1
|
Snir O, Elgart M, Gnainsky Y, Goldsmith M, Ciabrelli F, Dagan S, Aviezer I, Stoops E, Cavalli G, Soen Y. Organ transformation by environmental disruption of protein integrity and epigenetic memory in Drosophila. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002629. [PMID: 38805504 PMCID: PMC11161060 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite significant progress in understanding epigenetic reprogramming of cells, the mechanistic basis of "organ reprogramming" by (epi-)gene-environment interactions remained largely obscure. Here, we use the ether-induced haltere-to-wing transformations in Drosophila as a model for epigenetic "reprogramming" at the whole organism level. Our findings support a mechanistic chain of events explaining why and how brief embryonic exposure to ether leads to haltere-to-wing transformations manifested at the larval stage and on. We show that ether interferes with protein integrity in the egg, leading to altered deployment of Hsp90 and widespread repression of Trithorax-mediated establishment of active H3K4me3 chromatin marks throughout the genome. Despite this global reduction, Ubx targets and wing development genes preferentially retain higher levels of H3K4me3 that predispose these genes for later up-regulation in the larval haltere disc, hence the wing-like outcome. Consistent with compromised protein integrity during the exposure, the penetrance of bithorax transformations increases by genetic or chemical reduction of Hsp90 function. Moreover, joint reduction in Hsp90 and trx gene dosage can cause bithorax transformations without exposure to ether, supporting an underlying epistasis between Hsp90 and trx loss-of-functions. These findings implicate environmental disruption of protein integrity at the onset of histone methylation with altered epigenetic regulation of developmental patterning genes. The emerging picture provides a unique example wherein the alleviation of the Hsp90 "capacitor function" by the environment drives a morphogenetic shift towards an ancestral-like body plan. The morphogenetic impact of chaperone response during a major setup of epigenetic patterns may be a general scheme for organ transformation by environmental cues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Orli Snir
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Michael Elgart
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yulia Gnainsky
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Moshe Goldsmith
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Filippo Ciabrelli
- Institute of Human Genetics, UMR9002 CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Shlomi Dagan
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Iris Aviezer
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Elizabeth Stoops
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Giacomo Cavalli
- Institute of Human Genetics, UMR9002 CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Yoav Soen
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li J, Gong Y, Wang X, He X, He X, Chu M, Di R. Screening of Litter-Size-Associated SNPs in NOX4, PDE11A and GHR Genes of Sheep. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:767. [PMID: 38473152 DOI: 10.3390/ani14050767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In previous studies, NOX4, PDE11A and GHR genes have been screened as important candidate genes for litter size in sheep by using the GWAS method; however, neither their effects on litter size nor the loci associated with litter size have been identified. In this study, three candidate loci (c.1057-4C > T in NOX4, c.1983C > T in PDE11A and c.1618C > T in GHR) were first screened based on our previous resequencing data of 10 sheep breeds. After the three loci were genotyped using Sequenom MassARRAY technology, we carried out population genetics analysis on the three loci and performed association analysis between the polymorphism of the three loci and the litter size of sheep. The results of population genetics analysis suggested that c.1057-4C > T in NOX4 and c.1983C > T in PDE11A may be subject to natural or artificial selection. The results of association analysis indicated that litter size was significantly associated with c.1057-4C > T in NOX4 and c.1983C > T in PDE11A (p < 0.05) in Small Tail Han sheep, and there was no significant interaction effect between the two loci on the litter size. In summary, c.1057-4C > T in NOX4 and c.1983 C > T in PDE11A can be considered candidate molecular markers for improving litter size in sheep.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yiming Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoyun He
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaolong He
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China
| | - Mingxing Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ran Di
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nguyen JB, Marshall CW, Cook CN. The buzz within: the role of the gut microbiome in honeybee social behavior. J Exp Biol 2024; 227:jeb246400. [PMID: 38344873 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.246400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Gut symbionts influence the physiology and behavior of their host, but the extent to which these effects scale to social behaviors is an emerging area of research. The use of the western honeybee (Apis mellifera) as a model enables researchers to investigate the gut microbiome and behavior at several levels of social organization. Insight into gut microbial effects at the societal level is critical for our understanding of how involved microbial symbionts are in host biology. In this Commentary, we discuss recent findings in honeybee gut microbiome research and synthesize these with knowledge of the physiology and behavior of other model organisms to hypothesize how host-microbe interactions at the individual level could shape societal dynamics and evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J B Nguyen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - C W Marshall
- Department of Biological Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - C N Cook
