 PMCID: PMC4182327 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytosterols, besides hypocholesterolemic effect, present anti-inflammatory properties. Little information is available about their efficacy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Therefore, we have evaluated the effect of a mixture of phytosterols on prevention/induction/remission in a murine experimental model of colitis. Phytosterols were administered x os before, during and after colitis induction with Dextran Sodium Sulfate (DSS) in mice. Disease Activity Index (DAI), colon length, histopathology score, 18F-FDG microPET, oxidative stress in the intestinal tissue (ileum and colon) and gallbladder ileum and colon spontaneous and carbachol (CCh) induced motility, plasma lipids and plasma, liver and biliary bile acids (BA) were evaluated. A similar longitudinal study was performed in a DSS colitis control group. Mice treated with DSS developed severe colitis as shown by DAI, colon length, histopathology score, 18F-FDG microPET, oxidative stress. Both spontaneous and induced ileal and colonic motility were severely disturbed. The same was observed with gallbladder. DSS colitis resulted in an increase in plasma cholesterol, and a modification of the BA pattern. Phytosterols feeding did not prevent colitis onset but significantly reduced the severity of the disease and improved clinical and histological remission. It had strong antioxidant effects, almost restored colon, ileal and gallbladder motility. Plasmatic levels of cholesterol were also reduced. DSS induced a modification in the BA pattern consistent with an increase in the intestinal BA deconjugating bacteria, prevented by phytosterols. Phytosterols seem a potential nutraceutical tool for gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases, combining metabolic systematic and local anti-inflammatory effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Aldini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotecnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Matteo Micucci
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotecnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Monica Cevenini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Bologna, Policlinico S Orsola, Bologna, Italy
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotecnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Christian Bergamini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotecnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristina Nanni
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Cont
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cecilia Camborata
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Spinozzi
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Montagnani
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Bologna, Policlinico S Orsola, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Roda
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Bologna, Policlinico S Orsola, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Rosini
- DIMES Department, University of Bologna, Policlinico S Orsola, Bologna, Italy
| | - Aldo Roda
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mazzella
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Bologna, Policlinico S Orsola, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Chiarini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotecnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberta Budriesi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotecnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Bolognesi ML, Bergamini C, Fato R, Oiry J, Vasseur JJ, Smietana M. Synthesis of New Lipoic Acid Conjugates and Evaluation of Their Free Radical Scavenging and Neuroprotective Activities. Chem Biol Drug Des 2014; 83:688-96. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Laura Bolognesi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology; University of Bologna; Via Belmeloro 6 and Via Irnerio 4 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Christian Bergamini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology; University of Bologna; Via Belmeloro 6 and Via Irnerio 4 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology; University of Bologna; Via Belmeloro 6 and Via Irnerio 4 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Joël Oiry
- Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron; IBMM UMR 5247 CNRS; Université Montpellier 1; Université Montpellier 2; Place Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier France
| | - Jean-Jacques Vasseur
- Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron; IBMM UMR 5247 CNRS; Université Montpellier 1; Université Montpellier 2; Place Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier France
| | - Michael Smietana
- Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron; IBMM UMR 5247 CNRS; Université Montpellier 1; Université Montpellier 2; Place Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier France
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Moruzzi N, Del Sole M, Fato R, Gerdes JM, Berggren PO, Bergamini C, Brismar K. Short and prolonged exposure to hyperglycaemia in human fibroblasts and endothelial cells: metabolic and osmotic effects. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2014; 53:66-76. [PMID: 24814290 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2014.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Revised: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
