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Identification of functional cytochrome P450 and ferredoxin from Streptomyces sp. EAS-AB2608 by transcriptional analysis and their heterologous expression. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:4177-4187. [PMID: 33944982 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11304-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Bioconversion using microorganisms and their enzymes is an important tool in many industrial fields. The discovery of useful new microbial enzymes contributes to the development of industries utilizing bioprocesses. Streptomyces sp. EAS-AB2608, isolated from a soil sample collected in Japan, can convert the tetrahydrobenzotriazole CPD-1 (a selective positive allosteric modulator of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5) to its hydroxylated form at the C4-(R) position. The current study was performed to identify the genes encoding the enzymes involved in CPD-1 bioconversion and to verify their function. To identify gene products responsible for the conversion of CPD-1, we used RNA sequencing to analyze EAS-AB2608; from its 8333 coding sequences, we selected two genes, one encoding cytochrome P450 (easab2608_00800) and the other encoding ferredoxin (easab2608_00799), as encoding desirable gene products involved in the bioconversion of CPD-1. The validity of this selection was tested by using a heterologous expression approach. A bioconversion assay using genetically engineered Streptomyces avermitilis SUKA24 ∆saverm3882 ∆saverm7246 co-expressing the two selected genes (strain ES_SUKA_63) confirmed that these gene products had hydroxylation activity with respect to CPD-1, indicating that they are responsible for the conversion of CPD-1. Strain ES_SUKA_63 also showed oxidative activity toward other compounds and therefore might be useful not only for bioconversion of CPD-1 but also as a tool for synthesis of drug metabolites and in optimization studies of various pharmaceutical lead compounds. We expect that this approach will be useful for bridging the gap between the latest enzyme optimization technologies and conventional enzyme screening using microorganisms. KEY POINTS: • Genes easab2608_00800 (cyp) and easab2608_00799 (fdx) were selected by RNA-Seq. • Selection validity was evaluated by an engineered S. avermitilis expression system. • Strain ES_SUKA_63 showed oxidative activity toward CPD-1 and other compounds.
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Zhang F, Chen Z, Cheung CW, Ma J. Aryl Diazonium
Salt‐Triggered
Cyclization and Cycloaddition Reactions: Past, Present, and Future. CHINESE J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fa‐Guang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), and Tianjin Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science & Engineering, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University Binhai New City Fuzhou 350207 Fujian China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), and Tianjin Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science & Engineering, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Chi Wai Cheung
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), and Tianjin Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science & Engineering, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University Binhai New City Fuzhou 350207 Fujian China
| | - Jun‐An Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), and Tianjin Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science & Engineering, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University Binhai New City Fuzhou 350207 Fujian China
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3
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Xu M, Dong Y, Wan S, Yan T, Cao J, Wu L, Bi K, Jia Y. Schisantherin B ameliorates Aβ 1–42 -induced cognitive decline via restoration of GLT-1 in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Physiol Behav 2016; 167:265-273. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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4
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Huang H, Degnan AP, Balakrishnan A, Easton A, Gulianello M, Huang Y, Matchett M, Mattson G, Miller R, Santone KS, Senapati A, Shields EE, Sivarao DV, Snyder LB, Westphal R, Whiterock VJ, Yang F, Bronson JJ, Macor JE. Oxazolidinone-based allosteric modulators of mGluR5: Defining molecular switches to create a pharmacological tool box. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:4165-9. [PMID: 27496211 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.07.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Herein we describe the structure activity relationships uncovered in the pursuit of an mGluR5 positive allosteric modulator (PAM) for the treatment of schizophrenia. It was discovered that certain modifications of an oxazolidinone-based chemotype afforded predictable changes in the pharmacological profile to give analogs with a wide range of functional activities. The discovery of potent silent allosteric modulators (SAMs) allowed interrogation of the mechanism-based liabilities associated with mGluR5 activation and drove our medicinal chemistry effort toward the discovery of low efficacy (fold shift) PAMs devoid of agonist activity. This work resulted in the identification of dipyridyl 22 (BMS-952048), a compound with a favorable free fraction, efficacy in a rodent-based cognition model, and low potential for convulsions in mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Huang
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492, United States
| | - Andrew P Degnan
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492, United States
| | - Anand Balakrishnan
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492, United States
| | - Amy Easton
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492, United States
| | - Michael Gulianello
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492, United States
| | - Yanling Huang
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492, United States
| | - Michele Matchett
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492, United States
| | - Gail Mattson
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492, United States
| | - Regina Miller
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492, United States
| | - Kenneth S Santone
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492, United States
| | - Arun Senapati
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492, United States
| | - Eric E Shields
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492, United States
| | - Digavalli V Sivarao
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492, United States
| | - Lawrence B Snyder
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492, United States
| | - Ryan Westphal
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492, United States
| | - Valerie J Whiterock
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492, United States
| | - Fukang Yang
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492, United States
| | - Joanne J Bronson
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492, United States
| | - John E Macor
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492, United States
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Lindsley CW, Emmitte KA, Hopkins CR, Bridges TM, Gregory KJ, Niswender CM, Conn PJ. Practical Strategies and Concepts in GPCR Allosteric Modulator Discovery: Recent Advances with Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors. Chem Rev 2016; 116:6707-41. [PMID: 26882314 PMCID: PMC4988345 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Allosteric modulation of GPCRs has initiated a new era of basic and translational discovery, filled with therapeutic promise yet fraught with caveats. Allosteric ligands stabilize unique conformations of the GPCR that afford fundamentally new receptors, capable of novel pharmacology, unprecedented subtype selectivity, and unique signal bias. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the basics of GPCR allosteric pharmacology, medicinal chemistry, drug metabolism, and validated approaches to address each of the major challenges and caveats. Then, the review narrows focus to highlight recent advances in the discovery of allosteric ligands for metabotropic glutamate receptor subtypes 1-5 and 7 (mGlu1-5,7) highlighting key concepts ("molecular switches", signal bias, heterodimers) and practical solutions to enable the development of tool compounds and clinical candidates. The review closes with a section on late-breaking new advances with allosteric ligands for other GPCRs and emerging data for endogenous allosteric modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig W. Lindsley
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Kyle A. Emmitte
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Boulevard, Fort Worth, Texas 76107, United States
| | - Corey R. Hopkins
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Thomas M. Bridges
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Karen J. Gregory
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Colleen M. Niswender
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - P. Jeffrey Conn
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
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