- Department of Biological Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Suyama R, Cetraro N, Yew JY, Kai T. Microbes control Drosophila germline stem cell increase and egg maturation through hormonal pathways. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1287. [PMID: 38123715 PMCID: PMC10733356 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05660-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Reproduction is highly dependent on environmental and physiological factors including nutrition, mating stimuli and microbes. Among these factors, microbes facilitate vital functions for host animals such as nutritional intake, metabolic regulation, and enhancing fertility under poor nutrition conditions. However, detailed molecular mechanisms by which microbes control germline maturation, leading to reproduction, remain largely unknown. In this study, we show that environmental microbes exert a beneficial effect on Drosophila oogenesis by promoting germline stem cell (GSC) proliferation and subsequent egg maturation via acceleration of ovarian cell division and suppression of apoptosis. Moreover, insulin-related signaling is not required; rather, the ecdysone pathway is necessary for microbe-induced increase of GSCs and promotion of egg maturation, while juvenile hormone contributes only to increasing GSC numbers, suggesting that hormonal pathways are activated at different stages of oogenesis. Our findings reveal that environmental microbes can enhance host reproductivity by modulating host hormone release and promoting oogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ritsuko Suyama
- Laboratory of Germline Biology, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Nicolas Cetraro
- Pacific Biosciences Research Center, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, 1993 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Joanne Y Yew
- Pacific Biosciences Research Center, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, 1993 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA.
| | - Toshie Kai
- Laboratory of Germline Biology, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bigelman E, Pasmanik-Chor M, Dassa B, Itkin M, Malitsky S, Dorot O, Pichinuk E, Kleinberg Y, Keren G, Entin-Meer M. Kynurenic acid, a key L-tryptophan-derived metabolite, protects the heart from an ischemic damage. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0275550. [PMID: 37616231 PMCID: PMC10449225 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal injury induces major changes in plasma and cardiac metabolites. Using a small- animal in vivo model, we sought to identify a key metabolite whose levels are significantly modified following an acute kidney injury (AKI) and to analyze whether this agent could offer cardiac protection once an ischemic event has occurred. METHODS AND RESULTS Metabolomics profiling of cardiac lysates and plasma samples derived from rats that underwent AKI 1 or 7 days earlier by 5/6 nephrectomy versus sham-operated controls was performed. We detected 26 differential metabolites in both heart and plasma samples at the two selected time points, relative to sham. Out of which, kynurenic acid (kynurenate, KYNA) seemed most relevant. Interestingly, KYNA given at 10 mM concentration significantly rescued the viability of H9C2 cardiac myoblast cells grown under anoxic conditions and largely increased their mitochondrial content and activity as determined by flow cytometry and cell staining with MitoTracker dyes. Moreover, KYNA diluted in the drinking water of animals induced with an acute myocardial infarction, highly enhanced their cardiac recovery according to echocardiography and histopathology. CONCLUSION KYNA may represent a key metabolite absorbed by the heart following AKI as part of a compensatory mechanism aiming at preserving the cardiac function. KYNA preserves the in vitro myocyte viability following exposure to anoxia in a mechanism that is mediated, at least in part, by protection of the cardiac mitochondria. A short-term administration of KYNA may be highly beneficial in the treatment of the acute phase of kidney disease in order to attenuate progression to reno-cardiac syndrom and to reduce the ischemic myocardial damage following an ischemic event.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Einat Bigelman
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated with the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Department of Cardiology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Metsada Pasmanik-Chor
- Bioinformatics Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Bareket Dassa
- Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Maxim Itkin
- Metabolic Profiling Unit, Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sergey Malitsky
- Metabolic Profiling Unit, Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Orly Dorot
- Bio-Imaging Core, Blavatnik Center for Drug Discovery, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Edward Pichinuk
- Bio-Imaging Core, Blavatnik Center for Drug Discovery, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Yuval Kleinberg
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated with the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Bio-Imaging Core, Blavatnik Center for Drug Discovery, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Gad Keren
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated with the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Department of Cardiology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Michal Entin-Meer
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated with the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Department of Cardiology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Massaquoi MS, Kong GL, Chilin-Fuentes D, Ngo JS, Horve PF, Melancon E, Hamilton MK, Eisen JS, Guillemin K. Cell-type-specific responses to the microbiota across all tissues of the larval zebrafish. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112095. [PMID: 36787219 PMCID: PMC10423310 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal development proceeds in the presence of intimate microbial associations, but the extent to which different host cells across the body respond to resident microbes remains to be fully explored. Using the vertebrate model organism, the larval zebrafish, we assessed transcriptional responses to the microbiota across the entire body at single-cell resolution. We find that cell types across the body, not limited to tissues at host-microbe interfaces, respond to the microbiota. Responses are cell-type-specific, but across many tissues the microbiota enhances cell proliferation, increases metabolism, and stimulates a diversity of cellular activities, revealing roles for the microbiota in promoting developmental plasticity. This work provides a resource for exploring transcriptional responses to the microbiota across all cell types of the vertebrate body and generating new hypotheses about the interactions between vertebrate hosts and their microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle S Massaquoi
