1
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Mashinson V, Webster TM, Vadukoot AK, Tolentino KT, Simeon P, Fatima I, Dhawan P, Hopkins CR. Discovery, synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of N-(phenylcarbamothioyl)-2-napthamides as inhibitors of Claudin-1. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 92:117416. [PMID: 37541070 PMCID: PMC10530161 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, despite advancements in diagnosis. The main reason for this is that many newly diagnosed CRC patients will suffer from metastasis to other organs. Thus, the development of new therapies is of critical importance. Claudin-1 protein is a component of tight junctions in epithelial cells, including those found in the lining of the colon. It plays a critical role in the formation and maintenance of tight junctions, which are essential for regulating the passage of molecules between cells. In CRC, claudin-1 is often overexpressed, leading to an increase in cell adhesion, which can contribute to the development and progression of the disease. Studies show that high levels of claudin-1 are associated with poor prognosis in CRC patients and targeting claudin-1 may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of CRC. Previously, we have identified a small molecule that inhibits claudin-1 dependent CRC progression. Reported herein are our lead optimization efforts around this scaffold to identify the key SAR components and the discovery of a key new compound that exhibits enhanced potency in SW620 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoriya Mashinson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA
| | - Thomas M Webster
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA
| | - Anish K Vadukoot
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA
| | - Kirsten T Tolentino
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA
| | - Princess Simeon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA
| | - Iram Fatima
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Punita Dhawan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, USA; Buffet Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA.
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2
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Blackwell DJ, Smith AN, Do T, Gochman A, Schmeckpeper J, Hopkins CR, Akers WS, Johnston JN, Knollmann BC. In Vivo Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Properties of the Antiarrhythmic Molecule ent-Verticilide. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2023; 385:205-213. [PMID: 36894328 PMCID: PMC10201578 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.122.001455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The unnatural verticilide enantiomer (ent-verticilide) is a selective and potent inhibitor of cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2) calcium release channels and exhibits antiarrhythmic activity in a murine model of catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT). To determine verticilide's pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties in vivo, we developed a bioassay to measure nat- and ent-verticilide in murine plasma and correlated plasma concentrations with antiarrhythmic efficacy in a mouse model of CPVT. nat-Verticilide rapidly degraded in plasma in vitro, showing >95% degradation within 5 minutes, whereas ent-verticilide showed <1% degradation over 6 hours. Plasma was collected from mice following intraperitoneal administration of ent-verticilide at two doses (3 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg). Peak C max and area under the plasma-concentration time curve (AUC) scaled proportionally to dose, and the half-life was 6.9 hours for the 3-mg/kg dose and 6.4 hours for the 30-mg/kg dose. Antiarrhythmic efficacy was examined using a catecholamine challenge protocol at time points ranging from 5 to 1440 minutes after intraperitoneal dosing. ent-Verticilide inhibited ventricular arrhythmias as early as 7 minutes after administration in a concentration-dependent manner, with an estimated potency (IC50) of 266 ng/ml (312 nM) and an estimated maximum inhibitory effect of 93.5%. Unlike the US Food and Drug Administration-approved pan-RyR blocker dantrolene, the RyR2-selective blocker ent-verticilide (30 mg/kg) did not reduce skeletal muscle strength in vivo. We conclude that ent-verticilide has favorable pharmacokinetic properties and reduces ventricular arrhythmias with an estimated potency in the nanomolar range, warranting further drug development. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: ent-Verticilide has therapeutic potential to treat cardiac arrhythmias, but little is known about its pharmacological profile in vivo. The primary purpose of this study is to determine the systemic exposure and pharmacokinetics of ent-verticilide in mice and estimate its efficacy and potency in vivo. The current work suggests ent-verticilide has favorable pharmacokinetic properties and reduces ventricular arrhythmias with an estimated potency in the nanomolar range, warranting further drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Blackwell
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (D.J.B., J.S., B.C.K.); Departments of Chemistry (A.N.S., J.N.J.) and Pharmacology (A.G., W.S.A), and Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology (A.N.S., J.N.J.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Lipscomb University, Nashville, Tennessee (T.D., W.S.A); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (C.R.H.)
| | - Abigail N Smith
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (D.J.B., J.S., B.C.K.); Departments of Chemistry (A.N.S., J.N.J.) and Pharmacology (A.G., W.S.A), and Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology (A.N.S., J.N.J.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Lipscomb University, Nashville, Tennessee (T.D., W.S.A); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (C.R.H.)
| | - Tri Do
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (D.J.B., J.S., B.C.K.); Departments of Chemistry (A.N.S., J.N.J.) and Pharmacology (A.G., W.S.A), and Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology (A.N.S., J.N.J.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Lipscomb University, Nashville, Tennessee (T.D., W.S.A); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (C.R.H.)
| | - Aaron Gochman
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (D.J.B., J.S., B.C.K.); Departments of Chemistry (A.N.S., J.N.J.) and Pharmacology (A.G., W.S.A), and Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology (A.N.S., J.N.J.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Lipscomb University, Nashville, Tennessee (T.D., W.S.A); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (C.R.H.)
| | - Jeffrey Schmeckpeper
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (D.J.B., J.S., B.C.K.); Departments of Chemistry (A.N.S., J.N.J.) and Pharmacology (A.G., W.S.A), and Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology (A.N.S., J.N.J.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Lipscomb University, Nashville, Tennessee (T.D., W.S.A); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (C.R.H.)
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (D.J.B., J.S., B.C.K.); Departments of Chemistry (A.N.S., J.N.J.) and Pharmacology (A.G., W.S.A), and Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology (A.N.S., J.N.J.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Lipscomb University, Nashville, Tennessee (T.D., W.S.A); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (C.R.H.)
| | - Wendell S Akers
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (D.J.B., J.S., B.C.K.); Departments of Chemistry (A.N.S., J.N.J.) and Pharmacology (A.G., W.S.A), and Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology (A.N.S., J.N.J.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Lipscomb University, Nashville, Tennessee (T.D., W.S.A); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (C.R.H.)
| | - Jeffrey N Johnston
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (D.J.B., J.S., B.C.K.); Departments of Chemistry (A.N.S., J.N.J.) and Pharmacology (A.G., W.S.A), and Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology (A.N.S., J.N.J.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Lipscomb University, Nashville, Tennessee (T.D., W.S.A); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (C.R.H.)
| | - Bjorn C Knollmann
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (D.J.B., J.S., B.C.K.); Departments of Chemistry (A.N.S., J.N.J.) and Pharmacology (A.G., W.S.A), and Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology (A.N.S., J.N.J.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Lipscomb University, Nashville, Tennessee (T.D., W.S.A); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (C.R.H.)
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3
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Fatima I, Uppada JP, Chhonker YS, Gowrikumar S, Barman S, Roy S, Tolentino KT, Palermo N, Natarajan A, Beauchamp DR, Vecchio A, Murry DJ, Singh AB, Hopkins CR, Dhawan P. Identification and characterization of a first-generation inhibitor of claudin-1 in colon cancer progression and metastasis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 159:114255. [PMID: 36696800 PMCID: PMC10824272 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of the cancer-related deaths worldwide. Thus, developing novel and targeted therapies for inhibiting CRC progression and metastasis is urgent. Several studies, including ours, have reported a causal role for an upregulated claudin-1 expression in promoting CRC metastasis through the activation of the Src and β-catenin-signaling. In murine models of colon tumorigenesis, claudin-1 overexpression promotes oncogenic properties such as transformation and invasiveness. Conversely, the downregulation of claudin-1 inhibits colon tumorigenesis. Despite being a desirable target for cancer treatment, there are currently no known claudin-1 inhibitors with antitumor efficacy. Using a rigorous analytical design and implementing in- vitro and in-vivo testing and a brief medicinal chemistry campaign, we identified a claudin-1-specific inhibitor and named it I-6. Despite its high potency, I-6 was rapidly cleared in human liver microsomes. We, therefore, synthesized I-6 analogs and discovered a novel small molecule, PDS-0330. We determined that PDS0330 inhibits claudin-1-dependent CRC progression without exhibiting toxicity in in-vitro and in-vivo models of CRC and that it binds directly and specifically to claudin-1 with micromolar affinity. Further analyses revealed that PDS-0330 exhibits antitumor and chemosensitizer activities with favorable pharmacokinetic properties by inhibiting the association with metastatic oncogene Src. Overall, our data propose that PDS-0330 interferes with claudin-1/Src association to inhibit CRC progression and metastasis. Our findings are of direct clinical relevance and may open new therapeutic opportunities in colon cancer treatment and/or management by targeting claudin-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iram Fatima
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jaya Prakash Uppada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Yashpal S Chhonker
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Saiprasad Gowrikumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Susmita Barman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sourav Roy
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0664, USA
| | - Kirsten T Tolentino
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Nicholas Palermo
- Computational Chemistry Core, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Amar Natarajan
- Eppley Institute for Cancer Research, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Daniel R Beauchamp
- Surgical Oncology Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alex Vecchio
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0664, USA
| | - Daryl J Murry
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Amar B Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, USA; Buffet Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Punita Dhawan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, USA; Buffet Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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4
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Smith A, Thorpe MP, Blackwell DJ, Batiste SM, Hopkins CR, Schley ND, Knollmann BC, Johnston JN. Structure-Activity Relationships for the N-Me- Versus N-H-Amide Modification to Macrocyclic ent-Verticilide Antiarrhythmics. ACS Med Chem Lett 2022; 13:1755-1762. [PMID: 36385927 PMCID: PMC9661706 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.2c00377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of all N-Me and N-H analogues of ent-verticilide is described, enabling a structure-activity relationship study based on cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2) calcium ion channel inhibition. The use of permeabilized cardiomyocytes allowed us to correlate the degree of N-methylation with activity without concern for changes in passive membrane permeability that these modifications can cause. A key hypothesis was that the minimal pharmacophore may be repeated in this cyclic oligomeric octadepsipeptide (a 24-membered macrocycle), opening the possibility that target engagement will not necessarily be lost with a single N-Me → N-H modification. The effect in the corresponding 18-membered ring oligomer (ent-verticilide B1) was also investigated. We report here that a high degree of N-methyl amide content is critical for activity in the ent-verticilide series but not entirely so for the ent-verticilide B1 series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail
N. Smith
- Department
of Chemistry and Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville 37235, Tennessee, United States
| | - Madelaine P. Thorpe
- Department
of Chemistry and Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville 37235, Tennessee, United States
| | - Daniel J. Blackwell
- Department
of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical
Center, Nashville 37235, Tennessee, United States
| | - Suzanne M. Batiste
- Department
of Chemistry and Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville 37235, Tennessee, United States
| | - Corey R. Hopkins
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha 68198, Nebraska, United States
| | - Nathan D. Schley
- Department
of Chemistry and Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville 37235, Tennessee, United States
| | - Bjorn C. Knollmann
- Department
of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical
Center, Nashville 37235, Tennessee, United States
| | - Jeffrey N. Johnston
- Department
of Chemistry and Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville 37235, Tennessee, United States
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5
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Sharma S, Peng Q, Vadukoot AK, Aretz CD, Jensen AA, Wallick AI, Dong X, Hopkins CR. Synthesis and Biological Characterization of a Series of 2-Sulfonamidebenzamides as Allosteric Modulators of MrgX1. ACS Med Chem Lett 2022; 13:841-847. [PMID: 35586421 PMCID: PMC9109276 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.2c00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study describes our continued efforts in the discovery and characterization of a series of 2-sulfonamidebenzamides as allosteric modulators of MrgX1. MrgX1 has been shown to be an attractive target as a nonopioid receptor for the potential treatment of chronic pain. Working from our original compound, ML382, and utilizing iterative medicinal chemistry, we have identified key halogen substituents that improve MrgX1 potency by ∼8-fold. In addition, we have evaluated the compounds in Tier 1 drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics assays and have identified key compounds that impart improved potency and microsomal stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swagat Sharma
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-6125, United States
| | - Qi Peng
- The
Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Center for Sensory Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Anish K. Vadukoot
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-6125, United States
| | - Christopher D. Aretz
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-6125, United States
| | - Aaron A. Jensen
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-6125, United States
| | - Alexander I. Wallick
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-6125, United States
| | - Xinzhong Dong
- The
Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Center for Sensory Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
- Howard
Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins
University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Corey R. Hopkins
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-6125, United States
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6
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Sharma S, Pablo JL, Tolentino KT, Gallegos W, Hinman J, Beninato M, Asche M, Greka A, Hopkins CR. Further exploration of the benzimidazole scaffold as TRPC5 inhibitors: identification of 1-alkyl-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazoles as potent and selective inhibitors. ChemMedChem 2022; 17:e202200151. [PMID: 35557491 PMCID: PMC9308755 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The transient receptor potential cation channel 5 (TRPC5) plays an important role in numerous cellular processes. Due to this, it has gained considerable attention over the past few years as a potential therapeutic target. Recently, TRPC5 has been shown to be involved in the regulation of podocyte survival, indicating a potential treatment option for chronic kidney disease. In addition, a recent study has shown TRPC5 to be expressed in human sensory neurons and suggests that TRPC5 inhibition could be an effective treatment for spontaneous and tactile pain. To understand these processes more fully, potent and selective tool compounds are needed. Herein we report further exploration of the 2‐aminobenzimidazole scaffold as a potent TRPC5 inhibitor, culminating in the discovery of 16 f as a potent and selective TRPC5 inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swagat Sharma
