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Wang J, Chen M, Zhang J, Sun X, Li N, Wang X. Dynamic membrane filtration accelerates electroactive biofilms in bioelectrochemical systems. Environ Sci Ecotechnol 2024; 20:100375. [PMID: 38283869 PMCID: PMC10821169 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2023.100375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Bioelectrochemical systems (BES) have emerged as a dual-function technology for treating wastewater and recovering energy. A vital element of BES is the rapid formation and maintenance of electroactive biofilms (EABs). Previous attempts to accelerate EAB formation and improve electroactivities focused on enhancing the bacterial adhesion process while neglecting the rate-limiting step of the bacterial transport process. Here, we introduce membrane filtration into BES, establishing a dynamic membrane filtration system that enhances overall performance. We observed that optimal membrane flux considerably reduced the startup time for EAB formation. Specifically, EABs established under a 25 L m-2 h-1 flux (EAB25 LMH) had a formation time of 43.8 ± 1.3 h, notably faster than the 51.4 ± 1.6 h in the static state (EAB0 LMH). Additionally, EAB25 LMH exhibited a significant increase in maximum current density, approximately 2.2 times higher than EAB0 LMH. Pearson correlation analysis indicated a positive relationship between current densities and biomass quantities and an inverse correlation with startup time. Microbial analysis revealed two critical findings: (i) variations in maximum current densities across different filtration conditions were associated with redox-active substances and biomass accumulation, and (ii) the incorporation of a filtration process in EAB formation enhanced the proportion of viable cells and encouraged a more diverse range of electroactive bacteria. Moreover, the novel electroactive membrane demonstrated sustained current production and effective solid-liquid separation during prolonged operation, indicating its potential as a viable alternative in membrane-based systems. This approach not only provides a new operational model for BES but also holds promise for expanding its application in future wastewater treatment solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinning Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Mei Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Jiayao Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Xinyi Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Nan Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, No. 35 Yaguan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Xin Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
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Ribeiro-Sanches MA, Martins MJN, Borges-Machado AL, de Almeida MJ, Fonseca BG, Polachini TC, Telis-Romero J. Comparative study of ultrasound application versus mechanical agitation on pork belly brining for bacon production. Meat Sci 2024; 212:109463. [PMID: 38401357 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2024.109463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Pork belly brining is a time-consuming step of bacon production that needs to be studied and enhanced through suitable technologies. In this sense, this study aimed at evaluating the impact of ultrasound (US), mechanical agitation (AG), and static brine (SB) on the kinetics of water loss (WL), solids gain (SG), and salt content (SC) of pork belly during brining under different temperatures. Mathematical models were used to estimate mass transfer rates, equilibrium parameters, and thermodynamic properties. Peleg model was chosen as the most suitable model to predict the kinetics experimental data (Radj2 ≥ 0.979 and RMSE ≤ 0.014). The increase in the brine temperature increased WL, SG, and SC for all treatments. Nonlinear effects of temperature were observed for WL, SG, and SC, following an Arrhenius-type behavior. The assistance of ultrasound significantly enhanced the velocity of WL, SG, and SC by 32-56%, while AG improved by 18-39% both compared to SB. Brining was considered an endothermic and non-spontaneous process through the thermodynamic assessment. The increase in temperature and the AG and US processes accelerated the formation of the activated complex. The application of ultrasound was considered the most suitable technology to reduce the brining time. However, significant improvements can be obtained by mechanical agitation. Therefore, both methods can be used to reduce the time processing of pork belly aiming at accelerating the bacon production process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcio Augusto Ribeiro-Sanches
- Food Engineering and Technology Department, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (Ibilce), Campus São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo 15.054-000, Brazil.
| | - Maria Júlia Neves Martins
- Food Engineering and Technology Department, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (Ibilce), Campus São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo 15.054-000, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Borges-Machado
- Food Engineering and Technology Department, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (Ibilce), Campus São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo 15.054-000, Brazil
| | - Micael José de Almeida
- Food Engineering and Technology Department, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (Ibilce), Campus São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo 15.054-000, Brazil
| | - Bruna Grassetti Fonseca
- Food Engineering and Technology Department, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (Ibilce), Campus São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo 15.054-000, Brazil
| | - Tiago Carregari Polachini
- Food Engineering and Technology Department, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (Ibilce), Campus São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo 15.054-000, Brazil
| | - Javier Telis-Romero
- Food Engineering and Technology Department, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (Ibilce), Campus São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo 15.054-000, Brazil
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Lin H, Zhou L, Lu S, Yang H, Li Y, Yang X. Occurrence and spatiotemporal distribution of natural and synthetic steroid hormones in soil, water, and sediment systems in suburban agricultural area of Guangzhou City, China. J Hazard Mater 2024; 470:134288. [PMID: 38626685 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Steroid hormones are highly potent compounds that can disrupt the endocrine systems of aquatic organisms. This study explored the spatiotemporal distribution of 49 steroid hormones in agricultural soils, ditch water, and sediment from suburban areas of Guangzhou City, China. The average concentrations of Σsteroid hormones in the water, soils, and sediment were 97.7 ng/L, 4460 ng/kg, and 9140 ng/kg, respectively. Elevated hormone concentrations were notable in water during the flood season compared to the dry season, whereas an inverse trend was observed in soils and sediment. These observations were attributed to illegal wastewater discharge during the flood season, and sediment partitioning of hormones and manure fertilization during the dry season. Correlation analysis further showed that population, precipitation, and number of slaughtered animals significantly influenced the spatial distribution of steroid hormones across various districts. Moreover, there was substantial mass transfer among the three media, with steroid hormones predominantly distributed in the sediment (60.8 %) and soils (34.4 %). Risk quotients, calculated as the measured concentration and predicted no-effect concentration, exceeded 1 at certain sites for some hormones, indicating high risks. This study reveals that the risk assessment of steroid hormones requires consideration of their spatiotemporal variability and inter-media mass transfer dynamics in agroecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Lin
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environment & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Liangzhuo Zhou
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environment & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Shudong Lu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environment & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Han Yang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environment & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Yongtao Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environment & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (South China), MOA, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Land Use and Consolidation, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Xingjian Yang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environment & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (South China), MOA, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Land Use and Consolidation, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Fang W, Zhou L, Li Y, Li H, Zhong H, Zha Y. Heat and mass transfer based on the low-temperature thermal treatment of hydrocarbons-impacted soil: A numerical simulation and sandbox validation. J Hazard Mater 2024; 469:133999. [PMID: 38493627 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Thermal treatment can be an effective method for soil remediation, and numerical models play a crucial role in elucidating the underlying processes that affect efficacy. In this study, experiments were conducted to examine the low-temperature thermal treatment for removing n-hexane and n-octane from soil. The results showed that the removal of two alkanes followed the pseudo-first-order kinetics. Additionally, a quantitative relationship between kinetics constant and temperature was established. Based on experimental results, a simple mathematical model was presented via COMSOL Multiphysics 6.0. The processes considered in the model incorporated conductive and convective heat transfer, the vaporization latent heat, and the removal of organic contaminants which was quantified using an advection-dispersion equation combined with a pseudo-first-order kinetic. The developed model was first validated by a thermal treatment in a soil column, demonstrating conformity with the measured temperature and concentration values. Subsequently, the temporal and spatial changes in soil temperature and contaminant levels were evaluated for different heating temperatures. It was found that thermal conduction dominated heat transfer, whereas thermal convection caused by the migration of liquid water intensified when the temperature was higher than the boiling point. The completion time exhibited a correlation with the heating temperature. It was predicted that the time required to achieve a 90% removal efficiency could be shortened from 14 h to 9.5 h by elevating the heating temperature from 80 ℃ to 120 ℃. The study also investigated the impact of the initial water content on heat transfer. It was observed that the saturated soil showed the slowest heating rate and the longest boiling stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Lian Zhou
- Ningbo Institute of Digital Twin, Eastern Institute of Technology, Ningbo 315200, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Haixiao Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control & Remediation, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China
| | - Hua Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China; Ningbo Institute of Digital Twin, Eastern Institute of Technology, Ningbo 315200, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Zha
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China.
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Li S, Dai C, Li J, Duan Y, Fu R, Zhang Y, Hu J, Zhou L, Wan L, Zhang Q, Zhang Z. Unlocking the power of activated carbon-mediated peracetic acid activation for efficient antibiotics abatement in groundwater: Coupling the processes of electron transfer, radical production, and adsorption. J Hazard Mater 2024; 469:133911. [PMID: 38430597 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The activation of peracetic acid (PAA) by activated carbon (AC) is a promising approach for reducing micropollutants in groundwater. However, to harness the PAA/AC system's potential and achieve sustainable and low-impact groundwater remediation, it is crucial to quantify the individual contributions of active species. In this study, we developed a combined degradation kinetic and adsorption mass transfer model to elucidate the roles of free radicals, electron transfer processes (ETP), and adsorption on the degradation of antibiotics by PAA in groundwater. Our findings reveal that ETP predominantly facilitated the activation of PAA by modified activated carbon (AC600), contributing to ∼61% of the overall degradation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX). The carbonyl group (CO) on the surface of AC600 was identified as a probable site for the ETP. Free radicals contributed to ∼39% of the degradation, while adsorption was negligible. Thermodynamic and activation energy analyses indicate that the degradation of SMX within the PAA/AC600 system requires a relatively low energy input (27.66 kJ/mol), which is within the lower range of various heterogeneous Fenton-like reactions, thus making it easily achievable. These novel insights enhance our understanding of the AC600-mediated PAA activation mechanism and lay the groundwork for developing efficient and sustainable technologies for mitigating groundwater pollution. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATION: The antibiotics in groundwater raises alarming environmental concerns. As groundwater serves as a primary source of drinking water for nearly half the global population, the development of eco-friendly technologies for antibiotic-contaminated groundwater remediation becomes imperative. The innovative PAA/AC600 system demonstrates significant efficacy in degrading micropollutants, particularly sulfonamide antibiotics. By integrating degradation kinetics and adsorption mass transfer models, this study sheds light on the intricate mechanisms involved, emphasizing the potential of carbon materials as sustainable tools in the ongoing battle for clean and safe groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Li
- College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Chaomeng Dai
- College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Jixiang Li
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200120, China.
| | - Yanping Duan
- School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, No. 100 Guilin Rd., Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Rongbing Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yalei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jiajun Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Lang Zhou
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Luochao Wan
- College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Qiming Zhang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Zhibo Zhang
- College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
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Liu L, Huang T, Yang X, Liu S, Wang S, Xiang L, Wang G, Kuai L. Microdrop-confined synthesis and regulation of porous hollow Ir-based catalysts for the mass transfer-enhanced electrolysis of pure water. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024; 69:1081-1090. [PMID: 38395652 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Maximally exploiting the active sites of iridium catalysts is essential for building low-cost proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzers for green H2 production. Herein, we report a novel microdrop-confined fusion/blasting (MCFB) strategy for fabricating porous hollow IrO1-x microspheres (IrO1-x-PHM) by introducing explosive gas mediators from a NaNO3/glucose mixture. Moreover, the developed MCFB strategy is demonstrated to be general for synthesizing a series of Ir-based composites, including Ir-Cu, Ir-Ru, Ir-Pt, Ir-Rh, Ir-Pd, and Ir-Cu-Pd and other noble metals such as Rh, Ru, and Pt. The hollow structures can be regulated using different organics with NaNO3. The assembled PEM electrolyzer with IrO1-x-PHM as the anode catalyst (0.5 mg/cm2) displays an impressive polarization voltage of 1.593 and 1.726 V at current densities of 1 and 2A/cm2, respectively, outperforming commercial IrOx catalysts and most of the ever-reported iridium catalysts with such low catalyst loading. More importantly, the breakdown of the polarization loss indicates that the improved performance is due to the facilitated mass transport induced by the hollowness. This study offers a versatile platform for fabricating efficient Ir-based catalysts for PEM electrolyzers and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Laboratory of Clean Catalytic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Production and Conversion of Green Hydrogen, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Ting Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xiaoliang Yang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Laboratory of Clean Catalytic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Production and Conversion of Green Hydrogen, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Shoujie Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Shunsheng Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Laboratory of Clean Catalytic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Production and Conversion of Green Hydrogen, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Linlin Xiang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Laboratory of Clean Catalytic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Production and Conversion of Green Hydrogen, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Gongming Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Long Kuai
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Laboratory of Clean Catalytic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Production and Conversion of Green Hydrogen, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China; Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei 230031, China.
