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Pincigher L, Valenti F, Bergamini C, Prata C, Fato R, Amorati R, Jin Z, Farruggia G, Fiorentini D, Calonghi N, Zalambani C. Myrcene: A Natural Compound Showing Anticancer Activity in HeLa Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:6728. [PMID: 37764505 PMCID: PMC10537210 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
γ-terpinene, α-terpinene, p-cymene, and myrcene are monoterpenes found in many essential oils extracted from a variety of plants and spices. Myrcene also occurs naturally in plants such as hops, cannabis, lemongrass, and verbena and is used as a flavoring agent in food and beverage manufacturing. In this research, the biological efficacy of γ-terpinene, α-terpinene, p-cymene, and myrcene was studied in human cell lines (HeLa, SH-SY5Y, and HDFa). Cytotoxicity, cell proliferation, cell migration, and morphology assays were performed to obtain detailed information on the anticancer properties. Our results show that myrcene has potential biological activity, especially in HeLa cells. In this cell line, it leads to an arrest of proliferation, a decrease in motility and morphological changes with loss of sphericity and thickness, and DNA damage. In addition, the interaction of γ-terpinene, α-terpinene, p-terpinene, and myrcene with calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA) was studied by UV-visible spectrophotometry. DNA binding experiments show that only myrcene can interact with DNA with an apparent dissociation constant (Kd) of 29 × 10-6 M.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Pincigher
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.P.); (F.V.); (C.B.); (C.P.); (R.F.); (G.F.); (C.Z.)
| | - Francesca Valenti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.P.); (F.V.); (C.B.); (C.P.); (R.F.); (G.F.); (C.Z.)
| | - Christian Bergamini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.P.); (F.V.); (C.B.); (C.P.); (R.F.); (G.F.); (C.Z.)
| | - Cecilia Prata
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.P.); (F.V.); (C.B.); (C.P.); (R.F.); (G.F.); (C.Z.)
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.P.); (F.V.); (C.B.); (C.P.); (R.F.); (G.F.); (C.Z.)
| | - Riccardo Amorati
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via Gobetti 83, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (R.A.); (Z.J.)
| | - Zongxin Jin
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via Gobetti 83, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (R.A.); (Z.J.)
| | - Giovanna Farruggia
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.P.); (F.V.); (C.B.); (C.P.); (R.F.); (G.F.); (C.Z.)
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Via delle Medaglie d’Oro 305, 00136 Rome, Italy
| | - Diana Fiorentini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.P.); (F.V.); (C.B.); (C.P.); (R.F.); (G.F.); (C.Z.)
| | - Natalia Calonghi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.P.); (F.V.); (C.B.); (C.P.); (R.F.); (G.F.); (C.Z.)
| | - Chiara Zalambani
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.P.); (F.V.); (C.B.); (C.P.); (R.F.); (G.F.); (C.Z.)
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Di Matteo R, Caccamo I, Arcidiacono S, Bertin G, Chiamosa E, Valenti F, Mugone S, De Piaggia A, Daniele A, Clara M, Gatti D, Bolgeo T, Maconi A. [Assessing the impact of bladder ultrasound on catheter-associated urinary tract infections and health-care costs: an observational pre-post study]. Assist Inferm Ric 2023; 42:131-136. [PMID: 37721338 DOI: 10.1702/4095.40917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
. Assessing the impact of bladder ultrasound on catheter-associated urinary tract infections and health-care costs: an observational pre-post study. INTRODUCTION The placement of a urinary catheter is a standard procedure, but it can cause discomfort, increase the risk of infections and costs. Pelvic ultrasound is a non-invasive assessment of the bladder and bladder catheter placement that can be performed by nurses. AIM To assess the appropriateness of urinary catheter placement using bladder ultrasound, to monitor urinary catheter-associated urinary tract infections and costs associated with catheter use. METHODS A single-centre pre-post observational study was conducted from September 2021 to August 2022 in patients aged >18 years requiring urinary monitoring; the first 6 months patients were assessed without the use of bladder ultrasound (control group), while the last 6 months with bladder ultrasound. RESULTS 189 patients were included in the pre-ultrasound group and 175 patients in the post-ultrasound group; the demographic and clinical characteristics of the two groups were comparable. The rate of inappropriate catheterisation was 22.6% in the pre-group, whereas no inappropriate catheterisation was performed in the post-group. There was a 2.2% of absolute reduction in the rate of urinary tract infections (from 8.5% to 6.3%). Costs associated with the use of urinary catheters were reduced by 74.2% (from 173 to 44.8 euros). CONCLUSIONS Bladder ultrasound in clinical practice is feasible and reduced the inappropriate use of bladder catheters, reducing patient risks and healthcare costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Di Matteo
- Infrastruttura Ricerca, Formazione e Innovazione, Dipartimento delle Attività Integrate Ricerca e Innovazione, Azienda Ospedaliera SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italia
| | - Irene Caccamo
- Medicina Interna, Struttura Complessa a Direzione Universitaria S.C.D.U., Azienda Ospedaliera SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italia
| | - Simona Arcidiacono
- S.C. Direzione delle Professioni Sanitarie, Azienda Ospedaliera SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italia
| | - Giovanna Bertin
- Medicina Interna, Struttura Complessa a Direzione Universitaria S.C.D.U., Azienda Ospedaliera SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italia
| | - Elena Chiamosa
- Medicina Interna, Struttura Complessa a Direzione Universitaria S.C.D.U., Azienda Ospedaliera SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italia
| | - Francesca Valenti
- Medicina Interna, Struttura Complessa a Direzione Universitaria S.C.D.U., Azienda Ospedaliera SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italia
| | - Sara Mugone
- Medicina Interna, Struttura Complessa a Direzione Universitaria S.C.D.U., Azienda Ospedaliera SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italia
| | - Alessia De Piaggia
- Medicina Interna, Struttura Complessa a Direzione Universitaria S.C.D.U., Azienda Ospedaliera SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italia
| | - Assunta Daniele
- Medicina Interna, Struttura Complessa a Direzione Universitaria S.C.D.U., Azienda Ospedaliera SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italia
| | - Miriana Clara
- Medicina Interna, Struttura Complessa a Direzione Universitaria S.C.D.U., Azienda Ospedaliera SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italia
| | - Denise Gatti
- Infrastruttura Ricerca, Formazione e Innovazione, Dipartimento delle Attività Integrate Ricerca e Innovazione, Azienda Ospedaliera SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italia
| | - Tatiana Bolgeo
- Infrastruttura Ricerca, Formazione e Innovazione, Dipartimento delle Attività Integrate Ricerca e Innovazione, Azienda Ospedaliera SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italia
| | - Antonio Maconi
- Direzione del Dipartimento delle Attività Integrate Ricerca e Innovazione, Azienda Ospedaliera SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italia
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Mozzi A, Oldani M, Forcella ME, Vantaggiato C, Cappelletti G, Pontremoli C, Valenti F, Forni D, Saresella M, Biasin M, Sironi M, Fusi P, Cagliani R. SARS-CoV-2 ORF3c impairs mitochondrial respiratory metabolism, oxidative stress, and autophagic flux. iScience 2023; 26:107118. [PMID: 37361873 PMCID: PMC10265927 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronaviruses encode a variable number of accessory proteins that are involved in host-virus interaction, suppression of immune responses, or immune evasion. SARS-CoV-2 encodes at least twelve accessory proteins, whose roles during infection have been studied. Nevertheless, the role of the ORF3c accessory protein, an alternative open reading frame of ORF3a, has remained elusive. Herein, we show that the ORF3c protein has a mitochondrial localization and alters mitochondrial metabolism, inducing a shift from glucose to fatty acids oxidation and enhanced oxidative phosphorylation. These effects result in increased ROS production and block of the autophagic flux. In particular, ORF3c affects lysosomal acidification, blocking the normal autophagic degradation process and leading to autolysosome accumulation. We also observed different effect on autophagy for SARS-CoV-2 and batCoV RaTG13 ORF3c proteins; the 36R and 40K sites are necessary and sufficient to determine these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Mozzi
- Scientific Institute IRCCS E. MEDEA, Bioinformatics, Bosisio Parini, 23842, Italy
| | - Monica Oldani
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, 20126, Italy
| | - Matilde E Forcella
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, 20126, Italy
