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Qin R, Nong J, Wang K, Liu Y, Zhou S, Hu M, Zhao H, Shan G. Recent Advances in Flexible Pressure Sensors Based on MXene Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2312761. [PMID: 38380773 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
In the past decade, with the rapid development of wearable electronics, medical health monitoring, the Internet of Things, and flexible intelligent robots, flexible pressure sensors have received unprecedented attention. As a very important kind of electronic component for information transmission and collection, flexible pressure sensors have gained a wide application prospect in the fields of aerospace, biomedical and health monitoring, electronic skin, and human-machine interface. In recent years, MXene has attracted extensive attention because of its unique 2D layered structure, high conductivity, rich surface terminal groups, and hydrophilicity, which has brought a new breakthrough for flexible sensing. Thus, it has become a revolutionary pressure-sensitive material with great potential. In this work, the recent advances of MXene-based flexible pressure sensors are reviewed from the aspects of sensing type, sensing mechanism, material selection, structural design, preparation strategy, and sensing application. The methods and strategies to improve the performance of MXene-based flexible pressure sensors are analyzed in details. Finally, the opportunities and challenges faced by MXene-based flexible pressure sensors are discussed. This review will bring the research and development of MXene-based flexible sensors to a new high level, promoting the wider research exploitation and practical application of MXene materials in flexible pressure sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruzhan Qin
- College of Automation, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
- School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-electronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Juan Nong
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Keqiang Wang
- College of Automation, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Yishen Liu
- Institute of Intelligent Manufacturing, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Modern Control Technology, Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Songbin Zhou
- Institute of Intelligent Manufacturing, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Modern Control Technology, Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Mingjun Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hongbin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Smart Sensing, General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Guangcun Shan
- School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-electronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
- College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 10068, China
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Fang K, Li P, Zhang B, Liu S, Zhao X, Kou L, Xu W, Guo X, Li J. Insights on updates in sodium alginate/MXenes composites as the designer matrix for various applications: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:132032. [PMID: 38702004 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Advancements in two-dimensional materials, particularly MXenes, have spurred the development of innovative composites through their integration with natural polymers such as sodium alginate (SA). Mxenes exhibit a broad specific surface area, excellent electrical conductivity, and an abundance of surface terminations, which can be combined with SA to maximize the synergistic effect of the materials. This article provides a comprehensive review of state-of-the-art techniques in the fabrication of SA/MXene composites, analyzing the resulting structural and functional enhancements with a specific focus on advancing the design of these composites for practical applications. A detailed exploration of SA/MXene composites is provided, highlighting their utility in various sectors, such as wearable electronics, wastewater treatment, biomedical applications, and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. The review identifies the unique advantages conferred by incorporating MXene in these composites, examines the current challenges, and proposes future research directions to understand and optimize these promising materials thoroughly. The remarkable properties of MXenes are emphasized as crucial for advancing the performance of SA-based composites, indicating significant potential for developing high-performance composite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Fang
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, Henan, China
| | - Pei Li
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, Henan, China,.
| | - Bing Zhang
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, Henan, China
| | - Si Liu
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhao
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, Henan, China
| | - Linxuan Kou
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, Henan, China
| | - Wei Xu
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, Henan, China
| | - Xiangyang Guo
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, Henan, China
| | - Jianbin Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
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Zheng Z, Yang Q, Song S, Pan Y, Xue H, Li J. Anti-Oxidized Self-Assembly of Multilayered F-Mene/MXene/TPU Composite with Improved Environmental Stability and Pressure Sensing Performances. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1337. [PMID: 38794530 PMCID: PMC11125229 DOI: 10.3390/polym16101337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
MXenes, as emerging 2D sensing materials for next-generation electronics, have attracted tremendous attention owing to their extraordinary electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, and flexibility. However, challenges remain due to the weak stability in the oxygen environment and nonnegligible aggregation of layered MXenes, which severely affect the durability and sensing performances of the corresponding MXene-based pressure sensors, respectively. Here, in this work, we propose an easy-to-fabricate self-assembly strategy to prepare multilayered MXene composite films, where the first layer MXene is hydrogen-bond self-assembled on the electrospun thermoplastic urethane (TPU) fibers surface and the anti-oxidized functionalized-MXene (f-MXene) is subsequently adhered on the MXene layer by spontaneous electrostatic attraction. Remarkably, the f-MXene surface is functionalized with silanization reagents to form a hydrophobic protective layer, thus preventing the oxidation of the MXene-based pressure sensor during service. Simultaneously, the electrostatic self-assembled MXene and f-MXene successfully avoid the invalid stacking of MXene, leading to an improved pressure sensitivity. Moreover, the adopted electrospinning method can facilitate cyclic self-assembly and the formation of a hierarchical micro-nano porous structure of the multilayered f-MXene/MXene/TPU (M-fM2T) composite. The gradient pores can generate changes in the conductive pathways within a wide loading range, broadening the pressure detection range of the as-proposed multilayered f-MXene/MXene/TPU piezoresistive sensor (M-fM2TPS). Experimentally, these novel features endow our M-fM2TPS with an outstanding maximum sensitivity of 40.31 kPa-1 and an extensive sensing range of up to 120 kPa. Additionally, our M-fM2TPS exhibits excellent anti-oxidized properties for environmental stability and mechanical reliability for long-term use, which shows only ~0.8% fractional resistance changes after being placed in a natural environment for over 30 days and provides a reproducible loading-unloading pressure measurement for more than 1000 cycles. As a proof of concept, the M-fM2TPS is deployed to monitor human movements and radial artery pulse. Our anti-oxidized self-assembly strategy of multilayered MXene is expected to guide the future investigation of MXene-based advanced sensors with commercial values.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jing Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Modern Manufacturing Quantity Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; (Z.Z.); (Q.Y.); (S.S.); (Y.P.); (H.X.)
