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Sun J, Wang G, Liu H, Zhang Y, Sun H, Dai X. Influence of thermally activated peroxodisulfate pretreatment on gaseous emission, dissolved organic matter and maturity evolution during spiramycin fermentation residue composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 363:127964. [PMID: 36113819 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic composting combined with appropriate pretreatment is promising to achieve the utilization of antibiotics fermentation residues (AFRs). This research studied the effect of thermally activated peroxodisulfate (TAP) pretreatment on greenhouse gas (GHGs) emission, dissolved organic matter (DOM) and maturity evaluation during spiramycin fermentation residue (SFR) composting. Three treatments were conducted from co-composting of SFR and wheat straw, while 90% and 99.9% residual spirmycin removal pretreatment SFR by TAP were provided and compared with raw SFR. The cumulative CO2 and NH3 emissions increased by 17.2% and 30.8% after TAP pretreatment removed 99.9% residual spiramycin in SFR, while the cumulative CH4 and N2O emission decreased by 34.0% and 5.27%, respectively. The DOM, humic acid (HA)/fulvic acid (FA) and NH4+/NO3- analysis confirmed that the composting maturity was improved with the increasing of HA and NO3- content by TAP pretreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhi Sun
- School of Life Science and Technology, Micro- and Nanotechnology Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Gang Wang
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Huiling Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Yanxiang Zhang
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Hongwei Sun
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Xiaohu Dai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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Huang D, Gao L, Cheng M, Yan M, Zhang G, Chen S, Du L, Wang G, Li R, Tao J, Zhou W, Yin L. Carbon and N conservation during composting: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 840:156355. [PMID: 35654189 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Composting, as a conventional solid waste treatment method, plays an essential role in carbon and nitrogen conservation, thereby reducing the loss of nutrients and energy. However, some carbon- and nitrogen-containing gases are inevitably released during the process of composting due to the different operating conditions, resulting in carbon and nitrogen losses. To overcome this obstacle, many researchers have been trying to optimize the adjustment parameters and add some amendments (i.e., pHysical amendments, chemical amendments and microbial amendments) to reduce the losses and enhance carbon and nitrogen conservation. However, investigation regarding mechanisms for the conservation of carbon and nitrogen are limited. Therefore, this review summarizes the studies on physical amendments, chemical amendments and microbial amendments and proposes underlying mechanisms for the enhancement of carbon and nitrogen conservation: adsorption or conversion, and also evaluates their contribution to the mitigation of the greenhouse effect, providing a theoretical basis for subsequent composting-related researchers to better improve carbon and nitrogen conservation measures. This paper also suggests that: assessing the contribution of composting as a process to global greenhouse gas mitigation requires a complete life cycle evaluation of composting. The current lack of compost clinker impact on carbon and nitrogen sequestration capacity of the application site needs to be explored by more research workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danlian Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Lan Gao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Min Cheng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Ming Yan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Gaoxia Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Sha Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Li Du
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Guangfu Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Ruijin Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Jiaxi Tao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Wei Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Lingshi Yin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
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3
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Alamin M, Bari QH. Extent of degradation in three stage co-composting of fecal sludge and solid waste. JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION (1995) 2022; 72:914-924. [PMID: 35404770 DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2022.2064936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Co-composting of fecal sludge (FS) and solid waste (SW) allows recycling of essential nutrients into agriculture thereby closing the nutrient circle. In this study, temperature variation, the mass balance of forced and passive aeration in the composting process, and the extent of degradation with different stages were investigated. The extent of degradation was determined through the different composting process in the first, second, and third stages with different mix proportion of fecal sludge. Four sets of the initial waste mixture were prepared using SW and FS. SW and FS were mixed at four different ratios for four sets namely 90:10, 85:15, 80:20, and 75:25 (SW:FS). Forced aeration and passive aeration composting tests were done using a series of reactors according to a planned experimental program. The results show that (i) the mean maximum temperature of the first and second stage were 65°C and 56°C of passive, 67°C and 60°C of forced aeration, respectively which raised within seven days. (ii) According to the mass balance, total mass, moisture content, and volatile solids always decreased at every stage for passive and forced aeration processes, the degradation of the volatile solid in the composting process using forced aeration was more than in the passive aeration process. (iii) For the passive and forced aeration processes, the total BVS degradation of ranged between 82% and 89%, and 73% and 91%, respectively after 60 days. Therefore, it can be concluded that the percentage of BVS degradation in forced and passive aeration was not significantly different.Implications: The extent of degradation was determined through different composting processes in the three stages with different mixture proportion of fecal sludge and organic solid waste. The study showed that maximum temperature in composting ranged from 57°C to 67°C within one week. Co-composting process with passively and forced aeration process of peak temperature were almost same. Reduction of volatile solids at first stage was greater than second and third stages. Biodegradable volatile solids reduction in passive and forced aeration processes were not significantly different. The final product of composting was used in agricultural land.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Alamin
