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Ding Y, Liu W, Wu J, Zheng X, Ge J, Ren H, Zhang W, Lee CS, Wang P. Near-Infrared Hypocrellin Derivatives for Synergistic Photodynamic and Photothermal Therapy. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:3462-3468. [PMID: 32909355 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hypocrellin B (HB) derived from naturally produced hypocrellins has attracted considerable attention in photodynamic therapy (PDT) because of its excellent photosensitive properties. However, the weak absorption within a "phototherapy window" (600-900 nm) and poor water solubility of HB have limited its clinical application. In this study, two HB derivatives (i. e., HE and HF) were designed and synthesized for the first time by introducing two different substituent groups into the HB structure. The obtained derivatives showed a broad absorption band covering the near-infrared (NIR) region, NIR emission (peaked at 805 nm), and singlet oxygen quantum yields of 0.27/0.31. HE-PEG-NPs were also prepared using 2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy(polyethyleneglycol)-2000] (DSPE-mPEG2000) to achieve excellent dispersion in water and further explored their practical applications. HE-PEG-NPs not only retained their 1 O2 -generating ability, but also exhibited a photothermal conversion efficiency of 25.9%. In vitro and in vivo therapeutic results revealed that the synergetic effect of HE-PEG-NPs on PDT and photothermal therapy (PTT) could achieve a good performance. Therefore, HE-PEG-NPs could be regarded as a promising phototheranostic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ding
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and CityU-CAS Joint Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Weimin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and CityU-CAS Joint Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jiasheng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and CityU-CAS Joint Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xiuli Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and CityU-CAS Joint Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jiechao Ge
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and CityU-CAS Joint Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Haohui Ren
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and CityU-CAS Joint Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Center Of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF) & Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Sing Lee
- Center Of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF) & Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and CityU-CAS Joint Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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Zhang C, Wu J, Liu W, Zheng X, Wang P. Natural-Origin Hypocrellin-HSA Assembly for Highly Efficient NIR Light-Responsive Phototheranostics against Hypoxic Tumors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:44989-44998. [PMID: 31755268 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b18345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Tumor hypoxia severely limits the therapeutic efficacy of solid tumors in photodynamic therapy. One strategy is to develop photosensitizers with simultaneously high efficiency in photodynamic (PDT) and photothermal therapies (PTT) in a single natural-origin phototheranostic agent to overcome this problem. However, less attention has been paid to the natural-origin phototheranostic agent with high PDT and PTT efficiencies even though they have negligible side effects and are environmentally sustainable in comparison with many reported phototheranostic agents. In addition, almost all clinical applied photosensitizers are of natural origin so far. Herein, we synthesized a natural product-based hypocrellin derivative (AETHB), with a high singlet oxygen quantum yield of 0.64 as an efficient photosensitizer different from commercially available porphyrin-based photosensitizers. AETHB is further assembled with human serum albumin to construct nanoparticles (HSA-AETHB NPs) with a high photothermal conversion efficiency (more than 50%). As-prepared HSA-AETHB NPs have shown good water solubility and biocompatibility, pH and light stability, wide absorption (400-750 nm), and NIR emission centered at 710 nm. More importantly, HSA-AETHB NPs can be applied for fluorescent/photoacoustic dual-mode imaging and simultaneously highly efficient PDT/PTT in hypoxic solid tumors. Therefore, this natural-origin multifunctional phototheranostic agent is showing very promising for effective, precise, and safe cancer therapy in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuangli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and CityU-CAS Joint Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices , Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
- School of Future Technology , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Jiasheng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and CityU-CAS Joint Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices , Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Weimin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and CityU-CAS Joint Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices , Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