- University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNITED STATES
| | | | - Kirsten T Tolentino
- University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNITED STATES
| | - Wacey Gallegos
- University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNITED STATES
| | - Jennifer Hinman
- University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNITED STATES
| | - Madison Beninato
- University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNITED STATES
| | - MacKenzie Asche
- University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNITED STATES
| | - Anna Greka
- Broad Institute Harvard: Broad Institute, Pharmacology, UNITED STATES
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences, 986125 Nebraska Medical Center, PDD 3015, 68198-6125, Omaha, UNITED STATES
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7
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Tolentino KT, Mashinson V, Vadukoot AK, Hopkins CR. Discovery and characterization of benzyloxy piperidine based dopamine 4 receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 61:128615. [PMID: 35151866 PMCID: PMC8966054 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The dopamine receptor 4 (D4R) is highly expressed in both motor, associative and limbic subdivisions of the cortico-basal ganglia network. Due to the distribution in the brain, there is mounting evidence pointing to a role for the D4R in the modulation of this network and its subsequent involvement in l-DOPA induced dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease. As part of our continued effort in the discovery of novel D4R antagonists, we report the discovery and characterization of a new 3- or 4-benzyloxypiperidine scaffold as D4R antagonists. We report several D4R selective compounds (>30-fold vs. other dopamine receptor subtypes) with improved in vitro and in vivo stability over previously reported D4R antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten T Tolentino
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Viktoriya Mashinson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Anish K Vadukoot
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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8
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Zhou Y, Kim C, Pablo JLB, Zhang F, Jung JY, Xiao L, Bazua-Valenti S, Emani M, Hopkins CR, Weins A, Greka A. TRPC5 Channel Inhibition Protects Podocytes in Puromycin-Aminonucleoside Induced Nephrosis Models. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:721865. [PMID: 34621762 PMCID: PMC8490698 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.721865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Podocyte injury and the appearance of proteinuria are key features of several progressive kidney diseases. Genetic deletion or selective inhibition of TRPC5 channels with small-molecule inhibitors protects podocytes in rodent models of kidney disease, but less is known about the human relevance and translatability of TRPC5 inhibition. Here, we investigate the effect of TRPC5 inhibition in puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN)-treated rats, human iPSC-derived podocytes, and kidney organoids. We first established that systemic administration of the TRPC5 inhibitor AC1903 was sufficient to protect podocyte cytoskeletal proteins and suppress proteinuria in PAN-induced nephrosis rats, an established model of podocyte injury. TRPC5 current was recorded in the human iPSC-derived podocytes and was blocked by AC1903. PAN treatment caused podocyte injury in human iPSC-derived podocytes and kidney organoids. Inhibition of TRPC5 channels reversed the effects of PAN-induced injury in human podocytes in both 2D and 3D culture systems. Taken together, these results revealed the relevance of TRPC5 channel inhibition in puromycin-aminonucleoside induced nephrosis models, highlighting the potential of this therapeutic strategy for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Center for the Development of Therapeutics (CDoT), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Choah Kim
- Center for the Development of Therapeutics (CDoT), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Juan Lorenzo B Pablo
- Center for the Development of Therapeutics (CDoT), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ji Yong Jung
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Li Xiao
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Silvana Bazua-Valenti
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Center for the Development of Therapeutics (CDoT), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Maheswarareddy Emani
- Center for the Development of Therapeutics (CDoT), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Astrid Weins
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Anna Greka
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Center for the Development of Therapeutics (CDoT), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
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9
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Anderson A, Vo BN, de Velasco EMF, Hopkins CR, Weaver CD, Wickman K. Characterization of VU0468554, a New Selective Inhibitor of Cardiac G Protein-Gated Inwardly Rectifying K + Channels. Mol Pharmacol 2021; 100:540-547. [PMID: 34503975 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.121.000311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-gated inwardly rectifying K+ (GIRK) channels are critical mediators of excitability in the heart and brain. Enhanced GIRK-channel activity has been implicated in the pathogenesis of supraventricular arrhythmias, including atrial fibrillation. The lack of selective pharmacological tools has impeded efforts to investigate the therapeutic potential of cardiac GIRK-channel interventions in arrhythmias. Here, we characterize a recently identified GIRK-channel inhibitor, VU0468554. Using whole-cell electrophysiological approaches and primary cultures of sinoatrial nodal cells and hippocampal neurons, we show that VU0468554 more effectively inhibits the cardiac GIRK channel than the neuronal GIRK channel. Concentration-response experiments suggest that VU0468554 inhibits Gβγ-activated GIRK channels in noncompetitive and potentially uncompetitive fashion. In contrast, VU0468554 competitively inhibits GIRK-channel activation by ML297, a GIRK-channel activator containing the same chemical scaffold as VU0468554. In the isolated heart model, VU0468554 partially reversed carbachol-induced bradycardia in hearts from wild-type mice but not Girk4-/- mice. Collectively, these data suggest that VU0468554 represents a promising new pharmacological tool for targeting cardiac GIRK channels with therapeutic implications for relevant cardiac arrhythmias. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Although cardiac GIRK-channel inhibition shows promise for the treatment of supraventricular arrhythmias, the absence of subtype-selective channel inhibitors has hindered exploration into this therapeutic strategy. This study utilizes whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology to characterize the new GIRK-channel inhibitor VU0468554 in human embryonic kidney 293T cells and primary cultures. We report that VU0468554 exhibits a favorable pharmacodynamic profile for cardiac over neuronal GIRK channels and partially reverses GIRK-mediated bradycardia in the isolated mouse heart model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Anderson
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology (A.A., B.N.V.) and Department of Pharmacology (E.M.F.d.V., K.W.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (C.R.H.); and Departments of Pharmacology and Chemistry and Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (C.D.W.)
| | - Baovi N Vo
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology (A.A., B.N.V.) and Department of Pharmacology (E.M.F.d.V., K.W.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (C.R.H.); and Departments of Pharmacology and Chemistry and Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (C.D.W.)
| | - Ezequiel Marron Fernandez de Velasco
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology (A.A., B.N.V.) and Department of Pharmacology (E.M.F.d.V., K.W.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (C.R.H.); and Departments of Pharmacology and Chemistry and Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (C.D.W.)
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology (A.A., B.N.V.) and Department of Pharmacology (E.M.F.d.V., K.W.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (C.R.H.); and Departments of Pharmacology and Chemistry and Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (C.D.W.)
| | - C David Weaver
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology (A.A., B.N.V.) and Department of Pharmacology (E.M.F.d.V., K.W.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (C.R.H.); and Departments of Pharmacology and Chemistry and Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (C.D.W.)
| | - Kevin Wickman
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology (A.A., B.N.V.) and Department of Pharmacology (E.M.F.d.V., K.W.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (C.R.H.); and Departments of Pharmacology and Chemistry and Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (C.D.W.)
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10
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Sharma S, Lesiak L, Aretz CD, Du Y, Kumar S, Gautam N, Alnouti Y, Dhuria NV, Chhonker YS, Weaver CD, Hopkins CR. Discovery, synthesis and biological characterization of a series of N-(1-(1,1-dioxidotetrahydrothiophen-3-yl)-3-methyl-1 H-pyrazol-5-yl)acetamide ethers as novel GIRK1/2 potassium channel activators. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:1366-1373. [PMID: 34458739 PMCID: PMC8372201 DOI: 10.1039/d1md00129a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study describes the discovery and characterization of a series of N-(1-(1,1-dioxidotetrahydrothiophen-3-yl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)acetamide ethers as G protein-gated inwardly-rectifying potassium (GIRK) channel activators. From our previous lead optimization efforts, we have identified a new ether-based scaffold and paired this with a novel sulfone-based head group to identify a potent and selective GIRK1/2 activator. In addition, we evaluated the compounds in tier 1 DMPK assays and have identified compounds that display nanomolar potency as GIRK1/2 activators with improved metabolic stability over the prototypical urea-based compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swagat Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha NE 68198 USA
| | - Lauren Lesiak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha NE 68198 USA
| | - Christopher D Aretz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha NE 68198 USA
| | - Yu Du
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Nashville TN 37232 USA
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha NE 68198 USA
| | - Nagsen Gautam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha NE 68198 USA
| | - Yazen Alnouti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha NE 68198 USA
| | - Nikilesh V Dhuria
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha NE 68198 USA
| | - Yashpal S Chhonker
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha NE 68198 USA
| | - C David Weaver
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Nashville TN 37232 USA
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha NE 68198 USA
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11
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Vo BN, Marron Fernandez de Velasco E, Rose TR, Oberle H, Luo H, Hopkins CR, Wickman K. Bidirectional Influence of Limbic GIRK Channel Activation on Innate Avoidance Behavior. J Neurosci 2021; 41:5809-5821. [PMID: 34039657 PMCID: PMC8265807 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2787-20.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic administration of ML297, a selective activator of G-protein-gated inwardly rectifying K+ (GIRK) channels, decreases innate avoidance behavior in male C57BL/6J mice. The cellular mechanisms mediating the ML297-induced suppression of avoidance behavior are unknown. Here, we show that systemic ML297 administration suppresses elevated plus maze (EPM)-induced neuronal activation in the ventral hippocampus (vHPC) and basolateral amygdala (BLA) and that ML297 activates GIRK1-containing GIRK channels in these limbic structures. While intracranial infusion of ML297 into the vHPC suppressed avoidance behavior in the EPM test, mirroring the effect of systemic ML297, intra-BLA administration of ML297 provoked the opposite effect. Using neuron-specific viral genetic and chemogenetic approaches, we found that the combined inhibition of excitatory neurons in CA3 and dentate gyrus (DG) subregions of the vHPC was sufficient to decrease innate avoidance behavior in the EPM, open-field, and light-dark tests in male C57BL/6J mice, while performance in the marble-burying test was not impacted. Furthermore, genetic ablation of GIRK channels in CA3/DG excitatory neurons precluded the suppression of avoidance behavior evoked by systemic ML297 in the EPM test. Thus, acute inhibition of excitatory neurons in the ventral CA3 and DG subregions of the vHPC is necessary for the apparent anxiolytic efficacy of systemic ML297 and is sufficient to decrease innate avoidance behavior in male C57BL/6J mice.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT We interrogated the cellular mechanisms underlying the apparent anxiolytic efficacy of ML297, a selective activator of G-protein-gated inwardly rectifying K+ (GIRK) channels and promising lead compound. Intracranial infusion of ML297 into the ventral hippocampus (vHPC) and basolateral amygdala (BLA) complex exerted opposing influence on innate avoidance behavior in male C57BL/6J mice, the former recapitulating the suppression of avoidance behavior evoked by systemic ML297. Using viral genetic and chemogenetic approaches, we showed that combined inhibition of excitatory neurons in CA3 and dentate gyrus (DG) subregions of the vHPC is sufficient to decrease innate avoidance behavior in male mice and mediates the decrease in avoidance behavior evoked by systemic ML297. These findings establish a foundation for future investigations into the therapeutic potential of GIRK channel modulation in anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baovi N Vo
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | | | - Timothy R Rose
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Hannah Oberle
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Haichang Luo
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198
| | - Kevin Wickman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
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12
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Kumar B, Ahmad R, Sharma S, Gowrikumar S, Primeaux M, Rana S, Natarajan A, Oupicky D, Hopkins CR, Dhawan P, Singh AB. PIK3C3 Inhibition Promotes Sensitivity to Colon Cancer Therapy by Inhibiting Cancer Stem Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092168. [PMID: 33946505 PMCID: PMC8124755 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents a heterogeneous population of tumor cells and cancer stem cells (CSCs) where CSCs are postulated to resist the chemotherapy, and support cancer malignancy. Eliminating CSC can therefore improve CRC therapy and patient survival; however, such strategies have not yielded the desired outcome. Inhibiting autophagy has shown promise in suppressing therapy resistance; however, current autophagy inhibitors have failed in the clinical trials. In the current study, we provided data supporting the efficacy of 36-077, a potent inhibitor of PIK3C3/VPS34, in inhibiting autophagy to kill the CSC to promote the efficacy of colon cancer therapy. Abstract Background: Despite recent advances in therapies, resistance to chemotherapy remains a critical problem in the clinical management of colorectal cancer (CRC). Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a central role in therapy resistance. Thus, elimination of CSCs is crucial for effective CRC therapy; however, such strategies are limited. Autophagy promotes resistance to cancer therapy; however, whether autophagy protects CSCs to promote resistance to CRC-therapy is not well understood. Moreover, specific and potent autophagy inhibitors are warranted as clinical trials with hydroxychloroquine have not been successful. Methods: Colon cancer cells and tumoroids were used. Fluorescent reporter-based analysis of autophagy flux, spheroid and side population (SP) culture, and qPCR were done. We synthesized 36-077, a potent inhibitor of PIK3C3/VPS34 kinase, to inhibit autophagy. Combination treatments were done using 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and 36-077. Results: The 5-FU treatment induced autophagy only in a subset of the treated colon cancer. These autophagy-enriched cells also showed increased expression of CSC markers. Co-treatment with 36-077 significantly improved efficacy of the 5-FU treatment. Mechanistic studies revealed that combination therapy inhibited GSK-3β/Wnt/β-catenin signaling to inhibit CSC population. Conclusion: Autophagy promotes resistance to CRC-therapy by specifically promoting GSK-3β/Wnt/β-catenin signaling to promote CSC survival, and 36-077, a PIK3C3/VPS34 inhibitor, helps promote efficacy of CRC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balawant Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985870 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA; (B.K.); (R.A.); (S.G.); (M.P.); (P.D.)