High blood glucose levels are the main feature of diabetes. However, the underlying mechanism linking high glucose concentration to diabetic complications is still not fully elucidated, particularly with regard to human physiology. Excess of glucose is likely to trigger a metabolic response depending on the cell features, activating deleterious pathways involved in the complications of diabetes. In this study, we aim to elucidate how acute and prolonged hyperglycaemia alters the biology and metabolism in human fibroblasts and endothelial cells. We found that hyperglycaemia triggers a metabolic switch from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis that is maintained over prolonged time. Moreover, osmotic pressure is a major factor in the early metabolic response, decreasing both mitochondrial transmembrane potential and cellular proliferation. After prolonged exposure to hyperglycaemia we observed decreased mitochondrial steady-state and uncoupled respiration, together with a reduced ATP/ADP ratio. At the same time, we could not detect major changes in mitochondrial transmembrane potential and reactive oxygen species. We suggest that the physiological and metabolic alterations observed in healthy human primary fibroblasts and endothelial cells are an adaptive response to hyperglycaemia. The severity of metabolic and bioenergetics impairment associated with diabetic complications may occur after longer glucose exposure or due to interactions with cell types more sensitive to hyperglycaemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noah Moruzzi
- The Rolf Luft Research Center, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Karolinska University/Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Marianna Del Sole
- The Rolf Luft Research Center, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Karolinska University/Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacology and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Jantje M Gerdes
- The Rolf Luft Research Center, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Karolinska University/Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden; Institute for Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Parkring 11, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Per-Olof Berggren
- The Rolf Luft Research Center, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Karolinska University/Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christian Bergamini
- Department of Pharmacology and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Kerstin Brismar
- The Rolf Luft Research Center, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Karolinska University/Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Marangoni A, Bergamini C, Fato R, Cavallini C, Donati M, Nardini P, Foschi C, Cevenini R. Infection of human monocytes by Chlamydia pneumoniae and Chlamydia trachomatis: an in vitro comparative study. BMC Res Notes 2014; 7:230. [PMID: 24721461 PMCID: PMC3984436 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-7-230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background An increasing number of studies suggest that chlamydiae can infect immune cells. The altered immune cell function could contribute to the progression of several chronic inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate Chlamydia pneumoniae (CP) and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) interactions with in vitro infected human blood monocytes. Results Fresh isolated monocytes were infected with viable CP and CT elementary bodies and infectivity was evaluated by recultivating disrupted monocytes in permissive epithelial cells. The production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species was studied in the presence of specific fluorescent probes. Moreover, TNF-α, INF-α, INF-β and INF-γ gene expression was determined. CT clearance from monocytes was complete at any time points after infection, while CP was able to survive up to 48 hours after infection. When NADPH oxydase or nitric oxide synthase inhibitors were used, CT infectivity in monocytes was restored, even if at low level, and CT recovery’s rate was comparable to CP one. CT-infected monocytes produced significantly higher levels of reactive species compared with CP-infected monocytes, at very early time points after infection. In the same meanwhile, TNF-α and INF-γ gene expression was significantly increased in CT-infected monocytes. Conclusions Our data confirm that CP, but not CT, is able to survive in infected monocytes up to 48 hours post-infection. The delay in reactive species and cytokines production by CP-infected monocytes seems to be crucial for CP survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Marangoni
