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Hoang ATP, Do MC, Kim KW. Environmental risk assessment of selected pharmaceuticals in hospital wastewater in nothern Vietnam. Chemosphere 2024; 356:141973. [PMID: 38608777 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals are progressively employed in both human and veterinary medicine and increasingly recognized as environmental contaminants. This study investigated the occurrence of selected pharmaceuticals in influent and effluent of wastewater treatment plants of 12 hospitals in Hanoi and 3 northern cities of Vietnam during dry and rainy seasons. In addition, environmental risk of pharmaceuticals in both hospital influents and effluents were evaluated based on risk quotients (RQs). Nine selected pharmaceutical compounds including sulfamethoxazole (SMX), naproxen (NPX), diclofenac (DCF), ibuprofen (IBU), acetaminophen (ACT), carbamazepine (CBM), iopromide (IOP), atenolol (ATN), and caffeine (CAF) were frequently detected in most influent and effluent wastewaters of 12 investigated hospitals. Detected compound levels exhibited a wide range, from as low as 1 ng/L for DCF to as high as 61,772 ng/L for ACT. Among these compounds, ACT, CAF, SMX, and IOP were consistently detected at substantial concentrations in both influents and effluents. This investigation also highlighted potential risks posed by SMX, ACT, and CAF residues present in influents and effluents of hospital wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) to aquatic ecosystem. These finding are expected to provide scientific-based evidence for the development of hospital waste management and environmental management programs in Vietnam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh T P Hoang
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 61005, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Manh Cuong Do
- Health Environment Management Agency, Ministry of Health, 12014, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Kyoung-Woong Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 61005, Gwangju, South Korea.
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2
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Barros de Souza A, Ali I, van de Goor T, Dewil R, Cabooter D. Comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography with high resolution mass spectrometry to investigate the photoelectrochemical degradation of environmentally relevant pharmaceuticals and their degradation products in water. J Environ Manage 2024; 351:120023. [PMID: 38181683 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
The widespread presence of organic micropollutants in the environment reflects the inability of traditional wastewater treatment plants to remove them. In this context, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have emerged as promising quaternary wastewater treatment technologies since they efficiently degrade recalcitrant components by generating highly reactive free radicals. Nonetheless, the chemical characterization of potentially harmful byproducts is essential to avoid the contamination of natural water bodies with hazardous substances. Given the complexity of wastewater matrices, the implementation of comprehensive analytical methodologies is required. In this work, the simultaneous photoelectrochemical degradation of seven environmentally relevant pharmaceuticals and one metabolite from the EU Watch List 2020/1161 was examined in ultrapure water and simulated wastewater, achieving excellent removal efficiencies (overall >95%) after 180 min treatment. The reactor unit was linked to an online LC sample manager, allowing for automated sampling every 15 min and near real-time process monitoring. Online comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography (LC × LC) coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) was subsequently used to tentatively identify degradation products after photoelectrochemical degradation. Two reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) columns were used: an SB-C18 column operated with 5 mM ammonium formate at pH 5.8 (1A) and methanol (1B) as the mobile phases in the first dimension and an SB-Aq column using acidified water at pH 3.1 (2A) and acetonitrile (2B) as the mobile phases in the second dimension. This resulted in a five-fold increase in peak capacity compared to one-dimensional LC while maintaining the same total analysis time of 50 min. The LC x LC method allowed the tentative identification of 12 venlafaxine, 7 trimethoprim and 10 ciprofloxacin intermediates. Subsequent toxicity predictions suggested that some of these byproducts were potentially harmful. This study presents an effective hybrid technology for the simultaneous removal of pharmaceuticals from contaminated wastewater matrices and demonstrates how multidimensional liquid chromatography techniques can be applied to better understand the degradation mechanisms after the treatment of micropollutants with AOPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allisson Barros de Souza
- Agilent Technologies Deutschland, Hewlett-Packard-Strasse 8, 76337, Waldbronn, Germany; KU Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Izba Ali
- InOpSys - Mobiele Waterzuivering voor Chemie en Farma, Maanstraat 9b, 2800, Mechelen, Belgium; KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental Technology Lab, J. De Nayerlaan 5, 2860, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
| | - Tom van de Goor
- Agilent Technologies Deutschland, Hewlett-Packard-Strasse 8, 76337, Waldbronn, Germany
| | - Raf Dewil
- KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental Technology Lab, J. De Nayerlaan 5, 2860, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium; University of Oxford, Department of Engineering Science, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PJ, United Kingdom
| | - Deirdre Cabooter
- KU Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
