1
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Moussa A, Huygens B, Venditti C, Adrover A, Desmet G. On the contribution of the top and bottom walls in micro-pillar array columns and related high-aspect ratio chromatography systems. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1720:464825. [PMID: 38507870 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
We report on a steady-state based, and hence highly accurate numerical modelling study of the effect of the top and bottom wall in the current generation of micro-pillar array columns. These have a mesoporous retention layer that not only covers the pillar walls but also the bottom wall. Our results show that the performance of these columns can in general not be improved by also covering the top wall with the same layer, despite the increased column symmetry this approach would offer. The reason for this is that the local species retardation caused by a retentive layer is much stronger than the pure flow arresting effect of an uncovered wall. At least, this has a crucial impact in high aspect-ratio systems such as micro-pillar array columns because these require a small inter-pillar distance to promote mass transfer together with a large channel depth to enable a sufficiently high flow rate. On the other hand, a notable improvement could be made if micro-pillar array would be produced without having a retentive layer at the bottom. At Péclet number Pe = 50 and aspect ratio AR = 5 for flow-channels, this gain amounts up to about 4.5 h-units at a zone retention factor k'' = 2 and 1.75 h-units at k'' = 16 (gain scales almost linearly with Pe). To verify these results, we also considered another high aspect-ratio system with a simplified geometry: the open-tubular channel with a flat-rectangular cross-section. This led to very similar observations, thus confirming the findings for the micro-pillar array. The results produced in the present study also allow us to conclude that the classic modelling paradigm adopted in chromatography, which is based on the independency and hence additivity of the hCm- and hCs-contributions, can lead to large modelling errors in chromatographic systems with a high aspect-ratio, even when their geometry is so simple as that of a straight open-tubular channel with constant cross-section. Indeed, when both zones are treated independently, the analysis misses how the vertical diffusion through the retentive layer helps suppressing the vertical gradients in the mobile zone. The diffusion through this layer occurs in a ratio of k''Ds/Dm (Dm being the diffusion coefficient in mobile phase zone and Ds being the diffusion coefficient in stationary phase zone), such that at high retention factors this diffusion contribution even becomes the dominant one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Moussa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bram Huygens
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Claudia Venditti
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica Materiali Ambiente, Sapienza Università di Roma, Italy
| | - Alessandra Adrover
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica Materiali Ambiente, Sapienza Università di Roma, Italy
| | - Gert Desmet
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
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2
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Vankeerberghen B, Verloy S, Jimidar ISM, Gardeniers H, Desmet G. Structured microgroove columns as a potential solution to obtain perfectly ordered particle beds. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1700:464031. [PMID: 37148569 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We report on a novel concept to produce ordered beds of spherical particles in a suitable format for liquid chromatography. In this concept, spherical particles are either positioned individually (single-layer column) or stacked (multi-layer column) in micromachined pockets that form an interconnected array of micro-grooves acting as a perfectly ordered chromatographic column. As a first step towards realizing this concept, we report on the breakthrough we realized by obtaining a solution to uniformly fill the micro-groove arrays with spherical particles. We show this can be achieved in a few sweeps using a dedicated rubbing approach wherein a particle suspension is manually rubbed over a silicon chip. In addition, numerical calculations of the dispersion in the newly introduced column format have been carried out and demonstrate the combined advantage of order and reduced flow resistance the newly proposed concept has over the conventional packed bed. For fully-porous particles and a zone retention factor of k'' = 2, the hmin decreases from hmin = 1.9 for the best possible packed bed column to around hmin = 1.0 for the microgroove array, while the interstitial velocity-based separation impedance Ei (a direct measure for the required analysis time) decreases from 1450 to 200. The next steps will focus on the removal of occasional particles remaining on the sides of the micro-pockets, the addition of a cover substrate to seal the column and the subsequent conduction of actual chromatographic separations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bert Vankeerberghen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandrien Verloy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Mesoscale Chemical Systems, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Ignaas S M Jimidar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Mesoscale Chemical Systems, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Han Gardeniers
- Mesoscale Chemical Systems, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Gert Desmet
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
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3