- Microbiology, DIMES, University of Bologna, S,Orsola Hospital, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Bergamini C, Angelini P, Rhoden KJ, Porcelli AM, Fato R, Zuccheri G. A practical approach for the detection of DNA nanostructures in single live human cells by fluorescence microscopy. Methods 2014; 67:185-92. [PMID: 24440746 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2014.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Revised: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, in vivo studies have revealed that even subtle differences in size, concentration of components, cell cycle stage, make the cells in a population respond differently to the same stimulus. In order to characterize such complexity of behavior and shed more light on the functioning and communication amongst cells, researchers are developing strategies to study single live cells in a population. In this paper, we describe the methods to design and prepare DNA-based fluorescent tetrahedral nanostructures, to deliver them to live cells and characterize such cells with epifluorescence microscopy. We report that HeLa cells internalize these nanostructures spontaneously with a higher efficiency with respect to single-stranded or double-stranded oligonucleotides. Our findings suggest that DNA tetrahedra could serve as a platform for the realization of a series of multifunctional intracellular biosensors for the analysis of single live cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Bergamini
- Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research, Health Sciences & Technologies (CIRI-HST) at the University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 41/E, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna 40064, Italy
| | - P Angelini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnologies (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Italy
| | - K J Rhoden
- Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research, Health Sciences & Technologies (CIRI-HST) at the University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 41/E, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna 40064, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - A M Porcelli
- Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research, Health Sciences & Technologies (CIRI-HST) at the University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 41/E, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna 40064, Italy; Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnologies (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Italy
| | - R Fato
- Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research, Health Sciences & Technologies (CIRI-HST) at the University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 41/E, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna 40064, Italy; Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnologies (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Italy
| | - G Zuccheri
- Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research, Health Sciences & Technologies (CIRI-HST) at the University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 41/E, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna 40064, Italy; Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnologies (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Italy; Italian National Research Council (CNR), Istituto Nanoscienze, S3 Center, Modena, Italy; National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM) at the University of Bologna, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Iommarini L, Kurelac I, Capristo M, Calvaruso MA, Giorgio V, Bergamini C, Ghelli A, Nanni P, De Giovanni C, Carelli V, Fato R, Lollini PL, Rugolo M, Gasparre G, Porcelli AM. Different mtDNA mutations modify tumor progression in dependence of the degree of respiratory complex I impairment. Hum Mol Genet 2013; 23:1453-66. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddt533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
|
36
|
Calabrese C, Iommarini L, Kurelac I, Calvaruso MA, Capristo M, Lollini PL, Nanni P, Bergamini C, Nicoletti G, Giovanni CD, Ghelli A, Giorgio V, Caratozzolo MF, Marzano F, Manzari C, Betts CM, Carelli V, Ceccarelli C, Attimonelli M, Romeo G, Fato R, Rugolo M, Tullo A, Gasparre G, Porcelli AM. Respiratory complex I is essential to induce a Warburg profile in mitochondria-defective tumor cells. Cancer Metab 2013; 1:11. [PMID: 24280190 PMCID: PMC4178211 DOI: 10.1186/2049-3002-1-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Aerobic glycolysis, namely the Warburg effect, is the main hallmark of cancer cells. Mitochondrial respiratory dysfunction has been proposed to be one of the major causes for such glycolytic shift. This hypothesis has been revisited as tumors appear to undergo waves of gene regulation during progression, some of which rely on functional mitochondria. In this framework, the role of mitochondrial complex I is still debated, in particular with respect to the effect of mitochondrial DNA mutations in cancer metabolism. The aim of this work is to provide the proof of concept that functional complex I is necessary to sustain tumor progression. Methods Complex I-null osteosarcoma cells were complemented with allotopically expressed complex I subunit 1 (MT-ND1). Complex I re-assembly and function recovery, also in terms of NADH consumption, were assessed. Clones were tested for their ability to grow in soft agar and to generate tumor masses in nude mice. Hypoxia levels were evaluated via pimonidazole staining and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) immunoblotting and histochemical staining. 454-pyrosequencing was implemented to obtain global transcriptomic profiling of allotopic and non-allotopic xenografts. Results Complementation of a truncative mutation in the gene encoding MT-ND1, showed that a functional enzyme was required to perform the glycolytic shift during the hypoxia response and to induce a Warburg profile in vitro and in vivo, fostering cancer progression. Such trigger was mediated by HIF-1α, whose stabilization was regulated after recovery of the balance between α-ketoglutarate and succinate due to a recuperation of NADH consumption that followed complex I rescue. Conclusion Respiratory complex I is essential for the induction of Warburg effect and adaptation to hypoxia of cancer cells, allowing them to sustain tumor growth. Differently from other mitochondrial tumor suppressor genes, therefore, a complex I severe mutation such as the one here reported may confer anti-tumorigenic properties, highlighting the prognostic values of such genetic markers in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Calabrese