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Manna M, Sen S. Advanced oxidation process: a sustainable technology for treating refractory organic compounds present in industrial wastewater. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:25477-25505. [PMID: 35287196 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19435-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The world faces tremendous challenges and environmental crises due to the rising strength of wastewater. The conventional technologies fail to achieve the quality water that can be reused after treatment means "zero effluent" discharge of the industrial effluent. Therefore, now the key challenge is to develop improved technologies which will have no contribution to secondary pollution and at the same time more efficient for the socio-economic growth of the environment. Sustainable technologies are needed for wastewater treatment, reducing footprint by recycling, reusing, and recovering resources. Advanced oxidation process (AOP) is one of the sustainable emerging technologies for treating refractory organic contaminants present in different industrial wastewaters like textile, paper and pulp, pharmaceuticals, petrochemicals, and refineries. This critical review emerges details of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), mentioning all possible permutations and combinations of components like ozone, UV, the catalyst used in the process. Non-conventional AOP systems, microwave, ultrasound, and plasma pulse assisted are the future of the oxidation process. This review aims to enlighten the role of AOPs for the mineralization of refractory organic contaminants (ROC) to readily biodegradable organics that cannot be either possible by conventional treatment. The integrated AOPs can improve the biodegradability of recalcitrant organic compounds and reduce the toxicity of wastewater, making them suitable for further biological treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhumita Manna
- Catalysis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, NIT Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Sujit Sen
- Catalysis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, NIT Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India.
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Zhang W, Fourcade F, Amrane A, Geneste F. Removal of Iodine-Containing X-ray Contrast Media from Environment: The Challenge of a Total Mineralization. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28010341. [PMID: 36615536 PMCID: PMC9822505 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Iodinated X-ray contrast media (ICM) as emerging micropollutants have attracted considerable attention in recent years due to their high detected concentration in water systems. It results in environmental issues partly due to the formation of toxic by-products during the disinfection process in water treatment. Consequently, various approaches have been investigated by researchers in order to achieve ICM total mineralization. This review discusses the different methods that have been used to degrade them, with special attention to the mineralization yield and to the nature of formed by-products. The problem of pollution by ICM is discussed in the first part dedicated to the presence of ICM in the environment and its consequences. In the second part, the processes for ICM treatment including biological treatment, advanced oxidation/reductive processes, and coupled processes are reviewed in detail. The main results and mechanisms involved in each approach are described, and by-products identified during the different treatments are listed. Moreover, based on their efficiency and their cost-effectiveness, the prospects and process developments of ICM treatment are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226, Univ Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France
- CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226, Univ Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Florence Fourcade
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226, Univ Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France
- Correspondence: (F.F.); (F.G.)
| | - Abdeltif Amrane
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226, Univ Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Florence Geneste
- CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226, Univ Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France
- Correspondence: (F.F.); (F.G.)
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5
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Wang S, Chen Z, Yan P, She T, Wang W, Bi L, Kang J, Shen J, Li X, Shen L, Cheng Y. Enhanced degradation of iohexol in water by CuFe 2O 4 activated peroxymonosulfate: Efficiency, mechanism and degradation pathway. Chemosphere 2022; 289:133198. [PMID: 34890616 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Iohexol as an iodinated X-ray contrast agent is widely used, and it is the potential precursor for toxic iodinated disinfection by-products in the disinfection process. In this study, a series of CuFe2O4 catalysts were prepared by sol-gel method with different molar ratios of total metal cations to citric acid ([Men+]T/CA) and employed as heterogeneous catalysts to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for the removal of iohexol. The catalysts were characterized by various technologies, and the effect of [Men+]T/CA molar ratio on the catalysts' properties was explored. The CuFe2O4 synthesized with [Men+]T/CA molar ratio of 1:1 showed the best catalytic activity to PMS, and 95.0% of 1.0 mg/L iohexol was removed within 15 min by using 50 mg/L CuFe2O4 and 20 mg/L PMS. The quenching experiment and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra indicated the generation of SO4- and OH in the CuFe2O4/PMS system, and the quantity experiments revealed that the generation concentration of SO4- was ten times higher than that of OH. The generation mechanism of SO4- and ·OH were investigated by ATR-FTIR and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra. The effects of catalyst dosage, PMS and iohexol concentration on the removal of iohexol were studied, and various water matrix factors including solution pH, natural organic matter (NOM) concentration and inorganic ions were also considered. Based on the twelve intermediate products of iohexol detected by UPLC-QTOF/MS, the degradation pathway was proposed. The high catalytic activity and reusability of CuFe2O4 indicated that CuFe2O4 activating PMS is an effective and sustainable way for the treatment of iohexol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Zhonglin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Pengwei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
| | - Tianhao She
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Weiqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Lanbo Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Jing Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
| | - Jimin Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, PR China.