- School of Future Technology , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Xiuli Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and CityU-CAS Joint Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices , Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
- School of Future Technology , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and CityU-CAS Joint Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices , Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
- School of Future Technology , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
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Biodegradable hypocrellin derivative nanovesicle as a near-infrared light-driven theranostic for dually photoactive cancer imaging and therapy. Biomaterials 2018; 185:133-141. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Kim H, Song CH, Kim DH, Jung NG, Lee SJ, Kim BT. Total Synthesis of Amino-Functionalized Calphostin Analogs as Potent and Selective Inhibitors of Protein Kinase C (PKC). B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.10908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyoyeon Kim
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences; Center of Bioactive Materials; Jeonju 561-756 Korea
| | - Choon-Ho Song
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences; Center of Bioactive Materials; Jeonju 561-756 Korea
| | - Dae-Hyuk Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology; College of Natural Science; Jeonju 561-756 Korea
| | - Nam-Gin Jung
- Department of Crop Science and Biotechnology; College of Agriculture and Life Science; Jeonju 561-756 Korea
| | - Seung-Jae Lee
- Department of Chemistry; College of Natural Science; Jeonju 561-756 Korea
| | - Beom-Tae Kim
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences; Center of Bioactive Materials; Jeonju 561-756 Korea
- Department of Molecular Biology; College of Natural Science; Jeonju 561-756 Korea
- Keunsaram Educational Development Institute; Chonbuk National University; Jeonju 561-756 Korea
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Jiang Y, Leung AW, Wang X, Zhang H, Xu C. Effect of photodynamic therapy with hypocrellin B on apoptosis, adhesion, and migration of cancer cells. Int J Radiat Biol 2014; 90:575-9. [DOI: 10.3109/09553002.2014.906765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Jiang Y, Leung AW, Wang X, Zhang H, Xu C. Inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus by photodynamic action of hypocrellin B. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2013; 10:600-6. [PMID: 24284117 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2013] [Revised: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Staphylococcus aureus is a common opportunistic pathogen causing human infections. In the present study, we investigated photodynamic inactivation on S. aureus using hypocrellin B from a traditional Chinese herb. MATERIALS AND METHODS After incubation of S. aureus cells with different concentrations of hypocrellin B for 60 min, subsequent light irradiation from a novel LED light source with wavelength of 470 nm was combined with the energy density of 0.3 J/cm(2). Phototoxicity of hypocrellin B on S. aureus was investigated by colony forming unit assay. Membrane permeability was measured using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) with propidium iodide (PI) staining. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was measured using flow cytometry (FCM) with DCFH-DA staining. Morphology and structure of treated and controlled bacteria were observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). RESULTS Activity of S. aureus was substantially inhibited by photodynamic action in hypocrellin B dose-dependent manner. Notable damage to S. aureus were found in TEM after photodynamic treatment of hypocellin B. Red fluorescence of PI dye was observed more frequently in bacterial cells treated by photodynamic action of hypocrellin B than those of bacterial cells treated by the controls including sham control, hypocrellin B treatment alone and light irradiation alone. Intracellular ROS increase was also found in S. aureus treated by photodynamic action of hypocrellin B. CONCLUSION Photodynamic action of hypocrellin B markedly increased intracellular ROS level and caused damage to membrane permeability, resulting in cell death of S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Jiang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Sichuan, China
