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Zhao T, Zhou H, Wu W, Song X, Gong T. A multistage oral delivery system of PTX for improving oral bioavailability and enhancing anticancer efficacy. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2021; 47:259-267. [PMID: 33501858 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2021.1879831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bromotetrandrine (W198) was reported as a P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitor. We aimed to prepare oral W198 micelles following by paclitaxel (PTX) micelles (W198/PTX micelles) to improve the clinical application of PTX. SIGNIFICANCE The poor water solubility, intestinal permeability, and multidrug resistance (MDR) of PTX can be improved in the multistage oral delivery system. METHODS The novel W198/PTX oral micelles were developed by water-bath ultrasound method and were evaluated in vivo and in vitro in 4T1 orthotopic tumor-bearing mice model. RESULTS PTX micelles and W198 micelles were prepared to be round and uniform. W198 micelles pre-administrated group showed higher cellular uptake efficiency of PTX on Caco-2 cells and more prominent cytotoxicity compared with W198-untreated group on 4T1 cells. The oral bioavailability of W198/PTX micelles group was nearly 5.7-folds higher than the PTX micelles only group. In addition, W198/PTX micelles showed enhanced anticancer efficacy. CONCLUSIONS We established a multistage oral delivery system to improve oral bioavailability and anticancer efficacy of PTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Hongli Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Wanyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Xu Song
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China.,Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Devices, National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Tao Gong
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
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Discovery and synthesis of sulfur-containing 6-substituted 5,8-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone oxime derivatives as new and potential anti-MDR cancer agents. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 165:160-171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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3
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Zheng Y, Qu J, Xue F, Zheng Y, Yang B, Chang Y, Yang H, Zhang J. Novel DNA Aptamers for Parkinson's Disease Treatment Inhibit α-Synuclein Aggregation and Facilitate its Degradation. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2018; 11:228-242. [PMID: 29858057 PMCID: PMC5992446 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most prevalent forms of synucleinopathies, and it is characterized neuropathologically by the presence of intracellular inclusions composed primarily of the protein α-synuclein (α-syn) in neurons. The previous immunotherapy targeting the α-syn in PD models with monoclonal antibodies has established α-syn protein as an effective target for neuronal cell death. However, due to the essential weaknesses of antibody and the unique features of aptamers, the aptamers could represent a promising alternative to the currently used antibodies in immunotherapy for PD. In this study, the purified human α-syn was used as the target for in vitro selection of aptamers using systematic evolution by exponential enrichment. This resulted in the identification of two 58-base DNA aptamers with a high binding affinity and good specificity to the α-syn, with KD values in the nanomolar range. Both aptamers could effectively reduce α-syn aggregation in vitro and in cells and target the α-syn to intracellular degradation through the lysosomal pathway. These effects consequently rescued the mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular defects caused by α-syn overexpression. To our knowledge, this is the first study to employ aptamers to block the aberrant cellular effects of the overexpressed α-syn in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zheng
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Center of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jing Qu
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Center of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Fenqin Xue
- Core Facilities Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of Physiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Bo Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Yongchang Chang
- Division of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Center of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jianliang Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Center of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing 100069, China.
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Yang W, Wang X, Liu J, Duan C, Gao G, Lu L, Yu S, Yang H. PINK1 suppresses alpha-synuclein-induced neuronal injury: a novel mechanism in protein phosphatase 2A activation. Oncotarget 2017; 9:37-53. [PMID: 29416594 PMCID: PMC5787472 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) and phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN)-induced putative kinase (PINK) 1 are proteins found in Lewy bodies, which are a pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD). PINK1 overexpression suppresses α-Syn-induced phenotypes and increases lifespan and health in an animal model of PD. It has been suggested that the two proteins regulate protein phosphatase (PP) 2A activity, but the underlying mechanisms and neuroprotective action of PP2A against PD-associated pathology are unknown. We found that α-Syn overexpression in SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cells and primary cortical neurons caused mitochondrial dysfunction and cell injury via phosphorylation of PP2A at Tyr307 and inhibition of its activity. Concomitant overexpression of PINK1 reversed this effect and restored the activity. The level of phospho-activated Src was increased in cells overexpressing α-Syn, which was