| | - Rizwan Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985870 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA; (B.K.); (R.A.); (S.G.); (M.P.); (P.D.)
| | - Swagat Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA; (S.S.); (D.O.); (C.R.H.)
| | - Saiprasad Gowrikumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985870 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA; (B.K.); (R.A.); (S.G.); (M.P.); (P.D.)
| | - Mark Primeaux
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985870 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA; (B.K.); (R.A.); (S.G.); (M.P.); (P.D.)
| | - Sandeep Rana
- Eppley Institute for Cancer Research Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA; (S.R.); (A.N.)
| | - Amarnath Natarajan
- Eppley Institute for Cancer Research Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA; (S.R.); (A.N.)
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - David Oupicky
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA; (S.S.); (D.O.); (C.R.H.)
| | - Corey R. Hopkins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA; (S.S.); (D.O.); (C.R.H.)
| | - Punita Dhawan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985870 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA; (B.K.); (R.A.); (S.G.); (M.P.); (P.D.)
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
- VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105-1850, USA
| | - Amar B. Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985870 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA; (B.K.); (R.A.); (S.G.); (M.P.); (P.D.)
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
- VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105-1850, USA
- Correspondence:
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13
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Aretz CD, Kharade SV, Chronister K, Rusconi Trigueros R, Martinez Rodriguez EJ, Piermarini PM, Denton JS, Hopkins CR. Further SAR on the (Phenylsulfonyl)piperazine Scaffold as Inhibitors of the Aedes aegypti Kir1 (AeKir) Channel and Larvicides. ChemMedChem 2020; 16:319-327. [PMID: 32926544 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV), dengue fever (DENV) and chikungunya (CHIKV) are arboviruses that are spread to humans from the bite of an infected adult female Aedes aegypti mosquito. As there are no effective vaccines or therapeutics for these diseases, the primary strategy for controlling the spread of these viruses is to prevent the mosquito from biting humans through the use of insecticides. Unfortunately, the commonly used classes of insecticides have seen a significant increase in resistance, thus complicating control efforts. Inhibiting the renal inward rectifier potassium (Kir) channel of the mosquito vector Aedes aegypti has been shown to be a promising target for the development of novel mosquitocides. We have shown that Kir1 channels play key roles in mosquito diuresis, hemolymph potassium homeostasis, flight, and reproduction. Previous work from our laboratories identified a novel (phenylsulfonyl)piperazine scaffold as potent AeKir channel inhibitors with activity against both adult and larval mosquitoes. Herein, we report further SAR work around this scaffold and have identified additional compounds with improved in vitro potency and mosquito larvae toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Aretz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986125 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA
| | - Sujay V Kharade
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, T-4208 Medical Center North, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Keagan Chronister
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, T-4208 Medical Center North, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | | | | | - Peter M Piermarini
- Department of Entomology, Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
| | - Jerod S Denton
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, T-4208 Medical Center North, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986125 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA
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14
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Vadukoot AK, Sharma S, Aretz CD, Kumar S, Gautam N, Alnouti Y, Aldrich AL, Heim CE, Kielian T, Hopkins CR. Synthesis and SAR Studies of 1 H-Pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridine-2-carboxamides as Phosphodiesterase 4B (PDE4B) Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2020; 11:1848-1854. [PMID: 33062163 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein we report the synthesis, SAR, and biological evaluation of a series of 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxamide derivatives as selective and potent PDE4B inhibitors. Compound 11h is a PDE4B preferring inhibitor and exhibited acceptable in vitro ADME and significantly inhibited TNF-α release from macrophages exposed to pro-inflammatory stimuli (i.e., lipopolysaccharide and the synthetic bacterial lipopeptide Pam3Cys). In addition, 11h was selective against a panel of CNS receptors and represents an excellent lead for further optimization and preclinical testing in the setting of CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anish K. Vadukoot
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Swagat Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Christopher D. Aretz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Nagsen Gautam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Yazen Alnouti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Amy L. Aldrich
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Cortney E. Heim
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Tammy Kielian
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Corey R. Hopkins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
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15
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Engers DW, Bollinger SR, Felts AS, Vadukoot AK, Williams CH, Blobaum AL, Lindsley CW, Hong CC, Hopkins CR. Discovery, synthesis and characterization of a series of 7-aryl-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3-ylquinolines as activin-like kinase (ALK) inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127418. [PMID: 32750526 PMCID: PMC7494637 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The activin-like kinases are a family of kinases that play important roles in a variety of disease states. Of this class of kinases, ALK2, has been shown by a gain-of-function to be the primary driver of the childhood skeletal disease fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) and more recently the pediatric cancer diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG). Herein, we report our efforts to identify a novel imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine scaffold as potent inhibitors of ALK2 with good in vivo pharmacokinetic properties suitable for future animal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren W Engers
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sean R Bollinger
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Andrew S Felts
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Anish K Vadukoot
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA
| | - Charles H Williams
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Anna L Blobaum
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Charles C Hong
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA.
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16
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Burkovetskaya ME, Liu Q, Vadukoot AK, Gautam N, Alnouti Y, Kumar S, Miczek K, Buch S, Hopkins CR, Guo M. KVA-D-88, a Novel Preferable Phosphodiesterase 4B Inhibitor, Decreases Cocaine-Mediated Reward Properties in Vivo. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:2231-2242. [PMID: 32609488 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cocaine addiction remains a major public concern throughout the world especially in developed countries. In the last three decades, significant achievements have led to a greater understanding of the signaling pathways involved in the development of cocaine addiction; however, there are no FDA-approved treatments available to reverse or block this brain disease due to either the unsatisfactory therapeutic efficacy or severe side effects. Previous studies have demonstrated that chronic exposure to cocaine elevates levels of cyclic AMP (cAMP) as a neuroadaptative response in reward-related brain regions. Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors, which elevate cAMP levels, have been shown to block cocaine-mediated behavioral changes related to psychoactive and reinforcing properties. Unfortunately, previously studied PDE4 inhibitors induce severe side-effects, which limit their clinical usage. In this study, we identified a novel PDE4B inhibitor, KVA-D-88, with an improved selectivity profile compared to previous compounds (e.g., rolipram). Pharmacokinetic studies have shown that this compound is brain penetrant and preferably acts on PDE4B compared to PDE4D in vitro, alluding to less unwanted side effects with KVA-D-88 in vivo. Interestingly, pretreatment with KVA-D-88 significantly inhibited cocaine-induced hyperlocomotor activity. In cocaine self-administering mice with differential schedules, KVA-D-88 strikingly decreased the number of active nose-pokes and cocaine infusions and reduced the break point. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that this novel PDE4 inhibitor, KVA-D-88, could inhibit cocaine-mediated rewarding effects implying its potential clinical usage for cocaine addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria E. Burkovetskaya
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Qiaoling Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Anish K. Vadukoot
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Nagsen Gautam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Yazen Alnouti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Klaus Miczek
- Department of Psychology, Tufts University, 530 Boston Ave, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Shilpa Buch
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Corey R. Hopkins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Minglei Guo
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
- Department of Pathology and Anatomy, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23507, United States
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17
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Antonio-Tolentino K, Hopkins CR. Selective α7 nicotinic receptor agonists and positive allosteric modulators for the treatment of schizophrenia - a review. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2020; 29:603-610. [PMID: 32396418 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2020.1764938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR) partial agonists, agonists, and positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) have been in development for over a decade. The initial candidates were in clinical trials for a wide variety of diseases including schizophrenia, but there has yet to be a successful compound to make it to the market for any disorder. Although difficult to assess the cause of all the clinical failures, the lack of efficacy played a major role. The development of more selective compounds, may bring a successful compound to long-suffering schizophrenia patients. AREAS COVERED This article examines investigational agonists and positive allosteric modulators of the α7 nicotinic receptor in preclinical studies as well as clinical trials. Our search included the use of SciFinder, Google, and clinicaltrials.gov with search dates of 2015 to the present. EXPERT OPINION Researchers must rethink their approach should look more closely at the selectivity of new compounds and how to tackle the translational gap. Perhaps new positive allosteric modulators that can help minimize receptor desensitization and selectivity profiles can be a path forward for α7 nAChRs in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Antonio-Tolentino
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, NE, USA
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18
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Belot A, Gourbeyre O, Fay A, Palin A, Besson-Fournier C, Latour C, Hopkins CR, Tidmarsh GF, Coppin H, Roth MP, Ritter MR, Hong CC, Meynard D. LJ000328, a novel ALK2/3 kinase inhibitor, represses hepcidin and significantly improves the phenotype of IRIDA. Haematologica 2019; 105:e385-e388. [PMID: 31806689 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.236133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Belot
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRA, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Ophélie Gourbeyre
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRA, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Alexis Fay
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRA, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Anais Palin
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRA, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Chloé Latour
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRA, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | - Hélène Coppin
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRA, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie-Paule Roth
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRA, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Charles C Hong
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Delphine Meynard
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRA, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France
