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Liu N, Wang D, Li Z, Xing Y, Ma Q, Zhang Z. A novel Bi 2S 3 QD-based DPV/ECL synchronous dual-mode molecularly imprinted sensor for enrofloxacin detection in eggs. Food Chem 2024; 444:138594. [PMID: 38309076 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Herein, a novel electrochemiluminescence (ECL) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) dual-mode-based molecularly imprinted (MIP) sensor had been established for the detection of enrofloxacin (ENR) in eggs. Firstly, bismuth sulfide quantum dots (Bi2S3 QDs) as ECL luminophore were synthesized. Furthermore, a MIP film with ionic liquid (ILs), Bi2S3 QDs, and ENR was prepared via the electrochemical polymerization procedure on the electrode. As ENR was identified and captured by the imprinted cavities, the electron transfer pathway was blocked on the electrochemical interface, resulting in the decrease of both DPV signals and ECL signals. As a novel synchronous dual-mode sensing strategy, a pulsed voltage was applied to produce both the DPV signal and ECL signal simultaneously. The ECL and DPV response showed the good linear relationships with the concentration of ENR with the ranges of 0.5 Nm-25 μM and 5 nM-25 μΜ and the detection limits of 0.13 nM and 1.59 nM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Liu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Dongyu Wang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Zhenrun Li
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yue Xing
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Qiang Ma
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Zhiquan Zhang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
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2
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Cai T, Zhou Y, Liu H, Li J, Wang X, Zhao S, Gong B. Preparation of monodisperse, restricted-access, media-molecularly imprinted polymers using bi-functional monomers for solid-phase extraction of sarafloxacin from complex samples. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1642:462009. [PMID: 33721811 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Monodisperse restricted-access media bi-functional monomers with molecularly imprinted polymers (RAM-MIPs) were constructed using surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization. They were used as solid-phase extraction (SPE) adsorbents to enrich sarafloxacin (SAR) residues from egg samples, and influences on their performance were investigated. Optimum synthesis of RAM-MIPs was achieved by combining a bi-functional monomer (4-vinylpyridine-co-methacrylic acid, 1:3) with an 8:1:32:8 ratio of a template molecule, cross-linker, and restricted-access functional monomer. The SAR imprinting factor of RAM-MIPs was 6.05 and the selectivity coefficient between SAR and other fluoroquinolones was 1.86-2.64. Compared with traditional MIPs, the RAM-MIPs showed better SAR enrichment and selectivity during extraction of a complex protein-containing solution. Empty SPE cartridges were filled with RAM-MIP microspheres as SPE adsorbents. The limit of quantitation for SAR was 4.23 ng g-1 (signal-to-noise ratio = 10) and the mean SAR recovery from spiked egg samples was 94.0-101.3%. Intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviations were 1.1-9% and 1.5-3.3%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianpei Cai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, PR China
| | - Yanqiang Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, PR China
| | - Huachun Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, PR China
| | - Jianmin Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, PR China
| | - Shanwen Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, PR China
| | - Bolin Gong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, PR China.
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3
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Peris-Vicente J, García-Ferrer D, Mishra P, Albiol-Chiva J, Durgbanshi A, Carda-Broch S, Bose D, Esteve-Romero J. Procedure for the Screening of Eggs and Egg Products to Detect Oxolonic Acid, Ciprofloxacin, Enrofloxacin, and Sarafloxacin Using Micellar Liquid Chromatography. Antibiotics (Basel) 2019; 8:antibiotics8040226. [PMID: 31731615 PMCID: PMC6963619 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics8040226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A method based on micellar liquid chromatography was developed to determine oxolinic acid, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, and sarafloxacin in eggs and egg products. The antimicrobial drugs were obtained in a micellar solution which was directly injected. The analytes were resolved using a C18 column and a mobile phase of 0.05 M sodium dodecyl sulfate—7.5% 1-propanol—0.5% triethylamine, buffered at pH 3 with phosphate salt, running under the isocratic mode. The signal was monitored by fluorescence. Validation was successfully performed according to the EU Commission Decision 2002/657/EC in terms of specificity, calibration range (LOQ to 1 mg/kg), linearity (R2 > 0.9991), limit of detection and decision limit (0.01–0.05 mg/kg), limit of quantification (0.025–0.150 mg/kg), detection capability (<0.4 times decision limit), trueness (−14.2% to +9.8%), precision (<14.0%), robustness, and stability. The procedure was environmentally friendly, safe, easy-to-conduct, inexpensive, and had a high sample throughput, thus it is useful for routine analysis as a screening method in a laboratory for food residue control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Peris-Vicente
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (J.P.-V.); (D.G.-F.)
| | - Daniel García-Ferrer
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (J.P.-V.); (D.G.-F.)
