1
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Pulitelli G, Mammone FR, Sadutto D, Tanini D, Cirilli R. Virtual chiral recognition of eugenol derivatives on amylose tris(3-chloro-5-methylphenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase in unusual normal-phase mode. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1279:341811. [PMID: 37827619 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Chromatographic enantioseparation on polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases has undergone explosive development over the last three decades as a method for separating the enantiomers of chiral compounds on an analytical and preparative scale. In this context, understanding the nature of the intermolecular interactions involved in retention and recognition processes is an interesting scientific challenge. In the present study, three eugenol derivatives were used as chiral references to elucidate some unexplored aspects of the enantioselective and retention properties of the Chiralpak IG-U chiral stationary phase based on amylose-tris(3-chloro-5-methylphenylcarbamate). The performance of the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography chiral packing material Chiralpak IG-U was evaluated using a two-step approach. First, binary mixtures containing variable proportions of alcohol (ethanol or 2-propanol) in n-hexane were used as mobile phases and the retention factors were recorded at three different temperatures. A rational analysis of this set of chromatographic data shows the leading role played by hydrogen bond between the OH group linked to the stereogenic centre of the analytes and the active sites of the chiral chromatographic material in obtaining a high degree of enantioseparation. The retention factors were then plotted against the percentage of alcohol modifiers to obtain retention maps with a non-linear performance trend with correlation factors >0.9990. The proposed retention map model was used to extrapolate and describe virtual chiral recognition of chiral analytes on the Chiralpak IG-U chiral stationary phase under extreme elution conditions with expected run times of hundreds or thousands of years. The presented virtual chiral recognition approach is based on a generic concept and therefore opens new possibilities for understanding the performance of other polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Pulitelli
- Centre for the Control and Evaluation of Medicines, Chemical Medicines Unit, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Mammone
- Centre for the Control and Evaluation of Medicines, Chemical Medicines Unit, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Sadutto
- Centre for the Control and Evaluation of Medicines, Chemical Medicines Unit, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Damiano Tanini
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via Della Lastruccia 3-13, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Roberto Cirilli
- Centre for the Control and Evaluation of Medicines, Chemical Medicines Unit, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy.
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2
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Rizzo S, Benincori T, Fontana F, Pasini D, Cirilli R. HPLC Enantioseparation of Rigid Chiral Probes with Central, Axial, Helical, and Planar Stereogenicity on an Amylose (3,5-Dimethylphenylcarbamate) Chiral Stationary Phase. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27238527. [PMID: 36500620 PMCID: PMC9741213 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The chiral resolving ability of the commercially available amylose (3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate)-based chiral stationary phase (CSP) toward four chiral probes representative of four kinds of stereogenicity (central, axial, helical, and planar) was investigated. Besides chirality, the evident structural feature of selectands is an extremely limited conformational freedom. The chiral rigid analytes were analyzed by using pure short alcohols as mobile phases at different column temperatures. The enantioselectivity was found to be suitable for all compounds investigated. This evidence confirms that the use of the amylose-based CSP in HPLC is an effective strategy for obtaining the resolution of chiral compounds containing any kind of stereogenic element. In addition, the experimental retention and enantioselectivity behavior, as well as the established enantiomer elution order of the investigated chiral analytes, may be used as key information to track essential details on the enantiorecognition mechanism of the amylose-based chiral stationary phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Rizzo
- CNR Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”, Via C. Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Tiziana Benincori
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia, Università degli Studi dell’Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - Francesca Fontana
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Scienze Applicate, Università di Bergamo, Viale Marconi 5, 24044 Dalmine, Italy
- CSGI Bergamo R.U., Viale Marconi 5, 24044 Dalmine, Italy
| | - Dario Pasini
- Department of Chemistry and INSTM Research Unit, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Roberto Cirilli
- Centro Nazionale per il Controllo e la Valutazione dei Farmaci, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
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3
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Cantatore C, Korb M, Lang H, Cirilli R. ON/OFF receptor-like enantioseparation of planar chiral 1,2-ferrocenes on an amylose-based chiral stationary phase: The role played by 2-propanol. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1211:339880. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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4
