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Alanazi J, Bender O, Dogan R, Malik JA, Atalay A, Ali TFS, Beshr EAM, Shawky AM, Aly OM, Alqahtani YNH, Anwar S. Combination of an Oxindole Derivative with (-)-β-Elemene Alters Cell Death Pathways in FLT3/ITD + Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:5253. [PMID: 37446914 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is one of the cancers that grow most aggressively. The challenges in AML management are huge, despite many treatment options. Mutations in FLT3 tyrosine kinase receptors make the currently available therapies less responsive. Therefore, there is a need to find new lead molecules that can specifically target mutated FLT3 to block growth factor signaling and inhibit AML cell proliferation. Our previous studies on FLT3-mutated AML cells demonstrated that β-elemene and compound 5a showed strong inhibition of proliferation by blocking the mutated FLT3 receptor and altering the key apoptotic genes responsible for apoptosis. Furthermore, we hypothesized that both β-elemene and compound 5a could be therapeutically effective. Therefore, combining these drugs against mutated FLT3 cells could be promising. In this context, dose-matrix combination-based cellular inhibition analyses, cell morphology studies and profiling of 43 different apoptotic protein targets via combinatorial treatment were performed. Our studies provide strong evidence for the hypothesis that β-elemene and compound 5a combination considerably increased the therapeutic potential of both compounds by enhancing the activation of several key targets implicated in AML cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jowaher Alanazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 55476, Saudi Arabia
| | - Onur Bender
- Biotechnology Institute, Ankara University, Ankara 06135, Turkey
| | - Rumeysa Dogan
- Biotechnology Institute, Ankara University, Ankara 06135, Turkey
| | - Jonaid Ahmad Malik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar 140001, India
| | - Arzu Atalay
- Biotechnology Institute, Ankara University, Ankara 06135, Turkey
| | - Taha F S Ali
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Eman A M Beshr
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Shawky
- Science and Technology Unit (STU), Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar M Aly
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said 42511, Egypt
| | | | - Sirajudheen Anwar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 55476, Saudi Arabia
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Alanazi J, Algahtani MM, Alanazi M, Alharby TN. Application of different mathematical models based on artificial intelligence technique to predict the concentration distribution of solute through a polymeric membrane. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2023; 262:115183. [PMID: 37364398 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Membrane-based purification of therapeutic agents has recently attracted global attention as a promising replacement for conventional techniques like distillation and pervaporation. Despite the conduction of different investigations, development of more research about the operational feasibility of using polymeric membranes to separate the detrimental impurities of molecular entities is of great importance. The focus of this paper is to develop a numerical strategy based on multiple machine learning methods to predict the concentration distribution of solute through a membrane-based separation process. Two inputs are being analyzed in this study, specifically r and z. Furthermore, the single target output is C, and the number of data points exceeds 8000. To analyze and model the data for this study, we used the Adaboost (Adaptive Boosting) model over three different base learners (K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Linear Regression (LR), and Gaussian Process Regression (GPR)). In the process of hyper-parameter optimization for models, the BA optimization algorithm applied on the adaptive boosted models. Finally, Boosted KNN, Boosted LR, and Boosted GPR have scores of 0.9853, 0.8751, and 0.9793 in terms of R2 metric. Based on the recent fact and other analyses, boosted KNN model is introduced as the most appropriate model of this research. The error rates for this model are 2.073 × 101 and 1.06 × 10-2 in terms of MAE and MAPE metrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jowaher Alanazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 81442, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammad M Algahtani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saudi University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muteb Alanazi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tareq Nafea Alharby
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 81442, Saudi Arabia
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Huwaimel B, Nafea Alharby T, Alanazi J, Alanazi M. Computational estimation of drug’s concentration distribution through a microporous membrane using artificial intelligence approach. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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Aziz MM, Rasool MF, Alanazi M, Alharby TN, Alanazi J, Huwaimel B. Evaluating the Counseling Standards and Ability of Pharmacy Staff to Detect Antibiotic-Drugs Interactions: A Simulated Client Study from Pakistan. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12050931. [PMID: 37237834 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12050931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective and safe medication use can be maximized by providing medication counseling, which aims to optimize therapeutic results. This approach improves the effectiveness of antibacterial treatment, reduces treatment expenses, and mitigates the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. No research from Pakistan has been previously documented. The purpose of this research was to evaluate both the quality of antibiotic counseling provided and the level of understanding exhibited by pharmacy employees with regard to interactions involving antibiotic medications. Using a simulated client method, two scenarios were used to assess 562 pharmacies that were systematically selected. Scenario 1 focused the counseling for use of prescribed medicines with non-prescribed antibiotics. Scenario2 indicated counseling provision for prescribed antibiotics that have possible antibiotic-drug interactions. The evaluation of counseling skills was also conducted. The analysis involved the use of descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. Only 34.1% of simulated clients received medication counseling directly; 45% received it on request. About 31.2% of clients were referred to a physician without counseling. The most frequently provided information was therapy dose (81.6%) and duration (57.4%). More than half (54.0%) of clients were asked about disease duration, but drug storage was ignored. Insufficient information was provided about side effects (1.1%) and antibiotic-drug interactions (1.4%). Most (54.3%) clients were instructed about dietary or lifestyle modifications. Only 1.9% of clients received information about drug administration route. No information was provided about other medication during therapy, effect of medicine withdrawal, and compliance to medication. The current level of antibiotic counseling within Pakistani community pharmacies is inadequate and requires the attention of medical authorities. Professional training of staff could improve counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Majid Aziz
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Fawad Rasool
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Muteb Alanazi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha'il, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tareq Nafea Alharby
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha'il, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jowaher Alanazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha'il, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader Huwaimel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha'il, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
- Medical and Diagnostic Research Center, University of Ha'il, Hail 55473, Saudi Arabia
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Hanif S, Syed MA, Rashid AJ, Alharby TN, Algahtani MM, Alanazi M, Alanazi J, Sarfraz RM. Validation of a Novel RP-HPLC Technique for Simultaneous Estimation of Lignocaine Hydrochloride and Tibezonium Iodide: Greenness Estimation Using AGREE Penalties. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083418. [PMID: 37110652 PMCID: PMC10144333 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we reported an HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of tibezonium iodide (TBN) and lignocaine hydrochloride (LGN). The method was developed according to the International Conference for Harmonization guidelines (ICH) Q2R1 using Agilent® 1260 with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and phosphate buffer (pH 4.5) in a volumetric ratio of 70:30 and flowing through a C8 Agilent® column at 1 mL/min. The results revealed that TBN and LGN peaks were isolated at 4.20 and 2.33 min, respectively, with a resolution of 2.59. The accuracy of TBN and LGN was calculated to be 100.01 ± 1.72% and 99.05 ± 0.65% at 100% concentration, respectively. Similarly, the respective precision was 100.03 ± 1.61% and 99.05 ± 0.48%. The repeatability for TBN and LGN was found to be 99.05 ± 0.48% and 99.19 ± 1.72%, respectively, indicating that the method was precise. The respective regression co-efficient (r2) for TBN and LGN was found to be 0.9995 and 0.9992. Moreover, the LOD and LOQ values for TBN were 0.012 and 0.037 µg/mL, respectively, while for LGN, they were 0.115 and 0.384 µg/mL, respectively. The calculated greenness of the method for ecological safety was found to be 0.83, depicting a green contour on the AGREE scale. No interfering peaks were found when the analyte was estimated in dosage form and in volunteers' saliva, depicting the specificity of the method. Conclusively, a robust, fast, accurate, precise and specific method was successfully validated to estimate TBN and LGN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Hanif
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40162, Pakistan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali Syed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Government College University Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Junaid Rashid
- Quality Control Department, Pacific Pharmaceuticals Limited, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Tareq Nafea Alharby
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad M Algahtani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muteb Alanazi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jowaher Alanazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