- Dip, Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche (DIMEC), U,O, Genetica Medica, Pol, Universitario S, Orsola-Malpighi, Università di Bologna, via Massarenti 9, Bologna, 40138, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Pieretti S, Haanstra JR, Mazet M, Perozzo R, Bergamini C, Prati F, Fato R, Lenaz G, Capranico G, Brun R, Bakker BM, Michels PAM, Scapozza L, Bolognesi ML, Cavalli A. Naphthoquinone derivatives exert their antitrypanosomal activity via a multi-target mechanism. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2013; 7:e2012. [PMID: 23350008 PMCID: PMC3547856 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Methodology Recently, we reported on a new class of naphthoquinone derivatives showing a promising anti-trypanosomatid profile in cell-based experiments. The lead of this series (B6, 2-phenoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) showed an ED50 of 80 nM against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, and a selectivity index of 74 with respect to mammalian cells. A multitarget profile for this compound is easily conceivable, because quinones, as natural products, serve plants as potent defense chemicals with an intrinsic multifunctional mechanism of action. To disclose such a multitarget profile of B6, we exploited a chemical proteomics approach. Principal Findings A functionalized congener of B6 was immobilized on a solid matrix and used to isolate target proteins from Trypanosoma brucei lysates. Mass analysis delivered two enzymes, i.e. glycosomal glycerol kinase and glycosomal glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, as potential molecular targets for B6. Both enzymes were recombinantly expressed and purified, and used for chemical validation. Indeed, B6 was able to inhibit both enzymes with IC50 values in the micromolar range. The multifunctional profile was further characterized in experiments using permeabilized Trypanosoma brucei cells and mitochondrial cell fractions. It turned out that B6 was also able to generate oxygen radicals, a mechanism that may additionally contribute to its observed potent trypanocidal activity. Conclusions and Significance Overall, B6 showed a multitarget mechanism of action, which provides a molecular explanation of its promising anti-trypanosomatid activity. Furthermore, the forward chemical genetics approach here applied may be viable in the molecular characterization of novel multitarget ligands. The multitarget approach can represent a promising strategy for the discovery of innovative drug candidates against neglected tropical diseases. However, multitarget drug discovery can be very demanding, because of the highly time-consuming step related to the fine balancing of the biological activities against selected targets. An innovative workflow for discovering multitarget drugs can be envisioned: i) design and synthesis of natural-like compounds; ii) test them using phenotypic cell-based assays; iii) fishing potential targets by means of chemical proteomics. This workflow might rapidly provide new hit candidates that can be further progressed to the hit-to-lead and lead optimization steps of the drug discovery process. The two latter steps can benefit from information on the molecular target(s), which may be identified by chemical proteomics. Herein, we report on the elucidation of the mode of action of a new series of anti-trypanosomal naphthoquinone compounds, previously tested using cell-based assays, by means of chemical proteomics, classical biochemistry, molecular and system biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Pieretti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Pharmaceutical Biochemistry Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Jurgen R. Haanstra
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Muriel Mazet
- Research Unit for Tropical Diseases, de Duve Institute and Laboratory of Biochemistry, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Remo Perozzo
- Pharmaceutical Biochemistry Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Federica Prati
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giorgio Lenaz
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Reto Brun
- Swiss Tropical Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Barbara M. Bakker
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul A. M. Michels
- Research Unit for Tropical Diseases, de Duve Institute and Laboratory of Biochemistry, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Leonardo Scapozza
- Pharmaceutical Biochemistry Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maria Laura Bolognesi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- * E-mail: (MLB); (AC)
| | - Andrea Cavalli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
- * E-mail: (MLB); (AC)