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Determination of Chiral Impurity of Naproxen in Different Pharmaceutical Formulations Using Polysaccharide-Based Stationary Phases in Reversed-Phased Mode. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27092986. [PMID: 35566336 PMCID: PMC9101765 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel, validated, reversed-phase (RP), chiral high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed for the enantiopurity control analysis of naproxen, a frequently used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent using polysaccharide-type chiral stationary phase (CSP). In the screening phase of method development, seven columns were tested in polar organic (PO) mode using mobile phases consisting of 0.1% acetic acid in methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, and acetonitrile. Enantiorecognition was observed only in five cases. The best enantioseparation was observed on a Lux Amylose-1 column with 0.1% (v/v) acetic acid in ethanol with a resolution (Rs) of 1.24. The enantiomer elution order was unfavorable, as the distomer eluted after the eutomer. When the ethanolic mobile phase was supplemented with water, enantiomer elution order reversal was observed, indicating a difference in the enantiorecognition mechanism upon switching from PO to RP mode. Furthermore, by changing ethanol to methanol, not only lower backpressure, but also higher resolution was obtained. Subsequent method optimization was performed using a face-centered central composite design (FCCD) to achieve higher chiral resolution in a shorter analysis time. Optimized parameters offering baseline separation were as follows: Lux Amylose-1 stationary phase, thermostated at 40 °C, and a mobile phase consisting of methanol:water:acetic acid 85:15:0.1 (v/v/v), delivered with 0.65 mL/min flow rate. Using these optimized parameters, a Rs = 3.21 ± 0.03 was achieved within seven minutes. The optimized method was validated according to the ICH guidelines and successfully applied for the analysis of different pharmaceutical preparations, such as film-coated tablets and gel, as well as fixed-dose combination tablets, containing both naproxen and esomeprazole.
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5
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Alrooqi M, Khan S, Alhumaydhi FA, Asiri SA, Alshamrani M, Mashraqi MM, Alzamami A, Alshahrani AM, Aldahish AA. A Therapeutic Journey of Pyridine-Based Heterocyclic Compounds as Potent Anticancer Agents: A Review (From 2017 to 2021). Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2022; 22:2775-2787. [PMID: 35331100 DOI: 10.2174/1871520622666220324102849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pyridine derivatives are the most common and significant heterocyclic compounds, which show their fundamental characteristics to various pharmaceutical agents and natural products. Pyridine derivatives possess several pharmacological properties and a broad degree of structural diversity that is considered most valuable to explore the novel therapeutic agents. These compounds have an extensive range of biological activities such as antifungal, antibacterial, anticancer, anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, antitubercular, antihypertensive, antineuropathic, antihistaminic, antiviral activities, and antiparasitic. The potent therapeutic properties of pyridine derivatives allow medicinal chemists to synthesize novel and effective chemotherapeutic agents. Consequently, the imperative objective of this comprehensive review is to summarize and investigate the literature regarding recent advancements in pyridine-based heterocycles to treat several kinds of cancer. Furthermore, the performances of pyridine derivatives were compared with some standard drugs including etoposide, sorafenib, cisplatin, and triclosan against different cancer cell lines. We hope this study will support the new thoughts to pursue the most active and less toxic rational designs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sikandar Khan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Fahad A Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed A Asiri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Aciences, Najran University
| | - Meshal Alshamrani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mutaib M Mashraqi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Alzamami
- College of Applied Medical science Clinical Laboratory science department Shaqra University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma M Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afaf A Aldahish
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Guraiger, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
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6
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Comparative Chiral Separation of Thalidomide Class of Drugs Using Polysaccharide-Type Stationary Phases with Emphasis on Elution Order and Hysteresis in Polar Organic Mode. Molecules 2021; 27:molecules27010111. [PMID: 35011343 PMCID: PMC8746373 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The enantioseparation of four phthalimide derivatives (thalidomide, pomalidomide, lenalidomide and apremilast) was investigated on five different polysaccharide-type stationary phases (Chiralpak AD, Chiralpak AS, Lux Amylose-2, Chiralcel OD and Chiralcel OJ-H) using neat methanol (MeOH), ethanol (EtOH), 1-propanol (PROP), 2-propanol (IPA) and acetonitrile (ACN) as polar organic mobile phases and also in combination. Along with the separation capacity of the applied systems, our study also focuses on the elution sequences, the effect of mobile phase mixtures and the hysteresis of retention and selectivity. Although on several cases extremely high resolutions (Rs > 10) were observed for certain compounds, among the tested conditions only Chiralcel OJ-H column with MeOH was successful for baseline-separation of all investigated drugs. Chiral selector- and mobile-phase-dependent reversals of elution order were observed. Reversal of elution order and hysteresis of retention and enantioselectivity were further investigated using different eluent mixtures on Chiralpak AD, Chiralcel OD and Lux Amylose-2 column. In an IPA/MeOH mixture, enantiomer elution-order reversal was observed depending on the eluent composition. Furthermore, in eluent mixtures, enantioselectivity depends on the direction from which the composition of the eluent is approached, regardless of the eluent pair used on amylose-based columns. Using a mixture of polar alcohols not only the selectivities but the enantiomer elution order can also be fine-tuned on Chiralpak AD column, which opens up the possibility of a new type of chiral screening strategy.
