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Zou Y, Wu S, Wen F, Ge Y, Luo S. PGC-1α Inhibits Schwann Cell Dedifferentiation and Delays Peripheral Nerve Degeneration by Targeting PON1. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:3767-3781. [PMID: 37526811 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01395-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
PPARγ coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) is an essential transcription factor co-activator that regulates gene transcription and neural regeneration. Schwann cells, which are unique glial cells in peripheral nerves that dedifferentiate after peripheral nerve injury (PNI) and are released from degenerative nerves. Wallerian degeneration is a series of stereotypical events that occurs in response to nerve fibers after PNI. The role of PGC-1α in Schwann cell dedifferentiation and Wallerian degeneration is not yet clear. As Wallerian degeneration plays a crucial role in PNI, we conducted a study to determine whether PGC-1α has an effect on peripheral nerve degeneration after injury. We examined the expression of PGC-1α after sciatic nerve crush or transection using Western blotting and found that PGC-1α expression increased after PNI. Then we utilized ex vivo and in vitro models to investigate the effects of PGC-1α inhibition and activation on Schwann cell dedifferentiation and nerve degeneration. Our findings indicate that PGC-1α negatively regulates Schwann cell dedifferentiation and nerve degeneration. Through the use of RNA-seq, siRNA/plasmid transfection and reversal experiments, we identified that PGC-1α targets inhibit the expression of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) during Schwann cell dedifferentiation in degenerated nerves. In summary, PGC-1α plays a crucial role in preventing Schwann cell dedifferentiation and its activation can reduce peripheral nerve degeneration by targeting PON1. PGC-1α inhibits Schwann cell dedifferentiation and peripheral nerve degeneration. PGC-1α negatively regulates Schwann cell dedifferentiation and peripheral nerve degeneration after injury by targeting PON1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Postdoctoral Research Station of Biology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No. 601, West Huangpu Avenue, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, No. 601, West Huangpu Avenue, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Shu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, No. 601, West Huangpu Avenue, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei Wen
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, No. 601, West Huangpu Avenue, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanlong Ge
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, No. 601, West Huangpu Avenue, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Shengkang Luo
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Postdoctoral Research Station of Biology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No. 601, West Huangpu Avenue, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, China.
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Ng ML, Ang X, Yap KY, Ng JJ, Goh ECH, Khoo BBJ, Richards AM, Drum CL. Novel Oxidative Stress Biomarkers with Risk Prognosis Values in Heart Failure. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030917. [PMID: 36979896 PMCID: PMC10046491 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS), which in cardiovascular and other disease states, damage DNA, lipids, proteins, other cellular and extra-cellular components. OS is both initiated by, and triggers inflammation, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, matrix remodeling, myocardial fibrosis, and neurohumoral activation. These have been linked to the development of heart failure (HF). Circulating biomarkers generated by OS offer potential utility in patient management and therapeutic targeting. Novel OS-related biomarkers such as NADPH oxidases (sNox2-dp, Nrf2), advanced glycation end-products (AGE), and myeloperoxidase (MPO), are signaling molecules reflecting pathobiological changes in HF. This review aims to evaluate current OS-related biomarkers and their associations with clinical outcomes and to highlight those with greatest promise in diagnosis, risk stratification and therapeutic targeting in HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Li Ng
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Xu Ang
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Kwan Yi Yap
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Jun Jie Ng
- Vascular Surgery, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, National University Heart Centre, Singapore 119074, Singapore
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Eugene Chen Howe Goh
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Benjamin Bing Jie Khoo
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Arthur Mark Richards
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 9, NUHCS, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Chester Lee Drum
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block, Level 9, NUHCS, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Correspondence:
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Paraoxonase-1 Facilitates PRRSV Replication by Interacting with Viral Nonstructural Protein-9 and Inhibiting Type I Interferon Pathway. Viruses 2022; 14:v14061203. [PMID: 35746674 PMCID: PMC9230610 DOI: 10.3390/v14061203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Paraoxonase-1 (PON1), an esterase with specifically paraoxonase activity, has been proven to be involved in inflammation and infection. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is still a major concern in pigs and causes severe economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. In this study, the role of PON1 was investigated in porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) during PRRSV infection. The results showed that PRRSV replication downregulated PON1, and the knockdown of PON1 significantly decreased PRRSV replication. Similarly, PON1 overexpression could enhance PRRSV replication. Interestingly, we observed that PON1 interacted with PRRSV nonstructural protein 9 (Nsp9), the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, and the knockdown of PON1 lowered the RNA binding ability of Nsp9, suggesting that PON1 can facilitate Nsp9 function in viral replication. In addition, the knockdown of PON1 expression led to the amplification of type I interferon (IFN) genes and vice versa. In summary, our data demonstrate that PON1 facilitates PRRSV replication by interacting with Nsp9 and inhibiting the type I IFN signaling pathway. Hence, PON1 may be an additional component of the anti-PRRSV defenses.
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Khalaf FK, Mohammed CJ, Dube P, Connolly JA, Lad A, Ashraf UM, Breidenbach JD, Su RC, Kleinhenz AL, Malhotra D, Gohara AF, Haller ST, Kennedy DJ. Paraoxonase-1 Regulation of Renal Inflammation and Fibrosis in Chronic Kidney Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050900. [PMID: 35624764 PMCID: PMC9137734 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Papraoxonase-1 (PON1) is a hydrolytic lactonase enzyme that is synthesized in the liver and circulates attached to high-density lipoproteins (HDL). Clinical studies have demonstrated an association between diminished PON-1 and the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, whether decreased PON-1 is mechanistically linked to renal injury is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that the absence of PON-1 is mechanistically linked to the progression of renal inflammation and injury in CKD. Experiments were performed on control Dahl salt-sensitive rats (SSMcwi, hereafter designated SS rats) and Pon1 knock-out rats (designated SS-Pon1em1Mcwi, hereafter designated SS-PON-1 KO rats) generated by injecting a CRISPR targeting the sequence into SSMcwi rat embryos. The resulting mutation is a 7 bp frameshift insertion in exon 4 of the PON-1 gene. First, to examine the renal protective role of PON-1 in settings of CKD, ten-week-old, age-matched male rats were maintained on a high-salt diet (8% NaCl) for up to 5 weeks to initiate the salt-sensitive hypertensive renal disease characteristic of this model. We found that SS-PON-1 KO rats demonstrated several hallmarks of increased renal injury vs. SS rats including increased renal fibrosis, sclerosis, and tubular injury. SS-PON-1 KO also demonstrated increased recruitment of immune cells in the renal interstitium, as well as increased expression of inflammatory genes compared to SS rats (all p < 0.05). SS-PON-1 KO rats also showed a significant (p < 0.05) decline in renal function and increased renal oxidative stress compared to SS rats, despite no differences in blood pressure between the two groups. These findings suggest a new role for PON-1 in regulating renal inflammation and fibrosis in the setting of chronic renal disease independent of blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatimah K. Khalaf
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA; (F.K.K.); (C.J.M.); (P.D.); (J.A.C.); (A.L.); (U.M.A.); (J.D.B.); (R.C.S.); (A.L.K.); (D.M.); (A.F.G.); (S.T.H.)
