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1
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Hajdú G, Somogyvári M, Csermely P, Sőti C. Lysosome-related organelles promote stress and immune responses in C. elegans. Commun Biol 2023; 6:936. [PMID: 37704756 PMCID: PMC10499889 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05246-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysosome-related organelles (LROs) play diverse roles and their dysfunction causes immunodeficiency. However, their primordial functions remain unclear. Here, we report that C. elegans LROs (gut granules) promote organismal defenses against various stresses. We find that toxic benzaldehyde exposure induces LRO autofluorescence, stimulates the expression of LRO-specific genes and enhances LRO transport capacity as well as increases tolerance to benzaldehyde, heat and oxidative stresses, while these responses are impaired in glo-1/Rab32 and pgp-2 ABC transporter LRO biogenesis mutants. Benzaldehyde upregulates glo-1- and pgp-2-dependent expression of heat shock, detoxification and antimicrobial effector genes, which requires daf-16/FOXO and/or pmk-1/p38MAPK. Finally, benzaldehyde preconditioning increases resistance against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 in a glo-1- and pgp-2-dependent manner, and PA14 infection leads to the deposition of fluorescent metabolites in LROs and induction of LRO genes. Our study suggests that LROs may play a role in systemic responses to stresses and in pathogen resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Hajdú
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Milán Somogyvári
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Csermely
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csaba Sőti
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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2
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Abudahab S, Price ET, Dozmorov MG, Deshpande LS, McClay JL. The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor, Epigenetics and the Aging Process. J Nutr Health Aging 2023; 27:291-300. [PMID: 37170437 PMCID: PMC10947811 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-023-1908-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor, classically associated with the regulation of xenobiotic metabolism in response to environmental toxins. In recent years, transgenic rodent models have implicated AhR in aging and longevity. Moreover, several AhR ligands, such as resveratrol and quercetin, are compounds proven to extend the lifespan of model organisms. In this paper, we first review AhR biology with a focus on aging and highlight several AhR ligands with potential anti-aging properties. We outline how AhR-driven expression of xenobiotic metabolism genes into old age may be a key mechanism through which moderate induction of AhR elicits positive benefits on longevity and healthspan. Furthermore, via integration of publicly available datasets, we show that liver-specific AhR target genes are enriched among genes subject to epigenetic aging. Changes to epigenetic states can profoundly affect transcription factor binding and are a hallmark of the aging process. We suggest that the interplay between AhR and epigenetic aging should be the subject of future research and outline several key gaps in the current literature. Finally, we recommend that a broad range of non-toxic AhR ligands should be investigated for their potential to promote healthspan and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Abudahab
- Sara Abudahab, Smith Building, 410 North 12th Street, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0533, USA.
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3
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Larigot L, Bui LC, de Bouvier M, Pierre O, Pinon G, Fiocca J, Ozeir M, Tourette C, Ottolenghi C, Imbeaud S, Pontoizeau C, Blaise BJ, Chevallier A, Tomkiewicz C, Legrand B, Elena-Herrmann B, Néri C, Brinkmann V, Nioche P, Barouki R, Ventura N, Dairou J, Coumoul X. Identification of Modulators of the C. elegans Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Characterization of Transcriptomic and Metabolic AhR-1 Profiles. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11051030. [PMID: 35624894 PMCID: PMC9137885 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11051030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) is a xenobiotic sensor in vertebrates, regulating the metabolism of its own ligands. However, no ligand has been identified to date for any AhR in invertebrates. In C. elegans, the AhR ortholog, AHR-1, displays physiological functions. Therefore, we compared the transcriptomic and metabolic profiles of worms expressing AHR-1 or not and investigated the putative panel of chemical AHR-1 modulators. The metabolomic profiling indicated a role for AHR-1 in amino acids, carbohydrates, and fatty acids metabolism. The transcriptional profiling in neurons expressing AHR-1, identified 95 down-regulated genes and 76 up-regulated genes associated with neuronal and metabolic functions in the nervous system. A gene reporter system allowed us to identify several AHR-1 modulators including bacterial, dietary, or environmental compounds. These results shed new light on the biological functions of AHR-1 in C. elegans and perspectives on the evolution of the AhR functions across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Larigot
- INSERM UMR-S1124, T3S, Toxicologie Environnementale, Cibles Thérapeutiques, Signalisation Cellulaire et Biomarqueurs, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; (L.L.); (L.-C.B.); (M.d.B.); (O.P.); (G.P.); (J.F.); (M.O.); (C.O.); (A.C.); (C.T.); (B.L.); (P.N.); (R.B.)
- CNRS UMR 8601, Metabolism, Pharmacochemistry and Neurochemistry, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Linh-Chi Bui
- INSERM UMR-S1124, T3S, Toxicologie Environnementale, Cibles Thérapeutiques, Signalisation Cellulaire et Biomarqueurs, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; (L.L.); (L.-C.B.); (M.d.B.); (O.P.); (G.P.); (J.F.); (M.O.); (C.O.); (A.C.); (C.T.); (B.L.); (P.N.); (R.B.)