- Laboratory of Clinical Analysis, General University Hospital of de Castelló, 12004 Castelló, Spain
| | - Pooja Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Doctor Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Madhya Pradesh 470003, India; (P.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Jaume Albiol-Chiva
- Bioanalytical Chemistrya, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistrya, ESTCE, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castelló, Spain; (J.A.-C.); (S.C.-B.)
| | - Abhilasha Durgbanshi
- Department of Chemistry, Doctor Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Madhya Pradesh 470003, India; (P.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Samuel Carda-Broch
- Bioanalytical Chemistrya, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistrya, ESTCE, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castelló, Spain; (J.A.-C.); (S.C.-B.)
| | - Devasish Bose
- Department of Criminology and Forensic Science, Doctor Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Madhya Pradesh 470003, India;
| | - Josep Esteve-Romero
- Bioanalytical Chemistrya, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistrya, ESTCE, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castelló, Spain; (J.A.-C.); (S.C.-B.)
- Correspondence:
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4
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A comprehensive analysis and optimization of continuous twin-screw granulation processes via sequential experimentation strategy. Int J Pharm 2019; 556:349-362. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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5
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Tang Y, Xu J, Chen L, Qiu J, Liu Y, Ouyang G. Rapid in vivo determination of fluoroquinolones in cultured puffer fish (Takifugu obscurus) muscle by solid-phase microextraction coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Talanta 2017; 175:550-556. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.07.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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6
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Leça JM, Pereira AC, Vieira AC, Reis MS, Marques JC. Optimal design of experiments applied to headspace solid phase microextraction for the quantification of vicinal diketones in beer through gas chromatography-mass spectrometric detection. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 887:101-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.06.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 06/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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7
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Lucatello L, Cagnardi P, Capolongo F, Ferraresi C, Bernardi F, Montesissa C. Development and validation of an LC–MS/MS/MS method for the quantification of fluoroquinolones in several matrices from treated turkeys. Food Control 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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8
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Determination of (fluoro)quinolones in eggs by liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection and confirmation by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2012; 135:430-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.04.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2011] [Revised: 02/29/2012] [Accepted: 04/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Simultaneous determination of fluoroquinolones in foods of animal origin by a high performance liquid chromatography and a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry with accelerated solvent extraction. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 885-886:150-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2011] [Revised: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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10
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Morales R, Ortiz MC, Sarabia LA, Sánchez MS. D-optimal designs and N-way techniques to determine sulfathiazole in milk by molecular fluorescence spectroscopy. Anal Chim Acta 2011; 707:38-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2011.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2011] [Revised: 09/09/2011] [Accepted: 09/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Cortada C, Vidal L, Canals A. Determination of nitroaromatic explosives in water samples by direct ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction followed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Talanta 2011; 85:2546-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2011] [Revised: 07/28/2011] [Accepted: 08/06/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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12
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Validation of a method for the analysis of nine quinolones in eggs by pressurized liquid extraction and liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Talanta 2011; 85:596-606. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2011] [Revised: 03/28/2011] [Accepted: 04/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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13