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Aretz CD, Morwitzer MJ, Sanford AG, Hogan AM, Portillo MV, Kharade SV, Kramer M, McCarthey JB, Trigueros RR, Piermarini PM, Denton JS, Hopkins CR. Discovery and Characterization of 2-Nitro-5-(4-(phenylsulfonyl)piperazin-1-yl)- N-(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)anilines as Novel Inhibitors of the Aedes aegypti Kir1 ( AeKir1) Channel. ACS Infect Dis 2019; 5:917-931. [PMID: 30832472 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.8b00368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mosquito-borne arboviral diseases such as Zika, dengue fever, and chikungunya are transmitted to humans by infected adult female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and affect a large portion of the world's population. The Kir1 channel in Ae. aegypti ( AeKir1) is an important ion channel in the functioning of mosquito Malpighian (renal) tubules and one that can be manipulated in order to disrupt excretory functions in mosquitoes. We have previously reported the discovery of various scaffolds that are active against the AeKir1 channel. Herein we report the synthesis and biological characterization of a new 2-nitro-5-(4-(phenylsulfonyl) piperazin-1-yl)- N-(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)anilines scaffold as inhibitors of AeKir1. This new scaffold is more potent in vitro compared to the previously reported scaffolds, and the molecules kill mosquito larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Sujay V. Kharade
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Meghan Kramer
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - James B. McCarthey
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | | | - Peter M. Piermarini
- Department of Entomology, Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio 44691, United States
| | - Jerod S. Denton
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
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20
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Vo BN, Abney KK, Anderson A, Marron Fernandez de Velasco E, Benneyworth MA, Daniels JS, Morrison RD, Hopkins CR, Weaver CD, Wickman K. VU0810464, a non-urea G protein-gated inwardly rectifying K + (K ir 3/GIRK) channel activator, exhibits enhanced selectivity for neuronal K ir 3 channels and reduces stress-induced hyperthermia in mice. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:2238-2249. [PMID: 30924523 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE G protein-gated inwardly rectifying K+ (Kir 3) channels moderate the activity of excitable cells and have been implicated in neurological disorders and cardiac arrhythmias. Most neuronal Kir 3 channels consist of Kir 3.1 and Kir 3.2 subtypes, while cardiac Kir 3 channels consist of Kir 3.1 and Kir 3.4 subtypes. Previously, we identified a family of urea-containing Kir 3 channel activators, but these molecules exhibit suboptimal pharmacokinetic properties and modest selectivity for Kir 3.1/3.2 relative to Kir 3.1/3.4 channels. Here, we characterize a non-urea activator, VU0810464, which displays nanomolar potency as a Kir 3.1/3.2 activator, improved selectivity for neuronal Kir 3 channels, and improved brain penetration. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We used whole-cell electrophysiology to measure the efficacy and potency of VU0810464 in neurons and the selectivity of VU0810464 for neuronal and cardiac Kir 3 channel subtypes. We tested VU0810464 in vivo in stress-induced hyperthermia and elevated plus maze paradigms. Parallel studies with ML297, the prototypical activator of Kir 3.1-containing Kir 3 channels, were performed to permit direct comparisons. KEY RESULTS VU0810464 and ML297 exhibited comparable efficacy and potency as neuronal Kir 3 channel activators, but VU0810464 was more selective for neuronal Kir 3 channels. VU0810464, like ML297, reduced stress-induced hyperthermia in a Kir 3-dependent manner in mice. ML297, but not VU0810464, decreased anxiety-related behaviour as assessed with the elevated plus maze test. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS VU0810464 represents a new class of Kir 3 channel activator with enhanced selectivity for Kir 3.1/3.2 channels. VU0810464 may be useful for examining Kir 3.1/3.2 channel contributions to complex behaviours and for probing the potential of Kir 3 channel-dependent manipulations to treat neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baovi N Vo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Kristopher K Abney
- School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN
| | - Allison Anderson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | | | | | | | - Ryan D Morrison
- Research and Development, Precera Bioscience, Inc., Franklin, TN
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | | | - Kevin Wickman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
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21
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Abney KK, Bubser M, Du Y, Kozek KA, Bridges TM, Lindsley CW, Daniels JS, Morrison RD, Wickman K, Hopkins CR, Jones CK, Weaver CD. Correction to Analgesic Effects of the GIRK Activator, VU0466551, Alone and in Combination with Morphine in Acute and Persistent Pain Models. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:2621. [PMID: 30912639 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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22
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Aretz CD, Vadukoot AK, Hopkins CR. Discovery of Small Molecule Renal Outer Medullary Potassium (ROMK) Channel Inhibitors: A Brief History of Medicinal Chemistry Approaches To Develop Novel Diuretic Therapeutics. J Med Chem 2019; 62:8682-8694. [PMID: 31034224 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The renal outer medullary potassium (ROMK) channel is a member of the inwardly rectifying family of potassium (Kir, Kir1.1) channels. It is primarily expressed in two regions of the kidney, the cortical collecting duct (CCD) and the thick ascending loop of Henle (TALH). At the CCD it tightly regulates potassium secretion while controlling potassium recycling in TALH. As loss-of-function mutations lead to salt wasting and low blood pressure, it has been surmised that inhibitors of ROMK would represent a target for new and improved diuretics for the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. In this review, we discuss and provide an overview of the medicinal chemistry approaches toward the development of small molecule ROMK inhibitors over the past decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Aretz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , Nebraska 68198 , United States
| | - Anish K Vadukoot
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , Nebraska 68198 , United States
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , Nebraska 68198 , United States
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23
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Abstract
Transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels are highly homologous, nonselective cation channels that form many homo- and heterotetrameric channels. These channels are highly abundant in the brain and kidney and have been implicated in numerous diseases, such as depression, addiction, and chronic kidney disease, among others. Historically, there have been very few selective modulators of the TRPC family in order to fully understand their role in disease despite their physiological significance. However, that has changed recently and there has been a significant increase in interest in this family of channels which has led to the emergence of selective tool compounds, and even preclinical drug candidates, over the past few years. This review will cover these new advancements in the discovery of TRPC modulators and the emergence of newly reported structural information which will undoubtedly lead to even greater advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swagat Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , Nebraska 68198-6125 , United States
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , Nebraska 68198-6125 , United States
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24
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Mccarthey JB, Aretz CD, Morwitzer MD, Sanford AG, Hogan AM, Portillo MV, Kharade SV, Kramer M, Rusconi R, Piermarini PM, Denton JS, Hopkins CR. Discovery and characterization of a novel class of phenylsulfonylpiperazine containing compounds as inhibitors of the
Aedes aegypti
Kir1 (
Ae
Kir1) potassium channel. FASEB J 2019. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.862.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Christopher D Aretz
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE
| | - Melody D Morwitzer
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE
| | - Austin G Sanford
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE
| | - Alicia M Hogan
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE
| | - Madeline V Portillo
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE
| | - Sujay V Kharade
- Department of AnesthesiologyVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN
| | - Meghan Kramer
- Department of AnesthesiologyVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN
| | | | | | - Jerod S Denton
- Department of AnesthesiologyVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE
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25
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Abney KK, Bubser M, Du Y, Kozek KA, Bridges TM, Lindsley CW, Daniels JS, Morrison RD, Wickman K, Hopkins CR, Jones CK, Weaver CD. Analgesic Effects of the GIRK Activator, VU0466551, Alone and in Combination with Morphine in Acute and Persistent Pain Models. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:1294-1299. [PMID: 30474955 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-gated inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels are potassium-selective ion channels. As their name suggests, GIRK channels are effectors of Gi/o G protein-couple receptors whereby activation of these GPCRs leads to increased GIRK channel activity resulting in decreased cellular excitability. In this way, GIRK channels play diverse roles in physiology as effectors of Gi/o-coupled GPCRs: peacemaking in the heart rate, modulation of hormone secretion in endocrine tissues, as well as numerous CNS functions including learning, memory, and addiction/reward. Notably, GIRK channels are widely expressed along the spinothalamic tract and are positioned to play roles in both ascending and descending pain pathways. More notably, GIRK channel knockout and knock-down studies have found that GIRK channels play a major role in the action of opioid analgesics which act predominantly through Gi/o-coupled, opioid-activated GPCRs (e.g., μ-opioid receptors). Recent advances in GIRK channel pharmacology have led to the development of small molecules that directly and selectively activate GIRK channels. Based on research implicating the involvement of GIRK channels in pain pathways and as effectors of opioid analgesics, we conducted a study to determine whether direct pharmacological activation of GIRK channels could produce analgesic efficacy and/or augment the analgesic efficacy morphine, an opioid receptor agonist capable of activating μ-opioid receptors as well as other opioid receptor subtypes. In the present study, we demonstrate that the small-molecule GIRK activator, VU0466551, has analgesic effects when dosed alone or in combination with submaximally effective doses of morphine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristopher K. Abney
- School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee 37208, United States
| | - Michael Bubser
- Vanderbilt Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Yu Du
- Vanderbilt Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Krystian A. Kozek
- Vanderbilt Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Thomas M. Bridges
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Craig W. Lindsley
- Vanderbilt Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | | | | | - Kevin Wickman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Corey R. Hopkins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Carrie K. Jones
- Vanderbilt Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - C. David Weaver
- Vanderbilt Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
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26
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Sharma S, Kozek KA, Abney KK, Kumar S, Gautam N, Alnouti Y, David Weaver C, Hopkins CR. Discovery, synthesis and characterization of a series of (1-alkyl-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-2-(5-aryl-2H-tetrazol-2-yl)acetamides as novel GIRK1/2 potassium channel activators. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:791-796. [PMID: 30718161 PMCID: PMC6398930 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study describes the discovery and characterization of a series of 5-aryl-2H-tetrazol-3-ylacetamides as G protein-gated inwardly-rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels activators. Working from an initial hit discovered during a high-throughput screening campaign, we identified a tetrazole scaffold that shifts away from the previously reported urea-based scaffolds while remaining effective GIRK1/2 channel activators. In addition, we evaluated the compounds in Tier 1 DMPK assays and have identified a (3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)tetrahydrothiophene-1,1-dioxide head group that imparts interesting and unexpected microsomal stability compared to previously-reported pyrazole head groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swagat Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA
| | - Krystian A Kozek
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Kristopher K Abney
- School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA
| | - Nagsen Gautam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA
| | - Yazen Alnouti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA
| | - C David Weaver
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA.