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Bonifacio M, Rigo A, Guardalben E, Bergamini C, Cavalieri E, Fato R, Pizzolo G, Suzuki H, Vinante F. α-bisabolol is an effective proapoptotic agent against BCR-ABL(+) cells in synergism with Imatinib and Nilotinib. PLoS One 2012; 7:e46674. [PMID: 23056396 PMCID: PMC3463553 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We showed that α-bisabolol is active against primary acute leukemia cells, including BCR-ABL+ acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALL). Here we studied the activity of α-bisabolol against BCR-ABL+ cells using 3 cell lines (K562, LAMA-84, CML-T1) and 10 primary BCR-ABL+ ALL samples. We found that: (a) α-bisabolol was effective in reducing BCR-ABL+ cell viabilty at concentrations ranging from 53 to 73 µM; (b) α-bisabolol concentrations in BCR-ABL+ cellular compartments were 4- to 12-fold higher than in normal cells, thus indicating a preferential intake in neoplastic cells; (c) α-bisabolol displayed a slight to strong synergism with the Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKI) imatinib and nilotinib: the combination of α-bisabolol+imatinib allowed a dose reduction of each compound up to 7.2 and 9.4-fold respectively, while the combination of α-bisabolol+nilotinib up to 6.7 and 5-fold respectively; (d) α-bisabolol-induced apoptosis was associated with loss of plasma membrane integrity, irreversible opening of mitochondrial transition pore, disruption of mitochondrial potential, inhibition of oxygen consumption and increase of intracellular reactive oxygen species. These data indicate α-bisabolol as a candidate for treatment of BCR-ABL+ leukemias to overcome resistance to TKI alone and to target leukemic cells through BCR-ABL-independent pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonella Rigo
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Emanuele Guardalben
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Christian Bergamini
- Department of Biochemistry “G. Moruzzi”, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Cavalieri
- Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Biochemistry “G. Moruzzi”, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pizzolo
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Hisanori Suzuki
- Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Vinante
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Bergamini C, Moruzzi N, Sblendido A, Lenaz G, Fato R. A water soluble CoQ10 formulation improves intracellular distribution and promotes mitochondrial respiration in cultured cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e33712. [PMID: 22432044 PMCID: PMC3303850 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2011] [Accepted: 02/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria are both the cellular powerhouse and the major source of reactive oxygen species. Coenzyme Q(10) plays a key role in mitochondrial energy production and is recognized as a powerful antioxidant. For these reasons it can be argued that higher mitochondrial ubiquinone levels may enhance the energy state and protect from oxidative stress. Despite the large number of clinical studies on the effect of CoQ(10) supplementation, there are very few experimental data about the mitochondrial ubiquinone content and the cellular bioenergetic state after supplementation. Controversial clinical and in vitro results are mainly due to the high hydrophobicity of this compound, which reduces its bioavailability. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We measured the cellular and mitochondrial ubiquinone content in two cell lines (T67 and H9c2) after supplementation with a hydrophilic CoQ(10) formulation (Qter®) and native CoQ(10). Our results show that the water soluble formulation is more efficient in increasing ubiquinone levels. We have evaluated the bioenergetics effect of ubiquinone treatment, demonstrating that intracellular CoQ(10) content after Qter supplementation positively correlates with an improved mitochondrial functionality (increased oxygen consumption rate, transmembrane potential, ATP synthesis) and resistance to oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS The improved cellular energy metabolism related to increased CoQ(10) content represents a strong rationale for the clinical use of coenzyme Q(10) and highlights the biological effects of Qter®, that make it the eligible CoQ(10) formulation for the ubiquinone supplementation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bergamini
- Department of Biochemistry “G. Moruzzi”, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Noah Moruzzi
- Department of Biochemistry “G. Moruzzi”, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Giorgio Lenaz