- Unité de biologie fonctionnelle et adaptative, UMR 8251, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Marine de Bouvier
- INSERM UMR-S1124, T3S, Toxicologie Environnementale, Cibles Thérapeutiques, Signalisation Cellulaire et Biomarqueurs, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; (L.L.); (L.-C.B.); (M.d.B.); (O.P.); (G.P.); (J.F.); (M.O.); (C.O.); (A.C.); (C.T.); (B.L.); (P.N.); (R.B.)
| | - Ophélie Pierre
- INSERM UMR-S1124, T3S, Toxicologie Environnementale, Cibles Thérapeutiques, Signalisation Cellulaire et Biomarqueurs, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; (L.L.); (L.-C.B.); (M.d.B.); (O.P.); (G.P.); (J.F.); (M.O.); (C.O.); (A.C.); (C.T.); (B.L.); (P.N.); (R.B.)
- Laboratoire Interactions Epithéliums-Neurones (LIEN), Université de Brest, EA4685, 29200 Brest, France
| | - Grégory Pinon
- INSERM UMR-S1124, T3S, Toxicologie Environnementale, Cibles Thérapeutiques, Signalisation Cellulaire et Biomarqueurs, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; (L.L.); (L.-C.B.); (M.d.B.); (O.P.); (G.P.); (J.F.); (M.O.); (C.O.); (A.C.); (C.T.); (B.L.); (P.N.); (R.B.)
- Structural and Molecular Analysis Platform, Biomedtech Facilities, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Justine Fiocca
- INSERM UMR-S1124, T3S, Toxicologie Environnementale, Cibles Thérapeutiques, Signalisation Cellulaire et Biomarqueurs, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; (L.L.); (L.-C.B.); (M.d.B.); (O.P.); (G.P.); (J.F.); (M.O.); (C.O.); (A.C.); (C.T.); (B.L.); (P.N.); (R.B.)
- Structural and Molecular Analysis Platform, Biomedtech Facilities, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Mohammad Ozeir
- INSERM UMR-S1124, T3S, Toxicologie Environnementale, Cibles Thérapeutiques, Signalisation Cellulaire et Biomarqueurs, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; (L.L.); (L.-C.B.); (M.d.B.); (O.P.); (G.P.); (J.F.); (M.O.); (C.O.); (A.C.); (C.T.); (B.L.); (P.N.); (R.B.)
- Structural and Molecular Analysis Platform, Biomedtech Facilities, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Cendrine Tourette
- Centre Paul Broca, INSERM U894 Neuronal Cell Biology & Pathology & EA Université Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France;
| | - Chris Ottolenghi
- INSERM UMR-S1124, T3S, Toxicologie Environnementale, Cibles Thérapeutiques, Signalisation Cellulaire et Biomarqueurs, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; (L.L.); (L.-C.B.); (M.d.B.); (O.P.); (G.P.); (J.F.); (M.O.); (C.O.); (A.C.); (C.T.); (B.L.); (P.N.); (R.B.)
- AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Service de Biochimie Métabolique, 75015 Paris, France;
| | - Sandrine Imbeaud
- Gif/Orsay DNA MicroArray Platform, 91190 Gif sur Yvette, France;
| | - Clément Pontoizeau
- AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Service de Biochimie Métabolique, 75015 Paris, France;
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très Hauts Champs, Univ. Lyon, CNRS, UCBL, ENS Lyon, 69100 Villeurbanne, France; (B.J.B.); (B.E.-H.)
| | - Benjamin J. Blaise
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très Hauts Champs, Univ. Lyon, CNRS, UCBL, ENS Lyon, 69100 Villeurbanne, France; (B.J.B.); (B.E.-H.)
| | - Aline Chevallier
- INSERM UMR-S1124, T3S, Toxicologie Environnementale, Cibles Thérapeutiques, Signalisation Cellulaire et Biomarqueurs, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; (L.L.); (L.-C.B.); (M.d.B.); (O.P.); (G.P.); (J.F.); (M.O.); (C.O.); (A.C.); (C.T.); (B.L.); (P.N.); (R.B.)
| | - Céline Tomkiewicz
- INSERM UMR-S1124, T3S, Toxicologie Environnementale, Cibles Thérapeutiques, Signalisation Cellulaire et Biomarqueurs, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; (L.L.); (L.-C.B.); (M.d.B.); (O.P.); (G.P.); (J.F.); (M.O.); (C.O.); (A.C.); (C.T.); (B.L.); (P.N.); (R.B.)
| | - Béatrice Legrand
- INSERM UMR-S1124, T3S, Toxicologie Environnementale, Cibles Thérapeutiques, Signalisation Cellulaire et Biomarqueurs, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; (L.L.); (L.-C.B.); (M.d.B.); (O.P.); (G.P.); (J.F.); (M.O.); (C.O.); (A.C.); (C.T.); (B.L.); (P.N.); (R.B.)
| | - Bénédicte Elena-Herrmann
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très Hauts Champs, Univ. Lyon, CNRS, UCBL, ENS Lyon, 69100 Villeurbanne, France; (B.J.B.); (B.E.-H.)