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Abu Lila AS, Alharby TN, Alanazi J, Alanazi M, Abdallah MH, Rizvi SMD, Moin A, Khafagy ES, Tabrez S, Al Balushi AA, Hegazy WAH. Clinical Resistant Strains of Enterococci and Their Correlation to Reduced Susceptibility to Biocides: Phenotypic and Genotypic Analysis of Macrolides, Lincosamides, and Streptogramins. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12030461. [PMID: 36978327 PMCID: PMC10044631 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12030461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Enterococci are troublesome nosocomial, opportunistic Gram-positive cocci bacteria showing enhanced resistance to many commonly used antibiotics. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and genetic basis of antibiotic resistance to macrolides, lincosamides, and streptogramins (MLS) in Enterococci, as well as the correlation between MLS resistance and biocide resistance. From 913 clinical isolates collected from King Khalid Hospital, Hail, Saudi Arabia, 131 isolates were identified as Enterococci spp. The susceptibility of the clinical enterococcal isolates to several MLS antibiotics was determined, and the resistance phenotype was detected by the triple disk method. The MLS-involved resistance genes were screened in the resistant isolates. The current results showed high resistance rates to MLS antibiotics, and the constitutive resistance to all MLS (cMLS) was the most prevalent phenotype, observed in 76.8% of resistant isolates. By screening the MLS resistance-encoding genes in the resistant isolates, the erythromycin ribosome methylase (erm) genes that are responsible for methylation of bacterial 23S rRNA were the most detected genes, in particular, ermB. The ereA esterase-encoding gene was the most detected MLS modifying-encoding genes, more than lnuA (adenylation) and mphC (phosphorylation). The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of commonly used biocides were detected in resistant isolates and correlated with the MICs of MLS antibiotics. The present findings showed a significant correlation between MLS resistance and reduced susceptibility to biocides. In compliance with the high incidence of the efflux-encoding genes, especially mefA and mefE genes in the tolerant isolates with higher MICs to both MLS antibiotics and biocides, the efflux of resistant isolates was quantified, and there was a significant increase in the efflux of resistant isolates with higher MICs as compared to those with lower MICs. This could explain the crucial role of efflux in developing cross-resistance to both MLS antibiotics and biocides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Selim Abu Lila
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
- Correspondence: (A.S.A.L.); (W.A.H.H.)
| | - Tareq Nafea Alharby
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jowaher Alanazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muteb Alanazi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa H. Abdallah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Syed Mohd Danish Rizvi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afrasim Moin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - El-Sayed Khafagy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Shams Tabrez
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Ali Al Balushi
- Pharmacy Program, Department of Pharmaceutics, Oman College of Health Sciences, Muscat 113, Oman
| | - Wael A. H. Hegazy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
- Pharmacy Program, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oman College of Health Sciences, Muscat 113, Oman
- Correspondence: (A.S.A.L.); (W.A.H.H.)
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Bender O, Shoman ME, Ali TFS, Dogan R, Celik I, Mollica A, Hamed MIA, Aly OM, Alamri A, Alanazi J, Ahemad N, Gan SH, Malik JA, Anwar S, Atalay A, Beshr EAM. Discovery of oxindole-based FLT3 inhibitors as a promising therapeutic lead for acute myeloid leukemia carrying the oncogenic ITD mutation. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023; 356:e2200407. [PMID: 36403191 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) mutations occur in approximately 30% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. In the current study, the oxindole chemotype is employed as a structural motif for the design of new FLT3 inhibitors as potential hits for AML irradiation. Cell-based screening was performed with 18 oxindole derivatives and 5a-c inhibited 68%-73% and 83%-91% of internal tandem duplication (ITD)-mutated MV4-11 cell growth for 48- and 72-h treatments while only 0%-2% and 27%-39% in wild-type THP-1 cells. The most potent compound 5a inhibited MV4-11 cells with IC50 of 4.3 µM at 72 h while it was 8.7 µM in THP-1 cells, thus showing two-fold selective inhibition against the oncogenic ITD mutation. The ability of 5a to modulate cell death was examined. High-throughput protein profiling revealed low levels of the growth factors IGFBP-2 and -4 with the blockage of various apoptotic inhibitors such as Survivin. p21 with cellular stress mechanisms was characterized by increased expression of HSP proteins along with TNF-β. Mechanistically, compounds 5a and 5b inhibited FLT3 kinase with IC50 values of 2.49 and 1.45 µM, respectively. Theoretical docking studies supported the compounds' ability to bind to the FLT3 ATP binding site with the formation of highly stable complexes as evidenced by molecular dynamics simulations. The designed compounds also provide suitable drug candidates with no violation of drug likeability rules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onur Bender
- Biotechnology Institute, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mai E Shoman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Taha F S Ali
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Rumeysa Dogan
- Biotechnology Institute, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ismail Celik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Adriano Mollica
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Mohammed I A Hamed
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Omar M Aly
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Abdulwahab Alamri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.,Molecular Diagnostics Unit and Personalized Treatment, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jowaher Alanazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.,Molecular Diagnostics Unit and Personalized Treatment, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nafees Ahemad