| | - Xueyan Li
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, PR China
| | - Linlu Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Yizhen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
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Sengar A, Vijayanandan A. Comprehensive review on iodinated X-ray contrast media: Complete fate, occurrence, and formation of disinfection byproducts. Sci Total Environ 2021; 769:144846. [PMID: 33736235 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Iodinated contrast media (ICM) are drugs which are used in medical examinations for organ imaging purposes. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have shown incapability to remove ICM, and as a consequence, ICM and their transformation products (TPs) have been detected in environmental waters. ICM show limited biotransformation and low sorption potential. ICM can act as iodine source and can react with commonly used disinfectants such as chlorine in presence of organic matter to yield iodinated disinfection byproducts (IDBPs) which are more cytotoxic and genotoxic than conventionally known disinfection byproducts (DBPs). Even highly efficient advanced treatment systems have failed to completely mineralize ICM, and TPs that are more toxic than parent ICM are produced. This raises issues regarding the efficacy of existing treatment technologies and serious concern over disinfection of ICM containing waters. Realizing this, the current review aims to capture the attention of scientific community on areas of less focus. The review features in depth knowledge regarding complete environmental fate of ICM along with their existing treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Sengar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Arya Vijayanandan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India.
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Tufail A, Price WE, Hai FI. A critical review on advanced oxidation processes for the removal of trace organic contaminants: A voyage from individual to integrated processes. Chemosphere 2020; 260:127460. [PMID: 32673866 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), such as photolysis, photocatalysis, ozonation, Fenton process, anodic oxidation, sonolysis, and wet air oxidation, have been investigated extensively for the removal of a wide range of trace organic contaminants (TrOCs). A standalone AOP may not achieve complete removal of a broad group of TrOCs. When combined, AOPs produce more hydroxyl radicals, thus performing better degradation of the TrOCs. A number of studies have reported significant improvement in TrOC degradation efficiency by using a combination of AOPs. This review briefly discusses the individual AOPs and their limitations towards the degradation of TrOCs containing different functional groups. It also classifies integrated AOPs and comprehensively explains their effectiveness for the degradation of a wide range of TrOCs. Integrated AOPs are categorized as UV irradiation based AOPs, ozonation/Fenton process-based AOPs, and electrochemical AOPs. Under appropriate conditions, combined AOPs not only initiate degradation but may also lead to complete mineralization. Various factors can affect the efficiency of integrated processes including water chemistry, the molecular structure of TrCOs, and ions co-occurring in water. For example, the presence of organic ions (e.g., humic acid and fulvic acid) and inorganic ions (e.g., halide, carbonate, and nitrate ions) in water can have a significant impact. In general, these ions either convert to high redox potential radicals upon collision with other reactive species and increase the reaction rates, or may act as radical scavengers and decrease the process efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arbab Tufail
- Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, School of Civil, Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - William E Price
- Strategic Water Infrastructure Lab, School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Faisal I Hai
- Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, School of Civil, Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.