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, 1318 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene, OR 97403, USA; Thermo Fisher Scientific, 29851 Willow Creek Road, Eugene, OR 97402, USA; Thermo Fisher Scientific, 22025 20th Avenue SE, Bothell, WA 98021, USA
| | - Garth L Kong
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, 1318 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - Daisy Chilin-Fuentes
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, 1318 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - Julia S Ngo
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, 1318 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - Patrick F Horve
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, 1318 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - Ellie Melancon
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, 1254 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - M Kristina Hamilton
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, 1318 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene, OR 97403, USA; Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, 1254 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA; Thermo Fisher Scientific, 29851 Willow Creek Road, Eugene, OR 97402, USA
| | - Judith S Eisen
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, 1318 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene, OR 97403, USA; Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, 1254 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - Karen Guillemin
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, 1318 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene, OR 97403, USA; Humans and the Microbiome Program, CIFAR, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yao YL, Ma XY, Wang TY, Yan JY, Chen NF, Hong JS, Liu BQ, Xu ZQ, Zhang N, Lv C, Sun X, Luan JB. A bacteriocyte symbiont determines whitefly sex ratio by regulating mitochondrial function. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112102. [PMID: 36774548 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutritional symbionts influence host reproduction, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unclear. We previously found that the bacteriocyte symbiont Hamiltonella impacts the sex ratio of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci. Hamiltonella synthesizes folate by cooperation with the whitefly. Folate deficiency by Hamiltonella elimination or whitefly gene silencing distorted whitefly sex ratio, and folate supplementation restored the sex ratio. Hamiltonella deficiency or gene silencing altered histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3) level, which was restored by folate supplementation. Genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation-seq analysis of H3K9me3 indicated mitochondrial dysfunction in symbiont-deficient whiteflies. Hamiltonella deficiency compromised mitochondrial quality of whitefly ovaries. Repressing ovary mitochondrial function led to distorted whitefly sex ratio. These findings indicate that the symbiont-derived folate regulates host histone methylation modifications, which thereby impacts ovary mitochondrial function, and finally determines host sex ratio. Our study suggests that a nutritional symbiont can regulate animal reproduction in a way that differs from reproductive manipulators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Lin Yao
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Economic and Applied Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Xin-Yu Ma
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Economic and Applied Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Tian-Yu Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Economic and Applied Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Jin-Yang Yan
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Economic and Applied Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Nai-Fei Chen
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Economic and Applied Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Ji-Sheng Hong
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Economic and Applied Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Bing-Qi Liu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Economic and Applied Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Zi-Qi Xu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Economic and Applied Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Nuo Zhang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Economic and Applied Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Chao Lv
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Economic and Applied Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Xiang Sun
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Economic and Applied Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Jun-Bo Luan
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Economic and Applied Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
Insects are highly successful in colonizing a wide spectrum of ecological niches and in feeding on a wide diversity of diets. This is notably linked to their capacity to get from their microbiota any essential component lacking in the diet such as vitamins and amino acids. Over a century of research based on dietary analysis, antimicrobial treatment, gnotobiotic rearing, and culture-independent microbe detection progressively generated a wealth of information about the role of the microbiota in specific aspects of insect fitness. Thanks to the recent increase in sequencing capacities, whole-genome sequencing of a number of symbionts has facilitated tracing of biosynthesis pathways, validation of experimental data and evolutionary analyses. This field of research has generated a considerable set of data in a diversity of hosts harboring specific symbionts or nonspecific microbiota members. Here, we review the current knowledge on the involvement of the microbiota in insect and tick nutrition, with a particular focus on B vitamin provision. We specifically question if there is any specificity of B vitamin provision by symbionts compared to the redundant yet essential contribution of nonspecific microbes. We successively highlight the known aspects of microbial vitamin provision during three main life stages of invertebrates: postembryonic development, adulthood, and reproduction.