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7
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Scapinello L, Grecchi S, Rossi S, Arduini F, Arnaboldi S, Penoni A, Cirilli R, Romana Mussini P, Benincori T. Modulating the Enantiodiscrimination Features of Inherently Chiral Selectors by Molecular Design: A HPLC and Voltammetry Study Case with Atropisomeric 2,2'-Biindole-Based Monomers and Oligomer Films. Chemistry 2021; 27:13190-13202. [PMID: 34170583 PMCID: PMC8518821 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A family of inherently chiral electroactive selectors based on the 2,2'-biindole atropisomeric scaffold, of easy synthesis and modulable functional properties, is studied in cascade in two enantioselection contexts. They are at first investigated as probes in enantioselective HPLC, studying molecular structure and temperature effects, and achieving very efficient semipreparative enantioseparation. The enantiomers thus obtained, of remarkable chiroptical features (optical rotation as well as circular dichroism), are successfully applied as selectors in chiral voltammetry in different media for discrimination of the enantiomers of chiral electroactive probes, either by conversion into enantiopure electroactive electrode surfaces by electrooligomerization on glassy carbon substrate (the two monomers with shorter alkyl chains), or as chiral additive in achiral ionic liquid (the monomer with longest alkyl chains). Discrimination is conveniently and reproducibly achieved in terms of significant potential differences for the two enantiomers, specularly inverting either probe or selector configuration. In one case successful discrimination is also observed with the two probe enantiomers concurrently present, either as racemate or with enantiomeric excesses, neatly accounted for by the peak current ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Scapinello
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta TecnologiaUniversità degli Studi dell'InsubriaVia Valleggio 1122100ComoItaly
| | - Sara Grecchi
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di MilanoVia Golgi 1920133MilanoItaly
| | - Sergio Rossi
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di MilanoVia Golgi 1920133MilanoItaly
| | - Fabiana Arduini
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie ChimicheUniversità di Roma Tor VergataVia della Ricerca Scientifica100133RomaItaly
| | - Serena Arnaboldi
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di MilanoVia Golgi 1920133MilanoItaly
| | - Andrea Penoni
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta TecnologiaUniversità degli Studi dell'InsubriaVia Valleggio 1122100ComoItaly
| | - Roberto Cirilli
- Centro Nazionale per il Controllo e la Valutazione dei FarmaciIstituto Superiore di Sanità Viale Regina Elena 29900161RomaItaly
| | | | - Tiziana Benincori
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta TecnologiaUniversità degli Studi dell'InsubriaVia Valleggio 1122100ComoItaly
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8
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Rosetti A, Bonetti G, Villani C, Benincori T, Cirilli R. Multimilligram-scale production implementation of atropisomers of 2,2'-bis(2,2'-bithiophene-5-yl)-3,3'-bithianaphthene. Chirality 2021; 33:146-152. [PMID: 33586243 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
2,2'-Bis[2-(5,2'-bithienyl)]-3,3'-bithianaphthene (1) is the progenitor of a class of C2 symmetric thiophene-based electroactive monomers that, when electrooxidized in the enantiomerically pure form, produce inherently chiral films endowed with outstanding electrochemical enantiorecognition properties. The enantioselective high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is the only approach used so far to resolve the racemic form of 1 into enantiomers. In this work, an improved HPLC method for multimilligram enantiomer production is presented. Key factors controlling the enantioseparation, such as mobile phase composition and column temperature, were identified using a 100 × 4.6 mm i.d. Chiralpak IB-3 column and subsequently scaled up to a 250 × 10.0 mm i.d. Chiralpak IB column. In the optimized semipreparative conditions, about 34 mg of pure (P) and (M) enantiomers per hour could be produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Rosetti
- National Center for the Control and Evaluation of Drugs, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.,Department of Bedbug and Drug Technology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Bonetti
- Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, Como, Italy
| | - Claudio Villani
- Department of Bedbug and Drug Technology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Tiziana Benincori
- Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, Como, Italy
| | - Roberto Cirilli
- National Center for the Control and Evaluation of Drugs, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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9
