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Chi K, Yang S, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Zhao J, Chen Q, Ge Y, Liu J. Exploring the mechanism of Tingli Pill in the treatment of HFpEF based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37727. [PMID: 38640300 PMCID: PMC11029988 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
To explore the mechanism of action of Tingli Pill (TLP) in the treatment of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) by using network pharmacology and molecular docking technology. The active components and targets of TLP were screened using the TCMSP and UniProt databases. HFpEF-related targets were identified using the OMIM and GeneCards databases. Drug-disease intersection targets were obtained via Venny 2.1.0, as well as establishing the "component-target" network and screening out the core active components. Construct a protein-protein interaction network of intersecting targets using the STRING database as well as Cytoscape software and filter the core targets. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis of core targets were performed using the Metascape database. The core active components of TLP for HFpEF were quercetin, kaempferol, β-sitosterol, isorhamnetin and hederagenin. The core targets of TLP for HFpEF were JUN, MAPK1, TP53, AKT1, RELA, TNF, MAPK14, and IL16. Gene ontology enrichment analysis obtained 1528 biological processes, 85 cell components, and 140 molecular functions. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis yielded 1940 signaling pathways, mainly involved in lipid and atherosclerosis, regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, oxidative stress, TNF signaling pathway, and IL-17 signaling pathway. TLP has the characteristics of multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway in the treatment of HFpEF. This study lays the foundation for revealing the pharmacodynamic substances and mechanism of TLP in the treatment of HFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Chi
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Saisai Yang
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yongfa Zhao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiahe Zhao
- Medical Comprehensive Experimental Center, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Qiuhan Chen
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yuan Ge
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
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Luo X, Shi Y, Ma Y, Liu Y, Jing P, Cao X, Wang J, Hu Z, Cai H. Exploring the mechanism of ShenGui capsule in treating heart failure based on network pharmacology and molecular docking: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37512. [PMID: 38579077 PMCID: PMC10994518 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
ShenGui capsule (SGC), as a herbal compound, has significant effects on the treatment of heart failure (HF), but its mechanism of action is unclear. In this study, we aimed to explore the potential pharmacological targets and mechanisms of SGC in the treatment of HF using network pharmacology and molecular docking approaches. Potential active ingredients of SGC were obtained from the traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform database and screened by pharmacokinetic parameters. Target genes of HF were identified by comparing the toxicogenomics database, GeneCards, and DisGeNET databases. Protein interaction networks and gene-disorder-target networks were constructed using Cytoscape for visual analysis. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes were also performed to identify protein functional annotations and potential target signaling pathways through the DAVID database. CB-DOCK was used for molecular docking to explore the role of IL-1β with SGC compounds. Sixteen active ingredients in SGC were screened from the traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform, of which 36 target genes intersected with HF target genes. Protein-protein interactions suggested that each target gene was closely related, and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) was identified as Hub gene. The network pharmacology analysis suggested that these active ingredients were well correlated with HF. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis suggested that target genes were highly enriched in pathways such as inflammation. Molecular docking results showed that IL-1β binds tightly to SGC active components. This experiment provides an important research basis for the mechanism of action of SGC in the treatment of HF. In this study, the active compounds of SGC were found to bind IL-1β for the treatment of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Luo
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yunke Shi
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yiming Ma
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yixi Liu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Pan Jing
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xingyu Cao
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhao Hu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Hongyan Cai
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Fan Y, Shen J, Liu X, Cui J, Liu J, Peng D, Jin Y. β-Sitosterol Suppresses Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation and Lipogenesis Disorder in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14644. [PMID: 37834091 PMCID: PMC10572156 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
β-sitosterol, a natural plant steroid, has been shown to promote anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities in the body. In this study, β-sitosterol was used to protect against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cell damage in bovine mammary epithelial cells, which are commonly studied as a cell model of mammary inflammatory response and lipogenesis. Results showed that treatment with a combination of LPS and β-sitosterol significantly reduced oxidative stress and inflammation, while increasing the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins and activating the hypoxia-inducible factor-1(HIF-1α)/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR) signaling pathway to inhibit apoptosis and improve lipid synthesis-related gene expression. Our finding suggests that β-sitosterol has the potential to alleviate inflammation in the mammary gland.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Dongqiao Peng
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Feed and Feeding in Northeastern Frigid Area, Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (Y.F.); (J.S.); (X.L.); (J.C.); (J.L.)
| | - Yongcheng Jin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Feed and Feeding in Northeastern Frigid Area, Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (Y.F.); (J.S.); (X.L.); (J.C.); (J.L.)
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Huang W, Huang X, Yang L, Han W, Zhu Z, Wang Y, Chen R. Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Analysis Exploring the Mechanism of Tripterygium wilfordii in the Treatment of Oral Lichen Planus. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1448. [PMID: 37629739 PMCID: PMC10456824 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59081448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is an infrequent autoimmune disease of the oral mucosa, which affects up to 2% of the world population. An investigation of Tripterygium wilfordii's mechanism of action for treating OLP was conducted, and a theoretical basis was provided for improving current treatment regimens. Materials and Methods: We used a network pharmacological approach to gain insight into the molecular mechanism of Tripterygium wilfordii in the treatment of OLP. Then, potential protein targets between Tripterygium wilfordii and OLP were analyzed through a drug-target network. This was followed by KEGG enrichment analysis and Gene Ontology (GO) classification. Finally, for molecular docking, AutoDock Vina was used. Results: A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by analyzing the common targets of a total of 51 wilfordii-OLP interactions from different databases. The GO and KEGG enrichment analyses showed that the treatment of OLP with Tripterygium wilfordii mainly involves lipopolysaccharide response, bacterial molecular response, positive regulation of cytokine production, and leukocyte proliferation, and the signaling pathways mainly include the AGE-RAGE, NF-κB, Toll-like receptor, IL-17, HIF-1, and TNF signaling pathways. The molecular docking results showed that β-sitosterol, kaempferol, hederagenin, and triptolide have a higher affinity for AKT1, TNF, CASP3, and PTGS2, respectively. Based on the CytoNCA analysis of common targets, 19 key targets, including AKT1, TNF, VEGFA, STAT3, CXCL8, PTGS2, TP53, and CASP3, and their connections were identified. Conclusions: Preliminarily, this study reveals that Tripterygium wilfordii interferes with OLP by interacting with multiple targets through multiple accesses, as validated by molecular docking.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yuanyin Wang
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, No. 81, Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei 230032, China; (W.H.); (X.H.); (L.Y.); (W.H.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Ran Chen
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, No. 81, Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei 230032, China; (W.H.); (X.H.); (L.Y.); (W.H.); (Z.Z.)
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Abo-Zaid OA, Moawed FS, Ismail ES, Ahmed ESA. β-Sitosterol mitigates hepatocyte apoptosis by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress in thioacetamide-induced hepatic injury in γ-irradiated rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 172:113602. [PMID: 36610474 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) controls many biological functions besides maintaining the function of liver cells. Various studies reported the role of the ER stress and UPR signaling pathway in various liver diseases via triggering hepatocytes apoptosis. This study aims to investigate the suppressive effect of β-sitosterol (βS) on apoptosis associated with liver injury and ER stress. METHODS Liver damage in rats was induced by TAA (150 mg/kg I.P twice a week/3 weeks) and γ-irradiation (single dose 3.5 Gy) and treated with βS (20 mg/kg daily for 30 days). Serum aminotransferase activity, lipid profile and lipid metabolic factors were measured beside liver oxidative stress and inflammatory markers. Moreover, the hepatic expression of ER stress markers (inositol-requiring enzyme 1 alpha (IRE1α), X-box-binding protein 1 (XBP1) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) and apoptotic markers were detected together with histopathological examination. RESULTS βS diminished the aminotransferase activity, the oxidative stress markers as well as the inflammatory mediators. Furthermore, βS lowered the circulating TG and TC and the hepatic lipotoxicity via the suppression of lipogenesis (Srebp-1c) and improved the β-oxidation (Pparα and Cpt1a) together with the mitochondrial biogenesis (Pgc-1 α). Moreover, the upregulated levels of ER stress markers were reduced upon treatment with βS, which consequently attenuated hepatic apoptosis. CONCLUSION βS relieves hepatic injury, ameliorates mitochondrial biogenesis, and reduces lipotoxicity and apoptosis via inhibition of CHOP and ER stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omayma Ar Abo-Zaid
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Vet. Med. Benha University, Egypt.