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhan X, Fletcher L, Huyben D, Cai H, Dingle S, Qi N, Huber LA, Wang B, Li J. Choline supplementation regulates gut microbiome diversity, gut epithelial activity, and the cytokine gene expression in gilts. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1101519. [PMID: 36819695 PMCID: PMC9931747 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1101519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Choline is an essential nutrient that is necessary for both fetal development and maintenance of neural function, while its effect on female ovarian development is largely unexplored. Our previous study demonstrated that choline supplementation promotes ovarian follicular development and ovulation, although its underlying mechanism was unclear. To uncover the potential regulation pathway, eighteen female Yorkshire × Landrace gilts were fed with either standard commercial diet (Control group, n = 9) or choline supplemented diet (Choline group, additional 500 mg/kg of control diet, n = 9) from day 90 of age to day 186. At day 186, feces samples were analyzed for effects on the gut microbiome using 16S ribosomal RNA gene V3-V4 region sequencing with Illumina MiSeq, serum samples were analyzed for trimethylamine (TMA) and trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) using HILIC method, and jejunum tissues were analyzed for immune related gene expression using qRT-PCR. Our results show that choline supplementation did not alter the circulating level of TMA and TMAO (P > 0.05), but rather increased gut microbiome alpha diversity (P < 0.05). Beta diversity analysis results showed that the choline diet mainly increased the abundance of Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria, but decreased the abundance of Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes, and Euryarchaeota at the phyla level. Meta-genomic analysis revealed that choline supplementation activated pathways in the gut microbiota associated with steroid hormone biosynthesis and degradation of infertility-causing environmental pollutants (bisphenol, xylene, and dioxins). To further verify the effect of choline on intestinal activity, a porcine intestine cell line (IPEC-J2) was treated with serial concentrations of choline chloride in vitro. Our data demonstrated that choline promoted the proliferation of IPEC-J2 while inhibiting the apoptotic activity. qRT-PCR results showed that choline significantly increased the expression level of Bcl2 in both IPEC-J2 cells and jejunum tissues. The expression of IL-22, a cytokine that has been shown to impact ovarian function, was increased by choline treatment in vitro. Our findings reveal the beneficial effect of choline supplementation on enhancing the gut microbiome composition and intestinal epithelial activity, and offer insights into how these changes may have contributed to the ovarian development-promoting effect we reported in our previous study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshu Zhan
- Department of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China,Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Lauren Fletcher
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - David Huyben
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Haiming Cai
- Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Serena Dingle
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Nanshan Qi
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada,Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lee-Anne Huber
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Bingyun Wang
- Department of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China,*Correspondence: Bingyun Wang,
| | - Julang Li
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada,Julang Li,
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
The Crosstalk between Microbiome and Mitochondrial Homeostasis in Neurodegeneration. Cells 2023; 12:cells12030429. [PMID: 36766772 PMCID: PMC9913973 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that serve as the primary cellular energy-generating system. Apart from ATP production, they are essential for many biological processes, including calcium homeostasis, lipid biogenesis, ROS regulation and programmed cell death, which collectively render them invaluable for neuronal integrity and function. Emerging evidence indicates that mitochondrial dysfunction and altered mitochondrial dynamics are crucial hallmarks of a wide variety of neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative conditions. At the same time, the gut microbiome has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders due to the bidirectional communication between the gut and the central nervous system, known as the gut-brain axis. Here we summarize new insights into the complex interplay between mitochondria, gut microbiota and neurodegeneration, and we refer to animal models that could elucidate the underlying mechanisms, as well as novel interventions to tackle age-related neurodegenerative conditions, based on this intricate network.