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Alkafeel, Najaf 54001, Iraq
| | - Chrysan J. Mohammed
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA; (F.K.K.); (C.J.M.); (P.D.); (J.A.C.); (A.L.); (U.M.A.); (J.D.B.); (R.C.S.); (A.L.K.); (D.M.); (A.F.G.); (S.T.H.)
| | - Prabhatchandra Dube
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA; (F.K.K.); (C.J.M.); (P.D.); (J.A.C.); (A.L.); (U.M.A.); (J.D.B.); (R.C.S.); (A.L.K.); (D.M.); (A.F.G.); (S.T.H.)
| | - Jacob A. Connolly
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA; (F.K.K.); (C.J.M.); (P.D.); (J.A.C.); (A.L.); (U.M.A.); (J.D.B.); (R.C.S.); (A.L.K.); (D.M.); (A.F.G.); (S.T.H.)
| | - Apurva Lad
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA; (F.K.K.); (C.J.M.); (P.D.); (J.A.C.); (A.L.); (U.M.A.); (J.D.B.); (R.C.S.); (A.L.K.); (D.M.); (A.F.G.); (S.T.H.)
| | - Usman M. Ashraf
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA; (F.K.K.); (C.J.M.); (P.D.); (J.A.C.); (A.L.); (U.M.A.); (J.D.B.); (R.C.S.); (A.L.K.); (D.M.); (A.F.G.); (S.T.H.)
| | - Joshua D. Breidenbach
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA; (F.K.K.); (C.J.M.); (P.D.); (J.A.C.); (A.L.); (U.M.A.); (J.D.B.); (R.C.S.); (A.L.K.); (D.M.); (A.F.G.); (S.T.H.)
| | - Robin C. Su
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA; (F.K.K.); (C.J.M.); (P.D.); (J.A.C.); (A.L.); (U.M.A.); (J.D.B.); (R.C.S.); (A.L.K.); (D.M.); (A.F.G.); (S.T.H.)
| | - Andrew L. Kleinhenz
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA; (F.K.K.); (C.J.M.); (P.D.); (J.A.C.); (A.L.); (U.M.A.); (J.D.B.); (R.C.S.); (A.L.K.); (D.M.); (A.F.G.); (S.T.H.)
| | - Deepak Malhotra
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA; (F.K.K.); (C.J.M.); (P.D.); (J.A.C.); (A.L.); (U.M.A.); (J.D.B.); (R.C.S.); (A.L.K.); (D.M.); (A.F.G.); (S.T.H.)
| | - Amira F. Gohara
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA; (F.K.K.); (C.J.M.); (P.D.); (J.A.C.); (A.L.); (U.M.A.); (J.D.B.); (R.C.S.); (A.L.K.); (D.M.); (A.F.G.); (S.T.H.)
| | - Steven T. Haller
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA; (F.K.K.); (C.J.M.); (P.D.); (J.A.C.); (A.L.); (U.M.A.); (J.D.B.); (R.C.S.); (A.L.K.); (D.M.); (A.F.G.); (S.T.H.)
| | - David J. Kennedy
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA; (F.K.K.); (C.J.M.); (P.D.); (J.A.C.); (A.L.); (U.M.A.); (J.D.B.); (R.C.S.); (A.L.K.); (D.M.); (A.F.G.); (S.T.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-419-383-6822
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Liu Y, Yang K, Wang L, Yang J, Wang Y, Luo H, Li P, Yin Y. Vitamin B6 prevents Isocarbophos-induced posterior cerebral artery injury in offspring rats through up-regulating S1P receptor expression. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2021; 53:1691-1701. [PMID: 34718372 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmab150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously reported that the long-term exposure of Isocarbophos, a kind of organophosphorus compounds, induces vascular dementia (VD) in rats. Studies have also shown that organophosphorus compounds have adverse effects on offsprings. Vitamin B6 is a coenzyme mainly involved in the regulation of metabolism and has been demonstrated to ameliorate VD. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a biologically active lipid, plays a vital role in the cardiovascular system. However, whether S1P is involved in the therapeutic effects of Vitamin B6 on posterior cerebral artery injury has yet to be further answered. In the present study, we aimed to explore the potential influence of Vitamin B6 on Isocarbophos-induced posterior cerebral artery injury in offspring rats and the role of the S1P receptor in this process. We found that Vitamin B6 significantly improves the vasoconstriction function of the posterior cerebral artery in rats induced by Isocarbophos by the blood gas analysis and endothelium-dependent relaxation function assay. We further demonstrated that Vitamin B6 alleviates the Isocarbophos-induced elevation of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, IL-1, and IL-6 by using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. By performing immunofluorescence and the western blot assay, we revealed that Vitamin B6 prevents the down-regulation of S1P in posterior cerebral artery injury. It is worth noting that Fingolimod, the S1P inhibitor, significantly inhibits the Vitamin B6-induced up-regulation of S1P in posterior cerebral artery injury. Collectively, our data indicate that Vitamin B6 may be a novel drug for the treatment of posterior cerebral artery injury and that S1P may be a drug target for its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Liu
- College of pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Kunli Yang
- Department of Physiology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637007, China
| | - Ling Wang
- College of pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang 453003, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Jinfang Yang
- College of pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Zhengzhou No.7 People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450016, China
| | - Yang Wang
- College of pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang 453003, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Hu Luo
- College of pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Peng Li
- College of pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Yaling Yin
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang 453003, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
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Liu JW, Liu HT, Chen L. The Therapeutic Role of Slit2 in Anti-fibrosis, Anti-inflammation and Anti-oxidative Stress in Rats with Coronary Heart Disease. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2021; 21:973-983. [PMID: 34410632 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-021-09688-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the efficacy of Slit2 in the rats with coronary heart disease (CHD). CHD model were constructed by feeding high-fat food and injecting with pituitrin in rat, followed by recombinant Slit2 treatment, and then the cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography, and the indicators concerning the cardiomyocyte injury markers and lipoprotein status and oxidative stress were measured. The Slit2 expression in the heart tissues was identified by immunofluorescence. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was carried out to detect inflammatory cytokines, H2DCFDA staining to determine the ROS generation in heart tissues, Masson trichrome staining to observe myocardial fibrosis, and qRT-PCR and Western blotting to detect gene and protein expressions. Slit2 decreased the levels of LDH, CK-MB, cTnI, TG, TC and LDL-C and increased HDL-C level in CHD rats. In the normal heart tissues, Slit2 expression was significantly lower in cardiomyocytes than cardiac fibroblasts. Furthermore, the expressions of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, fibronectin and TGF-β1 were increased in the heart tissues of CHD rats with the obvious myocardial fibrosis, which were dose-dependently reversed by recombinant Slit2. In addition, recombinant Slit2 also dose-dependently increased the activity of NO, SOD, CAT and GSH-Px, and decreased TNF-α, IL-6, MCP-1, MDA and ROS in CHD rats. Slit2 was downregulated in myocardial tissue and plasma of CHD rats. Recombinant Slit2, by regulating the level of blood lipid, can relieve the myocardial fibrosis, inflammation and oxidative stress in CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Wei Liu
- Heart Function Examination Room, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Hubei, China
| | - Hai-Tao Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Binzhou People's Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, the People's Hospital of Rizhao, No. 126, Tai'an Road, Rizhao, 276826, China.
