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Döhler D, Büttner P, Scheler F, Thiel D, Puscher B, Bochmann S, Mitrovic J, Boix PP, Guldi DM, Mínguez-Bacho I, Bachmann J. A Geometrically Well-Defined and Systematically Tunable Experimental Model to Transition from Planar to Mesoporous Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS Appl Energy Mater 2022; 5:11977-11986. [PMID: 36311464 PMCID: PMC9597550 DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.2c00870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A series of perovskite solar cells with systematically varying surface area of the interface between n-type electron conducting layer (TiO2) and perovskite are prepared by using an ordered array of straight, cylindrical nanopores generated by anodizing an aluminum layer evaporated onto a transparent conducting electrode. A series of samples with pore length varied from 100 to 500 nm are compared to each other and complemented by a classical planar cell and a mesoporous counterpart. All samples are characterized in terms of morphology, chemistry, optical properties, and performance. All samples absorb light to the same degree, and the increased interface area does not generate enhanced recombination. However, the short circuit current density increases monotonically with the specific surface area, indicating improved charge extraction efficiency. The importance of the slow interfacial rearrangement of ions associated with planar perovskite cells is shown to decrease in a systematic manner as the interfacial surface area increases. The results demonstrate that planar and mesoporous cells obey to the same physical principles and differ from each other quantitatively, not qualitatively. Additionally, the study shows that a significantly lower TiO2 surface area compared to mesoporous TiO2 is needed for an equal charge extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Döhler
- Chemistry
of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Pascal Büttner
- Chemistry
of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Florian Scheler
- Chemistry
of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dominik Thiel
- Interdisciplinary
Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Department of Chemistry and
Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität
Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bianka Puscher
- Interdisciplinary
Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Department of Chemistry and
Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität
Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bochmann
- Chemistry
of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julian Mitrovic
- Chemistry
of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Pablo P. Boix
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales, Universidad de
Valencia, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Dirk M. Guldi
- Interdisciplinary
Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Department of Chemistry and
Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität
Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ignacio Mínguez-Bacho
- Chemistry
of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julien Bachmann
- Chemistry
of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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2
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Döhler D, Triana A, Büttner P, Scheler F, Goerlitzer ESA, Harrer J, Vasileva A, Metwalli E, Gruber W, Unruh T, Manshina A, Vogel N, Bachmann J, Mínguez-Bacho I. A Self-Ordered Nanostructured Transparent Electrode of High Structural Quality and Corresponding Functional Performance. Small 2021; 17:e2100487. [PMID: 33817974 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202100487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of a highly ordered nanostructured transparent electrode based on a combination of nanosphere lithography and anodization is presented. The size of perfectly ordered pore domains is improved by an order of magnitude with respect to the state of the art. The concomitantly reduced density of defect pores increases the fraction of pores that are in good electrical contact with the underlying transparent conductive substrate. This improvement in structural quality translates directly and linearly into an improved performance of energy conversion devices built from such electrodes in a linear manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Döhler
- D. Döhler, A. Triana, P. Büttner, F. Scheler, Prof. J. Bachmann, Dr. I. Mínguez-Bacho, Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, IZNF, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstr. 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andrés Triana
- D. Döhler, A. Triana, P. Büttner, F. Scheler, Prof. J. Bachmann, Dr. I. Mínguez-Bacho, Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, IZNF, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstr. 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Pascal Büttner
- D. Döhler, A. Triana, P. Büttner, F. Scheler, Prof. J. Bachmann, Dr. I. Mínguez-Bacho, Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, IZNF, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstr. 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Florian Scheler
- D. Döhler, A. Triana, P. Büttner, F. Scheler, Prof. J. Bachmann, Dr. I. Mínguez-Bacho, Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, IZNF, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstr. 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Eric S A Goerlitzer
- E. S. A. Goerlitzer, J. Harrer, Prof. N. Vogel, Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstraße 4, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Johannes Harrer
- E. S. A. Goerlitzer, J. Harrer, Prof. N. Vogel, Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstraße 4, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anna Vasileva
- A. Vasileva, Prof. A. Manshina, Prof. J. Bachmann, Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, Universitetskii pr. 26, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russia
| | - Ezzeldin Metwalli
- Dr. E. Metwalli, Dr. W. Gruber, Prof. T. Unruh, Institute for Crystallography and Structure Physics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Gruber