| | - Fatma Sm Moawed
- Health Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Effat Soliman Ismail
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Vet. Med. Benha University, Egypt.
| | - Esraa S A Ahmed
- Radiation Biology Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
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Yu W, Sun S, Zhang K, Li H, Xin M, Liu Y, Yan J. Fructus ligustri lucidi suppresses inflammation and restores the microbiome profile in murine colitis models. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 106:154438. [PMID: 36108373 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis (UC) is pathologically characterized by an inappropriate immune response to the gut commensal microbes accompanied by persistent epithelial barrier dysfunction, and its progression increases the susceptibility to colitis-associated cancer (CAC), as well as other complications. Fructus ligustri lucidi (FLL) has a long historical application in traditional Chinese medicine due to its various pharmacological effects, including antioxidation and anti-inflammation. The present study aimed to explore the molecular and cellular mechanisms of FLL in treating colitis. METHODS A high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) combined with ultraviolet (UV) was performed to validate the quality of FLL; Network pharmacology analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database predicted the therapeutic value of FLL against UC and CAC; 2% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) was administered to mice to establish murine models of experimental colitis, and FLL was given for the next 14 days at different concentrations; 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics were performed on fecal samples to delineate the alteration in microbiome profile; Western blotting, flow cytometry, and immunocytochemistry experiments were conducted to confirm the predicted cellular mechanisms. RESULTS Network pharmacology analysis and WGCNA predicted that the targets of the FLL were associated with the progression of UC and the survival of patients with colorectal cancer by regulating tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and IL-17 signaling pathways, immune cell functions, responses to bacterial and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and cell proliferation. In vivo experiments corroborated that the high dose of FLL significantly attenuated the progression of experimental colitis by reversing the weight loss and bloody stool, reconstructing the integrity of colorectal epithelium, and suppressing the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, FLL treatment reduced the transition of macrophages (Mφs) to the proinflammatory phenotype and promoted Mφs-regulated wound healing, and suppressed the production of ROS in intestinal organoids (IOs) and crypts. 16S rRNA and untargeted metabolomics showed that the administration of FLL inhibited DSS-caused colonization of the potentially pathogenic gut microorganisms and reversed DSS-influenced metabolic profile. CONCLUSION FLL is a potent anti-colitis drug by suppressing inflammation and rescuing dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yu
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Shihong Sun
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Keer Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Huiying Li
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Mengjiao Xin
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Yanzhi Liu
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Yan
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China.
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Mechanisms of Xiaochaihu Decoction on Treating Hepatic Fibrosis Explored by Network Pharmacology. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:8925637. [PMID: 36246566 PMCID: PMC9553551 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8925637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose. To explore the material basis and pharmacological mechanism of Xiaochaihu Decoction (XCHD), the classic Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula in inhibiting hepatic fibrosis (HF). Methods. The main components in XCHD were screened from the TCMSP database, ETCM database, and literature, and their potential targets were detected and predicted using the Swiss Target Prediction platform. The HF-related targets were retrieved and screened through GeneCard database and OMIM database, combined with GEO gene chips. The XCHD targets and HF targets were mapped to search common targets. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was acquired via the STRING11.0 database and analyzed visually using Cytoscape 3.8.0 software. The potential mechanisms of the common targets identified through GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were analyzed by using Metascape database. The results were visualized through OmicShare Tools. The “XCHD compound-HF target” network was visually constructed by Cytoscape 3.8.0 software. AutoDockVina1.1.2 and PyMoL software were used to verify the molecular docking of XCHD main active compounds and HF key targets. Results. A total of 164 potential active compounds from XCHD were screened to act on 95 HF-related targets. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that quercetin, β-sitosterol, and kaempferol may be candidate agents, which acted on multiple targets like PTGS2, HSP90AA1, and PTGS1 and regulate multiple key biological pathways like IL-17 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway to relieve HF. Moreover, molecular docking suggested that quercetin and PTGS2 could statically bind and interact with each other through amino acid residues val-349, LEU-352, PHE-381, etc. Conclusion. This work provides a systems perspective to study the relationship between Chinese medicines and diseases. The therapeutic efficacy of XCHD on HF was the sum of multitarget and multi-approach effects from the bioactive ingredients. This study could be one of the cornerstones for further research.
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Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Analysis Explores the Mechanisms of Cordyceps sinensis in the Treatment of Oral Lichen Planus. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:3156785. [PMID: 36072973 PMCID: PMC9444403 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3156785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Objective Oral lichen planus (OLP) is the most common potentially malignant disorder of the oral cavity. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of action of Cordyceps sinensis in the treatment of OLP and provides a theoretical support for improving current treatment regimens for OLP. Methods The active components and therapeutic targets of Cordyceps sinensis were predicted and screened using the TCMSP, SymMap, PubMed, HIT 2.0, and PharmMapper databases, while the relevant OLP targets were predicted and screened using the DisGeNET and GeneCards databases. Protein-protein interactions (PPI) were examined using the String database, and Cytoscape was used to combine and illustrate the findings. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were carried out using RStudio, and AutoDock Vina and Pymol were used for molecular docking and visualization, respectively. Results A total of 404 potential target genes were discovered after evaluating 21 active compounds from Cordyceps sinensis. Potential therapeutic targets included 67 targets that matched and overlapped with OLP, including TNF, IL-6, CD4, EGFR, and IL1B. Key targets were predominantly engaged in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and the MAPK signaling pathway, according to the GO and KEGG analyses. These targets have a connection to biological processes including apoptosis signaling pathway regulation, T cell activation, and oxidative stress response. The molecular docking results showed that TNF, IL-6, CD4, EGFR, and IL1B could bind to their corresponding active components. Conclusions Cordyceps sinensis contains multiple components and acts on multiple targets and multiple pathways. Particularly, Cordyceps sinensis targets TNF, IL-6, CD4, EGFR, and IL1B, regulates PI3K-Akt and MAPK signaling pathways, as well as takes part in biological processes including apoptosis, T cell activation, and oxidative stress. Cordyceps sinensis could be a crucial choice in the therapy of OLP.
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Mahmod AI, Haif SK, Kamal A, Al-Ataby IA, Talib WH. Chemoprevention effect of the Mediterranean diet on colorectal cancer: Current studies and future prospects. Front Nutr 2022; 9:924192. [PMID: 35990343 PMCID: PMC9386380 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.924192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second most deadly cancer worldwide. Nevertheless, more than 70% of CRC cases are resulted from sporadic tumorigenesis and are not inherited. Since adenoma-carcinoma development is a slow process and may take up to 20 years, diet-based chemoprevention could be an effective approach in sporadic CRC. The Mediterranean diet is an example of a healthy diet pattern that consists of a combination of nutraceuticals that prevent several chronic diseases and cancer. Many epidemiological studies have shown the correlation between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and low incidence of CRC. The goal of this review is to shed the light on the anti-inflammatory and anti-colorectal cancer potentials of the natural bioactive compounds derived from the main foods in the Mediterranean diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Ismail Mahmod
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Shatha Khaled Haif
- Department of Pharmacy, Princess Sarvath Community College, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ayah Kamal
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Israa A Al-Ataby
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Wamidh H Talib
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
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Khan Z, Nath N, Rauf A, Emran TB, Mitra S, Islam F, Chandran D, Barua J, Khandaker MU, Idris AM, Wilairatana P, Thiruvengadam M. Multifunctional roles and pharmacological potential of β-sitosterol: Emerging evidence toward clinical applications. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 365:110117. [PMID: 35995256 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Currently, available therapeutic medications are both costly as well as not entirely promising in terms of potency. So, new candidates from natural resources are of research interest to find new alternative therapeutics. A well-known combination is a β-sitosterol, a plant-derived nutrient with anticancer properties against breast, prostate, colon, lung, stomach, and leukemia. Studies have shown that β-sitosterol interferes with multiple cell signaling pathways, including cell cycle, apoptosis, proliferation, survival, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, cardioprotective, and antidiabetic effects have been discovered during pharmacological screening without significant toxicity. The pharmacokinetic profile of β-sitosterol has also been extensively investigated. However, a comprehensive review of the pharmacology, phytochemistry and analytical methods of β-sitosterol is desired. Because β-sitosterol is a significant component of most plant materials, humans use it for various reasons, and numerous β-sitosterol-containing products have been commercialized. To offset the low efficacy of β-sitosterol, designing β-sitosterol delivery for "cancer cell-specific" therapy holds great potential. Delivery of β-sitosterol via liposomes is a demonstration that has shown great promise. But further research has not progressed on the drug delivery of β-sitosterol or how it can enhance β-sitosterol mediated anti-inflammatory activity, thus making β-sitosterol an orphan nutraceutical. Therefore, extensive research on β-sitosterol as an anticancer nutraceutical is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zidan Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Nikhil Nath
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar, 23430, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, 4381, Bangladesh; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh.