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Morris G, Berk M, Walder K, O'Neil A, Maes M, Puri BK. The lipid paradox in neuroprogressive disorders: Causes and consequences. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 128:35-57. [PMID: 34118292 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic systemic inflammation is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in an environment of low low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and low total cholesterol and with the pathophysiology of neuroprogressive disorders. The causes and consequences of this lipid paradox are explored. Circulating activated neutrophils can release inflammatory molecules such as myeloperoxidase and the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha. Since activated neutrophils are associated with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease and with major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, it seems reasonable to hypothesise that the inflammatory molecules released by them may act as mediators of the link between systemic inflammation and the development of atherosclerosis in neuroprogressive disorders. This hypothesis is tested by considering the association at a molecular level of systemic inflammation with increased LDL oxidation; increased small dense LDL levels; increased lipoprotein (a) concentration; secretory phospholipase A2 activation; cytosolic phospholipase A2 activation; increased platelet activation; decreased apolipoprotein A1 levels and function; decreased paroxonase-1 activity; hyperhomocysteinaemia; and metabolic endotoxaemia. These molecular mechanisms suggest potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerwyn Morris
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Deakin University, CMMR Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, the Department of Psychiatry and the Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ken Walder
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Adrienne O'Neil
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Michael Maes
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, King Chulalongkorn University Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
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Morris G, Puri BK, Bortolasci CC, Carvalho A, Berk M, Walder K, Moreira EG, Maes M. The role of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein A and paraoxonase-1 in the pathophysiology of neuroprogressive disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 125:244-263. [PMID: 33657433 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lowered high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol has been reported in major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, first episode of psychosis, and schizophrenia. HDL, its major apolipoprotein component, ApoA1, and the antioxidant enzyme paraoxonase (PON)1 (which is normally bound to ApoA1) all have anti-atherogenic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory roles, which are discussed in this paper. The paper details the pathways mediating the anti-inflammatory effects of HDL, ApoA1 and PON1 and describes the mechanisms leading to compromised HDL and PON1 levels and function in an environment of chronic inflammation. The molecular mechanisms by which changes in HDL, ApoA1 and PON1 might contribute to the pathophysiology of the neuroprogressive disorders are explained. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory actions of ApoM-mediated sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) signalling are reviewed as well as the deleterious effects of chronic inflammation and oxidative stress on ApoM/S1P signalling. Finally, therapeutic interventions specifically aimed at improving the levels and function of HDL and PON1 while reducing levels of inflammation and oxidative stress are considered. These include the so-called Mediterranean diet, extra virgin olive oil, polyphenols, flavonoids, isoflavones, pomegranate juice, melatonin and the Mediterranean diet combined with the ketogenic diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerwyn Morris
- Deakin University, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | | | - Chiara C Bortolasci
- Deakin University, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Deakin University, CMMR Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Andre Carvalho
- Deakin University, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Berk
- Deakin University, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, The Department of Psychiatry and The Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ken Walder
- Deakin University, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Deakin University, CMMR Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Estefania G Moreira
- Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Michael Maes
- Deakin University, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, King Chulalongkorn University Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Kotur-Stevuljević J, Vekić J, Stefanović A, Zeljković A, Ninić A, Ivanišević J, Miljković M, Sopić M, Munjas J, Mihajlović M, Spasić S, Jelić-Ivanović Z, Spasojević-Kalimanovska V. Paraoxonase 1 and atherosclerosis-related diseases. Biofactors 2020; 46:193-205. [PMID: 31400246 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A direct and an indirect relationship between paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and atherosclerosis exists. Given PON1's physical location within high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles and its recognized enzyme activity, it is certainly reasonable to suggest that PON1 facilitates the antiatherogenic nature of HDL particles. PON1 also plays a role in regulating reverse cholesterol transport, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, vasodilative, and antithrombotic activities and several endothelial cell functions. HDL dysfunctionality is a more recent issue and seems to be centered on pathological conditions affecting HDL structure and size profiles. This review is focused on the role of PON1 status in different atherosclerosis-related diseases that we have studied over the last twenty years (coronary heart disease, acute ischemic stroke, diabetes mellitus type 2, end-stage renal disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and sarcoidosis) with the aim to determine the true value of PON1 as a biomarker. The role of PON1 in cancer is also covered, as risk factors and mechanisms underlying both atherosclerosis and cancer share common features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Kotur-Stevuljević
- Department for Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Vekić
- Department for Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Stefanović
- Department for Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Zeljković
- Department for Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Ninić
- Department for Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jasmina Ivanišević
- Department for Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Miljković
- Department for Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miron Sopić
- Department for Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Munjas
- Department for Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Mihajlović
- Department for Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slavica Spasić
- Department for Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zorana Jelić-Ivanović
- Department for Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
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10