| | - Chiara Vantaggiato
- Scientific Institute IRCCS E. MEDEA, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Bosisio Parini, 23842, Italy
| | - Gioia Cappelletti
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, 20157, Italy
| | - Chiara Pontremoli
- Scientific Institute IRCCS E. MEDEA, Bioinformatics, Bosisio Parini, 23842, Italy
| | - Francesca Valenti
- Scientific Institute IRCCS E. MEDEA, Bioinformatics, Bosisio Parini, 23842, Italy
| | - Diego Forni
- Scientific Institute IRCCS E. MEDEA, Bioinformatics, Bosisio Parini, 23842, Italy
| | - Marina Saresella
- Don C. Gnocchi Foundation ONLUS, IRCCS, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Milan, 20148, Italy
| | - Mara Biasin
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, 20157, Italy
| | - Manuela Sironi
- Scientific Institute IRCCS E. MEDEA, Bioinformatics, Bosisio Parini, 23842, Italy
| | - Paola Fusi
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, 20126, Italy
| | - Rachele Cagliani
- Scientific Institute IRCCS E. MEDEA, Bioinformatics, Bosisio Parini, 23842, Italy
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Bergamini C, Leoni I, Rizzardi N, Melli M, Galvani G, Coada CA, Giovannini C, Monti E, Liparulo I, Valenti F, Ferracin M, Ravaioli M, Cescon M, Vasuri F, Piscaglia F, Negrini M, Stefanelli C, Fato R, Gramantieri L, Fornari F. MiR-494 induces metabolic changes through G6pc targeting and modulates sorafenib response in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:145. [PMID: 37301960 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02718-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic reprogramming is a well-known marker of cancer, and it represents an early event during hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. The recent approval of several molecular targeted agents has revolutionized the management of advanced HCC patients. Nevertheless, the lack of circulating biomarkers still affects patient stratification to tailored treatments. In this context, there is an urgent need for biomarkers to aid treatment choice and for novel and more effective therapeutic combinations to avoid the development of drug-resistant phenotypes. This study aims to prove the involvement of miR-494 in metabolic reprogramming of HCC, to identify novel miRNA-based therapeutic combinations and to evaluate miR-494 potential as a circulating biomarker. METHODS Bioinformatics analysis identified miR-494 metabolic targets. QPCR analysis of glucose 6-phosphatase catalytic subunit (G6pc) was performed in HCC patients and preclinical models. Functional analysis and metabolic assays assessed G6pc targeting and miR-494 involvement in metabolic changes, mitochondrial dysfunction, and ROS production in HCC cells. Live-imaging analysis evaluated the effects of miR-494/G6pc axis in cell growth of HCC cells under stressful conditions. Circulating miR-494 levels were assayed in sorafenib-treated HCC patients and DEN-HCC rats. RESULTS MiR-494 induced the metabolic shift of HCC cells toward a glycolytic phenotype through G6pc targeting and HIF-1A pathway activation. MiR-494/G6pc axis played an active role in metabolic plasticity of cancer cells, leading to glycogen and lipid droplets accumulation that favored cell survival under harsh environmental conditions. High miR-494 serum levels associated with sorafenib resistance in preclinical models and in a preliminary cohort of HCC patients. An enhanced anticancer effect was observed for treatment combinations between antagomiR-494 and sorafenib or 2-deoxy-glucose in HCC cells. CONCLUSIONS MiR-494/G6pc axis is critical for the metabolic rewiring of cancer cells and associates with poor prognosis. MiR-494 deserves attention as a candidate biomarker of likelihood of response to sorafenib to be tested in future validation studies. MiR-494 represents a promising therapeutic target for combination strategies with sorafenib or metabolic interference molecules for the treatment of HCC patients who are ineligible for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bergamini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ilaria Leoni
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research - CRBA, University of Bologna, Policlinico di Sant'Orsola, 40138, Bologna, Italy
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47921, Rimini, Italy
| | - Nicola Rizzardi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mattia Melli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Galvani
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research - CRBA, University of Bologna, Policlinico di Sant'Orsola, 40138, Bologna, Italy
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47921, Rimini, Italy
| | | | - Catia Giovannini
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research - CRBA, University of Bologna, Policlinico di Sant'Orsola, 40138, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Monti
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research - CRBA, University of Bologna, Policlinico di Sant'Orsola, 40138, Bologna, Italy
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47921, Rimini, Italy
| | - Irene Liparulo
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Valenti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Ferracin
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Matteo Ravaioli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
- Hepato-biliary Surgery and Transplant Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Matteo Cescon
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
- Hepato-biliary Surgery and Transplant Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Vasuri
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabio Piscaglia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergic Diseases, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Massarenti, 9, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Massimo Negrini
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44100, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Claudio Stefanelli
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47921, Rimini, Italy
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Gramantieri
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergic Diseases, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Massarenti, 9, 40138, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Francesca Fornari
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research - CRBA, University of Bologna, Policlinico di Sant'Orsola, 40138, Bologna, Italy.
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47921, Rimini, Italy.
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Valenti F, Parlato MCM, Pecorino B, Selvaggi R. Enhancement of sustainable bioenergy production by valorising tomato residues: A GIS-based model. Sci Total Environ 2023; 869:161766. [PMID: 36702285 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In order to increase the utilization of renewable energy sources, the biomethane production through anaerobic digestion has notably developed over the last years. Although, it is worldwide recognized, that valorising waste resources (i.e., by-products) is an opportunity to improve the efficiency rate of the agro-industrial chains, by reducing economic and environmental impact, it is necessary to support the strategic planning development of a future sustainable biomethane chain in line to circular economy. In this study, by adopting network information technologies, the importance of a strategic planning for sustainable developing biomethane sector was highlighted, since feedstocks logistic and supply phase is a key-aspect of any bioenergy project. The developed Geographic Information Systems (GIS) - methodology, that could be applied in any territorial area considering any type of biomass, allowed to define suitable locations for allocating new anaerobic digestion plants with the aim of developing a sustainable valorisation of tomato residues, by minimising the economic and environmental impacts. The achieved results provided advanced knowledge for the literature on the topic, helping to develop an operational GIS-tool for defining sustainable strategies for planning new plants, and proved that the development of integrated approach to define sustainable strategies for resource management along the whole supply chain is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Valenti
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environment (Di3A), Building and Land Engineering Section, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia n. 98-100, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Monica C M Parlato
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environment (Di3A), Building and Land Engineering Section, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia n. 98-100, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Biagio Pecorino
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environment (Di3A), Agricultural and Food Economics Section, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia n. 98-100, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Roberta Selvaggi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environment (Di3A), Agricultural and Food Economics Section, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia n. 98-100, 95123 Catania, Italy.