| | - Saikat Mitra
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Fahadul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Deepak Chandran
- Department of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Amrita School of Agricultural Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 642109, India
| | - Jackie Barua
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, 410 East Saint Mary Boulevard, Lafayette, LA, 70503, USA
| | - Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
- Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia; Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Polrat Wilairatana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Muthu Thiruvengadam
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea; Department of Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 600077, India.
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Xie T, Liu W, Chen Y, Zhou Y. An evaluation of graded levels of beta-sitosterol supplementation on growth performance, antioxidant status, and intestinal permeability-related parameters and morphology in broiler chickens at an early age. Poult Sci 2022; 101:102108. [PMID: 36099659 PMCID: PMC9472065 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to examine the effects of different levels of beta-sitosterol (BS) supplementation on growth performance, serum biochemical indices, redox status, and intestinal permeability-related parameters and morphology of young broilers. Two hundred and forty male Arbor Acres broiler chicks were allocated into 5 groups of 6 replicates with 8 birds each, and fed a basal diet supplemented with 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg/kg BS for 21-d, respectively. The BS quadratically decreased feed conversion ratio during 1 to 14 d and 1 to 21 d, with its effect being more prominent at 25 or 50 mg/kg (P < 0.05). The BS linearly and quadratically reduced 14-d plasma diamine oxidase activity and D-lactate level, and this effect was more pronounced when its supplemental level was 25 or 50 mg/kg (P < 0.05). The BS linearly increased duodenal villus height (VH) and quadratically increased jejunal VH and ratio of VH and crypt depth (CD) at 14 d, and these effects in 25 mg/kg group were more remarkable (P < 0.05). Similarly, BS linearly or quadratically increased VH and ratio of VH and CD, but decreased CD in the jejunum and ileum at 21 d, with these effects being more pronounced at 50 mg/kg (P < 0.05). The BS supplementation especially at 50 or 75 mg/kg linearly or quadratically reduced 14-d serum and 21-d hepatic malondialdehyde concentration, and increased serum glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities at 14 and 21 d (P < 0.05). Moreover, the BS administration linearly and/or quadratically increased glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase activities and glutathione level, and reduced malondialdehyde accumulation in the intestinal mucosa at 14 and/or 21 d, and these consequences were more significant in 50 to 100 mg/kg BS-supplemented groups (P < 0.05). The results demonstrated that BS administration could improve growth performance, intestinal barrier function, and antioxidant status of broilers at an early age, with these effects being more pronounced at a level of 50 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueping Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanmin Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
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Han H, Wang L, Xue T, Li J, Pei L, Zheng M. Plant sterol ester of α-linolenic acid improves NAFLD through modulating gut microbiota and attenuating lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation via regulating TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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13
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Moreira BO, Vilar VLS, de Almeida RNS, Morbeck LLB, Andrade BS, Barros RGM, Neves BM, de Carvalho AL, Cruz MP, Yatsuda R, David JM. New dimer and trimer of chalcone derivatives from anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive extracts of Schinopsis brasiliensis roots. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 289:115089. [PMID: 35143935 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY RELEVANCE Schinopsis brasiliensis Engl. is an endemic tree of the Brazilian semi-arid regions belonging to the Anacardiaceae family. It is the main representative of the genus Schinopsis, mostly native to Brazil and popularly known as "braúna" or "baraúna". Different parts of this plant are employed in Brazilian folk medicines to treat inflammation in general, sexual impotence, cough, and influenza. AIM OF THE STUDY This work describes the antinociceptive (acetic acid-induced writhing and formalin-induced nociception) and anti-inflammatory (paw edema and neutrophil migration) activities of the extract of the root of S. brasiliensis. Besides, the evaluation of total phenolic compounds and antioxidant, antimicrobial (including MRSA bacteria), and acetylcholinesterase inhibition activities were also determined. MATERIAL AND METHODS The pure compounds were isolated by different chromatographic techniques and their chemical structures have been unambiguously elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic methods, including 1D (1H, 13C, DEPT, and NOEdiff) and 2D (HSQC, HMBC, and NOESY) NMR experiments, MS data, and comparison with the literature data of similar compounds. The antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated by acid acetic writhing test, formalin paw edema, and by the investigation of neutrophil migration to the peritoneal cavities of mice. For antimicrobial evaluation were determined MIC and MBC, antioxidant activities were obtained by TPC and DPPH tests, and AChE inhibition by Elmann's methodology. RESULTS The extracts showed antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities and two unusual new compounds, a cyclobutanyl chalcone trimer (schinopsone A) and a cyclohexene-containing chalcone dimer (schinopsone B), with six known compounds were isolated from the active extracts. Additionally, the acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity for isolated compounds was reported for the first time in this study. Molecular docking studies indicated that the isolated compounds are responsible for the interaction with anti-inflammatory targets (COX 1 and 2 and LOX) with variable binding affinities, indicating a possible mechanism of action of these compounds. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate for the first time the correlation between the anti-inflammatory activity different enriched polyphenol-organic soluble fractions of S. brasiliensis, and it contributes to the understanding of the anti-inflammatory potential of S. brasiliensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Oliveira Moreira
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 45029-094, Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Lima Souza Vilar
- Instituto Federal Catarinense - Campus Concórdia, 89703-720, Concórdia, SC, Brazil; Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | | | - Lorena Lôbo Brito Morbeck
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 45029-094, Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brazil
| | - Bruno Silva Andrade
- Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Jequié, 45200-000, BA, Brazil
| | - Rafael Gomes Moreno Barros
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 45029-094, Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brazil
| | - Breno Magalhães Neves
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 45029-094, Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brazil
| | - Anaildes Lago de Carvalho
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, 45083-900, Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brazil
| | - Mariluze Peixoto Cruz
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 45029-094, Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brazil
| | - Regiane Yatsuda
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 45029-094, Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brazil
| | - Jorge Mauricio David
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
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Naringenin affords protection against lipopolysaccharide/D-galactosamine-induced acute liver failure: Role of autophagy. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 717:109121. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Brito RM, Barcia MT, Farias CAA, Zambiazi RC, de Marchi PGF, Fujimori M, Honorio-França AC, França EL, Pertuzatti PB. Bioactive compounds of pequi pulp and oil extracts modulate antioxidant activity and antiproliferative activity in cocultured blood mononuclear cells and breast cancer cells. Food Nutr Res 2022; 66:8282. [PMID: 35173567 PMCID: PMC8809075 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v66.8282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.) is a fruit from Brazilian Cerrado rich in bioactive compounds, such as phytosterols and tocopherols, which can modulate the death of cancer cells. Objective In the present study, the main bioactive compounds of hydrophilic and lipophilic extracts of pequi oil and pulp were identified and were verified if they exert modulatory effects on oxidative stress of mononuclear cells cocultured with MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Study design Identification and quantification of the main compounds and classes of bioactive compounds in pequi pulp and oil, hydrophilic, and lipophilic extracts were performed using spectroscopy and liquid chromatographic methods, while the beneficial effects, such as antioxidant capacity in vitro, were determined using methods based on single electron transfer reaction or hydrogen atom transfer, while for antioxidant and antiproliferative activities ex vivo, 20 healthy volunteers were recruited. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MN) were collected, and cellular viability assay by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide), superoxide anion evaluation, and CuZn-superoxide dismutase determination (CuZn-SOD) in MN cells, MCF-7 cells, and coculture of MN cells and MCF-7 cells in the presence and absence of pequi pulp or oil hydrophilic and lipophilic extracts were performed. Results In the hydrophilic extract, the pequi pulp presented the highest phenolic content, while in the oil lipophilic extract, it had the highest content of carotenoids. The main phytosterol in pequi oil was β-sitosterol (10.22 mg/g), and the main tocopherol was γ-tocopherol (26.24 μg/g sample). The extracts that had highest content of bioactive compounds stimulated blood mononuclear cells and also improved SOD activity. By evaluating the extracts against MCF-7 cells and coculture, they showed cytotoxic activity. Conclusion The results support the anticarcinogenic activity of pequi extracts, in which the pequi pulp hydrophilic extracts presented better immunomodulatory potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Moraes Brito
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia e Parasitologia Básicas e Aplicadas, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Campus Universitário do Araguaia, Barra do Garças, Brazil
| | - Milene Teixeira Barcia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Carla Andressa Almeida Farias
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Rui Carlos Zambiazi
- Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Gelli Feres de Marchi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia e Parasitologia Básicas e Aplicadas, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Campus Universitário do Araguaia, Barra do Garças, Brazil
| | - Mahmi Fujimori
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia e Parasitologia Básicas e Aplicadas, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Campus Universitário do Araguaia, Barra do Garças, Brazil
| | - Adenilda Cristina Honorio-França
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia e Parasitologia Básicas e Aplicadas, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Campus Universitário do Araguaia, Barra do Garças, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Luzia França
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia e Parasitologia Básicas e Aplicadas, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Campus Universitário do Araguaia, Barra do Garças, Brazil
| | - Paula Becker Pertuzatti
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia e Parasitologia Básicas e Aplicadas, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Campus Universitário do Araguaia, Barra do Garças, Brazil
- Paula Becker Pertuzatti, Av. Valdon Varjao 6390, Setor Industrial,78600-000, Barra do Garças, MT, Brazil. Tel: +55 66 34020733.
