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Zhang G, Yang B, Shao L, Li F, Leng Y, Chen X. Differences in bioaccumulation of Ni and Zn by microalgae in the presence of fulvic acid. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132838. [PMID: 34762892 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the presence of dissolved organic matter, the mechanism of algal bioaccumulation of different metals is complex, and its significance goes far beyond the alga-metal binary system. In the presence of 10 and 20 mg L-1 fulvic acid (FA), the maximum tolerance concentrations of Chlorella pyrenoidosa to Ni were 0.25 and 0.26 mmol L-1, and to Zn were 0.62 and 0.68 mmol L-1, respectively. Within the maximum tolerance concentration ranges, the bioaccumulation behaviors of Ni and Zn were systematically compared in the presence of FA. The presence of FA shortened the adsorption equilibrium time and decreased the maximum bioaccumulation capacity of Ni and Zn. The bioaccumulation mechanism of Ni by C. pyrenoidosa was more inclined to monolayer adsorption, while the bioaccumulation mechanism of Zn was more inclined to multilayer adsorption. More details were revealed after the bioaccumulated metals were separated into adsorption and internalization states by 0.01 M EDTA elution. The presence of FA decreased more adsorbed Zn than the adsorbed Ni, due to the different competitive roles of FA in the ternary system of Ni and Zn, but the presence of FA increased the internalized Ni might due to the stronger complexation of Ni-FA. This research indicated that algae had unique bioaccumulation mechanisms for different metals in the presence of FA, which is of great significance to accurately evaluate the ecological risk posed by heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoxiang Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310032, Hangzhou, China
| | - Boxuan Yang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310032, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luze Shao
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310032, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feili Li
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310032, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yaling Leng
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310032, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoling Chen
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310032, Hangzhou, China
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2
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Alves PDCC, Rodrigues-Silva C, Ribeiro AR, Rath S. Removal of low-calorie sweeteners at five Brazilian wastewater treatment plants and their occurrence in surface water. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 289:112561. [PMID: 33865021 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The consumption of low-calorie sweeteners (LCSs) such as acesulfame (ACE), sucralose (SUC), saccharin (SAC), cyclamate (CYC), aspartame (ASP), neotame (NEO), and stevioside (STV) is increasing worldwide to meet the demand for reduced-calorie foods and beverages. However, there are no consumption data available in Brazil, as well as their concentration in sewage and removal on wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). In the present study, ACE, SUC, SAC, CYC, ASP, NEO, and STV were assessed at five WWTPs located in the metropolitan region of Campinas (São Paulo State, Brazil), in operation with different treatment processes. Surface water was also analyzed. Analyses were carried out by on-line solid-phase extraction ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The major points are the following: LCS concentrations in the influents ranged from 0.25 to 189 μg L-1 and followed the order CYC > ACE > SAC > SUC. NEO, ASP, and STV were not detected at any sampling site. Sweetener concentrations in the WWTP outputs differed mainly due to the different treatment setups employed. CYC and SAC were completely removed by biodegradation-based processes, while ACE removal was favored by the anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic process. SUC presented the highest concentration in the treated sewage, even at the WWTP operating with ultrafiltration membranes and therefore could be a marker compound for evaluation of the efficiency of removal of contaminants in WWTPs. Risk quotient estimation, using the PNEC and MEC values, indicated that the levels of the LCS reported here were harmless to the biota. The consumption of ACE, CYC, SAC, and SUC was estimated to be 2634 t year-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla da Costa Cunha Alves
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Campinas, P.O. Box 6154, 13084-971, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Caio Rodrigues-Silva
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Campinas, P.O. Box 6154, 13084-971, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Alyson Rogério Ribeiro
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Campinas, P.O. Box 6154, 13084-971, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil.