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, INSERM, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Christian Néri
- CNRS UMR 8256, Inserm ERL U1164, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France;
| | - Vanessa Brinkmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostic, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Moorenstr 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (V.B.); (N.V.)
- Leibniz Institute for Environmental Medicine (IUF), Auf’m Hennekamp 50, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Pierre Nioche
- INSERM UMR-S1124, T3S, Toxicologie Environnementale, Cibles Thérapeutiques, Signalisation Cellulaire et Biomarqueurs, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; (L.L.); (L.-C.B.); (M.d.B.); (O.P.); (G.P.); (J.F.); (M.O.); (C.O.); (A.C.); (C.T.); (B.L.); (P.N.); (R.B.)
- Structural and Molecular Analysis Platform, Biomedtech Facilities, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Robert Barouki
- INSERM UMR-S1124, T3S, Toxicologie Environnementale, Cibles Thérapeutiques, Signalisation Cellulaire et Biomarqueurs, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; (L.L.); (L.-C.B.); (M.d.B.); (O.P.); (G.P.); (J.F.); (M.O.); (C.O.); (A.C.); (C.T.); (B.L.); (P.N.); (R.B.)
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Natascia Ventura
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostic, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Moorenstr 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (V.B.); (N.V.)
- Leibniz Institute for Environmental Medicine (IUF), Auf’m Hennekamp 50, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Julien Dairou
- CNRS UMR 8601, Metabolism, Pharmacochemistry and Neurochemistry, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
- Correspondence: (J.D.); (X.C.); Tel.: +33-1-42-86-91-21 (J.D.); +33-1-42-86-33-59 (X.C.)
| | - Xavier Coumoul
- INSERM UMR-S1124, T3S, Toxicologie Environnementale, Cibles Thérapeutiques, Signalisation Cellulaire et Biomarqueurs, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; (L.L.); (L.-C.B.); (M.d.B.); (O.P.); (G.P.); (J.F.); (M.O.); (C.O.); (A.C.); (C.T.); (B.L.); (P.N.); (R.B.)
- Correspondence: (J.D.); (X.C.); Tel.: +33-1-42-86-91-21 (J.D.); +33-1-42-86-33-59 (X.C.)
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4
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Brinkmann V, Romeo M, Larigot L, Hemmers A, Tschage L, Kleinjohann J, Schiavi A, Steinwachs S, Esser C, Menzel R, Giani Tagliabue S, Bonati L, Cox F, Ale-Agha N, Jakobs P, Altschmied J, Haendeler J, Coumoul X, Ventura N. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-Dependent and -Independent Pathways Mediate Curcumin Anti-Aging Effects. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:613. [PMID: 35453298 PMCID: PMC9024831 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor whose activity can be modulated by polyphenols, such as curcumin. AhR and curcumin have evolutionarily conserved effects on aging. Here, we investigated whether and how the AhR mediates the anti-aging effects of curcumin across species. Using a combination of in vivo, in vitro, and in silico analyses, we demonstrated that curcumin has AhR-dependent or -independent effects in a context-specific manner. We found that in Caenorhabditis elegans, AhR mediates curcumin-induced lifespan extension, most likely through a ligand-independent inhibitory mechanism related to its antioxidant activity. Curcumin also showed AhR-independent anti-aging activities, such as protection against aggregation-prone proteins and oxidative stress in C. elegans and promotion of the migratory capacity of human primary endothelial cells. These AhR-independent effects are largely mediated by the Nrf2/SKN-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Brinkmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostic, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (V.B.); (M.R.); (A.S.); (F.C.); (N.A.-A.); (P.J.); (J.A.); (J.H.)
- IUF—Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf’m Hennekamp 50, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (A.H.); (L.T.); (J.K.); (S.S.); (C.E.)
| | - Margherita Romeo
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostic, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (V.B.); (M.R.); (A.S.); (F.C.); (N.A.-A.); (P.J.); (J.A.); (J.H.)
- IUF—Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf’m Hennekamp 50, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (A.H.); (L.T.); (J.K.); (S.S.); (C.E.)
| | - Lucie Larigot
- Faculté des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, Université de Paris, 45 Rue des Saints-Pères, F-75006 Paris, France; (L.L.); (X.C.)
| | - Anne Hemmers
- IUF—Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf’m Hennekamp 50, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (A.H.); (L.T.); (J.K.); (S.S.); (C.E.)
| | - Lisa Tschage
- IUF—Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf’m Hennekamp 50, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (A.H.); (L.T.); (J.K.); (S.S.); (C.E.)
| | - Jennifer Kleinjohann
- IUF—Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf’m Hennekamp 50, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (A.H.); (L.T.); (J.K.); (S.S.); (C.E.)
| | - Alfonso Schiavi
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostic, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (V.B.); (M.R.); (A.S.); (F.C.); (N.A.-A.); (P.J.); (J.A.); (J.H.)
