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Zhao K, Xie W, Tang R, Chen T, Li L, Liang J, Sun L. TiO 2 Nanotube Arrays Inside Ultrafine Ti Tubes with an Aspect Ratio of 2500 for Sensing Needles: The Bubble Effect in a Confined Space. Small 2024:e2400891. [PMID: 38639019 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Capillary metal tubes have attracted considerable interest for flexible electronics, portable devices, trace sampling, and detection. Tailoring the microstructure and wettability inside the capillary tubes is of paramount importance, yet it presents great difficulty because of the spatial confinement. Here, the coupling effect is revealed between the fluidic and electric field induced by bubble motion in a confined space during anodic oxidation. By controlling the bubble regeneration and flow rate, uniform and superhydrophilic TiO2 nanotube arrays are developed throughout the inner surface of an ultrafine Ti tube with a diameter of 0.4 mm and length of 1000 mm, equivalent to an aspect ratio of 2500 that is the largest value being ever reported. The inner surface of a capillary tube is further coated with a polytetrafluoroethylene layer and explored as a sensing needle for liquid detection in terms of concentration and species. This study provides an innovative approach to tailor the microstructure and wettability in a confined space for functional capillary tubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiqi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Wei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Rong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Tengyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Jinlin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Lidong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
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2
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Roy A, Reddy Kolipyak S, Chatterjee K. Anodization as a scalable nanofabrication method to engineer mechanobactericidal nanostructures on complex geometries. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202400001. [PMID: 38403839 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial contamination of implant surfaces is one of the primary causes of their failure, and this threat has been further exacerbated due to the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria. Nanostructured mechanobactericidal surfaces that neutralize bacteria via biophysical forces instead of traditional biochemical routes have emerged as a potential remedy against this issue. Here, we report on the bactericidal activity of titania nanotubes (TNTs) prepared by anodization, a well-established and scalable method. We investigate the differences in bacterial behavior between three different topographies and demonstrate the applicability of this technique on complex three-dimensional (3D) geometries. It was found that the metabolic activity of bacteria on such surfaces was lower, indicative of disturbed intracellular processes. The differences in deformations of the cell wall of Gram-negative and positive bacteria were investigated from electron micrographs Finally, nanoindentation experiments show that the nanotubular topography was durable enough against forces typically experienced in daily life and had minimal deformation under forces exerted by bacteria. Our observations highlight the potential of the anodization technique for fabricating mechanobactericidal surfaces for implants, devices, surgical instruments, and other surfaces in a healthcare setting in a cheap, scalable way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindo Roy
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, CV Raman Road, Bengaluru, 560012, India
| | - Sravan Reddy Kolipyak
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, CV Raman Road, Bengaluru, 560012, India
| | - Kaushik Chatterjee
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, CV Raman Road, Bengaluru, 560012, India
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3
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Wang Y, Zhang M, Wu W, Wang Z, Liu M, Yang T, Renqianzhuoma. Wide Response Range Photoelectrochemical UV Detector Based on Anodized TiO 2-Nanotubes@Ti@quartz Structure. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2024; 14:439. [PMID: 38470770 DOI: 10.3390/nano14050439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Conventional sandwich structure photoelectrochemical UV detectors cannot detect UV light below 300 nm due to UV filtering problems. In this work, we propose to place the electron collector inside the active material, thus avoiding the effect of electrodes on light absorption. We obtained a TiO2-nanotubes@Ti@quartz photoanode structure by precise treatment of a commercial Ti mesh by anodic oxidation. The structure can absorb any light in the near-UV band and has superior stability to other metal electrodes. The final encapsulated photoelectrochemical UV detectors exhibit good switching characteristics with a response time below 100 ms. The mechanism of the oxidation conditions on the photovoltaic performance of the device was investigated by the electrochemical impedance method, and we obtained the optimal synthesis conditions. Response tests under continuous spectroscopy confirm that the response range of the device is extended from 300-400 nm to 240-400 nm. This idea of a built-in collector is an effective way to extend the response range of a photoelectrochemical detector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youqing Wang
- Research Center for Semiconductor Materials and Devices, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- Research Center for Semiconductor Materials and Devices, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Wenxuan Wu
- Research Center for Semiconductor Materials and Devices, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Ze Wang
- Research Center for Semiconductor Materials and Devices, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Minghui Liu
- Research Center for Semiconductor Materials and Devices, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Tiantian Yang
- Research Center for Semiconductor Materials and Devices, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Renqianzhuoma
- Research Center for Semiconductor Materials and Devices, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
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4
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Kozak M, Mazierski P, Żebrowska J, Klimczuk T, Lisowski W, Żak AM, Skowron PM, Zaleska-Medynska A. Detailed Insight into Photocatalytic Inactivation of Pathogenic Bacteria in the Presence of Visible-Light-Active Multicomponent Photocatalysts. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2024; 14:409. [PMID: 38470740 DOI: 10.3390/nano14050409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The use of heterogeneous photocatalysis in biologically contaminated water purification processes still requires the development of materials active in visible light, preferably in the form of thin films. Herein, we report nanotube structures made of TiO2/Ag2O/Au0, TiO2/Ag2O/PtOx, TiO2/Cu2O/Au0, and TiO2/Cu2O/PtOx obtained via one-step anodic oxidation of the titanium-based alloys (Ti94Ag5Au1, Ti94Cu5Pt1, Ti94Cu5Au1, and Ti94Ag5Pt1) possessing high visible light activity in the inactivation process of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus and other pathogenic bacteria-E. coli, Clostridium sp., and K. oxytoca. In the samples made from Ti-based alloys, metal/metal oxide nanoparticles were formed, which were located on the surface and inside the walls of the NTs. The obtained results showed that oxygen species produced at the surface of irradiated photocatalysts and the presence of copper and silver species in the photoactive layers both contributed to the inactivation of bacteria. Photocatalytic inactivation of E. coli, S. aureus, and Clostridium sp. was confirmed via TEM imaging of bacterium cell destruction and the detection of CO2 as a result of bacteria cell mineralization for the most active sample. These results suggest that the membrane ruptures as a result of the attack of active oxygen species, and then, both the membrane and the contents are mineralized to CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Kozak
- Department of Environmental Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Paweł Mazierski
- Department of Environmental Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Joanna Żebrowska
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Tomasz Klimczuk
- Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, Gdansk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Wojciech Lisowski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej M Żak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr M Skowron
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Adriana Zaleska-Medynska
- Department of Environmental Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
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5
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Park J, Tesler AB, Gongadze E, Iglič A, Schmuki P, Mazare A. Nanoscale Topography of Anodic TiO 2 Nanostructures Is Crucial for Cell-Surface Interactions. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:4430-4438. [PMID: 38232230 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Anodic titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanostructures, i.e., obtained by electrochemical anodization, have excellent control over the nanoscale morphology and have been extensively investigated in biomedical applications owing to their sub-100 nm nanoscale topography range and beneficial effects on biocompatibility and cell interactions. Herein, we obtain TiO2 nanopores (NPs) and nanotubes (NTs) with similar morphologies, namely, 15 nm diameter and 500 nm length, and investigate their characteristics and impact on stem cell adhesion. We show that the transition of TiO2 NPs to NTs occurs via a pore/wall splitting mechanism and the removal of the fluoride-rich layer. Furthermore, in contrast to the case of NPs, we observe increased cell adhesion and proliferation on nanotubes. The enhanced mesenchymal stem cell adhesion/proliferation seems to be related to a 3-fold increase in activated integrin clustering, as confirmed by immunogold labeling with β1 integrin antibody on the nanostructured layers. Moreover, computations of the electric field and surface charge density show increased values at the inner and outer sharp edges of the top surfaces of the NTs, which in turn can influence cell adhesion by increasing the bridging interactions mediated by proteins and molecules in the environment. Collectively, our results indicate that the nanoscale surface architecture of the lateral spacing topography can greatly influence stem cell adhesion on substrates for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Park
- Division of Molecular Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander B Tesler
- Department of Materials Science WW4-LKO, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ekaterina Gongadze
- Laboratory of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Tržaška 25, Ljubljana SI-1000, Slovenia
| | - Aleš Iglič
- Laboratory of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Tržaška 25, Ljubljana SI-1000, Slovenia
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov Trg 2, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Patrik Schmuki
- Department of Materials Science WW4-LKO, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University, Olomouc 779 00, Czech Republic
| | - Anca Mazare
- Department of Materials Science WW4-LKO, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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6
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Wu H, Ueno T, Nozaki K, Xu H, Nakano Y, Chen P, Wakabayashi N. Lithium-Modified TiO 2 Surface by Anodization for Enhanced Protein Adsorption and Cell Adhesion. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:55232-55243. [PMID: 38014813 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c06749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Promoting osseointegration is an essential step in improving implant success rates. Lithium has gradually gained popularity for promoting alkaline phosphatase activity and osteogenic gene expression in osteoblasts. The incorporation of lithium into a titanium surface has been reported to change its surface charge, thereby enhancing its biocompatibility. In this study, we applied anodization as a novel approach to immobilizing Li on a titanium surface and evaluated the changes in its surface characteristics. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of Li treatment of titanium on typical proteins, such as albumin, laminin, and fibronectin, in terms of their adsorption level as well as on the attachment of osteoblast cells. Titanium disks were acid-etched by 66 wt % H2SO4 at 120 °C for 90 s and set as the control group. The etched samples were placed in contact with an anode, while a platinum bar served as the counter electrode. Both electrodes were mounted on a custom electrochemical cell filled with 1 M LiCl. The samples were anodized at constant voltages of 1, 3, and 9 V. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) results showed no significant differences in the topography. However, the ζ potentials of the 3 V group were higher than those of the control group at a physiological pH of 7.4. Interestingly, the adsorption level of the extracellular matrix protein was mostly enhanced on the 3 V-anodized surface. The number of attached cells on the Li-anodized surfaces increased. The localization of vinculin at the tips of the stretching cytoplasmic projections was observed more frequently in the osteoblasts on the 3 V-anodized surface. Although the optimal concentration or voltage for Li application should be investigated further, this study suggests that anodization could be an effective method to immobilize lithium ions on a titanium surface and that modifying the surface charge characteristics enables a direct protein-to-material interaction with enhanced biological adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaze Wu
- Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ueno
- Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Kosuke Nozaki
- Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Huichuan Xu
- Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Yuki Nakano
- Anton Paar Japan K.K, Riverside Sumida Central Tower Palace, 1-19-9 Tsutsumidori, Sumida City 131-0034, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Peng Chen
- Division of Interdisciplinary Co-Creation (ICC-Division), Liaison Center for Innovative Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku 980-8575, Sendai, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Wakabayashi
- Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
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7
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Qasim F, Ashraf MW, Tayyaba S, Tariq MI, Herrera-May AL. Simulation, Fabrication and Microfiltration Using Dual Anodic Aluminum Oxide Membrane. Membranes (Basel) 2023; 13:825. [PMID: 37887997 PMCID: PMC10608613 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13100825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic devices have gained subsequent attention due to their controlled manipulation of fluid for various biomedical applications. These devices can be used to study the behavior of fluid under several micrometer ranges within the channel. The major applications are the filtration of fluid, blood filtration and bio-medical analysis. For the filtration of water, as well as other liquids, the micro-filtration based microfluidic devices are considered as potential candidates to fulfill the desired conditions and requirements. The micro pore membrane can be designed and fabricated in such a way that it maximizes the removal of impurities from fluid. The low-cost micro-filtration method has been reported to provide clean fluid for biomedical applications and other purposes. In the work, anodic-aluminum-oxide-based membranes have been fabricated with different pore sizes ranging from 70 to 500 nm. A soft computing technique like fuzzy logic has been used to estimate the filtration parameters. Then, the finite-element-based analysis system software has been used to study the fluid flow through the double membrane. Then, filtration is performed by using a dual membrane and the clogging of the membrane has been studied after different filtration cycles using characterization like a scanning electron microscope. The filtration has been done to purify the contaminated fluid which has impurities like bacteria and protozoans. The membranes have been tested after each cycle to verify the results. The decrease in permeance with respect to the increase in the velocity of the fluid and the permeate volume per unit clearly depicts the removal of containments from the fluid after four and eight cycles of filtration. The results clearly show that the filtration efficiency can be improved by increasing the number of cycles and adding a dual membrane in the micro-fluidic device. The results show the potential of dual anodic aluminum oxide membranes for the effective filtration of fluids for biomedical applications, thereby offering a promising solution to address current challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faheem Qasim
- Department of Electronics, Institute of Physics, GC University Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Waseem Ashraf
- Department of Electronics, Institute of Physics, GC University Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Shahzadi Tayyaba
- Department of Information Sciences, Division of Science and Technology, Township Campus, University of Education, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Imran Tariq
- Department of Computer Science, Superior University Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Agustín L. Herrera-May
- Micro and Nanotechnology Research Center, Universidad Veracruzana, Boca del Río 94294, Veracruz, Mexico;
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Moridon SNF, Arifin K, Mohamed MA, Minggu LJ, Mohamad Yunus R, Kassim MB. TiO 2 Nanotubes Decorated with Mo 2C for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water-Splitting Properties. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:6261. [PMID: 37763538 PMCID: PMC10532882 DOI: 10.3390/ma16186261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
The presence of Ti3+ in the structure of TiO2 nanotube arrays (NTs) has been shown to enhance the photoelectrochemical (PEC) water-splitting performance of these NTs, leading to improved results compared to pristine anatase TiO2 NTs. To further improve the properties related to PEC performance, we successfully produced TiO2 NTs using a two-step electrochemical anodization technique, followed by annealing at a temperature of 450 °C. Subsequently, Mo2C was decorated onto the NTs by dip coating them with precursors at varying concentrations and times. The presence of anatase TiO2 and Ti3O5 phases within the TiO2 NTs was confirmed through X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The TiO2 NTs that were decorated with Mo2C demonstrated a photocurrent density of approximately 1.4 mA cm-2, a value that is approximately five times greater than the photocurrent density exhibited by the bare TiO2 NTs, which was approximately 0.21 mA cm-2. The observed increase in photocurrent density can be ascribed to the incorporation of Mo2C as a cocatalyst, which significantly enhances the photocatalytic characteristics of the TiO2 NTs. The successful deposition of Mo2C onto the TiO2 NTs was further corroborated by the characterization techniques utilized. The utilization of field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) allowed for the observation of Mo2C particles on the surface of TiO2 NTs. To validate the composition and optical characteristics of the decorated NTs, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and UV absorbance analysis were performed. This study introduces a potentially effective method for developing efficient photoelectrodes based on TiO2 for environmentally sustainable hydrogen production through the use of photoelectrochemical water-splitting devices. The utilization of Mo2C as a cocatalyst on TiO2 NTs presents opportunities for the advancement of effective and environmentally friendly photoelectrochemical (PEC) systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Khuzaimah Arifin
- Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Azuwa Mohamed
- Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Lorna Jeffery Minggu
- Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rozan Mohamad Yunus
- Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad B. Kassim
- Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
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Traver-Méndez V, Camps-Font O, Ventura F, Nicolau-Sansó MA, Subirà-Pifarré C, Figueiredo R, Valmaseda-Castellón E. In Vitro Characterization of an Anodized Surface of a Dental Implant Collar and Dental Abutment on Peri-Implant Cellular Response. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:6012. [PMID: 37687706 PMCID: PMC10489139 DOI: 10.3390/ma16176012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this paper was to determine the effect of anodization on the in vitro proliferation and adhesion of immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCats) and mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) in Titanium Grade 23 (Ti6Al4V ELI) discs and to describe the surface topography, roughness, and composition of dental implants (body and collar) and abutments submitted to an area-specific anodization process. HaCat cells and BM-MSCs were seeded onto discs with three different surface treatments: machined, area-specific anodization for abutments, and area-specific anodization for implant collars. Cell proliferation was assessed using a resazurin-based fluorescent dye on days 1, 3, and 7, while cell adhesion was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Surface topography, roughness, and composition were evaluated for six implant bodies with an anodized rough surface, six anodized implant smooth collars, and six anodized prosthetic abutments. Both HaCats and BM-MSCs showed increased viability over time (p < 0.001) with no statistically significant differences among the different surfaces (p = 0.447 HaCats and p = 0.631 BM-MSCs). SEM analysis revealed an enhanced presence and adhesion of HaCat cells on the anodized surface for the implant collars and an increased adhesion of BM-MSCs on both the anodized and machined surface abutments. The topography characteristics of the treated implants and abutments varied depending on the specific implant region. Chemical analysis confirmed the presence of oxygen, calcium, phosphorus, and sodium on the anodized surfaces. The area-specific anodization process can be utilized to create variable topography, increase the specific surface area, and introduce oxygen, calcium, phosphorus, and sodium to dental implants and abutments. While BM-MSCs and HaCat cells showed similar adhesion and proliferation on anodized and machined surfaces, a positive interaction between anodized Ti6Al4V ELI surfaces and these two cell lines present in the peri-implant mucosa was observed. Due to the limitations of the present study, further research is necessary to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Traver-Méndez
- Oral Surgery and Implantology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain; (V.T.-M.); (R.F.); (E.V.-C.)
| | - Octavi Camps-Font
- Oral Surgery and Implantology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain; (V.T.-M.); (R.F.); (E.V.-C.)
- IDIBELL Institute, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
| | - Francesc Ventura
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Miquel Angel Nicolau-Sansó
- Adult Comprehensive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Carles Subirà-Pifarré
- IDIBELL Institute, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
- Adult Comprehensive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Rui Figueiredo
- Oral Surgery and Implantology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain; (V.T.-M.); (R.F.); (E.V.-C.)
- IDIBELL Institute, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
| | - Eduard Valmaseda-Castellón
- Oral Surgery and Implantology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain; (V.T.-M.); (R.F.); (E.V.-C.)
- IDIBELL Institute, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
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10
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Osada Y, Yanagishita T. Effects of anodization conditions of stainless steel on the formation of ordered nanoporous structures with high aspect ratios. Nanotechnology 2023; 34:465601. [PMID: 37567165 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/acef2a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The nanoporous structures obtained by the anodization of stainless steel are functional materials with various potential applications. It has been reported that nanoporous structures can be prepared by the anodization of stainless steel in an electrolyte containing fluoride ions. However, under the reported anodization conditions, the control range of the interpore distance of resulting nanoporous structures was narrow. To expand the application fields of the nanoporous structures obtained by the anodization of stainless steel, it is an important challenge to determine the anodization conditions that can control the interpore distance of nanoporous structures over a wide range. In this study, we investigated the effects of the electrolyte composition on the anodization behavior of stainless steel and the interpore distance of the resulting nanoporous structure. As a result, we found that the maximum voltage for the stable anodization of stainless steel increases when a mixture of ethylene glycol and glycerol containing NH4F is used as the electrolyte. Since the interpore distance of nanoporous structures obtained by the anodization of stainless steel is proportional to the anodization voltage, as the voltage range over which stainless steel can be anodized increased, the range of interpore distances of the nanoporous structures obtained also increased. On the basis of these results, ordered nanoporous structures with a large interpore distance (100 nm), which could not be obtained under the previously reported anodization conditions, were fabricated by the anodization of a stainless steel substrate with a depression pattern formed by Ar ion milling using an alumina mask under optimized anodization conditions. The resulting ordered nanoporous structures with controlled interpore distances are expected to be used in various devices such as capacitors and photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuga Osada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minamiosawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Takashi Yanagishita
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minamiosawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
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11
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Kuznetsova I, Lebedeva O, Kultin D, Perova N, Kalmykov K, Chernavskii P, Perov N, Kustov L. Is a 2D Nanostructured Surface Capable of Changing the Corrosion and Magnetic Properties of an Amorphous Alloy? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13373. [PMID: 37686187 PMCID: PMC10488001 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, an attempt was made to reveal and explain the influence of the process of formation of 2D nanostructures at the surface of an amorphous alloy (an alloy with the composition Co75Si15Fe5Cr4.5Al0.5 (in at.%) was used for this purpose) on the corrosion and magnetic properties of such an alloy. Two-dimensional nanostructures (nanocells of 100-150 nm in size, which were obtained by anodizing the initial sample in an ionic liquid) are essentially a pattern on the surface of the sample, and they cannot completely cover and block the surface from external effects. It was postulated that the presence of these nanostructures during corrosion and magnetic tests has no significant effect. However, a noticeable inhibition effect was observed during corrosion tests and a less noticeable (but still detectable) effect was observed during magnetic tests. The authors believe that the effect obtained, with a detailed study, can be used to increase the corrosion resistance and to improve the properties of traditional magnetic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Kuznetsova
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (I.K.); (D.K.); (K.K.); (P.C.)
| | - Olga Lebedeva
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (I.K.); (D.K.); (K.K.); (P.C.)
| | - Dmitry Kultin
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (I.K.); (D.K.); (K.K.); (P.C.)
| | - Natalia Perova
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (N.P.); (N.P.)
| | - Konstantin Kalmykov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (I.K.); (D.K.); (K.K.); (P.C.)
| | - Petr Chernavskii
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (I.K.); (D.K.); (K.K.); (P.C.)
| | - Nikolai Perov
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (N.P.); (N.P.)
| | - Leonid Kustov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (I.K.); (D.K.); (K.K.); (P.C.)