- Dr. E. Metwalli, Dr. W. Gruber, Prof. T. Unruh, Institute for Crystallography and Structure Physics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tobias Unruh
- Dr. E. Metwalli, Dr. W. Gruber, Prof. T. Unruh, Institute for Crystallography and Structure Physics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alina Manshina
- A. Vasileva, Prof. A. Manshina, Prof. J. Bachmann, Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, Universitetskii pr. 26, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russia
| | - Nicolas Vogel
- E. S. A. Goerlitzer, J. Harrer, Prof. N. Vogel, Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstraße 4, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julien Bachmann
- D. Döhler, A. Triana, P. Büttner, F. Scheler, Prof. J. Bachmann, Dr. I. Mínguez-Bacho, Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, IZNF, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstr. 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
- A. Vasileva, Prof. A. Manshina, Prof. J. Bachmann, Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, Universitetskii pr. 26, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russia
| | - Ignacio Mínguez-Bacho
- D. Döhler, A. Triana, P. Büttner, F. Scheler, Prof. J. Bachmann, Dr. I. Mínguez-Bacho, Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, IZNF, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstr. 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
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3
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Büttner P, Scheler F, Pointer C, Döhler D, Yokosawa T, Spiecker E, Boix PP, Young ER, Mínguez-Bacho I, Bachmann J. ZnS Ultrathin Interfacial Layers for Optimizing Carrier Management in Sb 2S 3-based Photovoltaics. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:11861-11868. [PMID: 33667064 PMCID: PMC7975279 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c21365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Antimony chalcogenides represent a family of materials of low toxicity and relative abundance, with a high potential for future sustainable solar energy conversion technology. However, solar cells based on antimony chalcogenides present open-circuit voltage losses that limit their efficiencies. These losses are attributed to several recombination mechanisms, with interfacial recombination being considered as one of the dominant processes. In this work, we exploit atomic layer deposition (ALD) to grow a series of ultrathin ZnS interfacial layers at the TiO2/Sb2S3 interface to mitigate interfacial recombination and to increase the carrier lifetime. ALD allows for very accurate control over the ZnS interlayer thickness on the ångström scale (0-1.5 nm) and to deposit highly pure Sb2S3. Our systematic study of the photovoltaic and optoelectronic properties of these devices by impedance spectroscopy and transient absorption concludes that the optimum ZnS interlayer thickness of 1.0 nm achieves the best balance between the beneficial effect of an increased recombination resistance at the interface and the deleterious barrier behavior of the wide-bandgap semiconductor ZnS. This optimization allows us to reach an overall power conversion efficiency of 5.09% in planar configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Büttner
- Friedrich-Alexander
University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy,
IZNF, Cauerstraße
3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Florian Scheler
- Friedrich-Alexander
University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy,
IZNF, Cauerstraße
3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Universidad
de Valencia, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales, Catedrático J. Beltrán
2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Craig Pointer
- Lehigh
University, Department of Chemistry, 6 East Packer Avenue, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Dirk Döhler
- Friedrich-Alexander
University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy,
IZNF, Cauerstraße
3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tadahiro Yokosawa
- Friedrich-Alexander
University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Institute
of Micro- and Nanostructure Research, and Center for Nanoanalysis
and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), IZNF, Cauerstraße 3, Erlangen, 91058 Germany
| | - Erdmann Spiecker
- Friedrich-Alexander
University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Institute
of Micro- and Nanostructure Research, and Center for Nanoanalysis
and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), IZNF, Cauerstraße 3, Erlangen, 91058 Germany
| | - Pablo P. Boix
- Universidad
de Valencia, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales, Catedrático J. Beltrán
2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Elizabeth R. Young
- Lehigh
University, Department of Chemistry, 6 East Packer Avenue, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Ignacio Mínguez-Bacho
- Friedrich-Alexander
University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy,
IZNF, Cauerstraße
3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julien Bachmann
- Friedrich-Alexander
University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy,
IZNF, Cauerstraße
3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Saint-Petersburg
State University, Institute of Chemistry, Universitetskii Prospekt 26, 198504 Saint Petersburg, Russia
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4
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Vasileva A, Pankin D, Mikhailovskii V, Kolesnikov I, Mínguez-Bacho I, Bachmann J, Manshina A. In situ microsynthesis of polyaniline: synthesis–structure–conductivity correlation. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj03198h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The multi-analytical study of polyaniline samples obtained by in situ microsynthesis was performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Vasileva
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskii pr. 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Dmitrii Pankin
- Center for Optical and Laser Materials Research, St. Petersburg State University, Uljanovskaya 5, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vladimir Mikhailovskii
- Interdisciplinary Resource Center for Nanotechnology, Research Park, Saint-Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya 1, Saint-Petersburg 198504, Russia