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Separation of 4C-Substituted Pyrrolidin-2-One Derivatives on Polysaccharide-Based Coated Chiral Stationary Phases. Chromatographia 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-020-03862-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Shedania Z, Kakava R, Volonterio A, Farkas T, Chankvetadze B. Separation of enantiomers of chiral sulfoxides in high-performance liquid chromatography with cellulose-based chiral selectors using acetonitrile and acetonitrile-water mixtures as mobile phases. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1609:460445. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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11
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Carradori S, Secci D, Guglielmi P, Pierini M, Cirilli R. High-performance liquid chromatography enantioseparation of chiral 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide derivatives on cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1610:460572. [PMID: 31606155 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recently it has been reported that immobilized chlorinated-type chiral stationary phases based on cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) are able to express an outstanding enantioselectivity towards the structure of 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide. We now introduce two homologue series of chiral sulfoxides based on the same 2-(sulfinyl)benzoyl core as the prototype of new selectands for HPLC, whose enantioselectivity could be modulable through the replacement of the benzyl group with an unbranched alkyl chain varying in length from 1 to 5 carbon atoms. HPLC parameters such as mobile phase composition and column temperature have been carefully evaluated in order to get pertinent structure-enantioselectivity relationships. The enantiomer elution order was unambiguously determined by a combined strategy involving theoretical and experimental procedures. Two cases of temperature-dependent inversion of the elution order of enantiomers in the operative temperature range of chiral chromatographic support were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Carradori
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università "G. d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Daniela Secci
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Guglielmi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Pierini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Cirilli
- Centro nazionale per il controllo e la valutazione dei farmaci, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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12
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Rotondi G, Guglielmi P, Carradori S, Secci D, De Monte C, De Filippis B, Maccallini C, Amoroso R, Cirilli R, Akdemir A, Angeli A, Supuran CT. Design, synthesis and biological activity of selective hCAs inhibitors based on 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzoic acid scaffold. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 34:1400-1413. [PMID: 31401897 PMCID: PMC6713143 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1651315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A large library of derivatives based on the scaffold of 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzoic acid were synthesised and tested as atypical inhibitors against four different isoforms of human carbonic anhydrase (hCA I, II, IX and XII, EC 4.2.1.1). The exploration of the chemical space around the main functional groups led to the discovery of selective hCA IX inhibitors in the micromolar/nanomolar range, thus establishing robust structure-activity relationships within this versatile scaffold. HPLC separation of some selected chiral compounds and biological evaluation of the corresponding enantiomers was performed along with molecular modelling studies on the most active derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Rotondi
- a Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Paolo Guglielmi
- a Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Simone Carradori
- b Department of Pharmacy, "G. D'Annunzio", University of Chieti-Pescara , Chieti , Italy
| | - Daniela Secci
- a Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Celeste De Monte
- a Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Barbara De Filippis
- b Department of Pharmacy, "G. D'Annunzio", University of Chieti-Pescara , Chieti , Italy
| | - Cristina Maccallini
- b Department of Pharmacy, "G. D'Annunzio", University of Chieti-Pescara , Chieti , Italy
| | - Rosa Amoroso
- b Department of Pharmacy, "G. D'Annunzio", University of Chieti-Pescara , Chieti , Italy
| | - Roberto Cirilli
- c Centro Nazionale per il Controllo e la Valutazione dei Farmaci, Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome , Italy
| | - Atilla Akdemir
- d Computer-aided Drug Discovery Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Bezmialem Vakif University , Fatih, Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Andrea Angeli
- e Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino (Florence) , Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- e Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino (Florence) , Italy