reversed by co-expressing PINK1, suggesting that the latter suppressed α-Syn-induced PP2A inactivation by inhibiting Src activity. Calmodulin/Src complex formation was also enhanced in α-Syn-overexpressing cells, which was reversed by co-expression of PINK1 as a result of reduced mitochondrial Ca2+ releasing. Interestingly, the protective effects of PINK1 in α-Syn induced models were abolished by treatment with the PP2A inhibitor okadaic acid, indicating that PP2A is a target of PINK1. These findings indicate that PINK1 protects against α-Syn-induced neurodegeneration by promoting the dissociation of the calmodulin/Src complex and inhibiting Src, thereby enhancing PP2A activity. This was supported by the observation that PP2A activity was decreased in PD patients, which was negatively correlated with Hoehn and Yahr scores. Our results provide novel insight into the mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration in PD as well as possible avenues for therapeutic intervention in the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Yang
- Department of Neurobiology, Center for Parkinson's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurobiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, Center for Parkinson's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, Center for Parkinson's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunli Duan
- Department of Neurobiology, Center for Parkinson's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ge Gao
- Department of Neurobiology, Center for Parkinson's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingling Lu
- Department of Neurobiology, Center for Parkinson's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shun Yu
- Department of Neurobiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Neurobiology, Center for Parkinson's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Pink1 interacts with α-synuclein and abrogates α-synuclein-induced neurotoxicity by activating autophagy. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e3056. [PMID: 28933786 PMCID: PMC5636973 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, characterized by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. α-synuclein (α-syn) and PTEN-induced putative kinase (PINK)1 are two critical proteins associated with the pathogenesis of PD. α-syn induces mitochondrial deficits and apoptosis, PINK1 was found to alleviate α-syn-induced toxicity, but the mechanistic details remain obscure. Here, we show that PINK1 interacts with α-syn mainly in the cytoplasm, where it initiates autophagy. This interaction was dependent on the kinase activity of PINK1 and was abolished by deletion of the kinase domain or a G309D point mutation, an inactivating mutation in the kinase domain. Interaction between PINK1 and α-syn stimulated the removal of excess α-syn, which prevented mitochondrial deficits and apoptosis. Our findings provide evidence for a novel mechanism underlying the protective effects of PINK1 against α-syn-induced neurodegeneration and highlight a novel therapeutic target for PD treatment.
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Yuan F, Bai G, Miao Y, Chen Y, Li X, Chen J. Annosquacin B induces mitochondrial apoptosis in multidrug resistant human breast cancer cell line MCF-7/ADR through selectively modulating MAPKs pathways. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:3040-3045. [PMID: 27450387 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1200634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major obstacle to efficient therapy of cancers. It is a prime concern for researchers to find compounds with anti-proliferative activity on MDR cell lines. In recent years, annonaceous acetogenins (ACGs) were reported to have anti-proliferative activity. However, the underlying mechanisms are still unknown. OBJECTIVE This study determines the mechanisms of anti-proliferative activity induced by Annosquacin B (AB) against MCF-7/ADR cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS The cytotoxicity of AB at varying concentrations (0.64, 1.6, 4, 10, 25, 62.5, 156.25 μM) on MCF-7/ADR cells was assessed using the MTT assay. Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide staining and Acrinidine orange and ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining were employed to investigate whether AB (14, 7, 3.5 μM) could induce apoptosis in MCF-7/ADR cells. Levels of caspase-3 and caspase-9, Bax, Bcl-2 and MAPKs kinases were evaluated by western blot assay following treatment with various concentrations of AB (3.5, 7, 14 μM) at different time points (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12 h). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION MTT assay showed that AB significantly decreased cell viability on MCF-7/ADR (IC50 of 14.69 μM). AB-induced apoptosis in MCF-7/ADR cells through mitochondrial apoptosis pathways. It induced typical apoptosis by morphologic changes; elevate levels of caspase-3, caspase-9 as well as the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2. In addition, AB increased the expression of p-p38 MAPK and decreased the expression of p-JNK, while whether ERK1/2 had an effect on the MCF-7/ADR apoptosis remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yuan
- a College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , China
- b Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Hanlin College , Taizhou , China
| | - Ganggang Bai
- a College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , China
- c Taizhou Institute for Food and Drug Control , Taizhou , China
| | - Yunjie Miao
- a College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , China
| | - Yong Chen
- a College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , China
| | - Xiang Li
- a College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , China
- d Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Chinese Material Medica Processing , Nanjing , China
| | - Jianwei Chen
- a College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , China
- e Jiangsu Key Laboratory for TCM Formulae Research , Nanjing , China