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Tan YY, Ding Y, Zheng X, Dai GJ, Zhang SM, Yang X, Xu DC, Chen P, Zhang JM, Ma JZ, Li M, Huang SC, Liu Y, Zhang YT, Xing H, Ding K, Ding YJ. Ding's herbal enema treats dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice by regulating the gut microbiota and maintaining the Treg/Th17 cell balance. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1368. [PMID: 34659514 PMCID: PMC8515548 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ding's herbal enema (DHEP) is a traditional Chinese medicinal therapy that has been used to treat ulcerative colitis (UC) in China. The present study determined the molecular mechanism of the effect of DHEP in UC treatment. C57BL/6J mice were treated with 3.5% (w/v) dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) for 7 days to establish an animal model of colitis. The mice were divided into five groups (n=5): Control, vehicle, DHEP, mesalazine and β-sitosterol. After oral administration for 7 days, the body weight, disease activity index, histopathology and inflammatory factors were analyzed. The fractions of CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells and CD4+IL-17A+ T helper (Th) cells were determined by flow cytometry. Gut microbiota composition was analyzed by next-generation sequencing. The results revealed that DHEP and β-sitosterol could significantly alleviate the symptoms of DSS-induced UC. Furthermore, the levels of IL-6, cyclooxygenase-2, TNF-α and p65 were reduced after administration of DHEP. Additionally, the data indicated that DHEP could increase the abundance of seven operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and decrease the abundance of 12 OTUs in the gut microbiota. The content of short-chain fatty acids in the colon remodeled the balance of Treg/Th17 cells in DSS-induced UC in mice. The present study preliminarily defined the mechanism of action of DHEP in UC that may be associated with the regulation of the gut microbiota composition, and maintenance of the balance between Treg and Th17 cells. Furthermore, β-sitosterol exhibited the same effects with DHEP and it could be a possible substitute for DHEP in UC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yan Tan
- Department of National Center of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Integrate Colorectal Oncology Center, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210001, P.R. China
| | - Yang Ding
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Xueping Zheng
- Department of National Center of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Integrate Colorectal Oncology Center, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210001, P.R. China
| | - Gong-Jian Dai
- Department of National Center of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Integrate Colorectal Oncology Center, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210001, P.R. China
| | - Su-Min Zhang
- Department of National Center of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Integrate Colorectal Oncology Center, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210001, P.R. China
| | - Xu Yang
- Department of National Center of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Integrate Colorectal Oncology Center, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210001, P.R. China
| | - Da-Chao Xu
- Department of National Center of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Integrate Colorectal Oncology Center, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210001, P.R. China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Min Zhang
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Ze Ma
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Cai Huang
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Ting Zhang
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Han Xing
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Kang Ding
- Department of National Center of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Integrate Colorectal Oncology Center, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210001, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Jiang Ding
- Department of National Center of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Integrate Colorectal Oncology Center, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210001, P.R. China
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Study on the Mechanism of Liuwei Dihuang Pills in Treating Parkinson's Disease Based on Network Pharmacology. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:4490081. [PMID: 34746302 PMCID: PMC8568527 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4490081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease in middle-aged and elderly people. Liuwei Dihuang (LWDH) pills have a good effect on PD, but its mechanism remains unclear. Network pharmacology is the result of integrating basic theories and research methods of medicine, biology, computer science, bioinformatics, and other disciplines, which can systematically and comprehensively reflect the mechanism of drug intervention in disease networks. Methods The main components and targets of herbs in LWDH pills were obtained through Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP). Its active components were screened based on absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME); the PD-related targets were obtained from the Genecards, OMIM, TTD, and DRUGBANK databases. We used R to take the intersection of LWDH- and PD-related targets and Cytoscape software to construct the drug-component-target network. Moreover, STRING and Cytoscape software was used to analyze protein-protein interactions (PPI), construct a PPI network, and explore potential protein functional modules in the network. The Metascape platform was used to perform KEGG pathway and GO function enrichment analyses. Finally, molecular docking was performed to verify whether the compound and target have good binding activity. Results After screening and deduplication, 210 effective active ingredients, 204 drug targets, 4333 disease targets, and 162 drug-disease targets were obtained. We consequently constructed a drug-component-targets network and a PPI-drug-disease-targets network. The results showed that the hub components of LWDH pills were quercetin, stigmasterol, kaempferol, and beta-sitosterol; the hub targets were AKT1, VEGFA, and IL6. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses showed that these targets are involved in neuronal death, G protein-coupled amine receptor activity, reactive oxygen species metabolic processes, membrane rafts, MAPK signaling pathways, cellular senescence, and other biological processes. Molecular docking showed that the hub components were in good agreement with the hub targets. Conclusion LWDH pills have implications for the treatment of PD since they contain several active components, target multiple ligands, and activate various pathways. The hub components possibly include quercetin, stigmasterol, kaempferol, and beta-sitosterol and act through pairing with hub targets, such as AKT1, VEGFA, and IL6, to regulate neuronal death, G protein-coupled amine receptor activity, reactive oxygen species metabolic process, membrane raft, MAPK signaling pathway, and cellular senescence for the treatment of PD.