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Jeelani H, Ganie MA, Masood A, Amin S, Kawa IA, Fatima Q, Manzoor S, Parvez T, Naikoo NA, Rashid F. Assessment of PON1 activity and circulating TF levels in relation to BMI, testosterone, HOMA-IR, HDL-C, LDL-C, CHO, SOD activity and TAC in women with PCOS: An observational study. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:2907-2915. [PMID: 31425955 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is the most common female endocrinopathy among premenopausal women associated with hyperandrogenism, obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and inflammation. Oxidative stress is an important component of cardio-metabolic risk seen in PCOS. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 95 women with PCOS and 95 healthy controls were included in this observational study. Serum PON1 activity and stress markers were measured by spectrophotometric methods. Circulating TF level was measured by ELISA. RESULTS We found decreased PON1 activity and increased TF levels in women with PCOS compared to healthy controls. Fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, testosterone, LDL-C, MDA, PC and SOD activity were significantly increased whereas FGIR, QUICKI, HDLC, CAT and TAC were significantly decreased in PCOS women than controls. We observed a positive association of PON1 activity with FGIR, QUICKI, HDL-C and TAC, and its negative association was observed with LH, testosterone, fasting insulin and HOMA-IR in PCOS women. We further observed a positive association of TF with waist, waist to hip ratio, BMI, glucose 1hr, cholesterol, LDL-C, SGPT, uric acid and SOD activity in PCOS women. CONCLUSIONS Decreased PON1 activity and raised circulating TF levels are respective indicators of pro-inflammatory and procoagulant status in PCOS women. The imbalanced oxidant/antioxidant status further supports the evidences that PCOS is an oxidant state. Further, the association of PON1 activity and TF levels with the clinical, laboratory findings and stress marker levels suggest that these factors taken together are involved in aggravating the pro-inflammatory status in PCOS women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humira Jeelani
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Mohd Ashraf Ganie
- Department of Endocrinology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Akbar Masood
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Shajrul Amin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Iram Ashaq Kawa
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Qudsia Fatima
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Saika Manzoor
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Tabasum Parvez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Trust Hospital, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Niyaz Ahmad Naikoo
- Department of Biotechnology, Govt College for Women, M A Road, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Fouzia Rashid
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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11
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Zhang Y, Gordon SM, Xi H, Choi S, Paz MA, Sun R, Yang W, Saredy J, Khan M, Remaley AT, Wang JF, Yang X, Wang H. HDL subclass proteomic analysis and functional implication of protein dynamic change during HDL maturation. Redox Biol 2019; 24:101222. [PMID: 31153037 PMCID: PMC6541906 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent clinical trials reported that increasing high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels does not improve cardiovascular outcomes. We hypothesize that HDL proteome dynamics determine HDL cardioprotective functions. In this study, we characterized proteome profiles in HDL subclasses and established their functional connection. Mouse plasma was fractionized by fast protein liquid chromatography, examined for protein, cholesterial, phospholipid and trigliceride content. Small, medium and large (S/M/L)-HDL subclasseses were collected for proteomic analysis by mass spectrometry. Fifty-one HDL proteins (39 in S-HDL, 27 in M-HDL and 29 in L-HDL) were identified and grouped into 4 functional categories (lipid metabolism, immune response, coagulation, and others). Eleven HDL common proteins were identified in all HDL subclasses. Sixteen, 3 and 7 proteins were found only in S-HDL, M-HDL and L-HDL, respectively. We established HDL protein dynamic distribution in S/M/L-HDL and developed a model of protein composition change during HDL maturation. We found that cholesterol efflux and immune response are essential functions for all HDL particles, and amino acid metabolism is a special function of S-HDL, whereas anti-coagulation is special for M-HDL. Pon1 is recruited into M/L-HDL to provide its antioxidative function. ApoE is incorporated into L-HDL to optimize its cholesterial clearance function. Next, we acquired HDL proteome data from Pubmed and identified 12 replicated proteins in human and mouse HDL particle. Finally, we extracted 3 shared top moleccular pathways (LXR/RXR, FXR/RXR and acute phase response) for all HDL particles and 5 top disease/bio-functions differentially related to S/M/L-HDL subclasses, and presented one top net works for each HDL subclass. We conclude that beside their essencial functions of cholesterol efflux and immune response, HDL aquired antioxidative and cholesterol clearance functions by recruiting Pon1 and ApoE during HDL maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Zhang
- Cardiovascular Medicine Department, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Centers for Metabolic & Cardiovascular Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Scott M Gordon
- Cardiopulmonary Branch, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Building 10 Room 2C433, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA; Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Hang Xi
- Centers for Metabolic & Cardiovascular Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Seungbum Choi
- Centers for Metabolic & Cardiovascular Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Merlin Abner Paz
- Centers for Metabolic & Cardiovascular Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Runlu Sun
- Cardiovascular Medicine Department, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - William Yang
- Centers for Metabolic & Cardiovascular Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Jason Saredy
- Centers for Metabolic & Cardiovascular Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Mohsin Khan
- Centers for Metabolic & Cardiovascular Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Alan Thomas Remaley
- Cardiopulmonary Branch, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Building 10 Room 2C433, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jing-Feng Wang
- Cardiovascular Medicine Department, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Centers for Metabolic & Cardiovascular Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Hong Wang
- Centers for Metabolic & Cardiovascular Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
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12
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Vekic J, Kotur-Stevuljevic J. The Potential Importance of Paraoxonase-1 in Surgical Patients. J INVEST SURG 2019; 34:225-226. [PMID: 31039645 DOI: 10.1080/08941939.2019.1606964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Vekic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Kotur-Stevuljevic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
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13
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Michalickova D, Kotur-Stevuljevic J, Miljkovic M, Dikic N, Kostic-Vucicevic M, Andjelkovic M, Koricanac V, Djordjevic B. Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on Selected Parameters of Blood Prooxidant-Antioxidant Balance in Elite Athletes: A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study. J Hum Kinet 2018; 64:111-122. [PMID: 30429904 PMCID: PMC6231349 DOI: 10.1515/hukin-2017-0203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted, in order to evaluate if Lactobacillus helveticus Lafti® L10 (Lallemand Health Solutions, Montreal, Canada) supplementation during three months could influence oxidative markers in the population of elite athletes: triathletes, cyclists and endurance athletes. Twenty-two elite athletes were randomized to either placebo (n = 12) or probiotic (n = 10) groups. The probiotic group received 2x1010 colony forming units of Lafti® L10. Before and after the supplementation serum samples were collected. Markers of oxidative stress and anti-oxidative defense: superoxide dismutase (SOD), paraoxonase (PON), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance, oxidative stress index, bilirubin, uric acid and albumin were determined in serum. Parameters of lipid status, as well as susceptibility to copper-induced oxidation of LDL particles in vitro were also determined. There was a significant interaction effect for MDA (p = 0.039), with a decrease in MDA in the probiotic group only (p = 0.049). There was a significant interaction effect for AOPP (p = 0.037), with a significant decrease in the probiotic group (p = 0.045). Interaction effect for SOD was approaching to formal significance (p = 0.108) and the post-hoc test showed a significant decrease in the probiotic group (p = 0.041) only. A significant correlation between AOPP and SOD (p = 0.012, r = -0.40) was found in the probiotic group at the end of the study. PON1 activity was decreased in both the probiotic (p = 0.032) and placebo group (p = 0.035). No significant changes in the remainder of the evaluated parameters were noted. In conclusion, probiotic strain Lafti® L10 exerts certain antioxidant potential, but further research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danica Michalickova