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Quazi Hamidul Bari
- Department of Civil Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET), Khulna, Bangladesh
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Wang N, Awasthi MK, Pan J, Jiang S, Wan F, Lin X, Yan B, Zhang J, Zhang L, Huang H, Li H. Effects of biochar and biogas residue amendments on N 2O emission, enzyme activities and functional genes related with nitrification and denitrification during rice straw composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 357:127359. [PMID: 35618192 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study was carried out to determine the response characteristics of N2O emission, enzyme activities, and functional gene abundances involved in nitrification/denitirification process with biochar and biogas residue amendments during rice straw composting. The results revealed that N2O release mainly occurred during the second fermentation phase. Biogas residue amendment promoted N2O emission, while biochar addition decreased its emission by 33.6%. The nirK gene was abundant through composting process. Biogas residues increased the abundance of denitrification genes, resulting in further release of N2O. Biochar enhanced nosZ gene abundance and accelerated the reduction of N2O. Nitrate reductase (NR), nitrite reductase (NiR), N2O reductase (N2OR), and ammonia monooxygenase (AMO) activities were greatly stimulated by biochar or biogas residue rather than their combined addition. Pearson regression analysis indicated that N2O emission negatively correlated with ammonium and positively correlated with nosZ, nirK, 18S rDNA, total nitrogen, and nitrate (P < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanyi Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Junting Pan
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shilin Jiang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410029, China
| | - Fachun Wan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xu Lin
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Binghua Yan
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jiachao Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Lihua Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Hongli Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410029, China
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5
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Kong Y, Ma R, Li G, Wang G, Liu Y, Yuan J. Impact of biochar, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and spent mushroom substrate on humification and heavy metal passivation during composting. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 824:153755. [PMID: 35151730 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The effects of exogenous additives (biochar, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, and spent mushroom substrate) on humification process and heavy metal passivation during pig manure composting were investigated. The aerobic composting trial were carried out in 60 L reactors for 49 d. The calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, biochar, and spent mushroom substrate amendment treatments all accelerated the organic matter degradation and increased the temperature, decreased the volatile fatty acid content by 45%-49.0% and promoted humification of the compost (increasing the humic acid content and humus index). The biochar passivated Cu best, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer passivated Zn best (passivation rate 13.85%), and spent mushroom substrate passivated Cd, Cr, and Pb best (passivation rates 25.47%-47.91%). The additives amendment improved Cu, Zn, Cd, Cr, and Pb passivation performance by promoting composting humification process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Kong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruonan Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guoxue Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guoying Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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6
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Alemayehu YA, Asfaw SL, Terfie TA. Hydrolyzed urine for enhanced valorization and toxicant degradation of wet coffee processing wastes: Implications for soil contamination and health risk reductions. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 307:114536. [PMID: 35066201 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Coffee pulp (CP) and wastewater, from wet coffee processing plants, pollute water and soil ecosystems unless a greener management system is employed. The aim was to evaluate the effect of hydrolyzed human urine (HU) on the dynamics of total phenol, caffeine, and heavy metals during CP and coffee processing wastewater (CPWW) co-composting. The associated health risks reduction after application for cabbage production was also estimated. For the purpose, five treatments were prepared as C0 (CP, control), C1 (CP + CPWW), C2 (CP + 1:1 CPWW:HU), C3 (CP + 1:2 CPWW:HU) and C4 (CP + 1:3 CPWW:HU). The optimum compost was applied for cabbage cultivation in comparison with mineral fertilizer and without fertilization in a greenhouse. The total phenol reduction was in the order of C1 (77.71%) < C0 (78.66%) < C4 (79.89%) < C3 (91.20%) < C2 (91.48%), and maximum significant reduction of caffeine was also observed in C3 (81.34%) and C2 (82.66%). Pb and Cd were significantly reduced in C2, and Cr in C3 with a reduction of 4.38-15.13%, 12.50-33.00%, and 2.94-19.57%, respectively. The bio-concentration factor decreased in the order of Cd > Cr > Ni > Pb with concentrations, hazard quotient, hazard index (along with phenol) < 1, and cancer risk values below 1.00E-04, indicating very little risk. Thus, supplementing HU enhanced degradation of the anti-nutrient factors, and provide compost that enrich soil nutrients with little health risks of application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitayal Addis Alemayehu
