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Jeong GH, Lee H, Lee KB, Chung BY, Bai HW. Molecular modification of chlorogenic acid via radiolysis with inhibitory effects on NO production. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2024; 88:1261-1269. [PMID: 39231804 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbae123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
The molecular modification of chlorogenic acid (1) through γ-irradiation resulted in the formation of five new products: chlorogenosins A (2), B (3), C (4), D (5), and E (6) along with known compounds rosmarinosin B (7), protocatechuic acid (8), and protocatechuic aldehyde (9). The structures of the new compounds were elucidated using spectroscopic methods, including one-dimensional and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy, and circular dichroism spectroscopy. The potential anti-inflammatory activities of all the isolated compounds were determined by evaluating their inhibitory effects on the nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. Notably, compounds 2 and 3, which contained two hydroxymethyl functionalities instead of the trans-olefinic moiety present in the original chlorogenic acid, exhibited stronger inhibitory effects on NO production than that of the original compound. These findings suggest that the predominant chemical changes induced in chlorogenic acid by γ-irradiation may enhance its anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeong Han Jeong
- Research division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
- Center for Companion Animal New Drug Development, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanui Lee
- Research division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
- Center for Companion Animal New Drug Development, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences and Research Center of Ecomimetics, College of Natural Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Bon Lee
- Department of Biology Education, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Yeoup Chung
- Research division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Woo Bai
- Research division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
- Center for Companion Animal New Drug Development, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiation Science, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Jeong GH, Kaur S, Yoo Y, Ryu YB, Lee SJ, Jung KW, Chung MS, Bai HW, Kim JH, Lee S, Kim TH, Chung BY, Lee SS. Effects of Gamma Irradiation on Changes in Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Euphorbia maculata Callus. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2306. [PMID: 39204742 PMCID: PMC11360754 DOI: 10.3390/plants13162306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effects of gamma irradiation on the antioxidant activity and metabolite profiles of Euphorbia maculata calli (PC3012). Gamma irradiation at various doses (0, 0.05, 0.5, and 10 kGy) significantly enhanced the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS+) radical scavenging activities of the callus extracts of PC3012 in a dose-dependent manner. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) analyses revealed that irradiation increased the lysophospholipid content, although no new antioxidant compounds were formed. Furthermore, a PLS-DA analysis revealed evident metabolic differences between non-irradiated and irradiated samples, which were further verified by statistical validation. These findings suggest that gamma irradiation induces specific biochemical modifications that enhance the bioactive properties of PC3012 calli. This technology exhibits potential for utilization in the natural product and food sectors, particularly in the development of functional foods and nutraceuticals with improved health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeong Han Jeong
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; (G.H.J.); (S.K.); (Y.Y.); (K.-W.J.); (M.-S.C.); (H.-W.B.); (J.-H.K.); (S.L.); (B.Y.C.)
| | - Shubhpreet Kaur
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; (G.H.J.); (S.K.); (Y.Y.); (K.-W.J.); (M.-S.C.); (H.-W.B.); (J.-H.K.); (S.L.); (B.Y.C.)
| | - Youngchul Yoo
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; (G.H.J.); (S.K.); (Y.Y.); (K.-W.J.); (M.-S.C.); (H.-W.B.); (J.-H.K.); (S.L.); (B.Y.C.)
| | - Young Bae Ryu
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; (Y.B.R.); (S.J.L.)
| | - Seo Jun Lee
- Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; (Y.B.R.); (S.J.L.)
| | - Kwang-Woo Jung
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; (G.H.J.); (S.K.); (Y.Y.); (K.-W.J.); (M.-S.C.); (H.-W.B.); (J.-H.K.); (S.L.); (B.Y.C.)
| | - Moon-Soo Chung
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; (G.H.J.); (S.K.); (Y.Y.); (K.-W.J.); (M.-S.C.); (H.-W.B.); (J.-H.K.); (S.L.); (B.Y.C.)
| | - Hyoung-Woo Bai
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; (G.H.J.); (S.K.); (Y.Y.); (K.-W.J.); (M.-S.C.); (H.-W.B.); (J.-H.K.); (S.L.); (B.Y.C.)
- Department of Radiation Science, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hong Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; (G.H.J.); (S.K.); (Y.Y.); (K.-W.J.); (M.-S.C.); (H.-W.B.); (J.-H.K.); (S.L.); (B.Y.C.)
- Department of Radiation Science, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungbeom Lee
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; (G.H.J.); (S.K.); (Y.Y.); (K.-W.J.); (M.-S.C.); (H.-W.B.); (J.-H.K.); (S.L.); (B.Y.C.)
- Department of Radiation Science, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hoon Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan 38453, Republic of Korea;
| | - Byung Yeoup Chung
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; (G.H.J.); (S.K.); (Y.Y.); (K.-W.J.); (M.-S.C.); (H.-W.B.); (J.-H.K.); (S.L.); (B.Y.C.)
| | - Seung Sik Lee
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; (G.H.J.); (S.K.); (Y.Y.); (K.-W.J.); (M.-S.C.); (H.-W.B.); (J.-H.K.); (S.L.); (B.Y.C.)
- Department of Radiation Science, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
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Jeong GH, Yadav M, Lee SS, Chung BY, Cho JH, Lee IC, Bai HW, Kim TH. Novel Dihydrocoumarins Induced by Radiolysis as Potent Tyrosinase Inhibitors. Molecules 2024; 29:341. [PMID: 38257254 PMCID: PMC10820468 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
A representative naturally occurring coumarin, 4-methylumbelliferone (5), was exposed to 50 kGy of gamma ray, resulting in four newly generated dihydrocoumarin products 1-4 induced by the gamma irradiation. The structures of these new products were elucidated by interpretation of spectroscopic data (NMR, MS, [α]D, and UV). The unusual bisdihydrocoumarin 4 exhibited improved tyrosinase inhibitory capacity toward mushroom tyrosinase with IC50 values of 19.8 ± 0.5 μM as compared to the original 4-methylumbelliferone (5). A kinetic analysis also exhibited that the potent metabolite 4 had non-competitive modes of action. Linkage of the hydroxymethyl group in the C-3 and C-4 positions on the lactone ring probably enhances the tyrosinase inhibitory effect of 4-methylumbelliferone (5). Thus, the novel coumarin analog 4 is an interesting new class of tyrosinase inhibitory candidates that requires further examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeong Han Jeong
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; (G.H.J.); (S.S.L.); (B.Y.C.)
- Center for Companion Animal New Drug Development, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Manisha Yadav
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan 38453, Republic of Korea;
| | - Seung Sik Lee
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; (G.H.J.); (S.S.L.); (B.Y.C.)
- Radiation Biotechnology and Applied Radioisotope Science, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Yeoup Chung
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; (G.H.J.); (S.S.L.); (B.Y.C.)
| | - Jae-Hyeon Cho
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea;
| | - In-Chul Lee
- Department of Cosmetic Science and Technology, Seowon University, Cheongju 28674, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyoung-Woo Bai
- Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; (G.H.J.); (S.S.L.); (B.Y.C.)
- Center for Companion Animal New Drug Development, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea
- Radiation Biotechnology and Applied Radioisotope Science, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hoon Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan 38453, Republic of Korea;
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