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Zhang T, Yang Y, Gao J, Li X, Yu H, Wang N, Du P, Yu R, Li H, Fan X, Zhou Z. Synergistic degradation of chloramphenicol by ultrasound-enhanced nanoscale zero-valent iron/persulfate treatment. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.116575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Wang Z, Wang X, Yuan R, Xiao D. Resolving the kinetic and intrinsic constraints of heat-activated peroxydisulfate oxidation of iopromide in aqueous solution. J Hazard Mater 2020; 384:121281. [PMID: 31585288 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Iopromide (IOP) has been identified as one of the most persistent pharmaceuticals in wastewater treatment processes, however, kinetic and intrinsic factors constraining its fast removal in advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are yet to be resolved. Here oxidation of IOP by heat-activated peroxydisulfate (PDS) was investigated both experimentally and theoretically. Rates of IOP degradation were enhanced by elevating solution temperature and acidity. An apparent kinetic rate equation was developed, based on the pseudo-first-order reaction model and assumption of steady state of SO4-. The common water constituents showed inhibitory effects on IOP decomposition to various extent. An insufficient supply of SO4- was considered as the major kinetic constraint. Eight byproducts were identified and most of which had intact triiodinated benzene ring. O-demethylation, oxidation of amino moiety and oxidation/elimination of alcohol groups are proposed as the primary degradation pathways, in accordance with the incomplete mineralization and non-detectable release of inorganic iodine. Quantum chemical calculations predict that oxidation of alkyl chains of IOP preferentially occurs and IOP byproducts with shorter side chains and intact triiodinated ring are more reactive than IOP. By virtue of the identified kinetic and intrinsic constraints, strategies to maximize degradation efficiency of IOP are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Ecological Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC), Shanghai 200062, China.
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Ruixia Yuan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, 163318, China
| | - Dongxue Xiao
- Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Shanghai 200090, China
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Durán-álvarez J, Hernández-morales V, Rodríguez-varela M, Guerrero-araque D, Ramirez-ortega D, Castillón F, Acevedo-peña P, Zanella R. Ag2O/TiO2 nanostructures for the photocatalytic mineralization of the highly recalcitrant pollutant iopromide in pure and tap water. Catal Today 2020; 341:71-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2019.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Liu Z, Chys M, Yang Y, Demeestere K, Van Hulle S. Oxidation of Trace Organic Contaminants (TrOCs) in Wastewater Effluent with Different Ozone-Based AOPs: Comparison of Ozone Exposure and •OH Formation. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b00293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ze Liu
- LIWET, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Campus Kortrijk, Graaf Karel De Goedelaan 5, B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Michael Chys
- LIWET, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Campus Kortrijk, Graaf Karel De Goedelaan 5, B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Yongyuan Yang
- LIWET, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Campus Kortrijk, Graaf Karel De Goedelaan 5, B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Kristof Demeestere
- Research Group EnVOC, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stijn Van Hulle
- LIWET, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Campus Kortrijk, Graaf Karel De Goedelaan 5, B-8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
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12
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Lv XD, Cui YH, Xue WJ, Yang SQ, Li JY, Liu ZQ. Comparison of inert and non-inert cathode in cathode/Fe 3+/Peroxymonosulfate processes on iohexol degradation. Chemosphere 2019; 223:494-503. [PMID: 30784756 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.02.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effect of cathode materials on organics degradation in a cathode/Fe3+/PMS process, different cathode materials (platinum, copper and iron) were selected and their performances were compared with iohexol as target organics. The optimal conditions were found to be different for different cathode/Fe3+/PMS processes. With a relatively high cathodic current input (2.0 mA/cm2), similar results were found for all the three cathode/Fe3+/PMS processes. With a small cathodic current input (not higher than 1.0 mA/cm2), the iohexol removal followed the order of Fe-cathode/Fe3+/PMS > Cu-cathode/Fe3+/PMS > Pt-cathode/Fe3+/PMS, due to the corrosion of Cu-cathode and Fe-cathode and the more serious corrosion of Fe-cathode than Cu-cathode. The corrosion of non-inert cathode materials (Cu-cathode and Fe-cathode) meant that these cathodes not only transmitted electrons but also participated in aqueous reactions, which complicated the mechanisms of cathode/Fe3+/PMS processes. The radical identification experiments indicated that SO4- was more important than OH for iohexol degradation in Cu-cathode/Fe3+/PMS process, while OH played a major role in Pt-cathode/Fe3+/PMS and Fe-cathode/Fe3+/PMS processes. The different reaction mechanisms resulted in different iohexol transformation pathways in cathode/Fe3+/PMS processes with different cathode materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Dong Lv
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 135, Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Yu-Hong Cui
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
| | - Wei-Jun Xue
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Sui-Qin Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Jia-Ying Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Zheng-Qian Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