- Department of Environmental Management, Kotebe Metropolitan University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Seyoum Leta Asfaw
- Center for Environmental Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Alemu Terfie
- Center for Environmental Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Zhang X, Ma D, Lv J, Feng Q, Liang Z, Chen H, Feng J. Food waste composting based on patented compost bins: Carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide emissions and the denitrifying community analysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 346:126643. [PMID: 34974104 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mature compost and rice bran were used as bulking agents to perform Food Waste Rapid Composting (FWRC) in a patented composting bin. The characteristics of CO2 and N2O emission and the denitrifying community were investigated. The release of CO2 and N2O concentrated in the early composting stage and reduced greatly after 28 h, and the N2O emission peak of the treatment with mature compost was 8.5 times higher than that of rice bran. The high N2O generation resulted from massive denitrifying bacteria and NOx--N in the composting material. The relative abundances of denitrifiers, correspondingly genes of narG and nirK were much higher in the treatment with mature compost, which contributed to the N2O emission. Moreover, the correlation matrices revealed that N2O fluxes correlated well with moisture, pH, temperature, and the abundances of nirK and nosZ genes during FWRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhang
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Dachao Ma
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jiahao Lv
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Qingge Feng
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zhengwu Liang
- Guangxi Liyuanbao Science and Technology Co., LTD, Nanning 530000, China
| | - Hongcheng Chen
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jinghang Feng
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
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Ma S, Xiong J, Wu X, Liu H, Han L, Huang G. Effects of the functional membrane covering on the gas emissions and bacterial community during aerobic composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 340:125660. [PMID: 34330007 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The effects of the functional membrane covering on the gas emissions and bacterial community during dairy cow manure aerobic composting were investigated. A lab-scale aerobic composting experiment was conducted with the control group (CK), Gore group (Gore), and ZT group (ZT), namely, without and with two functional membranes. Covering the functional membrane retained heat and improved the seed germination index in Gore and ZT groups. Compared with the CK group, the Gore membrane decreased NH3 and N2O emissions by 11.77% and 26.40%, respectively. The ZT membrane decreased N2O and CO2 emissions by 68.44% and 1.56%, respectively. The Gore and ZT membranes decreased the global warming potential by 16.97% and 53.41%, respectively. Moreover, Covering the two functional membranes improved the Actinobacteria relative abundance and were conducive to the degradation of volatile solid. Altogether, membrane-covered aerobic composting is an important technology for the resource utilization of organic waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Ma
- Engineering Laboratory for AgroBiomass Recycling & Valorizing, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jinpeng Xiong
- Engineering Laboratory for AgroBiomass Recycling & Valorizing, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaoyi Wu
- School of Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hongtao Liu
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Lujia Han
- Engineering Laboratory for AgroBiomass Recycling & Valorizing, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Guangqun Huang
- Engineering Laboratory for AgroBiomass Recycling & Valorizing, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
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Meng L, Li W, Zhao Y, Chen L, Zhang S, Zhang X. Insights into influences of sucrose amendment on nitrification and denitrification in sewage sludge composting. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 276:130245. [PMID: 34088102 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sucrose amendment could promote ammonia assimilation and reduce nitrogen loss in sewage sludge (SS) composting, but the effects of sucrose amendment on nitrification and denitrification are still unknown that were firstly researched in present paper. Result showed that sucrose amendment reduced 33.0% of N2O emission by changing the physicochemical indexes, nitrogen forms, related bacteria and functional genes. In the sucrose treatment, the higher nitrifying bacteria community, amoA and nxrA genes abundance were, the lower hao, narG、nirS、nirK and norB genes abundance were. Based on the correlation analysis, the number of nitrifying bacteria was significantly positively correlated with NO3- and nxrA abundance, indicating that sucrose amendment promoted the growth of nitrifying bacteria, the contents of NO3- and the activity of nitrite oxidation. Moreover, contents of NO2- were positively correlated with N2O emission, narG, nirS and norB abundance, indicating that denitrification was the main path of N2O generated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiang Meng
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, 150010, Harbin, China; Institute of Advanced Technology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, 150020, Harbin, China
| | - Weiguang Li
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150090, Harbin, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Enviroment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150090, Harbin, China.