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Li Y, Pang T, Li Y, Wang X, Li Q, Lu X, Xu G. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometric method for metabolic profiling of tobacco leaves. J Sep Sci 2011; 34:1447-54. [PMID: 21560246 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201100106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2011] [Revised: 03/20/2011] [Accepted: 03/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A gas chromatography-mass spectrometric method was developed for profiling of tobacco leaves. The differentiation among tobacco leaves planted in two different regions was investigated. Prior to analysis, the extraction solvent formulation was optimized and a combination of water, methanol and acetonitrile with a volume ratio of 3:1:1 was found to be optimal. The reproducibility of the method was satisfactory. Kendall tau-b rank correlation coefficients were equal to 1 (p<0.05) for 82% of the resolved peaks (up to 95% of the overall peak areas), indicating the good response correlation. Forty-four compounds including 9 saccharides, 9 alcohols, 9 amino acids, 16 organic acids and phosphoric acid were identified based on standard compounds. The method was successfully applied for profiling of tobacco leaves from Zimbabwe and Yunnan of China. Our result revealed that levels of saccharides and their derivatives including xylose, ribose, fructose, glucose, turanose, xylitol and glyceric acid were more abundant while sucrose, glucitol and D-gluconic acid were less abundant in tobacco leaves from Yunnan as compared to those from Zimbabwe. Amino acids such as L-alanine, L-tyrosine and L-threonine were found to be richer in Zimbabwe tobacco than in Yunnan tobacco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, PR China
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14
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Analysis of Fluoroquinolones in Animal Feed Based on Microwave-Assisted Extraction by LC–MS–MS Determination. Chromatographia 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-011-2049-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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15
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Rambla-Alegre M, Collado-Sánchez MA, Esteve-Romero J, Carda-Broch S. Quinolones control in milk and eggs samples by liquid chromatography using a surfactant-mediated mobile phase. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 400:1303-13. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-4409-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2010] [Revised: 10/15/2010] [Accepted: 11/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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Pápai K, Budai M, Ludányi K, Antal I, Klebovich I. Analysis of ciprofloxacin in low- and high-fat milk by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2010. [DOI: 10.1556/achrom.22.2010.1.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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17
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Optimization of a solid-phase extraction procedure in the fluorimetric determination of sulfonamides in milk using the second-order advantage of PARAFAC and D-optimal design. Anal Bioanal Chem 2009; 396:923-35. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-3116-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2009] [Revised: 08/19/2009] [Accepted: 08/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Farias J, Albizzati ED, Alfano OM. Kinetic study of the photo-Fenton degradation of formic acid. Catal Today 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2008.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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19
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Kim HS, Siluk D, Wainer IW. Quantitative determination of fenoterol and fenoterol derivatives in rat plasma using on-line immunoextraction and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:3526-32. [PMID: 18778830 PMCID: PMC2663019 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2008] [Revised: 07/15/2008] [Accepted: 08/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
An on-line immunoextraction and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) method was developed and validated for the determination of R,R'-fenoterol, R,R'-methoxyfenoterol and R,S'-naphthylfenoterol in rat plasma. Sample preparation involved immunoextraction of analytes using an antibody raised against R,R'- and R,S'-aminofenoterol that was immobilized onto chromatographic support. LC was performed on a Waters hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) column (150 mm x 2.1mm), using an isocratic mobile phase of methanol:ammonium acetate (10mM, pH 6.8) (90:10, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.2 ml/min. The MS was operated in the single ion monitoring mode (m/z 304.2 for R,R'-fenoterol, m/z 318.1 for R,R'-methoxyfenoterol, and m/z 339.2 for R,S'-naphthylfenoterol). Optimization of analytes desorption process from the immunoextraction column was performed by factorial analysis and the sample calibration curves were made with spiked rat plasma samples containing 0.5-100 ng/ml of drugs. The cross-selectivity studies of the antibody were determined and the results suggested high selectivities toward R,R'-fenoterol, R,R'-methoxyfenoterol and R,S'-naphthylfenoterol. The accuracy of assay was more than 96% while intra- and inter-day precision of assay were less than 12.4%. Stability studies (2h benchtop, freeze/thaw, and autosampler stability) were conducted and the analytes were stable through out studies. The validated method was used to determine the plasma concentration-time profiles of drugs after oral administration to rats of R,R'-fenoterol, R,R'-methoxyfenoterol and R,S'-naphthylfenoterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Seung Kim
- Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224-6825, USA.