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Ecology and Engineering, National Science and Technology University “MISiS”, Leninsky Prospect 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia
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12
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Stróż A, Gawlikowski M, Balin K, Osak P, Kubisztal J, Zubko M, Maszybrocka J, Dudek K, Łosiewicz B. Biological Activity and Thrombogenic Properties of Oxide Nanotubes on the Ti-13Nb-13Zr Biomedical Alloy. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:375. [PMID: 37504870 PMCID: PMC10382023 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14070375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The success of implant treatment is dependent on the osseointegration of the implant. The main goal of this work was to improve the biofunctionality of the Ti-13Nb-13Zr implant alloy by the production of oxide nanotubes (ONTs) layers for better anchoring in the bone and use as an intelligent carrier in drug delivery systems. Anodization of the Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy was carried out in 0.5% HF, 1 M (NH4)2SO4 + 2% NH4F, and 1 M ethylene glycol + 4 wt.% NH4F electrolytes. Physicochemical characteristics of ONTs were performed by high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning Kelvin probe (SKP). Water contact angle studies were conducted using the sitting airdrop method. In vitro biological properties and release kinetics of ibuprofen were investigated. The results of TEM and XPS studies confirmed the formation of the single-walled ONTs of three generations on the bi-phase (α + β) Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy. The ONTs were composed of oxides of the alloying elements. The proposed surface modification method ensured good hemolytic properties, no cytotoxity for L-929 mouse cells, good adhesion, increased surface wettability, and improved athrombogenic properties of the Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy. Nanotubular surfaces allowed ibuprofen to be released from the polymer matrix according to the Gallagher-Corrigan model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Stróż
- Institute of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland
| | - Maciej Gawlikowski
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 40 Roosevelt, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- Artificial Heart Laboratory, Professor Zbigniew Religa Foundation of Cardiac Surgery Development, 345a Wolności, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Balin
- August Chełkowski Institute of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland
| | - Patrycja Osak
- Institute of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland
| | - Julian Kubisztal
- Institute of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland
| | - Maciej Zubko
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Joanna Maszybrocka
- Institute of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland
| | - Karolina Dudek
- Institute of Ceramics and Building Materials, Refractory Materials Center, Łukasiewicz Research Network, Toszecka 99, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Bożena Łosiewicz
- Institute of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland
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13
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Konatu RT, Domingues DD, França R, Alves APR. XPS Characterization of TiO 2 Nanotubes Growth on the Surface of the Ti15Zr15Mo Alloy for Biomedical Applications. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:353. [PMID: 37504848 PMCID: PMC10381681 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14070353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ti15Zr15Mo (TMZ alloy) has been studied in recent years for biomedical applications, mainly due to phase beta formation. From the surface modification, it is possible to associate the volume and surface properties with a better biomedical response. This study aimed to evaluate the possibility of using anodization to obtain TiO2 nanotubes due to the presence of valve-type metal (Zr) in their composition. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was performed to determine the surface chemical composition in both after-processing conditions (passive layer) and after-processing plus anodization (TiO2 nanotube growth). The anodization resulted in nanotubes with diameters and thicknesses of 126 ± 35 and 1294 ± 193 nm, respectively, and predominated anatase phase. Compared to the passive layer of titanium, which is less than ~10 nm, the oxide layer formed was continuous and thicker. High-resolution spectra revealed that the oxide layer of the element alloys contained different oxidation states. The major phase in all depths for the nanotube samples was TiO2. While the stable form of each oxide was found to predominate on the surface, the inner part of the oxide layer consisted of suboxides and metallic forms. This composition included different oxidation states of the substrate elements Ti, Zr, and Mo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reginaldo Toshihiro Konatu
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Guaratingueta Campus, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Guaratinguetá 12516-410, Brazil
| | - Danielle Duque Domingues
- School of Engineering, Ilha Solteira Campus, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo 15385-000, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo França
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E0W2, Canada
| | - Ana Paula Rosifini Alves
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Guaratingueta Campus, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Guaratinguetá 12516-410, Brazil
- School of Engineering, Ilha Solteira Campus, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo 15385-000, Brazil
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14
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Chung CK, Ku CA. An Effective Resistive-Type Alcohol Vapor Sensor Using One-Step Facile Nanoporous Anodic Alumina. Micromachines (Basel) 2023; 14:1330. [PMID: 37512643 PMCID: PMC10384929 DOI: 10.3390/mi14071330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
With the increases in work environment regulations restricting alcohol to 1000 ppm, and in drink-driving laws, testing for alcohol with a simple method is a crucial issue. Conventional alcohol sensors based on sulfide, metal oxide, boron nitride or graphene oxide have a detection limit in the range of 50-1000 ppm but have disadvantages of complicated manufacture and longer processing times. A recent portable alcohol meter based on semiconductor material using conductivity or chemistry measurements still has the problem of a complex and lengthy manufacturing process. In this paper, a simple and effective resistive-type alcohol vapor sensor using one-step anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) is proposed. The nanoporous AAO was produced in one-step by anodizing low-purity AA1050 at room temperature of 25 °C, which overcame the traditional high-cost and lengthy process at low temperature of anodization and etching from high-purity aluminum. The highly specific surface area of AAO has benefits for good sensing performance, especially as a humidity or alcohol vapor sensor. With the resistance measurement method, alcohol vapor concentration of 0, 100, 300, 500, 700 and 1000 ppm correspond to mean resistances of 8524 Ω, 8672 Ω, 9121 Ω, 9568 Ω, 10,243 Ω, and 11,045 Ω, respectively, in a linear relationship. Compared with other materials for detecting alcohol vapor, the AAO resistive sensor has advantages of fast and simple manufacturing with good detection limits for practical applications. The resistive-type alcohol vapor-sensing mechanism is described with respect to the resistivity of the test substance and the pore morphology of AAO. In a human breath test, the AAO sensor can quickly distinguish whether the subject is drinking, with normal breath response of -30% to -40% and -20% to -30% response after drinking 50 mL of wine of 25% alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Kuei Chung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Chin-An Ku
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
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15
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Olkowicz K, Kowalczyk K, Buczko Z, Czwartos J, Nasiłowska B. Durability and Additional Properties of Anodized Aluminum-Based Coatings with Different Wettability under Natural Conditions. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:ma16103729. [PMID: 37241356 DOI: 10.3390/ma16103729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to test the durability of coatings under natural conditions. The present study focused on the changes in wettability and additional properties of the coatings under natural conditions. The specimens were subjected to outdoor exposure and additionally immersed in the pond. Impregnating porous anodized aluminum is a popular production method for hydrophobic and superhydrophobic surfaces. However, prolonged exposure of such coatings to natural conditions causes leaching of the impregnate and, thus, the loss of hydrophobic properties. After the loss of hydrophobic properties, all kinds of impurities and fouling adhere better to the porous structure. Additionally, deterioration of anti-icing and anti-corrosion properties was observed. Finally, the self-cleaning, anti-fouling, anti-icing and anti-corrosion properties were comparable or even worse to those of the hydrophilic coating. In the case of superhydrophobic specimens, during outdoor exposure there was no loss of superhydrophobicity, self-cleaning and anti-corrosion properties. Still, despite this, the icing delay time dropped. During outdoor exposure, the structure, which initially had anti-icing properties, may degrade. Nevertheless, the hierarchical structure responsible for the superhydrophobic effect can still be preserved. The superhydrophobic coating initially had the best anti-fouling properties. However, the coating was also gradually losing its superhydrophobic properties during water immersion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Olkowicz
- Aircraft Airworthiness Division, Air Force Institute of Technology, 01-494 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kamil Kowalczyk
- Aircraft Airworthiness Division, Air Force Institute of Technology, 01-494 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zofia Buczko
- Łukasiewicz-Warsaw Institute of Technologies, 02-673 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Czwartos
- Institute of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Nasiłowska
- Institute of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland
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16
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Zhao S, Zhang Y, Li J, Qi L, Tang Y, Zhu J, Zhi J, Huang F. A Heteroanionic Zinc Ion Conductor for Dendrite-Free Zn Metal Anodes. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2300195. [PMID: 36813539 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Although zinc-based batteries are promising candidates for eco-friendly and cost-effective energy storage devices, their performance is severely retarded by dendrite formation. As the simplest zinc compounds, zinc chalcogenides, and halides are individually applied as a Zn protection layer due to high zinc ion conductivity. However, the mixed-anion compounds are not studied, which constrains the Zn2+ diffusion in single-anion lattices to their own limits. A heteroanionic zinc ion conductor (Zny O1- x Fx ) coating layer is designed by in situ growth method with tunable F content and thickness. Strengthened by F aliovalent doping, the Zn2+ conductivity is enhanced within the wurtzite motif for rapid lattice Zn migration. Zny O1- x Fx also affords zincophilic sites for oriented superficial Zn plating to suppress dendrite growth. Therefore, Zny O1- x Fx -coated anode exhibits a low overpotential of 20.4 mV for 1000 h cycle life at a plating capacity of 1.0 mA h cm-2 during symmetrical cell test. The MnO2 //Zn full battery further proves high stability of 169.7 mA h g-1 for 1000 cycles. This work may enlighten the mixed-anion tuning for high-performance Zn-based energy storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yujing Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jidao Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Limin Qi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yuxin Tang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Jia Zhu
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhi
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
| | - Fuqiang Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
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17
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Ali A, Chowdhury S, Carr MA, Janorkar AV, Marquart M, Griggs JA, Bumgardner JD, Roach MD. Antibacterial and biocompatible polyaniline-doped titanium oxide layers. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2023; 111:1100-1111. [PMID: 36585829 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Titanium anodization has been shown to produce crystalline oxides exhibiting photocatalytic reactions that form reactive oxygen species (ROS) when exposed to UV light. The ROS subsequently attack bacteria cells, and thus reduce bacteria attachment on titanium implant surfaces. Polyaniline (PANI) is a conductive polymer that has shown antibacterial properties when electropolymerized onto titanium. Our research group hypothesized the addition of PANI to crystalline titanium oxide surfaces would increase the available free electrons and thus increase photocatalytic activity (PCA). This research led to the development of a novel single-step anodization approach for PANI doping crystalline titanium oxide layers. The objective of the present study was to determine the proper aniline electrolyte concentration needed to maximize the PCA and reduce bacterial attachment on the formed oxides. Aniline concentrations up to 1 M were added into a 1 M sulfuric acid electrolyte. The formed oxides exhibited increased PANI surface coverage but decreased anatase and rutile crystalline titanium oxide phase formation with increasing aniline electrolyte concentrations. Despite exhibiting the lowest levels of anatase and rutile formation, the 0.75 M and 1 M aniline oxides with the greatest PANI surface coverage also exhibited the highest PCA levels. 1 M aniline oxides showed significantly higher PCA under UVA irradiation compared to oxides formed from aniline concentrations up to 0.5 M (p < 0.001). 0.75 M aniline oxides exhibited significant reductions in Staphylococcus aureus attachment with or without UVA irradiation compared to control oxides without PANI. MTT and live/dead assays confirmed cytocompatibility and nearly 100% cell viability for the PANI doped oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Ali
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Sheetal Chowdhury
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Mary A Carr
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Amol V Janorkar
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Mary Marquart
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Jason A Griggs
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Joel D Bumgardner
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Michael D Roach
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
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18
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Hsieh KH, Hsu HC, Wu SC, Shih YC, Yang HW, Ho WF. Effect of Hydrothermal and Vapor Thermal Treatments on Apatite Inductivity of Titanate Nanotubes on Anodized Ti-5Nb-5Mo Surface. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:1296. [PMID: 37110880 PMCID: PMC10140902 DOI: 10.3390/nano13081296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Although titanium (Ti) alloys have been widely employed as biomedical materials, they cannot achieve satisfactory osseointegration when implanted in the human body due to their biologically inert nature. Surface modification can enhance both their bioactivity and corrosion resistance. The present study employed a Ti-5Nb-5Mo alloy with a metastable α″ phase. This alloy may undergo phase changes after conventional high-temperature heat treatment, which can deteriorate its properties. This study heat-treated the anodized Ti-5Nb-5Mo alloy by using a low-temperature hydrothermal or vapor thermal method to analyze the effects of heat treatment on its apatite induction. The results revealed that the porous nanotube structure on the surface of the alloy was transformed into anatase nanoparticles after hydrothermal or vapor thermal treatment at 150 °C for 6 h. After immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 7 days, the amount of apatite deposited on the surface of the vapor thermal-treated alloy exceeded that on the hydrothermal-treated alloy. Therefore, post-heat treatment of anodized Ti-5Nb-5Mo by using the vapor thermal method can enhance its apatite inductivity without altering its structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Hsiang Hsieh
- Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopaedics, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81342, Taiwan;
| | - Hsueh-Chuan Hsu
- Department of Dental Technology and Materials Science, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung 40601, Taiwan; (H.-C.H.); (S.-C.W.)
