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Du F, Shen H, Liu Y, Jiang C. Investigation of the main factor affecting the NO x distribution in the street canyon with the photo-catalytic wall. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024:1-20. [PMID: 38955510 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2024.2371078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
To find out the most contaminated street region and protect the pedestrian with the photo-catalytic equipment to decrease the hazard of oxynitride (NOx), Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation could be used to research the main factor affecting the statistical characteristics of the oxynitride distribution in the urban street canyon with the photo-catalytic building walls. Additionally, the connection was investigated and focused on the swirling flow and oxynitride concentration to find out the root of the main factor affecting oxynitride distribution. The simulation results showed that there was one three-dimensional swirling flow in the whole canyon and the statistical concentration was straightforwardly related to the swirling or whirling flow structure (such as eddy). The characteristics had been confirmed that the whirling flow structure affected the complex oxynitride distribution in the street canyon with the photo-catalytic building walls. Furthermore, one formula was found which described the oxynitride concentration constrained by the street canyon. This study illustrated that different sections in the canyon had various patterns of the whirling flow structure (swirling flow) and oxynitride. In the symmetrical portion of the street canyon (in the middle of the street length), there is one concise equation to describe the NOx concentration affected by the turbulence intensity. Moreover, the equation was presented as CR = 1.094 + 0.11e-I, where I was the turbulence intensity and CR was the oxynitride relative concentration in the street canyon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangli Du
- School of Energy and Architecture, Xi'an Aeronautical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiyuan Shen
- School of Energy and Architecture, Xi'an Aeronautical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhua Liu
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Jiang
- School of Architectural Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
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2
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Shen S, Yang K, Lin D. Biomacromolecular and Toxicity Responses of Bacteria upon the Nano-Bio Interfacial Interactions with Ti 3C 2T x Nanosheets. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:12991-13003. [PMID: 37608586 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c02397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
The biomolecular responses of bacteria to 2D nanosheets that result from nano-bio interfacial interactions remain to be thoroughly examined. Herein, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) multivariate and 2D correlation analyses were performed to assess the composition and conformational changes in bacterial biomacromolecules (lipids, polysaccharides, and carbohydrates) upon exposure to Ti3C2Tx nanosheets. General toxicity assays, 3D excitation-emission matrix fluorescence analyses, extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek theory interaction calculations, and isothermal titration calorimetry were also performed. Our results demonstrate that Ti3C2Tx nanosheets considerably impact Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis), causing oxidative damage and inactivation by preferentially interacting with and disrupting the cell walls. The bilayer membrane structure of Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) endows them with increased resistance to Ti3C2Tx nanosheets. The unmodified nanosheets had a higher affinity to bacterial protein components with lower toxicity due to their susceptibility to oxidation. Surface modification with KOH or hydrazine (HMH), particularly HMH, induced stronger dispersion, antioxidation, and affinity to bacterial phospholipids, which resulted in severe cell membrane lipid peroxidation and bacterial inactivation. These findings provide valuable insight into nano-bio interfacial interactions, which can facilitate the development of antimicrobial and antifouling surfaces and contribute to the evaluation of the environmental risks of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Shen
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Daohui Lin
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Zhang J, Li L, Li H. Adsorption-Controlled Wettability and Self-Cleaning of TiO 2. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:6188-6200. [PMID: 37073727 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Molecular adsorption on solids is inevitable and has significant influences on the wettability of materials, while the tuning mechanism of the wettability from molecular adsorption is yet to be understood. Using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we comprehensively studied the relation between the wettability of the TiO2 surface and the adsorption of water and carboxylic acid molecules. Our results reveal that the increasing amount of surface hydroxyl groups from the decomposition adsorption of H2O increases the hydrophilicity of TiO2, providing molecular-level evidence for the previously proposed mechanism of photo-induced hydrophilicity. By contrast, the surface wettability becomes tunable with water contact angles changing from 0 to ∼130° through length adjustment of the adsorbed carboxylic acids. The TiO2 surface is hydrophilic with the adsorption of short-alkyl-chain carboxylic acids (e.g., HCOOH) and becomes hydrophobic when longer-alkyl-chain carboxylic acids (H(CH2)nCOOH, n > 2) are present. Furthermore, long-alkyl-chain acids also increase surface oleophilicity, while the adsorption of HCOOH and CH3COOH significantly enhances the oleophobicity of TiO2. Water molecules can also more easily penetrate the space between oily contaminants and adsorbed short acid molecules, thereby