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Xie M, Quan K, Li H, Liu B, Chen J, Yu Y, Wang J, Qiu H. Non-porous silica support covalent organic frameworks as stationary phases for liquid chromatography. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:314-317. [PMID: 36508301 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc05650j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A new strategy using non-porous silica (NPS) spheres as the support and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) as the porous functional shell for liquid chromatography was developed to ensure the independent effect of the COFs on the separation. As a proof of concept, NPS@TPB-DMTP was prepared for liquid chromatographic analysis using 1,3,5-tris(4-aminophenyl)benzene (TPB) and 2,5-dimethoxy-1,4-benzenedicarboxaldehyde (DMTP) as monomers by in situ polymerisation on the surface of NPS. It is a new way of developing COF-based stationary phases, which will be helpful in understanding what effect the COFs will have on separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meichao Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China. .,CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Kaijun Quan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Hui Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Bei Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Jia Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Yongliang Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
| | - Hongdeng Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China. .,College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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4
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Perchepied S, Ritchie H, Desmet G, Eeltink S. Insights in column packing processes of narrow bore and capillary-scale columns: Methodologies, driving forces, and separation performance – A tutorial review. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1235:340563. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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5
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Review of recent insights in the measurement and modelling of the B-term dispersion and related mass transfer properties in liquid chromatography. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1214:339955. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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6
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Ismail OH, Catani M, Mazzoccanti G, Felletti S, Manetto S, De Luca C, Ye M, Cavazzini A, Gasparrini F. Boosting the enantioresolution of zwitterionic-teicoplanin chiral stationary phases by moving to wide-pore core-shell particles. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1676:463190. [PMID: 35704958 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A novel zwitterionic-teicoplanin chiral stationary phase (CSP), based on superficially porous particles (SPPs) of 2.7 µm particle diameter and 160 Å pore size, has been prepared and evaluated towards the enantioseparation of important classes of compounds, including chiral drugs, pesticides, and N-derivatized amino acids. The comparison with two analogous CSPs prepared on SPPs with 2.7 and 2.0 µm particle diameter and 90 Å pore size has revealed that the use of large-pore particles allows to dramatically improve both the enantioselectivity and the resolution-per-analysis-time, at the point that the column prepared with the new CSP outperformed the one packed with the finest particles. On the novel wide-pore CSP, the separation of fifteen racemates of pratical importance was significantly improved in terms of both enantioselectivity and resolution-per-analysis time-compared to the CSPs based on SPPs with smaller pores (90 Å). Such a CSP would be suitable for very fast enantioseparations allowing the saving of solvent for greener high-efficiency/high-throughput applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar H Ismail
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Farmaceutiche e Agrarie, Università di Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Martina Catani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Farmaceutiche e Agrarie, Università di Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Giulia Mazzoccanti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, P. le Aldo Moro 5, Roma 00185, Italy
| | - Simona Felletti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Farmaceutiche e Agrarie, Università di Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Simone Manetto
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, P. le Aldo Moro 5, Roma 00185, Italy
| | - Chiara De Luca
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Farmaceutiche e Agrarie, Università di Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Michael Ye
- MilliporeSigma, 595 North Harrison Road, Bellefonte, PA 16823, United States
| | - Alberto Cavazzini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Farmaceutiche e Agrarie, Università di Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Francesco Gasparrini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, P. le Aldo Moro 5, Roma 00185, Italy.
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7
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Felletti S, Catani M, Mazzoccanti G, De Luca C, Lievore G, Buratti A, Pasti L, Gasparrini F, Cavazzini A. Mass transfer kinetics on modern Whelk-O1 chiral stationary phases made on fully- and superficially-porous particles. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1637:461854. [PMID: 33387912 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a detailed study of mass transfer properties of trans-stilbene oxide (TSO) enantiomers on two Whelk-O1 chiral stationary phases (CSPs) has been performed. The CSPs were prepared by using both fully-porous silica particles of 2.5 μm particle diameter and superficially-porous ones of 2.6 μm particle diameter as base materials. By combining stop-flow and dynamic measurements in normal-phase conditions, the different contributions to mass transfer have been estimated. The study of intraparticle diffusion has revealed that the adsorption of both enantiomers is localized (i.e., characterized by absence of surface diffusion). The determination of thermodynamic binding constants (measured through adsorption isotherms) supports this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Felletti
- Dept. of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Martina Catani
- Dept. of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giulia Mazzoccanti
- Dept. of Drug Chemistry and Technology, Sapienza Universita di Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Chiara De Luca
- Dept. of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giulio Lievore
- Dept. of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandro Buratti
- Dept. of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luisa Pasti
- Dept. of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesco Gasparrini
- Dept. of Drug Chemistry and Technology, Sapienza Universita di Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy.