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Dai Z, Lei M, Ding S, Zhou Q, Ji B, Wang M, Zhou B. Durable superhydrophobic surface in wearable sensors: From nature to application. EXPLORATION (BEIJING, CHINA) 2024; 4:20230046. [PMID: 38855620 PMCID: PMC11022629 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20230046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
The current generation of wearable sensors often experiences signal interference and external corrosion, leading to device degradation and failure. To address these challenges, the biomimetic superhydrophobic approach has been developed, which offers self-cleaning, low adhesion, corrosion resistance, anti-interference, and other properties. Such surfaces possess hierarchical nanostructures and low surface energy, resulting in a smaller contact area with the skin or external environment. Liquid droplets can even become suspended outside the flexible electronics, reducing the risk of pollution and signal interference, which contributes to the long-term stability of the device in complex environments. Additionally, the coupling of superhydrophobic surfaces and flexible electronics can potentially enhance the device performance due to their large specific surface area and low surface energy. However, the fragility of layered textures in various scenarios and the lack of standardized evaluation and testing methods limit the industrial production of superhydrophobic wearable sensors. This review provides an overview of recent research on superhydrophobic flexible wearable sensors, including the fabrication methodology, evaluation, and specific application targets. The processing, performance, and characteristics of superhydrophobic surfaces are discussed, as well as the working mechanisms and potential challenges of superhydrophobic flexible electronics. Moreover, evaluation strategies for application-oriented superhydrophobic surfaces are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Dai
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of EducationInstitute of Applied Physics and Materials EngineeringUniversity of MacauAvenida da UniversidadeTaipaMacauChina
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal MaterialsInstitute of Novel SemiconductorsSchool of MicroelectronicsShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Ming Lei
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of EducationInstitute of Applied Physics and Materials EngineeringUniversity of MacauAvenida da UniversidadeTaipaMacauChina
| | - Sen Ding
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of EducationInstitute of Applied Physics and Materials EngineeringUniversity of MacauAvenida da UniversidadeTaipaMacauChina
| | - Qian Zhou
- School of Physics and ElectronicsCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Bing Ji
- School of Physics and ElectronicsHunan Normal UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Mingrui Wang
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Bingpu Zhou
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of EducationInstitute of Applied Physics and Materials EngineeringUniversity of MacauAvenida da UniversidadeTaipaMacauChina
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Chen J, Chen K, Jin J, Wu K, Wang Y, Zhang J, Liu G, Sun J. Outstanding Synergy of Sensitivity and Linear Range Enabled by Multigradient Architectures. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:11958-11967. [PMID: 38090798 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Flexible pressure sensors are devices that mimic the sensory capabilities of natural human skin and enable robots to perceive external stimuli. One of the main challenges is maintaining high sensitivity over a broad linear pressure range due to poor structural compressibility. Here, we report a flexible pressure sensor with an ultrahigh sensitivity of 153.3 kPa-1 and linear response over an unprecedentedly broad pressure range from 0.0005 to 1300 kPa based on interdigital-shaped, multigradient architectures, featuring modulus, conductivity, and microstructure gradients. Such multigradient architectures and interdigital-shaped configurations enable effective stress transfer and conductivity regulation, evading the pressure sensitivity-linear range trade-off dilemma. Together with high pressure resolution, high frequency response, and good reproducibility over the ultrabroad linear range, proof-of-concept applications such as acoustic wave detection, high-resolution pressure measurement, and healthcare monitoring in diverse scenarios are demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaorui Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Kai Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Jiaqi Jin
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Kai Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Yaqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Jinyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Jun Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
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Srikrishnarka P, Kumaran D, Kini AR, Kumar V, Nagar A, Islam MR, Nagarajan R, Pradeep T. Observing Real-Time Adhesion of Microparticles on Glass Surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:17071-17079. [PMID: 37971209 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Fouling on glass surfaces reduces the solar panel efficiency and increases water consumption for cleaning. Superhydrophobic coatings on glass enable self-cleaning by allowing water droplets to carry away dirt particles. Observing the interaction between charged particles and surfaces provides insights into effective cleaning. Using a high-speed camera and a long-distance objective, we analyzed the in situ deposition of variously functionalized and charged silica dust microparticles on chemically treated glass. The ambient charges for the control, hydrophobic, and positively charged particles were approximately -0.5, -0.13, and +0.5 nC, respectively. We found that a positively charged particle of 2.3 ± 1.2 μm diameter adhered to hydroxylated glass in ∼0.054 s, compared to 0.40 and 0.45 s for quaternary ammonium- and fluorosilane-functionalized hydrophobic glass. Experiments suggest that quaternary ammonium-functionalized glass surfaces are about 77.8% more resistant to soiling than bare surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pillalamarri Srikrishnarka
- DST Unit of Nanoscience and Thematic Unit of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Dhivyaraja Kumaran
- Department of Applied Mechanics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Amoghavarsha Ramachandra Kini
- DST Unit of Nanoscience and Thematic Unit of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Vishal Kumar
- DST Unit of Nanoscience and Thematic Unit of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Ankit Nagar
- DST Unit of Nanoscience and Thematic Unit of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Md Rabiul Islam
- DST Unit of Nanoscience and Thematic Unit of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Ramamurthy Nagarajan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Thalappil Pradeep
- DST Unit of Nanoscience and Thematic Unit of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