further increasing its self-cleaning capacity. The present simulations not only reveal the mechanism of wettability caused by molecular adsorption but also provide a promising method to create materials with controllable wettability and high self-cleaning efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyan Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemistry Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hui Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemistry Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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Schutte-Smith M, Erasmus E, Mogale R, Marogoa N, Jayiya A, Visser HG. Using visible light to activate antiviral and antimicrobial properties of TiO 2 nanoparticles in paints and coatings: focus on new developments for frequent-touch surfaces in hospitals. JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH 2023; 20:789-817. [PMID: 36777289 PMCID: PMC9904533 DOI: 10.1007/s11998-022-00733-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic refocused scientists the world over to produce technologies that will be able to prevent the spread of such diseases in the future. One area that deservedly receives much attention is the disinfection of health facilities like hospitals, public areas like bathrooms and train stations, and cleaning areas in the food industry. Microorganisms and viruses can attach to and survive on surfaces for a long time in most cases, increasing the risk for infection. One of the most attractive disinfection methods is paints and coatings containing nanoparticles that act as photocatalysts. Of these, titanium dioxide is appealing due to its low cost and photoreactivity. However, on its own, it can only be activated under high-energy UV light due to the high band gap and fast recombination of photogenerated species. The ideal material or coating should be activated under artificial light conditions to impact indoor areas, especially considering wall paints or frequent-touch areas like door handles and elevator buttons. By introducing dopants to TiO2 NPs, the bandgap can be lowered to a state of visible-light photocatalysis occurring. Naturally, many researchers are exploring this property now. This review article highlights the most recent advancements and research on visible-light activation of TiO2-doped NPs in coatings and paints. The progress in fighting air pollution and personal protective equipment is also briefly discussed. Graphical Abstract Indoor visible-light photocatalytic activation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) over TiO2 nanoparticles in paint to kill bacteria and coat frequently touched surfaces in the medical and food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Schutte-Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300 South Africa
| | - E. Erasmus
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300 South Africa
| | - R. Mogale
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300 South Africa
| | - N. Marogoa
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300 South Africa
| | - A. Jayiya
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300 South Africa
| | - H. G. Visser
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300 South Africa
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5
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Preparation and Real World Applications of Titania Composite Materials for Photocatalytic Surface, Air, and Water Purification: State of the Art. INORGANICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics10090139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The semiconducting transition metal oxide TiO2 is a rather cheap and non-toxic material with superior photocatalytic properties. TiO2 thin films and nanoparticles are known to have antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antialgal, self, water, and air-cleaning properties under UV or sun light irradiation. Based on these excellent qualities, titania holds great promises in various fields of applications. The vast majority of published field and pilot scale studies are dealing with the modification of building materials or generally focus on air purification. Based on the reviewed papers, for the coating of glass, walls, ceilings, streets, tunnels, and other large surfaces, titania is usually applied by spray-coating due to the scalibility and cost-efficiency of this method compared to alternative coating procedures. In contrast, commercialized applications of titania in medical fields or in water purification are rarely found. Moreover, in many realistic test scenarios it becomes evident that the photocatalytic activity is often significantly lower than in laboratory settings. In this review, we will give an overview on the most relevant real world applications and commonly applied preparation methods for these purposes. We will also look at the relevant bottlenecks such as visible light photocatalytic activity and long-term stability and will make suggestions to overcome these hurdles for a widespread usage of titania as photocalyst.
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Dudek D, Janus M. Photoactive Cements: A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:5407. [PMID: 35955340 PMCID: PMC9369819 DOI: 10.3390/ma15155407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This article presents a short overview of modified cements with photocatalytic activity. First, the types and three main methods of obtaining photoactive cements are presented. The most frequently used modification method is the incorporation of a photocatalyst into the total mass of the cement. The second group analyzed is cements obtained by applying a thin layer of photoactive materials, e.g., paints, enamels, or TiO2 suspensions, using various techniques. The third group is cement mortars with a thick layer of photoactive concrete on the top. In addition, methods for determining the photoactivity of cement composites, mechanical properties, and physicochemical parameters of such materials are briefly presented. Finally, examples of investments with the use of photoactive cements and development prospects are shown.