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27
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Panarese JD, Engers DW, Wu YJ, Bronson JJ, Macor JE, Chun A, Rodriguez AL, Felts AS, Engers JL, Loch MT, Emmitte KA, Castelhano AL, Kates MJ, Nader MA, Jones CK, Blobaum AL, Conn PJ, Niswender CM, Hopkins CR, Lindsley CW. Discovery of VU2957 (Valiglurax): An mGlu 4 Positive Allosteric Modulator Evaluated as a Preclinical Candidate for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease. ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:255-260. [PMID: 30891122 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.8b00426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report the discovery of a novel potent, selective, CNS penetrant, and orally bioavailable mGlu4 PAM, VU0652957 (VU2957, Valiglurax). VU2957 possessed attractive in vitro and in vivo pharmacological and DMPK properties across species. To advance toward the clinic, a spray-dried dispersion (SDD) formulation of VU2957 was developed to support IND-enabling toxicology studies. Based on its overall profile, VU2957 was evaluated as a preclinical development candidate for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph D. Panarese
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Darren W. Engers
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Yong-Jin Wu
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Research & Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492 United States
| | - Joanne J. Bronson
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Research & Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492 United States
| | - John E. Macor
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Research & Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492 United States
| | - Aspen Chun
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Alice L. Rodriguez
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Andrew S. Felts
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Julie L. Engers
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Matthew T. Loch
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Kyle A. Emmitte
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Arlindo L. Castelhano
- Davos Pharma, A Davos Chemical Company, 600 East Crescent Ave., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, United States
| | - Michael J. Kates
- Davos Pharma, A Davos Chemical Company, 600 East Crescent Ave., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, United States
| | - Michael A. Nader
- Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction Treatment, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Carrie K. Jones
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Anna L. Blobaum
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - P. Jeffrey Conn
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Colleen M. Niswender
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Corey R. Hopkins
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Craig W. Lindsley
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
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28
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Kozek KA, Du Y, Sharma S, Prael FJ, Spitznagel BD, Kharade SV, Denton JS, Hopkins CR, Weaver CD. Discovery and Characterization of VU0529331, a Synthetic Small-Molecule Activator of Homomeric G Protein-Gated, Inwardly Rectifying, Potassium (GIRK) Channels. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:358-370. [PMID: 30136838 PMCID: PMC6528656 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-gated, inwardly rectifying, potassium (GIRK) channels are important regulators of cellular excitability throughout the body. GIRK channels are heterotetrameric and homotetrameric combinations of the Kir3.1-4 (GIRK1-4) subunits. Different subunit combinations are expressed throughout the central nervous system (CNS) and the periphery, and most of these combinations contain a GIRK1 subunit. For example, the predominance of GIRK channels in the CNS are composed of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits, while the GIRK channels in cardiac atrial myocytes are made up mostly of GIRK1 and GIRK4 subunits. Although the vast majority of GIRK channels contain a GIRK1 subunit, discrete populations of cells that express non-GIRK1-containing GIRK (non-GIRK1/X) channels do exist. For instance, dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area of the brain, associated with addiction and reward, do not express the GIRK1 subunit. Targeting these non-GIRK1/X channels with subunit-selective pharmacological probes could lead to important insights into how GIRK channels are involved in reward and addiction. Such insights may, in turn, reveal therapeutic opportunities for the treatment or prevention of addiction. Previously, our laboratory discovered small molecules that can specifically modulate the activity of GIRK1-containing GIRK channels. However, efforts to generate compounds active on non-GIRK1/X channels from these scaffolds have been unsuccessful. Recently, ivermectin was shown to modulate non-GIRK1/X channels, and historically, ivermectin is known to modulate a wide variety of neuronal channels and receptors. Further, ivermectin is a complex natural product, which makes it a challenging starting point for development of more selective, effective, and potent compounds. Thus, while ivermectin provides proof-of-concept as a non-GIRK1/X channel activator, it is of limited utility. Therefore, we sought to discover a synthetic small molecule that would serve as a starting point for the development of non-GIRK1/X channel modulators. To accomplish this, we used a high-throughput thallium flux assay to screen a 100 000-compound library in search of activators of homomeric GIRK2 channels. Using this approach, we discovered VU0529331, the first synthetic small molecule reported to activate non-GIRK1/X channels, to our knowledge. This discovery represents the first step toward developing potent and selective non-GIRK1/X channel probes. Such molecules will help elucidate the role of GIRK channels in addiction, potentially establishing a foundation for future development of therapies utilizing targeted GIRK channel modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystian A. Kozek
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- vanderbilt Medical Scientist Training Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Yu Du
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Swagat Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Drug Discovery, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Francis J. Prael
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Brittany D. Spitznagel
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Sujay V. Kharade
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jerod S. Denton
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Corey R. Hopkins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Drug Discovery, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - C. David Weaver
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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29
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Sharma SH, Pablo JL, Montesinos MS, Greka A, Hopkins CR. Design, synthesis and characterization of novel N-heterocyclic-1-benzyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-2-amines as selective TRPC5 inhibitors leading to the identification of the selective compound, AC1903. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 29:155-159. [PMID: 30538066 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The transient receptor potential cation channel 5 (TRPC5) has been previously shown to affect podocyte survival in the kidney. As such, inhibitors of TRPC5 are interesting candidates for the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Herein, we report the synthesis and biological characterization of a series of N-heterocyclic-1-benzyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-2-amines as selective TRPC5 inhibitors. Work reported here evaluates the benzimidazole scaffold and substituents resulting in the discovery of AC1903, a TRPC5 inhibitor that is active in multiple animal models of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swagat H Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States
| | - Juan Lorenzo Pablo
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, United States
| | - Monica Suarez Montesinos
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, United States
| | - Anna Greka
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, United States
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States.
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30
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Rusconi Trigueros R, Hopkins CR, Denton JS, Piermarini PM. Pharmacological Inhibition of Inward Rectifier Potassium Channels Induces Lethality in Larval Aedes aegypti. Insects 2018; 9:E163. [PMID: 30445675 PMCID: PMC6315791 DOI: 10.3390/insects9040163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The inward rectifier potassium (Kir) channels play key roles in the physiology of mosquitoes and other insects. Our group, among others, previously demonstrated that small molecule inhibitors of Kir channels are promising lead molecules for developing new insecticides to control adult female mosquitoes. However, the potential use of Kir channel inhibitors as larvicidal agents is unknown. Here we tested the hypothesis that pharmacological inhibition of Kir channels in the larvae of Aedes aegypti, the vector of several medically important arboviruses, induces lethality. We demonstrated that adding barium, a non-specific blocker of Kir channels, or VU041, a specific small-molecule inhibitor of mosquito Kir1 channels, to the rearing water (deionized H₂O) of first instar larvae killed them within 48 h. We further showed that the toxic efficacy of VU041 within 24 h was significantly enhanced by increasing the osmolality of the rearing water to 100 mOsm/kg H₂O with NaCl, KCl or mannitol; KCl provided the strongest enhancement compared to NaCl and mannitol. These data suggest: (1) the important role of Kir channels in the acclimation of larvae to elevated ambient osmolality and KCl concentrations; and (2) the disruption of osmoregulation as a potential mechanism of the toxic action of VU041. The present study provides the first evidence that inhibition of Kir channels is lethal to larval mosquitoes and broadens the potential applications of our existing arsenal of small molecule inhibitors of Kir channels, which have previously only been considered for developing adulticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Rusconi Trigueros
- Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH 44691, USA.
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
| | - Jerod S Denton
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Peter M Piermarini
- Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH 44691, USA.
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31
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Bollinger SR, Engers DW, Panarese JD, West M, Engers JL, Loch MT, Rodriguez AL, Blobaum AL, Jones CK, Thompson Gray A, Conn PJ, Lindsley CW, Niswender CM, Hopkins CR. Discovery, Structure-Activity Relationship, and Biological Characterization of a Novel Series of 6-((1 H-Pyrazolo[4,3- b]pyridin-3-yl)amino)-benzo[ d]isothiazole-3-carboxamides as Positive Allosteric Modulators of the Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 4 (mGlu 4). J Med Chem 2018; 62:342-358. [PMID: 30247901 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This work describes the discovery and characterization of novel 6-(1 H-pyrazolo[4,3- b]pyridin-3-yl)amino-benzo[ d]isothiazole-3-carboxamides as mGlu4 PAMs. This scaffold provides improved metabolic clearance and CYP1A2 profiles compared to previously discovered mGlu4 PAMs. From this work, 27o (VU6001376) was identified as a potent (EC50 = 50.1 nM, 50.5% GluMax) and selective mGlu4 PAM with an excellent rat DMPK profile ( in vivo rat CLp = 3.1 mL/min/kg, t1/2 = 445 min, CYP1A2 IC50 > 30 μM). Compound 27o was also active in reversing haloperidol induced catalepsy in a rodent preclinical model of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean R Bollinger
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States.,Department of Pharmacology , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States
| | - Darren W Engers
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States.,Department of Pharmacology , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States
| | - Joseph D Panarese
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States.,Department of Pharmacology , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States
| | - Mary West
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States.,Department of Pharmacology , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States
| | - Julie L Engers
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States.,Department of Pharmacology , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States
| | - Matthew T Loch
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States.,Department of Pharmacology , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States
| | - Alice L Rodriguez
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States.,Department of Pharmacology , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States
| | - Anna L Blobaum
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States.,Department of Pharmacology , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States
| | - Carrie K Jones
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States.,Department of Pharmacology , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States
| | - Analisa Thompson Gray
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States.,Department of Pharmacology , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States
| | - P Jeffrey Conn
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States.,Department of Pharmacology , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States.,Vanderbilt Kennedy Center , Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States.,Department of Pharmacology , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States.,Department of Biochemistry , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States
| | - Colleen M Niswender
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States.,Department of Pharmacology , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States.,Vanderbilt Kennedy Center , Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States.,Department of Pharmacology , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States
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32
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Piermarini PM, Inocente EA, Acosta N, Hopkins CR, Denton JS, Michel AP. Inward rectifier potassium (Kir) channels in the soybean aphid Aphis glycines: Functional characterization, pharmacology, and toxicology. J Insect Physiol 2018; 110:57-65. [PMID: 30196125 PMCID: PMC6173977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Inward rectifier K+ (Kir) channels contribute to a variety of physiological processes in insects and are emerging targets for insecticide development. Previous studies on insect Kir channels have primarily focused on dipteran species (e.g., mosquitoes, fruit flies). Here we identify and functionally characterize Kir channel subunits in a hemipteran insect, the soybean aphid Aphis glycines, which is an economically important insect pest and vector of soybeans. From the transcriptome and genome of Ap. glycines we identified two cDNAs, ApKir1 and ApKir2, encoding Kir subunits that were orthologs of insect Kir1 and Kir2, respectively. Notably, a gene encoding a Kir3 subunit was absent from the transcriptome and genome of Ap. glycines, similar to the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum. Heterologous expression of ApKir1 and ApKir2 in Xenopus laevis oocytes enhanced K+-currents in the plasma membrane; these currents were inhibited by barium and the small molecule VU041. Compared to ApKir2, ApKir1 mediated currents that were larger in magnitude, more sensitive to barium, and less inhibited by small molecule VU041. Moreover, ApKir1 exhibited stronger inward rectification compared to ApKir2. Topical application of VU041 in adult aphids resulted in dose-dependent mortality within 24 h that was more efficacious than flonicamid, an established insecticide also known to inhibit Kir channels. We conclude that despite the apparent loss of Kir3 genes in aphid evolution, Kir channels are important to aphid survival and represent a promising target for the development of new insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter M Piermarini
- Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, USA.
| | - Edna Alfaro Inocente
- Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, USA
| | - Nuris Acosta
- Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, USA
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jerod S Denton
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Andrew P Michel
- Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, USA
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33
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Engers DW, Bollinger SR, Engers JL, Panarese JD, Breiner MM, Gregro A, Blobaum AL, Bronson JJ, Wu YJ, Macor JE, Rodriguez AL, Zamorano R, Conn PJ, Lindsley CW, Niswender CM, Hopkins CR. Discovery and characterization of N-(1,3-dialkyl-1H-indazol-6-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridin-3-amine scaffold as mGlu 4 positive allosteric modulators that mitigate CYP1A2 induction liability. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:2641-2646. [PMID: 29958762 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Previous reports from our laboratory disclosed the structure and activity of a novel 1H-pyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridine-3-amine scaffold (VU8506) which showed excellent potency, selectivity and in vivo efficacy in preclinical rodent models of Parkinson's disease. Unfortunately, this compound suffered from significant CYP1A2 induction as measured through upstream AhR activation (125-fold) and thus was precluded from further advancement in chronic studies. Herein, we report a new scaffold developed recently which was systematically studied in order to mitigate the CYP1A2 liabilities presented in the earlier scaffolds. We have identified a novel structure that maintains the potency and selectivity of other mGlu4 PAMs, leading to 9i (hmGlu4 EC50 = 43 nM; AhR activation = 2.3-fold).