- Institute of Pharmacology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jelena Kotur-Stevuljevic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Miljkovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nenad Dikic
- Sports Medicine Association of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | | | | | - Brizita Djordjevic
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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14
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Efrat M, Stein A, Pinkas H, Breitbart H, Unger R, Birk R. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) attenuates sperm hyperactivity and spontaneous acrosome reaction. Andrology 2018; 7:24-30. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Efrat
- Department of Nutrition Faculty of Health Sciences Ariel University ArielIsrael
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences Bar Ilan University Ramat‐GanIsrael
| | - A. Stein
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Infertility and In Vitro Fertilization Unit Belinson Medical Center Petah Tiqva Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv‐Yafo Israel
| | - H. Pinkas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Infertility and In Vitro Fertilization Unit Belinson Medical Center Petah Tiqva Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv‐Yafo Israel
| | - H. Breitbart
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences Bar Ilan University Ramat‐GanIsrael
| | - R. Unger
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences Bar Ilan University Ramat‐GanIsrael
| | - R. Birk
- Department of Nutrition Faculty of Health Sciences Ariel University ArielIsrael
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15
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Ivaniševic J, Vekic J, Zeljkovic A, Stefanovic A, Kotur-Stevuljevic J, Spasojevic-Kalimanovska V, Spasic S, Vucinic-Mihailovic V, Videnovic-Ivanov J, Jelic-Ivanovic Z. Associations of lipoprotein subclasses and oxidative stress status in pulmonary and pulmonary plus extrapulmonary sarcoidosis. SARCOIDOSIS VASCULITIS AND DIFFUSE LUNG DISEASES 2018; 35:198-205. [PMID: 32476903 DOI: 10.36141/svdld.v35i3.6573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background: Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory disease with pulmonary and extrapulmonary manifestations. In such pathologic conditions, increased oxidative stress and rearrangement of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) may occur. Objective: This study evaluated association of oxidative stress and lipoprotein subclasses in severe forms of pulmonary and pulmonary plus extrapulmonary sarcoidosis. Methods: Lipid parameters, LDL and HDL subclass distributions, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), serum amyloid A (SAA), paraoxonase 1 (PON1), malondialdehyde (MDA), total-oxidant status (TOS), sulfhydryl (SH) groups, pro-oxidant anti-oxidant balance (PAB) were determined in 77 patients (53 isolated pulmonary and 24 pulmonary plus extrapulmonary) and 139 controls. Results: Both pulmonary and extrapulmonary sarcoidosis patients had significantly higher levels of triglycerides and TOS (P<0.05) and more LDL II, LDL III, LDL IVA particles (P<0.01), but lower HDL size, SH groups (P<0.001), PON1 activity and less LDL I subclasses (P<0.05) than controls. In isolated pulmonary disease, HDL-cholesterol (P<0.01) was significantly lower whereas proportions of HDL 3a and PAB were significantly higher (P<0.05) when compared with the control group. PON1 was significantly higher in pulmonary than in combined pulmonary-extrapulmonary disease (P<0.05). In pulmonary sarcoidosis, TOS and PON1 correlated significantly with small-sized HDL particles (P<0.05). Conclusions: Both patient groups were characterized by adverse lipoprotein profile and elevated oxidative stress. In isolated pulmonary group significant associations of oxidative stress and HDL particles distribution was demonstrated. Pulmonary sarcoidosis was associated with higher PON1 activity and rearrangement of LDL particles did not depend on disease localization. (Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis 2018; 35: 198-205).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmina Ivaniševic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Vekic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Zeljkovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Kotur-Stevuljevic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Slavica Spasic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | | | - Zorana Jelic-Ivanovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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16
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Effect of six oximes on acutely anticholinesterase inhibitor-induced oxidative stress in rat plasma and brain. Arch Toxicol 2017; 92:745-757. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-017-2101-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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17
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Chen WQ, Xie ZZ, Wang X, Zhao JH, Hu Q, Chen YH, Gao WY, Liu Y. Influences of PON1 on airway inflammation and remodeling in bronchial asthma. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:793-805. [PMID: 28657647 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the influences of Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) involved in airway inflammation and remodeling in asthma. Mice were divided into control, asthma, asthma + PON1 and asthma + NC groups, and asthma models were established via aerosol inhalation of ovalbumin (OVA). HE, Masson, and PAS stains were used to observe airway inflammation and remodeling, Giemsa staining to assess inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), qRT-PCR and Western blot to detect PON1 expression, lipid peroxidation and glutathione assays to quantify malondialdehyde (MDA) activity and glutathione peroxidase (GSH) levels, ELISA to determine inflammatory cytokines and immunoglobulin, and colorimetry to detect PON1 activities. Additionally, mice lung macrophages and fibroblasts were transfected with PON1 plasmid in vitro; ELISA and qRT-PCR were performed to understand the effects of PON1 on inflammatory cytokines secreted by lung macrophages, MTT assay for lung fibroblasts proliferation and qRT-PCR and Western blot for the expressions of PON1, COL1A1, and fibronectin. After overexpression of PON1, the asthma mice had decreased inflammatory cell infiltration, fibrosis degree, and airway wall thickness; inflammatory cells and inflammatory cytokines in BALF were also reduced, expressions of OVA-IgE and IgG1, and MDA activity were decreased, but the expressions of OVA-IgG2a and INF-γ and GSH levels were increased. Besides, PON1 significantly inhibited microphage expression of LPS-induced inflammatory cytokines, lung fibroblast proliferation, and COL1A1 and fibronectin expression. Thus, PON1 could relieve airway inflammation and airway remodeling in asthmatic mice and inhibit the secretion of LPS-induced macrophage inflammatory cytokines and the proliferation of lung fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Qiang Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, No.2 People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan Province, P.R. China
| | - Zuo-Zhou Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, No.2 People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan Province, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, No.2 People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan Province, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Hong Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, No.2 People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan Province, P.R. China