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Kumaravel V, Nair KM, Mathew S, Bartlett J, Kennedy JE, Manning HG, Whelan BJ, Leyland NS, Pillai SC. Antimicrobial TiO 2 nanocomposite coatings for surfaces, dental and orthopaedic implants. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND : 1996) 2021; 416:129071. [PMID: 33642937 PMCID: PMC7899925 DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.129071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Engineering of self-disinfecting surfaces to constrain the spread of SARS-CoV-2 is a challenging task for the scientific community because the human coronavirus spreads through respiratory droplets. Titania (TiO2) nanocomposite antimicrobial coatings is one of the ideal remedies to disinfect pathogens (virus, bacteria, fungi) from common surfaces under light illumination. The photocatalytic disinfection efficiency of recent TiO2 nanocomposite antimicrobial coatings for surfaces, dental and orthopaedic implants are emphasized in this review. Mostly, inorganic metals (e.g. copper (Cu), silver (Ag), manganese (Mn), etc), non-metals (e.g. fluorine (F), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P)) and two-dimensional materials (e.g. MXenes, MOF, graphdiyne) were incorporated with TiO2 to regulate the charge transfer mechanism, surface porosity, crystallinity, and the microbial disinfection efficiency. The antimicrobial activity of TiO2 coatings was evaluated against the most crucial pathogenic microbes such as Escherichia coli, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Legionella pneumophila, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, T2 bacteriophage, H1N1, HCoV-NL63, vesicular stomatitis virus, bovine coronavirus. Silane functionalizing agents and polymers were used to coat the titanium (Ti) metal implants to introduce superhydrophobic features to avoid microbial adhesion. TiO2 nanocomposite coatings in dental and orthopaedic metal implants disclosed exceptional bio-corrosion resistance, durability, biocompatibility, bone-formation capability, and long-term antimicrobial efficiency. Moreover, the commercial trend, techno-economics, challenges, and prospects of antimicrobial nanocomposite coatings are also discussed briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Kumaravel
- Nanotechnology and Bio-Engineering Research Group, Department of Environmental Science, School of Science, Institute of Technology Sligo, Ash Lane, Sligo, Ireland
- Centre for Precision Engineering, Materials and Manufacturing Research (PEM), Institute of Technology Sligo, Ash Lane, Sligo, Ireland
| | - Keerthi M Nair
- Nanotechnology and Bio-Engineering Research Group, Department of Environmental Science, School of Science, Institute of Technology Sligo, Ash Lane, Sligo, Ireland
- Centre for Precision Engineering, Materials and Manufacturing Research (PEM), Institute of Technology Sligo, Ash Lane, Sligo, Ireland
| | - Snehamol Mathew
- Nanotechnology and Bio-Engineering Research Group, Department of Environmental Science, School of Science, Institute of Technology Sligo, Ash Lane, Sligo, Ireland
- Centre for Precision Engineering, Materials and Manufacturing Research (PEM), Institute of Technology Sligo, Ash Lane, Sligo, Ireland
| | - John Bartlett
- Nanotechnology and Bio-Engineering Research Group, Department of Environmental Science, School of Science, Institute of Technology Sligo, Ash Lane, Sligo, Ireland
- Centre for Precision Engineering, Materials and Manufacturing Research (PEM), Institute of Technology Sligo, Ash Lane, Sligo, Ireland
| | | | | | | | | | - Suresh C Pillai
- Nanotechnology and Bio-Engineering Research Group, Department of Environmental Science, School of Science, Institute of Technology Sligo, Ash Lane, Sligo, Ireland
- Centre for Precision Engineering, Materials and Manufacturing Research (PEM), Institute of Technology Sligo, Ash Lane, Sligo, Ireland
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Chen X, Li X, Chen D, Wang L. Study on the photoelectrical performance of anodized titanium sheets. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2021; 8:201778. [PMID: 33959339 PMCID: PMC8074931 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.201778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Anodization is a widely used method to obtain multicoloured oxidized titanium sheets. However, most researchers paid great attention to the colour-related properties instead of photoelectrical properties of titanium oxide film obtained by anodization. In this work, to study their photoelectrical properties, a series of multicoloured oxidized titanium sheets were prepared by anodization method, and UV-vis absorption and photocurrents were tested. The relationship between anodization voltages/anodization durations and photocurrents of titanium sheets was studied. Results show that titanium sheets have excellent photoelectrical performance. With the increase of anodization voltage, the number of UV-vis absorption peaks increased under visible light which means increasing absorption. When anodization duration increased, absorption band edge also increased in the visible light region, which means the band gap needed to produce charge transfer transition decreased. Under simulated sunlight and applied voltage of +0.4 V, photocurrent increased with the increase of either anodization voltage or anodization duration, and can be expressed by linear equations. In addition, anodization currents were recorded during anodization. Morphology, crystal structure and photoelectrical properties of anodized titanium sheets were characterized. The anodized titanium sheets can not only be used as decorative material in jewellery and architecture fields etc. but also are supposed to be used as photoelectrical catalyst in further work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangping Chen