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Lv XD, Yang SQ, Xue WJ, Cui YH, Liu ZQ. Performance of Cu-cathode/Fe 3+/peroxymonosulfate process on iohexol degradation. J Hazard Mater 2019; 366:250-258. [PMID: 30530016 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.11.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Copper was used as a non-inert cathode material in a Cathode/Fe3+/peroxymonosulfate(PMS) system, and the performance of this novel Cu-cathode/Fe3+/PMS system was tested with a typical iodinated X-ray contrast media (iohexol) as target organics. The reaction mechanisms and the iohexol degradation pathways were investigated. The operational conditions of Cu-cathode/Fe3+/PMS process on iohexol degradation were optimized to be 1.0 mM Fe3+ dosage, 3.0 mM PMS dosage and 0.50 mA/cm2 of current input. The much lower current applied in the present study than previous reports would help to save energy and be more economical. Compared with typical inert cathode (Pt-cathode), the Cu-cathode/Fe3+/PMS process has better performance on both iohexol removal and deiodination, due to that Cu-cathode participated in Fe2+ regeneration and PMS activation via surface Cu°-Cu+(s)-Cu2+-Cu° redox cycle. Fe2+ could be produced via reactions between Fe3+ and Cu/Cu+(s) as well as cathodic reduction of Fe3+. SO4- was generated from PMS activation by Fe2+, Cu/Cu+(s) and cathodic reduction. OH was also generated in this process but SO4- played a dominant role in iohexol degradation. The intermediate products of iohexol and its transformation pathways were complex due to the varied reaction mechanisms involving both oxidation and reduction in Cu-cathode/Fe3+/PMS process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Dong Lv
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Sui-Qin Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Wei-Jun Xue
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Yu-Hong Cui
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, PR China.
| | - Zheng-Qian Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
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14
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Utzig LM, Lima RM, Gomes MF, Ramsdorf WA, Martins LRR, Liz MV, Freitas AM. Ecotoxicity response of chlorpyrifos in Aedes aegypti larvae and Lactuca sativa seeds after UV/H 2O 2 and UVC oxidation. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 169:449-456. [PMID: 30471582 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CP) is an organophosphate pesticide widely used in agriculture known to cause neurological and immunological effects in addition to interfering in the reproduction and development of organisms. In this study, CP degradation by UV/H2O2 process and UVC radiation was investigated, and the ecotoxicity and phytotoxicity was evaluated using bioassays of Aedes aegypti larvae and Lactuca sativa seeds. CP degradation was monitored by HPLC-DAD, and kinetic parameters were calculated for all processes evaluated. Results demonstrated that both processes are efficient, showing a reduction of over 97% of initial CP after 20 and 60 min of UV/H2O2 and UVC radiation, respectively. However, samples treated by UV/H2O2 process demonstrated increase of toxicity, leading to larvae mortality (>90% of organisms) and inhibition effects in seed root growth. The relationship between increased toxicity and the CP byproducts formed was not confirmed due to its low concentration. However, the direct influence of acetonitrile solvent, specifically their toxic byproducts, was observed. This study provides insights into parent compound abatement using oxidative treatment and the changes in toxicity due to the transformation of CP byproducts and complex mixtures (acetonitrile as solvent and hydrogen peroxide).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rubia M Lima
- Federal University of Technology - Paraná, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Marcus V Liz
- Federal University of Technology - Paraná, Brazil
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15
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Wang WL, Wu QY, Huang N, Xu ZB, Lee MY, Hu HY. Potential risks from UV/H 2O 2 oxidation and UV photocatalysis: A review of toxic, assimilable, and sensory-unpleasant transformation products. Water Res 2018; 141:109-125. [PMID: 29783164 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
UV based advanced oxidation processes (UV-AOPs) that efficiently eliminate organic pollutants during water treatment have been the subject of numerous investigations. Most organic pollutants are not completely mineralized during UV-AOPs but are partially oxidized into transformation products (TPs), thereby adding complexity to the treated water and posing risks to humans, ecological systems, and the environment. While the degradation kinetics and mechanisms of pollutants have been widely documented, there is little information about the risks associated with TPs. In this review, we have collated recent knowledge about the harmful TPs that are generated in UV/H2O2 and UV photocatalysis, two UV-AOPs that have been studied extensively. Toxic and assimilable TPs were ubiquitously observed in more than 80% of UV-AOPs of organic pollutants, of which the toxicity and assimilability levels changed with variations in the reaction conditions, such as the UV fluence and oxidant dosage. Previous studies and modeling assessments showed that toxic and assimilable TPs may be generated during hydroxylation, dealkylation, decarboxylation, and deamination. Among various reactions, TPs generated from dealkylation and decarboxylation were generally less and more toxic than the parent pollutants, respectively; TPs generated from decarboxylation and deamination were generally less and more assimilable than the parent pollutants, respectively. There is also potential concern about the sensory-unpleasant TPs generated by oxidations and subsequent metabolism of microorganisms. In this overview, we stress the need to include both the concentrations of organic pollutants and the evaluations of the risks from TPs for the quality assessments of the water treated by UV-AOPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Long Wang