| | - Susanne Rath
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Campinas, P.O. Box 6154, 13084-971, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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3
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Ciurli A, Di Baccio D, Scartazza A, Grifoni M, Pezzarossa B, Chiellini C, Mariotti L, Pardossi A. Influence of zinc and manganese enrichments on growth, biosorption and photosynthetic efficiency of Chlorella sp. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:8539-8555. [PMID: 33064280 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11033-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Treating biosolids from industrial, urban, and agricultural plants produces high amounts of water. After organic pollutants and non-essential heavy metals have been removed, these wastewaters are still rich in trace elements such as zinc (Zn), copper, or manganese (Mn) and have high conductivity and extremely variable pH. In this study, an isolated Chlorella sp. strain was grown for 21 days in nutrient solutions enriched with known amounts of Zn or Mn to obtain concentrations three (4.0 mg L-1)- and six (1.0 mg L-1)-fold higher than the basal medium levels, respectively, and over the limits permitted in aquatic environments. The green alga exhibited high tolerance to Zn and Mn, with the maximum abatement of Zn (28-30%) and Mn (60-63.5%) after 14 and 7 days of culture, respectively. Mn stimulated the growth rate and biomass production of Chlorella, which showed the highest carbon levels just in the first week. In both treatments, the nitrogen and protein contents remarkably increased. The photosynthetic pigments increased until the 14th day, with a higher extent in the Zn-enriched solution. An increasing photochemical efficiency was observed after 7 days of treatment, when the microalgae grown in Zn- and Mn-enriched solutions showed a slightly higher maximum photochemical efficiency than control. The autotrophic and controlled growth system adopted was designed to monitor the dynamic balance of Zn and Mn contents in the solutions and in the algal biomass. This system has proved to be useful in identifying the optimal nutritional conditions of the microalgae, along with the optimal temporal patterns of both metal biosorption capacity for water remediation and element bioaccumulation in the algal biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Ciurli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, I-56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Daniela Di Baccio
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Research Council, via G. Moruzzi 1, I-56124, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Andrea Scartazza
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Research Council, via G. Moruzzi 1, I-56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Martina Grifoni
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Research Council, via G. Moruzzi 1, I-56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Beatrice Pezzarossa
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Research Council, via G. Moruzzi 1, I-56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Carolina Chiellini
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, I-56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Mariotti
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, I-56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alberto Pardossi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, I-56124, Pisa, Italy
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Liu Y, Hu H, Wang Y, Wang L, Feng Y. Effects of heavy metals released from sediment accelerated by artificial sweeteners and humic acid on a green algae Scenedesmus obliquus. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 729:138960. [PMID: 32387774 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Artificial sweeteners (ASs) are emerging polar organic contaminants, which can chelate with heavy metals in the environment. Recently, the ASs have been widely detected in the aquatic environment. However, little is known about the influence of ASs on the mobility and toxicity of heavy metals associated in sediment. In the present study, the release of heavy metals from a lake sediment and the toxicity to a green algae Scenedesmus obliquus were examined in the presence of two most frequently detected ASs, acesulfame and sucralose, and humic acid (HA), respectively. The existence of 1.00-100 mg/L of acesulfame, sucralose, and HA enhanced the release rates (Rrelease) of Cd, Cu, and Pb from the virgin lake sediment significantly by up to 46.7%, 86.0%, and 79.9%, respectively. Further, the results from microcosm experiments revealed that the existence of 1.00-10.0 mg/L of acesulfame, sucralose, and HA in the water phase prompted the release and toxicity of heavy metals associated with Cd- and Cu-spiked sediment, and the promotion capacity followed the order of HA > acesulfame > sucralose. The inhibitions on cell-specific growth rate (μ) of the algae were found increasing significantly with the elevated levels of acesulfame and HA (p < 0.05). Additionally, photosynthesis of the algae was affected by the co-existence of ASs or HA and heavy metals released from sediments, as indicated by the changes in fluorescence parameters. The present study provides valuable insight into the likelihood of the combined effect of ASs and heavy metals on aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yarui Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Academy of Environment and Ecology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Hongwei Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Nanjing Jiangning Economic and Technological Development Zone Management Committee, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Yu Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yujie Feng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Academy of Environment and Ecology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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5