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Zhang H, Liu J, Wang X, Duan C, Wang X, Yang H. V63 and N65 of overexpressed α-synuclein are involved in mitochondrial dysfunction. Brain Res 2016; 1642:308-318. [PMID: 27048753 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's Disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases. α-Synuclein (α-Syn)-encoded by SNCA, the first-identified PD-related gene-is the main component of Lewy bodies, which are a pathological hallmark of PD. We previously reported that α-Syn accumulates in mitochondria in PD, causing mitochondrial abnormalities and disrupting mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) and mitochondrial potential transition pore (mPTP) opening by interacting with the voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) and adenine nucleotide translocator. However, the mechanistic basis of mitochondrial impairment caused by α-Syn has yet to be elucidated. It has been suggested that the amino acid residues Q62, V63, and N65 of α-Syn are important for the interaction of the protein with membranes. To investigate whether this underlies the mitochondrial dysfunction induced by α-Syn overexpression, we mutated these residues to alanine and transfected HEK293T and MN9D cells with the mutated forms of α-Syn protein. The V63A and N65A mutations prevented mitochondrial Ca(2+) overload and Δψm dysregulation as well as complex I inactivation and reactive oxygen species production while blocking mPTP opening and caspase 9 activation, possibly by reducing α-Syn accumulation in mitochondria. These results indicate that V63 and N65 are critical residues mediating mitochondrial inactivation. These findings provide novel insight into the molecular events contributing to PD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilin Zhang
- Center of Parkinson's Disease Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of, Education, Department of Neurobiology Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Center of Parkinson's Disease Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of, Education, Department of Neurobiology Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Center of Parkinson's Disease Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of, Education, Department of Neurobiology Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Chunli Duan
- Center of Parkinson's Disease Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of, Education, Department of Neurobiology Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Center of Parkinson's Disease Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of, Education, Department of Neurobiology Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Center of Parkinson's Disease Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of, Education, Department of Neurobiology Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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Luo JW, Zhang T, Zhang Q, Cao X, Zeng X, Fu Y, Zhang ZR, Gong T. A novel injectable phospholipid gel co-loaded with doxorubicin and bromotetrandrine for resistant breast cancer treatment by intratumoral injection. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 140:538-547. [PMID: 26628333 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Systemically administered anticancer treatments were greatly limited by extensive side effects mainly due to nonspecific distributions in vivo, and multidrug resistance in various tumors. A phospholipids-based in situ-forming gel platform has been developed for the concurrent delivery of doxorubicin (DOX) and bromotetrandrin (W198). Phospholipid gel containing DOX and W198 remained in a solution (sol) state before injection and underwent rapid gelation after injection in vivo. The release of DOX and W198 from phospholipid gel (PG) was sustained in vitro for over 20 days (d). DOX and W198 from PG achieved prolonged release for over two weeks in rats via subcutaneous injection. Compared with repeated injections of free drug, eliminated cardiac toxicity and less bone marrow inhibition were observed for DOX and W198-loaded PG (DOX/W198-PG) in normal rats via subcutaneous injection. Also, a single intratumoral injection of DOX/W198-PG in the resistant MCF-7/Adr xenograft-bearing mice showed much better antitumor efficacy compared to other treatment groups. In sum, DOX/W198-PG was well demonstrated to achieve sustained drug release both in vitro and in vivo with eliminated toxicity and improved antitumor efficacy by reversing the multidrug resistance in breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Wen Luo
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yao Fu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhi-Rong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Gong
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Zhang W, Cai J, Chen S, Zheng X, Hu S, Dong W, Lu J, Xing J, Dong Y. Paclitaxel resistance in MCF-7/PTX cells is reversed by paeonol through suppression of the SET/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:1506-14. [PMID: 25760096 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent types of malignant tumor. Paclitaxel is widely used in the treatment of breast cancer; however, the major problem contributing to the failure of chemotherapy in breast cancer is the development of drug resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to identify novel therapeutic targets and reversal agents for breast cancer. In the present study, the protein expression levels of SET, protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway were determined in MCF-7/PTX human breast carcinoma paclitaxel-resistant cells using western blot analysis. Small interference RNAs (siRNAs) were used to knock down the gene expression of SET in MCF-7/PTX cells and the cell viability was assessed following treatment with paclitaxel, using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assays and flow cytometry. In addition, western blot analysis was used to determined PI3K/Akt pathway activity following SET