| | - Yi Zhao
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150090, Harbin, China
| | - Li Chen
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150090, Harbin, China
| | - Shumei Zhang
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, 150010, Harbin, China; Institute of Advanced Technology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, 150020, Harbin, China
| | - Xiancheng Zhang
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, 150010, Harbin, China
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10
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Zheng G, Yu B, Wang Y, Ma C, Chen T. Fate and biodegradation characteristics of triclocarban in wastewater treatment plants and sewage sludge composting processes and risk assessment after entering the ecological environment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 412:125270. [PMID: 33548774 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Triclocarban (TCC) has a high detection frequency in soil, rivers, sediments, and organisms, and its ecological risks have attracted substantial attention. In this study, we analyzed the fate of TCC in four wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Zhengzhou, China, the biodegradation characteristics during the composting process, and the ecological risks of TCC when entering different environmental compartments. The concentration of TCC in the influent was 731.1-812.4 ng/L. More than 53.4% of TCC was biodegraded during the wastewater treatment process, and less than 2.5% was retained in the effluent. TCC was effectively removed through microbial degradation and sewage sludge absorption, and there were only minor differences in the different wastewater treatment processes. It is worth noting that more than 38% of TCC was enriched in sewage sludge (1430.1-1663.8 ng/g). The corresponding biodegradation rates of TCC were 65.7% and 82.8% in sewage sludge after 17 days of composting treatment with sawdust and straw as bulking agents, respectively. The estimated results showed that effluent discharge into the city rivers was safe. Composting could effectively degrade TCC and decrease the ecological risk of TCC when applied to sewage sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodi Zheng
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Bao Yu
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuewei Wang
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chuang Ma
- Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Tongbin Chen
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Wu J, Shangguan H, Fu T, Chen J, Tang J, Zeng RJ, Ye W, Zhou S. Alternating magnetic field mitigates N 2O emission during the aerobic composting of chicken manure. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 406:124329. [PMID: 33158658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nitrous oxide (N2O) emission is an environmental problem related to composting. Recently, the electric field-assisted aerobic composting process has been found to be effective for enhancing compost maturity and mitigating N2O emission. However, the insertion of electrodes into the compost pile causes electrode erosion and inconvenience in practical operation. In this study, a novel alternating magnetic field-assisted aerobic composting (AMFAC) process was tested by applying an alternating magnetic field (AMF) to a conventional aerobic composting (CAC) process. The total N2O emission of the AMFAC process was reduced by 39.8% as compared with that of the CAC process. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that the AMF weakened the expressions of the amoA, narG, and nirS functional genes (the maximum reductions were 96%, 83.7%, and 95.5%, respectively), whereas it enhanced the expression of the nosZ functional gene by a maximum factor of 36.5 as compared with that in CAC. A correlation analysis revealed that the nitrification and denitrification processes for N2O emission were suppressed in AMFAC, the main source of N2O emission of which was denitrification. The findings imply that AMFAC is an effective strategy for the reduction of N2O emission during aerobic composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxiong Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Huayuan Shangguan
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Tao Fu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jinjie Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jiahuan Tang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Raymond Jianxiong Zeng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Wenyuan Ye
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shungui Zhou
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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12
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Lei L, Gu J, Wang X, Song Z, Yu J, Wang J, Dai X, Zhao W. Effects of phosphogypsum and medical stone on nitrogen transformation, nitrogen functional genes, and bacterial community during aerobic composting. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 753:141746. [PMID: 33207482 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study explored the effects of adding phosphogypsum (PPG), medical stone (MS), and both (PPM) during composting on nitrogen transformation, nitrogen functional genes, the bacterial community, and their relationships with NH3 and N2O emissions. Adding MS and PPM reduced NH3 emissions by 25.78-68.37% and N2O emissions by 19.00-42.86%. PPG reduced NH3 emissions by 59.74% but slightly increased N2O emissions by 8.15%. MS was strongly correlated with the amoA-dominated nitrification process. PPG and PPM had strong correlations with nirS- and nirK-dominated, and nosZ-dominated denitrification processes, respectively. PPM promoted nitrification and denitrification processes more than PPG and MS. Different functional bacteria had key roles in nitrification and denitrification during different composting stages. Firmicutes probably contributed to the conversion and release of nitrogen in the thermophilic period, whereas Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Bacteroidetes, and other phyla might have played important roles in the cooling and maturation periods. PPM obtained the greatest reductions in NH3 and N2O release via the regulation of environmental variables, nitrogen functional genes, and the bacterial community. Overall, these results provide insights at a molecular level into the effects of PPG and MS on nitrogen transformation and NH3 and N2O emissions during composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liusheng Lei
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jie Gu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Research Center of Recycle Agricultural Engineering and Technology of Shaanxi Province, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zilin Song
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jing Yu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jia Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiaoxia Dai
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Wenya Zhao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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13
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Improving sewage sludge compost process and quality by carbon sources addition. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1319. [PMID: 33446686 PMCID: PMC7809052 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79443-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In present study, the effects of carbon sources on compost process and quality were evaluated in the lab-scale sewage sludge (SS) composting. The composting experiments were performed for 32 days in 5 L reactors. The results showed that carbon sources could change the nitrogen conversion and improve the compost quality. Especially, the readily degradable carbon source could promote organic matter degradation, improve nitrogen conversion process and accelerate compost maturation. The addition of glucose and sucrose could increase dissolved organic carbon, CO2 emission, dehydrogenase activity, nitrification and germination index during the SS composting. That's because glucose and sucrose could be quickly used by microbes as energy and carbon source substance to increase activity of microbes and ammonia assimilation. What's more, the NH3 emission was reduced by 26.9% and 32.1% in glucose and sucrose treatments, respectively. Therefore, the addition of readily degradable carbon source could reduce NH3 emission and improve compost maturity in the SS composting.