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Li D, Yao Y, Sun H, Wang Y, Pu J, Calderón R, Alder AC, Kannan K. Artificial Sweeteners in Pig Feed: A Worldwide Survey and Case Study in Pig Farms in Tianjin, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:4059-4067. [PMID: 32122124 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b06853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Some artificial sweeteners (ASs) are used in pig feeds, although little is known on this regard. An investigation was conducted by determining seven common ASs in pig feed, manure, wastewater, compost, and soil from 16 pig farms in Tianjin, China. Saccharin (SAC) was predominant in feed (1.41-326 mg/kg) and manure samples (1.06-401 mg/kg). The annual mass loads of ASs in pig feeds were estimated at 5.69-119, 4.92-149, and 1.29-35 kg per 103 piglets, hogs, and sows, respectively. The annual emission of ASs via biowaste (i.e., manure) was estimated at 3.58-85.2, 0.04-26.2, and 0.08-9.97 kg per 103 capita for the three dominant ASs, i.e., SAC, neotame (NEO), and cyclamate (CYC). On a global scale, SAC was also widely detected at concentrations of 0.01-326 mg/kg in pig feed from China, Switzerland, Japan, Chile, and the United States, suggesting the worldwide use of ASs in pig feed. NEO and CYC were found in 41% and 30% of the feed samples, respectively, at concentrations of 0.05-70 mg/kg, whereas other ASs were barely found with rather lower concentrations. The annual mass loads of ASs consumed via pig feed consumption were estimated at 2400 tons worldwide. Thus, pig farming is an important source of ASs to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yiming Yao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Hongwen Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yu Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jian Pu
- Faculty of Information Networking for Innovation and Design, Tokyo University, Tokyo 115-0053, Japan
- Institute for Future Initiatives, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Raul Calderón
- Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Fabrica 1990, Segundo Piso, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alfredo C Alder
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, and Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, New York 12201, United States
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6
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Xu Y, Li K, Liu Y, Liu Z, Wang L, Pu J, Xu Z, Sun H. Combined effects of artificial sweetener acesulfame on the uptake of Cd in rice (Oryza sativa L.). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 252:171-179. [PMID: 31146232 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.05.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Organic pollutants are widely detected in surface water, groundwater and irrigation sewage in farmland soil, some of which can form complexes with heavy metal ions as ligands in the environment. Acesulfame (ACE), one of the most popular artificial sweeteners, has been found in wastewater sometimes at tens of microgram per liter. However, the combined effects of heavy metals and ACE are still unclear. In the present study, the effects of ACE on cadmium (Cd) absorption and translocation in rice seedlings (Oryza sativa L.) under different exposure conditions were investigated using hydroponic experiments. Under the combined exposure treatments of ACE and Cd, absorption of Cd and ACE in rice significantly decreased when compared with the single exposure treatments, while the alleviation of oxidative damage in rice was also found. Under the sequential exposure treatments of Cd and ACE, the post-exposed ACE activated the pre-absorbed Cd in plant, and accelerated the release of Cd to the environment as well as its translocation from the roots to shoots. In addition, compared with the single Cd exposure, the accumulated ACE can alleviate the oxidative damage in rice shoots induced by Cd, although the Cd concentrations in shoots changed little. In summary, the combined pollution of artificial sweetener ACE was beneficial to relieve the toxicological damage and ecological risk caused by Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Xu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Technology for Complex Trans-Media Pollution, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Ke Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Technology for Complex Trans-Media Pollution, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yubin Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Technology for Complex Trans-Media Pollution, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Technology for Complex Trans-Media Pollution, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Technology for Complex Trans-Media Pollution, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Jian Pu
- Faculty of Information Networking for Innovation and Design, Toyo University, Tokyo, 115-0053, Japan
| | - Zhen Xu
- Tianjin Agricultural Environmental Protection Management Monitoring Station, Tianjin, 300061, China
| | - Hongwen Sun
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Technology for Complex Trans-Media Pollution, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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7
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He Y, Hong Y, Liu X, Zhang Q, Liu P, Wang S. Influences of carbon and nitrogen sources and metal ions on the heterotrophic culture of Scenedesmus sp. LX1. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:13381-13389. [PMID: 30905019 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04807-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the influences of organic carbon sources (OCS, including xylose, glucose, maltose, sucrose, and starch) and inorganic and organic nitrogen sources (INS, including ammonia chloride and sodium nitrate; ONS, including arginine, alanine, proline, and valine) and metal ions (including Na+, K+, Mn2+, Zn2+ and Cu2+) on the growth, lipid accumulation, and nitrogen and phosphorus (N&P) removal capabilities of oleaginous Scenedesmus sp. LX1 under heterotrophic conditions were investigated. The results showed that glucose was the only OCS for Scenedesmus sp. LX1 to grow well with specific growth rate of 0.935 days-1, maximum biomass of 1.72 g L-1, and largest removal rates of N&P and organic carbon reaching 72.228%, 93.034%, and 19.208%, respectively. After 11 days of cultivation, the maximal biomass reached in the group with starch or glucose while maximal lipid and triacylglycerol (TAG) yields reached in the groups with maltose and sucrose, respectively. Sodium nitrate was best nitrogen source as the largest algal density, maximal yields of lipids and TAGs, and highest N&P removal rates reached up to 1.105 × 107 cells·mL-1, 196.70 mg L-1, 5.19 mg L-1, 89.61% and 100%, respectively. Scenedesmus sp. LX1 was found to have great tolerance to Na+, K+, Mn2+, and Zn2+ while 0.5 mg L-1 Cu2+ had a strong inhibition on growth and N&P removal rate of Scenedesmus sp. LX1. Concentration increasing of five metal ions all caused the yield increases of microalgal lipid and TAGs. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitian He