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Reggiani A, Avati A, Valenti F, Fasano E, Bua G, Manaresi E, Gallinella G. A Functional Minigenome of Parvovirus B19. Viruses 2022; 14:v14010084. [PMID: 35062288 PMCID: PMC8780457 DOI: 10.3390/v14010084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Parvovirus B19 (B19V) is a human pathogenic virus of clinical relevance, characterized by a selective tropism for erythroid progenitor cells in bone marrow. Relevant information on viral characteristics and lifecycle can be obtained from experiments involving engineered genetic systems in appropriate in vitro cellular models. Previously, a B19V genome of defined consensus sequence was designed, synthesized and cloned in a complete and functional form, able to replicate and produce infectious viral particles in a producer/amplifier cell system. Based on such a system, we have now designed and produced a derived B19V minigenome, reduced to a replicon unit. The genome terminal regions were maintained in a form able to sustain viral replication, while the internal region was clipped to include only the left-side genetic set, containing the coding sequence for the functional NS1 protein. Following transfection in UT7/EpoS1 cells, this minigenome still proved competent for replication, transcription and production of NS1 protein. Further, the B19V minigenome was able to complement B19-derived, NS1-defective genomes, restoring their ability to express viral capsid proteins. The B19V genome was thus engineered to yield a two-component system, with complementing functions, providing a valuable tool for studying viral expression and genetics, suitable to further engineering for purposes of translational research.
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7
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Cardani L, Valenti F, Casali N, Catelani G, Charpentier T, Clemenza M, Colantoni I, Cruciani A, D'Imperio G, Gironi L, Grünhaupt L, Gusenkova D, Henriques F, Lagoin M, Martinez M, Pettinari G, Rusconi C, Sander O, Tomei C, Ustinov AV, Weber M, Wernsdorfer W, Vignati M, Pirro S, Pop IM. Reducing the impact of radioactivity on quantum circuits in a deep-underground facility. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2733. [PMID: 33980835 PMCID: PMC8115287 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23032-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
As quantum coherence times of superconducting circuits have increased from nanoseconds to hundreds of microseconds, they are currently one of the leading platforms for quantum information processing. However, coherence needs to further improve by orders of magnitude to reduce the prohibitive hardware overhead of current error correction schemes. Reaching this goal hinges on reducing the density of broken Cooper pairs, so-called quasiparticles. Here, we show that environmental radioactivity is a significant source of nonequilibrium quasiparticles. Moreover, ionizing radiation introduces time-correlated quasiparticle bursts in resonators on the same chip, further complicating quantum error correction. Operating in a deep-underground lead-shielded cryostat decreases the quasiparticle burst rate by a factor thirty and reduces dissipation up to a factor four, showcasing the importance of radiation abatement in future solid-state quantum hardware.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - F Valenti
- PHI, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
- IPE, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - N Casali
- INFN Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - G Catelani
- JARA Institute for Quantum Information, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - T Charpentier
- PHI, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - M Clemenza
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano - Bicocca, Milano, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Milano - Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - I Colantoni
- INFN Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy
- Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Dip. Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | | | | | - L Gironi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano - Bicocca, Milano, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Milano - Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - L Grünhaupt
- PHI, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - D Gusenkova
- PHI, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - F Henriques
- PHI, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - M Lagoin
- PHI, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - M Martinez
- Fundación ARAID and Centro de Astropartículas y Física de Altas Energías, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - G Pettinari
- Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies, National Research Council, Rome, Italy
| | - C Rusconi
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi, Italy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA
| | - O Sander
- IPE, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - C Tomei
- INFN Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - A V Ustinov
- PHI, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
- National University of Science and Technology MISIS, Moscow, Russia
- Russian Quantum Center, Skolkovo, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Weber
- IPE, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - W Wernsdorfer
- PHI, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
- IQMT, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institut Néel, CNRS and Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
| | - M Vignati
- INFN Sezione di Roma, Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - S Pirro
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi, Italy
| | - I M Pop
- PHI, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany.
- IQMT, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
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Parlato MCM, Valenti F, Porto SMC. Covering plastic films in greenhouses system: A GIS-based model to improve post use suistainable management. J Environ Manage 2020; 263:110389. [PMID: 32174530 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Yearly, in Europe, more than 1 million tonnes of plastic materials are used in agricultural activities. Among the possible applications, plastic films for protected cultivation practices are highly used worldwide because of the significant advantage deriving from the shortening of the growing period. However, in the absence of a correct policy disposal of plastic films, environmental degradation could take place with serious ecological and economic consequences. In this study, a geographical information system (GIS) - based model to locate and quantify the yearly amount of agricultural plastic waste (APW) coming from crop-shelter coverage used in greenhouses system was put forward and was applied in a study area located in southern Italy, highly characterised by protected cultivation practices. Firstly, the areas with the highest density of crop shelters were mapped, then a suitable index to determine APW amount was computed and applied to obtain heat maps related to covering plastic films. Finally, sensitivity analyses were carried out by varying thickness, lifetime, and density of the covering films of the greenhouses, located in the considered samples. The index ranged between 976 kg ha-1yr-1and, 2484 kg ha-1yr-1. The results showed that the density of greenhouses and tunnels-greenhouses is still elevated nearby the coastline, highlighting that the guidelines of the territorial plan of the Province of Ragusa concerning the displacement of protected crops from the coast to the internal rural areas were disregarded. Moreover, the GIS-based model results could provide basic information for the analysis of the environmental impact due to transportation of APW. Therefore, these results could offer a suitable tool to improve the correct disposal management of covering plastic films and the related recycle policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica C M Parlato
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Building and Land Engineering Section, Via S. Sofia 100, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Francesca Valenti
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Building and Land Engineering Section, Via S. Sofia 100, 95123, Catania, Italy.
| | - Simona M C Porto
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Building and Land Engineering Section, Via S. Sofia 100, 95123, Catania, Italy
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9
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Cascone S, Ingrao C, Valenti F, Porto SMC. Energy and environmental assessment of plastic granule production from recycled greenhouse covering films in a circular economy perspective. J Environ Manage 2020; 254:109796. [PMID: 31731026 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Plastic films can be considered as a high-value auxiliary material in agriculture with multiple important uses to fulfil, including covering films in greenhouse cultivation system. Such an application enables several benefits and, therefore, it is going through an important upsurge, especially in regions where protected crop cultivation is highly widespread. However, the increased demand for these covering films arouses concerns for their post-use treatment with regard to both the consumption of Non-Renewable Primary Energy (NRPE) resources and the emission of Greenhouse Gases (GHGs). Therefore, environmental analysis is needed to find and follow cleaner paths for the management and treatment of this kind of Agricultural Plastic Waste (APW), especially in the light of the gap currently existing in the specialised literature. In this context, this paper reports upon findings from a combined Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of single environmental issues (i.e., energy and water consumption, and GHG emissions) applied to a Sicilian firm, representative of APW collection and recycling to obtain Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) granules. The results showed that electricity consumption for the whole recycling process is the most NRPE resource demanding and the most GHG emitting input item. Moreover, the washing phase of disused covering films is the highest water demanding within the recycling process. Potential improvements could be achieved by shifting from fossil energy source to renewable one. The installation of a wind power plant would lead to around 56% and 85% reduction in NRPE resource exploitation and GHG emission, respectively. Finally, despite the huge consumption of water and NRPE resources and the resulting GHG emissions, the production of recycled-LDPE granules is far more sustainable than the virgin counterpart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Cascone
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 64, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Carlo Ingrao
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kore University of Enna, Cittadella Universitaria, 94100, Enna, Italy
| | - Francesca Valenti
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 100 - 95123, Catania, Italy.
| | - Simona M C Porto
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 100 - 95123, Catania, Italy
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10
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Valenti F, Porto SMC, Selvaggi R, Pecorino B. Co-digestion of by-products and agricultural residues: A bioeconomy perspective for a Mediterranean feedstock mixture. Sci Total Environ 2020; 700:134440. [PMID: 31655454 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study focused on applying batch and continuous co-digestion approaches to investigate the effects of a feedstock mixture (FM) constituted by ten Mediterranean feedstocks highly available in the Mediterranean area (i.e., olive pomace, olive mill wastewater, citrus pulp, poultry litter, poultry and cattle manure, whey and cereal straw) on methane production for bioenergy generation. For the same feedstock mixture (FM), two different anaerobic digestion (AD) tests were carried out to evaluate the possible inhibitory effects of some biomasses on the biological process. The first AD test showed a methane yield equal to 229 Nm3CH4/tVS (27% lower than that measured during the batch test). During the second AD test, the specific production was 272 m3CH4/tVS. Both tests showed a similar methane content of methane in the biogas, equal to about 57%. The first AD test showed an inhibition effect of the process: total conversion of the organic matter into biogas was not ended. The second batch test demonstrated that the selected FM could be viable to carry out the co-digestion and could provide a flexible solution to generate advanced biofuels in biogas plants located in the Mediterranean area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Valenti
- Building and Land Engineering Section, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Simona M C Porto
- Building and Land Engineering Section, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Roberta Selvaggi
- Agricultural Economics Section, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Biagio Pecorino
- Agricultural Economics Section, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy.