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Guo Z, Wang M, Qiao L, Wang J, He Z. Photothermal, Magnetic, and Superhydrophobic PU Sponge Decorated with a Fe 3O 4/MXene/Lignin Composite for Efficient Oil/Water Separation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:16935-16953. [PMID: 37969089 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Frequent oil spills and the discharge of industrial oily wastewaters have become a serious threat to the environment, ecosystem, and human beings. Herein, a photothermal, magnetic, and superhydrophobic PU sponge decorated with a Fe3O4/MXene/lignin composite (labeled as S-Fe3O4/MXene/lignin@PU sponge) has been designed and prepared. The obtained superhydrophobic/superoleophilic PU sponge possesses excellent chemical stability, thermal stability, and mechanical durability in terms of being immersed in corrosive solutions and organic solvents and boiling water and being abrased by sandpapers, respectively. The oil adsorption capacities of the S-Fe3O4/MXene/lignin@PU sponge for various organic liquids range from 29.1 to 70.3 g/g, and the oil adsorption capacity for CCl4 can remain 69.6 g/g even after 15 cyclic adsorption tests. The separation efficiencies of the S-Fe3O4/MXene/lignin@PU sponge for n-hexane and CCl4 are higher than 98% in different environments (i.e., water, hot water, 1 mol/L NaOH, 1 mol/L NaCl, and 1 mol/L HCl). More importantly, the introduction of three light absorbers (i.e., Fe3O4, MXene, and lignin) into the S-Fe3O4/MXene/lignin@PU sponge shows a synergistic effect in the photothermal heat conversion performance, and the maximum surface temperature reaches 64.4 °C under sunlight irradiation (1.0 kW/m2). The separation flux of the S-Fe3O4/MXene/lignin@PU sponge for viscous LT147 vacuum pump oil reaches 35,469 L m-2 h-1 under sunlight irradiation, showing an increase of 27.3% compared to that of oil adsorption processes without the photothermal effect. Thus, the rational design of superhydrophobic sponges by introducing proper photothermal heat absorbers provides new insights into facile and cost-effective preparation of sponges for efficient oil/water separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibiao Guo
- Anti-Icing Materials (AIM) Laboratory, Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Mingkun Wang
- Anti-Icing Materials (AIM) Laboratory, Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Lei Qiao
- Anti-Icing Materials (AIM) Laboratory, Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jianxiang Wang
- Anti-Icing Materials (AIM) Laboratory, Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Zhiwei He
- Anti-Icing Materials (AIM) Laboratory, Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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Han Y, Liu J, Xia X, Yin J. Preparation of a Stable Superhydrophobic Mortar Surface Using a One-Step Method. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:16543-16553. [PMID: 37950701 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Research efforts have intensified on developing superhydrophobic surfaces on concrete structures to limit the damage caused by the natural porosity and hydrophilicity of cementitious materials. However, the feasibility idea is impeded by the complex preparation process and weak adhesion/stability performance. Therefore, superhydrophobic coatings were rapidly prepared on mortar surfaces by a straightforward and effective one-step method using zinc oxide (ZnO) modified with stearic acid and epoxy resin. The microstructure, physical/chemical properties, hydrophobic properties, and stability of the coatings were systematically investigated. The experimental results showed that the water contact angle of the samples reached a maximum value of 164.2° and a sliding angle of 4.6° when the stearic acid content was 0.5 g. The water absorption of the coated superhydrophobic mortar was reduced by approximately 61% compared to that of ordinary mortar, and neither particulate pollutants nor liquid pollutants could contaminate the superhydrophobic mortar. The coating maintained a superhydrophobic state and exhibited good physical durability after sandpaper abrasion, tape peeling, and high-temperature resistance tests. The water cluster diffusion coefficient on surface of the ordinary coating was 0.1645 × 10-4 and 0.0328 × 10-4 cm2/s on surface of the modified coating after molecular dynamics simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Han
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Engineering Rheology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, PR China
- School of Civil Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, PR China
| | - Jue Liu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Engineering Rheology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, PR China
- School of Civil Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, PR China
| | - Xiaojing Xia
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Engineering Rheology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, PR China
- School of Civil Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, PR China
| | - Jian Yin
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Engineering Rheology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, PR China
- School of Civil Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, PR China
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Qin X, Pan H, Yang K, Xie W, Yang G, Wang J. Biodegradable and biocompatible alginate/gelatin/MXene composite membrane with efficient osteogenic activity and its application in guided bone regeneration. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2023; 34:1843-1857. [PMID: 36869856 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2023.2187987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Guided bone regeneration (GBR) utilizes a barrier membrane to maintain the osteogenic space and promote osseointegration of the implants. Developing a novel biomaterial to meet the mechanical and biological performance requirements of GBR membrane (GBRM) remains a huge challenge. Here, the sodium alginate (SA, S)/gelatin (G)/MXene (M) composite membrane (SGM) was prepared by combining sol-gel and freeze-drying processes. The incorporation of MXene improved the mechanical properties and hydrophilicity of the SA/G (SG) membrane, and also enhanced its cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. More importantly, when the concentration of MXene is 0.25%W/V, the SGM composite membrane exhibited the best tensile strength (40 MPa), high swelling rate (1012%), and appropriate degradation rate (40%). Meanwhile, the biological improvements were more significant. Therefore, the appropriate amount addition of MXene has a positive and obvious effect on the improvements of the mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and osteogenic induction of the SG composite membranes. This work provides a more extendable development idea for the application of SGM composite membrane as GBRM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Qin
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hongwei Pan
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Kefan Yang
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Weibo Xie