- IUF—Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf’m Hennekamp 50, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (A.H.); (L.T.); (J.K.); (S.S.); (C.E.)
| | - Swantje Steinwachs
- IUF—Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf’m Hennekamp 50, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (A.H.); (L.T.); (J.K.); (S.S.); (C.E.)
| | - Charlotte Esser
- IUF—Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf’m Hennekamp 50, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (A.H.); (L.T.); (J.K.); (S.S.); (C.E.)
| | - Ralph Menzel
- Institute of Biology, Humboldt-University Berlin, Philippstr. 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Sara Giani Tagliabue
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy; (S.G.T.); (L.B.)
| | - Laura Bonati
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy; (S.G.T.); (L.B.)
| | - Fiona Cox
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostic, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (V.B.); (M.R.); (A.S.); (F.C.); (N.A.-A.); (P.J.); (J.A.); (J.H.)
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Niloofar Ale-Agha
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostic, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (V.B.); (M.R.); (A.S.); (F.C.); (N.A.-A.); (P.J.); (J.A.); (J.H.)
| | - Philipp Jakobs
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostic, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (V.B.); (M.R.); (A.S.); (F.C.); (N.A.-A.); (P.J.); (J.A.); (J.H.)
| | - Joachim Altschmied
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostic, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (V.B.); (M.R.); (A.S.); (F.C.); (N.A.-A.); (P.J.); (J.A.); (J.H.)
- IUF—Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf’m Hennekamp 50, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (A.H.); (L.T.); (J.K.); (S.S.); (C.E.)
| | - Judith Haendeler
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostic, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (V.B.); (M.R.); (A.S.); (F.C.); (N.A.-A.); (P.J.); (J.A.); (J.H.)
| | - Xavier Coumoul
- Faculté des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, Université de Paris, 45 Rue des Saints-Pères, F-75006 Paris, France; (L.L.); (X.C.)
| | - Natascia Ventura
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostic, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (V.B.); (M.R.); (A.S.); (F.C.); (N.A.-A.); (P.J.); (J.A.); (J.H.)
- IUF—Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf’m Hennekamp 50, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (A.H.); (L.T.); (J.K.); (S.S.); (C.E.)
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Serna E, Cespedes C, Vina J. Anti-Aging Physiological Roles of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Its Dietary Regulators. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010374. [PMID: 33396477 PMCID: PMC7795126 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The vast majority of the literature on the aryl hydrocarbon receptor is concerned with its functions in xenobiotic detoxification. However, in the course of evolution, this receptor had to have physiological (rather than toxicological) functions. Our aim was to review the aryl hydrocarbon receptor’s role in the physiological functions involved in aging. This study was performed by searching the MEDLINE and Google Academic databases. A total of 34 articles were selected that focused specifically on the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and aging, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and physiological functions, and the combination of both. This receptor’s main physiological functions (mediated by the modulation of gene expression) were cell regeneration, the immune reaction, intestinal homeostasis, and cell proliferation. Furthermore, it was shown that the loss of this receptor led to premature aging. This process may be caused by the dysregulation of hematopoietic stem cells, loss of glucose and lipid homeostasis, increase in inflammation, and deterioration of the brain. We conclude that the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, apart from its well-established role in xenobiotic detoxication, plays an important role in physiological functions and in the aging process. Modulation of the signaling pathway of this receptor could be a therapeutic target of interest in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Serna
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-96-386-41-00 (ext. 83171)
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6
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Brinkmann V, Schiavi A, Shaik A, Puchta DR, Ventura N. Dietary and environmental factors have opposite AhR-dependent effects on C. elegans healthspan. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 13:104-133. [PMID: 33349622 PMCID: PMC7835051 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Genetic, dietary, and environmental factors concurrently shape the aging process. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) was discovered as a dioxin-binding transcription factor involved in the metabolism of different environmental toxicants in vertebrates. Since then, the variety of pathophysiological processes regulated by the AhR has grown, ranging from immune response, metabolic pathways, and aging. Many modulators of AhR activity may impact on aging and age-associated pathologies, but, whether their effects are AhR-dependent has never been explored. Here, using Caenorhabditis elegans, as an elective model organism for aging studies, we show for the first time that lack of CeAHR-1 can have opposite effects on health and lifespan in a context-dependent manner. Using known mammalian AhR modulators we found that, ahr-1 protects against environmental insults (benzo(a)pyrene and UVB light) and identified a new role for AhR-bacterial diet interaction in animal lifespan, stress resistance, and age-associated pathologies. We narrowed down the dietary factor to a bacterially extruded metabolite likely involved in tryptophan metabolism. This is the first study clearly establishing C. elegans as a good model organism to investigate evolutionarily conserved functions of AhR-modulators and -regulated processes, indicating it can be exploited to contribute to the discovery of novel information about AhR in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Brinkmann
- Leibniz Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf’m Hennekamp 50, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alfonso Schiavi
- Leibniz Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf’m Hennekamp 50, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostic, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anjumara Shaik
- Leibniz Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf’m Hennekamp 50, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostic, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Daniel Rüdiger Puchta
- Leibniz Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf’m Hennekamp 50, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Natascia Ventura