| | - Shih-Ching Wu
- Department of Dental Technology and Materials Science, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung 40601, Taiwan; (H.-C.H.); (S.-C.W.)
| | - Yi-Cheng Shih
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Wei Yang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Fu Ho
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan
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19
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Michalska-Domańska M, Prabucka K, Czerwiński M. Modification of Anodic Titanium Oxide Bandgap Energy by Incorporation of Tungsten, Molybdenum, and Manganese In Situ during Anodization. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:2707. [PMID: 37048998 PMCID: PMC10095768 DOI: 10.3390/ma16072707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In this research, we attempted to modify the bandgap of anodic titanium oxide by in situ incorporation of selected elements into the anodic titanium oxide during the titanium anodization process. The main aim of this research was to obtain photoactivity of anodic titanium oxide over a broader sunlight wavelength. The incorporation of the selected elements into the anodic titanium oxide was proved. It was shown that the bandgap values of anodic titanium oxides made at 60 V are in the visible region of sunlight. The smallest bandgap value was obtained for anodic titanium oxide modified by manganese, at 2.55 eV, which corresponds to a wavelength of 486.89 nm and blue color. Moreover, it was found that the pH of the electrolyte significantly affects the thickness of the anodic titanium oxide layer. The production of barrier oxides during the anodizing process with properties similar to coatings made by nitriding processes is reported for the first time.
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20
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Abstract
Poor osseointegration and infection are among the major challenges of 316L stainless steel (SS) implants in orthopedic applications. Surface modifications to obtain a nanostructured topography seem to be a promising method to enhance cellular interactions of 316L SS implants. In this study, arrays of nanodimples (NDs) having controlled feature sizes between 25 and 250 nm were obtained on 316L SS surfaces by anodic oxidation (anodization). Results demonstrated that the fabrication of NDs increased the surface area and, at the same time, altered the surface chemistry of 316L SS to provide chromium oxide- and hydroxide-rich surface oxide layers. In vitro experiments showed that ND surfaces promoted up to a 68% higher osteoblast viability on the fifth day of culture. Immunofluorescence images confirmed a well-spread cytoskeleton organization on the ND surfaces. In addition, higher alkaline phosphate activity and calcium mineral synthesis were observed on the ND surfaces compared to non-anodized 316L SS. Furthermore, a 71% reduction in Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and a 58% reduction in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) colonies were observed on the ND surfaces having a 200 nm feature size compared to non-anodized surfaces at 24 h of culture. Cumulatively, the results showed that a ND surface topography fabricated on 316L SS via anodization upregulated the osteoblast viability and functions while preventing S. aureus and P. aeruginosa biofilm synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasar
Kemal Erdogan
- Biomedical
Engineering Program, Middle East Technical
University, Ankara 06800, Turkey,Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Isparta University
of Applied Science, Isparta 32260, Turkey
| | - Batur Ercan
- Biomedical
Engineering Program, Middle East Technical
University, Ankara 06800, Turkey,Department
of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey,BIOMATEN,
METU Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Ankara 06800, Turkey,. Phone: +90 (312) 210-2513
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21
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Pligovka A, Lazavenka A, Turavets U, Hoha A, Salerno M. Two-Level 3D Column-like Nanofilms with Hexagonally-Packed Tantalum Fabricated via Anodizing of Al/Nb and Al/Ta Layers-A Potential Nano-Optical Biosensor. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:993. [PMID: 36770000 PMCID: PMC9918218 DOI: 10.3390/ma16030993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Reanodizing metal underlayers through porous anodic alumina has already been used extensively to fabricate ordered columns of different metal oxides. Here, we present similar 3D multilayered nanostructures with unprecedented complexity. Two-level 3D column-like nanofilms have been synthesized by anodizing an Al/Nb metal layer in aqueous oxalic acid for forming the first level, and an Al/Ta layer in aqueous tartaric acid for forming the second level of the structure. Both levels were then reanodized in aqueous boric acid. The Ta layer deposited on partially dissolved porous anodic alumina of the first level, with protruding tops of niobia columns, acquired a unique hexagonally-packed structure. The morphology of the first and second levels was determined using scanning electron microscopy. Prolonged etching for 24 h in a 50%wt aqueous phosphoric acid was used to remove the porous anodic alumina. The formation mechanism of aluminum phosphates on the second-level columns in the process of long-time cold etching is considered. The model for the growth of columns on a Ta hexagonally-packed structure of the second level is proposed and described. The described approach can be applied to create 3D two- or three-level column-like systems from various valve metals (Ta, Nb, W, Hf, V, Ti), their combinations and alloys, with adjustable column sizes and scaling. The results of optical simulation show a high sensitivity of two-level column-like 3D nanofilms to biomedical objects and liquids. Among potential applications of these two-level column-like 3D nanofilms are photonic crystals for full-color displays, chemical sensors and biosensor, solar cells and thermoresponsive shape memory polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Pligovka
- Research and Development Laboratory 4.10 “Nanotechnologies”, Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics, 6 P. Brovki Str., 220013 Minsk, Belarus
- Department of Micro- and Nanoelectronics, Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics, 6 P. Brovki Str., 220013 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Andrei Lazavenka
- Research and Development Laboratory 4.10 “Nanotechnologies”, Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics, 6 P. Brovki Str., 220013 Minsk, Belarus
- Department of Micro- and Nanoelectronics, Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics, 6 P. Brovki Str., 220013 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Ulyana Turavets
- Research and Development Laboratory 4.10 “Nanotechnologies”, Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics, 6 P. Brovki Str., 220013 Minsk, Belarus
- Department of Micro- and Nanoelectronics, Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics, 6 P. Brovki Str., 220013 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Alexander Hoha
- Research and Development Laboratory 4.10 “Nanotechnologies”, Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics, 6 P. Brovki Str., 220013 Minsk, Belarus
- Department of Micro- and Nanoelectronics, Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics, 6 P. Brovki Str., 220013 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Marco Salerno
- Institute for Globally Distributed Open Research and Education (IGDORE), Institute for Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, 27 Budapester Str., 010169 Dresden, Germany
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22
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Jeong C, Jung J, Sheppard K, Choi CH. Control of the Nanopore Architecture of Anodic Alumina via Stepwise Anodization with Voltage Modulation and Pore Widening. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:342. [PMID: 36678095 PMCID: PMC9863362 DOI: 10.3390/nano13020342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Control of the morphology and hierarchy of the nanopore structures of anodic alumina is investigated by employing stepwise anodizing processes, alternating the two different anodizing modes, including mild anodization (MA) and hard anodization (HA), which are further mediated by a pore-widening (PW) step in between. For the experiment, the MA and HA are applied at the anodizing voltages of 40 and 100 V, respectively, in 0.3 M oxalic acid, at 1 °C, for fixed durations (30 min for MA and 0.5 min for HA), while the intermediate PW is applied in 0.1 M phosphoric acid at 30 °C for different durations. In particular, to examine the effects of the anodizing sequence and the PW time on the morphology and hierarchy of the nanopore structures formed, the stepwise anodization is conducted in two different ways: one with no PW step, such as MA→HA and HA→MA, and the other with the timed PW in between, such as MA→PW→MA, MA→PW→HA, HA→PW→HA, and HA→PW→MA. The results show that both the sequence of the voltage-modulated anodizing modes and the application of the intermediate PW step led to unique three-dimensional morphology and hierarchy of the nanopore structures of the anodic alumina beyond the conventional two-dimensional cylindrical pore geometry. It suggests that the stepwise anodizing process regulated by the sequence of the anodizing modes and the intermediate PW step can allow the design and fabrication of various types of nanopore structures, which can broaden the applications of the nanoporous anodic alumina with greater efficacy and versatility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanyoung Jeong
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
| | - Jeki Jung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
| | - Keith Sheppard
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
| | - Chang-Hwan Choi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
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23
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Hlinka J, Dostalova K, Cabanova K, Madeja R, Frydrysek K, Koutecky J, Rybkova Z, Malachova K, Umezawa O. Electrochemical, Biological, and Technological Properties of Anodized Titanium for Color Coded Implants. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:632. [PMID: 36676374 PMCID: PMC9866561 DOI: 10.3390/ma16020632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Anodization coloring of titanium tools or implants is one of the common methods for the differentiation of each application by its size or type. Commercial purity titanium grade 4 plates (50 × 20 × 0.1 mm) were tested to obtain their electrochemical and other technological properties. The coloring process was done using the potential of 15, 30, 45, 60, and 75 Volts for 5 s in 1 wt. % citric acid in demineralized water solution. Organic acids solutions generally produce better surface quality compared to inorganic acids. The contact angle of colored surfaces was measured by the sessile drop method. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization were used for the determination of selected electrochemical and corrosion parameters of the tested surfaces. It was found that the anodization process decreases corrosion potential significantly. It was also confirmed that a higher potential used for anodization results in higher polarization resistance but also a decrease in corrosion potential. The anodization process at 75 V produces surfaces with the lowest corrosion rate under 1 nm/year and the noblest corrosion potential. It was confirmed that the anodization process in citric acid does not affect titanium cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Hlinka
- Faculty of Materials and Technology, Department of Materials Engineering, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Centre for Advanced Innovation Technologies, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Kamila Dostalova
- Centre for Advanced Innovation Technologies, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Kristina Cabanova
- Centre for Advanced Innovation Technologies, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Madeja
- Trauma Center, University Hospital Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 1790, 708 52 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Frydrysek
- Institute of Emergency Medicine, University of Ostrava, Syllabova 19, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Koutecky
- Medin a.s., Vlachovicka 619, 592 31 Nove Mesto na Morave, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Rybkova
- Institute of Emergency Medicine, University of Ostrava, Syllabova 19, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Malachova
- Institute of Emergency Medicine, University of Ostrava, Syllabova 19, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Osamu Umezawa
- Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogoaya, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
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24
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Sacco LN, Vollebregt S. Overview of Engineering Carbon Nanomaterials Such As Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs), Carbon Nanofibers (CNFs), Graphene and Nanodiamonds and Other Carbon Allotropes inside Porous Anodic Alumina (PAA) Templates. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:260. [PMID: 36678014 PMCID: PMC9861583 DOI: 10.3390/nano13020260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication and design of carbon-based hierarchical structures with tailored nano-architectures have attracted the enormous attention of the materials science community due to their exceptional chemical and physical properties. The collective control of nano-objects, in terms of their dimensionality, orientation and size, is of paramount importance to expand the implementation of carbon nanomaterials across a large variety of applications. In this context, porous anodic alumina (PAA) has become an attractive template where the pore morphologies can be straightforwardly modulated. The synthesis of diverse carbon nanomaterials can be performed using PAA templates, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon nanofibers (CNFs), and nanodiamonds, or can act as support for other carbon allotropes such as graphene and other carbon nanoforms. However, the successful growth of carbon nanomaterials within ordered PAA templates typically requires a series of stages involving the template fabrication, nanostructure growth and finally an etching or electrode metallization steps, which all encounter different challenges towards a nanodevice fabrication. The present review article describes the advantages and challenges associated with the fabrication of carbon materials in PAA based materials and aims to give a renewed momentum to this topic within the materials science community by providing an exhaustive overview of the current synthesis approaches and the most relevant applications based on PAA/Carbon nanostructures materials. Finally, the perspective and opportunities in the field are presented.