| | - Qin Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, No.2 People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan Province, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Hua Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, No.2 People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan Province, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Yong Gao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, No.2 People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan Province, P.R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, No.2 People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan Province, P.R. China
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18
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Surface-modified TiO2 nanoparticles with ascorbic acid: Antioxidant properties and efficiency against DNA damage in vitro. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 155:323-331. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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19
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Vukicevic P, Mikic A, Kotur-Stevuljevic J, Bogavac-Stanojevic N, Milic N, Nikolic L, Martinovic J. Oxidative stress and platelet activation during on-pump and off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with double grafted vessels. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2016.1217168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Petar Vukicevic
- Department for Cardiac Surgery, Military Medical Academy , Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Mikic
- Clinic for Cardiac Surgery, UC Clinical Centre , Belgrade, Serbia
- Department of Surgery with Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade , Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Kotur-Stevuljevic
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department for Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade , Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Natasa Milic
- Department of Surgery with Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade , Belgrade, Serbia
- Department for Medical Statistics and Informatics , Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ljubinka Nikolic
- Department for Hematology and Transfusion Laboratory, Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, UC Clinical Centre , Belgrade, Serbia
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Karadas S, Aslan M, Ceylan MR, Sunnetcioglu M, Bozan N, Kara H, Demir H. Serum paraoxonase activity and oxidative stress levels in patients with cutaneous anthrax. Hum Exp Toxicol 2016; 36:663-669. [PMID: 27461010 DOI: 10.1177/0960327116661020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Anthrax is a bacterial disease caused by the aerobic sporeforming bacterium Bacillus anthracis. It has been suggested that oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of B. anthracis. The aim of this study was to investigate serum paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity, catalase activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in patients with cutaneous anthrax. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifteen patients with cutaneous anthrax and 15 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. The serum MDA levels, SOD levels, paraoxonase, arylesterase, and catalase activities were measured using a spectrophotometer. RESULTS The serum SOD levels, paraoxonase, arylesterase, and catalase activities were significantly lower in patients with cutaneous anthrax than in controls (for all, p < 0.001), whereas MDA levels were significantly higher ( p < 0.001). No significant correlation was found between serum paraoxonase activity, arylesterase activity, SOD levels, and MDA levels (all, p > 0.05) in patients with cutaneous anthrax. CONCLUSIONS The current study was the first to show decreased antioxidant levels and increased oxidant levels in patients with cutaneous anthrax. Therefore, decreased PON1 activity may play a role in the pathogenesis of cutaneous anthrax.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Karadas
- 1 Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medical, Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - M Aslan
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical, Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - M R Ceylan
- 3 Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medical, Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - M Sunnetcioglu
- 3 Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medical, Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - N Bozan
- 4 Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medical, Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - H Kara
- 1 Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medical, Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - H Demir
- 5 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art, Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, Turkey
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Ivanišević J, Kotur-Stevuljević J, Stefanović A, Spasić S, Vučinić Mihailović V, Videnović Ivanov J, Jelić-Ivanović Z. Association of serum amyloid A and oxidative stress with paraoxonase 1 in sarcoidosis patients. Eur J Clin Invest 2016; 46:418-24. [PMID: 26919159 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been reported that high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant roles thanks to different enzymes such as paraoxonase 1 (PON1). Under inflammatory and oxidative stress conditions, HDL particles may lose their protective properties. Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory disease characterized by excessive oxidative stress. Serum amyloid A (SAA) is produced in liver and in granulomas, and its concentration increases in inflammatory conditions contributing to increased catabolism of HDL particles. The aim of our study was to determine PON1 activity, SAA concentration and their associations in patients with sarcoidosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Inflammatory [high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), SAA], lipid [total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), triglycerides (TG)] oxidative stress status parameters [total oxidant status (TOS), malondialdehyde (MDA), pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB), sulfhydryl (SH) groups] and PON1 activities were determined in serum of 72 patients with sarcoidosis and 62 healthy subjects. RESULTS HsCRP (P < 0·05), TC, LDL-c, TG, SAA, TOS, MDA and PAB (P < 0·001) were significantly higher, whereas HDL-c, SH groups and PON1 activity (P < 0·001) were significantly lower in patients with sarcoidosis when compared with controls. PON1 showed significant association with SAA, MDA and PAB. It was shown that 71% of decrease in PON1 activity may be explained by increase in TOS, PAB and SAA concentration. CONCLUSIONS We found decreased PON1 activity and increased SAA concentration in patients with sarcoidosis. Inflammatory condition presented by high SAA was implicated in impaired HDL functionality evident through dysregulated PON1 activity. Excessive oxidative stress was also involved in dysregulation of PON1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmina Ivanišević
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Kotur-Stevuljević
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Stefanović
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slavica Spasić
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | | | - Zorana Jelić-Ivanović
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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22
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Soler L, Miller I, Hummel K, Razzazi-Fazeli E, Jessen F, Escribano D, Niewold T. Growth promotion in pigs by oxytetracycline coincides with down regulation of serum inflammatory parameters and of hibernation-associated protein HP-27. Electrophoresis 2016; 37:1277-86. [PMID: 26914286 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The growth promoting effect of supplementing animal feed with antibiotics like tetracycline has traditionally been attributed to their antibiotic character. However, more evidence has been accumulated on their direct anti-inflammatory effect during the last two decades. Here we used a pig model to explore the systemic molecular effect of feed supplementation with sub therapeutic levels of oxytetracycline (OTC) by analysis of serum proteome changes. Results showed that OTC promoted growth, coinciding with a significant down regulation of different serum proteins related to inflammation, oxidation and lipid metabolism, confirming the anti-inflammatory mechanism of OTC. Interestingly, apart from the classic acute phase reactants also down regulation was seen of a hibernation associated plasma protein (HP-27), which is to our knowledge the first description in pigs. Although the exact function in non-hibernators is unclear, down regulation of HP-27 could be consistent with increased appetite, which is possibly linked to the anti-inflammatory action of OTC. Given that pigs are good models for human medicine due to their genetic and physiologic resemblance, the present results might also be used for rational intervention in human diseases in which inflammation plays an important role such as obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Soler