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Gaochuang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Humayoun UB, Mehmood F, Hassan Y, Rasheed A, Dastgeer G, Anwar A, Sarwar N, Yoon D. Harnessing Bio-Immobilized ZnO/CNT/Chitosan Ternary Composite Fabric for Enhanced Photodegradation of a Commercial Reactive Dye. Molecules 2023; 28:6461. [PMID: 37764237 PMCID: PMC10536000 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing demand for sustainable wastewater treatment drives interest in advanced photocatalytic materials. Immobilized photocatalysts hold potential for addressing industrial wastewater organic pollutants, offering substantial surface area, agglomeration prevention, and easy removal. In this study, we successfully immobilized ZnO and carbon nanotubes onto a textile substrate through bilateral esterification and explored their effectiveness as a potent photocatalyst for degrading of commercial textile colorant reactive blue 4 (RB-4) colorant. Findings demonstrated significant improvements in photocatalytic performance upon integrating ZnO and CNTs into the fabric, coupled with chitosan immobilization. The immobilization process of ZnO and CNTs onto the substrate was elucidated through a proposed reaction mechanism, while the appearance of carbonyl peaks at 1719.2 cm-1 in the composite fabric further confirmed bilateral esterification. The as-developed immobilized nano-catalyst exhibited remarkable photocatalytic efficiency with an impressive 93.54% color degradation of RB-4. This innovative approach underscores the immense potential of the ternary immobilized (ZnO/fCNT/chitosan) composite fabric for efficient photocatalytic degradation in textile coloration processes. Exploring the early-stage development of immobilized photocatalysts contributes to safer and more eco-friendly practices, addressing pressing environmental challenges effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usama Bin Humayoun
- Department of Textile Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore (Faisalabad Campus), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan (A.A.)
| | - Fazal Mehmood
- Department of Textile Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore (Faisalabad Campus), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan (A.A.)
| | - Yasir Hassan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Aamir Rasheed
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Ghulam Dastgeer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea;
| | - Asad Anwar
- Department of Textile Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore (Faisalabad Campus), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan (A.A.)
| | - Nasir Sarwar
- Department of Textile Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore (Faisalabad Campus), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan (A.A.)
| | - Daeho Yoon
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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Wang P, Ding H, Li X, Liu Y, Sun Y, Li Y, Xu G, Chen S, Wang X. Stretchable and Self-Adhesive Humidity-Sensing Patch for Multiplexed Non-Contact Sensing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:38562-38571. [PMID: 37530029 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c06767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
The slippage of moisture-sensitive materials from substrates during bending or stretching is a common issue that causes baseline drift and even failure of the flexible humidity sensors, which are essential components of wearable electronic devices. In this study, we report a stretchable, self-adhesive, and transparent humidity-sensing electronic patch comprising liquid metal particle electrodes with a stretchable serpentine structure and a humidity-sensing layer made of Ti3C2Tx MXene/carboxymethyl cellulose. This patch is constructed on a soft-hard integrated heterostructure substrate and demonstrates stable humidity-sensitive response performance at 100% tensile strain, along with autonomous adhesion to human skin. Additionally, it exhibits maximum response (1145.4%) at 90% relative humidity (RH), fast response and recovery time (1.4/5.9 s), elevated sensitivity (64.63%/% RH), and preserved humidity sensing under deformation, as well as easy scalability for multiplexed detection. We further illustrate the patch's potential applications in healthcare and environmental monitoring through a non-contact security door control system and wind monitor system. Our proposed strain-isolation strategy can be extended to other rigid conductive materials and stretchable substrates, providing a feasible mechanism for producing stretchable electronic skin patches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peihe Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Hongyan Ding
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Yangchengyi Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Yi Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Yujing Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Guozhuang Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Shangda Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Xiufeng Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
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12
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Liu Y, Li X, Yang H, Zhang P, Wang P, Sun Y, Yang F, Liu W, Li Y, Tian Y, Qian S, Chen S, Cheng H, Wang X. Skin-Interfaced Superhydrophobic Insensible Sweat Sensors for Evaluating Body Thermoregulation and Skin Barrier Functions. ACS NANO 2023; 17:5588-5599. [PMID: 36745638 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c11267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring sweat rate is vital for estimating sweat loss and accurately measuring biomarkers of interest. Although various optical or electrical sensors have been developed to monitor the sensible sweat rate, the quantification of the insensible sweat rate that is directly related to body thermoregulation and skin barrier functions still remains a challenge. This work introduces a superhydrophobic sweat sensor based on a polyacrylate sodium/MXene composite sandwiched between two superhydrophobic textile layers to continuously measure sweat vapor from insensible sweat with high sensitivity and rapid response. The superhydrophobic textile on a holey thin substrate with reduced stiffness and excellent breathability allows the permeation of sweat vapor, while preventing the sensor from being affected by the external water droplets and internal sensible sweat. Integrating the insensible sweat sensor with a flexible wireless communication and powering module further yields a standalone sensing system to continuously monitor insensible sweat rates at different body locations for diverse application scenarios. Proof-of-concept demonstrations on human subjects showcase the feasibility to continuously evaluate the body's thermoregulation and skin barrier functions for the assessment of thermal comfort, disease conditions, and nervous system activity. The results presented in this work also provide a low-cost device platform to detect other health-relevant biomarkers in the sweat (vapor) as the next-generation sweat sensor for smart healthcare and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangchengyi Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Hanlin Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Peihe Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Yi Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Fengzhen Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Weiyi Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Yujing Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Yao Tian
- School of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Shun Qian
- School of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Shangda Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Huanyu Cheng
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Xiufeng Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
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13