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25
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Krajczewski J, Ambroziak R, Turczyniak-Surdacka S, Dziubałtowska M. WO 3 Nanopores Array Modified by Au Trisoctahedral NPs: Formation, Characterization and SERS Application. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:8706. [PMID: 36500201 PMCID: PMC9738722 DOI: 10.3390/ma15238706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The WO3 nanopores array was obtained by an anodization method in aqueous solution with addition of F- ions. Several factors affecting the final morphology of the samples were tested such as potential, time, and F- concentrations. The morphology of the formed nanopores arrays was examined by SEM microscopy. It was found that the optimal time of anodization process is in the range of 0.5-1 h. The nanopores size increased with the increasing potential. The XPS measurements do not show any contamination by F- on the surface, which is common for WOx samples formed by an anodization method. Such a layer was successfully modified by anisotropic gold trisoctahedral NPs of various sizes. The Au NPs were obtained by seed-mediated growth method. The shape and size of Au NPs was analysed by TEM microscopy and optical properties by UV-VIS spectroscopy. It was found that the WO3-Au platform has excellent SERS activity. The R6G molecules could be detected even in the range of 10-9 M.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Krajczewski
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 1 Pasteur St., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Robert Ambroziak
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sylwia Turczyniak-Surdacka
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 1 Pasteur St., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 101 Żwirki i Wigury Street, 20-089 Warsaw, Poland
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26
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Kwiatkowska M, Siemiaszko D, Norek M. Influence of Ethanol on Porous Anodic Alumina Growth in Etidronic Acid Solutions at Various Temperatures. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:8595. [PMID: 36500091 PMCID: PMC9736924 DOI: 10.3390/ma15238595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Etidronic acid, used in aluminum anodization, has a great potential for the fabrication of porous anodic alumina (PAA) with large cell sizes (>540 nm). PAAs are particularly suited to applications in optics and photonics where large-scale periodicity corresponding to visible or infrared light is needed. Additionally, such PAAs should be characterized by long-range pore ordering. However, to obtain regular pore arrangement in an etidronic electrolyte, the anodization should be performed at high electric fields using relatively high temperatures, which makes the process challenging in terms of its stability. To stabilize the process, the electrolyte can be modified with ethanol. In this work, the impact of ethanol on pore geometry and a level of pore ordering is systematically analyzed. It is shown that the additive tends to reduce pore ordering. Moreover, by changing the anodizing temperature and the amount of ethanol, it is possible to tune the porosity of the PAA template. At 20 °C, porosity drops from 14% in PAA grown in a pure water-based electrolyte to ca. 8% in PAA fabricated in the 1:3 v/v EtOH:H2O electrolyte. The larger PAA thickness obtained for the same charge density strongly suggests that PAA formation efficiency increases in the 1:3 v/v EtOH:H2O mixture.
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27
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Zeng H, Li C, Dan Y, Lu Y, Sun W, Zhang S, Song Y. A comparative study of two-step anodization with one-step anodization at constant voltage. Nanotechnology 2022; 34:065603. [PMID: 34749349 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac3788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Two-step anodization has been widely used because it can produce highly self-organized anodic TiO2nanotubes, but the differences in morphology and current-time curve of one-step anodization and two-step anodization are rarely reported. Here, one-step anodization and two-step anodization were conducted at different voltages. By comparing the FESEM image of anodic TiO2nanotubes fabricated by one-step anodization and two-step anodization, it was found that the variation of morphology characteristics is same with voltage. The distinction of morphology and current-time curve between one-step anodization and two-step anodization at the same voltage were analyzed: the nanotube average growth rate and porosity of two-step anodization are greater than that of one-step anodization. In the current-time curve, the duration of stage I and stage II in two-step anodization are significantly shorter than one-step anodization. The traditional field-assisted dissolution theory cannot explain the three stages of the current-time curves and their physics meaning under different voltages in the same fluoride electrolyte. Here, the distinction between one-step anodization and two-step anodization was clarified successfully by the theories of ionic current and electronic current and oxygen bubble mould.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huipeng Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of Education Ministry, NanJing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of Education Ministry, NanJing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Dan
- Key Laboratory of Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of Education Ministry, NanJing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, People's Republic of China
| | - Yishan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of Education Ministry, NanJing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, People's Republic of China
| | - Weidong Sun
- Jiangsu Urban and Rural Construction College, Changzhou 213147, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoyu Zhang
- Jiangsu Urban and Rural Construction College, Changzhou 213147, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Song
- Key Laboratory of Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of Education Ministry, NanJing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, People's Republic of China
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28
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Ali A, Chowdhury S, Janorkar A, Marquart M, Griggs JA, Bumgardner J, Roach MD. A novel single-step anodization approach for PANI-doping oxide surfaces to improve the photocatalytic activity of titanium implants. Biomed Mater 2022; 18:015010. [PMID: 36384042 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aca37d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Crystalline titanium oxides have shown photocatalytic activity (PCA) and the formation of antibacterial reactive oxygen species (ROS) when stimulated with UV light. Polyaniline (PANI) is a conductive polymer that has shown antibacterial effects. Previously, titanium oxides have been PANI-doped using a multi-step approach. In the present study, we compared PANI-doped specimens produced with a two-step method (ACV), to PANI-doped specimens produced by a novel single-step direct anodization (AAn) method, and a control group of anodized un-doped specimens. The surface morphology, oxide crystallinity, surface elemental composition, surface roughness, surface wettability, oxide adhesion, corrosion resistance, PCA, and ROS generation of each oxide group were evaluated. All groups exhibited mixed anatase and rutile phase oxides. The AAn group revealed less anatase and rutile, but more PANI-surface coverage. The AAn group exhibited significantly increased PCA after 60 minutes of direct UVA illumination compared to the ACV group, despite containing lower amounts of anatase and rutile. The ACV and AAn groups showed significant increases in ROS production after 4 hours UVA illumination while the control group showed similar ROS production. These findings suggested that PANI doping using the novel direct anodization technique significantly improved PCA even for oxides containing less crystallinity. The S. aureus attachment response to each oxide group was also compared under UVA pre-illumination, UVA direct illumination, and no illumination (dark) lighting conditions. Although no significant differences were shown in the bacterial response, both PANI-doped groups exhibited less average bacterial attachment compared to the control group. The response of MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast cells to each oxide group was evaluated using MTT and live/dead assays, and no evidence of cytotoxicity was found. Since many, if not most, titanium implant devices are routinely anodized as a part of the manufacturing processes, these study findings are applicable to a wide variety of implant applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Ali
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, D528, The University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, Mississippi, 39216-4505, UNITED STATES
| | - Sheetal Chowdhury
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, D528, The University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, Mississippi, 39216-4505, UNITED STATES
| | - Amol Janorkar
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, D528, The University of Mississippi Medical Center, School of Dentistry, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, Mississippi, 39216-4505, UNITED STATES
| | - Mary Marquart
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, Mississippi, 39216-4505, UNITED STATES
| | - Jason A Griggs
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, D528, The University of Mississippi Medical Center, School of Dentistry, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, Mississippi, 39216-4505, UNITED STATES
| | - Joel Bumgardner
- Biomedical Engineering Department, The University of Memphis Herff College of Engineering, Engineering Technology Building, 330, Memphis, Tennessee, 38152, UNITED STATES
| | - Michael D Roach
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, D528, The University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, School of Dentistry, Jackson, Mississippi, 39216, UNITED STATES
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Moise CC, Mihai GV, Anicăi L, Monaico EV, Ursaki VV, Enăchescu M, Tiginyanu IM. Electrochemical Deposition of Ferromagnetic Ni Nanoparticles in InP Nanotemplates Fabricated by Anodic Etching Using Environmentally Friendly Electrolyte. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:3787. [PMID: 36364561 PMCID: PMC9656686 DOI: 10.3390/nano12213787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Porous InP templates possessing a thickness of up to 100 µm and uniformly distributed porosity were prepared by anodic etching of InP substrates exhibiting different electrical conductivities, involving an environmentally friendly electrolyte. Ni nanoparticles were successfully directly deposited by pulsed electroplating into prefabricated InP templates without any additional deposition of intermediary layers. The parameters of electrodeposition, including the pulse amplitude, pulse width and interval between pulses, were optimized to reach a uniform metal deposition covering the inner surface of the nanopores. The electrochemical dissolution of n-InP single crystals was investigated by measuring the current-voltage dependences, while the Ni-decorated n-InP templates have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The proposed technology is expected to be of interest for sensing and photocatalytic applications, as well as for the exploration of their plasmonic and magnetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Călin Constantin Moise
- Center for Surface Science and Nanotechnology, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- S.C. NanoPRO START MC S.R.L., Mitropolit Antim Ivireanu Street 40, 110310 Pitesti, Romania
| | - Geanina Valentina Mihai
- Center for Surface Science and Nanotechnology, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Liana Anicăi
- Center for Surface Science and Nanotechnology, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Eduard V. Monaico
- National Center for Materials Study and Testing, Technical University of Moldova, Bd. Stefan cel Mare 168, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Veaceslav V. Ursaki
- National Center for Materials Study and Testing, Technical University of Moldova, Bd. Stefan cel Mare 168, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
- Academy of Sciences of Moldova, 2001 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Marius Enăchescu
- Center for Surface Science and Nanotechnology, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 54 Splaiul Independentei, 050094 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ion M. Tiginyanu
- National Center for Materials Study and Testing, Technical University of Moldova, Bd. Stefan cel Mare 168, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
- Academy of Sciences of Moldova, 2001 Chisinau, Moldova
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30