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Vinod BR, Asrey R, Sethi S, Menaka M, Meena NK, Shivaswamy G. Recent advances in vacuum impregnation of fruits and vegetables processing: A concise review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28023. [PMID: 38576556 PMCID: PMC10990961 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Vacuum impregnation (VI) is a novel, non-thermal treatment that aims to modify the composition of food material by partially removing water and air and impregnating it with physiologically active compounds without affecting the structural integrity of food matrix. Application of VI accelerates the mass transfer processes, which leads to few changes in food composition and improves dehydration. Large volumes in intracellular spaces of fruit and vegetable tissues make it suitable to introduce different agents like nutrients, cryoprotectants, browning inhibitors, enzymes, and chemicals; enhancing texture profile and inhibiting tissue softening, or compounds lowering water activity and pH. water activity Thus, the VI may help to achieve new product quality associated with physicochemical features and sensory attributes. This review highlights the evolution and mechanism of VI technique, major factors affecting VI of fruits and vegetables and their responses to processing, and industrial relevance. Vacuum impregnation consists ability to revolutionize various aspects of food processing and preservation. VI serves as a versatile tool that enhances the quality, shelf life, and nutritional content of processed fruits and vegetables. It offers unique advantages of altering product composition by introducing desired compounds while preserving structural integrity. VI improves mass transfer processes, reduces water content, enhances the absorption of nutrients, antioxidants, and preservatives. This technology finds application in producing fortified foods, extending shelf life, and creating innovative products with improved sensory attributes. VI's ability to efficiently impregnate substances into porous materials, combined with its energy-saving potential and compatibility with other processing methods, makes it a valuable tool in the food industry. As consumers demand healthier and long-lasting products, VI emerges as a promising solution for meeting market demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- B R Vinod
- Division of Food Science & Postharvest Technology, ICAR – Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Ram Asrey
- Division of Food Science & Postharvest Technology, ICAR – Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Shruti Sethi
- Division of Food Science & Postharvest Technology, ICAR – Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - M Menaka
- Division of Food Science & Postharvest Technology, ICAR – Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Nirmal Kumar Meena
- Division of Food Science & Postharvest Technology, ICAR – Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
- Department of Fruit Science, Agriculture University, Kota, Rajasthan, 324001, India
| | - Gouthami Shivaswamy
- Division of Food Science & Postharvest Technology, ICAR – Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
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Guo Y, Gao J, Bai Y, Wang X, Xu X, Lu X, Yue J, Han M. Effect of pulsed electric field (PEF) on NaCl diffusion in beef and consequence on meat quality. Meat Sci 2024; 213:109507. [PMID: 38583336 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2024.109507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The impact of various field strength (2, 3, 4 kV/cm) and treatment time (60s and 90s) combinations on NaCl content and diffusion coefficient of beef were evaluated in the current study. Weight change, water content, water holding capacity, and texture of beef after brining were also explored. The results demonstrated pulsed electric field (PEF) pre-treatment significantly increased NaCl uptake when the brining time was 150 min (P < 0.05). The maximum NaCl content increased by 19.50% and the diffusion coefficient increased by 58.50%. Relatively mild PEF (60s) could improve beef qualities, but longer treatment time (90s) was detrimental to these qualities. Meanwhile, more complete myofibrillar structure and lower lipid oxidation extent were observed in the samples treated by PEF, contributing to the higher a* values. In conclusion, short processing time (60s) and high field strength (4 kV/cm) treatment is a potential strategy for meat brining acceleration and quality improvement in practical industrial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Guo
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahua Gao
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Bai
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Wang
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinglian Xu
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinqing Lu
- Dalian Dingtong Technology Development Co., Ltd., Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Yue
- Emin County Xinda Tongchuang Bioengineering Co., Ltd., Tacheng, People's Republic of China
| | - Minyi Han
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China; Wens Foodstuff Group Co., Ltd., Yunfu, People's Republic of China.
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Rahimzadeh A, Ein-Mozaffari F, Lohi A. Analyzing of hydrodynamic stress and mass transfer requirements of a fermentation process carried out in a coaxial bioreactor: a scale-up study. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2024:10.1007/s00449-024-02990-w. [PMID: 38557906 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-024-02990-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Fluid hydrodynamic stress has a deterministic effect on the morphology of filamentous fungi. Although the coaxial mixer has been recognized as a suitable gas dispersion system for minimizing inhomogeneities within a bioreactor, its performance for achieving enhanced oxygen transfer while operating at a reduced shear environment has not been investigated yet, specifically upon scale-up. Therefore, the influence of the impeller type, aeration rate, and central impeller retrofitting on the efficacy of an abiotic coaxial system containing a shear-thinning fluid was examined. The aim was to assess the hydrodynamic parameters, including stress, mass transfer, bubble size, and gas hold-up, upon conducting a scale-up study. The investigation was conducted through dynamic gassing-in, tomography, and computational fluid dynamics combined with population balance methods. It was observed that the coaxial bioreactor performance was strongly influenced by the agitator type. In addition, coaxial bioreactors are scalable in terms of shear environment and oxygen transfer rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Rahimzadeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Farhad Ein-Mozaffari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada.
| | - Ali Lohi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada
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Feng J, Song T, Zhang Y, Wang S, Zhang R, Huang L, Zhang C, Liu P. Synchronous removal of gaseous toluene and benzene and degradation process shifts in microbial fuel cell-biotrickling filter system. Bioresour Technol 2024; 400:130650. [PMID: 38570099 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Illustrating the biodegradation processes of multi-component volatile organic compounds (VOCs) will expedite the implication of biotechnology in purifying industrial exhaust. Here, performance shifts of microbial fuel cell and biotrickling filter combined system (MFC-BTF) are investigated for removing single and dual components of toluene and benzene. Synchronous removal of toluene (95 %) and benzene (97 %) are achieved by MFC-BTF accompanied with the output current of 0.41 mA. Elevated content of extracellular polymeric substance facilitates the mass transfer of benzene with the presence of toluene. Strains of Bacteroidota, Proteobacteria and Chloroflexi contribute to the removal of dual components VOCs. Empty bed reaction time and the VOCs concentration are the important factors influencing their dissolution in the system. The biodegradation of toluene and benzene proceeds with 2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde and o-hydroxybenzoic acid as the main intermediates. These results provide a comprehensive understanding of multi-component VOCs removal by MFC-BTF and guide the system design, optimization, and scale-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Feng
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Tianqing Song
- School of Ecology & Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yuanxin Zhang
- School of Ecology & Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- School of Ecology & Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Ruiqin Zhang
- School of Ecology & Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Long Huang
- School of Ecology & Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Changshen Zhang
- School of Ecology & Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Panpan Liu
- School of Ecology & Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China.
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11
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Li J, Wang W, Xu W, Deng Y, Lv R, Zhou J, Liu D. Evaluation of multiscale mechanisms of ultrasound-assisted extraction from porous plant materials: Experiment and modeling on this intensified process. Food Res Int 2024; 182:114034. [PMID: 38519197 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) is an intensified mass transfer process, which can utilize natural resources effectively, but still lacks detailed mechanisms for multiscale effects. This study investigates the mass transfer mechanisms of UAE combined with material's pore structure at multiscale. Porous material was prepared by roasting green coffee beans (GCB) at 120 °C (RCB120) and 180 °C (RCB180), and their UAE efficiency for phytochemicals (caffeine, trigonelline, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid) were evaluated by experiment and modeling. Besides, the physicochemical properties, mass transfer kinetics, and multi-physical field simulation were studied. Results indicated that positive synergy effects on extraction existed between ultrasound and material's pore structure. Higher mass transfer coefficients of UAE (GCB 0.16 min-1, RCB120 0.38 min-1, RCB180 0.46 min-1) was achieved with higher total porosity (4.47 %, 9.17 %, 13.52 %) and connected porosity (0 %, 3.79 %, 5.98 %). Moreover, simulation results revealed that micro acoustic streaming and pressure difference around particles were the main driving force for enhancing mass transfer, and the velocity (0.29-0.36 m/s) increased with power density (0.64-1.01 W/mL). The microscale model proved that increased yield from UAE-RCB was attributed to internal convection diffusion within particles. This study exploited a novel benefit of ultrasound on extraction and inspired its future application in non-thermal food processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaheng Li
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiashan 314100, China; The Collaborative Innovation Center for Intelligent Production Equipment of Characteristic Forest Fruits in Hilly and Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Weidong Xu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yong Deng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ruiling Lv
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Jianwei Zhou
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiashan 314100, China; School of Mechatronics and Energy Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Donghong Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiashan 314100, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462044, China; The Collaborative Innovation Center for Intelligent Production Equipment of Characteristic Forest Fruits in Hilly and Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 311300, China.