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Lai QT, Zhao XH, Sun QJ, Tang Z, Tang XG, Roy VAL. Emerging MXene-Based Flexible Tactile Sensors for Health Monitoring and Haptic Perception. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2300283. [PMID: 36965088 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Due to their potential applications in physiological monitoring, diagnosis, human prosthetics, haptic perception, and human-machine interaction, flexible tactile sensors have attracted wide research interest in recent years. Thanks to the advances in material engineering, high performance flexible tactile sensors have been obtained. Among the representative pressure sensing materials, 2D layered nanomaterials have many properties that are superior to those of bulk nanomaterials and are more suitable for high performance flexible sensors. As a class of 2D inorganic compounds in materials science, MXene has excellent electrical, mechanical, and biological compatibility. MXene-based composites have proven to be promising candidates for flexible tactile sensors due to their excellent stretchability and metallic conductivity. Therefore, great efforts have been devoted to the development of MXene-based composites for flexible sensor applications. In this paper, the controllable preparation and characterization of MXene are introduced. Then, the recent progresses on fabrication strategies, operating mechanisms, and device performance of MXene composite-based flexible tactile sensors, including flexible piezoresistive sensors, capacitive sensors, piezoelectric sensors, triboelectric sensors are reviewed. After that, the applications of MXene material-based flexible electronics in human motion monitoring, healthcare, prosthetics, and artificial intelligence are discussed. Finally, the challenges and perspectives for MXene-based tactile sensors are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Teng Lai
- School of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 511400, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Hua Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Qi-Jun Sun
- School of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 511400, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhua Tang
- School of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 511400, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Gui Tang
- School of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 511400, P. R. China
| | - Vellaisamy A L Roy
- School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
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14
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Shuai TY, Zhan QN, Xu HM, Huang CJ, Zhang ZJ, Li GR. Recent advances in the synthesis and electrocatalytic application of MXene materials. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:3968-3999. [PMID: 36883557 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06418a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
MXenes are a class of two-dimensional materials with a graphene-like structure, which have excellent optical, biological, thermodynamic, electrical and magnetic properties. Due to the diversity resulting from the combination of transition metals and C/N, the MXene family has expanded to more than 30 members and been applied in many fields with broad application prospects. Among their applications, electrocatalytic applications have achieved many breakthroughs. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the reports on the preparation of MXenes and their application in electrocatalysis published in the last five years and describe the two main methods for the preparation of MXenes, i.e., bottom-up and top to bottom synthesis. Different methods may change the structure or surface termination of MXenes, and accordingly affect their electrocatalytic performance. Furthermore, we highlight the application of MXenes in the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR), nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR), and multi-functionalization. It can be concluded that the electrocatalytic properties of MXenes can be modified by changing the type of functional groups or doping. Also, MXenes can be compounded with other materials to produce electronic coupling and improve the catalytic activity and stability of the resulting composites. In addition, Mo2C and Ti3C2 are two types of MXene materials that have been widely studied in the field of electrocatalysis. At present, research on the synthesis of MXenes is focused on carbides, whereas research on nitrides is rare, and there are no synthesis methods meeting the requirements of green, safety, high efficiency and industrialization simultaneously. Therefore, it is very important to explore environmentally friendly industrial production routes and devote more research efforts to the synthesis of MXene nitrides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yu Shuai
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Qi-Ni Zhan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Hui-Min Xu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Chen-Jin Huang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Zhi-Jie Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Gao-Ren Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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15
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Chen S, Huang W. A review related to MXene preparation and its sensor arrays of electronic skins. Analyst 2023; 148:435-453. [PMID: 36468668 DOI: 10.1039/d2an01143c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
MXenes have been flourishing over the last decade as a high-performance 2D material, which combines the advantages of high electrical conductivity, photothermal conversion, and easy dispersion. They have been used to create soft, highly conductive, self-healing, and tactile-simulating electronic skins (E-skins). However, these E-skins remain generally limited to one or two functions with a complex preparation process. Next-generation E-skins necessitate not only large-scale fabrication using simple and fast methods but also the integration of multiple sensing functions and signal analysis components in order to provide functionality that was not unattainable in the past. Starting with the synthesis of pure MXenes, we walk through the steps of designing MXene sensors, integrating electronic skin arrays, and determining the function of MXene-based electronic skins. We also summarise the problems with existing MXene-based E-skins and possible futuristic directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Chen
- Chengdu Techman Software Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China
| | - Wu Huang
- Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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16
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Chen X, Zhang D, Luan H, Yang C, Yan W, Liu W. Flexible Pressure Sensors Based on Molybdenum Disulfide/Hydroxyethyl Cellulose/Polyurethane Sponge for Motion Detection and Speech Recognition Using Machine Learning. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:2043-2053. [PMID: 36571453 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c16730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Flexible pressure sensors with excellent performance have broad application potential in wearable devices, motion monitoring, and human-computer interaction. In this paper, a flexible pressure sensor with a porous structure is proposed by coating molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) on a polyurethane (PU) sponge skeleton. The obtained sensor has excellent sensitivity (0.746 kPa-1), a wide detection range (250 kPa), fast response (120 ms), and outstanding repeatability over 2000 cycles. It is proven that the sensor can realize human motion detection and distinguish the touch of varying strength. In addition, a pressure sensing array was fabricated to reflect the pressure distribution and recognize the writing of Arabic numerals. Finally, the sensor performs speech detection through throat muscle movements, and high-accuracy (97.14%) speech recognition for seven words was achieved by a machine learning algorithm based on the support vector machine (SVM). This work provides an opportunity to fabricate simple flexible pressure sensors with potential applications in next-generation electronic skin, health detection, and intelligent robotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoya Chen