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Döhler D, Büttner P, Scheler F, Thiel D, Puscher B, Bochmann S, Mitrovic J, Boix PP, Guldi DM, Mínguez-Bacho I, Bachmann J. A Geometrically Well-Defined and Systematically Tunable Experimental Model to Transition from Planar to Mesoporous Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS Appl Energy Mater 2022; 5:11977-11986. [PMID: 36311464 PMCID: PMC9597550 DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.2c00870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A series of perovskite solar cells with systematically varying surface area of the interface between n-type electron conducting layer (TiO2) and perovskite are prepared by using an ordered array of straight, cylindrical nanopores generated by anodizing an aluminum layer evaporated onto a transparent conducting electrode. A series of samples with pore length varied from 100 to 500 nm are compared to each other and complemented by a classical planar cell and a mesoporous counterpart. All samples are characterized in terms of morphology, chemistry, optical properties, and performance. All samples absorb light to the same degree, and the increased interface area does not generate enhanced recombination. However, the short circuit current density increases monotonically with the specific surface area, indicating improved charge extraction efficiency. The importance of the slow interfacial rearrangement of ions associated with planar perovskite cells is shown to decrease in a systematic manner as the interfacial surface area increases. The results demonstrate that planar and mesoporous cells obey to the same physical principles and differ from each other quantitatively, not qualitatively. Additionally, the study shows that a significantly lower TiO2 surface area compared to mesoporous TiO2 is needed for an equal charge extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Döhler
- Chemistry
of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Pascal Büttner
- Chemistry
of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Florian Scheler
- Chemistry
of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dominik Thiel
- Interdisciplinary
Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Department of Chemistry and
Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität
Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bianka Puscher
- Interdisciplinary
Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Department of Chemistry and
Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität
Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bochmann
- Chemistry
of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julian Mitrovic
- Chemistry
of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Pablo P. Boix
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales, Universidad de
Valencia, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Dirk M. Guldi
- Interdisciplinary
Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Department of Chemistry and
Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität
Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ignacio Mínguez-Bacho
- Chemistry
of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julien Bachmann
- Chemistry
of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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Gustavsen KR, Johannessen EA, Wang K. Sodium Persulfate Pre-treatment of Copper Foils Enabling Homogenous Growth of Cu(OH) 2 Nanoneedle Films for Electrochemical CO 2 Reduction. Chemistry 2022; 11:e202200133. [PMID: 36175173 PMCID: PMC9535540 DOI: 10.1002/open.202200133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Oxide‐derived copper (OD−Cu) catalysts have received widespread attention for their ability to produce energy‐dense multicarbon products. Within this class of materials, nanostructured copper hydroxide (Cu(OH)2) has shown excellent catalytic properties, but its synthesis requires complex pre‐treatment steps of the Cu surface. In this study, we have developed a simple two‐step synthesis method for homogenous Cu(OH)2 nanoneedle films using a sodium persulfate pre‐treatment step prior to anodization. The Cu(OH)2 nanoneedle films show drastically enhanced uniformity after the pre‐treatment due to improved current distribution and can be grown over large surface areas (63 cm2). As a catalyst for CO2 reduction, the Cu(OH)2 favours ethylene formation, with a near total suppression of methane production. A peak faradaic efficiency (FE) of 36.5 % is found at −1.0 V vs. the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), and the catalyst remains stable while providing an ethylene to methane ratio of 27.8 after 6 h of reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Robert Gustavsen
- Department of MicrosystemsUniversity of South-Eastern NorwayRaveien 2053184HortenNorway
| | | | - Kaiying Wang
- Department of MicrosystemsUniversity of South-Eastern NorwayRaveien 2053184HortenNorway
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32
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Monaico EV, Morari V, Kutuzau M, Ursaki VV, Nielsch K, Tiginyanu IM. Magnetic Properties of GaAs/NiFe Coaxial Core-Shell Structures. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:ma15186262. [PMID: 36143574 PMCID: PMC9502629 DOI: 10.3390/ma15186262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Uniform nanogranular NiFe layers with Ni contents of 65%, 80%, and 100% have been electroplated in the potentiostatic deposition mode on both planar substrates and arrays of nanowires prepared by the anodization of GaAs substrates. The fabricated planar and coaxial core-shell ferromagnetic structures have been investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). To determine the perspectives for applications, a comparative analysis of magnetic properties, in terms of the saturation and remanence moment, the squareness ratio, and the coercivity, was performed for structures with different Ni contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard V. Monaico
- National Center for Materials Study and Testing, Technical University of Moldova, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Vadim Morari
- Institute of Electronic Engineering and Nanotechnologies “D. Ghitu”, 2028 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Maksim Kutuzau
- Institute for Metallic Materials (IMW), Leibniz Institute of Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Veaceslav V. Ursaki
- National Center for Materials Study and Testing, Technical University of Moldova, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
- Academy of Sciences of Moldova, 2001 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Kornelius Nielsch
- Institute for Metallic Materials (IMW), Leibniz Institute of Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ion M. Tiginyanu
- National Center for Materials Study and Testing, Technical University of Moldova, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
- Academy of Sciences of Moldova, 2001 Chisinau, Moldova
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33
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Nakane T, Naka T, Nakayama M, Uchikoshi T. Humidity Sensitivity of Chemically Synthesized ZnAl 2O 4/Al. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:6194. [PMID: 36015954 PMCID: PMC9414555 DOI: 10.3390/s22166194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Humidity sensitivity is evaluated for chemically synthesized ZnAl2O4/Al devices. We succeeded in synthesizing the ZnAl2O4/Al device by applying chemical techniques only. Hydrothermal treatment for the anodized aluminum (AlOx/Al) gives us the device of the ZnAl2O4/Al structure. All fabrication processes were conducted under 400 °C. The key was focusing on ZnAl2O4 as the sensing material instead of MgAl2O4, which is generally investigated as the humidity sensor. The evaluation of this ZnAl2O4/Al device clarified its effectiveness as a sensor. Both electrical capacitance, Cp, and the resistivity, Rp, measured by an LCR meter, obviously responded to the humidity with good sensitivity and appreciable repeatability. Our synthesis technique is possible in principle to improve on the process for the device with a complex structure providing a large surface area. These characteristics are believed to expand the application study of spinel aluminate devices as the sensor.
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Li SY, Liu ZL, Xiang GX, Ma BH. Photoluminescence properties of anodic aluminum oxide films formed in a mixture of malonic acid and oxalic acid. LUMINESCENCE 2022; 37:1864-1872. [PMID: 35977810 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In this work, porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) films were fabricated by anodization in an electrolyte mixture with various concentration ratios of malonic acid and oxalic acid at room temperature. The photoluminescence (PL) properties of the AAO films before and after annealing from 300 °C to 650 °C in air or vacuum conditions were investigated, showing a strong PL band in the range of 300 - 550 nm. We observed a weak PL in the AAO film formed in the malonic acid electrolyte, while the films fabricated using an electrolyte mixture showed strong PL emissions, exhibiting a maximum. The broad PL band was decomposed into three Gaussian sub-bands, where the first two sub-bands could be attributed to the luminescence center oxygen vacancies (F+ and F defect centers), while the latter transformed from malonic impurities and oxalic impurities. More interestingly, the redshift of the PL bands occurred with increasing oxalic acid concentration, and the PL wavelength and intensity could be modulated by varying the concentration ratios in the malonic acid and oxalic acid electrolyte mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shou-Yi Li
- College of Physics and Electromechanical Engineering, Hexi University, Zhangye, China.,Key laboratory of Hexi Corridor Resource Utilization of Gansu, Hexi University, Zhangye, China
| | - Zheng-Lai Liu
- College of Physics and Electromechanical Engineering, Hexi University, Zhangye, China
| | - Gen-Xiang Xiang
- College of Physics and Electromechanical Engineering, Hexi University, Zhangye, China
| | - Bao-Hong Ma
- College of Physics and Electromechanical Engineering, Hexi University, Zhangye, China
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35
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Syrek K, Sołtys-Mróz M, Pawlik K, Gurgul M, Sulka GD. Photoelectrochemical Properties of Annealed Anodic TiO 2 Layers Covered with CuO x. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154789. [PMID: 35897963 PMCID: PMC9369738 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we present a systematic study on the influence of Cu2+ ion concentration in the impregnation solution on the morphology, structure, optical, semiconducting, and photoelectrochemical properties of anodic CuOx-TiO2 materials. Studied materials were prepared by immersion in solutions with different concentrations of (CH3COO)2Cu and subjected to air-annealing at 400 °C, 500 °C, or 600 °C for 2 h. The complex characterization of all studied samples was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), reflectance measurements, Mott–Schottky analyses, and photocurrent measurements. It was found that band gap engineering based on coupling CuO with TiO2 (Eg~3.3 eV) is an effective strategy to increase the absorption in visible light due to band gap narrowing (CuOx-TiO2 materials had Eg~2.4 eV). Although the photoactivity of CuO-TiO2 materials decreased in the UV range due to the deposition of CuO on the TiO2 surface, in the Vis range increased up to 600 nm at the same time.
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36
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Gawlak K, Popiołek D, Pisarek M, Sulka GD, Zaraska L. CdS-Decorated Porous Anodic SnO x Photoanodes with Enhanced Performance under Visible Light. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:ma15113848. [PMID: 35683143 PMCID: PMC9181453 DOI: 10.3390/ma15113848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemically generated nanoporous tin oxide films have already been studied as photoanodes in photoelectrochemical water splitting systems. However, up to now, the most significant drawback of such materials was their relatively wide band gap (ca. 3.0 eV), which limits their effective performance in the UV light range. Therefore, here, we present for the first time an effective strategy for sensitization of porous anodic SnOx films with another narrow band gap semiconductor. Nanoporous tin oxide layers were obtained by simple one-step anodic oxidation of metallic Sn in 1 M NaOH followed by further surface decoration with CdS by the successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method. It was found that the nanoporous morphology of as-anodized SnOx is still preserved after CdS deposition. Such SnOx/CdS photoanodes exhibited enhanced photoelectrochemical activity in the visible range compared to unmodified SnOx. However, the thermal treatment at 200 °C before the SILAR process was found to be a key factor responsible for the optimal photoresponse of the material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Gawlak
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (D.P.); (G.D.S.)
- Correspondence: (K.G.); or (L.Z.); Tel.: +48-12-686-2517 (L.Z.)
| | - Dominika Popiołek
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (D.P.); (G.D.S.)
| | - Marcin Pisarek
- Laboratory of Surface Analysis, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Grzegorz D. Sulka
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (D.P.); (G.D.S.)
| | - Leszek Zaraska
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (D.P.); (G.D.S.)
- Correspondence: (K.G.); or (L.Z.); Tel.: +48-12-686-2517 (L.Z.)