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13
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Guglielmi P, Carradori S, Poli G, Secci D, Cirilli R, Rotondi G, Chimenti P, Petzer A, Petzer JP. Design, Synthesis, Docking Studies and Monoamine Oxidase Inhibition of a Small Library of 1-acetyl- and 1-thiocarbamoyl-3,5-diphenyl-4,5-dihydro-(1H)-pyrazoles. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24030484. [PMID: 30700029 PMCID: PMC6384781 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
New N-acetyl/N-thiocarbamoylpyrazoline derivatives were designed and synthesized in high yields to assess their inhibitory activity and selectivity against human monoamine oxidase A and B. The most important chiral compounds were separated into their single enantiomers and tested. The impact of the substituents at N1, C3 and C5 positions as well the influence of the configuration of the C5 on the biological activity were analyzed. Bulky aromatic groups at C5 were not tolerated. p-Prenyloxyaryl moiety at C3 oriented the selectivity toward the B isoform. The results were also corroborated by molecular modelling studies providing new suggestions for the synthesis of privileged structures to serve as lead compounds for the treatment of mood disorders and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Guglielmi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Simone Carradori
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Giulio Poli
- Department of Pharmacy, Università di Pisa, via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Daniela Secci
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Roberto Cirilli
- Centro nazionale per il controllo e la valutazione dei farmaci, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giulia Rotondi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Paola Chimenti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Anél Petzer
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
| | - Jacobus P Petzer
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
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14
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Zhao L, Li H, Dong S, Shi Y. Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Materials Containing a Nanocellulose Derivative as Chiral Selector. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1985:171-181. [PMID: 31069735 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9438-0_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid organic-inorganic materials (HOIM), with high mechanical stability, large surface area, tailored pore size, controlled morphology, and organic loading have shown superior chiral separation performance. In this chapter, the preparation of hybrid organic-inorganic materials of core-shell silica microspheres by a layer-by-layer self-assembly method is described. The enantioseparation performance by high-performance liquid chromatography is illustrated by various types of chiral compounds under normal- and reversed-phase elution conditions. The chiral selector of nanocrystalline cellulose derivative hybrid organic-inorganic materials showed good performance in the separation of enantiomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources of CAS and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources of CAS and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuqing Dong
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources of CAS and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanping Shi
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources of CAS and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
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15
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Cirilli R. HPLC Enantioseparations with Polysaccharide-Based Chiral Stationary Phases in HILIC Conditions. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1985:127-146. [PMID: 31069732 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9438-0_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to achiral hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC), which is a popular and largely applied technique to analyze polar compounds such as pharmaceuticals, metabolites, proteins, peptides, amino acids, oligonucleotides, and carbohydrates, the introduction of the HILIC concept in enantioselective chromatography has been relatively recent and scarcely debated. In this chapter, the HILIC enantioseparations carried out on polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases are grouped and discussed. Another objective of this chapter is to provide a comprehensive overview and insight into the experimental conditions needed to operate under HILIC mode. Finally, to stimulate and facilitate the application of this chromatographic technique, a detailed experimental protocol of a chiral resolution on a chlorinated cellulose-based chiral stationary phase under HILIC conditions is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Cirilli
- National Institute of Health, Centre for the Control and Evaluation of Medicines, Rome, Italy.