- Jewelry Institute, Guangzhou Panyu Polytechnic, Guangzhou 511483, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, People's Republic of China
| | - Dedong Chen
- Jewelry Institute, Guangzhou Panyu Polytechnic, Guangzhou 511483, People's Republic of China
| | - Lishi Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, People's Republic of China
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9
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Zhu J, Jian Y, Long D, Wang H, Zeng Y, Li J, Xiao R, Pu S. Degradation of ammonia gas by Cu 2O/{001}TiO 2 and its mechanistic analysis. RSC Adv 2021; 11:3695-3702. [PMID: 35424286 PMCID: PMC8694158 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10431k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A heterogeneous composite catalyst Cu2O/{001}TiO2 was successfully prepared by the impregnation-reduction method. With ammonia as the target pollutant, the degradation performance and degradation mechanism analysis of the prepared composite catalyst were investigated, providing technology for the application of photocatalysis technology in ammonia treatment reference. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), specific surface area (BET), fluorescence spectrum (PL) and UV-visible absorption (UV-Vis). The results showed: compared with single {001}TiO2, the addition of Cu2O to form a composite catalyst can reduce the recombination of electron-hole pairs, resulting in increased absorption intensity in the visible light range, decreased band gap width, and finally improved the degradation performance. When the composite ratio is 1 : 10, the specific surface area is the largest, which is 72.51 m2 g-1, and the degradation rate of ammonia is also the highest maintained at 85%. After repeated use for 5 times, the degradation rate of ammonia decreases gradually due to the loss of catalyst and photo-corrosion. In the whole reaction process, surface adsorbed water and associated hydroxyl radical participate in the ammonia degradation reaction, and finally form free hydroxyl radical and NO3 -. It provides some theoretical support for ammonia gas treatment, which is of great significance to protect the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Zhu
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences Chongqing 402460 China .,Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Livestock Equipment Engineering in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture Chongqing 402460 China
| | - Yue Jian
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences Chongqing 402460 China .,Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Livestock Equipment Engineering in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture Chongqing 402460 China
| | - Dingbiao Long
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences Chongqing 402460 China .,Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Livestock Equipment Engineering in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture Chongqing 402460 China
| | - Hao Wang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences Chongqing 402460 China .,Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Livestock Equipment Engineering in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture Chongqing 402460 China
| | - Yaqiong Zeng
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences Chongqing 402460 China .,Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Livestock Equipment Engineering in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture Chongqing 402460 China
| | - Jigang Li
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences Chongqing 402460 China
| | - Rong Xiao
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences Chongqing 402460 China
| | - Shihua Pu
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences Chongqing 402460 China .,Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Livestock Equipment Engineering in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture Chongqing 402460 China
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On the Role of γ-Fe2O3 Nanoparticles and Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanosheets in Enhancing Self-Cleaning Properties of Composite TiO2 for Cultural Heritage Protection. COATINGS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings10100933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The durability of novel metallic artifacts and buildings is an open issue, and the role of smart protecting coatings in extending these artifacts’ lifetimes is crucial. In this paper, the role of γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets on enhancing the self-cleaning properties of composite TiO2 films and reducing metal alterations due to contact with acid rain and pollutants is investigated. The photocatalytic assessment of the TiO2 based films indicates that there are optimum contents for γ-Fe2O3 and rGO, which confer the film lower bandgap and tune the TiO2 anatase/rutile ratio. By adding a proper content of γ-Fe2O3, wettability is reduced both in dark and under illumination, which could be related to higher roughness. γ-Fe2O3 overloading causes increasing crack density and eventually a fully cracked structure. Adding an appropriate amount of rGO causes a sharp increase in roughness, due to the stacking of rGO nanosheets, while simultaneously avoiding cracking. At higher contents of rGO, wettability further decreases due to higher amounts of hydroxyl groups bound onto rGO; also in this case, overloading causes film cracking. Evaluation of self-cleaning performance and discoloration resistance under soiling and acid rain simulated tests demonstrates that proper loadings of γ-Fe2O3 and rGO present higher efficiency thanks to higher superhydrophilic tendency and higher photocatalytic activities, as well as an efficient barrier effect.