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren W Engers
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sean R Bollinger
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Julie L Engers
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Joseph D Panarese
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Megan M Breiner
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Alison Gregro
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Anna L Blobaum
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Joanne J Bronson
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Research and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492, USA
| | - Yong-Jin Wu
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Research and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492, USA
| | - John E Macor
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Research and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492, USA
| | - Alice L Rodriguez
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Rocio Zamorano
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - P Jeffrey Conn
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Colleen M Niswender
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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34
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Kharade SV, Kurata H, Bender AM, Blobaum AL, Figueroa EE, Duran A, Kramer M, Days E, Vinson P, Flores D, Satlin LM, Meiler J, Weaver CD, Lindsley CW, Hopkins CR, Denton JS. Discovery, Characterization, and Effects on Renal Fluid and Electrolyte Excretion of the Kir4.1 Potassium Channel Pore Blocker, VU0134992. Mol Pharmacol 2018; 94:926-937. [PMID: 29895592 DOI: 10.1124/mol.118.112359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The inward rectifier potassium (Kir) channel Kir4.1 (KCNJ10) carries out important physiologic roles in epithelial cells of the kidney, astrocytes in the central nervous system, and stria vascularis of the inner ear. Loss-of-function mutations in KCNJ10 lead to EAST/SeSAME syndrome, which is characterized by epilepsy, ataxia, renal salt wasting, and sensorineural deafness. Although genetic approaches have been indispensable for establishing the importance of Kir4.1 in the normal function of these tissues, the availability of pharmacological tools for acutely manipulating the activity of Kir4.1 in genetically normal animals has been lacking. We therefore carried out a high-throughput screen of 76,575 compounds from the Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology library for small-molecule modulators of Kir4.1. The most potent inhibitor identified was 2-(2-bromo-4-isopropylphenoxy)-N-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)acetamide (VU0134992). In whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology experiments, VU0134992 inhibits Kir4.1 with an IC50 value of 0.97 µM and is 9-fold selective for homomeric Kir4.1 over Kir4.1/5.1 concatemeric channels (IC50 = 9 µM) at -120 mV. In thallium (Tl+) flux assays, VU0134992 is greater than 30-fold selective for Kir4.1 over Kir1.1, Kir2.1, and Kir2.2; is weakly active toward Kir2.3, Kir6.2/SUR1, and Kir7.1; and is equally active toward Kir3.1/3.2, Kir3.1/3.4, and Kir4.2. This potency and selectivity profile is superior to Kir4.1 inhibitors amitriptyline, nortriptyline, and fluoxetine. Medicinal chemistry identified components of VU0134992 that are critical for inhibiting Kir4.1. Patch-clamp electrophysiology, molecular modeling, and site-directed mutagenesis identified pore-lining glutamate 158 and isoleucine 159 as critical residues for block of the channel. VU0134992 displayed a large free unbound fraction (fu) in rat plasma (fu = 0.213). Consistent with the known role of Kir4.1 in renal function, oral dosing of VU0134992 led to a dose-dependent diuresis, natriuresis, and kaliuresis in rats. Thus, VU0134992 represents the first in vivo active tool compound for probing the therapeutic potential of Kir4.1 as a novel diuretic target for the treatment of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujay V Kharade
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (S.V.K., M.K., J.S.D.); Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery and the Vanderbilt Specialized Chemistry Center for Accelerated Probe Development (H.K., A.M.B., A.L.B., C.W.L., C.R.H.), Departments of Pharmacology (H.K., A.M.B., E.E.F., J.M., C.D.W., C.W.L., J.S.D.) and Chemistry (A.D., J.M., C.D.W., C.W.L.), High-Throughput Screening Center (E.D., P.V.), and Institute of Chemical Biology (C.D.W., C.W.L., J.S.D.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York (D.F., L.M.S.); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (C.R.H.)
| | - Haruto Kurata
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (S.V.K., M.K., J.S.D.); Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery and the Vanderbilt Specialized Chemistry Center for Accelerated Probe Development (H.K., A.M.B., A.L.B., C.W.L., C.R.H.), Departments of Pharmacology (H.K., A.M.B., E.E.F., J.M., C.D.W., C.W.L., J.S.D.) and Chemistry (A.D., J.M., C.D.W., C.W.L.), High-Throughput Screening Center (E.D., P.V.), and Institute of Chemical Biology (C.D.W., C.W.L., J.S.D.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York (D.F., L.M.S.); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (C.R.H.)
| | - Aaron M Bender
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (S.V.K., M.K., J.S.D.); Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery and the Vanderbilt Specialized Chemistry Center for Accelerated Probe Development (H.K., A.M.B., A.L.B., C.W.L., C.R.H.), Departments of Pharmacology (H.K., A.M.B., E.E.F., J.M., C.D.W., C.W.L., J.S.D.) and Chemistry (A.D., J.M., C.D.W., C.W.L.), High-Throughput Screening Center (E.D., P.V.), and Institute of Chemical Biology (C.D.W., C.W.L., J.S.D.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York (D.F., L.M.S.); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (C.R.H.)
| | - Anna L Blobaum
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (S.V.K., M.K., J.S.D.); Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery and the Vanderbilt Specialized Chemistry Center for Accelerated Probe Development (H.K., A.M.B., A.L.B., C.W.L., C.R.H.), Departments of Pharmacology (H.K., A.M.B., E.E.F., J.M., C.D.W., C.W.L., J.S.D.) and Chemistry (A.D., J.M., C.D.W., C.W.L.), High-Throughput Screening Center (E.D., P.V.), and Institute of Chemical Biology (C.D.W., C.W.L., J.S.D.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York (D.F., L.M.S.); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (C.R.H.)
| | - Eric E Figueroa
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (S.V.K., M.K., J.S.D.); Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery and the Vanderbilt Specialized Chemistry Center for Accelerated Probe Development (H.K., A.M.B., A.L.B., C.W.L., C.R.H.), Departments of Pharmacology (H.K., A.M.B., E.E.F., J.M., C.D.W., C.W.L., J.S.D.) and Chemistry (A.D., J.M., C.D.W., C.W.L.), High-Throughput Screening Center (E.D., P.V.), and Institute of Chemical Biology (C.D.W., C.W.L., J.S.D.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York (D.F., L.M.S.); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (C.R.H.)
| | - Amanda Duran
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (S.V.K., M.K., J.S.D.); Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery and the Vanderbilt Specialized Chemistry Center for Accelerated Probe Development (H.K., A.M.B., A.L.B., C.W.L., C.R.H.), Departments of Pharmacology (H.K., A.M.B., E.E.F., J.M., C.D.W., C.W.L., J.S.D.) and Chemistry (A.D., J.M., C.D.W., C.W.L.), High-Throughput Screening Center (E.D., P.V.), and Institute of Chemical Biology (C.D.W., C.W.L., J.S.D.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York (D.F., L.M.S.); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (C.R.H.)
| | - Meghan Kramer
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (S.V.K., M.K., J.S.D.); Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery and the Vanderbilt Specialized Chemistry Center for Accelerated Probe Development (H.K., A.M.B., A.L.B., C.W.L., C.R.H.), Departments of Pharmacology (H.K., A.M.B., E.E.F., J.M., C.D.W., C.W.L., J.S.D.) and Chemistry (A.D., J.M., C.D.W., C.W.L.), High-Throughput Screening Center (E.D., P.V.), and Institute of Chemical Biology (C.D.W., C.W.L., J.S.D.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York (D.F., L.M.S.); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (C.R.H.)
| | - Emily Days
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (S.V.K., M.K., J.S.D.); Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery and the Vanderbilt Specialized Chemistry Center for Accelerated Probe Development (H.K., A.M.B., A.L.B., C.W.L., C.R.H.), Departments of Pharmacology (H.K., A.M.B., E.E.F., J.M., C.D.W., C.W.L., J.S.D.) and Chemistry (A.D., J.M., C.D.W., C.W.L.), High-Throughput Screening Center (E.D., P.V.), and Institute of Chemical Biology (C.D.W., C.W.L., J.S.D.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York (D.F., L.M.S.); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (C.R.H.)
| | - Paige Vinson
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (S.V.K., M.K., J.S.D.); Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery and the Vanderbilt Specialized Chemistry Center for Accelerated Probe Development (H.K., A.M.B., A.L.B., C.W.L., C.R.H.), Departments of Pharmacology (H.K., A.M.B., E.E.F., J.M., C.D.W., C.W.L., J.S.D.) and Chemistry (A.D., J.M., C.D.W., C.W.L.), High-Throughput Screening Center (E.D., P.V.), and Institute of Chemical Biology (C.D.W., C.W.L., J.S.D.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York (D.F., L.M.S.); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (C.R.H.)
| | - Daniel Flores
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (S.V.K., M.K., J.S.D.); Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery and the Vanderbilt Specialized Chemistry Center for Accelerated Probe Development (H.K., A.M.B., A.L.B., C.W.L., C.R.H.), Departments of Pharmacology (H.K., A.M.B., E.E.F., J.M., C.D.W., C.W.L., J.S.D.) and Chemistry (A.D., J.M., C.D.W., C.W.L.), High-Throughput Screening Center (E.D., P.V.), and Institute of Chemical Biology (C.D.W., C.W.L., J.S.D.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York (D.F., L.M.S.); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (C.R.H.)
| | - Lisa M Satlin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (S.V.K., M.K., J.S.D.); Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery and the Vanderbilt Specialized Chemistry Center for Accelerated Probe Development (H.K., A.M.B., A.L.B., C.W.L., C.R.H.), Departments of Pharmacology (H.K., A.M.B., E.E.F., J.M., C.D.W., C.W.L., J.S.D.) and Chemistry (A.D., J.M., C.D.W., C.W.L.), High-Throughput Screening Center (E.D., P.V.), and Institute of Chemical Biology (C.D.W., C.W.L., J.S.D.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York (D.F., L.M.S.); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (C.R.H.)
| | - Jens Meiler
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (S.V.K., M.K., J.S.D.); Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery and the Vanderbilt Specialized Chemistry Center for Accelerated Probe Development (H.K., A.M.B., A.L.B., C.W.L., C.R.H.), Departments of Pharmacology (H.K., A.M.B., E.E.F., J.M., C.D.W., C.W.L., J.S.D.) and Chemistry (A.D., J.M., C.D.W., C.W.L.), High-Throughput Screening Center (E.D., P.V.), and Institute of Chemical Biology (C.D.W., C.W.L., J.S.D.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York (D.F., L.M.S.); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (C.R.H.)
| | - C David Weaver
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (S.V.K., M.K., J.S.D.); Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery and the Vanderbilt Specialized Chemistry Center for Accelerated Probe Development (H.K., A.M.B., A.L.B., C.W.L., C.R.H.), Departments of Pharmacology (H.K., A.M.B., E.E.F., J.M., C.D.W., C.W.L., J.S.D.) and Chemistry (A.D., J.M., C.D.W., C.W.L.), High-Throughput Screening Center (E.D., P.V.), and Institute of Chemical Biology (C.D.W., C.W.L., J.S.D.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York (D.F., L.M.S.); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (C.R.H.)
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (S.V.K., M.K., J.S.D.); Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery and the Vanderbilt Specialized Chemistry Center for Accelerated Probe Development (H.K., A.M.B., A.L.B., C.W.L., C.R.H.), Departments of Pharmacology (H.K., A.M.B., E.E.F., J.M., C.D.W., C.W.L., J.S.D.) and Chemistry (A.D., J.M., C.D.W., C.W.L.), High-Throughput Screening Center (E.D., P.V.), and Institute of Chemical Biology (C.D.W., C.W.L., J.S.D.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York (D.F., L.M.S.); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (C.R.H.)
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (S.V.K., M.K., J.S.D.); Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery and the Vanderbilt Specialized Chemistry Center for Accelerated Probe Development (H.K., A.M.B., A.L.B., C.W.L., C.R.H.), Departments of Pharmacology (H.K., A.M.B., E.E.F., J.M., C.D.W., C.W.L., J.S.D.) and Chemistry (A.D., J.M., C.D.W., C.W.L.), High-Throughput Screening Center (E.D., P.V.), and Institute of Chemical Biology (C.D.W., C.W.L., J.S.D.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York (D.F., L.M.S.); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (C.R.H.)
| | - Jerod S Denton
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (S.V.K., M.K., J.S.D.); Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery and the Vanderbilt Specialized Chemistry Center for Accelerated Probe Development (H.K., A.M.B., A.L.B., C.W.L., C.R.H.), Departments of Pharmacology (H.K., A.M.B., E.E.F., J.M., C.D.W., C.W.L., J.S.D.) and Chemistry (A.D., J.M., C.D.W., C.W.L.), High-Throughput Screening Center (E.D., P.V.), and Institute of Chemical Biology (C.D.W., C.W.L., J.S.D.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York (D.F., L.M.S.); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (C.R.H.)