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12
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Chow CM, Persad AH, Karnik R. Effect of Membrane Permeance and System Parameters on the Removal of Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins in Hemodialysis. Ann Biomed Eng 2024; 52:526-541. [PMID: 37993752 PMCID: PMC10859350 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-023-03397-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Inadequate clearance of protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs) during dialysis is associated with morbidities in chronic kidney disease patients. The development of high-permeance membranes made from materials such as graphene raises the question whether they could enable the design of dialyzers with improved PBUT clearance. Here, we develop device-level and multi-compartment (body) system-level models that account for PBUT-albumin binding (specifically indoxyl sulfate and p-cresyl sulfate) and diffusive and convective transport of toxins to investigate how the overall membrane permeance (or area) and system parameters including flow rates and ultrafiltration affect PBUT clearance in hemodialysis. Our simulation results indicate that, in contrast to urea clearance, PBUT clearance in current dialyzers is mass-transfer limited: Assuming that the membrane resistance is dominant, raising PBUT permeance from 3 × 10-6 to 10-5 m s-1 (or equivalently, 3.3 × increase in membrane area from ~ 2 to ~ 6 m2) increases PBUT removal by 48% (from 22 to 33%, i.e., ~ 0.15 to ~ 0.22 g per session), whereas increasing dialysate flow rates or adding adsorptive species have no substantial impact on PBUT removal unless permeance is above ~ 10-5 m s-1. Our results guide the future development of membranes, dialyzers, and operational parameters that could enhance PBUT clearance and improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Man Chow
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 25 Ames St, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Aaron H Persad
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Rohit Karnik
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
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13
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Peng G, Li-Xian L, Xi L, Shuang-Fei W, Jian Z. Roles of entrapped bubbles in methanogenic granules under oscillating pressure: Respiration and embolization for intra-granular transport. Bioresour Technol 2024; 395:130356. [PMID: 38262541 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Anaerobic granular sludge plays a pivotal role in the treatment of concentrated organic wastewater. However, previous studies on intra- granular transport have generally overlooked lung-like respiration that expedites transport in response to fluctuating pressure. This study explored the activities of calcified and normal granules under simulated hydrostatic pressure oscillations. The results revealed a significant enhancement in the bioactivity of calcified granules under oscillating pressure, contrasting with the comparatively lower bioactivity observed in normal granules. The hypothesis posited that the gas pockets in calcified granules facilitated respiration as the functional structure. The presence of tiny bubbles exhibited a propensity for inducing clogging, thereby diminishing the capillary connectivity essential for substrate diffusion. The proposed respiration and embolization concepts decipher the distinct roles of entrapped bubbles in the granular bioactivity across diverse fluid states. This study offers valuable insights into the impact of fluidization on microscopic transport within granule-based bed reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan Peng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Lu Li-Xian
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Liu Xi
- Guangxi Bossco Environment Co., Ltd, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Wang Shuang-Fei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zhang Jian
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
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14
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Wei Z, Li D, Li S, Zeng H, Zhang J. Negative role of filamentous bulking and its elimination in anammox process. Bioresour Technol 2024; 395:130336. [PMID: 38237642 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the filamentous bulking (FB) with moderate and excessive levels were demonstrated to induce anammox failure by inhibiting nitrogen (N) removal and biomass retention. The low external mass transfer resulted from high liquid-surface friction and low turbulence of filamentous surface was considered the "trigger" of anammox failure, which decreased flux of nitrogen flow toward granular surface and directly limited N-removal loading, which meanwhile exposed granules with N-scarcity environment and indirectly inhibited N-removal bio-activity. Low bio-activity performed poor extracellular polymeric substances secretion further destroyed bio-aggregation with low suface hydrophobicity, which acted as "accelerator" for granule disintegration and biomass washout, ultimatly leading to anammox failure. Fortunately, incresing hydraulic shear stress could eradicate FB's negative effects without inhibiting FB itself, which promoted re-granulation and N-remval restore by enhancing external mass transfer more than hydraulic detachment. Enhancing mechanical stirring with FB level was necessary to maintain stable operation of granular anammox system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqing Wei
- Key Laboratory of Water Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Dong Li
- Key Laboratory of Water Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Shuai Li
- Key Laboratory of Water Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Huiping Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Water Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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15
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Bhandari A. Bio-convective maxwell ferrofluid flow over a flexible spinning surface. Med Eng Phys 2024; 125:104123. [PMID: 38508794 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2024.104123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The current research findings will have potential applications in the development of drug-targeted and self-sterilizing technologies. This research investigates the bio-convective flow of Maxwell ferrofluid over a flexible spinning plate in the presence of a stationary magnetic field in this paper. This theoretical model is based on the CattaneoChristov theories, the Buongiorno microorganism model, and the Shliomis model, and it is solved using the finite element technique. Using the Galerkin weighted residual approach in COMSOL Multiphysics, the non-dimensional equations of this Maxwell ferrofluid model are numerically solved. The concentration and motility of the organism decrease with an increase in the ferromagnetic interaction number, concentration relaxation time parameter, Lewis number, and stretching parameter. In addition to increasing local heat transfer, local mass transfer, and local density of microorganisms, the ferromagnetic interaction number lowers the stress on the surface of the disk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Bhandari
- Department of Mathematics, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Energy Acres Building, Bidholi, Dehradun- 248007, Uttarakhand, India.
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16
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Cao Y, Taghvaie Nakhjiri A, Ghadiri M. Numerical evaluation of sweeping gas membrane distillation for desalination of water towards water sustainability and environmental protection. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4340. [PMID: 38383602 PMCID: PMC10881985 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54061-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Sweeping gas membrane distillation (SGMD) is considered a membrane distillation configuration. It uses an air stream to collect the water vapour. A 2D mathematical model is prepared in the current study to predict the effect of various operating parameters on the SGMD performance. Also, the temperature distribution in the SGMD was obtained. The effect of air inlet temperature, salt concentration, feed and air flowrate on air and salted solution outlet temperature and vapour flux through the membrane is investigated. There was good agreement between experimental data and modelling outputs. It was found that increase in air inlet temperature from 40 to 72 °C was increased the outlet temperature of air stream and cold solution from 37 to 63 °C and 38 to 65 °C respectively. Furthermore, increase in air inlet temperature led to the enhancement of vapour flux in the membrane distillation. Also, the salt concentration and feed flow rate did not have meaningful influence on the outlet temperatures, however, the flux was increased by increasing feed flowrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cao
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Ali Taghvaie Nakhjiri
- Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Ghadiri
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam.
- The Faculty of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam.
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17
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Gutierrez-Reyna SO, Herrera-Hernández EC, Aguilar-Madera CG, López-Ramón MV, Ocampo-Perez R, Parra-Marfil A, Garcia-Hernandez E, Bailon-Garcia E. New trends in modelling of breakthrough curves to remove pollutants using adsorption on advanced monoliths geometries. Environ Res 2024; 243:117871. [PMID: 38086499 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
This work proposes a rigorous mathematical model capable of reproducing the adsorption process in dynamic regime on advanced monoliths geometries. For this, four bed geometries with axisymmetric distribution of channels and similar solid mass were proposed. In each geometry a different distribution of channels was suggested, maintaining constant the bed dimensions of 15 cm high and 5 cm radius. The mathematical modeling includes mass and momentum transfer phenomena, and it was solved with the COMSOL Multiphysics software using mass transfer parameters published in the literature. The overall performance of the column was evaluated in terms of breakthrough (CA/CA0 = 0.1) and saturation times (CA/CA0 = 0.9). The mass and velocity distributions obtained from the proposed model show good physical consistency with what is expected in real systems. In addition, the model proved to be easy to solve given the short convergence times required (2-4 h). Modifications were made to the bed geometry to achieve a better use of the adsorbent material which reached up to 80%. The proposed bed geometries allow obtaining different mixing distributions, in such a way that inside the bed a thinning of the boundary layer is caused, thus reducing diffusive effects at the adsorbent solid-fluid interface, given dissipation rates of about 323 × 10-11 m2/s3. The bed geometry composed of intersecting rings deployed the best performance in terms of usage of the material adsorbent, and acceptable hydrodynamical behavior inside the channels (maximum fluid velocity = 35.4 × 10-5 m/s and drop pressure = 0.19 Pa). Based on these results, it was found that it is possible to reduce diffusional effects and delimit the mass transfer zone inside the monoliths, thus increasing the efficiency of adsorbent fixed beds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saul O Gutierrez-Reyna
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, 78260, Mexico
| | - E C Herrera-Hernández
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, 78260, Mexico
| | - Carlos G Aguilar-Madera
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias de la Tierra, Carretera a Cerro Prieto Km 8, Ex-Hacienda de Guadalupe, 67700, Linares, Mexico
| | - M Victoria López-Ramón
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - Raul Ocampo-Perez
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, 78260, Mexico.
| | - Adriana Parra-Marfil
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, 78260, Mexico; Grupo de Investigación en Materiales del Carbón, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Campus Fuente Nueva s/n., 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Elias Garcia-Hernandez
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, 78260, Mexico
| | - Esther Bailon-Garcia
- Grupo de Investigación en Materiales del Carbón, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Campus Fuente Nueva s/n., 18071, Granada, Spain
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18
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Zhang C, Teng C, Guo S, Sun Y, Yu C, Jin X, Liu K, Jiang L. Superaerophilic/Superaerophobic NiFe-LDHs Electrode for Enhancing Overall Water Splitting in Alkaline Media. Nano Lett 2024; 24:1959-1966. [PMID: 38294858 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Overall water splitting, as a critical approach to producing green hydrogen, is greatly impeded by the mass transfer of gaseous bubbles and dissolved gas molecules. Herein, a bifunctional superaerophilic/superaerophobic (SAL/SAB) NiFe layered-double-hydroxides (LDHs) electrode has been developed, which can drive H2 and O2 bubbles out of the reaction system by asymmetric Laplace pressure and accelerate dissolved gases diffusion through reducing their diffusion distance. Consequently, the SAL/SAB NiFe-LDHs electrode exhibits excellent HER activity with an overpotential of -76 mV at -10 mA cm-2 and outstanding oxygen evolution reaction activity with an overpotential of 253 mV at 100 mA cm-2. The bifunctional SAL/SAB NiFe-LDHs electrode is further utilized in overall water splitting, which can achieve 10 mA cm-2 with a cell voltage of 1.54 V. This work provides an efficient strategy to improve the efficiency of overall water splitting and can stimulate new electrode design in various gas-involved processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Chao Teng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Shihao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yingjia Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Cunming Yu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xu Jin
- Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Kesong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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Zhou X, Kang L, Wang X, Meng H. A novel method for assessing indoor di 2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) contamination and exposure based on dust-phase concentration. Chemosphere 2024; 349:140994. [PMID: 38141675 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates (PAEs) are a group of typical semivolatile organic compounds that are widely present in indoor environments with multiple phases. Indoor air, airborne particle and settled dust are considered to be typical indicators of PAE contamination as well as media of human exposure, and the interactions between them are complex. Among various phthalate compounds, di 2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) was identified as the predominant individual phthalate in settled dust. The existing DEHP contamination assessment requires multiphase sampling or solving the dynamic mass transfer models with multiple partial differential equations, which are both complicated and time-consuming. This study investigated the influence of the indoor source loading rate, surface type, particle size and cleaning frequency on the partitioning between the settled dust-phase, airborne particle-phase and gas-phase. The concentration correlations of DEHP between multiphases were consequently derived, which balance accuracy and complexity well. By comparison with field sampling data in the literatures, the rationality and accuracy of the concentration correlations were validated. Based on the concentration correlations, a new method of directly using dust-phase concentration to estimate the non-dietary exposure to DEHP was proposed. The results indicated that ingestion of settled dust contributes the most to non-dietary exposure. Special attention should be given to infants and toddlers, who suffer the highest daily exposure to DEHP among all age groups. This study provides a new and efficient solution for estimating indoor DEHP pollution loads conveniently and rapidly, offering valuable insights for future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Zhou
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Lingyi Kang
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Xinke Wang
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China.