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Ma X, Hao C, Zhang Z, Jiang H, Zhang W, Huang J, Chen X, Yang W. Shenjinhuoxue Mixture Attenuates Inflammation, Pain, and Cartilage Degeneration by Inhibiting TLR-4 and NF- κB Activation in Rats with Osteoarthritis: A Synergistic Combination of Multitarget Active Phytochemicals. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:4190098. [PMID: 34777686 PMCID: PMC8589511 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4190098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), a highly prevalent chronic joint disease, involves a complex network of inflammatory mediators that not only triggers pain and cartilage degeneration but also accelerates disease progression. Traditional Chinese medicinal shenjinhuoxue mixture (SHM) shows anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects against OA with remarkable clinical efficacy. This study explored the mechanism underlying anti-OA properties of SHM and evaluated its efficacy and safety via in vivo experiments. Through network pharmacology and published literature, we identified the key active phytochemicals in SHM, including β-sitosterol, oleanolic acid, licochalcone A, quercetin, isorhamnetin, kaempferol, morusin, lupeol, and pinocembrin; the pivotal targets of which are TLR-4 and NF-κB, eliciting anti-OA activity. These phytochemicals can enter the active pockets of TLR-4 and NF-κB with docking score ≤ -3.86 kcal/mol, as shown in molecular docking models. By using surface plasmon resonance assay, licochalcone A and oleanolic acid were found to have good TLR-4-binding affinity. In OA rats, oral SHM at mid and high doses (8.72 g/kg and 26.2 g/kg) over 6 weeks significantly alleviated mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia (P < 0.0001). Accordingly, the expression of inflammatory mediators (TLR-4, interleukin (IL-) 1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK1), NF-κB-p65, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-) α, IL-6, and IL-1β), receptor activator of the NF-κB ligand (RANKL), and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) in the synovial and cartilage tissue of OA rats was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Moreover, pathological observation illustrated amelioration of cartilage degeneration and joint injury. In chronic toxicity experiment of rats, SHM at 60 mg/kg demonstrated the safety. SHM had an anti-inflammatory effect through a synergistic combination of active phytochemicals to attenuate pain and cartilage degeneration by inhibiting TLR-4 and NF-κB activation. This study provided the experimental foundation for the development of SHM into a more effective dosage form or new drugs for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Chenxia Hao
- Department of Pharmacy, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaokang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiting Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weixia Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofei Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanhua Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Li Y, Xu J, Li D, Ma H, Mu Y, Zheng D, Huang X, Li L. Chemical Characterization and Hepatoprotective Effects of a Standardized Triterpenoid-Enriched Guava Leaf Extract. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:3626-3637. [PMID: 33733770 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c07125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nutraceutical/pharmaceutical agents capable of maintaining redox and inflammation homeostasis are considered as candidates for the prevention and/or treatment of liver diseases. Psidium guajava (commonly known as guava) leaf is a commercially available functional food that has been reported to possess hepatoprotective property. However, the hepatoprotective constituents in guava leaf are not known. In the current study, a standardized triterpenoid-enriched extract of guava leaves (TGL) was developed. A new ursolic acid derivative, namely 2α,3β,6β,23,30-pentahydroxyurs-11,13(18)-dien-28,20β-olide (1), and 23 known triterpenoids were isolated and identified from TGL. The hepatoprotective effects of TGL were evaluated through a model using acetaminophen (APAP)-exposed C57BL/6 male mice. Pretreatment of TGL (75 and 150 mg/kg) restored the mice hepatic architecture, improved the serum ALT and AST levels, and reduced the hepatic ROS and MDA contents. Further molecular mechanistic study revealed that TGL modulated Nrf2 and MAPK signaling pathways to alleviate APAP-induced oxidative and inflammatory stress in liver. In addition, the new compound 1 from TGL showed protective effects against APAP-induced cytotoxicity via activation of the Nrf2 pathway in HepG2 cells. Overall, this is the first report on the hepatoprotective effects of a standardized triterpenoid-enriched extract of guava leaves, which supports its potential nutraceutical application in liver disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Li
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - Jialin Xu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - Dongli Li
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Hang Ma
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
- Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Yu Mu
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - Dan Zheng
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - Xueshi Huang
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - Liya Li
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
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Network Pharmacology Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Shuang Di Shou Zhen Tablets Treating Nonexudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6657521. [PMID: 33815556 PMCID: PMC8012120 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6657521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Objective To analyze the pharmacological mechanism of the treatment of dry age-related macular degeneration (dry AMD) based on a network pharmacological approach of Shuang Di Shou Zhen Tablets (SDSZT) and to provide a new reference for the current lack of effective treatment of dry AMD. Methods The main chemical constituents and their targets of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata, Ligustrum lucidum, Mori Fructus, Paeonia albiflora, Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Alisma orientale, Schisandra chinensis, Radix Polygoni Multiflori Preparata, Ophiopogon japonicus, and Radix Rehmanniae were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) and Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Database (TCMID). The active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine were screened according to Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion (ADME), the gene names of the targets of each active ingredient were obtained from the Uniprot database, the main targets of dry AMD were obtained from GeneCards and DisGeNET database, and the protein interaction analysis was performed on the String database. The Metascape database was used to analyze the “drug-component-target” and the biological processes and networks involved, and then, Cytoscape 3.8.1 was used to construct the “ SDSZT component-dry AMD target-pathway” network. Results The main active ingredients of SDSZT for dry AMD treatment are quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, β-glutamine, β-carotene, etc. And, the core targets are RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT1), prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 (PTGS1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), transcription factor AP-1 (JUN), apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 (BCL2), caspase-3 (CASP3), phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform (PIK3CG), androgen receptor (AR), apoptosis regulator BAX (BAX), etc. The biological pathways for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration by SDSZT mainly act on pathways in cancer, fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, and TNF signaling pathway, and the main function of SDSZT is to regulate intracellular cytokine receptor binding. Conclusion This study initially reveals the multiconstituent, multitarget, and multipathway mechanism of action of SDSZT in the treatment of dry AMD and provides the basis for the clinical application of SDSZT.
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Lumenato protects normal human dermal fibroblasts from neutrophil-induced collagen-3 damage in co-cultures. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248183. [PMID: 33730073 PMCID: PMC7968672 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Collagen is the major structural protein in the extracellular matrix of skin produced by fibroblasts. UV exposure results in infiltration of neutrophils within the epidermis and dermis, inducing collagen damage and contributing to the process of photo-aging. Collagen-3 is an integral structural component with collagen-1, and is an important regulator of collagen-1 fibrillogenesis. Addition of neutrophils activated with TNFα to normal human dermal fibroblast cultures, but not their supernatant, caused significant collagen-3 damage. To study whether Lumenato can protect from collagen-3 damage, it was added to co-cultures of Normal human dermal fibroblasts and neutrophils activated with TNFα. Lumenato prevented collagen-3 damage induced by activated neutrophils in a dose-dependent manner in the co-cultures. Lumenato also induced a low rate of collagen-3 synthesis in a dose-dependent manner detected by pro-collagen-3 secretion, but did not affect fibroblast cell number. Although Lumenato inhibited MMP-8, MMP-9, and elastase secreted from neutrophils, its main effect was in inhibiting both NADPH oxidase-producing superoxides and MPO activity-producing halides in a dose-dependent manner that correlated with protection from collagen-3 damage. In conclusion, the results suggest that Lumenato induces low levels of collagen-3 that may contribute for skin health and is very effective in defending the co-cultures from collagen-3 damage by inhibiting free radicals secreted from neutrophils, thus, indicating Lumenato's possible potential for skin protection.