| | - Alberto Cavazzini
- Dept. of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
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8
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Matheuse F, Deridder S, Desmet G. An explicit expression for the retention factor and velocity dependency of the mobile zone mass transfer band broadening in packed spheres beds used in liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1634:461710. [PMID: 33221656 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The present study proposes a ready-to-use analytical expression to calculate the mobile zone mass transfer contribution (hCm) in packed bed columns. For this purpose, first high-accuracy computations of the band broadening in a perfectly ordered sphere array (fcc-arrangement, external porosity ε=0.40) were made using computational fluid dynamics (CFD), covering a broad range of zone retention factors (2≤k''≤18) and reduced velocities (0≤νi≤48). Subsequently, these data were used to determine the value of the geometrical constants in a number of possible analytical expressions for the hCm-contribution. This fitting exercise showed the traditional literature approach, using the Wilson-Geankoplis correlation to calculate the dimensionless Sherwood (Sh) number for the mass transfer, leads to fitting errors on the hCm-term as large as 150%. Instead, a new correlation for Sh is established. In addition, we also explored the difference in fitting accuracy between hCm-expressions based on either a plug-flow or a laminar flow profile assumption. Surprisingly, no significant difference in fitting accuracy between both assumptions was observed. Finally, a best-fit analytical expression is proposed that can represent the CFD-computed band broadening data with an average absolute fitting error of Δh=0.005, corresponding to a relative error of 2.5% on the hCm-term and of only 0.3% on the total plate height in a perfectly ordered sphere packing. Defining the presently investigated fcc-ordered sphere array with external porosity=40% as the reference geometry for a perfect sphere packing, the established expression can be used as a new yardstick expression against which the degree of eddy-dispersion can be measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick Matheuse
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sander Deridder
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental Technology Lab (PETLab), KU Leuven, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
| | - Gert Desmet
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
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9
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Broeckhoven K, Desmet G. Advances and Innovations in Liquid Chromatography Stationary Phase Supports. Anal Chem 2020; 93:257-272. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Broeckhoven
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Department of Chemical Engineering (CHIS), Faculty of Engineering, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - G. Desmet
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Department of Chemical Engineering (CHIS), Faculty of Engineering, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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10
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Felletti S, De Luca C, Lievore G, Chenet T, Chankvetadze B, Farkas T, Cavazzini A, Catani M. Shedding light on mechanisms leading to convex-upward van Deemter curves on a cellulose tris(4-chloro-3-methylphenylcarbamate)-based chiral stationary phase. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1630:461532. [PMID: 32950816 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
An unusual convex-upward van Deemter curve was observed for the more retained enantiomer of a chiral sulfoxide (2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide) on a cellulose tris(4-chloro-3-methylphenylcarbamate)-based chiral stationary phase (CSP), prepared on silica particles of 1000 Å pore size. In contrast, the firstly eluted enantiomer of the same molecule exhibited the traditional convex-downward van Deemter curve. A detailed kinetic and thermodynamic investigation has revealed that this unusual phenomenon, which however has already been observed in chiral chromatography, originates when the adsorption of the compound is very strong and the solid-phase diffusion negligible. Experimentally, the intraparticle diffusion of the more retained enantiomer of the sulfoxide was found to be one order of magnitude smaller than that of the first eluted one. Overall, this translates into very little longitudinal diffusion (b-term of van Deemter curve) accompanied by high solid-liquid mass transfer resistance (c-term). Finally the comparison with another, differently-substituted chiral sulfoxide (whose enantiomers both exhibit traditional van Deemter curve behavior) has allowed to correlate these findings to the specific characteristics of the molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Felletti
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Chiara De Luca
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giulio Lievore
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Tatiana Chenet
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Bezhan Chankvetadze
- Institute of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Tbilisi State University, Chavchavadze Ave 3, 0179 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Tivadar Farkas
- Phenomenex Inc., 411 Madrid Ave., Torrance, CA 90501, United States
| | - Alberto Cavazzini
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Martina Catani
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
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11
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Gritti F, Hlushkou D, Tallarek U. Multiple-open-tubular column enabling transverse diffusion. Part 1: Band broadening model for accurate mass transfer predictions. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1625:461325. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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12
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Felletti S, De Luca C, Lievore G, Pasti L, Chenet T, Mazzoccanti G, Gasparrini F, Cavazzini A, Catani M. Investigation of mass transfer properties and kinetic performance of high‐efficiency columns packed with C