| | - Hui Meng
- Higher Engineering Education Museum, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
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20
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Morales-García SS, Pérez-Escamilla PDA, Sujitha SB, Godwyn-Paulson P, Zúñiga-Cabezas AF, Jonathan MP. Geochemical elements in suspended particulate matter of Ensenada de La Paz Lagoon, Baja California Peninsula, Mexico: Sources, distribution, mass balance and ecotoxicological risks. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 136:422-436. [PMID: 37923452 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate multi-element concentrations (Al, As, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sr) in suspended particulate material (SPM) collected from Ensenada de La Paz (ELP) lagoon, Baja California Sur, Mexico in two different periods (September and May) to comprehend their origin, geochemical behavior, mass transfer and associated ecotoxicological risks. The 24 hr variation coefficient of volumetric SPM levels were found to be 51.7% in September and 40.5% in May, signifying the effects of oceanic waters. The calculated enrichment factor (EF) values for all the studied elements were of higher magnitude because of the high surface area and oxide nature of SPM, and in this study, Mo had the highest EF of 46.77 probably due to its origin from continental weathering. From the ecotoxicological perspective, the integrated toxic risk index revealed low toxic risk to the benthic community. However, the mean-ERM-Quotient calculated using the particulate concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb indicated 9% probability of toxicity to biota. The comprehensive geochemical and ecotoxicological assessment of particulate metal concentrations in the ELP lagoon signify low to moderate contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Soledad Morales-García
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Centro Mexicano para la Producción más Limpia (CMPL), Av. Acueducto s/n, Col. Barrio la Laguna Ticomán, Del Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07340, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Pilar de Acacia Pérez-Escamilla
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Centro Mexicano para la Producción más Limpia (CMPL), Av. Acueducto s/n, Col. Barrio la Laguna Ticomán, Del Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07340, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Suresh Babu Sujitha
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Arquitectura (ESIA), Unidad Ticomán, Calz. Ticomán 600, Delg. Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07340, Ciudad de México (CDMX), Mexico
| | - Pichaimani Godwyn-Paulson
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Arquitectura (ESIA), Unidad Ticomán, Calz. Ticomán 600, Delg. Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07340, Ciudad de México (CDMX), Mexico; Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo (CIIEMAD), Calle 30 de Junio de 1520, Barrio la Laguna Ticomán, Del. Gustavo A. Madero, C.P.07340, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Andrés Felipe Zúñiga-Cabezas
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Centro Mexicano para la Producción más Limpia (CMPL), Av. Acueducto s/n, Col. Barrio la Laguna Ticomán, Del Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07340, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Muthuswamy Ponniah Jonathan
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo (CIIEMAD), Calle 30 de Junio de 1520, Barrio la Laguna Ticomán, Del. Gustavo A. Madero, C.P.07340, Ciudad de México, México
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21
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Wang YS, Huo TR, Wang Y, Bai JW, Huang PP, Li C, Deng SY, Mei H, Qian J, Zhang XC, Ding C, Zhang QY, Wang WK. Constructing mesoporous biochar derived from waste carton: Improving multi-site adsorption of dye wastewater and investigating mechanism. Environ Res 2024; 242:117775. [PMID: 38029815 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The development of cost-efficient biochar adsorbent with a simple preparation method is essential to constructing efficient wastewater treatment system. Here, a low-cost waste carton biochar (WCB) prepared by a simple two-step carbonization was applied in efficiently removing Rhodamine B (RhB) in aqueous environment. The maximum ability of WCB for RhB adsorption was 222 mg/g, 6 and 10 times higher than both of rice straw biochar (RSB) and broadbean shell biochar (BSB), respectively. It was mainly ascribed to the mesopore structure (3.0-20.4 nm) of WCB possessing more spatial sites compared to RSB (2.2 nm) and BSB (2.4 nm) for RhB (1.4 nm✕1.1 nm✕0.6 nm) adsorption. Furthermore, external mass transfer (EMT) controlled mass transfer resistance (MTR) of the RhB sorption process by WCB which was fitted with the Langmuir model well. Meanwhile, the adsorption process was dominated by physisorption through van der Waals forces and π-π interactions. A mixture of three dyes in river water was well removed by using WCB. This work provides a straightforward method of preparing mesoporous biochar derived from waste carton with high-adsorption capacity for dye wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Shan Wang
- School of Geographic Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, 226007, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Tong-Rong Huo
- School of Geographic Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, 226007, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater and Environmental Treatment, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Jia-Wen Bai
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Ping-Ping Huang
- School of Geographic Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, 226007, China
| | - Chen Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater and Environmental Treatment, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Shi-Yu Deng
- School of Geographic Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, 226007, China
| | - Hong Mei
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater and Environmental Treatment, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Jun Qian
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater and Environmental Treatment, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Xiao-Chi Zhang
- School of Geographic Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, 226007, China
| | - Chen Ding
- School of Geographic Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, 226007, China
| | - Qiu-Yu Zhang
- School of Geographic Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, 226007, China
| | - Wei-Kang Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
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22
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Di Y, Gu Z, Kang Y, Tian J, Hu C. Enhanced oxidation of organic pollutants by regulating the interior reaction region of reactive electrochemical membranes. J Hazard Mater 2024; 466:133584. [PMID: 38286047 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Reactive electrochemical membrane (REM) emerges as an attractive strategy for the elimination of refractory organic pollutants that exist in wastewater. However, the limited reaction sites in traditional REMs greatly hinder its practical application. Herein, a feed-through coating methodology was developed to realize the uniform loading of SnO2-Sb catalysts on the interior surface of a REM. The uniformly coated REM (Unif-REM) exhibited 2.4 times higher reaction kinetics (0.29 min-1) than that of surface coated REM (Surf-REM) for the degradation of 2 mM 4-chlorophenol (4-CP), rendering an energy consumption as low as 0.016 kWh gTOC-1. The fast degradation of various emerging contaminants, e.g., sulfamethoxazole (SMX), ofloxacin (OFLX), and tetracycline (TC), also confirms its superior oxidation capability. Besides, the Unif-REM exhibited good performance in generating hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and a relatively long service lifetime. The simulation of spatial current distribution demonstrates that the interior reaction region in the Unif-REM channels can be drastically extended, thereby maximizing the surface coupling of mass diffusion and electron transfer. This study offers an in-depth look at the spatially confined reactions in REM and provides a reference for the design of electrochemical systems with economically efficient water purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Di
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Zhenao Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Yuyang Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiayu Tian
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China.
| | - Chengzhi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
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23
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Fialová P, Šverclová K, Grabicová K, Grabic R, Švecová H, Nováková P, Vrana B. Performance comparison of three passive samplers for monitoring of polar organic contaminants in treated municipal wastewater. Sci Total Environ 2024; 908:168153. [PMID: 37914129 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decades, several types of passive samplers have been developed and used to monitor polar organic compounds in aquatic environments. These samplers use different sorbents and barriers to control the uptake into the sampler, but their performance comparison is usually not well investigated. This study aimed to directly compare the performance of three samplers, i.e., the Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Sampler (POCIS), the Hydrogel-based Passive Sampler (HPS, an upscaled version of o-DGT), and the Speedisk, on a diverse suite of pharmaceuticals, per- and polyfluoroalkylated substances (PFAS), and pesticides and their metabolites. The samplers were deployed side-by-side in the treated effluent of a municipal wastewater treatment plant for different exposure times. All samplers accumulated a comparable number of compounds, and integrative uptake was observed for most compounds detected up to 28 days for POCIS, up to 14 days for HPS, and up to 42 days for Speedisk. In the integrative uptake phase, consistent surface-specific uptake was observed with a significant correlation between samplers (r ≥ 0.76) despite differences in sampler construction, diffusion barrier, and sorbent material used. The low sampling rates compared to the literature and the low estimated overall mass transfer coefficient suggests that the water boundary layer was the main barrier controlling the uptake for all samplers. Although all devices provided comparable performance, Speedisk overcomes POCIS and HPS in several criteria, including time-integrative sampling over a long period and physical durability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavla Fialová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno 61137, Czech Republic; University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 38925 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Šverclová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno 61137, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Grabicová
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 38925 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Grabic
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 38925 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Švecová
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 38925 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Nováková
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 38925 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Branislav Vrana
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno 61137, Czech Republic.
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24
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Wang X, Yan X, Min Q. Mass transfer of microbubble in liquid under multifrequency acoustic excitation - A theoretical study. Ultrason Sonochem 2024; 102:106760. [PMID: 38199078 PMCID: PMC10788794 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Microbubble's mass transfer under external acoustic excitation holds immense potential across various technological fields. However, the current state of acoustic technology faces limitations due to inadequate control over bubble size in liquids under external excitation. Here, we conducted numerical investigations of the mass transfer behavior of microbubbles in liquids under multifrequency acoustic excitations with different frequencies (in the MHz range), pressure amplitudes (in the range of several atmospheric pressures), and amplitude ratios. We identified various pressure threshold regions for the growth of gas bubbles (radii range from a few microns to tens of microns) and observed common intersections between single and multifrequency excitations that enable effective control of the growth intervals and final size of bubbles by adjusting the ratio of pressure amplitude and frequency value. Allocating power to the lower frequency component of multifrequency acoustic excitation is recommended to facilitate mass transfer or diffusion, as small-frequency acoustic excitation has a more significant effect than the higher frequency in the growth region. Our study provides a better understanding of the dynamics of bubbles under complex excitations and has practical implications for developing methods to control and promote bubble-related processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Reactor Engineering and Safety of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Beijing 100084, China; Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Xiao Yan
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Qi Min
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Reactor Engineering and Safety of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Beijing 100084, China.
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25
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Sembada AA, Fukuhara T, Suzuki T, Lenggoro IW. Stem cutting: A novel introduction site for transporting water-insoluble particles into tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seedlings. Plant Physiol Biochem 2024; 206:108297. [PMID: 38154295 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of exogenous particles into plants has promising applications in agriculture and biotechnology. Nanoparticles can be transported into plants through foliar application or root uptake. However, both methods have limitations in terms of the size of the particles (<40 nm) that can be transported due to the barriers of the cell wall and cuticle. In the present study, we proposed a novel method to deliver particles of up to 110 nm into plants by cutting the stem of tomato seedlings. We demonstrated for the first time, using water-insoluble silica colloids, that not only nanoparticles but also submicron particles can be transported toward the leaves when the plant stem is used as the entry point of particles. Thirty-five-day-old tomato seedlings were used as the target plants. When the cut stem seedlings were immersed in the colloidal particle suspension for up to 24 h, significant particle accumulation was observed in the nodes and leaves. The relatively low particle concentrations (10 mg/L) allowed effective transport throughout the plants. Silica particles with average diameters of 10 nm and 110 nm were both well transported and moved through the stem. Even after the particles entered the plant, adventitious roots were formed, resulting in the formation of whole plants with roots, stems, and leaves. This method can be applied not only to tomatoes but also to other food crops for various applications in plant biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Awal Sembada
- Chemical Engineering Program, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan; School of Life Sciences and Technology, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jalan Ganeca 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Toshiyuki Fukuhara
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, TUAT, 3-5-8 Saiwaicho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Takeshi Suzuki
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications & Systems Engineering, TUAT, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - I Wuled Lenggoro
- Chemical Engineering Program, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan; Graduate School of Bio-Applications & Systems Engineering, TUAT, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan; Department of Applied Physics and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, TUAT, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan.