| | - Ilya Kolesnikov
- Center for Optical and Laser Materials Research, St. Petersburg State University, Uljanovskaya 5, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ignacio Mínguez-Bacho
- Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, IZNF, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nurnberg, Cauerstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julien Bachmann
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskii pr. 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, IZNF, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nurnberg, Cauerstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alina Manshina
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskii pr. 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
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5
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Büttner P, Döhler D, Korenko S, Möhrlein S, Bochmann S, Vogel N, Mínguez-Bacho I, Bachmann J. Solid state interdigitated Sb2S3 based TiO2 nanotube solar cells. RSC Adv 2020; 10:28225-28231. [PMID: 35519135 PMCID: PMC9055636 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra04123h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
TiO2 nanotubes generated by anodization of metallic titanium sputter-coated on indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates are used as a conductive scaffold for all solid-state Sb2S3-sensitized extremely thin absorber (ETA) solar cells. A blocking layer of TiO2 placed between Ti and ITO in combination with optimized Ti deposition and anodization conditions enables the formation of crack-free layers of straight, cylindrical TiO2 nanotubes of tunable length and diameter. ALD (atomic layer deposition) is subsequently used to coat this substrate conformally with a highly pure Sb2S3 light absorber layer under an inert atmosphere. The high absorption coefficient of Sb2S3 as compared to molecular dyes allows for the utilization of very short nanotubes, which facilitates the infiltration of the organic hole transport material and formation of a p–i–n heterojunction in an interdigitated and tunable geometry. We investigate the influence of nanotube length and of the absorber thickness to enhance the photocurrent value to twice that of planar reference structures. TiO2 nanotubes generated by anodization of metallic titanium sputter-coated on indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates are used as a conductive scaffold for all-solid-state Sb2S3-sensitized extremely thin absorber (ETA) solar cells.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Büttner
- Chemistry of Thin Film Materials
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy
- IZNF
- Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg
- 91058 Erlangen
| | - Dirk Döhler
- Chemistry of Thin Film Materials
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy
- IZNF
- Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg
- 91058 Erlangen
| | - Sofia Korenko
- Chemistry of Thin Film Materials
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy
- IZNF
- Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg
- 91058 Erlangen
| | - Sebastian Möhrlein
- Chemistry of Thin Film Materials
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy
- IZNF
- Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg
- 91058 Erlangen
| | - Sebastian Bochmann
- Chemistry of Thin Film Materials
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy
- IZNF
- Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg
- 91058 Erlangen
| | - Nicolas Vogel
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Ignacio Mínguez-Bacho
- Chemistry of Thin Film Materials
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy
- IZNF
- Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg
- 91058 Erlangen
| | - Julien Bachmann
- Chemistry of Thin Film Materials
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy
- IZNF
- Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg
- 91058 Erlangen
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6
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Büttner P, Scheler F, Pointer C, Döhler D, Barr MK, Koroleva A, Pankin D, Hatada R, Flege S, Manshina A, Young ER, Mínguez-Bacho I, Bachmann J. Adjusting Interfacial Chemistry and Electronic Properties of Photovoltaics Based on a Highly Pure Sb 2S 3 Absorber by Atomic Layer Deposition. ACS Appl Energy Mater 2019; 2:8747-8756. [PMID: 31894204 PMCID: PMC6931240 DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.9b01721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The combination of oxide and heavier chalcogenide layers in thin film photovoltaics suffers limitations associated with oxygen incorporation and sulfur deficiency in the chalcogenide layer or with a chemical incompatibility which results in dewetting issues and defect states at the interface. Here, we establish atomic layer deposition (ALD) as a tool to overcome these limitations. ALD allows one to obtain highly pure Sb2S3 light absorber layers, and we exploit this technique to generate an additional interfacial layer consisting of 1.5 nm ZnS. This ultrathin layer simultaneously resolves dewetting and passivates defect states at the interface. We demonstrate via transient absorption spectroscopy that interfacial electron recombination is one order of magnitude slower at the ZnS-engineered interface than hole recombination at the Sb2S3/P3HT interface. The comparison of solar cells with and without oxide incorporation in Sb2S3, with and without the ultrathin ZnS interlayer, and with systematically varied Sb2S3 thickness provides a complete picture of the physical processes at work in the devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Büttner
- Chemistry of Thin
Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstr. 3, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Florian Scheler
- Chemistry of Thin
Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstr. 3, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Craig Pointer
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh
University, 6 East Packer Avenue, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Dirk Döhler
- Chemistry of Thin
Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstr. 3, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Maïssa K.