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11
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Valenti F, Porto SMC, Selvaggi R, Pecorino B. Evaluation of biomethane potential from by-products and agricultural residues co-digestion in southern Italy. J Environ Manage 2018; 223:834-840. [PMID: 29986331 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.06.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The suitability of the co-digestion of feedstock-mixtures (by-products and agricultural residues) depends on their ability to produce biogas. In this study, the effects of mixing five feedstocks (citrus pulp, olive pomace, poultry manure, Italian sainfoin silage and opuntia fresh cladodes) on anaerobic digestion for biogas production have been investigated by carrying out biomethane potential (BMP) tests on six different mixing ratios of the selected five biomasses. The BMP test results demonstrated that all the six studied feedstock-mixtures could be potentially used for renewable energy generation by biogas plants. More in detail, two mixing ratios of the studied feedstock-mixtures showed the best biomethane potential of 249.9 and 260.1 Nm3CH4/tVS, respectively. Since this research study made it possible to screen the suitability and technical feasibility of the feedstock-mixtures analysed, the results provide the basis for subsequent pilot scale evaluation of anaerobic digestion in Mediterranean area, where by-products and agricultural residues are profuse and necessary to produce advanced biofuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Valenti
- Building and Land Engineering Section, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 100, 95123, Catania, Italy.
| | - Simona M C Porto
- Building and Land Engineering Section, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 100, 95123, Catania, Italy.
| | - Roberta Selvaggi
- Agricultural and Food Economics Section, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 100, 95123, Catania, Italy.
| | - Biagio Pecorino
- Agricultural and Food Economics Section, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 100, 95123, Catania, Italy.
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12
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Maleeva N, Grünhaupt L, Klein T, Levy-Bertrand F, Dupre O, Calvo M, Valenti F, Winkel P, Friedrich F, Wernsdorfer W, Ustinov AV, Rotzinger H, Monfardini A, Fistul MV, Pop IM. Circuit quantum electrodynamics of granular aluminum resonators. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3889. [PMID: 30250205 PMCID: PMC6155321 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06386-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Granular aluminum (grAl) is a promising high kinetic inductance material for detectors, amplifiers, and qubits. Here we model the grAl structure, consisting of pure aluminum grains separated by thin aluminum oxide barriers, as a network of Josephson junctions, and we calculate the dispersion relation and nonlinearity (self-Kerr and cross-Kerr coefficients). To experimentally study the electrodynamics of grAl thin films, we measure microwave resonators with open-boundary conditions and test the theoretical predictions in two limits. For low frequencies, we use standard microwave reflection measurements in a low-loss environment. The measured low-frequency modes are in agreement with our dispersion relation model, and we observe self-Kerr coefficients within an order of magnitude from our calculation starting from the grAl microstructure. Using a high-frequency setup, we measure the plasma frequency of the film around 70 GHz, in agreement with the analytical prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Maleeva
- Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Wolfgang-Gaede-Str. 1, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - L Grünhaupt
- Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Wolfgang-Gaede-Str. 1, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - T Klein
- Universite Grenoble Alpes, Institut NEEL, 25 rue des Martyrs BP 166, F-3800, Grenoble, France
- CNRS, Institut NEEL, 25 rue des Martyrs BP 166, F-3800, Grenoble, France
| | - F Levy-Bertrand
- Universite Grenoble Alpes, Institut NEEL, 25 rue des Martyrs BP 166, F-3800, Grenoble, France
- CNRS, Institut NEEL, 25 rue des Martyrs BP 166, F-3800, Grenoble, France
| | - O Dupre
- Universite Grenoble Alpes, Institut NEEL, 25 rue des Martyrs BP 166, F-3800, Grenoble, France
- CNRS, Institut NEEL, 25 rue des Martyrs BP 166, F-3800, Grenoble, France
| | - M Calvo
- Universite Grenoble Alpes, Institut NEEL, 25 rue des Martyrs BP 166, F-3800, Grenoble, France
- CNRS, Institut NEEL, 25 rue des Martyrs BP 166, F-3800, Grenoble, France
| | - F Valenti
- Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Wolfgang-Gaede-Str. 1, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - P Winkel
- Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Wolfgang-Gaede-Str. 1, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - F Friedrich
- Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Wolfgang-Gaede-Str. 1, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - W Wernsdorfer
- Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Wolfgang-Gaede-Str. 1, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
- CNRS, Institut NEEL, 25 rue des Martyrs BP 166, F-3800, Grenoble, France
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344, Eggenstein Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - A V Ustinov
- Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Wolfgang-Gaede-Str. 1, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Russian Quantum Center, National University of Science and Technology MISIS, Leninskiy prsp., 4, 119049, Moscow, Russia
| | - H Rotzinger
- Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Wolfgang-Gaede-Str. 1, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - A Monfardini
- Universite Grenoble Alpes, Institut NEEL, 25 rue des Martyrs BP 166, F-3800, Grenoble, France
- CNRS, Institut NEEL, 25 rue des Martyrs BP 166, F-3800, Grenoble, France
| | - M V Fistul
- Russian Quantum Center, National University of Science and Technology MISIS, Leninskiy prsp., 4, 119049, Moscow, Russia
- Center for Theoretical Physics of Complex Systems, Institute for Basic Science, Expo-ro 55, Yuseong-gu, 34051, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - I M Pop
- Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Wolfgang-Gaede-Str. 1, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein Leopoldshafen, Germany.