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor DE, Malaysia
| | - Siew Hua Gan
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor DE, Malaysia
| | - Jonaid Ahmad Malik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, India
| | - Sirajudheen Anwar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.,Molecular Diagnostics Unit and Personalized Treatment, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arzu Atalay
- Biotechnology Institute, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Eman A M Beshr
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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Malik J, Ahmed S, Momin SS, Shaikh S, Alafnan A, Alanazi J, Said Almermesh MH, Anwar S. Drug Repurposing: A New Hope in Drug Discovery for Prostate Cancer. ACS Omega 2023; 8:56-73. [PMID: 36643505 PMCID: PMC9835086 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCA), the most common cancer in men, accounted for 1.3 million new incidences in 2018. An increase in incidences is an issue of concern that should be addressed. Of all the reported prostate cancers, 85% were detected in stages III and IV, making them difficult to treat. Conventional drugs gradually lose their efficacy due to the developed resistance against them, thus requiring newer therapeutic agents to be used as monotherapy or combination. Recent research regarding treatment options has attained remarkable speed and development. Therefore, in this context, drug repurposing comes into the picture, which is defined as the "investigation of the off-patent, approved and marketed drugs for a novel therapeutic indication" which saves at least 30% of the time and cost, reducing the cost of treatment for patients, which usually runs high in cancer patients. The anticancer property of cardiac glycosides in cancers was tested in the early 1980s. The trend then shifts toward treating prostate cancer by repurposing other cardiovascular drugs. The current review mainly emphasizes the advantageous antiprostate cancer profile of conventional CVS drugs like cardiac glycosides, RAAS inhibitors, statins, heparin, and beta-blockers with underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonaid
Ahmad Malik
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National
Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati 781003, India
- Biomedical
Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology
(IIT), Ropar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Sakeel Ahmed
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National
Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Sadiya Sikandar Momin
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Annasaheb Dange College of B. Pharmacy, Ashta, Shivaji University, Sangli, Maharastra 416301, India
| | - Sijal Shaikh
- Sandip Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Savitribai Phule
Pune University, Nashik, Maharashtra 422213, India
| | - Ahmed Alafnan
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University
of Hail, Hail 81422, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jowaher Alanazi
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University
of Hail, Hail 81422, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Sirajudheen Anwar
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University
of Hail, Hail 81422, Saudi Arabia
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Alamri A, Alafnan A, Huwaimel B, Abouzied AS, Alanazi J, Alghamdi A, Alrofaidi MA, Alanazi MS, Alshehri A, Hagbani TA, Alobaida A, Younes KM, Farghaly TA. Synthesis of novel series of heterocyclic compounds having two azoles against Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Alanazi J, Unnisa A, Alanazi M, Alharby TN, Moin A, Rizvi SMD, Hussain T, Awadelkareem AM, Elkhalifa AO, Faiyaz SSM, Khalid M, Gowda DV. 3-Methoxy Carbazole Impedes the Growth of Human Breast Cancer Cells by Suppressing NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15111410. [PMID: 36422540 PMCID: PMC9699412 DOI: 10.3390/ph15111410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer represents the most frequently occurring cancer globally among women. As per the recent report of the World Health Organization (WHO), it was documented that by the end of the year 2020, approximately 7.8 million females were positively diagnosed with breast cancer and in 2020 alone, 685,000 casualties were documented due to breast cancer. The use of standard chemotherapeutics includes the frontline treatment option for patients; however, the concomitant side effects represent a major obstacle for their usage. Carbazole alkaloids are one such group of naturally-occurring bioactive compounds belonging to the Rutaceae family. Among the various carbazole alkaloids, 3-Methoxy carbazole or C13H11NO (MHC) is obtained from Clausena heptaphylla as well as from Clausena indica. In this study, MHC was investigated for its anti-breast cancer activity based on molecular interactions with specific proteins related to breast cancer, where the MHC had predicted binding affinities for NF-κB with −8.3 kcal/mol. Furthermore, to evaluate the biological activity of MHC, we studied its in vitro cytotoxic effects on MCF-7 cells. This alkaloid showed significant inhibitory effects and induced apoptosis, as evidenced by enhanced caspase activities and the cellular generation of ROS. It was observed that a treatment with MHC inhibited the gene expression of NF-kB in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. These results suggest that MHC could be a promising medical plant for breast cancer treatment. Further studies are needed to understand the molecular mechanisms behind the anticancer action of MHC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jowaher Alanazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aziz Unnisa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (A.U.); (A.M.)