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26
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Guo L, Zhang X, Guo Y, Chen Z, Ma H. Evaluation of ultrasonic-assisted pickling with different frequencies on NaCl transport, impedance properties, and microstructure in pork. Food Chem 2024; 430:137003. [PMID: 37562265 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
The effects of ultrasonic curing with various frequencies on sodium chloride (NaCl) mass transfer in pork muscle and its potential mechanisms were investigated. The results showed that ultrasound curing dramatically increased the NaCl content in pork compared to static curing, especially curing at 26.8 kHz. The binarized images of NaCl penetration in pork visually confirmed that ultrasound enhanced the efficiency of mass transfer. Energy dispersive spectroscopy showed that the distribution of NaCl in pork tissue cured by ultrasound was the densest compared to the static curing. According to impedance analysis and microstructure observation, the structure of cell membranes was damaged to different extents during ultrasound treatments. The potential mechanisms of low-frequency ultrasound accelerated curing are mainly attributed to the action of acoustic cavitation and the sponge effect. Overall, the low-frequency ultrasound is a promising revolutionary technology in the food industry that can speed up the curing process of meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xinyan Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yiting Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Zhongyuan Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Haile Ma
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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27
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Todrin AF, Kovalenko IF, Smolyaninova YI, Timofeyeva OV, Popivnenko LI, Gordiyenko OI. Determination of cell membrane permeability coefficients: Comparison of models in the case of oocytes. Cryobiology 2023; 113:104789. [PMID: 37924929 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2023.104789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Values of cell membranes permeability coefficients for water and molecules of cryoprotective agents (CPAs) are the necessary characteristics for developing physical-mathematical models describing mass transfer processes through cell membranes in order to predict optimal cell cooling rates. We carried out a comparative analysis of the permeability coefficients of mouse oocyte membranes for molecules of water, ethylene glycol (EG), propane-1,2-diol (1,2-PD) and dimethyl sulfoxide (Me2SO), determined by applying the classical Kedem-Katchalsky model, which considers only the penetration of non-electrolyte molecules (water and CPA) through the membrane, and the model developed by us, which takes into account the transmembrane transfer of ions and the associated changes in the transmembrane electric potential. We shown that calculations based on the developed modified model provide lower values of the permeability coefficients of the oocyte membrane for water and CPA molecules. What is important that the obtained by our modified model permeability coefficients for water molecules do not depend on the type of cryoprotectant, while the application of the classical model both in our studies and works of other authors always gave different values of these coefficients in solutions with different cryoprotectants. Our modified model also makes it possible to determine the dynamics of the transmembrane electric potential of the cell under the conditions of transmembrane mass transfer and the duration of the membrane being influenced by the changes in electric potential, that is a parameter that can directly affect the viability of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F Todrin
- Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 23, Pereyaslavskaya str., 61016, Kharkiv, Ukraine.
| | - I F Kovalenko
- Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 23, Pereyaslavskaya str., 61016, Kharkiv, Ukraine.
| | - Ye I Smolyaninova
- Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 23, Pereyaslavskaya str., 61016, Kharkiv, Ukraine.
| | - O V Timofeyeva
- Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 23, Pereyaslavskaya str., 61016, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - L I Popivnenko
- Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 23, Pereyaslavskaya str., 61016, Kharkiv, Ukraine.
| | - O I Gordiyenko
- Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 23, Pereyaslavskaya str., 61016, Kharkiv, Ukraine.
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28
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Hakizimana I, Zhao X, Wang C, Zhang C. Efficient multi-stage electrochemical flow-through system for refractory organic pollutant treatment: Kinetics, mass transfer, and thermodynamic analysis. Chemosphere 2023; 344:140405. [PMID: 37827465 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Improving the kinetics rate and mass transfer is essential for expanding the potential of electrochemical technologies in wastewater treatment. The electrochemical flow-through configuration promises a high oxidation efficiency and low energy consumption. We aimed to provide a thorough understanding of the enhanced kinetics, mass transfer, and thermodynamic parameters during the degradation of amoxicillin (AMX) in a multi-stage flow-through (MSFT) system using porous Ti-ENTA/SnO2-Sb anodes. All operating conditions strongly influenced the kinetics of AMX degradation and followed pseudo-first-order rate kinetic model (R2 > 0.85), with the highest kobs of 0.228 min-1 at high temperature (318 K). In comparison to the flow-by mode, the AMX removal rate in the three-stage flow-through mode was greatly enhanced by 70%, exhibiting the superior capacity of a porous anode. This system exhibited outstanding performance regarding the high kinetics rate and mass transfer rate (km), which increased by factors of 3.46 and 10.74, respectively, obtained in the flow-by mode. It also revealed that •OH generation was 5.64 times higher, and the EE/O was 19.89-fold lower than those in flow-by mode. Temperature plays a vital role in the reaction process, and thermodynamic features found the positive enthalpy (ΔHo) of +27.06 kJ mol-1, signifying the process was endothermic. A Hatta number (Ha) of >0.02 at all temperatures proved this finding, confirming an undeniable role in mass transfer. Finally, these findings reveal the system's performance and offer the possibility of establishing a multi-stage flow-through for wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel Hakizimana
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Xin Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China.
| | - Can Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Cong Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
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29
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Wang S, Wang J, Gui Z, Liu L, Xu S, Guo Y, Zhou T, Cao J, Gao R, Xie F, He A, Luo H. Model construction and theoretical evaluation of the performance improvement of acetone-butanol-ethanol extractive fermentation by adding surfactant. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023; 46:1837-1845. [PMID: 37924351 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02942-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Severe butanol toxicity to the metabolism of solventogenic clostridia significantly impede the application of fermentative butanol as a biofuel. Liquid-liquid extraction is an efficient method to reduce the butanol toxicity by in-situ removing it in the extractant phase. Butanol mass transfer into extractant phase in static acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) extractive fermentation with biodiesel as the extractant could be enhanced by adding a tiny amount of surfactant such as tween-80. In the case of corn-based ABE extractive fermentation by Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 using biodiesel originated from waste cooking oil as extractant, addition of 0.14% (w/v) tween-80 could increase butanol production in biodiesel and total solvents production by 21% and 17%, respectively, compared to those of control under non-surfactant existence. Furthermore, a mathematical model was developed to elucidate the mechanism of enhanced ABE extractive fermentation performance. The results indicated that the mass transfer improvement was obtained by effectively altering the physical properties of the self-generated bubbles during ABE extractive fermentation, such as reducing bubble size and extending its retention time in extractant phase, etc. Overall, this study provided an efficient approach for enhancing biobutanol production by integration of bioprocess optimization and model interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Agricultural Green and Low Carbon Production Technology Engineering Research Center, School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, China
| | - Jiabin Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Agricultural Green and Low Carbon Production Technology Engineering Research Center, School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, China
| | - Zheng Gui
- Jiangsu Provincial Agricultural Green and Low Carbon Production Technology Engineering Research Center, School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, China
| | - Lina Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Agricultural Green and Low Carbon Production Technology Engineering Research Center, School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, China
| | - Shuo Xu
- Jiangsu Provincial Agricultural Green and Low Carbon Production Technology Engineering Research Center, School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, China
| | - Yufen Guo
- Jiangsu Provincial Agricultural Green and Low Carbon Production Technology Engineering Research Center, School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, China
| | - Tairan Zhou
- Jiangsu Provincial Agricultural Green and Low Carbon Production Technology Engineering Research Center, School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, China
| | - Jin Cao
- Jiangsu Provincial Agricultural Green and Low Carbon Production Technology Engineering Research Center, School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, China
| | - Ruihong Gao
- Jiangsu Provincial Agricultural Green and Low Carbon Production Technology Engineering Research Center, School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, China
| | - Fang Xie
- Jiangsu Provincial Agricultural Green and Low Carbon Production Technology Engineering Research Center, School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, China
| | - Aiyong He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-Based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, 223300, China
| | - Hongzhen Luo
- Jiangsu Provincial Agricultural Green and Low Carbon Production Technology Engineering Research Center, School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, China.
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Sakhaei A, Zamir SM, Rene ER, Veiga MC, Kennes C. Neural network-based performance assessment of one- and two-liquid phase biotrickling filters for the removal of a waste-gas mixture containing methanol, α-pinene, and hydrogen sulfide. Environ Res 2023; 237:116978. [PMID: 37633629 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
The performance of one- and two-liquid phase biotrickling filters (OLP/TLP-BTFs) treating a mixture of gas-phase methanol (M), α-pinene (P), and hydrogen sulfide (H) was assessed using artificial neural network (ANN) modeling. The best ANN models with the topologies 3-9-3 and 3-10-3 demonstrated an exceptional capacity for predicting the performance of O/TLP-BTFs, with R2 > 99%. The analysis of causal index (CI) values for the model of OLP-BTF revealed a negative impact of M on P removal (CI = -2.367), a positive influence of P and H on M removal (CI = +7.536 and CI = +3.931) and a negative effect of H on P removal (CI = -1.640). The addition of silicone oil in TLP-BTF reduced the negative impact of M and H on P degradation (CI = -1.261 and CI = -1.310, respectively) compared to the OLP-BTF. These findings suggested that silicone oil had the potential to improve P availability to the biofilm by increasing the concentration gradient of P between the air/gas and aqueous phases. Multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) suggested an optimum operational condition, i.e. inlet M, P, and H concentrations of 1.0, 1.1, and 0.3 g m-3, respectively, with elimination capacities (ECs) of 172.1, 26.5, and 0.025 g m-3 h-1 for OLP-BTF. Likewise, one of the optimum operational conditions for TLP-BTF is achievable at inlet concentrations of 4.9, 1.7, and 0.8 g m-3, leading to the optimum ECs of 299.7, 52.9, and 0.072 g m-3 h-1 for M, P, and H, respectively. These results provide important insights into the treatment of complex waste gas mixtures, addressing the interactions between the pollutant removal characteristics in OLP/TLP-BTFs and providing novel approaches in the field of biological waste gas treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirmohammad Sakhaei
- Biochemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, P.O. Box 14115-114, Iran
| | - Seyed Morteza Zamir
- Biochemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, P.O. Box 14115-114, Iran.