- Department of Biochemistry “G. Moruzzi”, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Biochemistry “G. Moruzzi”, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Montagnani M, Tsivian M, Neri F, Zvi IB, Mantovani I, Nanni P, Benevento M, Simoni P, Marangoni A, Pariali M, Fato R, Bergamini C, Leoni S, Azzaroli F, Mazzella G, Nardo B, Roda E, Aldini R. A new model for portal protein profile analysis in course of ileal intraluminal bile acid infusion using an in situ perfused rat intestine. Med Chem 2011; 7:257-64. [PMID: 21568879 DOI: 10.2174/157340611796150978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2010] [Accepted: 03/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Due to the importance of intestinal transport in pharmacological studies and the emerging role of intestinal signaling activity in the gut-liver axis, we have developed a new method to investigate intestinal transport and liver signaling using cell and serum free mesenteric perfusion system in the rat. The method regarding bile acid active absorption was validated, then, the portal venous content was examined for fibroblast growth factor 15(FGF15), a putative signaling protein produced by the ileal enterocytes following bile acid absorption. After isolation and cannulation of the relevant vessels (abdominal aorta and portal vein), the abdominal aorta and the terminal ileum were infused with respectively Krebs-Ringer solution and tauroursodeoxycholate (TUDCA) and the absorption was assessed by its recovery in the portal vein. After immunoblot, liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry analysis were performed both on gel bands digestion products and on portal outflow samples in order to evaluate if negligible amounts of FGF15 were present in the portal circulation. TUDCA absorption was efficient, intestinal morphology and oxygen consumption were normal. Despite accurate analysis, we could not find FGF15. Our method proved to be reliable for studying the active bile acid absorption. It is also suitable to identify molecules produced by enterocytes and transferred to the portal circulation in response to absorption of different substances such as nutrients or drugs. Since FGF15 was not recovered we suggest the possibilities that this protein is produced in very little amounts, poorly transferred outside the cell, or that it is extremely unstable and rapidly degraded.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Montagnani
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica, Centro di Ricerca Biomedica Applicata-Policlinico S.Orsola, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Cavalieri E, Rigo A, Bonifacio M, Carcereri de Prati A, Guardalben E, Bergamini C, Fato R, Pizzolo G, Suzuki H, Vinante F. Pro-apoptotic activity of α-bisabolol in preclinical models of primary human acute leukemia cells. J Transl Med 2011; 9:45. [PMID: 21510902 PMCID: PMC3112094 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-9-45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2010] [Accepted: 04/21/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We previously demonstrated that the plant-derived agent α-bisabolol enters cells via lipid rafts, binds to the pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family protein BID, and may induce apoptosis. Here we studied the activity of α-bisabolol in acute leukemia cells. Methods We tested ex vivo blasts from 42 acute leukemias (14 Philadelphia-negative and 14 Philadelphia-positive B acute lymphoid leukemias, Ph-/Ph+B-ALL; 14 acute myeloid leukemias, AML) for their sensitivity to α-bisabolol in 24-hour dose-response assays. Concentrations and time were chosen based on CD34+, CD33+my and normal peripheral blood cell sensitivity to increasing α-bisabolol concentrations for up to 120 hours. Results A clustering analysis of the sensitivity over 24 hours identified three clusters. Cluster 1 (14 ± 5 μM α-bisabolol IC50) included mainly Ph-B-ALL cells. AML cells were split into cluster 2 and 3 (45 ± 7 and 65 ± 5 μM IC50). Ph+B-ALL cells were scattered, but mainly grouped into cluster 2. All leukemias, including 3 imatinib-resistant cases, were eventually responsive, but a subset of B-ALL cells was fairly sensitive to low α-bisabolol concentrations. α-bisabolol acted as a pro-apoptotic agent via a direct damage to mitochondrial integrity, which was responsible for the decrease in NADH-supported state 3 respiration and the disruption of the mitochondrial membrane potential. Conclusion Our study provides the first evidence that α-bisabolol is a pro-apoptotic agent for primary human acute leukemia cells.
Collapse
|
42
|
Simoni E, Bergamini C, Fato R, Tarozzi A, Bains S, Motterlini R, Cavalli A, Bolognesi ML, Minarini A, Hrelia P, Lenaz G, Rosini M, Melchiorre C. Polyamine conjugation of curcumin analogues toward the discovery of mitochondria-directed neuroprotective agents. J Med Chem 2010; 53:7264-8. [PMID: 20831222 DOI: 10.1021/jm100637k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria-directed antioxidants 2-5 were designed by conjugating curcumin congeners with different polyamine motifs as vehicle tools. The conjugates emerged as efficient antioxidants in mitochondria and fibroblasts and also exerted a protecting role through heme oxygenase-1 activation. Notably, the insertion of a polyamine function into the curcumin-like moiety allowed an efficient intracellular uptake and mitochondria targeting. It also resulted in a significant decrease in the cytotoxicity effects. 2-5 are therefore promising molecules for neuroprotectant lead discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Simoni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Fato R, Bergamini C, Leoni S, Pinna A, Carta F, Cardascia N, Ferrari TM, Sborgia C, Lenaz G. Coenzyme Q10 vitreous levels after administration of coenzyme Q10 eyedrops in patients undergoing vitrectomy. Acta Ophthalmol 2010; 88:e150-1. [PMID: 19799594 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2009.01632.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
44
|