knockdown. Furthermore, the reversal effects of paeonol on paclitaxel, and its underlying mechanisms of action, were investigated using western blot analysis and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results demonstrated that increased levels of SET and PI3K/Akt pathway proteins were present in the MCF-7/PTX cells, compared with normal MCF-7 cells. Knockdown of SET significantly sensitized MCF-7/PTX cells to paclitaxel and induced cell apoptosis. In addition, the expression levels of the adenosine triphosphate binding cassette (ABC) transporter proteins were significantly reduced in the MCF-7/PTX cells compared with the normal MCF-7 cells. SET-induced paclitaxel resistance was found to be associated with the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway. Paeonol significantly reduced the mRNA and protein expression levels of SET in the MCF-7/PTX cells. Furthermore, paeonol significantly sensitized the MCF-7/PTX to paclitaxel via regulation of ABC transporters, B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2-associated X protein. In addition, paeonol inhibited SET-mediated paclitaxel resistance by attenuating PI3K/Akt pathway activity in the MCF-7/PTX cells. In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrated that SET was associated with paclitaxel resistance in MCF-7/PTX cells, and that paeonol reversed paclitaxel resistance in MCF-7/PTX cells by downregulating the activity of the SET/PP2A/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weipeng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Jiangxia Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Siying Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowei Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Sasa Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Weihua Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Jianfeng Xing
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yalin Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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10
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Sun H, Liu XD, Liu Q, Wang FP, Bao XQ, Zhang D. Reversal of P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance by the novel tetrandrine derivative W6. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2015; 17:638-648. [PMID: 26235354 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2015.1047772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Overexpression of ATP-dependent efflux pump P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is the main cause of multidrug resistance (MDR) and chemotherapy failure in cancer treatment. Inhibition of P-gp-mediated drug efflux is an effective way to overcome cancer drug resistance. The present study investigated the reversal effect of the novel tetrandrine derivative W6 on P-gp-mediated MDR. KBv200, MCF-7/adr and their parental sensitive cell lines KB, MCF-7 were used for reversal study. The intracellular accumulation with P-gp substrates of doxorubicin was determined by flow cytometry. The expression of P-gp and ERK1/2 was investigated by western blot and real-time-PCR (RT-PCR) analysis. ATPase activity of P-gp was performed by P-gp-Glo(TM) assay systems. In comparison with P-gp-negative parental cells, W6 produced a favorable reversal effect in the MDR cells, as determined using the MTT assay. W6 significantly and dose-dependently increased intracellular accumulation of P-gp substrate doxorubicin (DOX) in P-gp overexpressing KBv200 cells, and also inhibited the ATPase activity of P-gp. W6 inhibited P-gp expression in KBv200 cells in a time-dependent manner, but it had no effect on MDR1 expression. In addition, W6 significantly decreased the ERK1/2 activation in KBv200 cells. Our results showed that W6 effectively reversed P-gp-mediated MDR by inhibiting the transport function and expression of P-gp, demonstrating the potential clinical utility of W6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Sun
- a State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines , Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , China
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11
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L-cystathionine inhibits the mitochondria-mediated macrophage apoptosis induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:23059-73. [PMID: 25514411 PMCID: PMC4284754 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151223059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Revised: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the regulatory role of l-cystathionine in human macrophage apoptosis induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and its possible mechanisms. THP-1 cells were induced with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and differentiated into macrophages. Macrophages were incubated with ox-LDL after pretreatment with l-cystathionine. Superoxide anion, apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential, and mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening were examined. Caspase-9 activities and expression of cleaved caspase-3 were measured. The results showed that compared with control group, ox-LDL treatment significantly promoted superoxide anion generation, release of cytochrome c (cytc) from mitochondrion into cytoplasm, caspase-9 activities, cleavage of caspase-3, and cell apoptosis, in addition to reduced mitochondrial membrane potential as well as increased MPTP opening. However, 0.3 and 1.0 mmol/L l-cystathionine significantly reduced superoxide anion generation, increased mitochondrial membrane potential, and markedly decreased MPTP opening in ox-LDL + l-cystathionine macrophages. Moreover, compared to ox-LDL treated-cells, release of cytc from mitochondrion into cytoplasm, caspase-9 activities, cleavage of caspase-3, and apoptosis levels in l-cystathionine pretreated cells were profoundly attenuated. Taken together, our results suggested that l-cystathionine could antagonize mitochondria-mediated human macrophage apoptosis induced by ox-LDL via inhibition of cytc release and caspase activation.