Collapse
|
11
|
Effect of Dietary Inclusion of Riboflavin on Growth, Nutrient Digestibility and Ruminal Fermentation in Hu Lambs. Animals (Basel) 2022; 13:ani13010026. [PMID: 36611637 PMCID: PMC9817499 DOI: 10.3390/ani13010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The study evaluated the influences of riboflavin (RF) supply on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and ruminal fermentation in lambs. Forty-eight Hu lambs were randomly assigned into four groups receiving RF of 0, 15, 30 and 45 mg/kg dry mater (DM), respectively. Increasing RF supply did not affect the DM intake, but quadratically increased the average daily gain and linearly decreased feed conversion ratio. Total-tract DM, neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre and crude protein digestibility increased quadratically. Rumen pH and propionate molar percentage decreased linearly, total volatile fatty acids concentration, acetate proportion and the ratio of acetate to propionate increased linearly, but ammonia nitrogen concentration was unchanged with increasing RF supply. Linear increases were observed on the activities of carboxymethyl-cellulase, xylanase, pectinase and protease, and the populations of bacteria, fungi, protozoa, dominant cellulolytic bacteria, Ruminobacter amylophilus and Prevotella ruminicola. Methanogens population was not affected by RF supplementation. The microbial protein amount and urinary total purine derivatives excretion increased quadratically. The results indicated that 30 mg/kg DM RF supply improved growth performance, rumen fermentation and nutrient digestion in lambs.
Collapse
|
12
|
Zarei I, Koistinen VM, Kokla M, Klåvus A, Babu AF, Lehtonen M, Auriola S, Hanhineva K. Tissue-wide metabolomics reveals wide impact of gut microbiota on mice metabolite composition. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15018. [PMID: 36056162 PMCID: PMC9440220 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19327-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The essential role of gut microbiota in health and disease is well recognized, but the biochemical details that underlie the beneficial impact remain largely undefined. To maintain its stability, microbiota participates in an interactive host-microbiota metabolic signaling, impacting metabolic phenotypes of the host. Dysbiosis of microbiota results in alteration of certain microbial and host metabolites. Identifying these markers could enhance early detection of certain diseases. We report LC-MS based non-targeted metabolic profiling that demonstrates a large effect of gut microbiota on mammalian tissue metabolites. It was hypothesized that gut microbiota influences the overall biochemistry of host metabolome and this effect is tissue-specific. Thirteen different tissues from germ-free (GF) and conventionally-raised (MPF) C57BL/6NTac mice were selected and their metabolic differences were analyzed. Our study demonstrated a large effect of microbiota on mammalian biochemistry at different tissues and resulted in statistically-significant modulation of metabolites from multiple metabolic pathways (p ≤ 0.05). Hundreds of molecular features were detected exclusively in one mouse group, with the majority of these being unique to specific tissue. A vast metabolic response of host to metabolites generated by the microbiota was observed, suggesting gut microbiota has a direct impact on host metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iman Zarei
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Ville M Koistinen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
- Food Chemistry and Food Development Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Itäinen Pitkäkatu 4, 20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Marietta Kokla
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anton Klåvus
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ambrin Farizah Babu
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marko Lehtonen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Science, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
- LC-MS Metabolomics Center, Biocenter Kuopio, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Seppo Auriola
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Science, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
- LC-MS Metabolomics Center, Biocenter Kuopio, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kati Hanhineva
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.