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yu Hong
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Xiaoya Liu
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Peirui Liu
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Shaoyun Wang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
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8
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The promotion and inhibition of chromium and kinetic analysis on the growth of Platymonas Helgolandica. JOURNAL OF COMPLEXITY IN HEALTH SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.21595/chs.2018.20010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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9
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Li S, Ren Y, Fu Y, Gao X, Jiang C, Wu G, Ren H, Geng J. Fate of artificial sweeteners through wastewater treatment plants and water treatment processes. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0189867. [PMID: 29293534 PMCID: PMC5749728 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Five full-scale wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in China using typical biodegradation processes (SBR, oxidation ditch, A2/O) were selected to assess the removal of four popular artificial sweeteners (ASs). All four ASs (acesulfame (ACE), sucralose (SUC), cyclamate (CYC) and saccharin (SAC)) were detected, ranging from 0.43 to 27.34μg/L in the influent. Higher concentrations of ASs were measured in winter. ACE could be partly removed by 7.11–50.76% through biodegradation and especially through the denitrifying process. The A2/O process was the most efficient at biodegrading ASs. Adsorption (by granular activated carbon (GAC) and magnetic resin) and ultraviolet radiation-based advanced oxidation processes (UV/AOPs) were evaluated to remove ASs in laboratory-scale tests. The amounts of resin adsorbed were 3.33–18.51 times more than those of GAC except for SUC. The adsorption ability of resin decreased in the order of SAC > ACE > CYC > SUC in accordance with the pKa. Degradation of ASs followed pseudo-first-order kinetics in UV/H2O2 and UV/PDS. When applied to the secondary effluent, ASs could be degraded from 30.87 to 99.93% using UV/PDS in 30 minutes and UV/PDS was more efficient and economic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoli Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, PR of China
| | - Yuhang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, PR of China
| | - Yingying Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, PR of China
| | - Xingsheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, PR of China
| | - Cong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, PR of China
| | - Gang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, PR of China
| | - Hongqiang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, PR of China
| | - Jinju Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, PR of China
- * E-mail:
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10
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Hu R, Zhang L, Hu J. Investigation of ozonation kinetics and transformation products of sucralose. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 603-604:8-17. [PMID: 28614740 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Revised: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Sucralose is one of widely used artificial sweeteners, which has been ubiquitously detected in various water sources, such as wastewater and randomly in reservoir water. It is also reported to be persistent to various water treatment techniques. Although there are some studies on removal of sucralose by advanced oxidation process, limited information, in terms of reaction kinetics, transformation products and degradation pathway etc., was reported in its ozonation process. In this study, the reaction kinetics, removal efficiency, influence of pH, humic acid and carbonate on sucralose degradation by ozone, have been studied systematically. The results demonstrated that ozonation of sucralose was initiated by the formation of OH radical. Sucralose could be completely removed with excess O3 at neutral and basic conditions in ultrapure water. The rate of degradation decreased significantly in acidic condition and in the presence of carbonate and OH radical scavenger (e.g. tert-butanol). The acidity was the key factor affecting the degradation of sucralose. The rate constant was about 500 times higher at pH7 than that at pH4. Transformation products study indicated that the ozonation of sucralose were more complex than that in photolysis reaction. Although ozonation of sucralose was initiated by OH radical, both OH radical and O3 might be involved in the formation of transformation products and total organic carbon (TOC) removal. Various transformation products, such as aldehydes, carboxylic acids and probable chloride containing products, were identified and characterized in details. An ozonation degradation pathway of sucralose was proposed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruikang Hu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The National University of Singapore, Block E1A, #07-03, No.1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Republic of Singapore; PUB Water Quality Laboratory, Water Quality Office, PUB, 82 Toh Guan Road East, #04-03, 608576, Republic of Singapore
| | - Lifeng Zhang
- PUB Water Quality Laboratory, Water Quality Office, PUB, 82 Toh Guan Road East, #04-03, 608576, Republic of Singapore
| | - Jiangyong Hu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The National University of Singapore, Block E1A, #07-03, No.1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Republic of Singapore.