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Gopalan AI, Lee JC, Saianand G, Lee KP, Sonar P, Dharmarajan R, Hou YL, Ann KY, Kannan V, Kim WJ. Recent Progress in the Abatement of Hazardous Pollutants Using Photocatalytic TiO 2-Based Building Materials. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1854. [PMID: 32948034 PMCID: PMC7559443 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been extensively investigated in interdisciplinary research (such as catalysis, energy, environment, health, etc.) owing to its attractive physico-chemical properties, abundant nature, chemical/environmental stability, low-cost manufacturing, low toxicity, etc. Over time, TiO2-incorporated building/construction materials have been utilized for mitigating potential problems related to the environment and human health issues. However, there are challenges with regards to photocatalytic efficiency improvements, lab to industrial scaling up, and commercial product production. Several innovative approaches/strategies have been evolved towards TiO2 modification with the focus of improving its photocatalytic efficiency. Taking these aspects into consideration, research has focused on the utilization of many of these advanced TiO2 materials towards the development of construction materials such as concrete, mortar, pavements, paints, etc. This topical review focuses explicitly on capturing and highlighting research advancements in the last five years (mainly) (2014-2019) on the utilization of various modified TiO2 materials for the development of practical photocatalytic building materials (PBM). We briefly summarize the prospective applications of TiO2-based building materials (cement, mortar, concretes, paints, coating, etc.) with relevance to the removal of outdoor/indoor NOx and volatile organic compounds, self-cleaning of the surfaces, etc. As a concluding remark, we outline the challenges and make recommendations for the future outlook of further investigations and developments in this prosperous area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anantha-Iyengar Gopalan
- Daegyeong Regional Infrastructure Technology Development Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (A.-I.G.); (K.-P.L.)
| | - Jun-Cheol Lee
- Department of Architecture, Seowon University, Cheongju 28674, Korea;
| | - Gopalan Saianand
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia; (G.S.); (R.D.)
| | - Kwang-Pill Lee
- Daegyeong Regional Infrastructure Technology Development Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (A.-I.G.); (K.-P.L.)
| | - Prashant Sonar
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia;
- Centre for Material Science, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
| | - Rajarathnam Dharmarajan
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia; (G.S.); (R.D.)
| | - Yao-long Hou
- Department of Civil Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Ki-Yong Ann
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 1588, Korea;
| | | | - Wha-Jung Kim
- Daegyeong Regional Infrastructure Technology Development Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (A.-I.G.); (K.-P.L.)
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12
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NO x-Reduction Performance Test for TiO 2 Paint. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25184087. [PMID: 32906745 PMCID: PMC7571102 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In South Korea, the gradual increase in particulate matter generation has received significant attention from central and local governments. Exhaust gas, which contains nitrogen oxides (NOx), is one of the main sources of particulate matter. In this study, the reduction of NOx using a coating material mixed with a titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalyst was demonstrated. The NOx reduction performance of the TiO2 photocatalyst-infused coating was evaluated by applying the ISO 22197-1: 2007 standard. Subsequently, the performance was evaluated by changing the NO gas concentration and ultraviolet (UV)-A irradiance under standard experimental conditions. It was determined that NOx reduction can be achieved even if the NO gas concentration and UV-A irradiance are lower than those under the standard conditions when the TiO2 photocatalyst-infused coating was used. This study revealed that NOx reduction can be realized through TiO2 photocatalyst-infused coating in winter or cloudy days with a low solar altitude. It was also confirmed that compared with the UV-A irradiance, the NO gas concentration has a greater effect on the NOx reduction performance of the TiO2 photocatalyst-infused coating. These findings can be used to evaluate a variety of construction materials with TiO2 photocatalysts in the future.