- Livestock-Nutrition-Quality Division, Department of Biosystems, Faculty of Biosciences Engineering, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Ingrid Miller
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karin Hummel
- VetCore Facility for Research, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Flemming Jessen
- Division of Industrial Food Research, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Damian Escribano
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis, Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Theo Niewold
- Livestock-Nutrition-Quality Division, Department of Biosystems, Faculty of Biosciences Engineering, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
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Shen H, Robertson LW, Ludewig G. Regulatory effects of dioxin-like and non-dioxin-like PCBs and other AhR ligands on the antioxidant enzymes paraoxonase 1/2/3. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:2108-2118. [PMID: 26006071 PMCID: PMC4662644 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4722-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Paraoxonase 1 (PON1), an antioxidant enzyme, is believed to play a critical role in many diseases, including cancer. PCBs are widespread environmental contaminants known to induce oxidative stress and cancer and to produce changes in gene expression of various pro-oxidant and antioxidant enzymes. Thus, it appeared of interest to explore whether PCBs may modulate the activity and/or gene expression of PON1 as well. In this study, we compared the effects of dioxin-like and non-dioxin-like PCBs and of various aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligands on PON1 regulation and activity in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. Our results demonstrate that (i) the non-dioxin-like PCB154, PCB155, and PCB184 significantly reduced liver and serum PON1 activities, but only in male rats; (ii) the non-dioxin-like PCB153, the most abundant PCB in many matrices, did not affect PON1 messenger RNA (mRNA) level in the liver but significantly decreased serum PON1 activity in male rats; (iii) PCB126, an AhR ligand and dioxin-like PCB, increased both PON1 activities and gene expression; and (iv) even though three tested AhR ligands induced CYP1A in several tissues to a similar extent, they displayed differential effects on the three PONs and AhR, i.e., PCB126 was an efficacious inducer of PON1, PON2, PON3, and AhR in the liver, while 3-methylcholantrene induced liver AhR and lung PON3, and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), the most potent AhR agonist, increased only PON3 in the lung, at the doses and exposure times used in these studies. These results show that PCBs may have an effect on the antioxidant protection by paraoxonases in exposed populations and that regulation of gene expression through AhR is highly diverse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Shen
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, Graduate College, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Larry W Robertson
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, Graduate College, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, 100 Oakdale Campus, 214 IREH, Iowa City, IA, 52242-5000, USA
| | - Gabriele Ludewig
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, Graduate College, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, 100 Oakdale Campus, 214 IREH, Iowa City, IA, 52242-5000, USA.
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24
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Li P, Yin YL, Zhu ML, Pan GP, Zhao FR, Lu JX, Liu Z, Wang SX, Hu CP. Chronic administration of isocarbophos induces vascular cognitive impairment in rats. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 20:731-9. [PMID: 26818681 PMCID: PMC5125717 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular dementia, being the most severe form of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI), is caused by cerebrovascular disease. Whether organophosphorus causes VCI remains unknown. Isocarbophos (0.5 mg/kg per 2 days) was intragastrically administrated to rats for 16 weeks. The structure and function of cerebral arteries were assayed. The learning and memory were evaluated by serial tests of step-down, step-through and morris water maze. Long-term administration of isocarbophos reduced the hippocampal acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and acetylcholine (ACh) content but did not alter the plasma AChE activity, and significantly damaged the functions of learning and memory. Moreover, isocarbophos remarkably induced endothelial dysfunction in the middle cerebral artery and the expressions of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in the posterior cerebral artery. Morphological analysis by light microscopy and electron microscopy indicated disruptions of the hippocampus and vascular wall in the cerebral arteries from isocarbophos-treated rats. Treatment of isocarbophos injured primary neuronal and astroglial cells isolated from rats. Correlation analysis demonstrated that there was a high correlation between vascular function of cerebral artery and hippocampal AChE activity or ACh content in rats. In conclusion, chronic administration of isocarbophos induces impairments of memory and learning, which is possibly related to cerebral vascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical College, Central South University, Changsha, China.,College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ya-Ling Yin
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Tongji Medical School, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Mo-Li Zhu
- Sanqun Medical College, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Guo-Pin Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical College, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fan-Rong Zhao
- Sanqun Medical College, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jun-Xiu Lu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhan Liu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuang-Xi Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chang-Ping Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical College, Central South University, Changsha, China
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25
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Turan M, Ucler R, Aslan M, Kalkan F, Taskın A, Garca MF, Cankaya H. Serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities in patients with chronic otitis media. Redox Rep 2015; 20:241-5. [PMID: 25968808 DOI: 10.1179/1351000215y.0000000012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) prevents oxidative stress by inhibiting the oxidation of cell membrane lipids by the reactive oxygen species that form during acute and chronic inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate serum PON1 activity and oxidative stress in patients with chronic otitis media (COM). METHODS Fifty consecutive patients with COM and 55 controls were enrolled in the present study. The patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of cholesteatoma. The serum PON1 arylesterase activities and lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH) levels were determined. RESULTS Serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities were significantly lower in the COM patients than in the controls (P < 0.001 for all comparisons), whereas the LOOH levels were significantly higher (P < 0.001). DISCUSSION These results indicated that a lower level of PON1 activity was associated with an oxidant-antioxidant imbalance. In addition, decreased PON1 activity may play an important role in the pathophysiology of COM.