18
sub‐2 μm fully and superficially porous particles. J Sep Sci 2020; 43:1737-1745. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Felletti
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Ferrara Ferrara Italy
| | - Chiara De Luca
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Ferrara Ferrara Italy
| | - Giulio Lievore
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Ferrara Ferrara Italy
| | - Luisa Pasti
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Ferrara Ferrara Italy
| | - Tatiana Chenet
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Ferrara Ferrara Italy
| | - Giulia Mazzoccanti
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology“Sapienza” University of Rome Rome Italy
| | - Francesco Gasparrini
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology“Sapienza” University of Rome Rome Italy
| | - Alberto Cavazzini
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Ferrara Ferrara Italy
| | - Martina Catani
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Ferrara Ferrara Italy
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13
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De Luca C, Felletti S, Macis M, Cabri W, Lievore G, Chenet T, Pasti L, Morbidelli M, Cavazzini A, Catani M, Ricci A. Modeling the nonlinear behavior of a bioactive peptide in reversed-phase gradient elution chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1616:460789. [PMID: 31874699 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The thermodynamic behavior of octreotide, a cyclic octapeptide with important pharmaceutical functions, has been simulated under reversed-phase gradient elution conditions. To this end, adsorption behavior was firstly investigated in isocratic conditions, under a variety of water/acetonitrile + 0.02% (v/v) trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) mixtures as mobile phase by using a Langmuir isotherm. Organic modifier was varied in the range between 23 and 28% (v/v). Adsorption isotherms were determined by means of the so-called Inverse Method (IM) with a minimum amount of peptide. The linear solvent strength (LSS) model was used to find the correlation between isotherm parameters and mobile phase composition. This study contributes to enlarge our knowledge on the chromatographic behavior under nonlinear gradient conditions of peptides. In particular, it focuses on a cyclic octapeptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara De Luca
- Dept. of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Simona Felletti
- Dept. of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Marco Macis
- Fresenius Kabi iPSUM, via San Leonardo 23, Villadose, Rovigo 45010, Italy
| | - Walter Cabri
- Fresenius Kabi iPSUM, via San Leonardo 23, Villadose, Rovigo 45010, Italy
| | - Giulio Lievore
- Dept. of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Tatiana Chenet
- Dept. of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Luisa Pasti
- Dept. of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Massimo Morbidelli
- Dept. of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Alberto Cavazzini
- Dept. of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy.
| | - Martina Catani
- Dept. of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy.
| | - Antonio Ricci
- Fresenius Kabi iPSUM, via San Leonardo 23, Villadose, Rovigo 45010, Italy
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14
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Kaplitz AS, Kresge GA, Selover B, Horvat L, Franklin EG, Godinho JM, Grinias KM, Foster SW, Davis JJ, Grinias JP. High-Throughput and Ultrafast Liquid Chromatography. Anal Chem 2019; 92:67-84. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S. Kaplitz
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - Glenn A. Kresge
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - Benjamin Selover
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - Leah Horvat
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | | | - Justin M. Godinho
- Advanced Materials Technology, Inc., Wilmington, Delaware 19810, United States
| | - Kaitlin M. Grinias
- Analytical Platforms & Platform Modernization, GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Providence, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Samuel W. Foster
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - Joshua J. Davis
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - James P. Grinias
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
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Theoretical Analysis of Efficiency of Multi-Layer Core-Shell Stationary Phases in the High Performance Liquid Chromatography of Large Biomolecules. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24152849. [PMID: 31390734 PMCID: PMC6695945 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24152849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern analytical applications of liquid chromatography require columns with higher and higher efficiencies. In this work, the general rate model (GRM) of chromatography is used for the analysis of the efficiency of core-shell phases having two porous layers with different structures and/or surface chemistries. The solution of the GRM in the Laplace domain allows for the calculation of moments of elution curves (retention time and peak width), which are used for the analysis of the efficiency of bi-layer particles with and without a non-porous core. The results demonstrate that bi-layer structures can offer higher separation power than that of the two layers alone if the inner layer has smaller surface coverage (retentivity) and the pore size and pore diffusion of the outer layer is either equal to or higher than that of the inner layer. Even in the case of core-shell phases, there is an increase in resolution by applying the bi-layer structure; however, we can always find a mono-layer core-shell particle structure with a larger core size that provides better resolution. At the optimal core size, the resolution cannot be further improved by applying a bi-layer structure. However, in case of the most widely produced general-purpose core-shell particles, where the core is ∼70% of the particle diameter, a 15–20% gain of resolution can be obtained by using well-designed and optimized bi-layer core-shell phases.