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11
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Wang X, Yu H, Xing R, Li P. Characterization, Preparation, and Purification of Marine Bioactive Peptides. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:9746720. [PMID: 28761878 PMCID: PMC5518491 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9746720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Marine bioactive peptides, as a source of unique bioactive compounds, are the focus of current research. They exert various biological roles, some of the most crucial of which are antioxidant activity, antimicrobial activity, anticancer activity, antihypertensive activity, anti-inflammatory activity, and so forth, and specific characteristics of the bioactivities are described. This review also describes various manufacturing techniques for marine bioactive peptides using organic synthesis, microwave assisted extraction, chemical hydrolysis, and enzymes hydrolysis. Finally, purification of marine bioactive peptides is described, including gel or size exclusion chromatography, ion-exchange column chromatography, and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, which are aimed at finding a fast, simple, and effective method to obtain the target peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Wang
- Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Huahua Yu
- Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ronge Xing
- Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Pengcheng Li
- Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
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Chaves TVS, Islam MT, de Moraes MO, de Alencar MVOB, Gomes DCV, de Carvalho RM, Maluf SW, de Moura do Amaral FP, Paz MFCJ, Cerqueira GS, Rolim HML, de Castro E Sousa JM, de Carvalho Melo-Cavalcante AA, de Moraes MEA. Occupational and life-style factors-acquired mutagenicity in agric-workers of northeastern Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:15454-15461. [PMID: 28510803 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9150-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are a complex mixture of chemicals used to protect crops from a number of pests and diseases. They have been considered as potential mutagenic agents. This study aims at evaluation of the mutagenic effect of pesticide exposure to agricultural workers through chromosomal aberrations (CA) and micronucleus (MN) assay in peripheral blood lymphocytes and oral mucosal cells, respectively. The exposed group was consisted with 97 farmers, while the control (un-exposed) group consisted of 55. The results showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in frequency of CA and MN in the exposed group. Both CA and MN profiles were linked to a significant (p < 0.05) co-relation with the confounding factors such as smoking habits, alcohol, vegetables, tea/coffee, vitamins, and sweetener consumptions. More cytogenetic events were denoted in smoking and alcohol consumption as well as non-personal protective equipment (non-PPE) and low/no vegetables user farmers. In conclusion, a deficiency of dietary and medicaments-derived antioxidants, while consumption of alcohol and tobacco, as well as effects of radiation, heavy metal poisoning (especially from sweeteners), and non-PPE using habits, may contribute cytogenetic damage to the workers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil.
- Department of Pharmacy, Southern University Bangladesh, Mehedigbag, Chittagong, 4000, Bangladesh.