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13
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Valenti F, Zhong Y, Sun M, Porto SMC, Toscano A, Dale BE, Sibilla F, Liao W. Anaerobic co-digestion of multiple agricultural residues to enhance biogas production in southern Italy. Waste Manag 2018; 78:151-157. [PMID: 32559898 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To valorize agricultural wastes and byproducts in southern Italy, anaerobic co-digestion of six feedstocks (citrus pulp, olive pomace, cattle manure, poultry litter, whey, and corn silage) was studied to produce biogas for renewable energy generation. Both batch and semi-continuous co-digestion approaches were adopted to carry out the investigation. The feedstocks were mixed at different percentages according to their availabilities in southern Italy. The batch anaerobic co-digestion demonstrated that six studied feedstock mixtures generated an average of 239 mL CH4/g VS loading without significant difference between each other, which concluded that the feedstock mixtures can be used for biogas production. Considering the feedstock availability of citrus pulp and olive pomace in Sicily, three feedstock mixtures with the highest volatile solids concentration of citrus pulp (42% citrus pulp, 17% corn silage, 4% cattle manure, 8% poultry litter, and 18% whey; 34% citrus pulp, 8% olive pomace, 17% corn silage, 4% cattle manure, 8% poultry litter, and 18% whey; and 25% citrus pulp, 16% olive pomace, 17% corn silage, 4% cattle manure, 8% poultry litter, and 18% whey, respectively) were selected to run the semi-continuous anaerobic digestion. Under the stabilized culture condition, the feed mixture with 42% citrus pulp, 17% corn silage, 4% cattle manure, 8% poultry litter, and 18% whey presented the best biogas production (231 L methane/kg VS loading/day). The corresponding mass and energy balance concluded that all three tested feedstock mixtures have positive net energy outputs (1.5, 0.9, and 1.2 kWh-e/kg dry feedstock mixture, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Valenti
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, Catania, Italy; Anaerobic Digestion Research and Education Center, Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Yuan Zhong
- Anaerobic Digestion Research and Education Center, Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Mingxuan Sun
- Anaerobic Digestion Research and Education Center, Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Simona M C Porto
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, Catania, Italy
| | - Attilio Toscano
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Bruce E Dale
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | - Wei Liao
- Anaerobic Digestion Research and Education Center, Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
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14
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Savoia G, Coluzzi F, Di Maria C, Ambrosio F, Della Corte F, Oggioni R, Messina A, Costantini A, Launo C, Mattia C, Paoletti F, Lo Presti C, Bertini L, Peduto AV, De Iaco F, Schiraldi F, Bussani F, De Vito L, Giagnorio G, Marinangeli F, Coaccioli S, Aurilio C, Valenti F, Bonetti C, Piroli A, Paladini A, Ciccozzi A, Matarazzo T, Marraro G, Paolicchi A, Martino A, De Blasio E, Cerchiari E, Radeschi G. Italian Intersociety Recommendations on pain management in the emergency setting (SIAARTI, SIMEU, SIS 118, AISD, SIARED, SICUT, IRC). Minerva Anestesiol 2015; 81:205-225. [PMID: 24847740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGRAUND Pain is the primary reason for admission to the Emergency Department (ED). However, the management of pain in this setting is often inadequate because of opiophagia, fear of excessive sedation, and fear of compromising an adequate clinical assessment. METHODS An intersociety consensus conference was held in 2010 on the assessment and treatment of pain in the emergency setting. This report is the Italian Intersociety recommendations on pain management in the emergency department setting. RESULTS The list of level A recommendations includes: 1) use of IV acetaminophen for opioid sparing properties and reduction of opioid related adverse events; 2) ketamine-midazolam combination preferred over fentanyl-midazolam fentanyl-propofol in pediatric patients; 3) boluses of ketamine IV (particularly in the population under the age of 2 years and over the age of 13) can lead to impairment of the upper airways, including the onset of laryngospasm, requiring specific expertise and skills for administration; 4) the use of ketamine increases the potential risk of psychomotor agitation, which can happen in up to 30% of adult patients (this peculiar side effect can be significantly reduced by concomitant systemic use of benzodiazepines); 5) for shoulder dislocations and fractures of the upper limbs, the performance of brachial plexus block reduces the time spent in ED compared to sedation; 6) pain relief and the use of opioids in patients with acute abdominal pain do not increase the risk of error in the diagnostic and therapeutic pathway in adults; 7) in newborns, the administration of sucrose reduces behavioural responses to blood sampling from a heel puncture; 8) in newborns, breastfeeding or formula feeding during the procedure reduces the measures of distress; 9) in pediatric patients, non-pharmacological techniques such as distraction, hypnosis and cognitive-behavioural interventions reduce procedural pain caused by the use of needles; 10) in pediatric patients, preventive application of eutectic mixtures of prilocaine and lidocaine allows arterial and venous samples to be taken in optimum conditions; 11) in pediatric patients, the combination of hypnotics (midazolam) and N2O is effective for procedural pain, but may be accompanied by loss of consciousness. CONCLUSION The diagnostic-therapeutic pathway of pain management in emergency should be implemented, through further interdisciplinary trials, in order to improve the EBM level of specific guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Savoia
- UOSC TIGU-CAV, AORN A. Cardarelli, Napoli, Italia -
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15
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Cazzaniga M, Gheit T, Casadio C, Khan N, Macis D, Valenti F, Miller MJ, Sylla BS, Akiba S, Bonanni B, Decensi A, Veronesi U, Tommasino M. Analysis of the presence of cutaneous and mucosal papillomavirus types in ductal lavage fluid, milk and colostrum to evaluate its role in breast carcinogenesis. BMC Proc 2009. [PMCID: PMC2727114 DOI: 10.1186/1753-6561-3-s5-s5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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16
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Baratelli G, Barbone R, Buzzetti L, Valenti F, Casalvieri L, Sala A, Zucchello L, Burzio M, Giossi A, Guanella S. Evaluation of hereditary risk for breast cancer. EJC Suppl 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(06)80100-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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17
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Metzger DS, Koblin B, Turner C, Navaline H, Valenti F, Holte S, Gross M, Sheon A, Miller H, Cooley P, Seage GR. Randomized controlled trial of audio computer-assisted self-interviewing: utility and acceptability in longitudinal studies. HIVNET Vaccine Preparedness Study Protocol Team. Am J Epidemiol 2000; 152:99-106. [PMID: 10909945 DOI: 10.1093/aje/152.2.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 362] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have reported on the utility of audio computer-assisted self-interviewing (ACASI) in surveys of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk behaviors that involve a single assessment. This paper reports the results of a test of ACASI within a longitudinal study of HIV risk behavior and infection. Study participants (gay men (n = 1,974) and injection drug users (n = 903)) were randomly assigned to either ACASI or interviewer-administered assessment at their second follow-up visit 12 months after baseline. Significantly more of the sexually active gay men assessed via ACASI reported having sexual partners who were HIV antibody positive (odds ratio = 1.36, 95% confidence interval: 1.08, 1.72), and a higher proportion reported unprotected receptive anal intercourse. Among injection drug users (IDUs), our hypothesis was partially supported. Significantly more IDUs assessed via ACASI reported using a needle after another person without cleaning it (odds ratio = 2.40, 95% confidence interval: 1.34, 4.30). ACASI-assessed IDUs reported similar rates of needle sharing and needle exchange use but a lower frequency of injection. Participants reported few problems using ACASI, and it was well accepted among members of both risk groups. Sixty percent of the participants felt that the ACASI elicited more honest responses than did interviewer-administered questionnaires. Together, these data are consistent with prior research findings and suggest that ACASI can enhance the quality of behavioral assessment and provide an acceptable method for collecting self-reports of HIV risk behavior in longitudinal studies and clinical trials of prevention interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Metzger
- University of Pennsylvania/VA Center for Studies of Addiction, Philadelphia 19104, USA.