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Dongzhi Zhang
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Huixin Luan
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Chunqing Yang
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Weiyu Yan
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Wenzhe Liu
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
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17
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Guo X, Hong W, Zhao Y, Zhu T, Liu L, Li H, Wang Z, Wang D, Mai Z, Zhang T, Yang J, Zhang F, Xia Y, Hong Q, Xu Y, Yan F, Wang M, Xing G. Bioinspired Dual-Mode Stretchable Strain Sensor Based on Magnetic Nanocomposites for Strain/Magnetic Discrimination. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205316. [PMID: 36394201 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Recently, flexible stretchable sensors have been gaining attention for their excellent adaptability for electronic skin applications. However, the preparation of stretchable strain sensors that achieve dual-mode sensing while still retaining ultra-low detection limit of strain, high sensitivity, and low cost is a pressing task. Herein, a high-performance dual-mode stretchable strain sensor (DMSSS) based on biomimetic scorpion foot slit microstructures and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/graphene (GR)/silicone rubber (SR)/Fe3 O4 nanocomposites is proposed, which can accurately sense strain and magnetic stimuli. The DMSSS exhibits a large strain detection range (≈160%), sensitivity up to 100.56 (130-160%), an ultra-low detection limit of strain (0.16% strain), and superior durability (9000 cycles of stretch/release). The sensor can accurately recognize sign language movement, as well as realize object proximity information perception and whole process information monitoring. Furthermore, human joint movements and micro-expressions can be monitored in real-time. Therefore, the DMSSS of this work opens up promising prospects for applications in sign language pose recognition, non-contact sensing, human-computer interaction, and electronic skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Target Recognition and Feature Extraction, Lu'an, 237010, China
| | - Weiqiang Hong
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Yunong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Tong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Long Liu
- Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices & Integrated Technology, Institute of Microelectronics, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Hongjin Li
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Ziwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices & Integrated Technology, Institute of Microelectronics, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Hubei JiuFengShan Laboratory, Future Science and Technology City, Wuhan, Hubei, 420000, China
| | - Zhihong Mai
- Hubei JiuFengShan Laboratory, Future Science and Technology City, Wuhan, Hubei, 420000, China
| | - Tianxu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Jinyang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Fengzhe Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Yun Xia
- Bengbu Zhengyuan Electronics Technology Co., Ltd, Bengbu, 233000, China
| | - Qi Hong
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Yaohua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA
| | - Ming Wang
- Frontier Institute of Chip and System, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Guozhong Xing
- Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices & Integrated Technology, Institute of Microelectronics, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China
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18
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Wang X, Huang J, Liu Y, Tan J, Chen S, Avila R, Xie Z. Design of protective and high sensitivity encapsulation layers in wearable devices. SCIENCE CHINA. TECHNOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2022; 66:223-232. [PMID: 36593863 PMCID: PMC9798368 DOI: 10.1007/s11431-022-2034-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Elastomeric encapsulation layers are widely used in soft, wearable devices to physically isolate rigid electronic components from external environmental stimuli (e.g., stress) and facilitate device sterilization for reusability. In devices experiencing large deformations, the stress-isolation effect of the top encapsulation layer can eliminate the damage to the electronic components caused by external forces. However, for health monitoring and sensing applications, the strain-isolation effect of the bottom encapsulation layer can partially block the physiological signals of interest and degrade the measurement accuracy. Here, an analytic model is developed for the strain- and stress-isolation effects present in wearable devices with elastomeric encapsulation layers. The soft, elastomeric encapsulation layers and main electronic components layer are modeled as transversely isotropic-elastic mediums and the strain- and stress-isolation effects are described using isolation indexes. The analysis and results show that the isolation effects strongly depend on the thickness, density, and elastic modulus of both the elastomeric encapsulation layers and the main electronic component layer. These findings, combined with the flexible mechanics design strategies of wearable devices, provide new design guidelines for future wearable devices to protect them from external forces while capturing the relevant physiological signals underneath the skin. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at 10.1007/s11431-022-2034-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiuFeng Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105 China
| | - JieLong Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105 China
| | - YangChengYi Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105 China
| | - JinYuan Tan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105 China
| | - ShangDa Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105 China
| | - Raudel Avila
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208 USA
| | - ZhaoQian Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 China
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19