- Food Chemistry and Food Development Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Itäinen Pitkäkatu 4, 20014, Turku, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Feng YQ, Zhao AH, Wang JJ, Tian Y, Yan ZH, Dri M, Shen W, De Felici M, Li L. Oxidative stress as a plausible mechanism for zearalenone to induce genome toxicity. Gene 2022; 829:146511. [PMID: 35447234 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEN), a common non-steroidal estrogenic mycotoxin of the Fusarium genus, is one of the most frequent and powerful contaminant of grains and cereal products representing a serious threat for people and livestock health. In fact, ZEN causes cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in a variety of cell types at least in part through binding to estrogen receptors (ERs). The main pathways through which ZEN induces such effects remain, however, elusive. In particular, how the mycotoxin causes DNA damage, dysregulates DNA repair mechanisms, changes epigenome of targeted cells and, not least, affects chromatin conformation and non-coding RNA (ncRNA), is unclear. In the present paper, following extensive review of the literature about such ZEN effects and our own experience in studying the effects of this compound on reproductive processes, we propose that increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and consequently oxidative stress (OS) are central in ZEN genotoxicity. Besides to shed light on the action mechanisms of the mycotoxin, this notion might help to develop effective strategies to counteract its deleterious biological effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Qin Feng
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Ai-Hong Zhao
- Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Jun-Jie Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Yu Tian
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Zi-Hui Yan
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Maria Dri
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Wei Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Massimo De Felici
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy.
| | - Lan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gnainsky Y, Itkin M, Mehlman T, Brandis A, Malitsky S, Soen Y. Protocol for studying microbiome impact on host energy and reproduction in Drosophila. STAR Protoc 2022; 3:101253. [PMID: 35330965 PMCID: PMC8938908 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Drosophila gut microbiome in flies has been shown to have a systemic influence on energy production by the host and the energetic investment in growth and reproduction. Here we describe a protocol for studying the mechanisms responsible for this remote regulation by gut bacteria. This protocol enables whole-body and ovary-specific quantification of energy-storing molecules as well as identification of host metabolites and pathways that are regulated by gut microbiome-derived factors. Similar procedures are applicable to additional treatments and genetic manipulations. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Gnainsky et al. (2021). Protocol for studying Drosophila gut bacteria impact on host metabolism and reproduction Preparation of germ-free flies and evaluation of oocyte development An assay for sensitive detection and quantification of energy-storing molecules Metabolomic analysis and identification of altered metabolic pathways
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Gnainsky
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7670001, Israel
| | - Maxim Itkin
- Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7670001, Israel
| | - Tevie Mehlman
- Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7670001, Israel
| | - Alexander Brandis
- Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7670001, Israel
| | - Sergey Malitsky
- Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7670001, Israel
| | - Yoav Soen
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7670001, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Moving beyond descriptive studies: harnessing metabolomics to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underpinning host-microbiome phenotypes. Mucosal Immunol 2022; 15:1071-1084. [PMID: 35970917 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-022-00553-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Advances in technology and software have radically expanded the scope of metabolomics studies and allow us to monitor a broad transect of central carbon metabolism in routine studies. These increasingly sophisticated tools have shown that many human diseases are modulated by microbial metabolism. Despite this, it remains surprisingly difficult to move beyond these statistical associations and identify the specific molecular mechanisms that link dysbiosis to the progression of human disease. This difficulty stems from both the biological intricacies of host-microbiome dynamics as well as the analytical complexities inherent to microbiome metabolism research. The primary objective of this review is to examine the experimental and computational tools that can provide insights into the molecular mechanisms at work in host-microbiome interactions and to highlight the undeveloped frontiers that are currently holding back microbiome research from fully leveraging the benefits of modern metabolomics.