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35
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Gogliotti RG, Senter RK, Fisher NM, Adams J, Zamorano R, Walker AG, Blobaum AL, Engers DW, Hopkins CR, Daniels JS, Jones CK, Lindsley CW, Xiang Z, Conn PJ, Niswender CM. mGlu 7 potentiation rescues cognitive, social, and respiratory phenotypes in a mouse model of Rett syndrome. Sci Transl Med 2018; 9:9/403/eaai7459. [PMID: 28814546 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aai7459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Rett syndrome (RTT) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by mutations in the methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MECP2) gene. The cognitive impairments seen in mouse models of RTT correlate with deficits in long-term potentiation (LTP) at Schaffer collateral (SC)-CA1 synapses in the hippocampus. Metabotropic glutamate receptor 7 (mGlu7) is the predominant mGlu receptor expressed presynaptically at SC-CA1 synapses in adult mice, and its activation on GABAergic interneurons is necessary for induction of LTP. We demonstrate that pathogenic mutations in MECP2 reduce mGlu7 protein expression in brain tissue from RTT patients and in MECP2-deficient mouse models. In rodents, this reduction impairs mGlu7-mediated control of synaptic transmission. We show that positive allosteric modulation of mGlu7 activity restores LTP and improves contextual fear learning, novel object recognition, and social memory. Furthermore, mGlu7 positive allosteric modulation decreases apneas in Mecp2+/- mice, suggesting that mGlu7 may be a potential therapeutic target for multiple aspects of the RTT phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocco G Gogliotti
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Rebecca K Senter
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Nicole M Fisher
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jeffrey Adams
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Rocio Zamorano
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Adam G Walker
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Anna L Blobaum
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Darren W Engers
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - J Scott Daniels
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Carrie K Jones
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Zixiu Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - P Jeffrey Conn
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Colleen M Niswender
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA. .,Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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36
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Kharade SV, Kurata H, Figueroa E, Blobaum AL, Kramer M, Lindsley C, Hopkins CR, Denton JS. Discovery, characterization, and preclinical development of a Kir4.1 (
KCNJ10
) inhibitor for the treatment of hypertension. FASEB J 2018. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.829.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Haruto Kurata
- Center for Neuroscience Drug DiscoveryVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN
| | - Eric Figueroa
- PharmacologyVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN
| | - Anna Louise Blobaum
- Center for Neuroscience Drug DiscoveryVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN
| | - Meghan Kramer
- AnesthesiologyVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN
| | - Craig Lindsley
- Center for Neuroscience Drug DiscoveryVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN
| | - Corey R. Hopkins
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE
- Center for Neuroscience Drug DiscoveryVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN
| | - Jerod S. Denton
- AnesthesiologyVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN
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37
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Zhou Y, Castonguay P, Sidhom EH, Clark AR, Dvela-Levitt M, Kim S, Sieber J, Wieder N, Jung JY, Andreeva S, Reichardt J, Dubois F, Hoffmann SC, Basgen JM, Montesinos MS, Weins A, Johnson AC, Lander ES, Garrett MR, Hopkins CR, Greka A. A small-molecule inhibitor of TRPC5 ion channels suppresses progressive kidney disease in animal models. Science 2018; 358:1332-1336. [PMID: 29217578 DOI: 10.1126/science.aal4178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Progressive kidney diseases are often associated with scarring of the kidney's filtration unit, a condition called focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). This scarring is due to loss of podocytes, cells critical for glomerular filtration, and leads to proteinuria and kidney failure. Inherited forms of FSGS are caused by Rac1-activating mutations, and Rac1 induces TRPC5 ion channel activity and cytoskeletal remodeling in podocytes. Whether TRPC5 activity mediates FSGS onset and progression is unknown. We identified a small molecule, AC1903, that specifically blocks TRPC5 channel activity in glomeruli of proteinuric rats. Chronic administration of AC1903 suppressed severe proteinuria and prevented podocyte loss in a transgenic rat model of FSGS. AC1903 also provided therapeutic benefit in a rat model of hypertensive proteinuric kidney disease. These data indicate that TRPC5 activity drives disease and that TRPC5 inhibitors may be valuable for the treatment of progressive kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Philip Castonguay
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Eriene-Heidi Sidhom
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Abbe R Clark
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Moran Dvela-Levitt
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Sookyung Kim
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jonas Sieber
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Nicolas Wieder
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Ji Yong Jung
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Svetlana Andreeva
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jana Reichardt
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Frank Dubois
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sigrid C Hoffmann
- Medical Research Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, Germany
| | - John M Basgen
- Life Sciences Institute, Charles R. Drew University of Science and Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
| | - Mónica S Montesinos
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Astrid Weins
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ashley C Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Eric S Lander
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Michael R Garrett
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Anna Greka
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
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38
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Wieting JM, Vadukoot AK, Sharma S, Abney KK, Bridges TM, Daniels JS, Morrison RD, Wickman K, Weaver CD, Hopkins CR. Discovery and Characterization of 1H-Pyrazol-5-yl-2-phenylacetamides as Novel, Non-Urea-Containing GIRK1/2 Potassium Channel Activators. ACS Chem Neurosci 2017; 8:1873-1879. [PMID: 28697302 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The G protein-gated inwardly-rectifying potassium channels (GIRK, Kir3) are a family of inward-rectifying potassium channels, and there is significant evidence supporting the roles of GIRKs in a number of physiological processes and as potential targets for numerous indications. Previously reported urea containing molecules as GIRK1/2 preferring activators have had significant pharmacokinetic (PK) liabilities. Here we report a novel series of 1H-pyrazolo-5-yl-2-phenylacetamides in an effort to improve upon the PK properties. This series of compounds display nanomolar potency as GIRK1/2 activators with improved brain distribution (rodent Kp > 0.6).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua M. Wieting
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Anish K. Vadukoot
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Swagat Sharma
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Kristopher K. Abney
- Department
of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee 37208, United States
| | - Thomas M. Bridges
- Vanderbilt
Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - J. Scott Daniels
- Sano Informed Prescribing, Franklin, Tennessee 37067, United States
| | - Ryan D. Morrison
- Sano Informed Prescribing, Franklin, Tennessee 37067, United States
| | - Kevin Wickman
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - C. David Weaver
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Corey R. Hopkins
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
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39
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Corey R. Hopkins
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-6125, United States
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40
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Swale DR, Engers DW, Bollinger SR, Gross A, Inocente EA, Days E, Kanga F, Johnson RM, Yang L, Bloomquist JR, Hopkins CR, Piermarini PM, Denton JS. An insecticide resistance-breaking mosquitocide targeting inward rectifier potassium channels in vectors of Zika virus and malaria. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36954. [PMID: 27849039 PMCID: PMC5111108 DOI: 10.1038/srep36954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Insecticide resistance is a growing threat to mosquito control programs around the world, thus creating the need to discover novel target sites and target-specific compounds for insecticide development. Emerging evidence suggests that mosquito inward rectifier potassium (Kir) channels represent viable molecular targets for developing insecticides with new mechanisms of action. Here we describe the discovery and characterization of VU041, a submicromolar-affinity inhibitor of Anopheles (An.) gambiae and Aedes (Ae.) aegypti Kir1 channels that incapacitates adult female mosquitoes from representative insecticide-susceptible and -resistant strains of An. gambiae (G3 and Akron, respectively) and Ae. aegypti (Liverpool and Puerto Rico, respectively) following topical application. VU041 is selective for mosquito Kir channels over several mammalian orthologs, with the exception of Kir2.1, and is not lethal to honey bees. Medicinal chemistry was used to develop an analog, termed VU730, which retains activity toward mosquito Kir1 but is not active against Kir2.1 or other mammalian Kir channels. Thus, VU041 and VU730 are promising chemical scaffolds for developing new classes of insecticides to combat insecticide-resistant mosquitoes and the transmission of mosquito-borne diseases, such as Zika virus, without harmful effects on humans and beneficial insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Swale
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Darren W Engers
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sean R Bollinger
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Aaron Gross
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Edna Alfaro Inocente
- Department of Entomology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
| | - Emily Days
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Fariba Kanga
- Department of Entomology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
| | - Reed M Johnson
- Department of Entomology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Entomology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Bloomquist
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Peter M Piermarini
- Department of Entomology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
| | - Jerod S Denton
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Institute for Global Health, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
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41
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Jeffries DE, Witt JO, McCollum AL, Temple KJ, Hurtado MA, Harp JM, Blobaum AL, Lindsley CW, Hopkins CR. Discovery, characterization and biological evaluation of a novel (R)-4,4-difluoropiperidine scaffold as dopamine receptor 4 (D 4R) antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:5757-5764. [PMID: 28327307 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis and structure-activity relationship of a novel series of (R)-4,4-difluoropiperidine core scaffold as dopamine receptor 4 (D4) antagonists. A series of compounds from this scaffold are highly potent against the D4 receptor and selective against the other dopamine receptors. In addition, we were able to confirm the active isomer as the (R)-enantiomer via an X-ray crystal structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E Jeffries
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Jonathan O Witt
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Andrea L McCollum
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Kayla J Temple
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Miguel A Hurtado
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Joel M Harp
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Anna L Blobaum
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 58198, United States.