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18
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Ginevri F, Gusmano R, Oleggini R, Valenti F, Botti G, Musante L, Candiano G, Ravazzolo R, Ghiggeri GM. Activation of COL3A1 promoter activity by cyclosporine. Transplant Proc 1998; 30:955-6. [PMID: 9636386 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(98)00108-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Ginevri
- Nephrology Section, G. Gaslini Children's Hospital, Genoa, Italy
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19
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Ginevri F, Gusmano R, Altieri P, Valenti F, Oleggini R, Giampuzzi M, Caridi G, Ravazzolo R, Ghiggeri GM. Expression of collagen by renal fibroblasts treated with FK 506 in vitro. Transplant Proc 1998; 30:957-8. [PMID: 9636387 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(98)00109-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Ginevri
- Nephrology Section, G. Gaslini Children's Hospital, Genoa, Italy
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20
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Bertelli R, Valenti F, Oleggini R, Caridi G, Altieri P, Coviello DA, Botti G, Ravazzolo R, Ghiggeri GM. Cell-specific regulation of alpha1(III) and alpha2(V) collagen by TGF-beta1 in tubulointerstitial cell models. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1998; 13:573-9. [PMID: 9550630 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/13.3.573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND TGF-beta1 modulates the cellular expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) in several renal cell systems in vitro and is considered a determinant of ECM accumulation in tubulointerstitial fibrosis. METHODS We evaluated the effects of TGF-beta1 on collagen transcription, expression, and removal of the relevant collagens by rat tubuloepithelial cells (NRK 52E) and both rat and monkey interstitial fibroblasts (NRK 49F, CV1) in vitro. RESULTS TGF-beta1 upregulated the expression of alpha1(III) collagen by fibroblasts (+300%) without affecting its removal. In parallel, a threefold increment of COL3A1 mRNA was found. Experiments of cell transfection employing CV1 fibroblasts as the unique suitable model, and chimaeric constructs of COL3A1 and COL5A2 promoters fused to the luciferase reporter gene, demonstrated a twofold stimulation of a large 1436 COL3A1 promoter construct and negligible effects on shorter fragments, suggesting the presence of a positive responsive element in a region of COL3A1 promoter between -1375 and -579. TGF-beta1 did not influence COL5A2 mRNA and the relative promoter activity in renal fibroblasts. With NRK 52E cell line, TGF-beta1 induced comparable increment of both alpha1(III) collagen expression (+300%) and COL3A1 mRNA (+300%) without affecting the COL3A1 promoter activity of any constructs. TGF-beta1 also upregulated the expression of alpha2(V) collagen chain (+500%) and COL5A2 mRNA (+500%) with a stimulatory effect (+100%) on a 1177 bp fragment of COL5A2 promoter. In this case a relevant inhibitory effect of TGF-beta1, on removal of alpha2(V) by supernatants of NRK 52E was also observed, indicating a double regulatory role of the cytokine on both transcription and removal of this component of ECM. CONCLUSION Taken together these data indicate that TGF-beta1 is a potent stimulator of alpha1(III) collagen expression by renal fibroblast cell lines in vitro, the basic mechanism being stimulation of COL3A1 transcription. With renal epithelial cell lines, TGF-beta1 mainly upregulated the expression of type V collagen with the most relevant effect on stimulation of collagen transcription and inhibition of its removal. Tubular epithelial cells and renal fibroblasts should play distinct roles in renal fibrosis induced by TGF-beta1 in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bertelli
- Nephrology Section, G. Gaslini Institute, Genova, Italy
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21
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Parnigotto PP, Bassani V, Gottardo A, Conconi MT, Valenti F. Growth, morphology, morphometry and keratin patterns of bovine corneal epithelial cells cultured in vitro. Ann Anat 1996; 178:545-51. [PMID: 9010571 DOI: 10.1016/s0940-9602(96)80114-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of different culture systems on bovine corneal epithelial cells were analysed in order to better understand the influence of bovine keratocytes on epithelial cells. Growth, morphological, morphometrical analyses of cells and keratin patterns were evaluated. The aim was to improve the culture technique in order to obtain a good in vitro proliferation of these cells for their employment in clinical and toxicological situations. The bovine corneal epithelial cells were cultured under different conditions: on keratocyte or 3T3-J2 fibroblast feeder layers, with media conditioned either by the two feeder layers or with a basal medium. The epithelial cells cultured on a keratocyte feeder layer as compared to those grown under the other conditions, proved to have a higher growth rate as well as to be smaller in the cytoplasmic and nuclear area; moreover, after 21 days of culture they expressed 64-kDa keratin, designed as a marker for corneal epithelial cell differentiation. To sum up, the keratocyte feeder layer is the most effective for stimulating the growth and differentiation of corneal epithelial cells, resembling the in vivo situation. It might also be successfully employed for clinical and toxicological purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P P Parnigotto
- Centro Interdipartimentale per lo studio dei Cheratinociti: applicazioni farmaceutiche e cliniche, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
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22
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Abstract
The effect of 4-hydroxymethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-2H-benzofuro-[3,2-g]-1-benzo piran-2-one (compound 1) and 4-hydroxymethyl-2H-benzofuro-[3,2g]-1-benzopiran-2-one (compound 2), two new benzopsoralen derivatives, was tested on HL60 and HeLa cell lines in the dark and by UVA irradiation; 8-methoxypsoralen was used as a reference compound. The action of the compounds was evaluated by means of the neutral red uptake assay, by means of ultrastructure, morphometry and interaction with human erythrocytes membrane. In both HL60 and HeLa cell lines benzopsoralen derivatives showed more antiproliferative activity after UVA irradiation, however less than 8-methoxypsoralen. Compound 1 was more effective than compound 2 both in the dark and after UVA irradiation. The ultrastructure showed a morphological rank damage caused by these compounds: compound 2 induced slight modifications in the cytoplasm organization, compound 1 induced some vacuolizations and 8-methoxypsoralen generated plenty of vacuoles and an empty space around the nucleus. Morphometrical data in HL60 cells turned out to be in accordance with the different action mechanisms existing between 8-methoxypsoralen and the two benzopsoralen derivatives; in HeLa cells we noted an increase in the nuclear area induced by all the three compounds. Only compound 1 caused the formation of echinocytes both in the dark and after UVA irradiation, suggesting the involvement of a mechanism not strictly related to DNA interaction and singlet oxygen production.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Conconi
- Interdepartmental Centre for the Study of Keratinocytes, University of Padua, Italy
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23
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Abstract
222 human prostatic biopsies were used to prepare cell cultures by means of a medium--colony formation permissive--containing fetal calf serum, called TV1. After 7, 14 and 21 days, the cultures were examined by optical and scanning electron microscopy. TV1 medium induces the formation and growth of two types of colonies, one mainly composed of epithelioid cells and distinguished by early growth; the second one made up exclusively of fibroblastoid cells which appear later in the culture. Epithelioid colonies, comprising three different cell types, appear to be arranged as a growth halo concentric to the bioptic fragment with a large central area, formed by a monolayer, and a pluristratified edge. Fibroblastoid cells weakly adhere to the substrate and form "satellite growth halos" separated from the primitive bioptic fragment. All the epithelioid cells were positive to cytokeratin LP34 Mab and negative to anti-smooth muscle-actin and anti-proline-4-hydroxylase antibodies. Fibroblastoid cells were only anti-proline-4-hydroxylase positive. The cell kinetics of epithelioid cells were also studied, revealing an extension of the S phase, in contrast to what happened with WAJC 404, and consequently a reduction of the percentage of cells entering mitosis. For this reason, the addition of fetal serum to the culture medium does not allow the use of prostate primary cultures for more than 14 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- S De Angeli
- Laboratorio Colture Cellulari del Centro Trasfusionale, Piazzale dell'Ospedale, Padova, Italy
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24
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De Angeli S, Valenti F, Durante E, Bassani V, Parnigotto PP. Primary cultures of human hypertrophic prostate tissue in WAJC 404 medium: a study of cell morphology and kinetics. Ann Anat 1995; 177:185-92. [PMID: 7537944 DOI: 10.1016/s0940-9602(11)80072-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