Collapse
|
16
|
Feng YQ, Wang JJ, Li MH, Tian Y, Zhao AH, Li L, De Felici M, Shen W. Impaired primordial follicle assembly in offspring ovaries from zearalenone-exposed mothers involves reduced mitochondrial activity and altered epigenetics in oocytes. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:258. [PMID: 35469021 PMCID: PMC11071983 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04288-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Previous works have shown that zearalenone (ZEA), as an estrogenic pollutant, has adverse effects on mammalian folliculogenesis. In the present study, we found that prolonged exposure of female mice to ZEA around the end of pregnancy caused severe impairment of primordial follicle formation in the ovaries of newborn mice and altered the expression of many genes in oocytes as revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). These changes were associated with morphological and molecular alterations of mitochondria, increased autophagic markers in oocytes, and epigenetic changes in the ovaries of newborn mice from ZEA-exposed mothers. The latter increased expression of HDAC2 deacetylases was leading to decreased levels of H3K9ac and H4K12ac. Most of these modifications were relieved when the expression of Hdac2 in newborn ovaries was reduced by RNA interference during in vitro culture in the presence of ZEA. Such changes were also alleviated in offspring ovaries from mothers treated with both ZEA and the coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), which is known to be able to restore mitochondrial activities. We concluded that impaired mitochondrial activities in oocytes caused by ZEA are at the origin of metabolic alterations that modify the expression of genes controlling autophagy and primordial follicle assembly through changes in epigenetic histones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Qin Feng
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Jun-Jie Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Ming-Hao Li
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Yu Tian
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Ai-Hong Zhao
- Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Lan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Massimo De Felici
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Wei Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hussain S, Perveen N, Hussain A, Song B, Aziz MU, Zeb J, Li J, George D, Cabezas-Cruz A, Sparagano O. The Symbiotic Continuum Within Ticks: Opportunities for Disease Control. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:854803. [PMID: 35369485 PMCID: PMC8969565 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.854803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Among blood-sucking arthropods, ticks are recognized as being of prime global importance because of their role as vectors of pathogens affecting human and animal health. Ticks carry a variety of pathogenic, commensal, and symbiotic microorganisms. For the latter, studies are available concerning the detection of endosymbionts, but their role in the physiology and ecology of ticks remains largely unexplored. This review paper focuses on tick endosymbionts of the genera Coxiella, Rickettsia, Francisella, Midichloria, and Wolbachia, and their impact on ticks and tick-pathogen interactions that drive disease risk. Tick endosymbionts can affect tick physiology by influencing nutritional adaptation, fitness, and immunity. Further, symbionts may influence disease ecology, as they interact with tick-borne pathogens and can facilitate or compete with pathogen development within the vector tissues. Rickettsial symbionts are frequently found in ticks of the genera of Ixodes, Amblyomma, and Dermacentor with relatively lower occurrence in Rhipicephalus, Haemaphysalis, and Hyalomma ticks, while Coxiella-like endosymbionts (CLEs) were reported infecting almost all tick species tested. Francisella-like endosymbionts (FLEs) have been identified in tick genera such as Dermacentor, Amblyomma, Ornithodoros, Ixodes, and Hyalomma, whereas Wolbachia sp. has been detected in Ixodes, Amblyomma, Hyalomma, and Rhipicephalus tick genera. Notably, CLEs and FLEs are obligate endosymbionts essential for tick survival and development through the life cycle. American dog ticks showed greater motility when infected with Rickettsia, indirectly influencing infection risk, providing evidence of a relationship between tick endosymbionts and tick-vectored pathogens. The widespread occurrence of endosymbionts across the tick phylogeny and evidence of their functional roles in ticks and interference with tick-borne pathogens suggests a significant contribution to tick evolution and/or vector competence. We currently understand relatively little on how these endosymbionts influence tick parasitism, vector capacity, pathogen transmission and colonization, and ultimately on how they influence tick-borne disease dynamics. Filling this knowledge gap represents a major challenge for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabir Hussain
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Nighat Perveen
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abrar Hussain
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Baolin Song
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Muhammad Umair Aziz
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jehan Zeb
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - David George
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Alejandro Cabezas-Cruz
- Anses, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, UMR BIPAR, Laboratoire de Santé Animale, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Olivier Sparagano