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Zhang L, Zhang H, Yu X, Xu L, Wang D, Lu X, Zhang A. Superhydrophobic MXene Coating with Biomimetic Structure for Self-Healing Photothermal Deicing and Photoelectric Detector. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:53298-53313. [PMID: 36380725 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c16111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional transition metal carbides (Ti3C2Tx MXene) have emerged as new candidates for applications in multifunctional devices owing to their outstanding performance. However, these electronic devices are easily disturbed by water, breakage, oxidation during use, and limited energy resources. To solve these problems, herein, inspired by nature, a novel superhydrophobic, healable photothermal deicing and photodetector (SHPP) with a "papillary structure" is successfully fabricated for the first time, by a simple layer-by-layer assembly spraying process with 0D/1D/2D nanomaterials. As a result, the superhydrophobic modified 2D MXene coating (FM coating) on the SHPP sensor exhibits outstanding self-cleaning, long-term durability (>20 days), as well as excellent photothermal deicing performances under near-infrared light. Meanwhile, the unique semiembedded nano-ZnO/1D silver nanowire supports the sensor with desirable photoelectric performance with UV light and a fast response time (∼1 s), and good cycle stability. Moreover, benefiting from the transparent self-healing substrate, the photothermal deicing and photodetector properties can be restored at room temperature. The bioinspired structures and function mechanisms offer SHPP sensors great potential for the utilization of clean light energy, sensing, self-cleaning, anti-icing, and so forth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymers Materials Engineering of China, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Huiyuan Zhang
- Heibei Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control Technology, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, North China Institute of Science and Technology, Langfang, 065201 Hebei, China
| | - Xiangtian Yu
- China Bluestar Chengrand Co., Ltd. Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Liqiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymers Materials Engineering of China, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymers Materials Engineering of China, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xingyuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymers Materials Engineering of China, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Aimin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymers Materials Engineering of China, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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20
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Huang J, Cao L, Xue CY, Zhou YZ, Cai YC, Zhao HY, Xing YH, Yu SH. Extremely Soft, Stretchable, and Self-Adhesive Silicone Conductive Elastomer Composites Enabled by a Molecular Lubricating Effect. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:8966-8974. [PMID: 36374184 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Softness, adhesion, stretchability, and fast recovery from large deformations are essential properties for conductive elastomers that play an important role in the development of high-performance soft electronics. However, it remains an ongoing challenge to obtain conductive elastomers that combine these properties. We have fabricated a super soft (Young's modulus 2.3-12 kPa), highly stretchable (up to 1500% strain), and underwater adhesive silicone conductive elastomer composite (SF-C-PDMS) by incorporating dimethyl silicone oil as a lubricating agent in a cross-linked molecular network. The resultant SF-C-PDMS not only exhibits superior softness but also can readily recover after a strain of 1000%. The initial resistance only decreases by 8% after 100000 cycles of tensile fatigue test (100% strain, 0.5 Hz, 15 mm/s). This multifunctional silicone conductive elastomer composite is obtained in a one-step preparation at room temperature using commercially available materials. Moreover, we illustrate the capabilities of this composite in motion sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Cheng-Yuan Xue
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yu-Zhe Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yu-Chun Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Hao-Yu Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Ye-Han Xing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Shu-Hong Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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21
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Wang X, Liu Y, Cheng H, Ouyang X. Surface Wettability for Skin-Interfaced Sensors and Devices. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2022; 32:2200260. [PMID: 36176721 PMCID: PMC9514151 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202200260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The practical applications of skin-interfaced sensors and devices in daily life hinge on the rational design of surface wettability to maintain device integrity and achieve improved sensing performance under complex hydrated conditions. Various bio-inspired strategies have been implemented to engineer desired surface wettability for varying hydrated conditions. Although the bodily fluids can negatively affect the device performance, they also provide a rich reservoir of health-relevant information and sustained energy for next-generation stretchable self-powered devices. As a result, the design and manipulation of the surface wettability are critical to effectively control the liquid behavior on the device surface for enhanced performance. The sensors and devices with engineered surface wettability can collect and analyze health biomarkers while being minimally affected by bodily fluids or ambient humid environments. The energy harvesters also benefit from surface wettability design to achieve enhanced performance for powering on-body electronics. In this review, we first summarize the commonly used approaches to tune the surface wettability for target applications toward stretchable self-powered devices. By considering the existing challenges, we also discuss the opportunities as a small fraction of potential future developments, which can lead to a new class of skin-interfaced devices for use in digital health and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiufeng Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Yangchengyi Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Huanyu Cheng
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Xiaoping Ouyang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
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22
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Park S, Huo J, Shin J, Heo KJ, Kalmoni JJ, Sathasivam S, Hwang GB, Carmalt CJ. Production of an EP/PDMS/SA/AlZnO Coated Superhydrophobic Surface through an Aerosol-Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition Process. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:7825-7832. [PMID: 35696726 PMCID: PMC9245182 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a superhydrophobic coating on glass has been prepared through a single-step aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition (AACVD) process. During the process, an aerosolized precursor containing polydimethylsiloxane, epoxy resin, and stearic acid functionalized Al-doped ZnO nanoparticles was deposited onto the glass at 350 °C. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy showed that the precursor was successfully coated and formed a nano/microstructure (surface roughness: 378.0 ± 46.1 nm) on the glass surface. The coated surface had a water contact angle of 159.1 ± 1.2°, contact angle hysteresis of 2.2 ± 1.7°, and rolling off-angle of 1°, indicating that it was superhydrophobic. In the self-cleaning test of the coated surface at a tilted angle of 20°, it was shown that water droplets rolled and washed out dirt on the surface. The stability tests showed that the surface remained superhydrophobic after 120 h of exposure to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and even after heat exposure at 350 °C. In addition, the surface was highly repellent to water solutions of pH 1-13. The results showed that the addition of the functionalized nanoparticles into the precursor allowed for the control of surface roughness and provided a simplified single-step fabrication process of the superhydrophobic surface. This provides valuable information for developing the manufacturing process for superhydrophobic surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonghyeok Park