| | - Eldon R Rene
- Department of Water Supply, Sanitation and Environmental Engineering, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, P. O. Box 3015, 2611AX, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - María C Veiga
- Chemical Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Centre for Advanced Scientific Research - Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), BIOENGIN Group, University of La Coruña, E - 15008, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Christian Kennes
- Chemical Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Centre for Advanced Scientific Research - Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), BIOENGIN Group, University of La Coruña, E - 15008, A Coruña, Spain
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Yang P, Gao Y, Wang N, Zhu Y, Xue L, Han Y, Liu J, He W, Feng Y. The restricted mass transfer inside the anode pore channel affects the electroactive biofilms formation, community composition and the power production in microbial electrochemical systems. Sci Total Environ 2023; 898:165448. [PMID: 37442459 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Porous anodes improve system performance in microbial electrochemical systems by increasing the specific surface area for electroactive bacteria. In this study, multilayer anodes with different pore diameters were constructed to assess the impact of pore size and depth on anode performance. This layered structure makes detecting electroactive biofilms more accessible layer by layer, which is the first study to examine electroactive biofilms' molecular biology and electrochemical properties at different depths in pores with varied pore sizes. The millimeter-scale pores inside the bioanode have a limited effect in increasing power. The larger the pore diameter, the higher the maximum power density (Pmax) obtained. The Pmax of anodes with 4 mm pore (1.91 ± 0.15 W m-2) was 1.4 times higher than that of the non-perforated (1.37 ± 0.07 W m-2) and 0.5 mm pore anodes (1.39 ± 0.04 W m-2). Electricigens can colonize into pore channels for at least 10 mm with a pore diameter ≥3 mm and current densities >0.05 A m-2. However, in the pores channel with 0.5 mm diameter, electricigens can only colonize to a depth of 2 mm. The biofilm thickness, electricity output, metabolic activity, and biocommunity changed with pore depth and were restricted by the limited mass transfer. The Geobacter sp. was the dominant species in inter-pore biofilms, with 43.8 %-78.6 % in abundance and decreased in quantity as pore depth increased. The inter-pore biofilms on the outer layer contributed a current density of 0.17 ± 0.003 A m-2, while that of the inner layer was only 0.02 ± 0.01 A m-2. Further studies found that the pore edge mass transfer effect can contribute up to 75 % of the current. The mass transfer process at the pore edge region could be a multidirectional mass transfer rather than a pore channel mass transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinpin Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Academy of Ecology and Environment, Tianjin University, No 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, 300072 Tianjin, China
| | - Yaqian Gao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Academy of Ecology and Environment, Tianjin University, No 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, 300072 Tianjin, China
| | - Naiyu Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Academy of Ecology and Environment, Tianjin University, No 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, 300072 Tianjin, China
| | - Yujie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Lefei Xue
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Academy of Ecology and Environment, Tianjin University, No 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, 300072 Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Han
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Academy of Ecology and Environment, Tianjin University, No 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, 300072 Tianjin, China
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Academy of Ecology and Environment, Tianjin University, No 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, 300072 Tianjin, China
| | - Weihua He
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Yujie Feng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Academy of Ecology and Environment, Tianjin University, No 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, 300072 Tianjin, China
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32
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Xiao H, Song Y, Chen J, Ma H, Wang L, Xiang Y, Shao L. Integrated high-gravity process for HCl removal and CO 2 capture using carbide slag slurry in a rotor-stator reactor: Experimental and modeling studies. Chemosphere 2023; 340:139848. [PMID: 37595693 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of flue gas containing HCl and CO2 has garnered significant attention. This study proposes an integrated high-gravity process based on a rotor-stator reactor (RSR) for HCl removal and CO2 capture through mineralization using carbide slag slurry (CSS), an industrial waste. Experimental and modeling studies were conducted to investigate the absorption performance and mass-transfer mechanism. Considering the properties of CSS, Ca(OH)2 slurry was used to simulate CSS for HCl and CO2 absorption in the RSR. The influences of solid content, rotational speed, gas flow rate, and liquid flow rate were investigated, resulting in HCl and CO2 absorption efficiencies of 87.3%-98.9% and 33.8%-65.7%, respectively. Two mechanistic mass-transfer models were established based on surface renewal theory and penetration theory, respectively, to depict the process. The predicted values aligned well with the experimental results, with deviations generally less than 25%. The study further explored the absorption of HCl and CO2 using an actual CSS operated in recycle in the RSR and investigated the characteristics of the solids in fresh and carbonated CSS using XRD, TGA, and SEM. The results indicated that the actual CSS had excellent absorption performance, generally consistent with Ca(OH)2 slurry, and that Ca(OH)2 in CSS was almost completely converted to CaCO3 (calcite).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xiao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yunhua Song
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jianming Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Hao Ma
- Befar Group Co., Ltd., Binzhou, Shandong, 256600, China
| | - Li Wang
- Befar Group Co., Ltd., Binzhou, Shandong, 256600, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Lei Shao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Miyagawa A, Takahashi T, Kuzure Y, Iwamoto H, Arai T, Nagatomo S, Watanabe S, Sano Y, Nakatani K. Eu(III) transfer in single N,N,N',N'-tetraoctyldiglycolamide-impregnated polymer-coated silica particle using fluorescence microspectroscopy: transfer mechanism and effect of polymer crosslinking degree. ANAL SCI 2023; 39:1929-1936. [PMID: 37555916 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-023-00402-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
A microcapillary manipulation system combined with fluorescence microspectroscopy enabled us to analyze mass transfer in a single particle. In this study, we revealed the Eu(III) distribution in a single diglycolamide-derivative extractant (TODGA)-impregnated polymer-coated silica particle. The reaction of Eu(III) with two TODGA molecules in the polymer layer was the rate-limiting process, which was revealed by the relationship between the rate constants (k1 and k-1) and concentrations of Eu(III) and HNO3. The decrease in the crosslinking degree of the polymer layer caused an increase in only k-1. This indicates that hydrophilic environments at lower crosslinking degrees enhance the stability of the charged Eu(III) species such as Eu3+, Eu(NO3)2+, and Eu(NO3)2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihisa Miyagawa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8571, Japan
| | - Takumi Takahashi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8571, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kuzure
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8571, Japan
| | - Hibiki Iwamoto
- Shibaura Institute of Technology, Toyosu, Tokyo, 135-8548, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Arai
- Shibaura Institute of Technology, Toyosu, Tokyo, 135-8548, Japan
| | - Shigenori Nagatomo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8571, Japan
| | - Sou Watanabe
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai-Mura, Ibaraki, 319-1194, Japan
| | - Yuichi Sano
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai-Mura, Ibaraki, 319-1194, Japan
| | - Kiyoharu Nakatani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8571, Japan.
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Yang W, Xu C, Lyu Y, Lan Z, Li J, Ng DHL. Hierarchical hollow α-Fe 2O 3/ZnFe 2O 4/Mn 2O 3 Janus micromotors as dynamic and efficient microcleaners for enhanced photo-Fenton elimination of organic pollutants. Chemosphere 2023; 338:139530. [PMID: 37459924 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Micro/nanomotors that can promote mass transport have attracted more and more research concern in the photocatalysis field. Here we first report a newly-designed hierarchical α-Fe2O3/ZnFe2O4/Mn2O3 magnetic micromotor as a heterogeneous photocatalyst for the degradation of cationic dye methylene blue (MB) from wastewater. The resulting three-dimensional (3D) flower-like hollow Janus micromotors are fabricated through a green and scalable strategy, in which each component has different functions. ZnFe2O4 microspheres serve as a magnetic scaffold for the nucleation and growth of α-Fe2O3 nanosheets and for the recycling of the micromachine. α-Fe2O3 nanosheets have shown great potential as an ideal semiconductor material for the photocatalytic decontamination of pollutants. Mn2O3 nanoparticles are mainly utilized as a catalyst to produce O2 bubbles to propel the autonomic movement of the micromotors in the presence of H2O2 fuel and also as a Fenton-like catalyst to decompose H2O2 to generate reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, the resultant micromotors exhibited linear-like motion form with an average speed of 189.1 μm s-1 in 5 wt% H2O2 solution. Moreover, the self-driven micromotors exhibited a superior catalytic degradation property toward MB, which was attributed to the synergistic effect of heterogeneous photocatalyst and the boosted micro-mixing and mass transfer caused by the vigorous motion of the micro-actuator. The possible degradation intermediates and passways of MB by α-Fe2O3/ZnFe2O4/Mn2O3 micromotor were identified with time of flight mass spectroscopy (TOF-MS). The 3D Janus micromotors have the potential to be used as a high-efficiency and active heterogeneous photocatalyst for the degradation of organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenning Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, PR China; School of Material Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, PR China
| | - Chaochao Xu
- School of Material Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, PR China
| | - Yangsai Lyu
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Queen's University, Kingston, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Ziwei Lan
- School of Material Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, PR China
| | - Jia Li
- School of Material Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, PR China.
| | - Dickon H L Ng
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, PR China
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Sun Z, Zhang L, Dong D, Zhang W, Guo Z. Coupled multimedia fate and bioaccumulation models for predicting fate of florfenicol and fluoroquinolones in water and fish organs in the seasonal ice-sealed reservoir. J Hazard Mater 2023; 458:132063. [PMID: 37463559 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Ice formation in reservoirs could promote the accumulation of antibiotics in fish, potentially leading to elevated concentrations in fish muscles, kidneys, and livers. However, for the seasonal ice-sealed reservoirs, antibiotic sampling and detecting conditions in water and fish are normally limited by the ice cover. Additionally, previous studies on the prediction of antibiotics accumulated in seasonal ice-sealed reservoir fish are scarce. This study presents a coupled model incorporating a multimedia fate model and a bioaccumulation model to predict antibiotic fate in water and the muscles, kidneys, and livers of fish in seasonal ice-sealed reservoirs. Prediction concentrations of florfenicol were higher than those of ofloxacin and norfloxacin in both water and fish from the seasonal ice-sealed reservoir. Log bioaccumulation factors of antibiotics in Cyprinus carpio and Hypophthalmichthys nobilis in January 2021 were higher than those in October 2020 by 21.5% and 12.6%, respectively. Antibiotics mean transfer fluxes from water to fish muscles, kidneys, and livers increased owing to the reservoir ice-cover formation date advancing by 13.0%, 77.1%, and 61.0%, respectively. This work provides a modeling tool for investigating the fate and mass transfer flux of antibiotics in biological and environmental phases in seasonal ice-sealed reservoirs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zujian Sun
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Liwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Deming Dong
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Wenming Zhang
- Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton AB T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Zhiyong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
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Liu B, Han L, Xu H, Su JJ, Zhan D. Ultrasonic-Assisted Electrochemical Nanoimprint Lithography: Forcing Mass Transfer to Enhance the Localized Etching Rate of GaAs. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202300491. [PMID: 37493590 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical nanoimprint lithography (ECNL) has emerged as a promising technique for fabricating three-dimensional micro/nano-structures (3D-MNSs) directly on semiconductor wafers. This technique is based on a localized corrosion reaction induced by the contact potential across the metal/semiconductor boundaries. The anodic etching of semiconductor and the cathodic reduction of electron acceptors occur at the metal/semiconductor/electrolyte interface and the Pt mold surface, respectively. However, the etching rate is limited by the mass transfer of species in the ultrathin electrolyte layer between the mold and the workpiece. To overcome this challenge, we introduce the ultrasonics effect into the ECNL process to facilitate the mass exchange between the ultrathin electrolyte layer and the bulk solution, thereby improving the imprinting efficiency. Experimental investigations demonstrate a positive linear relationship between the reciprocal of the area duty ratio of the mold and the imprinting efficiency. Furthermore, the introduction of ultrasonics improves the imprinting efficiency by approximately 80 %, irrespective of the area duty ratio. The enhanced imprinting efficiency enables the fabrication of 3D-MNSs with higher aspect ratios, resulting in a stronger light trapping effect. These results indicate the prospective applications of ECNL in semiconductor functional devices, such as photoelectric detection and photovoltaics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Liu
- Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Lianhuan Han
- Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Hantao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces (PCOSS), Engineering Research Center of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jian-Jia Su
- Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces (PCOSS), Engineering Research Center of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Dongping Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces (PCOSS), Engineering Research Center of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
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He H, Peng H, Li G. Study on water and oxygen transfer characteristics of HT-PEM fuel cells. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19832. [PMID: 37809893 PMCID: PMC10559212 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, a steady-state model is developed by combining mechanical, Navier-Stokes, Maxwell-Stefan, and Butler-Volmer equations. This model is then used to investigate the influences of diffusion layer thickness deformation under a specific assembly force on the porosity distribution as an indicator of fuel cell performance. The HT-PEM (high temperature proton exchange membrane) fuel cell model is built using COMSOL Multiphysics software, simulating the changes in diffusion layer porosity under different thicknesses of the diffusion layer, thus analyzing the trends in variation of water and oxygen concentration in the cathode diffusion layer. The battery has different current densities at different operating potentials. The influence of the working potential on the mass transfer concentration and the variation in the mass transfer concentration of the diffusion layer under the different areas of flow channel and flow ridge is discussed. The simulation results have a certain reference value for the optimization of mass transfer in a diffusion layer. The results reveal the combined effect of the assembly force and flow field, which makes the porosity distribution uneven and results in remarkable lateral current in the gas diffusion layer (GDL). The thicker the diffusion layer, the less oxygen consumed, and a large amount of oxygen is retained in the gaseous diffusion layer. It can be concluded that thicker diffusion layer is conducive to more uniform mass transfer and diffusion. These results can potentially be used to promote the performance and application of HT-PEMFC.