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Koc K, Geyikoglu F, Cakmak O, Koca A, Kutlu Z, Aysin F, Yilmaz A, Aşkın H. The targets of β-sitosterol as a novel therapeutic against cardio-renal complications in acute renal ischemia/reperfusion damage. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 394:469-479. [PMID: 33048170 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01984-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
This research is the first to use β-sitosterol on myocardial and renal tissues in renal ischemia/reperfusion (IR) damage. Female Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: control (sham), renal IR (50 min ischemia - 3 h reperfusion), and renal IR + 150 mg/kg/p.o. β-sitosterol (the rats were treated with β-sitosterol orally once 1 h before the IR procedure). β-Sitosterol pretreatment caused an increase in superoxide dismutase and glutathione activities and a decrease in malondialdehyde levels in the kidney and heart. Moreover, it alleviated histopathological changes and downregulated the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 and upregulated the levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. As conclusion, the potential of β-sitosterol for renal and cardiac necrosis and apoptosis appears to act by limiting inflammatory response and oxidative stress. Thus, the potential of this compound is noteworthy and may serve as a potential therapeutic in the treatment of acute organ damages due to renal IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kubra Koc
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fatime Geyikoglu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ozge Cakmak
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Aynur Koca
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Zerrin Kutlu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ferhunde Aysin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
- East Anatolian High Technology Research and Application Center (DAYTAM), Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Asli Yilmaz
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
- East Anatolian High Technology Research and Application Center (DAYTAM), Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Hakan Aşkın
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Li X, Tang H, Tang Q, Chen W. Decoding the Mechanism of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction in Treating Pneumonia Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:638366. [PMID: 33681222 PMCID: PMC7930397 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.638366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Huang-Lian-Jie-Du decoction (HLJDD) has been used to treat pneumonia for thousands of years in China. However, our understanding of its mechanisms on treating pneumonia is still unclear. In the present work, network pharmacology was used to analyze the potential active ingredients and molecular mechanisms of HLJDD on treating pneumonia. A total of 102 active ingredients were identified from HLJDD, among which 54 were hit by the 69 targets associated with pneumonia. By performing Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, we obtained the main pathways associated with pneumonia and those associated with the mechanism of HLJDD in the treatment of pneumonia. By constructing the protein-protein interaction network of common targets, 10 hub genes were identified, which were mainly involved in the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway, interleukin 17 (IL-17) signaling pathway, and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor signaling pathway. Moreover, the results of molecular docking showed that the active ingredients of HLJDD had a good affinity with the hub genes. The final results indicate that HLJDD has a greater effect on bacterial pneumonia than on viral pneumonia. The therapeutic effect is mainly achieved by regulating the host immune inflammatory response and oxidative stress reaction, antibacterial microorganisms, alleviating the clinical symptoms of pneumonia, repairing damaged cells, and inhibiting cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhai Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua Tang
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qiang Tang
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,School of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
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Han H, Li X, Guo Y, Zheng M, Xue T, Wang L. Plant sterol ester of α-linolenic acid ameliorates high-fat diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice: association with regulating mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress via activating AMPK signaling. Food Funct 2021; 12:2171-2188. [DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02623a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Plant sterol ester of α-linolenic acid prevents nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by improving mitochondrial function, modifying lipid metabolism, and inhibiting oxidative stress via AMPK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Han
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene
- School of Public Health
- Shanxi Medical University
- Taiyuan
- PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene
- School of Public Health
- Shanxi Medical University
- Taiyuan
- PR China
| | - Yan Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene
- School of Public Health
- Shanxi Medical University
- Taiyuan
- PR China
| | - Mingming Zheng
- Oil Crops Research Institute
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition
- Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory
- Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing
| | - Tingli Xue
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene
- School of Public Health
- Shanxi Medical University
- Taiyuan
- PR China
| | - Linqi Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene
- School of Public Health
- Shanxi Medical University
- Taiyuan
- PR China
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25
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Uncovering the protective mechanism of Taohong Siwu decoction against diabetic retinopathy via HIF-1 signaling pathway based on network analysis and experimental validation. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:298. [PMID: 33023593 PMCID: PMC7542117 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03086-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common and serious microvascular complication of diabetes. Taohong Siwu decoction (THSWD), a famous traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription, has been proved to have a good clinical effect on DR, whereas its molecular mechanism remains unclear. Our study aimed to uncover the core targets and signaling pathways of THSWD against DR. Methods First, the active ingredients of THSWD were searched from Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) Database. Second, the targets of active ingredients were identified from ChemMapper and PharmMapper databases. Third, DR associated targets were searched from DisGeNET, DrugBank and Therapeutic Target Database (TTD). Subsequently, the common targets of active ingredients and DR were found and analyzed in STRING database. DAVID database and ClueGo plug-in software were used to carry out the gene ontology (GO) and KEGG enrichment analysis. The core signaling pathway network of “herb-ingredient-target” was constructed by the Cytoscape software. Finally, the key genes of THSWD against DR were validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Results A total of 2340 targets of 61 active ingredients in THSWD were obtained. Simultaneously, a total of 263 DR-associated targets were also obtained. Then, 67 common targets were found by overlapping them, and 23 core targets were identified from protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Response to hypoxia was found as the top GO term of biological process, and HIF-1 signaling pathway was found as the top KEGG pathway. Among the key genes in HIF-1 pathway, the mRNA expression levels of VEGFA, SERPINE1 and NOS2 were significantly down-regulated by THSWD (P < 0.05), and NOS3 and HMOX1 were significantly up-regulated (P < 0.05). Conclusion THSWD had a protective effect on DR via regulating HIF-1 signaling pathway and other important pathways. This study might provide a theoretical basis for the application of THSWD and the development of new drugs for the treatment of DR.
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Tramontin NDS, Luciano TF, Marques SDO, de Souza CT, Muller AP. Ginger and avocado as nutraceuticals for obesity and its comorbidities. Phytother Res 2020; 34:1282-1290. [PMID: 31989713 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a worldwide epidemic and is one of the factors involved in the etiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Obesity induces low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress. The treatment for obesity involves changes in diet, physical activity, and even medication and surgery. Currently, the use of nutraceutical compounds is associated with health benefits. Ginger and avocado are used for many people all around the world; however, its effect as a nutraceutical compound is less known by the general population. For this reason, we searched information of the literature to point its effects on distinct mechanisms of defense against the obesity its comorbidities. The present review aimed showing that these nutraceuticals may be useful in obesity treatment. Reports have shown that ginger and avocado induce antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects by improving enzymatic activity and modulating obesity-related impairments in the anti-inflammatory system in different tissues, without side effects. Furthermore, ginger and avocado were found to be effective in reversing the harmful effects of obesity on blood lipids. In conclusion, on the basis of the positive effects of ginger and avocado in in vitro, animal, and human studies, these nutraceuticals may be useful in obesity treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thais F Luciano
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Brazil
| | | | - Claudio T de Souza
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medicine School, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Alexandre P Muller
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
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Fuling-Guizhi Herb Pair in Coronary Heart Disease: Integrating Network Pharmacology and In Vivo Pharmacological Evaluation. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:1489036. [PMID: 32508942 PMCID: PMC7251461 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1489036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The Fuling (Poria cocos)-Guizhi (Cinnamomi ramulus) herb pair (FGHP) is a commonly used traditional Chinese herbal formula with coronary heart disease (CHD) treatment potential. However, the mechanism of FGHP in the treatment of CHD was still unclear. In this study, the action targets and underlying mechanism of FGHP against CHD were successfully achieved by combined network pharmacology prediction with experimental verification. 76 common targets were screened out by overlapping the chemical-protein data of FGHP and CHD-related targets. Then, two key targets were further selected for verification by using western blot analysis after analyzing PPI, GO function, and KEGG pathway. Results indicated FGHP could alleviate CHD syndromes and regulate inflammatory responses in acute myocardial ischemia rats, and the reduction of expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in myocardial tissue would be one of its possible underlying mechanisms. Our work demonstrated that network pharmacology combined with experimental verification provides a credible method to elucidate the pharmacological mechanism of FGHP against CHD.
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Ye XW, Deng YL, Xia LT, Ren HM, Zhang JL. Uncovering the mechanism of the effects of Paeoniae Radix Alba on iron-deficiency anaemia through a network pharmacology-based strategy. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:130. [PMID: 32345291 PMCID: PMC7189569 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-02925-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paeoniae Radix Alba, the root of the plant Paeonia lactiflora Pall, is a common blood-enriching drug in traditional Chinese medicine. Its effectiveness in the clinical treatment of anaemia is remarkable, but its potential pharmacologic mechanism has not been clarified. METHODS In this study, the potential pharmacologic mechanism of Paeoniae Radix Alba in the treatment of iron-deficiency anaemia was preliminarily elucidated through systematic and comprehensive network pharmacology. RESULTS Specifically, we obtained 15 candidate active ingredients from among 146 chemical components in Paeoniae Radix Alba. The ingredients were predicted to target 77 genes associated with iron-deficiency anaemia. In-depth analyses of these targets revealed that they were mostly associated with energy metabolism, cell proliferation, and stress responses, suggesting that Paeoniae Radix Alba helps alleviate iron-deficiency anaemia by affecting these processes. In addition, we conducted a core target analysis and a cluster analysis of protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. The results showed that four pathways, the p53 signalling pathway, the IL-17 signalling pathway, the TNF signalling pathway and the AGE-RAGE signalling pathway in diabetic complications, may be major pathways associated with the ameliorative effects of Paeoniae Radix Alba on iron-deficiency anaemia. Moreover, molecular docking verified the credibility of the network for molecular target prediction. CONCLUSIONS Overall, this study predicted the functional ingredients in Paeoniae Radix Alba and their targets and uncovered the mechanism of action of this drug, providing new insights for advanced research on Paeoniae Radix Alba and other traditional Chinese medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Wen Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Ya-Ling Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Lan-Ting Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Hong-Min Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Jin-Lian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China.