- Leibniz Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf’m Hennekamp 50, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostic, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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Harris JB, Hartman JH, Luz AL, Wilson JY, Dinyari A, Meyer JN. Zebrafish CYP1A expression in transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans protects from exposures to benzo[a]pyrene and a complex polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon mixture. Toxicology 2020; 440:152473. [PMID: 32360973 PMCID: PMC7313633 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2020.152473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are environmental toxicants primarily produced during incomplete combustion; some are carcinogens. PAHs can be safely metabolized or, paradoxically, bioactivated via specific cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes to more reactive metabolites, some of which can damage DNA and proteins. Among the CYP isoforms implicated in PAH metabolism, CYP1A enzymes have been reported to both sensitize and protect from PAH toxicity. To clarify the role of CYP1A in PAH toxicity, we generated transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans that express CYP1A at a basal (but not inducible) level. Because this species does not normally express any CYP1 family enzyme, this approach permitted a test of the role of basally expressed CYP1A in PAH toxicity. We exposed C. elegans at different life stages to either the PAH benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) alone, or a real-world mixture dominated by PAHs extracted from the sediment of a highly contaminated site on the Elizabeth River (VA, USA). This site, the former Atlantic Wood Industries, was declared a Superfund site due to coal tar creosote contamination that caused very high levels (in the [mg/mL] range) of high molecular weight PAHs within the sediments. We demonstrate that CYP1A protects against BaP-induced growth delay, reproductive toxicity, and reduction of steady state ATP levels. Lack of sensitivity of a DNA repair (Nucleotide Excision Repair)-deficient strain suggested that CYP1A did not produce significant levels of DNA-reactive metabolites from BaP. The protective effects of CYP1A in Elizabeth River sediment extract (ERSE)-exposed nematodes were less pronounced than those seen in BaP-exposed nematodes; CYP1A expression protected against ERSE-induced reduction of steady-state ATP levels, but not other outcomes of exposure to sediment extracts. Overall, we find that in C. elegans, a basal level of CYP1A activity is protective against the examined PAH exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie B Harris
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Box 90328, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Jessica H Hartman
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Box 90328, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Anthony L Luz
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Box 90328, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Joanna Y Wilson
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Audrey Dinyari
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Box 90328, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Joel N Meyer
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Box 90328, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.
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8
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Brinkmann V, Ale-Agha N, Haendeler J, Ventura N. The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) in the Aging Process: Another Puzzling Role for This Highly Conserved Transcription Factor. Front Physiol 2020; 10:1561. [PMID: 32009975 PMCID: PMC6971224 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is the most important risk factor for the development of major life-threatening diseases such as cardiovascular disorders, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders. The aging process is characterized by the accumulation of damage to intracellular macromolecules and it is concurrently shaped by genetic, environmental and nutritional factors. These factors influence the functionality of mitochondria, which play a central role in the aging process. Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the hallmarks of aging and is associated with increased fluxes of ROS leading to damage of mitochondrial components, impaired metabolism of fatty acids, dysregulated glucose metabolism, and damage of adjacent organelles. Interestingly, many of the environmental (e.g., pollutants and other toxicants) and nutritional (e.g., flavonoids, carotenoids) factors influencing aging and mitochondrial function also directly or indirectly affect the activity of a highly conserved transcription factor, the Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR). Therefore, it is not surprising that many studies have already indicated a role of this versatile transcription factor in the aging process. We also recently found that the AhR promotes aging phenotypes across species. In this manuscript, we systematically review the existing literature on the contradictory studies indicating either pro- or anti-aging effects of the AhR and try to reconcile the seemingly conflicting data considering a possible dependency on the animal model, tissue, as well as level of AhR expression and activation. Moreover, given the crucial role of mitochondria in the aging process, we summarize the growing body of evidence pointing toward the influence of AhR on mitochondria, which can be of potential relevance for aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Brinkmann
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Niloofar Ale-Agha
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Judith Haendeler
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostic, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Natascia Ventura
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostic, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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9
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Lo JY, Spatola BN, Curran SP. WDR23 regulates NRF2 independently of KEAP1. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1006762. [PMID: 28453520 PMCID: PMC5428976 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular adaptation to stress is essential to ensure organismal survival. NRF2/NFE2L2 is a key determinant of xenobiotic stress responses, and loss of negative regulation by the KEAP1-CUL3 proteasome system is implicated in several chemo- and radiation-resistant cancers. Advantageously using C. elegans alongside human cell culture models, we establish a new WDR23-DDB1-CUL4 regulatory axis for NRF2 activity that operates independently of the canonical KEAP1-CUL3 system. WDR23 binds the DIDLID sequence within the Neh2 domain of NRF2 to regulate its stability; this regulation is not dependent on the KEAP1-binding DLG or ETGE motifs. The C-terminal domain of WDR23 is highly conserved and involved in regulation of NRF2 by the DDB1-CUL4 complex. The addition of WDR23 increases cellular sensitivity to cytotoxic chemotherapeutic drugs and suppresses NRF2 in KEAP1-negative cancer cell lines. Together, our results identify WDR23 as an alternative regulator of NRF2 proteostasis and uncover a cellular pathway that regulates NRF2 activity and capacity for cytoprotection independently of KEAP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Y. Lo
- University of Southern California, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- University of Southern California, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, Department of Molecular and Computational Biology, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Brett N. Spatola
- University of Southern California, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- University of Southern California, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, Department of Molecular and Computational Biology, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Sean P. Curran
- University of Southern California, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- University of Southern California, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, Department of Molecular and Computational Biology, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
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10