Lenaz G, Baracca A, Barbero G, Bergamini C, Dalmonte ME, Del Sole M, Faccioli M, Falasca A, Fato R, Genova ML, Sgarbi G, Solaini G. Mitochondrial respiratory chain super-complex I–III in physiology and pathology. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics 2010; 1797:633-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2010.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2009] [Revised: 01/20/2010] [Accepted: 01/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
45
|
Falcioni ML, Nasuti C, Bergamini C, Fato R, Lenaz G, Gabbianelli R. The primary role of glutathione against nuclear DNA damage of striatum induced by permethrin in rats. Neuroscience 2010; 168:2-10. [PMID: 20359525 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2010] [Revised: 03/22/2010] [Accepted: 03/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Pyrethroids are one of the most widely used class of insecticides and their toxicity is dominated by pharmacological actions upon the CNS. This study reports as the subchronic treatment (60 days) with permethrin (PERM) (1/10 of LD(50)) induced nuclear DNA damage in rat striatum cells. Comet assay outcomes showed that PERM produced single- and double-strand breaks in striatum cells, the DNA damage was not related to oxidation at pyrimidine and purine bases. Vitamin E (280 mg/kg body weight/day) and vitamin E+coenzyme Q(10) (10 mg/kg/3 ml) supplementation could protect PERM treated rats against nuclear DNA damage. With the aim to evaluate the cause of nuclear DNA damage observed in striatum of rat treated with PERM, in vitro studies on striatum submitochondrial particles (SMPs) and on striatum cells treated with 10 muM PERM alone or plus 16 or 32 nM GSH were performed. SMPs incubated with PERM showed a decrease in superoxide anion release from the electron transport chain by inhibition of mitochondrial complex I. The effect could be related to the decrease of membrane fluidity measured in the hydrophilic-hydrophobic region of the mitochondrial membrane. This result discarded the involvement of the mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in the nuclear DNA damage. On the contrary, GSH played a crucial role on striatum since it was able to protect the cells against nuclear DNA damage induced by PERM. In conclusion our outcomes suggested that nuclear DNA damage of striatum cells was directly related to GSH depletion due to PERM insecticide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M L Falcioni
- School of Advanced Studies "Ageing and Nutrition", University of Camerino, Camerino, MC, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Bolognesi ML, Cavalli A, Bergamini C, Fato R, Lenaz G, Rosini M, Bartolini M, Andrisano V, Melchiorre C. Toward a rational design of multitarget-directed antioxidants: merging memoquin and lipoic acid molecular frameworks. J Med Chem 2009; 52:7883-6. [PMID: 19813747 DOI: 10.1021/jm901123n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Novel multitargeted antioxidants 3-6 were designed by combining the antioxidant features, namely, a benzoquinone fragment and a lipoyl function, of two multifunctional lead candidates. They were then evaluated to determine their profile against Alzheimer's disease. They showed antioxidant activity, improved following enzymatic reduction, in mitochondria and T67 cell line. They also displayed a balanced inhibitory profile against amyloid-beta aggregation and acetylcholinesterase, emerging as promising molecules for neuroprotectant lead discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Laura Bolognesi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Cavalieri E, Bergamini C, Mariotto S, Leoni S, Perbellini L, Darra E, Suzuki H, Fato R, Lenaz G. Involvement of mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening in alpha-bisabolol induced apoptosis. FEBS J 2009; 276:3990-4000. [PMID: 19570051 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.07108.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-bisabolol is a natural monocyclic sesquiterpene alcohol. It has been used in cosmetics for hundreds of years because of its perceived skin-healing properties. Alpha-bisabolol is known to have anti-irritant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. In precedent studies, we described how alpha-bisabolol exerts a selective pro-apoptotic action towards transformed cells [Cavalieri E et al. (2004) Biochem Biophys Res Commun 315, 589-594] and its uptake is mediated by lipid rafts on the plasma membrane [Darra E et al. (2008) Arch Biochem Biophys 476, 113-123]. In this study, we hypothesize that the intracellular target of alpha-bisabolol may be the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). To evaluate this hypothesis, we used one transformed cell line (human glioma T67) in comparison with a nontransformed one (human fibroblasts). We assessed the effect of a specific mPTP inhibitor (cyclosporine A) on the toxic action of alpha-bisabolol. Results show that the alpha-bisabolol-induced decrease in oxygen consumption is abolished by the addition of cyclosporine A in T67 cells, indicating that alpha-bisabolol may target mPTP. The central role of mitochondria was also demonstrated by using galactose to force cells to a more aerobic metabolism. In this condition, we observed higher alpha-bisabolol toxicity. Furthermore, we studied the effect of alpha-bisabolol on isolated rat liver mitochondria. This study expands the notion of the specific action of alpha-bisabolol on transformed cells and suggests that it may act by disturbing the structure and function of the mPTP. Alpha-bisabolol toxicity is clearly related to its cellular uptake, which is higher in transformed cell lines.