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Vikrant K, Kim KH, Dong F, Giannakoudakis DA. Photocatalytic Platforms for Removal of Ammonia from Gaseous and Aqueous Matrixes: Status and Challenges. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Vikrant
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Fan Dong
- Research Center for Environmental and Energy Catalysis, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
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Chen XF, Kou SC. Sulfur Dioxide Degradation by Composite Photocatalysts Prepared by Recycled Fine Aggregates and Nanoscale Titanium Dioxide. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E1533. [PMID: 31671817 PMCID: PMC6915600 DOI: 10.3390/nano9111533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
To alleviate the heavy burden on landfilling, construction and demolition wastes (C&DWs) are recycled and reused as aggregates in cementitious materials. However, the inherent characteristics of recycled fine aggregates (RFA), such as the high crushing index and high-water absorption, magnify the reusing difficulty. Nevertheless, attributing to the high porosity and high level of calcium hydroxides existing in the old mortar, RFA is featured with a high specific surface area and a high alkalinity. These features are useful to augment the total photo-degradation of SO2 by nano-TiO2 (NT) intermixed mortar, leading RFA to be an excellent potential carrier to load nano-TiO2 and prepare the composite photocatalyst. Hence, this study proposed to load NT onto the surface of RFAs and river sands (RSs) (the control) by the soaking method, preparing composite photocatalysts denoted as NT@RFA and NT@RS, respectively. The prepared composite photocatalysts were then utilized as sands in photocatalytic mortar to evaluate for SO2 degradation. Experiments identified a 50% higher amount of NT was loaded onto the surface of FRA relative to the control. This higher loading amount plus higher alkalinity ultimately translated into a higher photocatalytic activity. In addition, the mortar containing NT@RFA exhibited 46.3% higher physiochemical absorption and 23.9% higher photocatalytic activity than that containing NT@RS. In addition, the durability, embodied by the reuse and anti-abrasive properties, of NT@RFA exceeded that of NT@RS. The overall findings reveal that the NT@RFA not only garners beneficial effect from the high porosity but also generates positive effect from the high alkalinity. Though a number of studies deal with building materials with NT, this study is the first to load NT onto RFA and prepare composite photocatalysts which were then used as fine aggregates in building materials. Consequently, this study proves the potential high-added-value reusability of RFA in green construction materials and provides a low-cost, high-efficiency approach to degrade atmospheric SO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Fei Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
- College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China.
| | - Shi-Cong Kou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
- College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China.
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Heterostructure Cu2O/(001)TiO2 Effected on Photocatalytic Degradation of Ammonia of Livestock Houses. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9030267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, a heterogeneous composite catalyst Cu2O/(001)TiO2 was prepared by the impregnation-reduction method. The crystal form, highly active facet content, morphology, optical properties, and the photogenerated electron-hole recombination rate of the as-prepared catalysts were investigated. The performance of Cu2O/(001)TiO2 was appraised by photocatalytic degradation of ammonia under sunlight and was compared with lone P25, Cu2O, and (001)TiO2 at the same reaction conditions. The results showed that 80% of the ammonia concentration (120 ± 3 ppm) was removed by Cu2O/(001)TiO2, which was a higher degradation rate than that of pure P25 (12%), Cu2O (12%), and (001)TiO2 (15%) during 120 min of reaction time. The reason may be due to the compound’s (Cu2O/(001)TiO2) highly active (001) facets content that increased by 8.2% and the band gap width decreasing by 1.02 eV. It was also found that the air flow impacts the photocatalytic degradation of ammonia. Therefore, learning how to maintain the degradation effect of Cu2O/(001)TiO2 with ammonia will be important in future practical applications.
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