222 biopsy fragments of human hypertrophic prostate tissue were cultured in WAJC 404 serum-free medium for three weeks. Growth halos were examined after 7, 14 and 21 days of culture by optical and scanning electron microscopy. Colonies formed of two concentric areas showed in the inner halo elementary pseudo-lobular morphological units similar to the prostate structure. The cell morphological patterns of the halo turned out to be four in number. Every cell pattern was defined morphologically, morphometrically and phenotypically. Results indicate that all morphological differences must be attributed to the various phases of cell life, as all cell types were positive to cytokeratin. The nonconstant display of PSAP and PSA showed a moderate tendency to cell differentiation in WAJC 404 medium. Cell kinetics were also studied and revealed a decrease in proliferation after 14 days of culture. Primary cultures from biopsy fragments of human hypertrophic prostate tissue may be used as an experimental model up to the 14th day of culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- S De Angeli
- Laboratorio Colture Cellulari del Centro Trasfusionale, Piazzale dell'Ospedale, Treviso, Italy
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25
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Langone F, Lora S, Veronese FM, Caliceti P, Parnigotto PP, Valenti F, Palma G. Peripheral nerve repair using a poly(organo)phosphazene tubular prosthesis. Biomaterials 1995; 16:347-53. [PMID: 7662819 DOI: 10.1016/0142-9612(95)93851-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Nerve regeneration experiments were carried out using tubular nerve guides of poly[(ethylalanato)1.4(imidazolyl)0.6phosphazene] (PEIP). By means of in vivo tests, this polymer was found to be biodegradable and transformed into harmless products. The tubular nerve guides were prepared by deposition of the dissolved polymer on a glass capillary tube, followed by evaporation of the solvent (methylene dichloride). After transectioning, rat sciatic nerve stumps were immediately sutured into the ends of 10-mm-long polymer tubes. On removal of the prosthesis, after implantation for 45 d, a tissue cable was found bridging the nerve stumps in all cases. Histological analysis revealed that the tissue cable was essentially composed of a regenerated nerve fibre bundle. A parallel series of experiments was undertaken to compare the use of silicone tubes that are not biodegradable and are most frequently used for studies of nerve regeneration with tubulization techniques. The advantages of biodegradable PEIP tubular nerve guides used for peripheral nerve repair are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Langone
- Department of Anatomy, Campinas State University, São Paulo, Brazil
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26
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Ghiggeri GM, Altieri P, Oleggini R, Valenti F, Ginevri F, Perfumo F, Gusmano R. Cyclosporine enhances the synthesis of selected extracellular matrix proteins by renal cells "in culture". Different cell responses and phenotype characterization. Transplantation 1994; 57:1382-8. [PMID: 8184479 DOI: 10.1097/00007890-199405150-00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis are 2 major side effects of protracted therapy with CsA in heart transplant patients and in nonrenal immunologic diseases. To investigate whether there is any cause-effect correlation between CsA and the synthesis of extracellular matrix in the kidney, we determined the amount and composition of collagens produced by various renal cells "in culture" upon exposure to increasing levels of CsA. The cellular models we used included primary cultures of both human and rat mesangial cells (hMC, rMC), human and rat renal fibroblasts (hFib, rFib), and human tubular epithelia as well as cell lines of rat renal fibroblasts (NRK49F) and of tubular epithelia (NRK52E). In the case of primary cell cultures, CsA induced a marked increment of total collagen synthesis. This was highest for renal fibroblasts (+330% hFib, +110% rFib), followed by rMC (+170%), hMC (+100%), and human tubular epithelia (+130%). At the highest dosage of CsA (5 ng/ml), this corresponded to a net increment in collagen III synthesis by both hMC and hFib (+150% and +300%), while collagen I and collagen IV were unaffected. On hMC, CsA also induced a maximal increase in a component with 70 kDa molecular mass, which was produced only in a negligible amount by these cells in standard conditions. This low molecular mass collagen was tentatively characterized by cyanogen-bromide digestion and fingerprint analysis as a novel molecule showing a peptide composition without comparable features for any reported collagen map. NRK49F and NRK52E cell lines were not affected by CsA. Taken together, these observations demonstrate that CsA is able to induce the synthesis of specific collagens, mainly of collagen III and of a 70-kDa component, by various renal cells in cultures. Since the same cells are the renal site of production of extracellular matrix in pathological conditions, we hypothesize that this effect is a relevant one in the pathogenesis of glomerulosclerosis/interstitial fibrosis during protracted therapies with CsA.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Ghiggeri
- Department of Nephrology, G. Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
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27
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Parnigotto PP, Bassani V, Pastore S, Valenti F, Conconi MT. Fibroblast-keratinocyte co-cultures in vitro: growth, morphometry and nutrient exchange. Ital J Anat Embryol 1994; 99:17-30. [PMID: 7755444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between fibroblasts and rat keratinocytes co-cultured in vitro was examined. The epidermal cells cultured with a basal medium or with a conditioning medium (derived from fibroblast cultures) presented a lower growth rate and significantly greater cellular dimensions than those cells grown in the presence of a feeder layer. Qualitative and quantitative differences in the keratin patterns of the cells grown in the three cultural conditions were found. Keratinocytes cultured with the feeder layer expressed seven keratin types (58, 57, 53, 52, 50, 48 and 45 kDa), those with conditioning medium, five types (58, 53, 52, 48 and 45 kDa) and those with basal medium, only one type (45 kDa). This data confirms the dependence of keratinocytes on fibroblasts. HPLC analysis of the culture media, suggested that a protein factor (MW approximately 65 kDa) was secreted by fibroblasts into the culture medium. This factor was added to the keratinocyte culture medium (conditioning medium), and, after a 48 hour culture, was apparently completely removed from the medium by the keratinocytes. Moreover, the keratinocytes cultured with the feeder layer and exposed to indomethacin, a cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor, showed a decrease in growth rate at drug concentrations of < or = 10 microM which did not induce a reduction in the viability of the fibroblasts and keratinocytes in separate cultures. This preliminary data suggests a relationship between fibroblast PGE2 secretion and keratinocyte growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- P P Parnigotto
- Centro Interdipartimentale per lo Studio dei Cheratinociti: Applicazioni Farmaceutiche e Cliniche, Università di Padova
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28
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Galcerà-Tomás J, Nuño ade la Rosa JA, Rodriguez P, Seller G, Torres G, Brù M, Garcia-Paredes T, Jara P, Palazón C, Martinez AC, Castillo-Soria F, Gomez-Rubl JA, Lukośevičiüté A, Mickevičiené A, Brażdżionyé J, Doetsch N, Marggraf G, Schax M, Hellinger A, Günnicker M, Reidemeister JC, Zehender M, Kasper W, Tiede N, Elias G, Geibel A, Just H, Schönthaler M, Olschewski M, Fumagalli S, Breschi M, Lotti I, Tanganelli S, Giagnoni P, Cipollini F, Ulivelli M, Romoli E, Scanavacca A, Porciatti N, Pepe M, Lensi A, Valenti F. Circulation. Intensive Care Med 1992. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03216350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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29
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Fandella A, Maccatrozzo L, Merlo F, Tuccitto G, Mangano M, Anselmo G, Furlan C, Nieri A, Durante E, Valenti F, De Angeli S. Electron Microscopy of Superficial Vesical Neoplasms: Preliminary Reports. Urologia 1992. [DOI: 10.1177/039156039205900125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) the morphologic patterns of the lesions caused by superficial bladder cell carcinoma and to evaluate the possibility of using this method as prognostic index. Our observations showed three different kinds of morphologic patterns (wrinkled cell, dismorphic cells and cells with microvilli) of the neoplastic urothelium correlated with the evolution of the neoplastic disease. Results show that recurrence and invasiveness are more marked in the dismorphic cell kind, whereas the wrinkled cell kind represent a lower risk. SEM could be used as a parameter for biologically characterising superficial bladder cancer, as it is completely independent of neoplastic grading.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Fandella
- Divisione Urologica - Ospedale Regionale di Treviso
| | | | - F. Merlo
- Divisione Urologica - Ospedale Regionale di Treviso
| | - G. Tuccitto
- Divisione Urologica - Ospedale Regionale di Treviso
| | - M. Mangano
- Divisione Urologica - Ospedale Regionale di Treviso
| | - G. Anselmo
- Divisione Urologica - Ospedale Regionale di Treviso
| | - C. Furlan
- Centro Universitario Interdipartimentale C.U.G.A.S. - Università di Padova
| | - A. Nieri
- Centro Trasfusionale e Laboratorio di Colture Cellulari - Ospedale Regionale di Treviso
| | - E. Durante
- Centro Trasfusionale e Laboratorio di Colture Cellulari - Ospedale Regionale di Treviso
| | - F. Valenti