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14
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Qin R, Su C, Mo T, Liao L, Zhu F, Chen Y, Chen M. Effect of excess sludge and food waste feeding ratio on the nutrient fractions, and bacterial and fungal community during aerobic co-composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 320:124339. [PMID: 33161314 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The effect of excess sludge and food waste feeding ratio on the co-composting process was explored using 5% bagasse biochar as an additive and conditioner. Results showed that when the mass ratio was 1:1, nitrogen fixation ability was the strongest and ammonia nitrogen increment in the pile reached 2.31 mg/g. The increase in excess sludge content/food waste ratio during composting was conducive to the accumulation of H2O-P, BD-P, HCl-P, NaOH-P and NaOH85-P. When the ratio of excess sludge to food waste mass was 1:1, the relative abundance of Firmicutes was the largest in the compost, which corresponded to 72.77% at the phylum level. Food waste mass was more beneficial to the growth and reproduction of microorganisms and to the metabolic activities related to membrane transport. Considering the fungal content, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were maximum, with relative abundance of 69.53% and 20.91%, respectively, at the mass ratio of 1:1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronghua Qin
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China
| | - Chengyuan Su
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China; University Key Laboratory of Karst Ecology and Environmental Change of Guangxi Province (Guangxi Normal University), 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China.
| | - Tianhao Mo
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China
| | - Liming Liao
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China
| | - Fenghua Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China
| | - Yu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China
| | - Menglin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China
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15
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Zheng J, Liu J, Han S, Wang Y, Wei Y. N 2O emission factors of full-scale animal manure windrow composting in cold and warm seasons. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 316:123905. [PMID: 32777720 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Emission of nitrous oxide (N2O) during animal manure composting is of great concern, and its emission factor (EF) is important for greenhouse gas emission inventory, while the EF is still uncertain due to limited on-site full-scale observations worldwide. In this study, N2O emissions were monitored during different seasons in a full-scale swine manure windrow composting with pile volume of about 76.5 m3. The results showed that the maximum N2O flux during the cold season (CS) was 23 times higher than during the warm season (WS), significant differences in the contribution to direct N2O emissions were observed in three composting stages, and shaded-side N2O emission was higher than sunny-side emission. The direct N2O emission factors of animal manure composting were 0.0046, 0.0002 kg N2O-N/kgTN (dry weight) in the CS and WS, respectively. Scenario analysis results showed that windrow composting is a suitable manure management that emits less N2O than solid storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxi Zheng
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Laboratory of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jibao Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Laboratory of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Shenghui Han
- Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yawei Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Laboratory of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yuansong Wei
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Laboratory of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Institute of Energy, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, China.