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Photo-killing mechanism of 2-demethoxy-2,3-ethylenediamino hypocrellin B (EDAHB) to HeLa cells. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2012; 117:47-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2012.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Revised: 08/24/2012] [Accepted: 08/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Zhou Z, Zhao C, Liu W, Li Q, Zhang L, Sheng W, Li Z, Zeng Y, Zhong R. Involvement of the mitochondria-caspase pathway in HeLa cell death induced by 2-ethanolamino-2-demethoxy-17-ethanolimino-hypocrellin B (EAHB)-mediated photodynamic therapy. Int J Toxicol 2012; 31:483-92. [PMID: 23008347 DOI: 10.1177/1091581812460696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In order to elucidate the mechanism of cytotoxicity photoinduced by 2-ethanolamino-2-demethoxy-17-ethanolimino-hypocrellin B (EAHB), a derivative of hypocrellin B (HB), cellular uptake, subcellular localization as well as photodynamic therapy (PDT) efficiency of EAHB, and cell apoptosis photoinduced by EAHB were investigated in HeLa cells by laser confocal fluorescence microscopy, 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide assay, flow cytometry, DNA fragmentation on agarose gel, and Western blot. The results showed EAHB was distributed throughout the cytoplasm of the cell, with no detectable penetration into the nucleus. The proportion of dead cells increased with increases in both the dosage of light and the concentration of EAHB. Its phototoxicity to HeLa cells proceeded via apoptosis. The EAHB-PDT treatment induced a cytochrome c release from the mitochondria into the cytosol followed by the activation of both caspase 3 and caspase 9 in HeLa cells. The results suggested that EAHB-PDT treatment induced apoptosis in HeLa cells, and the cellular apoptosis involved a mitochondria-/caspase-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiang Zhou
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
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Jiang Y, Xia X, Leung AW, Xiang J, Xu C. Apoptosis of breast cancer cells induced by hypocrellin B under light-emitting diode irradiation. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2012. [PMID: 23200015 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2012.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Breast cancer is a common disease which threatens the life of women. To explore an alternative modality for combating breast cancer, a light-emitting diode (LED) that activates hypocrellin B was used in the present study to investigate apoptosis induction in breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Photocytotoxicity was investigated 24h after photodynamic treatment of hypocrellin B using MTT reduction assay and light microscopy. Apoptosis was observed 6h after photodynamic treatment using flow cytometry with Annexin V/PI staining as well as fluorescent microscopy with Hoechst33258 staining. The ultrastructure of the treated cells was observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). RESULTS Hypocrellin B-induced photocytotoxicity in MDA-MB-231 cells exhibited a dose-dependent manner. The amount of MDA-MB-231 cells attached to the bottom of well decreased significantly after photodynamic treatment of hypocrellin B. Flow cytometry showed that the early and late apoptotic rate of MDA-MB-231 cells increased remarkably up to 17.46% and 32.80%, respectively, after treatment of LED-activated hypocrellin B. In addition, nuclear condensation, fragmentation and chromatin margination, and topical apoptotic body in the treated cells were observed by nuclear staining and TEM. CONCLUSION Photodynamic action of hypocrellin B irradiated by light-emitting diodes could significantly kill breast cancer cells and induce apoptotic cell death, which suggests LED-activated hypocrellin B is a promising strategy for combating breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Jiang
- Department of Photodynamic and Sonodynamic Therapy, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Zhang Y, Song L, Xie J, Qiu H, Gu Y, Zhao J. Novel surfactant-like hypocrellin derivatives to achieve simultaneous drug delivery in blood plasma and cell uptake. Photochem Photobiol 2010; 86:667-72. [PMID: 20331522 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2010.00711.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Water-soluble derivatives of hypocrellins can be safely delivered in blood plasma but lose their photodynamic activity in vivo due to poor cell uptake, while hydrophobic derivatives retaining their activity may aggregate in the blood plasma and block vascular networks. Considering both drug delivery and biological activity, surfactant-like hypocrellin B (HB) derivatives, sodium 12-2-HB-aminododecanoate (SAHB) and sodium 11,11'-5,8-HB-dimercaptoundecanoate (DMHB), were first designed and then synthesized in the current work. Both SAHB and DMHB were photoactive, generating free radicals and reactive oxygen species, as confirmed by EPR and chemical measurements. Most importantly, DMHB was not only readily soluble, allowing preparation of an intravenous injection solution at a clinically acceptable concentration, but it was also more photodynamic therapy (PDT) active to human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells than its parent HB under irradiation. The photodynamic activity was exactly identical to the (1)O(2) quantum yield and was not reduced by the improved water solubility, suggesting an independent hydrophilicity or lipophilicity. To our knowledge, this is a new strategy that possesses general significance for converting hydrophobic photosensitizers into clinically usable PDT drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Wang P, Xu CS, Xu J, Wang X, Leung AW. Hypocrellin B enhances ultrasound-induced cell death of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2010; 36:336-342. [PMID: 20018428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2009.