| | | | | | | | | | - Sharbel Weider Maluf
- Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gilberto Santos Cerqueira
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil
| | | | - João Marcelo de Castro E Sousa
- Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Picos, PI, 64.600-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Amélia de Carvalho Melo-Cavalcante
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil
- Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil
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Amy-Sagers C, Reinhardt K, Larson DM. Ecotoxicological assessments show sucralose and fluoxetine affect the aquatic plant, Lemna minor. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 185:76-85. [PMID: 28192727 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCP) are prevalent in aquatic systems, yet the fate and impacts on aquatic plants needs quantification for many compounds. We measured and detected sucralose (an artificial sweetener), fluoxetine (an antidepressant), and other PPCP in the Portneuf River in Idaho, USA, where Lemna minor (an aquatic plant in the environment and used in ecotoxicology studies) naturally occurs. Sucralose was hypothesized to negatively affect photosynthesis and growth of L. minor because sucralose is a chlorinated molecule that may be toxic or unusable for plant metabolism. A priori hypotheses were not created for fluoxetine due to lack of previous studies examining its impacts on plants. We conducted laboratory ecotoxicological assessments for a large range of concentrations of sucralose and fluoxetine on L. minor physiology and photosynthetic function. Frond green leaf area, root length, growth rate, photosynthetic capacity, and plant carbon isotopic composition (discrimination relative to a standard; δ13C) were measured among treatments ranging from 0 to 15000nmol/L-sucralose and 0-323nmol/L-fluoxetine. Contrary to our predictions, sucralose significantly increased green leaf area, photosynthetic capacity, and δ 13C of L. minor at environmentally relevant concentrations. The increase of δ 13C from sucralose amendments and an isotope-mixing model indicated substantial sucralose uptake and assimilation within the plant. Unlike humans who cannot break down and utilize sucralose, we documented that L. minor-a mixotrophic plant-can use sucralose as a sugar substitute to increase its green leaf area and photosynthetic capacity. Fluoxetine significantly decreased L. minor root growth, daily growth rate, and asexual reproduction at 323nmol/L-fluoxetine; however, ambiguity remains regarding the mechanisms responsible and the applicability of these extreme concentrations unprecedented in the natural environment. To our knowledge, this was the first study to show aquatic plants can uptake and metabolize sucralose as a carbon source. This study further supports the common notion that L. minor can be useful in bioremediation of PPCP from wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherisse Amy-Sagers
- Department of Biological Sciences, Idaho State University, MS 8007, Pocatello, ID 83209, United States
| | - Keith Reinhardt
- Department of Biological Sciences, Idaho State University, MS 8007, Pocatello, ID 83209, United States
| | - Danelle M Larson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Idaho State University, MS 8007, Pocatello, ID 83209, United States.
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Deng XY, Cheng J, Hu XL, Wang L, Li D, Gao K. Biological effects of TiO 2 and CeO 2 nanoparticles on the growth, photosynthetic activity, and cellular components of a marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 575:87-96. [PMID: 27728848 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
It is very important to have a good understanding of the biological effects of nanoparticles (NPs) on marine diatoms. In this study, the physiological and biochemical responses of a marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum to titanium dioxide NPs (nano-TiO2) and cerium oxide NPs (nano-CeO2) were compared and evaluated using 96h growth tests in a batch-culture system. At 96h of exposure, the growth inhibition rate (IR, %) of P. tricornutum increased from 5.46 to 27.31% with increasing nano-TiO2 concentrations from 2.5 to 40mgL-1. The maximum IR of 49.59% occurred in 40mgL-1 nano-TiO2 treatments at 48h of exposure. Growth of the diatom was increased in low nano-CeO2 treatments (≤5mgL-1), but was inhibited in high nano-CeO2 treatments (≥10mgL-1). Large aggregates of NPs were attached to the cells of P. tricornutum in 20 and 40mgL-1 nano-TiO2 and nano-CeO2 treatments. In addition, the effective quantum yields (ΦPSII) of P. tricornutum in 40mgL-1 nano-TiO2 and nano-CeO2 treatments were 83.33 and 71.13% of that in the controls at 96h of exposure, respectively. Compared with that of the controls at 96h of exposure, chlorophyll a content, soluble sugar content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, SOD and POD activities of P. tricornutum in 40mgL-1 nano-TiO2 and nano-CeO2 treatments increased by 57.56, 142.97, 373.25, 698.76, 204.85% and 21.43, 89.41, 194.97, 340.05, 502.86%, while soluble protein content decreased by 70.38 and 28.64%, respectively. These findings will be helpful to understand the effect mechanisms of NPs on marine organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Yuan Deng
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China.
| | - Jie Cheng
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China
| | - Xiao-Li Hu
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China
| | - Ling Wang
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China
| | - Da Li
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China
| | - Kun Gao
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China
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