- Centro Trasfusionale e Laboratorio di Colture Cellulari - Ospedale Regionale di Treviso
| | - S. De Angeli
- Centro Trasfusionale e Laboratorio di Colture Cellulari - Ospedale Regionale di Treviso
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30
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Villa ML, Valenti F, Scaglione F, Falchi M, Fraschini F. In-vivo and in-vitro interference of antibiotics with antigen-specific antibody responses: effect of josamycin. J Antimicrob Chemother 1989; 24:765-74. [PMID: 2689425 DOI: 10.1093/jac/24.5.765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of josamycin on the antigen-specific primary antibody responses of human peripheral blood cells have been studied by the method of haemolytic colonies in soft agar. The tests were performed before and after the oral administration of 1 g of josamycin or by adding the drug directly to cultures of cells from untreated donors. The results demonstrate that josamycin, added in vitro or administered in vivo significantly depresses the primary antibody responses. The mechanism by which josamycin exerts its activity on antibody production has been partially elucidated. The immunodepression depends on the stimulation of hydrogen peroxide production by monocytes and requires the actual presence of josamycin during the immune response. The stimulation of the respiratory burst of the phagocytic cell is a common feature of macrolide antibiotics and suggests the need for more extensive clinical and preclinical trials on antibacterial antibiotics that alter the human immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Villa
- Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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31
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Villa ML, Valenti F, Mantovani M. Modulation of natural killing by cyclo- and lipo-oxygenase inhibitors. Immunology 1988; 63:93-7. [PMID: 3123373 PMCID: PMC1454712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect on NK activity of two oxygenase inhibitors, indomethacin which is cyclo-oxygenase-specific at 10(-6) M and BW755C which blocks both cyclo- and lipo-oxygenase, has been analysed. The NK activity of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) has been studied in a 18-hr 51Cr-release assay. PBMC were incubated with the drugs for different periods of time before and during NK assay in order to analyse the correlations between the time of incubation and the modulation of NK activity. The results show that the inhibition of the cyclo-oxygenase alone, by indomethacin, enhances the NK activity if the drug is added both during and prior to the assay. In the latter case the enhancement is time dependent, reaching a maximum level after 18 hr of incubation. The simultaneous inhibition of lipo- and cyclo-oxygenase by BW755C has a rather more complex effect. The NK activity is similar to that of untreated cells after 6 hr incubation with BW755C, but is inhibited or greatly enhanced after 4 and 18 hr of incubation, respectively. These effects seem largely independent of the presence of monocytes because they can be observed with non-adherent PBMC (NA-PBMC).
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Villa
- Cattedra di Immunologia, University of Milan, Italy
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32
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Villa ML, Valenti F, Mantovani M, Scaglione F, Clerici E. Macrolidic antibiotics: effects on primary in vitro antibody responses. Int J Immunopharmacol 1988; 10:919-24. [PMID: 3215710 DOI: 10.1016/0192-0561(88)90037-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The effect of two macrolidic antibiotics, josamycin and erythromycin, on the primary immune response in cultures of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), were studied using a soft agar hemolytic plaque assay. Both compounds induced an appreciable reduction in the primary antibody response in total PBMC cultures. The removal of plastic-adherent cells, however, profoundly modified the effect of macrolides on the immune response. Both josamycin and, to a lesser extent, erythromycin enhanced, rather than suppressed, the antibody response. Furthermore, the macrolide-induced immunodepression in cultures of total PBMC was completely reversed by the addition of catalase (8000 U/ml). Taken together, these findings suggest that the macrolide-induced depression of the antibody response depends upon the presence of adherent monocytic cells and is mediated by the production of hydrogen peroxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Villa
- Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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33
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Soligo D, Lambertenghi-Deliliers G, Capsoni F, Villa M, Neri A, Peracchi M, Benazzi E, Valenti F, Polli E. Defective granulocyte chemotaxis and natural killer activity in a patient with recurrent infections. J Clin Lab Immunol 1986; 21:49-53. [PMID: 3027345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A 25-year-old male with a history of recurrent infections presented with fever, severe aplastic anaemia, splenomegaly and retroperitoneal node enlargement. Lympho-histiocytic granulomas were found in spleen, liver and lymph nodes. Granulocyte studies revealed normal morphology, severely impaired random migration and complete absence of directed locomotion. Whereas phagocytosis was slightly reduced, candidacidal activity and nitroblue tetrazolium reduction were normal. Basal granulocyte cyclic GMP levels were within the normal range while a 5-fold increase of cyclic AMP levels was observed. Numerous abnormalities were also found in the patient's lymphocytes: lack of delayed hypersensitivity, reduced response to mitogens, low OKT4/OKT8 ratio, absence of natural killer (NK) activity with normal number of cells recognized by NK-specific monoclonal antibodies. These observations describe a distinct clinico-pathologic entity and suggest the possibility of a common defect in granulocytes and in NK cells.
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34
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Piazza G, Giron GP, Macchi C, Gritti G, Di Bello A, Marcon A, Braggion G, Marigo M, Valenti F. [Radiological aspects of iatrogenic lung diseases during surgical and resuscitation treatment (proceedings)]. Radiol Med 1977; 63:369-72. [PMID: 928842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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35
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Naccarato R, Gritti G, Giunta F, Chiaramonte M, Valenti F. [Exchange transfusion in the treatment of acute hepatic insufficiency]. MINERVA CHIR 1974; 29:982-8. [PMID: 4420723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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36
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Manzin E, Comelli FL, Galligioni F, Marin G, Pardatscher K, Feltrin GP, Vio S, Nori L, Valenti F, Bruni B. [Importance of early diagnosis of brain death for better utilization of the organs of the donor patient. Angiographic criteria of brain death]. Minerva Anestesiol 1974; 40:31-4. [PMID: 4821888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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37
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Valenti F. [Use of intensive corticosteroid therapy in syndromes of respiratory insufficiency of the obstructive type in acute phase]. Acta Anaesthesiol 1971; 22:304-17. [PMID: 5171765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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38
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Valenti F, Zotti G. [Physiopathological, clinical and therapeutic problems in severe cranial injuries]. Acta Anaesthesiol 1970; 21:225-47. [PMID: 5536300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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39
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Valenti F, D'Alessandro R. [The hypertensive patient as an anesthesiological problem]. Friuli Med 1969; 24:553-64. [PMID: 5402220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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40
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Valenti F, Sauli M, D'Alessandro R. [Possibility of using methyldiazepinone in anesthesia]. Minerva Anestesiol 1968; 34:876-83. [PMID: 5737407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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41
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Valenti F, Sauli M, Torelli L. [Use of thiamine associated with neuroleptic analgesic drugs]. Acta Anaesthesiol 1967; 18:253-62. [PMID: 5632650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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42
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Valenti F, Sauli M, Bottari G. [Interference of procaine amide in neuromuscular blocking with succinylcholine. Clinical data on 1000 cases]. Acta Anaesthesiol 1967; 18:21-31. [PMID: 5632262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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43
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Valenti F, Sauli M. [Forced diuresis in the treatment of prolonged neuromuscular block caused by curare-like drugs]. Acta Anaesthesiol 1967; 18:13-9. [PMID: 5632260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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44
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Valenti F. [On the use of a drug with antalgic and muscle relaxant action as a "complementary preanesthetic"]. Gazz Sanit 1965; 36:366-9. [PMID: 5322572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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