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Henry P, Owopetu O, Adisa D, Nguyen T, Anthony K, Ijoni-Animadu D, Jamadar S, Abdel-Rahman F, Saleh MA. Fatty acids composition of Caenorhabditis elegans using accurate mass GCMS-QTOF. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2016; 51:546-552. [PMID: 27166662 PMCID: PMC5052121 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2016.1170555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The free living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is a proven model organism for lipid metabolism research. Total lipids of C. elegans were extracted using chloroform and methanol in 2:1 ratio (v/v). Fatty acids composition of the extracted total lipids was converted to their corresponding fatty acids methyl esters (FAMEs) and analyzed by gas chromatography/accurate mass quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry using both electron ionization and chemical ionization techniques. Twenty-eight fatty acids consisting of 12 to 22 carbon atoms were identified, 65% of them were unsaturated. Fatty acids containing 12 to17 carbons were mostly saturated with stearic acid (18:0) as the major constituent. Several branched-chain fatty acids were identified. Methyl-14-methylhexadecanoate (iso- 17:0) was the major identified branched fatty acid. This is the first report to detect the intact molecular parent ions of the identified fatty acids in C. elegans using chemical ionization compared to electron ionization which produced fragmentations of the FAMEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parise Henry
- Department of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas 77004, USA
| | - Olufunmilayo Owopetu
- Department of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas 77004, USA
| | - Demilade Adisa
- Department of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas 77004, USA
| | - Thao Nguyen
- Department of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas 77004, USA
| | - Kevin Anthony
- Department of Chemistry, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas 77004, USA
| | - David Ijoni-Animadu
- Department of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas 77004, USA
| | - Sakha Jamadar
- Department of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas 77004, USA
| | | | - Mahmoud A. Saleh
- Department of Chemistry, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas 77004, USA
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11
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Ko CI, Fan Y, de Gannes M, Wang Q, Xia Y, Puga A. Repression of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Is Required to Maintain Mitotic Progression and Prevent Loss of Pluripotency of Embryonic Stem Cells. Stem Cells 2016; 34:2825-2839. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.2456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-I Ko
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine; Cincinnati Ohio USA
| | - Yunxia Fan
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine; Cincinnati Ohio USA
| | - Matthew de Gannes
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine; Cincinnati Ohio USA
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine; Cincinnati Ohio USA
| | - Ying Xia
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine; Cincinnati Ohio USA
| | - Alvaro Puga
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine; Cincinnati Ohio USA
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12
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Jaronen M, Quintana FJ. Immunological Relevance of the Coevolution of IDO1 and AHR. Front Immunol 2014; 5:521. [PMID: 25368620 PMCID: PMC4202789 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor initially identified because of its role in controlling the cellular response to environmental molecules. More recently, AHR has been shown to play a crucial role in controlling innate and adaptive immune responses through several mechanisms, one of which is the regulation of tryptophan metabolism. Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) are considered rate-limiting enzymes in the tryptophan catabolism and play important roles in the regulation of the immunity. Moreover, AHR and IDO/TDO are closely interconnected: AHR regulates IDO and TDO expression, and kynurenine produced by IDO/TDO is an AHR agonist. In this review, we propose to examine the relationship between AHR and IDO/TDO and its relevance for the regulation of the immune response in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merja Jaronen
- Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA
| | - Francisco J Quintana
- Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA
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13
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Aarnio V, Heikkinen L, Peltonen J, Goldsteins G, Lakso M, Wong G. Transcriptional profiling reveals differential expression of a neuropeptide-like protein and pseudogenes in aryl hydrocarbon receptor-1 mutant Caenorhabditis elegans. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2014; 9:40-8. [PMID: 24463456 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) functions in higher organisms in development, metabolism and toxic responses. Its Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) ortholog, AHR-1, facilitates neuronal development, growth and movement. We investigated the effect of AHR mutation on the transcriptional profile of L4 stage C. elegans using RNA-seq and quantitative real time PCR in order to understand better AHR-1 function at the genomic level. Illumina HiSeq 2000 sequencing yielded 51.1, 61.2 and 54.0 million reads from wild-type controls, ahr-1(ia03) and ahr-1(ju145) mutants, respectively, providing detection of over 18,000 transcripts in each sample. Fourteen transcripts were over-expressed and 125 under-expressed in both ahr-1 mutants when compared to wild-type. Under-expressed genes included soluble guanylate cyclase (gcy) family genes, some of which were previously demonstrated to be regulated by AHR-1. A neuropeptide-like protein gene, nlp-20, and a F-box domain protein gene fbxa-192 and its pseudogenes fbxa-191 and fbxa-193 were also under-expressed. Conserved xenobiotic response elements were identified in the 5' flanking regions of some but not all of the gcy, nlp-20, and fbxa genes. These results extend previous studies demonstrating control of gcy family gene expression by AHR-1, and furthermore suggest a role of AHR-1 in regulation of a neuropeptide gene as well as pseudogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vuokko Aarnio
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics, A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Department of Neurobiology, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, 70211 Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Liisa Heikkinen
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics, A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Department of Neurobiology, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, 70211 Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Juhani Peltonen
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics, A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Department of Neurobiology, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, 70211 Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Gundars Goldsteins
- Laboratory of Molecular Brain Research, A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Department of Neurobiology, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, 70211 Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Merja Lakso
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics, A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Department of Neurobiology, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, 70211 Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Garry Wong
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics, A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Department of Neurobiology, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, 70211 Kuopio, Finland.