S. Barr
- Chemistry of Thin
Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstr. 3, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Aleksandra Koroleva
- Centre for Physical Methods of Surface
Investigation, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 198504, Russia
| | - Dmitrii Pankin
- Centre for Optical and Laser Materials
Research, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Ruriko Hatada
- Materials Analysis, Department of Materials
Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 2, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - Stefan Flege
- Materials Analysis, Department of Materials
Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 2, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - Alina Manshina
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg
State University, Universitetskii
pr. 26, St. Petersburg 198504, Russia
| | - Elizabeth R. Young
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh
University, 6 East Packer Avenue, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
- E-mail:
| | - Ignacio Mínguez-Bacho
- Chemistry of Thin
Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstr. 3, Erlangen 91058, Germany
- E-mail:
| | - Julien Bachmann
- Chemistry of Thin
Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstr. 3, Erlangen 91058, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg
State University, Universitetskii
pr. 26, St. Petersburg 198504, Russia
- E-mail:
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7
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Mínguez-Bacho I, Scheler F, Büttner P, Bley K, Vogel N, Bachmann J. Ordered nanopore arrays with large interpore distances via one-step anodization. Nanoscale 2018; 10:8385-8390. [PMID: 29696279 PMCID: PMC5944388 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr02215a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Preparation of pre-patterned alumina substrates using bottom-up techniques compatible with nanotechnology applications is still a challenge. We present a novel methodology to achieve superior order in 'anodic' alumina with large interpore distances by a convenient one-step anodization process. The use of transparent insulators renders such anodic layers applicable as templates for nanostructured photovoltaic or photoelectrochemical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Mínguez-Bacho
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstr. 1 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany .
| | - F. Scheler
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstr. 1 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany .
| | - P. Büttner
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstr. 1 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany .
| | - K. Bley
- Institute of Particle Technology , Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg , Haberstr. 9a , 91058 Erlangen , Germany .
| | - N. Vogel
- Institute of Particle Technology , Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg , Haberstr. 9a , 91058 Erlangen , Germany .
| | - J. Bachmann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstr. 1 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany .
- Institute of Chemistry , Saint Petersburg State University , 26 Universitetskii Prospect , Saint Petersburg , Petergof 198504 , Russia
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8
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Iglesias-Freire Ó, Bran C, Berganza E, Mínguez-Bacho I, Magén C, Vázquez M, Asenjo A. Spin configuration in isolated FeCoCu nanowires modulated in diameter. Nanotechnology 2015; 26:395702. [PMID: 26357971 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/26/39/395702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Cylindrical Fe28Co67Cu5 nanowires modulated in diameter between 22 and 35 nm are synthesized by electroplating into the nanopores of alumina membranes. High-sensitivity MFM imaging (with a detection noise of 1 μN m(-1)) reveals the presence of single-domain structures in remanence with strong contrast at the ends of the nanowires, as well as at the transition regions where the diameter is modulated. Micromagnetic simulations suggest that curling of the magnetization takes place at these transition sites, extending over 10-20 nm and giving rise to stray fields measurable with our MFM. An additional weaker contrast is imaged, which is interpreted to arise from inhomogeneities in the nanowire diameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Óscar Iglesias-Freire
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM-CSIC), 28049, Madrid, Spain. McGill University, H3A 2T8, Montreal, Canada
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