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β-Sitosterol Protects against Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via Targeting PPAR γ/NF- κB Signalling. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:2679409. [PMID: 32308701 PMCID: PMC7142345 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2679409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a clinically severe complication, which can cause high rates of disability and mortality particularly in patients with myocardial infarction, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying this process remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the protective effects of β-sitosterol against myocardial I/R injury and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Our results showed that hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) treatment suppressed cell viability, induced cell apoptosis and reactive oxygen species production, increased caspase-3 and -9 activities, upregulated caspase-3 and -9 protein expressions, downregulated the Bcl-2 protein expression, and reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential. β-Sitosterol treatment attenuated H/R-induced cardiomyocyte injury. Moreover, β-sitosterol treatment counteracted the inhibitory effects of H/R treatment on the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) expression and enhanced effects of H/R treatment on the NF-κB expression in cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, inhibition of PPARγ impaired the protective actions of β-sitosterol against H/R-induced cardiomyocyte injury. In the I/R rats, β-sitosterol treatment reduced the myocardial infarcted size and apoptosis, which was attenuated by the inhibition of PPARγ. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that β-sitosterol protected against in vitro H/R-induced cardiomyocyte injury and in vivo myocardial I/R injury. The β-sitosterol-mediated cardioprotective effects may involve the modulation of PPARγ/NF-κB signalling during myocardial I/R injury. Further studies are required to further explore the clinical application of β-sitosterol in the myocardial I/R injury.
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Plant Sterol Ester of α-Linolenic Acid Attenuates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Rescuing the Adaption to Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Enhancing Mitochondrial Biogenesis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:8294141. [PMID: 33273997 PMCID: PMC7695996 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8294141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming more common in the world and is presenting a great challenge concerning prevention and treatment. Plant sterol ester of α-linolenic acid (PS-ALA) has a potential benefit to NAFLD. To examine the effect of PS-ALA on NAFLD, C57BL/6J mice were given a control diet, high fat and high cholesterol diet (HFD), and HFD plus 2% PS, 1.3% ALA, or 3.3% PS-ALA for 16 weeks. Our results showed that PS-ALA treatment suppressed hepatic steatosis, ameliorated lipid disorder, attenuated inflammatory response, and inhibited oxidative stress. In the molecular level, PS-ALA downregulated high transcriptional and translational levels of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers (Grp78 and Chop) leading to decreased protein expression of transcription factor and key enzymes involved in de novo lipogenesis (Srebp-1c and Fas) and cholesterol synthesis (Srebp-2 and Hmgcr). In parallel, PS-ALA blocked Nlrp3 activation and reduced release of IL-1β and IL-18 via inhibiting ER stress-induced sensitization of unfolded protein response sensors (Ire1α and Xbp1s). Finally, PS-ALA improved HFD-induced mitochondrial damage and fatty acid accumulation as exhibited by higher protein and mRNA expression of key genes administering mitochondrial biogenesis (Pgc-1α, Nrf1, and Tfam) and fatty acid β-oxidation (Pparα and Cpt1a). In conclusion, our study originally demonstrated that PS-ALA rescued ER stress, enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis, and thus ameliorated NAFLD.
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Ulmus minor bark hydro-alcoholic extract ameliorates histological parameters and testosterone level in an experimental model of PCOS rats. Endocr Regul 2019; 53:146-153. [DOI: 10.2478/enr-2019-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common and multifactorial disease associated with female factor infertility. Ulmus minor bark (UMB) is one of the medicinal plants used in Persian folklore as a fertility enhancer. In the current study, we aimed to elucidate the effect of UMB hydro-alcoholic extract on histological parameters and testosterone condition in an experimental model of PCOS rats.
Methods. Thirty female rats were randomly divided into five groups: (1) control, (2) vehicle, (3) PCOS/50 mg [6 mg/kg dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) + 50 mg/kg UMB hydro-alcoholic extract], (4) PCOS/150 mg (6 mg/kg DHEA + 150 mg/kg UMB hydro-alcoholic extract), and (5) PCOS (6 mg/kg DHEA). All interventions were performed for 21 days. Afterwards, stereological analysis was done for determination of ovarian volume and follicle number. The serum level of testosterone was measured by ELISA kit.
Results. UMB hydro-alcoholic extract improved the total number of the corpus luteum in the treatment groups when compared to the PCOS group (p<0.05). PCOS/150 mg and PCOS/50 mg groups showed significantly lower total number of the primordial, primary, and secondary follicles as well as testosterone level compared to the PCOS group (p<0.05). The total number of antral follicles and volume of ovary did not differ significantly between groups.
Conclusion. UMB extract may be an effective and good alternative in improving PCOS histo-logical and testosterone disturbances although further studies are warranted to confirm the safety of UMB plant in human.
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Jin SJ, Liu C, Wang R, Guo KP, Huang YN, Li PX, Ma YC, Xu ST, Ding CH, Zhou JJ, Chen FS. Disodium Guanylate Alleviates Acute Hepatic Injury Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride Via Antioxidative Stress and Antiapoptosis In Vivo and In Vitro. J Food Sci 2019; 84:2658-2665. [PMID: 31441515 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic injury is one of the most common digestive system diseases worldwide in clinic. Guanylic acid or guanosine monophosphate (GMP) was an important component of nucleotides, which is mainly in the form of sodium salt (disodium guanylate, GMP-Na2 ). However, its effect on hepatic injury has not yet been investigated. This study is to investigate the protective effects of GMP-Na2 on acute hepatic injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 ), and to explore its mechanism. The hepatic injury models of mice and HL-7702 cells were induced by CCl4 . The alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) were determined by biochemical method. Hematoxylin-eosin staining were used to determine the morphological changes on liver tissue in mice. The mRNA and protein expressions of caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2 were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Our results show that GMP-Na2 treatment significantly decreased the activities of ALT and AST, and the levels of MDA as well as increased the levels of SOD, GSH-Px, and T-AOC. Importantly, GMP-Na2 effectively enhanced the antiapoptosis function by upregulating Bcl-2 expression and downregulating caspase-3 and Bax expressions in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, the histopathological changes of liver tissue were obviously improved after GMP-Na2 treatment. These findings suggest that GMP-Na2 has protective effects on hepatic injury, and its mechanisms may be associated with antioxidative stress and antiapoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Ju Jin
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Univ. of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.,Henan Nanjiecun (Group) Co., Ltd., Linying, Henan, 462600, China.,Luohe Medical College and Tumor Occurrence and Prevention Research Innovation Team of Henan, Luohe, Henan, 462002, China
| | - Chen Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Univ. of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical Univ., Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750004, China
| | - Kun-Peng Guo
- Luohe Medical College and Tumor Occurrence and Prevention Research Innovation Team of Henan, Luohe, Henan, 462002, China
| | - Ya-Nan Huang
- Henan Nanjiecun (Group) Co., Ltd., Linying, Henan, 462600, China
| | - Pan-Xin Li
- Henan Nanjiecun (Group) Co., Ltd., Linying, Henan, 462600, China
| | - Yong-Chao Ma
- Henan Nanjiecun (Group) Co., Ltd., Linying, Henan, 462600, China.,Luohe Medical College and Tumor Occurrence and Prevention Research Innovation Team of Henan, Luohe, Henan, 462002, China
| | - Song-Tao Xu
- Luohe Medical College and Tumor Occurrence and Prevention Research Innovation Team of Henan, Luohe, Henan, 462002, China
| | - Chang-He Ding
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Univ. of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Jun-Jun Zhou
- Dept. of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical Univ., Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, China
| | - Fu-Sheng Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Univ. of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