| | - Muteb Alanazi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tareq Nafea Alharby
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afrasim Moin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (A.U.); (A.M.)
| | - Syed Mohd Danish Rizvi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talib Hussain
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amir Mahgoub Awadelkareem
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | - AbdElmoneim O. Elkhalifa
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohammad Khalid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdilaziz, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
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Anwar S, Malik JA, Ahmed S, Kameshwar VA, Alanazi J, Alamri A, Ahemad N. Can Natural Products Targeting EMT Serve as the Future Anticancer Therapeutics? Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27227668. [PMID: 36431766 PMCID: PMC9698579 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the leading cause of death and has remained a big challenge for the scientific community. Because of the growing concerns, new therapeutic regimens are highly demanded to decrease the global burden. Despite advancements in chemotherapy, drug resistance is still a major hurdle to successful treatment. The primary challenge should be identifying and developing appropriate therapeutics for cancer patients to improve their survival. Multiple pathways are dysregulated in cancers, including disturbance in cellular metabolism, cell cycle, apoptosis, or epigenetic alterations. Over the last two decades, natural products have been a major research interest due to their therapeutic potential in various ailments. Natural compounds seem to be an alternative option for cancer management. Natural substances derived from plants and marine sources have been shown to have anti-cancer activity in preclinical settings. They might be proved as a sword to kill cancerous cells. The present review attempted to consolidate the available information on natural compounds derived from plants and marine sources and their anti-cancer potential underlying EMT mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirajudheen Anwar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 81422, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular Diagnostics Unit and Personalized Treatment, University of Hail, Hail 81422, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - Jonaid Ahmad Malik
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati 781101, Assam, India
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar 140001, Punjab, India
| | - Sakeel Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Verma Abhishek Kameshwar
- Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 641112, Kerala, India
| | - Jowaher Alanazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 81422, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular Diagnostics Unit and Personalized Treatment, University of Hail, Hail 81422, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulwahab Alamri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 81422, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular Diagnostics Unit and Personalized Treatment, University of Hail, Hail 81422, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nafees Ahemad
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya 47500, Selangor DE, Malaysia
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Alanazi J, Unnisa A, Ahmad S, Itumalla R, Alanazi M, Alharby TN, Anwar S, Younes KM, Hussain T, Hussain A, Elamine BA, Mohamed OA. Significance of Orlistat in management of dyslipidemia, systolic blood pressure and body mass index. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:8326-8332. [PMID: 36459016 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202211_30365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The current study intends to find out the efficacy of Orlistat in the management of hyperlipidemia, Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) and Body Mass Index (BMI). MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study has evaluated the lipid profiles of the patients, who have been using metformin therapy for Type 2 diabetes. The study has obtained data regarding the parameters like triglyceride, Total cholesterol (TC), LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and LDL/HDL ratio, systolic blood pressure and Body Mass Index (BMI). Random distribution of patients was done into placebo and Orlistat groups. The placebo group received only metformin, and patients in the Orlistat group received Orlistat along with metformin. After 24 weeks, the follow-up study was done, and statistical analysis was conducted. RESULTS The study found that the Orlistat group has significant improvement (p<0.05) more improvement in LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, Total cholesterol, LDL/HDL Ratio and Triglycerides, while BMI and systolic blood pressure did not show a significant difference between placebo and Orlistat group. CONCLUSIONS This study has concluded that Orlistat can be used for significant improvement in lipid profile. The study also found that Orlistat may not have a significant effect on reducing BMI and blood pressure without adequate lifestyle modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Alanazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.