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20
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Bogialli S, D’Ascenzo G, Di Corcia A, Laganà A, Tramontana G. Simple assay for monitoring seven quinolone antibacterials in eggs: Extraction with hot water and liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:794-800. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.11.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2008] [Revised: 11/21/2008] [Accepted: 11/25/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Yan H, Qiao F, Row KH. Molecularly imprinted-matrix solid-phase dispersion for selective extraction of five fluoroquinolones in eggs and tissue. Anal Chem 2007; 79:8242-8. [PMID: 17918913 DOI: 10.1021/ac070644q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel highly selective sample cleanup procedure combining molecular imprinting and matrix solid-phase dispersion (MI-MSPD) was developed for the simultaneous isolation of ofloxacin, pefloxacin, norflorxacin, ciprofloxacin, and enrofloxacin in chicken eggs and swine tissues followed by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. The novel ofloxacin imprinted polymers synthesized in water-containing systems show high selectivity for the five fluoroquinolones in aqueous environment and the affinity can be easily adjusted by the pH of solution. Compared with conventional MSPD methods, using MIPs as selective MSPD sorbents, the five fluoroquinolones could be selectively extracted from a biological matrix and all matrix interferences were eliminated simultaneously. The average recoveries of the five fluoroquinolones were ranged from 85.7 to 104.6% for eggs and 86.8 to 102.7% for tissues with relative standard deviations of less than 7.0%. Detection limits for the identification of the five fluoroquinolones in eggs and tissues ranged from 0.05 to 0.09 ng/g.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Yan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 402751, Korea
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22
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Hernández-Soriano MC, Peña A, Mingorance MD. Response surface methodology for the microwave-assisted extraction of insecticides from soil samples. Anal Bioanal Chem 2007; 389:619-30. [PMID: 17628792 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-007-1418-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2007] [Revised: 05/30/2007] [Accepted: 06/06/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The extraction of two pyrethroid insecticides (deltamethrin and alpha-cypermethrin) together with three organophosphorus insecticides (dimethoate, diazinon and malathion) from soil samples was carried out with microwave-assisted technology. Experimental designs showed that extraction temperature, addition of water to the extractant and solvent/soil ratio were the variables that affected the recoveries of the pesticide the most. Response surface methodology was applied to find the optimum values of the variables involved in the extractions of the analytes. In addition, in order to achieve near-optimal extraction conditions, a desirability function was used to optimize the five pesticides simultaneously. The optimized conditions were applied to different types of soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Carmen Hernández-Soriano
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra y Química Ambiental, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), c/Profesor Albareda, 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
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23
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Ortiz MC, Sarabia L. Quantitative determination in chromatographic analysis based on n-way calibration strategies. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1158:94-110. [PMID: 17482630 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2007] [Revised: 04/11/2007] [Accepted: 04/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Chemometric techniques for calibration with three-way signals are sufficiently developed for their use in routine analysis. The advantage of the second order property (the possibility of quantifying an analyte in the presence of interferents) together with the guarantee of the uniqueness of the decomposition, what means to extract the signal corresponding only to the analyte of interest, make these calibration techniques especially useful for the quantification and identification of analytes in complex samples. This has a particular interest in the identification and quantification of banned substances or substances with a specified maximum limit. The paper describes the theory of the calibration methodology in relation to the signal order and then focuses the analysis on the three-way techniques commonly used in calibration: n-way partial least squares, multivariate curve resolution and parallel factor analysis. The figures of merit needed for the accreditation of analytical methods are analyzed from the viewpoint of n-way calibrations in chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Ortiz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Pza, Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
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24
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Andreu V, Blasco C, Picó Y. Analytical strategies to determine quinolone residues in food and the environment. Trends Analyt Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2007.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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25
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Pérez-Serradilla JA, Ortiz MC, Sarabia L, de Castro MDL. Focused microwave-assisted Soxhlet extraction of acorn oil for determination of the fatty acid profile by GC–MS. Comparison with conventional and standard methods. Anal Bioanal Chem 2007; 388:451-62. [PMID: 17393149 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-007-1227-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2007] [Revised: 02/16/2007] [Accepted: 02/22/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A study of the feasibility of focused microwave-assisted Soxhlet extraction of acorn oil and comparison of results from analysis of trans fatty acids in the oil thus obtained with those for oils obtained by use of other methods commonly used for oil extraction are reported here. The proposed method was optimized by means of a 21-experiment screening design to determine, by means of a reduced number of experiments, which factors affect both extraction efficiency and the degree of unsaturation of the fatty acids in the oil. The proposed method enables total extraction of the fatty acids in 30 min, which is much less than the time required by the Folch (4.5 h), Soxhlet (16 h), and ISO (8 h) reference methods and the stirring-extraction method (56 h). The efficiency of extraction achieved by use of the proposed method is statistically equivalent to that achieved by use of the other methods; the composition of the extracts obtained by use of the proposed method and the Folch and stirring reference methods are also statistically similar. No trans fatty acids were present in the extracts obtained by use of the Folch, stirring, and proposed methods but they were detected in the extracts obtained by use of both the Soxhlet and ISO methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Pérez-Serradilla