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14
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Zheng S, Chen B, Qiu X, Lin K, Yu X. Three novel cytochrome P450 genes identified in the marine polychaete Perinereis nuntia and their transcriptional response to xenobiotics. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2013; 134-135:11-22. [PMID: 23542651 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2012] [Revised: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Polychaetes have previously been used as bioindicators of environmental pollution. Their ability to eliminate organic pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) has been extensively analyzed. However, the cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYP) genes in polychaetes, which catalyze the first step of oxidative degradation of PAHs, have received little attention. Based on the partial sequences of three CYP genes that were enriched by subtractive cDNA libraries of the polychaete Perinereis nuntia, we amplified and sequenced the full-length cDNA of these novel CYP genes. These genes were named CYP4BB2, CYP423A1 and CYP424A1 by the Cytochrome P450 Nomenclature Committee. The deduced amino acid sequence of CYP4BB2 in P. nuntia showed 68% sequence identity to CYP4BB1 in Nereis virens, and was listed as a new member of the CYP4BB subfamily. The sequence of CYP423A1 and CYP424A1 both share less than 40% sequence identity to all known CYP enzymes and were classed into new CYP families. CYP family members are composite parts of a larger group called a clan. CYP4BB2 and CYP424A1 are listed as CYP4 clan members, while CYP423A1 is of the CYP2 clan. The 3D structures of these P. nuntia CYPs were successfully predicted by homology-modeling using the SWISS-MODEL workspace. The models of CYP424A1 and CYP4BB2 were created using 1jpzB (CYP102A) as a template, while CYP423A1 utilized 3czhB (CYP2R1) as its template. The presence of characteristic CYP superfamily motifs, such as the F-G⋯C-G amino acid sequence, and the conservation of the three-dimensional CYP structure shown by the modeling, suggested that these novel P. nuntia CYP genes may contain conserved functional domains of CYP monooxygenases. To examine the effect of xenobiotics on living organisms, we analyzed the transcriptional levels of these three new CYP genes in sandworms (P. nuntia) exposed to seawater artificially contaminated with benzo[a]pyrene (BaP). We also exposed individuals to industrial wastewater collected from Quanzhou Bay, Fujian, China, which was known to be contaminated with PAHs. Worms exposed to BaP had significantly higher levels of CYP4BB2, CYP423A1 and CYP424A1 mRNA. Transcription was up-regulated 5.9-, 5.3- and 12.3-folds respectively compared with the control worms living in clean seawater. The transcriptional levels of CYPs in worms cultured in the diluted wastewater collected from Quanzhou Bay, all positively correlated with the levels of PAHs detected in the water. The transcriptional up-regulation of the three CYP genes observed in this study, suggest the monooxygenases encoded by these CYP genes may play an important role in the detoxification of PAHs in this polychaete worm. These CYPs maybe essential for the adaptation of worms to contaminated environments and may be useful in the assessment of xenobiotic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senlin Zheng
- Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, 178 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China.