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Dores-Sousa JL, De Vos J, Eeltink S. Resolving power in liquid chromatography: A trade-off between efficiency and analysis time. J Sep Sci 2018; 42:38-50. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- José Luís Dores-Sousa
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB); Brussels Belgium
| | - Jelle De Vos
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB); Brussels Belgium
| | - Sebastiaan Eeltink
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB); Brussels Belgium
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Blumberg LM, Desmet G. Kinetic performance factor – A measurable metric of separation-time-pressure tradeoff in liquid and gas chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1567:26-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Bobály B, Veuthey JL, Guillarme D, Fekete S. New developments and possibilities of wide-pore superficially porous particle technology applied for the liquid chromatographic analysis of therapeutic proteins. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 158:225-235. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Catani M, Felletti S, Ismail OH, Gasparrini F, Pasti L, Marchetti N, De Luca C, Costa V, Cavazzini A. New frontiers and cutting edge applications in ultra high performance liquid chromatography through latest generation superficially porous particles with particular emphasis to the field of chiral separations. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:2457-2465. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0842-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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21
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Blue LE, Franklin EG, Godinho JM, Grinias JP, Grinias KM, Lunn DB, Moore SM. Recent advances in capillary ultrahigh pressure liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1523:17-39. [PMID: 28599863 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the twenty years since its initial demonstration, capillary ultrahigh pressure liquid chromatography (UHPLC) has proven to be one of most powerful separation techniques for the analysis of complex mixtures. This review focuses on the most recent advances made since 2010 towards increasing the performance of such separations. Improvements in capillary column preparation techniques that have led to columns with unprecedented performance are described. New stationary phases and phase supports that have been reported over the past decade are detailed, with a focus on their use in capillary formats. A discussion on the instrument developments that have been required to ensure that extra-column effects do not diminish the intrinsic efficiency of these columns during analysis is also included. Finally, the impact of these capillary UHPLC topics on the field of proteomics and ways in which capillary UHPLC may continue to be applied to the separation of complex samples are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Blue
- Process Development, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA
| | - Edward G Franklin
- HPLC Research & Development, Restek Corp., Bellefonte, PA 16823, USA
| | - Justin M Godinho
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - James P Grinias
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
| | - Kaitlin M Grinias
- Department of Product Development & Supply, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, PA 19406, USA
| | - Daniel B Lunn
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Gritti F. Impact of straight, unconnected, radially-oriented, and tapered mesopores on column efficiency: A theoretical investigation. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1485:70-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Catani M, Ismail OH, Gasparrini F, Antonelli M, Pasti L, Marchetti N, Felletti S, Cavazzini A. Recent advancements and future directions of superficially porous chiral stationary phases for ultrafast high-performance enantioseparations. Analyst 2017; 142:555-566. [DOI: 10.1039/c6an02530g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on the use of superficially porous particles (SPPs) as chiral stationary phases for ultra-high performance liquid enantioseparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Catani
- Dept. of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of Ferrara
- 44121 Ferrara
- Italy
| | - Omar H. Ismail
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology
- “Sapienza” Università di Roma
- 00185 Roma
- Italy
| | - Francesco Gasparrini
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology
- “Sapienza” Università di Roma
- 00185 Roma
- Italy
| | - Michela Antonelli
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology
- “Sapienza” Università di Roma
- 00185 Roma
- Italy
| | - Luisa Pasti
- Dept. of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of Ferrara
- 44121 Ferrara
- Italy
| | - Nicola Marchetti
- Dept. of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of Ferrara
- 44121 Ferrara
- Italy
| | - Simona Felletti
- Dept. of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of Ferrara
- 44121 Ferrara
- Italy
| | - Alberto Cavazzini
- Dept. of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of Ferrara
- 44121 Ferrara
- Italy
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