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16
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Meng L, Li W, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Chen L, Zhang S. Influence of spent mushroom substrate and molasses amendment on nitrogen loss and humification in sewage sludge composting. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04988. [PMID: 33005797 PMCID: PMC7511750 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study included lab-scale sewage sludge (SS) composting amended by molasses and spent mushroom substrate (SMS) in 5 L composting reactor system. The influence of molasses and SMS amendment on nitrogen loss and humification of SS composting was evaluated. The results showed that SMS amendment, especially combination with molasses raised composting temperature, increased CO2 volatilization, promoted organic matter degradation, improve germination index and humification process. The addition of SMS and molasses contain carbohydrates used as carbon source and energy substance by microorganisms could increase microbial activity and ammonia assimilation. In the SMS + molasses treatments, NH3 volatilization was reduced by 33.1%–37.3% and N2O volatilization was only 17.8%–25.4% of that in the control treatment, furthermore, the nitrogen loss rate was reduced by 27.2%–32.2%. Consequently, the addition of SMS and molasses improved the compost maturity and reduced nitrogen loss in the SS composting process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiang Meng
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, 150010, Harbin, China.,Institute of Advanced Technology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, 150020, Harbin, China
| | - Weiguang Li
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150090, Harbin, China.,State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Enviroment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150090, Harbin, China
| | - Xiancheng Zhang
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, 150010, Harbin, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150090, Harbin, China
| | - Li Chen
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150090, Harbin, China
| | - Shumei Zhang
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, 150010, Harbin, China.,Institute of Advanced Technology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, 150020, Harbin, China
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17
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Avşar C, Aras ES. Quantification of denitrifier genes population size and its relationship with environmental factors. Arch Microbiol 2020; 202:1181-1192. [PMID: 32076734 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-020-01826-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to use real-time PCR for culture-independent quantification of the copy numbers of 16S rRNA and denitrification functional genes, and also the relationships between gene copy numbers and soil physicochemical properties. In this study, qPCR analysis of the soil samples showed 16S rRNA, nirS, nirK, nosZI and nosZII average densities of 3.0 × 108, 2.25 × 107, 2.9 × 105, 4.0 × 106 and 1.75 × 107 copies per gram of dry soil, respectively. In addition, the abundances of (nirS + nirK), nosZI and nosZII relative to 16S rRNA genes were 1.4-34.1%, 0.06-3.95% and 1.3-39%, respectively, confirming the low proportion of denitrifiers to total bacteria in soil. This showed that the non-denitrifying nosZII-type bacteria may contribute significantly to N2O consumption in the soil. Furthermore, the shifts in abundance and diversity of the total bacteria and denitrification functional gene copy numbers correlated significantly with the various soil factors. It is the first study in Turkey about the population size of denitrification functional genes in different soil samples. It also aims to draw attention to nitrous oxide-associated global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cumhur Avşar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sinop University, Sinop, Turkey.
| | - E Sümer Aras
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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18
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Chen Z, Wu Y, Wen Q, Bao H, Fu Q. Insight into the effects of sulfamethoxazole and norfloxacin on nitrogen transformation functional genes during swine manure composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 297:122463. [PMID: 31786036 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The effects of sulfamethoxazole and norfloxacin on nitrogen functional genes were investigated in four composting treatments of swine manure: CK (no antibiotics), SMZ (spiked with 5 mg kg-1 dry weight (DW) sulfamethoxazole), NOR (spiked with 5 mg kg-1DW norfloxacin), and SN (spiked with 5 mg kg-1DW sulfamethoxazole and 5 mg kg-1DW norfloxacin). Antibiotics decreased relative abundance of bacterial amoA and nxrA, while increased nosZ/nirK. The decline in amoA/16S rRNA increased the total NH3 emission in SMZ and NOR from 1027.05 to 1144.39 and 1278.22 mg kg-1DW. The decrease of nxrA/16S rRNA enhanced the NO2--N content and N2O emission in SMZ in the initial composting. Additionally, the increase in nosZ/nirK probably was the main reason for the lower N2O emission in SN than other treatments in the cooling phase. The inhibition on nitrification process and increase in NH3 emission resulted from antibiotics is worthy of attention in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Yiqi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Qinxue Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China.