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16
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Cirilli R, Carradori S, Casulli A, Pierini M. A chromatographic study on the retention behavior of the amylose tris(3-chloro-5-methylphenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase under aqueous conditions. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:4014-4021. [PMID: 30194899 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the retention properties of the immobilized polysaccharide-derived Chiralpak IG-3 chiral stationary phase under aqueous-organic conditions were investigated. A systematic evaluation of the retention factors of the enantiomers of the chiral sulfoxide oxfendazole, endowed with anthelmintic activity and selected as test compound, was carried out changing progressively the water content in hydro-organic eluents containing methanol, ethanol or acetonitrile. From the results obtained with acetonitrile/water mobile phases and the associated retention plots, clear U-shape retention dependencies, indicative of the interplay of both hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography and reversed-phase modes, were highlighted. A U-turn point of retention mechanism was recorded in correspondence of the acetonitrile/water 100:40 v/v mobile phase. Retention was significantly affected by small percentages of trifluoroacetic acid or diethylamine additives incorporated in the mobile phase. It is worth emphasizing that the basic additive was more effective in reducing retention in the reversed-phase region, while the action of acid additive was more pronounced in the hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography region. Finally, either in the transition from hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography to reversed-phase conditions or after additive addition, the enantioselectivity did not vary significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Cirilli
- Centro nazionale per il controllo e la valutazione dei farmaci, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Carradori
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università "G. D'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Adriano Casulli
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Parasites, Department of infectious diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.,World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for the epidemiology, detection and control of cystic and alveolar echinococcosis, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Pierini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
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17
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Hysteresis of retention and enantioselectivity on amylose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phases in mixtures of 2-propanol and methanol. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1568:149-159. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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18
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Ferretti R, Zanitti L, Casulli A, Cirilli R. Unusual retention behavior of omeprazole and its chiral impurities B and E on the amylose tris (3-chloro-5-methylphenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase in polar organic mode. J Pharm Anal 2018; 8:234-239. [PMID: 30140487 PMCID: PMC6104149 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent reports have demonstrated that the new commercially available immobilized-type chiral stationary phases (CSPs) containing amylose tris(3-chloro-5-methylphenylcarbamate) (ACMPC) as a selector exhibit not only an exceptionally high enantioselectivity in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) but they are also applicable to a wide range of chiral analytes. Herein, we report the results obtained in the HPLC analysis of omeprazole and its impurities B and E on the ACMPC-based Chiralpak IG-3 CSP (CSP) under polar organic conditions. A systematic evaluation of the retention characteristics of the selected benzimidazole chiral probes was carried out by changing the composition of the mobile phase and the column temperature. It is worth emphasizing that the high affinity of both enantiomers of all analytes recorded in pure methanol mode dramatically decreased incorporating small volumes of either basic or acid additives in the mobile phase. Unspecified sites of the IG-3 CSP presumably involved in strong and non-stereoselective H-bonding contacts with chiral analytes are assumed responsible for the unproductive retention process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosella Ferretti
- Centro nazionale per il controllo e la valutazione dei farmaci, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Leo Zanitti
- Centro nazionale per il controllo e la valutazione dei farmaci, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Adriano Casulli
- European Union Reference Laboratory for the Parasites, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.,World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for the Epidemiology, Detection and Control of Cystic and Alveolar Echinococcosis (In Animals and Humans), Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Cirilli
- Centro nazionale per il controllo e la valutazione dei farmaci, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
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19
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Ferretti R, Zanitti L, Cirilli R. Development of a high-performance liquid chromatography method for the simultaneous determination of chiral impurities and assay of (S
)-clopidogrel using a cellulose-based chiral stationary phase in methanol/water mode. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:1208-1215. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201701191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosella Ferretti
- Centro nazionale per il controllo e la valutazione dei farmaci; Istituto Superiore di Sanità; Rome Italy
| | - Leo Zanitti
- Centro nazionale per il controllo e la valutazione dei farmaci; Istituto Superiore di Sanità; Rome Italy
| | - Roberto Cirilli
- Centro nazionale per il controllo e la valutazione dei farmaci; Istituto Superiore di Sanità; Rome Italy
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20
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Chen L, Capone DL, Jeffery DW. Chiral analysis of 3-sulfanylhexan-1-ol and 3-sulfanylhexyl acetate in wine by high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 998:83-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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21
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A chromatographic study on the exceptional chiral recognition of 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide by an immobilized-type chiral stationary phase based on cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate). J Chromatogr A 2018; 1531:151-156. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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22
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Szabó ZI, Foroughbakhshfasaei M, Noszál B, Tóth G. Enantioseparation of racecadotril using polysaccharide-type chiral stationary phases in polar organic mode. Chirality 2017; 30:95-105. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.22772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán-István Szabó
- Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tîrgu Mureş; Tîrgu Mureş Romania
| | | | - Béla Noszál
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Semmelweis University; Budapest Hungary
| | - Gergő Tóth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Semmelweis University; Budapest Hungary
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