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), and School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control of Shenzhen, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Qian-Yuan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control of Shenzhen, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
| | - Nan Huang
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), and School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Zi-Bin Xu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), and School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Min-Yong Lee
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), and School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Hong-Ying Hu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), and School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
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16
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Yang P, Luo S, Liu Y, Jiao W. Degradation of nitrobenzene wastewater in an acidic environment by Ti(IV)/H 2O 2/O 3 in a rotating packed bed. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:25060-25070. [PMID: 29936612 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2551-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The rotating packed bed (RPB) as a continuous flow reactor performs very well in degradation of nitrobenzene wastewater. In this study, acidic nitrobenzene wastewater was degraded using ozone (O3) combined with hydrogen peroxide and titanium ions (Ti(IV)/H2O2/O3) or using only H2O2/O3 in a RPB. The degradation efficiency of nitrobenzene by Ti(IV)/H2O2/O3 is roughly 16.84% higher than that by H2O2/O3, and it reaches as high as 94.64% in 30 min at a H2O2/O3 molar ratio of 0.48. It is also found that the degradation efficiency of nitrobenzene is significantly affected by the high gravity factor, H2O2/O3 molar ratio, and Ti(IV) concentration, and it reaches a maximum at a high gravity factor of 40, a Ti(IV) concentration of 0.50 mmol/L, a pH of 4.0, a H2O2/O3 molar ratio of 0.48, a liquid flow rate of 120 L/h, and an initial nitrobenzene concentration of 1.22 mmol/L. Both direct ozonation and indirect ozonation are involved in the reaction of O3 with organic pollutants. The indirect ozonation due to the addition of different amounts of tert-butanol (·OH scavenger) in the system accounts for 84.31% of the degradation efficiency of nitrobenzene, indicating that the nitrobenzene is dominantly oxidized by ·OH generated in the RPB-Ti(IV)/H2O2/O3 process. Furthermore, the possible oxidative degradation mechanisms are also proposed to better understand the role of RPB in the removal of pollutants. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peizhen Yang
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Higee-Oriented Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, Shanxi, China
| | - Shuai Luo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Youzhi Liu
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Higee-Oriented Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, Shanxi, China
| | - Weizhou Jiao
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Higee-Oriented Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, Shanxi, China.
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17
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Miklos DB, Remy C, Jekel M, Linden KG, Drewes JE, Hübner U. Evaluation of advanced oxidation processes for water and wastewater treatment - A critical review. Water Res 2018; 139:118-131. [PMID: 29631187 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 943] [Impact Index Per Article: 157.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
This study provides an overview of established processes as well as recent progress in emerging technologies for advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). In addition to a discussion of major reaction mechanisms and formation of by-products, data on energy efficiency were collected in an extensive analysis of studies reported in the peer-reviewed literature enabling a critical comparison of various established and emerging AOPs based on electrical energy per order (EEO) values. Despite strong variations within reviewed EEO values, significant differences could be observed between three groups of AOPs: (1) O3 (often considered as AOP-like process), O3/H2O2, O3/UV, UV/H2O2, UV/persulfate, UV/chlorine, and electron beam represent median EEO values of <1 kWh/m3, while median energy consumption by (2) photo-Fenton, plasma, and electrolytic AOPs were significantly higher (EEO values in the range of 1-100 kWh/m3). (3) UV-based photocatalysis, ultrasound, and microwave-based AOPs are characterized by median values of >100 kWh/m3 and were therefore considered as not (yet) energy efficient AOPs. Specific evaluation of 147 data points for the UV/H2O2 process revealed strong effects of operational conditions on reported EEO values. Besides water type and quality, a major influence was observed for process capacity (lab-vs. pilot-vs. full-scale applications) and, in case of UV-based processes, of the lamp type. However, due to the contribution of other factors, correlation of EEO values with specific water quality parameters such as UV absorbance and dissolved organic carbon were not substantial. Also, correlations between EEO and compound reactivity with OH-radicals were not significant (photolytically active compounds were not considered). Based on these findings, recommendations regarding the use of the EEO concept, including the upscaling of laboratory results, were derived.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Miklos
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Am Coulombwall 3, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Christian Remy
- Kompetenzzentrum Wasser Berlin gGmbH, Cicerostrasse 24, D-10709 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Martin Jekel
- Technische Universität Berlin, Chair of Water Quality Control, KF4, Str. des 17. Juni 135, D-10623, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Karl G Linden
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, UCB 607, Boulder, CO 80303, USA.