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15
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Peltonen J, Aarnio V, Heikkinen L, Lakso M, Wong G. Chronic ethanol exposure increases cytochrome P-450 and decreases activated in blocked unfolded protein response gene family transcripts in caenorhabditis elegans. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2013; 27:219-28. [PMID: 23381935 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.21473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Ethanol is a widely consumed and rapidly absorbed toxin. While the physiological effects of ethanol consumption are well known, the underlying biochemical and molecular changes at the gene expression level in whole animals remain obscure. We exposed the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans to 0.2 M ethanol from the embryo to L4 larva stage and assayed gene expression changes in whole animals using RNA-Seq and quantitative real-time PCR. We observed gene expression changes in 1122 genes (411 up, 711 down). Cytochrome P-450 (CYP) gene family members (12 of 78) were upregulated, whereas activated in blocked unfolded protein response (ABU) (7 of 15) were downregulated. Other detoxification gene family members were also regulated including four glutathione-S-transferases and three flavin monooxygenases. The results presented show specific gene expression changes following chronic ethanol exposure in C. elegans that indicate both persistent upregulation of detoxification response genes and downregulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhani Peltonen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Department of Neurobiology, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1E, 70210, Kuopio, Finland
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16
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La Merrill M, Emond C, Kim MJ, Antignac JP, Le Bizec B, Clément K, Birnbaum LS, Barouki R. Toxicological function of adipose tissue: focus on persistent organic pollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2013; 121:162-9. [PMID: 23221922 PMCID: PMC3569688 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1205485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose tissue (AT) is involved in several physiological functions, including metabolic regulation, energy storage, and endocrine functions. OBJECTIVES In this review we examined the evidence that an additional function of AT is to modulate persistent organic pollutant (POP) toxicity through several mechanisms. METHODS We reviewed the literature on the interaction of AT with POPs to provide a comprehensive model for this additional function of AT. DISCUSSION As a storage compartment for lipophilic POPs, AT plays a critical role in the toxicokinetics of a variety of drugs and pollutants, in particular, POPs. By sequestering POPs, AT can protect other organs and tissues from POPs overload. However, this protective function could prove to be a threat in the long run. The accumulation of lipophilic POPs will increase total body burden. These accumulated POPs are slowly released into the bloodstream, and more so during weight loss. Thus, AT constitutes a continual source of internal exposure to POPs. In addition to its buffering function, AT is also a target of POPs and may mediate part of their metabolic effects. This is particularly relevant because many POPs induce obesogenic effects that may lead to quantitative and qualitative alterations of AT. Some POPs also induce a proinflammatory state in AT, which may lead to detrimental metabolic effects. CONCLUSION AT appears to play diverse functions both as a modulator and as a target of POPs toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele La Merrill
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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17
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Choe KP, Leung CK, Miyamoto MM. Unique structure and regulation of the nematode detoxification gene regulator, SKN-1: implications to understanding and controlling drug resistance. Drug Metab Rev 2012; 44:209-23. [PMID: 22656429 PMCID: PMC3398467 DOI: 10.3109/03602532.2012.684799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Nematodes parasitize an alarming number of people and agricultural animals globally and cause debilitating morbidity and mortality. Anthelmintics have been the primary tools used to control parasitic nematodes for the past several decades, but drug resistance is becoming a major obstacle. Xenobiotic detoxification pathways defend against drugs and other foreign chemicals in diverse organisms, and evidence is accumulating that they play a role in mediating resistance to anthelmintics in nematodes. Related antioxidation pathways may also provide filarial parasites with protection against host free-radical-mediated immune responses. Upstream regulatory pathways have received almost no attention in nematode parasites, despite their potential to coregulate multiple detoxification and antioxidation genes. The nuclear eurythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) transcription factor mediates inducible detoxification and antioxidation defenses in mammals, and recent studies have demonstrated that it promotes multidrug resistance in some human tumors. Recent studies in the free-living model nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, have defined the homologous transcription factor, SKN-1, as a master regulator of detoxification and antioxidation genes. Despite similar functions, SKN-1 and NRF2 have important differences in structure and regulatory pathways. Protein alignment and phylogenetic analyses indicate that these differences are shared among many nematodes, making SKN-1 a candidate for specifically targeting nematode detoxification and antioxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith P Choe
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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18
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Aarnio V, Lehtonen M, Storvik M, Callaway JC, Lakso M, Wong G. Caenorhabditis Elegans Mutants Predict Regulation of Fatty Acids and Endocannabinoids by the CYP-35A Gene Family. Front Pharmacol 2011; 2:12. [PMID: 21687507 PMCID: PMC3108558 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2011.00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Accepted: 02/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) are mono-oxygenases that metabolize endogenous compounds, such as fatty acids and lipid signaling molecules, and furthermore have a role in metabolism of xenobiotics. In order to investigate the role of CYP genes in fat metabolism at the molecular level, four Caenorhabditis elegans mutants lacking functional CYP-35A1, CYP-35A2, CYP-35A4, and CYP-35A5 were characterized. Relative amounts of fatty acids, as well as endocannabinoids, which regulate weight gain and accumulation of fats in mammals, were measured while fat contents in worms were visualized using Oil-Red-O staining. RESULTS The cyp-35A1 and cyp-35A5 mutants had a significantly lower intestinal fat content than wild-type animals, whereas cyp-35A2 and cyp-35A4 mutants appeared normal. The overall fatty acid compositions of CYP mutants did not alter dramatically, although modest but significant changes were observed. cyp-35A1 and cyp-35A5 mutants had significantly higher levels of C18:1n7 and lower C18:2n6c. All four mutants had higher relative amounts of C18:1n7 than the wild-type. In the cyp-35A5 mutant, the levels of the endocannabinoid anandamide were found to be 4.6-fold higher than in wild-type. Several fatty acid synthesis genes were over-expressed in cyp-35A1 including fat-2. Feeding oleic or elaidic triglycerides to wild-type animals demonstrated that cyp-35A1 transcriptional levels are insensitive to environmental exposure of these fats, while cyp-35A2, cyp-35A4, and cyp-35A5 were significantly down regulated. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate a dynamic role for CYP-35A subfamily members in maintaining the diversity of fatty acid profiles in C. elegans, and more generally highlight the importance of CYPs in generating both structural and signaling fatty acid functions in other organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vuokko Aarnio
- Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Department of Neurobiology, A. I. Virtanen Institute, Biocenter Finland, University of Eastern Finland Kuopio, Finland
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