| | - Huanyu Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Qiqi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
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19
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Tang J, Li X, Cui P, Lin J, Jianxiong Zeng R, Lin H, Zhou S. Nitrification plays a key role in N 2O emission in electric-field assisted aerobic composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 297:122470. [PMID: 31791916 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nitrous oxide (N2O) emission is a serious environmental problem in composting. Previous studies have indicated that electric field assistance results in lower N2O emissions in aerobic composting; however, the exact mechanisms involved in electric-field assisted aerobic composting (EAAC) are not clear. In this study, the biological N transformation processes and the N-associated genes were investigated. The results demonstrated that electric field application inhibited nitrification, weakened the nitrifying functional genes (the hao and nxrA genes declined maximally by 86% and 86.8%, respectively), and increased the N2O consumption-related gene (nosZ) by a maximum factor of 2.76 compared with that in CAC. The correlation analysis demonstrated that nitrification was the main source of N2O emission in EAAC. The findings imply that EAAC is a promising process for mitigating N2O emission at the source during aerobic composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahuan Tang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Peng Cui
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jiayang Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Raymond Jianxiong Zeng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hao Lin
- School of Ecology and Resource Engineering, Wuyi University, Wuyishan City, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Shungui Zhou
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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20
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Yang XC, Han ZZ, Ruan XY, Chai J, Jiang SW, Zheng R. Composting swine carcasses with nitrogen transformation microbial strains: Succession of microbial community and nitrogen functional genes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 688:555-566. [PMID: 31254821 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, nitrogen transformation strains, including three ammonium transformation strains, one nitrite strain and one nitrogen fixer, were inoculated at different swine carcass composting stages to regulate the nitrogen transformation and control the nitrogen loss. The final total nitrogen content was significantly increased (p < 0.01). The bacterial communities were assessed by amplicon sequencing and association analysis. Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were the four most dominant phyla.,Brevibacterium, Streptomyces and Ochrobactrum had a significant (p < 0.05) and positive correlation with total nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen content in both groups. The quantitative results of nitrogen transformation genes showed that ammonification, nitrification, denitrification and nitrogen fixation were simultaneously present in the composting process of swine carcasses, with the latter two accounting for a higher proportion. The ammonium transformation strains significantly (p < 0.05) strengthened nitrogen fixation and remarkably (p < 0.01) weakened nitrification and denitrification, which, however, were notably (p < 0.05) enhanced by the nitrite strain and nitrogen fixer. In this research, the inoculated strains changed the bacterial structure by regulating the abundance and activity of the highly connected taxa, which facilitated the growth of nitrogen transformation bacteria and regulated the balance/symbiosis of nitrogen transformation processes to accelerate the accumulation of nitrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Chen Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin-Yi Ruan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jin Chai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Si-Wen Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Rong Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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21
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Bian R, Shi W, Duan Y, Chai X. Effect of soil types and ammonia concentrations on the contribution of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria to CH 4 oxidation. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2019; 37:698-705. [PMID: 31023154 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x19843988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Irrigation of stabilized landfill leachate to landfill cover soil is a cost-effective operation for leachate treatment. The contribution of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in the cover soil to CH4 oxidation, however, is unclear, because AOB and methane-oxidizing bacteria (MOB) can co-oxidize CH4 and NH4+-N. Thus, the contribution of AOB and the inhibitory effect of NH4+-N to CH4 oxidation were determined by using an acetylene pretreatment discrimination method. The results showed that the contributions of AOB to CH4 oxidation varied with the soil type and the concentration of NH4+-N addition. The relative contribution of AOB to CH4 oxidation for compost without NH4+-N addition was the highest (65.0%), and was 2.5 and 3.4 times higher than the corresponding values for aged refuse and landfill cover soil, respectively. The inhibitory effect of NH4+-N was enhanced by increasing the concentration of NH4+-N addition for all the soil samples. At equal NH4+-N addition concentrations, the inhibitory effect was always the lowest for the compost sample. The abundances of particulate methane monooxygenase (pmoA) and ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) genes were key factors influencing the CH4 oxidation rate and contribution of AOB to CH4 oxidation. The higher abundance of pmoA and lower abundance of amoA in landfill cover soil could explain the higher CH4 oxidation rate and lower contribution of AOB to CH4 oxidation in this soil type. Meanwhile, the higher contribution of AOB to CH4 oxidation for compost could be attributed to the higher abundance of the amoA gene and lower abundance of pmoA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongxing Bian
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, China
| | - Wei Shi
- 2 Xi'an Solid Waste Administration, China
| | | | - Xiaoli Chai
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, China
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22
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Yang F, Li Y, Han Y, Qian W, Li G, Luo W. Performance of mature compost to control gaseous emissions in kitchen waste composting. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 657:262-269. [PMID: 30543975 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the performance of mature compost to mitigate gaseous emissions during kitchen waste composting. Cornstalk was mixed with kitchen waste at a ratio of 3:17 (wet weight) as the bulking agent. Mature compost (10% of raw composting materials on the wet weight basis) was mixed into or covered on the composting pile. A control treatment without any addition of mature compost was conducted for comparison. Results show that mature compost did not significantly affect the composting process. Nevertheless, gaseous emissions during kitchen waste composting were considerably reduced with the addition of mature compost. In particular, mixing mature compost with raw composting materials reduced ammonia, methane, and nitrous oxide emissions by 58.0%, 44.8%, and 73.6%, respectively. As a result, nitrogen could be conserved to increase nutrient contents and germination index of the compost product. Furthermore, the total greenhouse gas emissions during kitchen waste composting were reduced by 69.2% with the mixture of mature composting. By contrast, a lower reduction in gaseous emissions was observed when the same amount of mature compost was covered on the composting pile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Yun Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuhua Han
- Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Wentao Qian
- Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Guoxue Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wenhai Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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23
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Wang X, Zheng G, Chen T, Nie E, Wang Y, Shi X, Liu J. Application of ceramsite and activated alumina balls as recyclable bulking agents for sludge composting. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 218:42-51. [PMID: 30469003 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.11.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Composting is a major sludge-treatment method and bulking agents are very important in sludge composting. In this study, ceramsite and activated alumina balls were chosen as recyclable bulking agents for sludge composting. Variations in the temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter, dissolved organic carbon, moisture content, and heavy metals were detected during composting with different bulking-agent treatments as well as differences in the germination index values. The results showed that both bulking agents could ensure the maturity of the compost; further, ceramsite treatment resulted in the best water removal efficiency. According to the sequential extraction procedure, both ceramsite and activated alumina balls could stabilize Cd but they also increased the mobility of Zn. After comparing the effects of different particle sizes of ceramsite on composting, 20 mm was determined to be the most optimal value. Additionally, the recovery rates of ceramsite and activated alumina balls were 96.9% and 99.9%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiankai Wang
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guodi Zheng
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Tongbin Chen
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Erqi Nie
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuewei Wang
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Shi
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Junwan Liu
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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24
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Cui P, Chen Z, Zhao Q, Yu Z, Yi Z, Liao H, Zhou S. Hyperthermophilic composting significantly decreases N 2O emissions by regulating N 2O-related functional genes. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 272:433-441. [PMID: 30388581 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study reported for the first time that hyperthermophilic composting (HTC) could mitigate 90% of the cumulative amount of N2O emissions compared to traditional composting (TC) in a full-scale experiment. The concentrations of NO2--N and NO3--N in HTC were significantly lower than those in TC, which may be the main reason for the reduced N2O emissions. Furthermore, this study found that the decrease in N2O emissions in HTC compared to TC was mainly due to the inhibition of the abundance of the bacterial amoA and norB genes, which could decrease the nitrification rate and control N2O formation, respectively. Partial least squares path modeling revealed that a high temperature was the key factor in lowering N2O emissions in HTC, while physicochemical properties were the dominant factor in enhancing N2O emissions in TC. These results suggested that HTC is a promising technique for reducing N2O emissions in manure composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Cui
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhen Yu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental Science & Technology, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Zhigang Yi
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hanpeng Liao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Shungui Zhou
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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25
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Maeda K, Miyatake F, Asano R, Nakajima KI, Maeda T, Iwabuchi K. Response of the denitrifier community and its relationship with multiple N 2O emission peaks after mature compost addition into dairy manure compost with forced aeration. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 206:310-319. [PMID: 29754055 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.04.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Animal manure is a source of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O), therefore understanding the mechanisms underlying its production is essential for developing mitigating strategies and sustainable livestock production system. In this study, microbial communities potentially involved in multiple emission peaks during initial stage of laboratory-scale dairy manure composting with forced aeration system were investigated. Mature compost was used for the bulking agent. Change of overall bacterial community and nitrification-denitrification gene abundance were monitored by using 16S rRNA gene amoA, nirS, nirK or nosZ genes, respectively. Three N2O emission peaks were observed when the temperature reached at 45, 60 and 72 °C, at the same timing of oxygen consumption peaks. The maximum N2O emission peak was 3.86 mg h-1 kg-1 TS when the temperature reached at 60 °C. The shift of bacterial community among these experimental periods was significant, orders Flavobacteriales, Burkholderiales and Xanthomonadales increased, while orders belong to Bacillales, Lactobacillales, Clostridiales and Bacteroidales decreased. In addition, abundance of two denitrification genes (nirS and nosZ) significantly increased during this period. Clone library analysis of these genes showed that significantly increased sequences belonged to Pseudomonas-like clusters for both genes, indicates that denitrifiers possesses these genes are involved for these N2O emission peaks caused by mature compost addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Maeda
- NARO, Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center, Dairy Research Division, 1 Hitsujigaoka, Sapporo 062-8555, Japan.
| | - Fumihito Miyatake
- Department of Agro-Environmental Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, 2-11 Inadacho, Obihiro 080-8555, Japan
| | - Ryoki Asano
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioresource Sciences, Akita Prefectural University, 241-438 Kaidobata-Nishi, Shimoshinjo-Nakano, Akita, 010-0195, Japan
| | - Kei-Ichi Nakajima
- NARO, Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center, Dairy Research Division, 1 Hitsujigaoka, Sapporo 062-8555, Japan
| | - Takeki Maeda
- Department of Agro-bioscience, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka 020-8550, Japan
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