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2009] [Revised: 09/16/2009] [Accepted: 09/18/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Hypocrellin B, a natural pigment from a traditional Chinese herb, has been attracting extensive attention. The present study aims to investigate whether hypocrellin B can enhance cell death induced by ultrasound sonification on nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells in vitro. The sonodynamic action of hypocrellin B was investigated on nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE2 cells as tumor model cells. In the experiments, the hypocrellin B concentration was kept constant at 2.5 microM and the cells were subject to ultrasound exposure for 15 s at an intensity of 0.65 W/cm(2). Cytotoxicity was investigated 24 h after ultrasound sonification. Apoptosis was evaluated using flow cytometry with annexin V-FITC and propidium iodine staining and nuclear staining with Hoechst 33258. Cell ultrastructure morphology was observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). No significant dark cytotoxicity of hypocrellin B in the CNE2 cells was observed at the concentration of 2.5 microM. The cell death rate induced by ultrasound sonification was significantly higher in the presence of hypocrellin B than in the absence of hypocrellin B. Flow cytometry showed that ultrasound exposure in the presence of hypocrellin B significantly increased the early and late apoptotic rate, 18.64% and 22.57%, respectively, compared with the controls. Nuclear condensation was observed in the nuclear staining and swollen mitochondria and more vacuolar and broken cell membrane were found in TEM after the treatment of hypocrellin B and ultrasound. Our findings demonstrated that the presence of hypocrellin B significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity of ultrasound radiation in CNE2 cells, suggesting that hypocrellin B is a novel sonosensitizer and hypocrellin B-mediated sonodynamic therapy is a potential therapeutic modality in the management of malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Department of Photodynamic and Sonodynamic Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Liu X, Xie J, Zhang L, Chen H, Gu Y, Zhao J. A novel hypocrellin B derivative designed and synthesized by taking consideration to both drug delivery and biological photodynamic activity. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2009; 94:171-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2008.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2008] [Revised: 09/03/2008] [Accepted: 11/26/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Biophysical evaluation of two red-shifted hypocrellin B derivatives as novel PDT agents. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2009; 94:38-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2008.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2008] [Revised: 08/04/2008] [Accepted: 09/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Zhang Y, Xie J, Zhang L, Li C, Chen H, Gu Y, Zhao J. A novel elsinochrome A derivative: a study of drug delivery and photodynamic activity. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2009; 8:1676-82. [DOI: 10.1039/b9pp00046a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Xu S, Zhang X, Chen S, Zhang M, Shen T. The Fluorescence Properties of Hypocrellin B and its Amino-substituted Derivative: Photinduced Intramolecular Proton Transfer and Photoinduced Intramolecular Electron Transfer¶. Photochem Photobiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2004.tb00057.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Xu S, Zhang X, Chen S, Zhang M, Shen T. The Fluorescence Properties of Hypocrellin B and its Amino-substituted Derivative: Photoinduced Intramolecular Proton Transfer and Photoinduced Intramolecular Electron Transfer¶. Photochem Photobiol 2004; 80:112-4. [PMID: 15339225 DOI: 10.1562/2004-03-13-rn-113.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We report on the emission spectra and emission quantum yields of a newly synthesized hypocrellin dye, 2-demethoxy-2,3-ethylenediamino hypocrellin B (EDAHB), and its parent HB in different solvents of varying polarity. Our results demonstrate that EDAHB is one of the few dyes that exhibit highly solvent polarity-dependent fluorescence in the useful region (680-730 nm). Therefore, it offers some applications in the biomedical field as a fluorescent probe molecule. The solvatochromic effect of EDAHB is proposed to be due to a distinct change in the dipole moment of the dye on excitation. A photoinduced intramolecular proton transfer and a photoinduced intramolecular electron transfer process are considered relevant for the fluorescence properties of HB and EDAHB, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangjie Xu
- Center for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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