- Materials
Chemistry Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Jiatong Huo
- Materials
Chemistry Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Juhun Shin
- Materials
Chemistry Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Ki Joon Heo
- Materials
Chemistry Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Julie Jalila Kalmoni
- Materials
Chemistry Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Sanjayan Sathasivam
- Materials
Chemistry Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
- School
of Engineering, London South Bank University, 103 Borough Rd, London SE1 0AA, United
Kingdom
| | - Gi Byoung Hwang
- Materials
Chemistry Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Claire J. Carmalt
- Materials
Chemistry Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
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23
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Xu L, Sun Z, Xing Z, Liu Y, Zhao H, Tang Z, Luo Y, Hao S, Li K. Cur@SF NPs alleviate Friedreich's ataxia in a mouse model through synergistic iron chelation and antioxidation. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:118. [PMID: 35264205 PMCID: PMC8905737 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01333-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal iron metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction and the derived oxidative damage are the main pathogeneses of Friedrich's ataxia (FRDA), a single-gene inherited recessive neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive cerebellar and sensory ataxia. This disease is caused by frataxin (FXN) mutation, which reduces FXN expression and impairs iron sulfur cluster biogenesis. To date, there is no effective therapy to treat this condition. Curcumin is proposed harboring excellent ability to resist oxidative stress through Nrf2 activation and its newly found ability to chelate iron. However, its limitation is its poor water solubility and permeability. Here, we synthesized slow-release nanoparticles (NPs) by loading curcumin (Cur) into silk fibroin (SF) to form NPs with an average size of 150 nm (Cur@SF NPs), which exhibited satisfactory therapeutic effects on the improvement of FRDA manifestation in lymphoblasts (1 μM) derived from FRDA patients and in YG8R mice (150 mg/kg/5 days). Cur@SF NPs not only removed iron from the heart and diminished oxidative stress in general but also potentiate iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis, which compensates FXN deficiency to improve the morphology and function of mitochondria. Cur@SF NPs showed a significant advantage in neuron and myocardial function, thereby improving FRDA mouse behavior scores. These data encourage us to propose that Cur@SF NPs are a promising therapeutic compound in the application of FRDA disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Iron Metabolism and Mitochondrial Function, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Zichen Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Iron Metabolism and Mitochondrial Function, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Zhiyao Xing
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Iron Metabolism and Mitochondrial Function, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yutong Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Iron Metabolism and Mitochondrial Function, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Hongting Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Iron Metabolism and Mitochondrial Function, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Zhongmin Tang
- Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Yu Luo
- Shanghai Engineering Technology Research Center for Pharmaceutical Intelligent Equipment, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular Noncoding RNA, Institute for Frontier Medical Technology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Shuangying Hao
- School of Medicine, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454003, Henan, China.
| | - Kuanyu Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Iron Metabolism and Mitochondrial Function, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
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24
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Yang L, Zheng G, Cao Y, Meng C, Li Y, Ji H, Chen X, Niu G, Yan J, Xue Y, Cheng H. Moisture-resistant, stretchable NO x gas sensors based on laser-induced graphene for environmental monitoring and breath analysis. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2022; 8:78. [PMID: 35818382 PMCID: PMC9270215 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-022-00414-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The accurate, continuous analysis of healthcare-relevant gases such as nitrogen oxides (NOx) in a humid environment remains elusive for low-cost, stretchable gas sensing devices. This study presents the design and demonstration of a moisture-resistant, stretchable NOx gas sensor based on laser-induced graphene (LIG). Sandwiched between a soft elastomeric substrate and a moisture-resistant semipermeable encapsulant, the LIG sensing and electrode layer is first optimized by tuning laser processing parameters such as power, image density, and defocus distance. The gas sensor, using a needlelike LIG prepared with optimal laser processing parameters, exhibits a large response of 4.18‰ ppm-1 to NO and 6.66‰ ppm-1 to NO2, an ultralow detection limit of 8.3 ppb to NO and 4.0 ppb to NO2, fast response/recovery, and excellent selectivity. The design of a stretchable serpentine structure in the LIG electrode and strain isolation from the stiff island allows the gas sensor to be stretched by 30%. Combined with a moisture-resistant property against a relative humidity of 90%, the reported gas sensor has further been demonstrated to monitor the personal local environment during different times of the day and analyze human breath samples to classify patients with respiratory diseases from healthy volunteers. Moisture-resistant, stretchable NOx gas sensors can expand the capability of wearable devices to detect biomarkers from humans and exposed environments for early disease diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130 China
| | - Guanghao Zheng
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130 China
| | - Yaoqian Cao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052 China
| | - Chuizhou Meng
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130 China
| | - Yuhang Li
- Institute of Solid Mechanics, Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing, 100191 China
| | - Huadong Ji
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130 China
| | - Xue Chen
- School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130 China
| | - Guangyu Niu
- School of Architecture and Art Design, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130 China
| | - Jiayi Yan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130 China
| | - Ye Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130 China
| | - Huanyu Cheng
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
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