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Forcier RJ, Heussner RT, Newsom L, Giers MB, Al Rawashdeh W, Buchanan KA, Woods EJ, Johnstone BH, Higgins AZ. Accelerating cryoprotectant delivery using vacuum infiltration. Cryobiology 2023; 112:104558. [PMID: 37451668 PMCID: PMC10530370 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2023.104558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The ability to cryopreserve bone marrow within the vertebral body (VB) would offer significant clinical and research benefits. However, cryopreservation of large structures, such as VBs, is challenging due to mass transport limitations that prevent the effective delivery of cryoprotectants into the tissue. To overcome this challenge, we examined the potential of vacuum infiltration, along with carbonation, to increase the penetration of cryoprotectants. In particular, we hypothesized that initial exposure to high-pressure carbon dioxide gas would introduce bubbles into the tissue and that subsequent vacuum cycling would cause expansion and contraction of the bubbles, thus enhancing the transport of cryoprotectant into the tissue. Experiments were carried out using colored dye and agarose gel as a model revealing that carbonation and vacuum cycling result in a 14% increase in dye penetration compared to the atmospheric controls. Experiments were also carried out by exposing VBs isolated from human vertebrae to 40% (v/v) DMSO solution. CT imaging showed the presence of gas bubbles within the tissue pores for carbonated VBs as well as control VBs. Vacuum cycling reduced the bubble volume by more than 50%, most likely resulting in replacement of this volume with DMSO solution. However, we were unable to detect a statistically significant increase in DMSO concentration within the VBs using CT imaging. This research suggests that there may be a modest benefit to carbonation and vacuum cycling for introduction of cryoprotectants into larger structures, like VBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Forcier
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Robert T Heussner
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Lauren Newsom
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Morgan B Giers
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Adam Z Higgins
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
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Beck J, Hochdaninger G, Carta G, Hahn R. Resin structure impacts two-component protein adsorption and separation in anion exchange chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1705:464208. [PMID: 37453173 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The influence of the resin structure, on the competitive binding and separation of a two-component protein mixture with anion exchange resins is evaluated using conalbumin and green fluorescent protein as a model system. Two macroporous resins, one with large open pores and one with smaller pores, are compared to a resin with grafted polymers. Investigations include measurements of single and two-component isotherms, batch uptake kinetics and two-component column breakthrough. On both macroporous resins, the weaker binding protein, conalbumin, is displaced by the stronger binding green fluorescent protein. For the large pore resin, this results in a pronounced overshoot and efficient separation by frontal chromatography. The polymer-grafted resin exhibits superior capacity and kinetics for one-component adsorption, but is unable to achieve separation due to strongly hindered counter-diffusion. Intermediate separation efficiency is obtained with the smaller pore resin. Confocal laser scanning microscopy provides a mechanistic explanation of the underlying intra-particle diffusional phenomena revealing whether unhindered counter-diffusion of the displaced protein can occur or not. This study demonstrates that the resin's intra-particle structure and its effects on diffusional transport are crucial for an efficient separation process. The novelty of this work lies in its comprehensive nature which includes examples of the three most commonly used resin structures: a small pore agarose matrix, a large-pore polymeric matrix, and a polymer grafted resin. Comparison of the protein adsorption properties of these materials provides valuable clues about advantages and disadvantages of each for anion exchange chromatography applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Beck
- Institute of Bioprocess Science and Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Hochdaninger
- Institute of Bioprocess Science and Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Giorgio Carta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Rainer Hahn
- Institute of Bioprocess Science and Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
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Al-Amshawee SKA, Yunus MYBM. Electrodialysis membrane desalination with diagonal membrane spacers: a review. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-28727-y. [PMID: 37620701 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28727-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Electrodialysis desalination uses ion exchange membranes, membrane spacers, and conductors to remove salt from water. Membrane spacers, made of polymeric strands, reduce concentration polarization. These spacers have properties such as porosity and filament shape that affect their performance. One important property is the spacer-bulk attack angle. This study systematically reviews the characteristics of a 45° attack angle of spacers and its effects on concentration polarization and fluid dynamics. Membrane spacers in a channel create distinct flow fields and concentration profiles. When set at a 45° attack angle, spacers provide greater turbulence and mass-heat transfer than traditional spacers. This is because both the transverse and longitudinal filaments become diagonal in relation to the bulk flow direction. A lower attack angle (<45°) results in a lower pressure drop coupled with a decline in wakes and stream disruption because when the filaments are more parallel to the primary fluid direction, the poorer their affect. This research concludes that membrane spacers with a 45° spacer-bulk attack angle function optimally compared to other angles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Khudhur Abbas Al-Amshawee
- Centre for Sustainability of Ecosystem and Earth Resources (Earth Centre), Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26300, Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Yusri Bin Mohd Yunus
- Centre for Sustainability of Ecosystem and Earth Resources (Earth Centre), Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26300, Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26300, Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia
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Henkel C, Lamprecht J, Hüffer T, Hofmann T. Environmental factors strongly influence the leaching of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate from polyvinyl chloride microplastics. Water Res 2023; 242:120235. [PMID: 37348424 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Phthalic acid esters (phthalates) are an important group of additives (plasticizers) to ensure the flexibility and stability especially of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and to enable its processing. However, phthalates like di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) are harmful for aquatic organisms due to their endocrine disrupting effects and toxicity. For the assessment of exposure concentrations, thorough understanding of leaching kinetics of phthalates from PVC (micro-) plastics into aqueous environments is necessary. This study investigates how environmental factors influence the leaching of phthalates from PVC microplastics into aquatic systems. The leaching of phthalates from PVC microplastics into aqueous media is limited by aqueous boundary layer diffusion (ABLD) and thus, process-specific parameters can be affected by environmental factors such as salinity and the flow conditions. We conducted batch leaching experiments to assess the influence of salinity and flow conditions (turbulence) on the leaching of DEHP from PVC microplastics into aqueous media. DEHP is salted out with increasing salinity of the solution and a salting-out coefficient for DEHP of 0.46 was determined. The partitioning coefficient of DEHP between PVC and water KPVC/W increased with increasing salinity from 108.52 L kg-1 in a 1 mM KCl solution to 108.75 L kg-1 in artificial seawater thereby slowing down leaching. Increasing flow velocities led to higher leaching rates because the ABL thickness decreased from 1315 µm at 0 rpm shaking speed (no-flow conditions) to 38.4 µm at 125 rpm (turbulent conditions). Compared to salinity, turbulence had a more pronounced effect on leaching. Increasing the flow velocity led to a 35-fold decrease in the leaching rate, while increasing salinity led to a 2-fold increase. By calculating specific leaching times, that is, leaching half-lives (t1/2), time frames for leaching in different aquatic systems such as rivers and the ocean were determined. Given ABLD-limited leaching, DEHP is leached faster from PVC microplastics in rivers (t1/2 > 49 years) than in the ocean (t1/2 > 398 years). In both systems, PVC microplastics are a long-term source of phthalates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Henkel
- University of Vienna, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department for Environmental Geosciences, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria; University of Vienna, Doctoral School in Microbiology and Environmental Science, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030 Vienna, Austria; University of Vienna, Research Platform Plastics in the Environment and Society (Plenty), Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jonas Lamprecht
- University of Vienna, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department for Environmental Geosciences, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thorsten Hüffer
- University of Vienna, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department for Environmental Geosciences, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria; University of Vienna, Research Platform Plastics in the Environment and Society (Plenty), Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Thilo Hofmann
- University of Vienna, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department for Environmental Geosciences, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria; University of Vienna, Research Platform Plastics in the Environment and Society (Plenty), Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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42
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Berkane I, Aracil I, Fullana A. Evaluation of thermal drying for the recycling of flexible plastics. Waste Manag 2023; 168:116-125. [PMID: 37290340 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The drying of flexible plastic waste is a current industrial problem in the plastic recycling sector. The thermal drying of plastic flakes is considered the most expensive and the most energy-consuming step in the recycling chain, which represents an environmental issue. This process is already present on the industrial scale but not well described in the literature. A better understanding of this process for this material will lead to the design of environmentally efficient dryers with an improved performance. The objective of this research was to investigate the behavior of flexible plastic in a convective drying process at a laboratory scale. The focus was to study the factors affecting this process such as velocity, moisture, size and thickness of the plastic flakes in both fixed and fluidized bed systems and to develop a mathematical model for predicting the drying rate considering heat and mass transfer of convective drying. Three models were investigated: the first one was based on a kinetic correlation of the drying, and the second and third models were based on heat and mass transfer mechanisms, respectively. It was found that heat transfer was the predominant mechanism of this process, and the prediction of the drying was possible. The mass transfer model, on the other hand, did not give good results. Amongst five semi-empirical drying kinetic equations, three equations (Wang and Singh, logarithmic and 3rd-degree polynomial) provided the best prediction for both fixed and fluidized bed systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imene Berkane
- Chemical Process Engineering Institute, University of Alicante, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain.
| | - Ignacio Aracil
- Chemical Process Engineering Institute, University of Alicante, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
| | - Andrés Fullana
- Chemical Process Engineering Institute, University of Alicante, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
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43
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Keramat M, Golmakani MT, Niakousari M, Toorani MR. Comparison of the antioxidant capacity of sesamol esters in gelled emulsion and non-gelled emulsion. Food Chem X 2023; 18:100700. [PMID: 37206322 PMCID: PMC10189410 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant capacity of sesamol esters in gelled emulsion was investigated in comparison with non-gelled emulsion to assess the role of mass transfer on their antioxidant capacity. Initiation phase and propagation phase kinetic parameters of peroxidation was calculated using a sigmoidal model. Sesamol esters showed higher antioxidant activity than sesamol in gelled emulsion and non-gelled emulsion. Sesamyl acetate, sesamyl butyrate, and sesamyl hexanoate had no synergistic effect with sesamol in gelled emulsion, while in non-gelled emulsion sesamyl butyrate exhibited a slight synergistic effect with sesamol. The antioxidant activity of sesamyl acetate and sesamyl hexanoate in non-gelled emulsion samples were higher than those of gelled emulsion samples, while sesamyl butyrate exhibited higher antioxidant activity in gelled emulsion than that of non-gelled emulsion. The cut-off effect hypothesis was observed in gelled emulsion, while this hypothesis was disappeared in non-gelled emulsion. During propagation phase, sesamol esters remained active and exhibited inhibitory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad-Taghi Golmakani
- Corresponding author at: Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, P.O. BOX 71441-65186, Shiraz, Iran.