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42
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Engers DW, Blobaum AL, Gogliotti RD, Cheung YY, Salovich JM, Garcia-Barrantes PM, Daniels JS, Morrison R, Jones CK, Soars MG, Zhuo X, Hurley J, Macor JE, Bronson JJ, Conn PJ, Lindsley CW, Niswender CM, Hopkins CR. Discovery, Synthesis, and Preclinical Characterization of N-(3-Chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridin-3-amine (VU0418506), a Novel Positive Allosteric Modulator of the Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 4 (mGlu4). ACS Chem Neurosci 2016; 7:1192-200. [PMID: 27075300 PMCID: PMC5031509 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 (mGlu4) in preclinical rodent models of Parkinson's disease has been established by a number of groups. Here, we report an advanced preclinically characterized mGlu4 PAM, N-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridin-3-amine (VU0418506). We detail the discovery of VU0418506 starting from a common picolinamide core scaffold and evaluation of a number of amide bioisosteres leading to the novel pyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridine head group. VU0418506 has been characterized as a potent and selective mGlu4 PAM with suitable in vivo pharmacokinetic properties in three preclinical safety species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren W. Engers
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Anna L. Blobaum
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Rocco D. Gogliotti
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Yiu-Yin Cheung
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - James M. Salovich
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Pedro M. Garcia-Barrantes
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - J. Scott Daniels
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Ryan Morrison
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Carrie K. Jones
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Matthew G. Soars
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Research and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492, United States
| | - Xiaoliang Zhuo
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Research and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492, United States
| | - Jeremy Hurley
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Research and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492, United States
| | - John E. Macor
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Research and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492, United States
| | - Joanne J. Bronson
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Research and Development, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492, United States
| | - P. Jeffrey Conn
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Craig W. Lindsley
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Colleen M. Niswender
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Corey R. Hopkins
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
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Niswender CM, Jones CK, Lin X, Bubser M, Gray AT, Blobaum AL, Engers DW, Rodriguez AL, Loch MT, Daniels JS, Lindsley CW, Hopkins CR, Javitch JA, Conn PJ. Development and Antiparkinsonian Activity of VU0418506, a Selective Positive Allosteric Modulator of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 4 Homomers without Activity at mGlu2/4 Heteromers. ACS Chem Neurosci 2016; 7:1201-11. [PMID: 27441572 PMCID: PMC5073817 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 (mGlu4) is emerging as a potential therapeutic target for numerous central nervous system indications, including Parkinson's disease (PD). As the glutamate binding sites among the eight mGlu receptors are highly conserved, modulation of receptor activity via allosteric sites within the receptor transmembrane domains using positive and negative allosteric modulators (PAMs and NAMs, respectively) has become a common strategy. We and others have used PAMs targeting mGlu4 to show that potentiation of receptor signaling induces antiparkinsonian activity in a variety of PD animal models, including haloperidol-induced catalepsy and 6-hydroxydopamine-induced lesion. Recently, mGlu4 has been reported to form heteromeric complexes with other mGlu receptor subtypes, such as mGlu2, and the resulting heteromer exhibits a distinct pharmacological profile in response to allosteric modulators. For example, some mGlu4 PAMs do not appear to potentiate glutamate activity when mGlu2 and mGlu4 are coexpressed, whereas other compounds potentiate mGlu4 responses regardless of mGlu2 coexpression. We report here the discovery and characterization of VU0418506, a novel mGlu4 PAM with activity in rodent PD models. Using pharmacological approaches and Complemented Donor-Acceptor resonance energy transfer (CODA-RET) technology, we find that VU0418506 does not potentiate agonist-induced activity when mGlu2 and mGlu4 are heterodimerized, suggesting that the antiparkinsonian action of mGlu4 PAMs can be induced by compounds without activity at mGlu2/4 heteromers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen M. Niswender
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Carrie K. Jones
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Xin Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032, United States
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Michael Bubser
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Analisa Thompson Gray
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Anna L. Blobaum
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Darren W. Engers
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Alice L. Rodriguez
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Matthew T. Loch
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - J. Scott Daniels
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Craig W. Lindsley
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Corey R. Hopkins
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Jonathan A Javitch
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032, United States
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - P. Jeffrey Conn
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
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Sebastianutto I, Maslava N, Hopkins CR, Cenci MA. Validation of an improved scale for rating l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in the mouse and effects of specific dopamine receptor antagonists. Neurobiol Dis 2016; 96:156-170. [PMID: 27597526 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rodent models of l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) are essential to investigate pathophysiological mechanisms and treatment options. Ratings of abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs) are used to capture both qualitative and quantitative features of dyskinetic behaviors. Thus far, validated rating scales for the mouse have anchored the definition of severity to the time during which AIMs are present. Here we have asked whether the severity of axial, limb, and orolingual AIMs can be objectively assessed with scores based on movement amplitude. Mice sustained 6-OHDA lesions in the medial forebrain bundle and were treated with l-DOPA (3-6mg/kg/day) until they developed stable AIMs scores. Two independent investigators rated AIM severity using both the validated time-based scale and a novel amplitude scale, evaluating the degree of deviation of dyskinetic body parts relative to their resting position. The amplitude scale yielded a high degree of consistency both within- and between raters. Thus, time-based scores, amplitude scores, and a combination of the two ('global AIM scores') were applied to compare antidyskinetic effects produced by amantadine and by the following subtype-specific DA receptor antagonists: SCH23390 (D1/D5), Raclopride (D2/D3), PG01037 (D3), L-745,870 (D4), and VU6004461 (D4). SCH23390 and Raclopride produced similarly robust reductions in both time-based scores and amplitude scores, while PG01037 and L-745,870 had more partial effects. Interestingly, a novel and highly brain penetrable D4 receptor antagonist (VU6004461) markedly attenuated both time-based and amplitude scores without diminishing the general motor stimulant effect of l-DOPA. In summary, our results show that a dyskinesia scale combining a time dimension with an amplitude dimension ('global AIMs') is more sensitive than unidimensional scales. Moreover, the antidyskinetic effects produced by two chemically distinct D4 antagonists identify the D4 receptor as a potential future target for the treatment of LID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Sebastianutto
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Dept. Exp. Medical Science, Lund University, BMC, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Natallia Maslava
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Dept. Exp. Medical Science, Lund University, BMC, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, USA
| | - M Angela Cenci
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Dept. Exp. Medical Science, Lund University, BMC, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION The bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) is a critical signaling pathway and plays a diverse role in embryonic pattern formation and is implicated in a variety of disease processes, including anemia, bone formation, atherosclerosis, skin diseases, and cancers, among others. Areas covered: This review covers small molecule inhibitors/antagonists of BMP in patent applications between 2008 - 2015, along with brief synopses of the disclosed inhibitors in the primary literature. Expert opinion: The development of potent and selective BMP inhibitors is ongoing with most of the work centered around improving the selectivity and pharmacokinetic profile. Early work was for the treatment of the rare and neglected disease, fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP). Recently, however, there has been increased interest in their use in a number of other diseases such as cancer, atherosclerosis, and anemia of chronic disease, to name a few. Although the primary participants in the early work were from academic laboratories, recently a significant surge from the pharmaceutical industry has elevated the interest in the development of BMP inhibitors for a wide-range of therapeutic indications. Due to this, expect a number of new approaches such as repurposing of other kinase inhibitors to be brought into clinical trials in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey R Hopkins
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
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Swale DR, Kurata H, Kharade SV, Sheehan J, Raphemot R, Voigtritter KR, Figueroa EE, Meiler J, Blobaum AL, Lindsley CW, Hopkins CR, Denton JS. ML418: The First Selective, Sub-Micromolar Pore Blocker of Kir7.1 Potassium Channels. ACS Chem Neurosci 2016; 7:1013-23. [PMID: 27184474 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The inward rectifier potassium (Kir) channel Kir7.1 (KCNJ13) has recently emerged as a key regulator of melanocortin signaling in the brain, electrolyte homeostasis in the eye, and uterine muscle contractility during pregnancy. The pharmacological tools available for exploring the physiology and therapeutic potential of Kir7.1 have been limited to relatively weak and nonselective small-molecule inhibitors. Here, we report the discovery in a fluorescence-based high-throughput screen of a novel Kir7.1 channel inhibitor, VU714. Site-directed mutagenesis of pore-lining amino acid residues identified glutamate 149 and alanine 150 as essential determinants of VU714 activity. Lead optimization with medicinal chemistry generated ML418, which exhibits sub-micromolar activity (IC50 = 310 nM) and superior selectivity over other Kir channels (at least 17-fold selective over Kir1.1, Kir2.1, Kir2.2, Kir2.3, Kir3.1/3.2, and Kir4.1) except for Kir6.2/SUR1 (equally potent). Evaluation in the EuroFins Lead Profiling panel of 64 GPCRs, ion-channels, and transporters for off-target activity of ML418 revealed a relatively clean ancillary pharmacology. While ML418 exhibited low CLHEP in human microsomes which could be modulated with lipophilicity adjustments, it showed high CLHEP in rat microsomes regardless of lipophilicity. A subsequent in vivo PK study of ML418 by intraperitoneal (IP) administration (30 mg/kg dosage) revealed a suitable PK profile (Cmax = 0.20 μM and Tmax = 3 h) and favorable CNS distribution (mouse brain/plasma Kp of 10.9 to support in vivo studies. ML418, which represents the current state-of-the-art in Kir7.1 inhibitors, should be useful for exploring the physiology of Kir7.1 in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jonathan Sheehan
- Department
of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | | | | | | | - Jens Meiler
- Department
of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
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Gogliotti RD, Blobaum AL, Morrison RM, Daniels JS, Salovich JM, Cheung YY, Rodriguez AL, Loch MT, Conn PJ, Lindsley CW, Niswender CM, Hopkins CR. Discovery and characterization of a novel series of N-phenylsulfonyl-1H-pyrrole picolinamides as positive allosteric modulators of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 (mGlu4). Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:2984-2987. [PMID: 27234146 PMCID: PMC4955388 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report the synthesis and characterization of a novel series of N-phenylsulfonyl-1H-pyrrole picolinamides as novel positive allosteric modulators of mGlu4. We detail our work towards finding phenyl replacements for the core scaffold of previously reported phenyl sulfonamides and phenyl sulfone compounds. Our efforts culminated in the identification of N-(1-((3,4-dimethylphenyl)sulfonyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)picolinamide as a potent PAM of mGlu4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocco D Gogliotti
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Anna L Blobaum
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Ryan M Morrison
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - J Scott Daniels
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - James M Salovich
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Yiu-Yin Cheung
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Alice L Rodriguez
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Matthew T Loch
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - P Jeffrey Conn
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Colleen M Niswender
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States.
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Gogliotti RD, Engers DW, Garcia-Barrantes PM, Panarese JD, Gentry PR, Blobaum AL, Morrison RD, Daniels JS, Thompson AD, Jones CK, Conn PJ, Niswender CM, Lindsley CW, Hopkins CR. Discovery of 3-aminopicolinamides as metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 4 (mGlu4) positive allosteric modulator warheads engendering CNS exposure and in vivo efficacy. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:2915-2919. [PMID: 27131990 PMCID: PMC4899947 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This letter describes the further chemical optimization of the picolinamide-derived family of mGlu4 PAMs wherein we identified a 3-amino substituent to the picolinamide warhead that engendered potency, CNS penetration and in vivo efficacy. From this optimization campaign, VU0477886 emerged as a potent (EC50=95nM, 89% Glu Max) mGlu4 PAM with an attractive DMPK profile (brain:plasma Kp=1.3), rat CLp=4.0mL/min/kg, t1/2=3.7h) and robust efficacy in our standard preclinical Parkinson's disease model, haloperidol-induced catalepsy (HIC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocco D Gogliotti
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Darren W Engers
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Pedro M Garcia-Barrantes
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Joseph D Panarese
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Patrick R Gentry
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Anna L Blobaum
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Ryan D Morrison
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - J Scott Daniels
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Analisa D Thompson
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Carrie K Jones
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - P Jeffrey Conn
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Colleen M Niswender
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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Lindsley CW, Emmitte KA, Hopkins CR, Bridges TM, Gregory KJ, Niswender CM, Conn PJ. Practical Strategies and Concepts in GPCR Allosteric Modulator Discovery: Recent Advances with Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors. Chem Rev 2016; 116:6707-41. [PMID: 26882314 PMCID: PMC4988345 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Allosteric modulation of GPCRs has initiated a new era of basic and translational discovery, filled with therapeutic promise yet fraught with caveats. Allosteric ligands stabilize unique conformations of the GPCR that afford fundamentally new receptors, capable of novel pharmacology, unprecedented subtype selectivity, and unique signal bias. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the basics of GPCR allosteric pharmacology, medicinal chemistry, drug metabolism, and validated approaches to address each of the major challenges and caveats. Then, the review narrows focus to highlight recent advances in the discovery of allosteric ligands for metabotropic glutamate receptor subtypes 1-5 and 7 (mGlu1-5,7) highlighting key concepts ("molecular switches", signal bias, heterodimers) and practical solutions to enable the development of tool compounds and clinical candidates. The review closes with a section on late-breaking new advances with allosteric ligands for other GPCRs and emerging data for endogenous allosteric modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig W. Lindsley
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Kyle A. Emmitte
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Boulevard, Fort Worth, Texas 76107, United States
| | - Corey R. Hopkins
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Thomas M. Bridges
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Karen J. Gregory
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Colleen M. Niswender
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - P. Jeffrey Conn
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
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Wood MR, Noetzel MJ, Engers JL, Bollinger KA, Melancon BJ, Tarr JC, Han C, West M, Gregro AR, Lamsal A, Chang S, Ajmera S, Smith E, Chase P, Hodder PS, Bubser M, Jones CK, Hopkins CR, Emmitte KA, Niswender CM, Wood MW, Duggan ME, Conn PJ, Bridges TM, Lindsley CW. Discovery and optimization of a novel series of highly CNS penetrant M4 PAMs based on a 5,6-dimethyl-4-(piperidin-1-yl)thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine core. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:3029-3033. [PMID: 27185330 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This Letter describes the chemical optimization of a novel series of M4 positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) based on a 5,6-dimethyl-4-(piperidin-1-yl)thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine core, identified from an MLPCN functional high-throughput screen. The HTS hit was potent and selective, but not CNS penetrant. Potency was maintained, while CNS penetration was improved (rat brain:plasma Kp=0.74), within the original core after several rounds of optimization; however, the thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine core was subject to extensive oxidative metabolism. Ultimately, we identified a 6-fluoroquinazoline core replacement that afforded good M4 PAM potency, muscarinic receptor subtype selectivity and CNS penetration (rat brain:plasma Kp>10). Moreover, this campaign provided fundamentally distinct M4 PAM chemotypes, greatly expanding the available structural diversity for this exciting CNS target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Wood
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Meredith J Noetzel
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Julie L Engers
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Katrina A Bollinger
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Bruce J Melancon
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - James C Tarr
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Changho Han
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Mary West
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Alison R Gregro
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Atin Lamsal
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sichen Chang
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sonia Ajmera
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Emery Smith
- The Scripps Research Institutes Molecular Screening Center, Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Peter Chase
- The Scripps Research Institutes Molecular Screening Center, Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | | | - Michael Bubser
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Carrie K Jones
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Corey R Hopkins
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Kyle A Emmitte
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Colleen M Niswender
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Michael W Wood
- Neuroscience Innovative Medicines, Astra Zeneca, 141 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Mark E Duggan
- Neuroscience Innovative Medicines, Astra Zeneca, 141 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - P Jeffrey Conn
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Thomas M Bridges
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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