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Keith SA, Bishop C, Fallacaro S, McCartney BM. Arc1 and the microbiota together modulate growth and metabolic traits in Drosophila. Development 2021; 148:271091. [PMID: 34323271 DOI: 10.1242/dev.195222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Perturbations to animal-associated microbial communities (the microbiota) have deleterious effects on various aspects of host fitness, but the molecular processes underlying these impacts are poorly understood. Here, we identify a connection between the microbiota and the neuronal factor Arc1 that affects growth and metabolism in Drosophila. We find that Arc1 exhibits tissue-specific microbiota-dependent expression changes, and that germ-free flies bearing a null mutation of Arc1 exhibit delayed and stunted larval growth, along with a variety of molecular, cellular and organismal traits indicative of metabolic dysregulation. Remarkably, we show that the majority of these phenotypes can be fully suppressed by mono-association with a single Acetobacter sp. isolate, through mechanisms involving both bacterial diet modification and live bacteria. Additionally, we provide evidence that Arc1 function in key neuroendocrine cells of the larval brain modulates growth and metabolic homeostasis under germ-free conditions. Our results reveal a role for Arc1 in modulating physiological responses to the microbial environment, and highlight how host-microbe interactions can profoundly impact the phenotypic consequences of genetic mutations in an animal host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Keith
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Cassandra Bishop
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Samantha Fallacaro
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Brooke M McCartney
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Huang Q, Zhang X, Hu Z. Application of Artificial Intelligence Modeling Technology Based on Multi-Omics in Noninvasive Diagnosis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:1933-1943. [PMID: 34017190 PMCID: PMC8131075 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s306816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is difficult to diagnose and classify. The purpose of this study is to establish an artificial intelligence model based on fecal multi-omics data for multi-classification diagnosis of IBD and its subtypes. Materials and Methods A total of 299 clinical cohort studies were included in this study, including 86 healthy people, 140 CD patients and 73 UC patients. Based on the idea of hierarchical modeling for different groups, we model the total population and the groups with self-evaluation of "very well" and "slightly below par", respectively. The original total features were fecal multi-omics data, including metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, viromics, faecal calprotectin. The importance, collinearity and other feature engineering methods were used to evaluate the features. Finally, three individualized diagnosis models with less features and high accuracy were obtained. Results First, we screened 111 features to form the optimal feature set for the total population and established a three-classification individual diagnosis model with AUC of 0.83, which can simultaneously diagnose health, CD and UC. Secondly, according to the hierarchical modeling of the total population, we established two models for population with different self-evaluation. For "very well" population, we screened 59 features and established a three-classification diagnostic model with AUC of 0.85. For the self-evaluation population with "slightly below par", we finally included 22 features and established a three-classification diagnostic model with AUC of 0.84. Only metabolomics and metatranscriptomics features were included in the optimal feature sets. Conclusion This study provides a valuable method for high accuracy, noninvasive diagnosis and subtype identification of IBD patients. Researchers can choose biomarkers in different models according to different self-evaluation of patients. Simple noninvasive fecal sampling can be used to detect metabolomics and metatranscriptomics data, thus replacing the tedious and painful clinical colonoscopy and biopsy procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiongrong Huang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Hu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China.,School of Nanoscience and Technology, Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.,School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Shu R, Hahn DA, Jurkevitch E, Liburd OE, Yuval B, Wong ACN. Sex-Dependent Effects of the Microbiome on Foraging and Locomotion in Drosophila suzukii. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:656406. [PMID: 34040592 PMCID: PMC8141744 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.656406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence that symbiotic microbes can influence multiple nutrition-related behaviors of their hosts, including locomotion, feeding, and foraging. However, how the microbiome affects nutrition-related behavior is largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate clear sexual dimorphism in how the microbiome affects foraging behavior of a frugivorous fruit fly, Drosophila suzukii. Female flies deprived of their microbiome (axenic) were consistently less active in foraging on fruits than their conventional counterparts, even though they were more susceptible to starvation and starvation-induced locomotion was notably more elevated in axenic than conventional females. Such behavioral change was not observed in male flies. The lag of axenic female flies but not male flies to forage on fruits is associated with lower oviposition by axenic flies, and mirrored by reduced food seeking observed in virgin females when compared to mated, gravid females. In contrast to foraging intensity being highly dependent on the microbiome, conventional and axenic flies of both sexes showed relatively consistent and similar fruit preferences in foraging and oviposition, with raspberries being preferred among the fruits tested. Collectively, this work highlights a clear sex-specific effect of the microbiome on foraging and locomotion behaviors in flies, an important first step toward identifying specific mechanisms that may drive the modulation of insect behavior by interactions between the host, the microbiome, and food.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Runhang Shu
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Daniel A Hahn
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,UF Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Edouard Jurkevitch
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Oscar E Liburd
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Boaz Yuval
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Adam Chun-Nin Wong
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,UF Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| |
Collapse
|