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Jia S, Chen Z, Li J, Chi Y, Wang J, Li S, Luo Y, Geng B, Wang C, Cui Q, Guan Y, Yang J. FAM3A promotes vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration and exacerbates neointima formation in rat artery after balloon injury. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2014; 74:173-82. [PMID: 24857820 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The biological function of FAM3A, the first member of family with sequence similarity 3 (FAM3) gene family, remains largely unknown. This study aimed to determine its role in the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Immunohistochemical staining revealed that FAM3A protein is expressed in the tunica media of rodent arteries, and its expression is reduced with an increase in prostaglandin E receptor 2 (EP2) expression after injury. In vitro, FAM3A overexpression promotes proliferation and migration of VSMCs, whereas FAM3A silencing inhibits these processes. In vivo, FAM3A overexpression results in exaggerated neointima formation of rat carotid artery after balloon injury. FAM3A activates Akt in a PI3K-dependent manner. In contrast, FAM3A induces ERK1/2 activation independent of PI3K. FAM3A protein is subcellularly located in mitochondria, where it affects ATP production and release. Activation of EP2 represses FAM3A expression, leading to impaired ATP production and release in VSMCs. FAM3A-induced activation of Akt and ERK1/2 pathways, proliferation and migration of VSMCs are inhibited by P2 receptor antagonist suramin. Furthermore, inhibition or knockdown of P2Y1 receptor inihibits FAM3A-induced proliferation and migration of VSMCs. In conclusion, FAM3A promotes proliferation and migration of VSMCs via P2Y1 receptor-mediated activation of Akt and ERK1/2 pathways. In injured vessels, FAM3A was repressed by upregulated EP2 expression, leading to the attenuation of ATP-P2Y1 receptor signaling, which is beneficial for preventing excessive proliferation and migration of VSMCs.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Balloon Occlusion
- Carotid Arteries/metabolism
- Carotid Arteries/pathology
- Carotid Artery Injuries/genetics
- Carotid Artery Injuries/metabolism
- Carotid Artery Injuries/pathology
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Cytokines/genetics
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Male
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1/genetics
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1/metabolism
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3/genetics
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Neointima/genetics
- Neointima/metabolism
- Neointima/pathology
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP2 Subtype/genetics
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP2 Subtype/metabolism
- Receptors, Purinergic P2Y1/genetics
- Receptors, Purinergic P2Y1/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Jia
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhenzhen Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yujing Chi
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology & Central Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Jinyu Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Sha Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yanjin Luo
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Bin Geng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qinghua Cui
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Youfei Guan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jichun Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
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Zhang W, Chen BA, Jin JF, He YJ, Niu YQ. Involvement of c-Jun N-terminal kinase in reversal of multidrug resistance of human leukemia cells in hypoxia by 5-bromotetrandrine. Leuk Lymphoma 2013; 54:2506-16. [DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2013.776681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao-an Chen
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-fei Jin
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - You-ji He
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-qi Niu
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Evaluation of cytotoxicity and mechanism of apoptosis of doxorubicin using folate-decorated chitosan nanoparticles for targeted delivery to retinoblastoma. Cancer Nanotechnol 2010; 1:47-62. [PMID: 26069479 PMCID: PMC4452076 DOI: 10.1007/s12645-010-0006-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2010] [Accepted: 10/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles are the new entities that can greatly limit the various side effects of systemic chemotherapy, and that coupled with a targeting moiety enables site-specific delivery of drugs. Folate receptors are overexpressed in retinoblastoma cells, thus these can specifically uptake the drug-loaded nanoparticles, thereby increasing the cytotoxicity at the tumor site. In our work, doxorubicin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles was prepared and then conjugated to folic acid. The conjugation efficiency was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Thereafter, the efficacy of FA-conjugated DOX-CNPs on retinoblastoma cells (Y-79) was analyzed by MTT assay which demonstrated superior cytotoxic effects as compared to unconjugated DOX-CNPs and native DOX. This may be due to enhanced intracellular uptake of DOX-CNPs-FA (30%) than that of DOX-CNPs (13.24%) and native DOX (5.01%), resulting from the high affinity of FA for folate receptors. Finally, the mechanism of doxorubicin-mediated apoptosis in retinoblastoma cell line (Y-79) was investigated which demonstrated that the mitochondrial pathway is activated and that the FA-conjugated DOX-CNPs are most effective and causes enhanced release of cytochrome c as well as the activation of downstream caspases to assist in apoptosis. Thus, the FA-targeted NPs were proved to possess sustainable, controlled, and targeted delivery of anticancer drugs with DOX as a model drug, which may provide a drug delivery system of precise control and targeting effect for the treatment of retinoblastoma.
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Rocha GDG, Simões M, Oliveira RR, Kaplan MAC, Gattass CR. 3β-acetyl tormentic acid induces apoptosis of resistant leukemia cells independently of P-gp/ABCB1 activity or expression. Invest New Drugs 2010; 30:105-13. [DOI: 10.1007/s10637-010-9524-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2010] [Accepted: 08/16/2010] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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