| | - Jörg E Drewes
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Am Coulombwall 3, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Uwe Hübner
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Am Coulombwall 3, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
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18
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Niwano Y, Tada M, Tsukada M. Antimicrobial Intervention by Photoirradiation of Grape Pomace Extracts via Hydroxyl Radical Generation. Front Physiol 2017; 8:728. [PMID: 28983258 PMCID: PMC5613144 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The annual production of grape worldwide amounts to almost 70 million tons, and around 80% is used for winemaking. The two major wastes from winemaking process, pomace and lees account for 20 and 7% of the grapes, respectively. They have been expected as a valuable resource to be recycled because they are rich in polyphenols. Polyphenols possess prooxidatve activity as well as antioxidative one just like a two sides of a coin. A typical example of the prooxidative activity is antibacterial activity of catechins. The activity is exerted through oxidation of phenolic hydroxyl moiety coulpled with reduction of dissolved oxygen leading to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation. In addition, once the oxidation of phenolic hydroxyl moiety is augmented by photoirradiation, highly reactive hydroxyl radical (·OH) is generated. Accordingly, there have been several reports showing that photoirardiation of polyphenols exerts bactericidal activity via ·OH generation. This review focuses mainly on antimicrobial intervention by photoirradiation of grape pomace extract in relation to ·OH generation analyzed by an electron spin resonance-spin trapping method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimi Niwano
- Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku UniversitySendai, Japan
| | - Mika Tada
- Center for General Education, Tohoku Institute of TechnologySendai, Japan
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19
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Parker AM, Lester Y, Spangler EK, von Gunten U, Linden KG. UV/H 2O 2 advanced oxidation for abatement of organophosphorous pesticides and the effects on various toxicity screening assays. Chemosphere 2017; 182:477-482. [PMID: 28521162 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.04.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are utilized due to their ability to treat emerging contaminants with the fast reacting and non-selective hydroxyl radical (OH). Organophosphorous insecticides are common drinking water contaminants, with 12 different compounds of this class being found on the US EPA's most recent Candidate Contaminant List (CCL4). The use of the AOP UV/H2O2 for the treatment of organophosphorous insecticides was explored in this study, by coupling biological and analytical tools to follow the abatement of the target compounds. Four insecticides were explored for advanced oxidation treatment: acephate, dicrotophos, fenamiphos, and methamidophos. All four compounds were fast reacting with OH, all reacting with second order rate constants ≥5.5 × 109 M-1s-1. Three major endpoints of toxicity were studied: estrogenicity, genotoxicity (mutagenicity) and neurotoxicity. None of the target compounds showed any estrogenic activity, while all compounds showed an active genotoxic (mutagenic) response (AMES II assay) and most compounds had some level of neurotoxic activity. AOP treatment did not induce any estrogenic activity, and reduced the compounds' neurotoxicity and genotoxicity in all but one case. Methamidophos degradation by UV/H2O2 resulted in an increase in genotoxicity, likely due to the formation of toxic transformation products. The increase in toxicity gradually decreased with time, possibly due to hydrolysis of the transformation products formed. This study provides insights into parent compound abatement and the changes in toxicity due to transformation products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austa M Parker
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO 80309, USA
| | - Yaal Lester
- The Water Research Center, Tel Aviv University, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Emily K Spangler
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO 80309, USA
| | - Urs von Gunten
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, P.O. Box 611, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanna (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Karl G Linden
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder CO 80309, USA.