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Alanazi J, Unnisa A, Patel RD, Itumalla R, Alanazi M, Alharby TN, Jandrajupalli SB, Hussain T, Elamine BA, Mohamed OA. Prevalence of cardiovascular disease and osteoarthritis in obese population of Hail region, Saudi Arabia. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:7161-7168. [PMID: 36263564 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202210_29903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to analyze if there was a link between chronic diseases, like cardiovascular disease (CVD) and osteoarthritis (OA), and obesity in the population of Saudi Arabia's Hail region. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was conducted over 12 months using an observational cross-sectional survey on 172 patients from five clinics in Hail, Saudi Arabia. A total of 172 individuals with obesity (BMI ≥ 30) finally participated in this research. The study evaluated sociodemographic variables via an electronic questionnaire with voluntary participation. RESULTS The study found a 76% prevalence of joint pain and 77.9% prevalence of cardiovascular abnormalities. Patients with CVD were older (58±23 vs. 56±12 years) than those with OA. CVD cases were found in 42 (31.3%) males and 92 (68.7%) females, whereas OA cases were recognized in 24 (18.5%) males and 106 (81.5%) females. The occurrence of various CVDs among our participants was 43 (32%) for high cholesterol, 64 (48%) for hypertension, and 27 for both high cholesterol and hypertension (20%). Definite osteophytes were found in 28 of 24 male knees (14 right and 14 left knees) and 175 of 106 female knees (88 right knees and 87 left knees). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of obesity in the Hail region has continued to be a risk factor for CVD and OA in 2019 and 2020. The Saudi population has shown a higher prevalence of radiographic evidence of OA of the knee and associated symptoms than western civilizations, and preventive interventions are desperately needed in order to minimize overweight and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Alanazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, KSA.
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Alanazi M, Unnisa A, Patel RD, Alanazi J, Khalid M, Ahmad S, Jandrajupalli SB, Hussain T, Abobaker SH, Chandolu S. Comparative analysis between mono approach and multi approaches in managing T2DM: a survey-based study. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:6290-6299. [PMID: 36111930 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202209_29653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to analytically compare the therapeutic effect of the addition of diet modification and regular exercise to oral agents. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study surveyed 1248 participants via online and offline modes by employing a questionnaire about an individual's management of diabetes. Group 1 patients follow Single Approach Management for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), while Group 2 and Group 3 patients follow Multi-Approach Management for T2DM. Based on the answers, the participants were classified into three groups. The diagnostic criteria of Diabetes Mellitus Type-2 in this study were done by determining morning Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) and glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c). RESULTS The current study found 656 single oral agent users and 592 combination regimens users among all the study participants. The study also found that, among all participants, 511 patients were on mild to moderate diet modification while 325 patients were on moderate to severe diet modification. The study also noted that 232 males and 215 females took Complementary and Alternative Medicines (CAM). Of 447 patients, 12 showed menstrual abnormalities (2.6%), and 18 had mild diarrhoea (4%). The study also found that there is a vital significance of lowering FBS and HbA1c with the management strategies (p=0.000). The study showed a strong association between group 3 and improved FBS and HbA1c (p=0.000). CONCLUSIONS This study reveals that diet modification and regular exercise improve FBS and HbA1c levels significantly. Hence, diet modification and exercise can be added as adjuvants and should be incorporated into the management guidelines of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alanazi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom Saudi Arabia.
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Palaniappan N, Balasubramanian B, Arunkumar M, Pushparaj K, Rengasamy KR, Maluventhen V, Pitchai M, Alanazi J, Liu WC, Maruthupandian A. Anticancer, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties of solvent extract of Lobophora variegata through in vitro and in silico studies with major phytoconstituents. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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