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37
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Liu C, Gong J, Li J, Yin J, Li W, Gao Z, Xiao L, Wang G, Lu J, Zhuang L. Preanodized Cu Surface for Selective CO 2 Electroreduction to C 1 or C 2+ Products. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:20953-20961. [PMID: 35500252 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c01989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical CO2 reduction over Cu catalysts has shown great potential in producing a wide range of valuable chemicals, but it is still plagued by a poor controllability on product distribution. Herein, we demonstrate an effective regulation of CO2 reduction paths through a preanodization treatment of Cu foil electrodes in different electrolytes. The Cu electrode exhibits a superior C1 and C2+ product selectivity after being preanodized in NaClO4 (Cu-NaClO4) and Na2HPO4 electrolyte (Cu-Na2HPO4), respectively. Combined with in situ electrochemical Raman, ATR-SEIRAS, and SEM characterizations, the preferential C1 path is due to the deposition of many Cu nanocrystals with dominant Cu(111) facets on the Cu-NaClO4 electrode. In contrast, the preferential C2+ path over the Cu-Na2HPO4 is attributed to formation of a unique Cu nanodendritic morphology, which strengthens the *CO intermediate adsorption and induces an environment of low local H2O/CO2 stoichiometric ratio, thus facilitating C-C coupling for C2+ production. Our findings may shed light on the rational control of the CO2 reduction path through engineering of the Cu surface structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Lab of Electrochemical Power Sources, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jun Gong
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Lab of Electrochemical Power Sources, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jinmeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Lab of Electrochemical Power Sources, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jinlong Yin
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Lab of Electrochemical Power Sources, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Wenzheng Li
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Lab of Electrochemical Power Sources, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zeyu Gao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Lab of Electrochemical Power Sources, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Li Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Lab of Electrochemical Power Sources, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Gongwei Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Lab of Electrochemical Power Sources, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Juntao Lu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Lab of Electrochemical Power Sources, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Lin Zhuang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Lab of Electrochemical Power Sources, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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38
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Wu B, Tang Y, Wang K, Zhou X, Xiang L. Nanostructured Titanium Implant Surface Facilitating Osseointegration from Protein Adsorption to Osteogenesis: The Example of TiO 2 NTAs. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:1865-1879. [PMID: 35518451 PMCID: PMC9064067 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s362720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Titanium implants have been widely applied in dentistry and orthopedics due to their biocompatibility and resistance to mechanical fatigue. TiO2 nanotube arrays (TiO2 NTAs) on titanium implant surfaces have exhibited excellent biocompatibility, bioactivity, and adjustability, which can significantly promote osseointegration and participate in its entire path. In this review, to give a comprehensive understanding of the osseointegration process, four stages have been divided according to pivotal biological processes, including protein adsorption, inflammatory cell adhesion/inflammatory response, additional relevant cell adhesion and angiogenesis/osteogenesis. The impact of TiO2 NTAs on osseointegration is clarified in detail from the four stages. The nanotubular layer can manipulate the quantity, the species and the conformation of adsorbed protein. For inflammatory cells adhesion and inflammatory response, TiO2 NTAs improve macrophage adhesion on the surface and induce M2-polarization. TiO2 NTAs also facilitate the repairment-related cells adhesion and filopodia formation for additional relevant cells adhesion. In the angiogenesis and osteogenesis stage, TiO2 NTAs show the ability to induce osteogenic differentiation and the potential for blood vessel formation. In the end, we propose the multi-dimensional regulation of TiO2 NTAs on titanium implants to achieve highly efficient manipulation of osseointegration, which may provide views on the rational design and development of titanium implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingfeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Zhou
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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39
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Mazare A. Comment on "Old is Gold: Electrolyte Aging Influences the Topography, Chemistry, and Bioactivity of Anodized TiO 2 Nanopores". ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:14837-14841. [PMID: 35343226 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c18860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Self-organized anodic TiO2 nanostructures, in the form of nanopores, nanotubes, mesosponge, etc., obtained by electrochemical anodization have in the past two decades attracted tremendous focus and the number of publications based on such structures for various applications is remarkable. Guo et al. in ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2021, 13 (7), 7897-7912 discuss the obtaining of TiO2 nanopores by anodization in an aged electrolyte and its influence on the nanopores' topography, chemistry, and bioactivity. Guo et al. do not include in their study sufficient SEM characterization to confirm the claimed nanopore morphology. This comment clarifies the difference between a nanotube and a nanopore structure, both by already existing literature and reproduced experimental results. In fact, anodization on similar substrates and in similar anodization conditions leads to a nanotube morphology covered at the top by an initiation layer, depending on the anodization duration and post-treatments, such as ultrasonication. It is noted that the type of nanostructure has a clear influence on the available inner surface area for porosity computation or biomedical applications, for example, targeting drug delivery and interactions with proteins. Here, a clearer classification into nanopores and nanotubes─with an open top or an initiation layer─is established and explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Mazare
- Friedrich-Alexander University, Department of Materials Science WW4-LKO, Erlangen 91058, Germany
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research (AIMR), National University Corporation Tohoku University (TU), Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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40
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Chen Y, He J, Jiang P, Pang H, Hu X, Zhang J, Zhang W. New insight into degradation of chloramphenicol using a nanoporous Pd/Co 3O 4cathode: characterization and pathways analysis. Nanotechnology 2022; 33:210001. [PMID: 35134791 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac530c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The growing chloramphenicol (CAP) in wastewater brought a serious threat to the activity of activated sludge and the spread of antibiotics resistance bacteria. In this study, a highly ordered nanoporous Co3O4layer on Co foil through anodization was prepared as cathode for nitro-group reduction and electrodeposited with Pd particles for dechlorination to reduce CAP completely. After 3 h treatment, almost 100% of CAP was reduced. Co2+ions in Co3O4served as catalytic sites for electrons transfer to CAP through a redox circle Co2+-Co3+-Co2+, which triggered nitro-group reduction at first. With the presence of Pd particles, more atomic H* were generated for dechlorination, which increased 22% of reduction efficiency after 3 h treatment. Therefore, a better capacity was achieved by Pd/Co3O4cathode (K = 0.0245 min-1,Kis reaction constant) than by other cathodes such as Fe/Co3O4(K = 0.0182 min-1), Cu/Co3O4(K = 0.0164 min-1), and pure Co3O4(K = 0.0106 min-1). From the proposed reaction pathway, the ultimate product was carbonyl-reduced AM (dechlorinated aromatic amine product of CAP) without antibacterial activity, which demonstrated this cathodic technology was a feasible way for wastewater pre-treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Chen
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Junguo He
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Peigen Jiang
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Heliang Pang
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuhui Hu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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41
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Wawrzyniak J, Karczewski J, Coy E, Ryl J, Grochowska K, Siuzdak K. Nanostructure of the laser-modified transition metal nanocomposites for water splitting. Nanotechnology 2022; 33:205401. [PMID: 35108692 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac512a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Although hydrogen is considered by many to be the green fuel of the future, nowadays it is primarily produced through steam reforming, which is a process far from ecological. Therefore, emphasis is being put on the development of electrodes capable of the efficient production of hydrogen and oxygen from water. To make the green alternative possible, the solution should be cost-efficient and well processable, generating less waste which is a huge challenge. In this work, the laser-based modification technique of the titania nanotubes containing sputtered transition metal species (Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu) was employed. The characteristics of the electrodes are provided both for the hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions, where the influence of the laser treatment has been found to have the opposite effect. The structural and chemical analysis of the substrate material provides insight into pathways towards more efficient, low-temperature water splitting. Laser-assisted integration of transition metal with the tubular nanostructure results in the match-like structure where the metal species are accumulated at the head. The electrochemical data indicates a significant decrease in material resistance that leads to an overpotential of only +0.69 V at 10 mA cm-2for nickel-modified material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Wawrzyniak
- The Szewalski Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14, 80-231 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jakub Karczewski
- Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, Institute of Nanotechnology and Materials Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Emerson Coy
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Jacek Ryl
- Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, Institute of Nanotechnology and Materials Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Grochowska
- The Szewalski Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14, 80-231 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Siuzdak
- The Szewalski Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14, 80-231 Gdansk, Poland
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42
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Kim SY, Kim YK, Jang YS, Lee MH. Enhancement of Biofunctionalization by Loading Manuka Oil on TiO 2 Nanotubes. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:nano12030569. [PMID: 35159914 PMCID: PMC8838098 DOI: 10.3390/nano12030569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Metallic implants (mesh) for guided bone regeneration can result in foreign body reactions with surrounding tissues, infection, and inflammatory reactions caused by micro-organisms in the oral cavity after implantation. This study aimed to reduce the possibility of surgical failure caused by microbial infection by loading antibacterial manuka oil in a biocompatible nanostructure surface on Ti and to induce stable bone regeneration in the bone defect. The manuka oil from New Zealand consisted of a rich β-triketone chemotype, leptospermone, which showed strong inhibitory effects against several bacteria, even at very low oil concentrations. The TiO2 nanotubular layer formed by anodization effectively enhanced the surface hydrophilicity, bioactivity, and fast initial bone regeneration. A concentration of manuka oil in the range of 0.02% to less than 1% can have a synergistic effect on antibacterial activity and excellent biocompatibility. A manuka oil coating (especially with a concentration of 0.5%) on the TiO2 nanotube layer can be expected not only to prevent stenosis of the connective tissue around the mesh and inflammation by microbial infection but also to be effective in stable and rapid bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Min-Ho Lee
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +82-63-270-4040
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43
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Olkowicz K, Buczko Z, Nasiłowska B, Kowalczyk K, Czwartos J. Superhydrophobic Coating Based on Porous Aluminum Oxide Modified by Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:1042. [PMID: 35160987 DOI: 10.3390/ma15031042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to obtain a superhydrophobic coating by modifying anodized aluminum using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). In order to obtain a superhydrophobic coating on an aluminum substrate, a multistage treatment was implemented. Specimens of aluminum were treated by abrasive blasting, anodization in sulfuric acid, impregnation by PDMS, rinsing in toluene to remove excess of PDMS, and curing. A rough surface with an additional low free energy layer on it resulted in a superhydrophobic effect. The coating obtained has an average contact angle of 159°. The specimens were tested in terms of durability in natural conditions. Additionally, anti-icing and anti-fouling properties were evaluated. The coating was compared with anodized aluminum obtained by a basic process.