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Hwang DI, Won KJ, Kim DY, Kim HB, Li Y, Lee HM. Chemical Composition of Patrinia scabiosifolia Flower Absolute and Its Migratory and Proliferative Activities in Human Keratinocytes. Chem Biodivers 2019; 16:e1900252. [PMID: 31250551 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Patrinia scabiosifolia (PS) has bioactivities such as antitumor and anti-inflammation effects. However, its effects on human skin physiological activities, such as skin regeneration and wound healing, remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of absolute extracted from PS flower (PSF) on migration and proliferation of human dermal keratinocyte (HaCat). The yield of PSF absolute obtained by solvent extraction method was 0.105 % and its five constituents were found in GC/MS analysis. The PSF absolute induced the proliferation and migration of HaCats. The absolute increased the phosphorylation of serine/threonine-specific protein kinase (Akt) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (Erk1/2) in HaCats. In addition, the absolute stimulated the outgrowth of collagen sprouting of HaCats. These results demonstrated, for the first time, that PSF absolute may have positive effects on skin regeneration and/or wound healing by inducing migration and proliferation of dermal keratinocytes via the Akt/Erk1/2 pathway. Therefore, PSF absolute may be a useful natural material for skin regeneration and/or wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Il Hwang
- Department of Cosmetic Science, College of Life and Health Sciences, Hoseo University, Asan, 336-795, Korea.,Institute of Jinan Red Ginseng, Jinan, 55442, Korea
| | - Kyung Jong Won
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, Korea
| | - Do-Yoon Kim
- Department of Cosmetic Science, College of Life and Health Sciences, Hoseo University, Asan, 336-795, Korea.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, 414006, P. R. China
| | - Ha Bin Kim
- Department of Cosmetic Science, College of Life and Health Sciences, Hoseo University, Asan, 336-795, Korea
| | - Yali Li
- Department of Cosmetic Science, College of Life and Health Sciences, Hoseo University, Asan, 336-795, Korea
| | - Hwan Myung Lee
- Department of Cosmetic Science, College of Life and Health Sciences, Hoseo University, Asan, 336-795, Korea
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Triterpenoids from fruits of Sorbus pohuashanensis inhibit acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 109:493-502. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Wang Y, Wei S, Gao T, Yang Y, Lu X, Zhou X, Li H, Wang T, Qian L, Zhao Y, Zou W. Anti-Inflammatory Effect of a TCM Formula Li-Ru-Kang in Rats With Hyperplasia of Mammary Gland and the Underlying Biological Mechanisms. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1318. [PMID: 30524280 PMCID: PMC6262177 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Li-Ru-Kang (LRK), a formula of eight traditional Chinese medicines (TCM), has been used to treat hyperplasia of mammary gland (HMG) in TCM clinics. However, how LRK works in HMG patients is unclear. To explore the possible mechanisms of LRK against HMG, the network pharmacology was used to screen the potential targets and possible pathways that involved in LRK treated HMG. Rat HMG model induced by estrogen and progesterone was used to further verify the effects of the key molecules of LRK selected from the enriched pathways on HMG. Nipple heights and diameters were measured and uterus index was calculated. The histopathological changes of mammary gland tissue were detected by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. Western blot was used to detect the phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, and P38. And immunohistochemistry staining was performed to evaluate the levels of estrogen receptor α (ERα), progesterone receptor (PR), nuclear factor-(NF-)κB (p65), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), cyclooxygenases 2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), 8-hydroxy-2′deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and nitrotyrosine (NT). Our results indicate that LRK treatment rescues significantly nipples height and diameter, decreases uterus index and ameliorates HMG. LRK treatment also markedly attenuates the over-expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, COX-2, and iNOS, and suppressed the formation of 8-OHdG and NT. Furthermore, LRK treatment significantly inhibits the phosphorylation of JNK, ERK, and p38 and expression of NF-κB (p65), interestingly, LRK treatment has no effect on the expression of ERα and PR. Our data suggest that the LRK treatment protects the mammary glands from the damage of oxidative stress and inflammation induced by estrogen and progesterone, via suppresses of MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathways without affecting on the expression of ERα and PR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing, China
| | - Shizhang Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing, China
| | - Tian Gao
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuxue Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohua Lu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing, China
| | - Xuelin Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing, China
| | - Haotian Li
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing, China
| | - Liqi Qian
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjun Zou
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Cui B, Liu H, Yu H, Pang X, Yan H, Bai L. Monolithic Material Prepared with Nanodiamond as Monomer for the Enrichment of β-Sitosterol in Edible Oil. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-018-1405-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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37
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Zarrouk A, Ben Salem Y, Hafsa J, Sghaier R, Charfeddine B, Limem K, Hammami M, Majdoub H. 7β-hydroxycholesterol-induced cell death, oxidative stress, and fatty acid metabolism dysfunctions attenuated with sea urchin egg oil. Biochimie 2018; 153:210-219. [PMID: 30003930 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2018.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Some oxysterols resulting either from enzymatic oxidation or autoxidation of cholesterol are associated with age-related diseases including neurodegenerative diseases. Among these oxysterols, 7β-hydroxycholesterol (7β-OHC) is often found at increased levels in patients. It is therefore important to identify molecules or mixtures of molecules to prevent 7β-OHC-induced side effects. Consequently, murine oligodendrocytes (158N) were cultured in the absence or presence of 7β-OHC (20 μg/mL, 24 h) with or without a natural oil extracted from sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus) eggs known for its biological activity. Firstly, the chemical composition of this oil was determined using 31P NMR and GC-MS. Secondly, this oil was used to reduce 7β-OHC-induced side effects. To this end, the oil (160 μg/mL) was added to the culture medium of 158N cells 2 h before 7β-OHC. The effects of 7β-OHC with or without the oil on cell viability were studied with the MTT test. Photometric methods were used to analyze antioxidant enzyme activities, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), as well as the generation of lipid peroxidation products (malondialdehyde (MDA), conjugated dienes (CDs)) and protein oxidation product (carbonylated proteins (CPs)). Gas chromatography was used to determine the fatty acid profile. With 7β-OHC, an induction of cell death associated with oxidative stress (alteration of GPx and SOD activities) was observed; an overproduction of lipid peroxidation products (MDA and CDs) and CPs was also revealed. Sea urchin egg oil attenuated 7β-OHC-induced cytotoxicity: 7β-OHC-induced cell death was reduced, GPx and SOD activities were normalized, and lower levels of MDA, CDs and CPs were produced. In addition, whereas a disturbed fatty acid profile was observed with 7β-OHC, similar fatty acid profiles were found in control cells and in cells cultured with 7β-OHC associated with sea urchin egg oil. These data demonstrate the protective activities of sea urchin egg oil against 7β-OHC-induced side effects on 158N cells, supporting the concept that this oil may have benefits in the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Zarrouk
- University of Monastir, LR12ES05, Lab-NAFS Nutrition - Functional Food & Vascular Health, Monastir, Tunisia; University of Sousse, Faculty of Medicine Sousse, Tunisia.
| | - Yosra Ben Salem
- Laboratoire des Interfaces et des Matériaux Avancés (LIMA), Faculté des Sciences de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Jawhar Hafsa
- University of Sousse, Faculty of Medicine Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Randa Sghaier
- University of Sousse, Faculty of Medicine Sousse, Tunisia; Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism' EA 7270, Univ. Bourgogne Franche Comté, INSERM, Dijon, Tunisia
| | | | - Khalifa Limem
- University of Sousse, Faculty of Medicine Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Hammami
- University of Monastir, LR12ES05, Lab-NAFS Nutrition - Functional Food & Vascular Health, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Hatem Majdoub
- Laboratoire des Interfaces et des Matériaux Avancés (LIMA), Faculté des Sciences de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
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