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20
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Lester Y, Aga DS, Love NG, Singh RR, Morrissey I, Linden KG. Integrative Advanced Oxidation and Biofiltration for Treating Pharmaceuticals in Wastewater. Water Environ Res 2016; 88:1985-1993. [PMID: 26754427 DOI: 10.2175/106143016x14504669767454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Advanced oxidation of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in wastewater produces transformation products (TPs) that are often more biodegradable than the parent compounds. Secondary effluent from a wastewater treatment plant was treated using UV-based advanced oxidation (LPUV/H2O2 and MPUV/NO3) followed by biological aerated filtration (BAF), and different APIs and their transformation products were monitored. The advanced oxidation processes degraded the APIs by 55-87% (LPUV/H2O2) and 58-95% (MPUV/NO3), while minor loss of APIs was achieved in the downstream BAF system. Eleven TPs were detected following oxidation of carbamazepine (5) and iopromide (6); three key TPs were biodegraded in the BAF system. The other TPs remained relatively constant in the BAF. The decrease in UV absorbance (UVA254) of the effluent in the BAF system was linearly correlated to the degradation of the APIs (for the MPUV/NO3-BAF), and can be applied to monitor the biotransformation of APIs in biological-based systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaal Lester
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado, UCB 428, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
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21
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Noguera-Oviedo K, Aga DS. Lessons learned from more than two decades of research on emerging contaminants in the environment. J Hazard Mater 2016; 316:242-51. [PMID: 27241399 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In the last twenty years, thousands of research papers covering different aspects of emerging contaminants have been published, ranging from environmental occurrence to treatment and ecological effects. Emerging contaminants are environmental pollutants that have been investigated widely only in the last two decades and include anthropogenic and naturally occurring chemicals such as pharmaceuticals and personal care products and their metabolites, illicit drugs, engineered nanomaterials, and antibiotic resistance genes. The advancement in our knowledge on emerging contaminants has been the result of the appearance of highly sensitive and powerful analytical instrumentation that rapidly developed, allowing identification and trace quantification of unknown contaminants in complex environmental matrices. High efficiency chromatographic separations coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometers have become more common in environmental laboratories and are the pillars of environmental research, increasing our awareness and understanding of the presence of emerging contaminants in the environment, their transformation and fate, and the complex ecological consequences that they pose on exposed biological systems. This introductory paper for the Virtual Thematic Issue on Emerging Contaminants presents a brief literature overview on key research milestones in the area of emerging contaminants, focusing on pharmaceuticals and personal care products and endocrine disrupting compounds, and highlighting selected research papers previously published in the Journal of Hazardous Materials during the period of January 2012 to December 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Noguera-Oviedo
- Chemistry Department, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, United States
| | - Diana S Aga
- Chemistry Department, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, United States.
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22
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Zhang R, Yang Y, Huang CH, Li N, Liu H, Zhao L, Sun P. UV/H2O2 and UV/PDS Treatment of Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole in Synthetic Human Urine: Transformation Products and Toxicity. Environ Sci Technol 2016; 50:2573-2583. [PMID: 26840504 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b05604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Elimination of pharmaceuticals in source-separated human urine is a promising approach to minimize the pharmaceuticals in the environment. Although the degradation kinetics of pharmaceuticals by UV/H2O2 and UV/peroxydisulfate (PDS) processes has been investigated in synthetic fresh and hydrolyzed urine, comprehensive evaluation of the advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), such as product identification and toxicity testing, has not yet been performed. This study identified the transformation products of two commonly used antibiotics, trimethoprim (TMP) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX), by UV/H2O2 and UV/PDS in synthetic urine matrices. The effects of reactive species, including •OH, SO4(•-), CO3(•-), and reactive nitrogen species, on product generation were investigated. Multiple isomeric transformation products of TMP and SMX were observed, especially in the reaction with hydroxyl radical. SO4(•-) and CO3(•-) reacted with pharmaceuticals by electron transfer, thus producing similar major products. The main reactive species deduced on the basis of product generation are in good agreement with kinetic simulation of the advanced oxidation processes. A strain identified as a polyphosphate-accumulating organism was used to investigate the antimicrobial activity of the pharmaceuticals and their products. No antimicrobial property was detected for the transformation products of either TMP or SMX. Acute toxicity employing luminescent bacterium Vibrio qinghaiensis indicated 20-40% higher inhibitory effect of TMP and SMX after treatment. Ecotoxicity was estimated by quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis using ECOSAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruochun Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yongkui Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ching-Hua Huang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Na Li
- Tianjin Institute of Agriculture Quality Standards and Testing Technology , Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Hang Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Peizhe Sun
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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