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Ossowska A, Ryl J, Sternicki T. Production and Properties of the Porous Layer Obtained by the Electrochemical Method on the Surface of Austenitic Steel. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:ma15030949. [PMID: 35160903 PMCID: PMC8837965 DOI: 10.3390/ma15030949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The growing demand for implants has seen increasing interest in the introduction of new technologies and surface modification methods of metal biomaterials. This research aimed to produce and characterize a porous layer grown on austenitic stainless steel 316L, obtained via the anodization process near the micro-arc oxidation, i.e., low voltage micro-arc oxidation (LVMAO). The discussed layer significantly influences the properties of metallic biomedical materials. The surface topography, layer thickness, surface roughness, pore diameter, elemental composition, crystal structure, and surface wettability were assessed for all anodized layers, together with the resultant corrosion resistance. Attention was paid to the influence of the process parameters that affect the specification of the produced layer. The obtained results showed surface development and different sized pores in the modified layers, as well as an increase in corrosion resistance in the Ringer’s solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Ossowska
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Ship Technology, Gdansk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Jacek Ryl
- Advanced Materials Center, Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, Gdansk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Sternicki
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Ship Technology, Gdansk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland;
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Devarakonda S, Ganapathysubramanian B, Shrotriya P. Impedance-Based Nanoporous Anodized Alumina/ITO Platforms for Label-Free Biosensors. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:150-158. [PMID: 34937345 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c17243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We report an experimental and computational approach for the fabrication and characterization of a highly sensitive and responsive label-free biosensor that does not require the presence of redox couples in electrolytes for sensitive electrochemical detection. The sensor is based on an aptamer-functionalized transparent electrode composed of nanoporous anodized alumina (NAA) grown on indium tin oxide (ITO)-covered glass. Electrochemical impedance changes in a thrombin binding aptamer (TBA)-functionalized NAA/ITO/glass electrode due to specific binding of α-thrombin are monitored for protein detection. The aptamer-functionalized electrode enables sensitive and specific thrombin protein detection with a detection limit of ∼10 pM and a high signal-to-noise ratio. The transient impedance of the alumina film-covered surface is computed using a computational electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) approach and compared to experimental observations to identify the dominant mechanisms underlying the sensor response. The computational and experimental results indicate that the sensing response is due to the modified ionic transport under the combined influence of steric hindrance and surface charge modification due to ligand/receptor binding between α-thrombin and the aptamer-covered alumina film. These results suggest that alumina film-covered electrodes utilize both steric and charge modulation for sensing, leading to tremendous improvement in the sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio. The film configuration is amenable for miniaturization and can be readily incorporated into existing portable sensing systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivaranjani Devarakonda
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | | | - Pranav Shrotriya
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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Korzekwa J, Bara M, Kaptacz S. Al 2O 3/WS 2 Surface Layers Produced on the Basis of Aluminum Alloys for Applications in Oil-Free Kinematic Systems. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:ma14247738. [PMID: 34947332 PMCID: PMC8703520 DOI: 10.3390/ma14247738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The article presents the results of an aluminum oxide layer doped with monolayer 2H tungsten disulphide (Al2O3/WS2) for applications in oil-free kinematic systems. The results concern the test carried out on the pneumatic actuator operational test stand, which is the actual pneumatic system with electromagnetic control. The cylinders of actuators are made of Ø 40 mm aluminum tube of EN-AW-6063 aluminum alloy which is used in the manufacture of commercial air cylinder actuators. The inner surfaces of the cylinder surfaces were covered with an Al2O3/WS2 oxide layer obtained by anodic oxidation in a three-component electrolyte and in the same electrolyte with the addition of tungsten disulfide 2H-WS2. The layers of Al2O3 and Al2O3/WS2 obtained on the inner surface of the pneumatic actuators were combined with a piston ring made of polytetrafluoroethylene with carbon (T5W) material and piston seals made of polyurethane (PU). The cooperation occurred in the conditions of technically dry friction. After the test was carried out, the scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) analysis of the surface of the cylinder bearing surfaces and piston seals of the pneumatic cylinders was performed. The analysis revealed the formation of a sliding film on the cylinder surface modified with tungsten disulfide, as well as on the surface of wiper seals. Based on the SEM/EDSM tests, it was also found that the modification of the Al2O3 layer with tungsten disulfide contributed to the formation of a sliding film with the presence of WS2 lubricant, which translated into smooth cylinder operation during 180 h of actuator operation. The cylinder with the unmodified layer showed irregular operation after approximately 70 h thereof.
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Chang SF, Zhou X, Chen SH, Tseng YH. Fabrication and characterization of well-ordered PbS nanowires in aluminum oxide template by sulfurization and vacuum injection molding processes. Nanotechnology 2021; 33:075301. [PMID: 34530420 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac2763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) nanowire arrays were fabricated with anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates of 30, 100 and 300 nm in pore diameters. Through vacuum injection molding process, Pb/AAO composite was obtained, and lead sulfide (PbS) could further be synthesized after exposing to sulfur gas. AAO templates with different pore sizes were fabricated by using pure aluminum in a two-step anodization. Three types of solutions, which are 10 vol% sulfuric acid, 3 wt% oxalic acid and 1 vol% phosphoric acid, were adopted to achieve AAO of various pore sizes. Different sulfurization temperatures and time spans were applied for studying on the formation mechanism of PbS. Finally, the morphology, composition, structure and elements distribution of the as-prepared Pb and PbS nanowires were confirmed through the use of scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, element-mapping, x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy analysis. The results indicated that Pb nanowires were successfully obtained after applying vacuum injection molding process with 50 kgf cm-2hydraulic pressure, and PbS nano arrays can be formed by sulfurization at 500 °C for 5 h. Furthermore, an optical property, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption, was also measured. The measurement of the PbS nanowires showed that a significant quantum confinement effect made the energy gap produce a blue shift from 0.41 eV to 1.65 eV or 1.72 eV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Fu Chang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 10607, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 10607, Taiwan
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 10607, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsun Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 10607, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Hsuan Tseng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 10607, Taiwan
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Carneiro JO, Ribeiro A, Miranda F, Segundo IR, Landi S Jr, Teixeira V, Costa MFM. Development of Capacitive-Type Sensors by Electrochemical Anodization: Humidity and Touch Sensing Applications. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:7317. [PMID: 34770624 DOI: 10.3390/s21217317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This work describes the development of a capacitive-type sensor created from nanoporous anodic aluminium oxide (NP-AAO) prepared by the one-step anodization method conducted in potentiostatic mode and performed in a low-cost homemade system. A series of samples were prepared via an anodization campaign carried out on different acid electrolytes, in which the anodization parameters were adjusted to investigate the effect of pore size and porosity on the capacitive sensing performance. Two sensor test cases are investigated. The first case explores the use of highly uniform NP-AAO structures for humidity sensing applications while the second analyses the use of NP-AAO as a capacitive touch sensor for biological applications, namely, to detect the presence of small “objects” such as bacterial colonies of Escherichia Coli. A mathematical model based on equivalent electrical circuits was developed to evaluate the effect of humidity condensation (inside the pores) on the sensor capacitance and also to estimate the capacitance change of the sensor due to pore blocking by the presence of a certain number of bacterial microorganisms. Regarding the humidity sensing test cases, it was found that the sensitivity of the sensor fabricated in a phosphoric acid solution reaches up to 39 (pF/RH%), which is almost three times higher than the sensor fabricated in oxalic acid and about eight times higher than the sensor fabricated in sulfuric acid. Its improved sensitivity is explained in terms of the pore size effect on the mean free path and the loss of Brownian energy of the water vapour molecules. Concerning the touch sensing test case, it is demonstrated that the NP-AAO structures can be used as capacitive touch sensors because the magnitude of the capacitance change directly depends on the number of bacteria that cover the nanopores; the fraction of the electrode area activated by bacterial pore blocking is about 4.4% and 30.2% for B1 (E. Coli OD600nm = 0.1) and B2 (E. Coli OD600nm = 1) sensors, respectively.
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Zajączkowska L, Norek M. Peculiarities of Aluminum Anodization in AHAs-Based Electrolytes: Case Study of the Anodization in Glycolic Acid Solution. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:5362. [PMID: 34576586 DOI: 10.3390/ma14185362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The anodization of aluminum (Al) in three alpha-hydroxy acids (AHAs): glycolic (GC), malic (MC), and citric (CC), was analyzed. Highly ordered pores in GC were obtained for the first time. However, the hexagonal cells were characterized by a non-uniform size distribution. Although common features of current density behavior are visible, the anodization in AHAs demonstrates some peculiarities. The electric conductivity (σ) of 0.5 M GC, MC, and CC electrolytes was in the following order: σ(CC) > σ(MC) > σ(GC), in accordance with the acid strength pKa(CC) < pKa(MC) < pKa(GC). However, the anodization voltage, under which a self-organized pore formation in anodic alumina (AAO) was observed (Umax), decreased with increasing pKa: Umax(CC) > Umax(MC) ≥ Umax(GC). This unusual behavior is most probably linked with the facility of acid ions to complex Al and the active participation of the Al complexes in the AAO formation. Depending on the AHA, its tendency and different modes to coordinate Al ions, the contribution of stable Al complexes to the AAO growth is different. It can be concluded that the structure of Al complexes, their molecular mass, and the ability to lose electrons play more important roles in the AAO formation than pKa values of AHAs.
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Abd-Elnaiem AM, Abdel-Rahim MA, Abdel-Latief AY, Mohamed AAR, Mojsilović K, Stępniowski WJ. Fabrication, Characterization and Photocatalytic Activity of Copper Oxide Nanowires Formed by Anodization of Copper Foams. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:ma14175030. [PMID: 34501117 PMCID: PMC8433699 DOI: 10.3390/ma14175030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In recent paper anodization of copper foams in 0.1 M K2CO3 is reported. Anodization was performed in the voltage range of 5–25 V and in all the cases oxides with a developed surface area were obtained. However, anodizing only at 20 and 25 V resulted in the formation of nanostruc-tures. In all the cases, the products of anodizing consisted of crystalline phases like cuprite (Cu2O), tenorite (CuO), parameconite (Cu4O3) as well as spertiniite (Cu(OH)2). Copper foams after ano-dizing were applied as catalysts in the photocatalytic decolorization of a model organic compound such as methylene blue. The highest photocatalytic activity was observed for samples anodized at 25 V and closely followed by samples anodized at 5 V. The anodized copper foams proved to be a useful material in enhancing the photocatalytic efficiency of organic dye decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa M. Abd-Elnaiem
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt; (M.A.A.-R.); (A.Y.A.-L.); (A.A.-R.M.)
- Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT) of the Arab Republic of Egypt, Cairo 11516, Egypt
- Correspondence: (A.M.A.-E.); (W.J.S.)
| | - Moustafa A. Abdel-Rahim
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt; (M.A.A.-R.); (A.Y.A.-L.); (A.A.-R.M.)
- Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT) of the Arab Republic of Egypt, Cairo 11516, Egypt
| | - Atta Y. Abdel-Latief
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt; (M.A.A.-R.); (A.Y.A.-L.); (A.A.-R.M.)
- Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT) of the Arab Republic of Egypt, Cairo 11516, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abdel-Rahim Mohamed
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt; (M.A.A.-R.); (A.Y.A.-L.); (A.A.-R.M.)
- Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT) of the Arab Republic of Egypt, Cairo 11516, Egypt
| | - Kristina Mojsilović
- Faculty of Physics, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12–16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Wojciech Jerzy Stępniowski
- Faculty of Advanced Technology and Chemistry, Institute of Materials Science & Engineering, Military University of Technology, Kaliskiego 2 Str., 00908 Warszawa, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.M.A.-E.); (W.J.S.)
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