Collapse
|
48
|
Fato R, Bergamini C, Bortolus M, Maniero AL, Leoni S, Ohnishi T, Lenaz G. Differential effects of mitochondrial Complex I inhibitors on production of reactive oxygen species. Biochim Biophys Acta 2008; 1787:384-92. [PMID: 19059197 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2008.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2008] [Revised: 10/29/2008] [Accepted: 11/03/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by Complex I in isolated open bovine heart submitochondrial membrane fragments during forward electron transfer in presence of NADH, by means of the probe 2',7'-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate. ROS production by Complex I is strictly related to its inhibited state. Our results indicate that different Complex I inhibitors can be grouped into two classes: Class A inhibitors (Rotenone, Piericidin A and Rolliniastatin 1 and 2) increase ROS production; Class B inhibitors (Stigmatellin, Mucidin, Capsaicin and Coenzyme Q(2)) prevent ROS production also in the presence of Class A inhibitors. Addition of the hydrophilic Coenzyme Q(1) as an electron acceptor potentiates the effect of Rotenone-like inhibitors in increasing ROS production, but has no effect in the presence of Stigmatellin-like inhibitors; the effect is not shared by more hydrophobic quinones such as decyl-ubiquinone. This behaviour relates the prooxidant CoQ(1) activity to a hydrophilic electron escape site. Moreover the two classes of Complex I inhibitors have an opposite effect on the increase of NADH-DCIP reduction induced by short chain quinones: only Class B inhibitors allow this increase, indicating the presence of a Rotenone-sensitive but Stigmatellin-insensitive semiquinone species in the active site of the enzyme. The presence of this semiquinone was also suggested by preliminary EPR data. The results suggest that electron transfer from the iron-sulphur clusters (N2) to Coenzyme Q occurs in two steps gated by two different conformations, the former being sensitive to Rotenone and the latter to Stigmatellin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Romana Fato
- Dipartimento di Biochimica G. Moruzzi, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) are mainly produced by the respiratory chain enzymes. The sites for ROS production in mitochondrial respiratory chain are normally ascribed to the activity of Complex I and III. The presence of specific inhibitors modulates reactive oxygen species production in Complex I: inhibitors such as rotenone induce a strong ROS increase, while inhibitors such as stigmatellin prevent it. We have investigated the effect of hydrophilic quinones on Complex I ROS production in presence of different inhibitors. Some short chain quinones are Complex I inhibitors (CoQ2, idebenone and its derivatives), while CoQ1, decylubiquinone~ (DB) and duroquinone (DQ) are good electron acceptors from Complex I. Our results show that the ability of short chain quinones to induce an oxidative stress depends on the site of interaction with Complex I and on their physical-chemical characteristics. We can conclude that hydrophilic quinones may enhance oxidative stress by interaction with the electron escape sites on Complex I while more hydrophobic quinones can be reduced only at the physiological quinone reducing site without reacting with molecular oxygen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Romana Fato
- Dipartimento di Biochimica G. Moruzzi, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Darra E, Lenaz G, Cavalieri E, Fato R, Mariotto S, Bergamini C, Carcereri de Prati A, Perbellini L, Leoni S, Suzuki H. Alpha-bisabolol: unexpected plant-derived weapon in the struggle against tumour survival? Ital J Biochem 2007; 56:323-328. [PMID: 19192636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Despite enormous scientific and economic effort tumour still is one of the most terrible pathologies among human population all over the world. Products derived from the plant kingdom have often offered an opportunity to counteract or alleviate this illness. Here, we summarize the short story of the study of an extraordinary effect of one plant compound towards transformed cells derived from highly malignant tumours. Alpha-bisabolol, a sesquiterpene widely present in plants, selectively kills transformed cells by apoptosis without affecting the viability of normal cells. One of its intracellular targets seems to be situated on mitochondria and is possibly identified as the permeability transition pore, as judged from rapid mitochondrial membrane potential dissipation induced by alpha-bisabolol and the failure to kill cells in the presence of cyclosporine A. Preferential adsorption of alpha-bisabolol into lipid rafts, rich in tumour cells, may explain the selective action of this compounds towards tumour cells. Furthermore, Surface Plasmon Resonance analysis indicates that alpha-bisabolol directly interacts with Bid protein, a member of the Bcl2 family deeply involved in apoptosis, suggesting a possibility that Bid, or similar protein(s), may be involved in a putative intracellular transport system of alpha-bisabolol from plasma membrane to mitochondria. Experiments with animals indicate that alpha-bisabolol is not toxic and is accumulated, through blood flow, in every tissues examined. Further animal studies to test its effect are currently under way.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Darra
- Department of Morphological and Biomedical Science, University of Verona, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|