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Córdoba, Campus of Rabanales, Annex C-3, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
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Cho HJ, Abd El-Aty AM, Goudah A, Sung GM, Yi H, Seo DC, Kim JS, Shim JH, Jeong JY, Lee SH, Shin HC. Monitoring of fluoroquinolone residual levels in chicken eggs by microbiological assay and confirmation by liquid chromatography. Biomed Chromatogr 2007; 22:92-9. [PMID: 17705139 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The primary objective of this study was to develop a simple, rapid, and efficient method for the simultaneous determination of four fluoroquinolone residues, ciprofloxacin (CFX), danofloxacin (DFX), enrofloxacin (EFX) and norfloxacin (NFX), in chicken eggs. The samples were first monitored by microbiological assay using Escherichia coli as the reference organism, and were then quantified using HPLC with a fluorescence detector. Egg samples were extracted by the liquid-phase extraction process, and the analytes were analyzed via an ODS column using a mixture of acetonitrile and 0.4% phosphoric acid-0.4% triethylamine (15: 85, v/v) as a mobile phase (pH=2) without purification. The calibration curves were linear (r2>or=0.999) over a concentration range of 0.1-1.0 microg/mL. The majority of the mean recoveries at four different fortification levels, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 and 1.0 ppm, ranged from 73.7+/-7.2% to 87.1+/-12.7%, and the repeatability (as the relative standard deviation) from three repetitive determinations of recovery was between 1.03 and 18.83%. The calculated limit of quantitation (LOQ) was 9 ppb for CFX, EFX and NFX and 0.6 ppb for DFX. Both the bioassay and HPLC methods were applied to 120 total egg samples collected from the six major cities in the Republic of Korea. The bioassay, showed that two samples were positive (i.e contained inhibiting substances). On the other hand, the results of HPLC only identified and quantified the residues of enrofloxacin (from 0.43 to 1.02 ppm) in three samples out of 120. We concluded that the bioassay can be used as a routine screening method for the presence of fluoroquinolones in chicken eggs, which can be confirmed and quantified using LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Jung Cho
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Kwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
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Herranz S, Moreno-Bondi MC, Marazuela MD. Development of a new sample pretreatment procedure based on pressurized liquid extraction for the determination of fluoroquinolone residues in table eggs. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1140:63-70. [PMID: 17147954 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.11.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2006] [Revised: 11/15/2006] [Accepted: 11/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A new method for the simultaneous determination of three fluoroquinolones (FQs) enrofloxacin (ENRO) ciprofloxacin (CIPRO) and sarafloxacin (SARA) in table eggs has been developed, applying pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) and liquid chromatography (LC) with fluorescence detection (LC-FLD). The influence of several extraction parameters (e.g. solvent mixture, temperature and extraction time) on FQs extraction efficiency and coextracted matrix interferents was evaluated using fortified control eggs and matrix matched standard curves. The results showed that FQs extraction efficiency depends mainly on solvent composition and the optimum extraction mixture was found to be phosphate 50mM, pH 3.0/acetonitrile (50:50, v/v). The optimized procedure employed 50% flush volume, 5min of static time and three extraction cycles at 70 degrees C and 1500psi. Method validation was performed according to the guidelines of the Directive 96/23/EC, using control egg samples, fortified with the target FQs in the range 50-1000ngg(-1) and applying the optimized extraction conditions on three different days, providing recoveries between 67-90% with RSDs lower than 11% in all cases. The decision limit (CCalpha) and detection capability (CCbeta) of the analytical method were found to be within the range 17-24ngg(-1) and 30-41ngg(-1), respectively. The method was successfully applied to the determination of ENRO and its metabolite CIPRO in incurred egg samples from ENRO-treated hens and LC-MS has been used and for confirmatory purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Herranz
- Laboratory of Optical Sensors, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
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Peña A, Ruano F, Mingorance MD. Ultrasound-assisted extraction of pesticides from olive branches: a multifactorial approach to method development. Anal Bioanal Chem 2006; 385:918-25. [PMID: 16791572 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-006-0449-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2006] [Revised: 03/24/2006] [Accepted: 03/27/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A rapid and simple method has been developed for the analysis in olive branches of two insecticides currently used in olive pest control, dimethoate and alpha-cypermethrin. The effects of analytical conditions on pesticide recovery and the optimal extraction conditions were evaluated by means of a factorial design. The use of this chemometric tool in analytical method development allows the identification of the principal and interaction effects of the extraction conditions on the recovery of pesticides. It also gives information about the location of pesticide maximum recovery with minimal experimental investment. Extraction was carried out with an ultrasonic bath and the experimental conditions studied included the volume of extractant, the time of extraction, the number of extraction steps and the sample weight. The sample was further cleaned up using a Florisil solid-phase extraction cartridge. For the overall extraction procedure, recoveries of 99 % for alpha-cypermethrin and 90 % for dimethoate from the spiked samples were found for 1 g of sample extracted three times with 35 mL hexane, sonicating for 2 min in each step. The complete process including ultrasonic extraction and filtration will not require more than 15-20 min, in contrast with several hours for conventional liquid-solid extraction techniques. The proposed method allows a high sample throughput, as commonly required in monitoring studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Peña
- Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), c/ Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
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