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Al-Amshawee SKA, Yunus MYBM, Mohamed HS. Electrodialysis membrane desalination for water and wastewater processing: irregular attack angles of membrane spacers. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-28433-9. [PMID: 37378732 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28433-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Electrodialysis desalination is constructed with a number of anion exchange membranes (AEM), cation exchange membranes (CEM), anode, cathode, adjacent silicon gasket integrated membrane spacers, and inlet/outlet holes per cell. At the boundary among an ionic solution and an ion exchange membrane, concentration polarization develops. Spacers placed in between channel's walls function as stream baffles to increase turbulence, improve heat and mass transfer, diminish the laminar boundary layer, and lessen fouling problems. The current study offers a systematic review of membrane spacers, spacer-bulk attack angles, and irregular attack angles. Spacer-bulk attack angle is accountable for variations in the pattern and direction of stream which impact heat-mass transfer and concentration polarization. Irregular attack angles (e.g., 0°, 15°, 30°, 37°, 45°, 55°, 60°, 62°, 70°, 74°, 80°, 90°, 110°, 120°) in the present study were found to provide unique stream patterns due to the spacer's filaments being less or more transverse in respect to the primary solution direction, which may significantly alter heat transfer, mass transport, pressure drop, and overall flow dynamics. Spacer applies shear stress resulting by continuous stream tangent to the membrane exterior, which lessens polarization. In the end, 45° is concluded as the preferred attack angle that offers balanced rates of heat transfer, mass transport, and pressure drop throughout the feed channel while greatly lowering the rate of concentration polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohd Yusri Bin Mohd Yunus
- Centre for Sustainability of Ecosystem & Earth Resources (Earth Centre), Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26300, Pahang, Malaysia
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26300, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Hybat Salih Mohamed
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26300, Pahang, Malaysia
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45
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Alanazi J, Algahtani MM, Alanazi M, Alharby TN. Application of different mathematical models based on artificial intelligence technique to predict the concentration distribution of solute through a polymeric membrane. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2023; 262:115183. [PMID: 37364398 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Membrane-based purification of therapeutic agents has recently attracted global attention as a promising replacement for conventional techniques like distillation and pervaporation. Despite the conduction of different investigations, development of more research about the operational feasibility of using polymeric membranes to separate the detrimental impurities of molecular entities is of great importance. The focus of this paper is to develop a numerical strategy based on multiple machine learning methods to predict the concentration distribution of solute through a membrane-based separation process. Two inputs are being analyzed in this study, specifically r and z. Furthermore, the single target output is C, and the number of data points exceeds 8000. To analyze and model the data for this study, we used the Adaboost (Adaptive Boosting) model over three different base learners (K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Linear Regression (LR), and Gaussian Process Regression (GPR)). In the process of hyper-parameter optimization for models, the BA optimization algorithm applied on the adaptive boosted models. Finally, Boosted KNN, Boosted LR, and Boosted GPR have scores of 0.9853, 0.8751, and 0.9793 in terms of R2 metric. Based on the recent fact and other analyses, boosted KNN model is introduced as the most appropriate model of this research. The error rates for this model are 2.073 × 101 and 1.06 × 10-2 in terms of MAE and MAPE metrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jowaher Alanazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 81442, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammad M Algahtani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saudi University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muteb Alanazi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tareq Nafea Alharby
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 81442, Saudi Arabia
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46
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Gómez-de la Cruz FJ, Palomar-Torres A, Pérez-Latorre FJ, Cruz-Peragón F. Convective drying of mango stone for use as biomass. Environ Res 2023; 227:115742. [PMID: 36966990 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Mango stone is an interesting biomass by-product with a considerable net calorific value. Mango production has significantly risen in the last few years, meaning that mango waste has increased as well. However, mango stone has a moisture content of about 60% (wet basis) and it is very important to dry the samples for using them in electrical and thermal energy production. In this paper, the main parameters involved in the mass transfer during drying are determined. Drying was carried out in a convective dryer through a set of experiments based on five drying air temperatures (100 °C, 125 °C, 150 °C, 175 °C and 200 °C) and three air velocities (1 m/s, 2 m/s and 3 m/s). Drying times ranged between 2 and 23 h. The drying rate was calculated from the Gaussian model whose values ranged from 1.5·10-6 to 6.3·10-4 s-1. Effective diffusivity was obtained as an overall parameter in the mass diffusion for each test. These values were found between 0.71·10-9 and 13.6·10-9 m2/s. The activation energy was calculated from the Arrhenius law for each test, made at different air velocities. These values were 36.7, 32.2 and 32.1 kJ/mol for 1, 2 and 3 m/s, respectively. This study provides information for future works on design, optimization and numerical simulation models in convective dryers for standard mango stone pieces according to industrial drying conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Gómez-de la Cruz
- Dep. of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Jaén, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071, Jaén, Spain.
| | - Amalia Palomar-Torres
- Dep. of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Jaén, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071, Jaén, Spain
| | - Francisco J Pérez-Latorre
- Dep. of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Jaén, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071, Jaén, Spain
| | - Fernando Cruz-Peragón
- Dep. of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Jaén, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071, Jaén, Spain
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47
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Al-Amshawee SKA, Yunus MYBM, Dakhil IH. Ion exchange membrane electrodialysis for water and wastewater processing: application of ladder-type membrane spacers to impact solution concentration and flow dynamics. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27940-z. [PMID: 37308631 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27940-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Concentration polarization, which creates a thin boundary layer along the membranes in electrochemical reactors and electrodialysis-related processes, is one of the main issues. Membrane spacers provide swirling motion in the stream and distribute fluid toward the membrane, which effectively breaks the polarization layer and maximizes flux steadily. Membrane spacers and the spacer-bulk attack angle are reviewed systematically in the current study. The study then in-depth reviews a ladder-type configuration composed of longitudinal (0° attack angle) and transverse (90° attack angle) filaments, and its effects on solution flow direction and hydrodynamics. The review discovered that, at the tradeoff of high-pressure losses, a laddered spacer can provide mass transfer and mixing activity along the channel while preserving comparable patterns of concentration near the membrane wall. Pressure losses are driven by a change in the direction of velocity vectors. Dead spots in the spacer design that are created by the large contribution of the spacer manifolds can be reduced using the high-pressure drop. Laddered spacers also permit long, tortuous flow paths, which help to create turbulent flow and prevent concentration polarization. The absence of spacers produces limited mixing and broad polarization effects. A major portion of streamlines changes direction at ladder spacer strands positioned transverse to the main flow by moving in a zigzag manner up and down the filaments of the spacer. Flow at 90° is perpendicular to the transverse wires in [Formula: see text]-coordinate, no change in [Formula: see text]-coordinate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Khudhur Abbas Al-Amshawee
- Centre for Sustainability of Ecosystem & Earth Resources (Earth Centre), Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26300, Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Yusri Bin Mohd Yunus
- Centre for Sustainability of Ecosystem & Earth Resources (Earth Centre), Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26300, Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26300, Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Ihsan Habib Dakhil
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Al-Muthanna University, Engineering College, 66001, Al-Samawa, Al-Muthanna, Iraq
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Liu T, Zhang B, Li W, Li B, Han Z, Zhang Y, Ding A, Wang S, Ma J, He X. The catalytic oxidation process of atrazine by ozone microbubbles: Bubble formation, ozone mass transfer and hydroxyl radical generation. Chemosphere 2023; 325:138361. [PMID: 36907491 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Ozone microbubbles have received increasing attention since they can produce hydroxyl radical (•OH) to decompose ozone-resistant pollutants. Besides, compared with conventional bubbles, microbubbles have a larger specific surface area and higher mass transfer efficiency. However, the research on the micro-interface reaction mechanism of ozone microbubbles is still relatively scarce. Herein, we systematically studied the stability of microbubbles, ozone mass transfer and atrazine (ATZ) degradation through multifactor analysis. The results revealed that bubble size was dominant in the stability of microbubbles, and gas flow rate played a major role in ozone mass transfer and degradation effects. Besides, the bubble stability accounted for the different effects of pH on ozone mass transfer in two aeration systems. Finally, kinetic models were built and employed to simulate the kinetics of ATZ degradation by •OH. The results revealed that conventional bubbles could produce •OH faster compared with microbubbles under alkaline conditions. These findings shed light on the interfacial reaction mechanisms of ozone microbubbles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Wenqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Boda Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Ziwen Han
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Yanjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - An Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Shutao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Xu He
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
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49
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Hu H, Tong YW, He Y. Current insight into enhanced strategies and interaction mechanisms of hydrogel materials for phosphate removal and recovery from wastewater. Sci Total Environ 2023:164514. [PMID: 37270000 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus plays a crucial role in modern society but often pollutes the environment through raising eutrophication and has particularly devastating effects on the water environment. As a promising material platform, the three-dimensional network structure and the tailorable nature of hydrogels provide infinite application possibilities. Thereinto, phosphate removal and recovery from wastewater using hydrogel materials have gained momentum since their rapid reactivity, ease of operation, low cost and simplicity of recovery compared to traditional techniques. In this review, current strategies for functional enhancement of hydrogel materials are systematically summarized from different perspectives. Following, based on the discussion of different interaction mechanisms between phosphates and hydrogels, the phosphate mass transfer and performance of hydrogels and their current application are critically reviewed. This review aims to present mechanistic insight into the recent development in phosphate removal and recovery using hydrogel materials and provides new ideas for constructing high-efficient hydrogels and laying the foundations for the practical application of this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Hu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1-Create Way, #15-02 Create Tower, Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Yen Wah Tong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Yiliang He
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
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50
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Li HK, Xu DM, Wang JX, Xu ZL, Fu RB. The occurrence of "yellowing" phenomenon and its main driving factors after the remediation of chromium (Cr)-contaminated soils: A literature review. J Hazard Mater 2023; 457:131698. [PMID: 37270962 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) is a highly toxic element, which is widely present in environment due to industrial activities. One of most applicable technique to clean up Cr pollution is chemical reduction. However, the Cr(VI) concentration in soil increases again after remediation, and meanwhile the yellow soil would appear, which is commonly called as "yellowing" phenomenon. To date, the reason behind the phenomenon has been disputed for decades. This study aimed to introduce the possible "yellowing" mechanism and the influencing factors based on the extensive literature review. In this work, the concept of "yellowing" phenomenon was explained, and the most potential reasons include the reoxidation of manganese (Mn) oxides and mass transfer were summarized. Based on the reported finding and results, the large area of "yellowing" is likely to be caused by the re-migration of Cr(VI), since it could not sufficiently contact with the reductant under the effects of the mass transfer. In addition, other driving factors also control the occurrence of "yellowing" phenomenon. This review provides valuable reference for the academic peers participating in the Cr-contaminated sites remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Kai Li
- Centre for Environmental Risk Management and Remediation of Soil and Groundwater, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Da-Mao Xu
- Centre for Environmental Risk Management and Remediation of Soil and Groundwater, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jun-Xian Wang
- Centre for Environmental Risk Management and Remediation of Soil and Groundwater, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ze-Lin Xu
- Centre for Environmental Risk Management and Remediation of Soil and Groundwater, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Rong-Bing Fu
- Centre for Environmental Risk Management and Remediation of Soil and Groundwater, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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