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26
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Esen R, Aslan M, Kucukoglu ME, Cıkman A, Yakan U, Sunnetcioglu M, Selek S. Serum paraoxonase activity, total thiols levels, and oxidative status in patients with acute brucellosis. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2015; 127:427-33. [PMID: 25708067 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-015-0720-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity may decrease during the course of infection and inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate serum PON1 activity, oxidative status, and thiols levels in patients with acute brucellosis. In addition, we investigated the PON1 phenotype in patients with acute brucellosis. Thirty patients with acute brucellosis and 35 healthy controls were enrolled. Serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities, thiols levels, lipid hydroperoxide levels, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) were determined. Serum basal and salt-stimulated paraoxonase-arylesterase activities, TAC levels and thiols levels were significantly lower in patients with acute brucellosis than controls (for all, p < 0.05), while LOOH levels, TOS levels, and OSI values were significantly higher (for all, p < 0.05). We concluded that oxidative stress is increased, while serum PON1 activity is decreased in patients with acute brucellosis. These results indicate that lower PON1 activity is associated with oxidant-antioxidant imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramazan Esen
- Medical Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine, Yuzuncu Yıl University, 65000, Van, Turkey
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27
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El-Ghamrawy MK, Hanna WM, Abdel-Salam A, El-Sonbaty MM, Youness ER, Adel A. Oxidant-antioxidant status in Egyptian children with sickle cell anemia: a single center based study. JORNAL DE PEDIATRIA (VERSÃO EM PORTUGUÊS) 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedp.2013.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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28
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El-Ghamrawy MK, Hanna WM, Abdel-Salam A, El-Sonbaty MM, Youness ER, Adel A. Oxidant-antioxidant status in Egyptian children with sickle cell anemia: a single center based study. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2014; 90:286-92. [PMID: 24508012 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2013.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Revised: 08/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE the present study was conducted to investigate the oxidant-antioxidant status in Egyptian children with sickle cell anemia. METHODS the serum levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAO), paraoxonase (PON), vitamin E, nitrite, and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in 40 steady state children with homozygous sickle cell anemia (24 males and 16 females) and 20 apparently healthy age- and gender-matched controls. RESULTS mean serum TAO, PON, vitamin E, and nitrite levels were significantly lower in the group with sickle cell anemia, whereas mean serum MDA was significantly higher in these children compared to controls. No significant differences in mean levels of TAO, PON, nitrite, vitamin E, and MDA were found in sickle cell anemia patients receiving hydroxyurea when compared with those not receiving hydroxyurea. A significant negative correlation between serum nitrite and the occurrence of vaso-occlusive crises (VOC) was observed (r=-0.3, p=0.04). PON level was found to be positively correlated with patients' weight and BMI (r=-0.4, p=0.01; r=-0.7, p<0.001, respectively), but not with frequency of VOC. The area under the curve of serum nitrite in predicting occurrence of VOC was 0.782, versus 0.701 for PON, and 0.650 for TAO (p=0.006). Serum MDA was not correlated with nitrite, PON, TAO, or vitamin E levels. No significant correlations were detected between serum nitrite and hemoglobin or antioxidant enzymes. CONCLUSION children with sickle cell anemia have chronic oxidative stress that may result in increased VOC, and decreased serum nitrite may be associated with increases in VOC frequency. A novel finding in this study is the decrease in PON level in these patients, which is an interesting subject for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amina Abdel-Salam
- Department of Pediatrics, New Children's Hospital, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Eman R Youness
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Adel
- Department of Child Health, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
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29
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Karadas S, Aslan M, Gonullu H, Kati C, Duran L, Olmez S, Kucukoglu ME, Demir H. Acetaminophen intoxication is associated with decreased serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities and increased lipid hydroperoxide levels. Hum Exp Toxicol 2014; 33:1134-40. [PMID: 24501102 DOI: 10.1177/0960327113511477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acetaminophen is at present one of the most commonly used analgesics and antipyretics. Recent evidence has suggested that oxidative stress is involved in the mechanism of acetaminophen intoxication. Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) plays an important role as an endogenous free-radical scavenging molecule. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of serum PON1 activity and oxidative stress in patients with acetaminophen intoxication. METHODS A total of 20 patients with acetaminophen intoxication and 25 healthy controls were enrolled. Serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC), lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH) levels, and paraoxonase and arylesterase activities were measured spectrophotometrically. RESULTS The serum TAC levels and the paraoxonase and arylesterase activities were significantly lower in patients with acetaminophen intoxication compared with controls (all, p < 0.001), while the serum LOOH levels were significantly higher (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that decreased PON1 activity seems to be associated with increased oxidative stress in patients with acetaminophen intoxication. Measuring serum PON1 activity may be useful in assessing the development of toxicity risk in acetaminophen toxicity. It would be useful to recommend vitamins with antioxidant effects such as vitamins C and E along with medical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Karadas
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - M Aslan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - H Gonullu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - C Kati
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - L Duran
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - S Olmez
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - M E Kucukoglu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - H Demir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
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Ginsberg G, Sonawane B, Nath R, Lewandowski P. Methylmercury-induced inhibition of paraoxonase-1 (PON1)-implications for cardiovascular risk. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2014; 77:1004-1023. [PMID: 25072822 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2014.919837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Methylmercury (MeHg) has been associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease in some but not all epidemiology studies. These inconsistent results may stem from the fact that exposure typically occurs in the context of fish consumption, which is also associated with cardioprotective factors such as omega-3 fatty acids. Mechanistic information may help to understand whether MeHg represents a risk to cardiovascular health. MeHg is a pro-oxidant that inactivates protein sulfhydryls. These biochemical effects may diminish critical antioxidant defense mechanism(s) involved in protecting against atherosclerosis. One such defense mechanism is paraoxonase-1 (PON1), an enzyme present on high-density lipoproteins and that prevents the oxidation of blood lipids and their deposition in vascular endothelium. PON1 is potentially useful as a clinical biomarker of cardiovascular risk, as well as a critical enzyme in the detoxification of certain organophosphate oxons. MeHg and other metals are known to inhibit PON1 activity in vitro. MeHg is associated with lowered serum PON1 activity in a fish-eating population. The implications of lowering PON1 are evaluated by predicting the shift in PON1 population distribution induced by various doses of MeHg. An MeHg dose of 0.3 μg/kg/d is estimated to decrease the population average PON1 level by 6.1% and to increase population risk of acute cardiovascular events by 9.7%. This evaluation provides a plausible mechanism for MeHg-induced cardiovascular risk and suggests means to quantify the risk. This case study exemplifies the use of upstream disease biomarkers to evaluate the additive effect of chemical toxicity with background disease processes in assessing human risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ginsberg
- a Connecticut Department of Public Health , Hartford , Connecticut , USA
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31
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Katı C, Karadas S, Aslan M, Gonullu H, Duran L, Demir H. Serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities and oxidative stress levels in patients with SSRI intoxication. J Membr Biol 2013; 247:17-21. [PMID: 24186356 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-013-9606-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a critical route of damage in various psychological stress-induced disorders, such as depression. Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) plays an important role as an endogenous free-radical scavenging molecule. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of serum PON1 activity and oxidative stress in patients with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) intoxication. A total of 11 patients with SSRI intoxication and 20 healthy controls were enrolled. The serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, as well as the paraoxonase and arylesterase activities, were measured spectrophotometrically. The serum TAC levels and the paraoxonase and arylesterase activities were significantly lower (for all, p < 0.001), whereas the serum MDA levels were significantly higher in the patients with SSRI intoxication than in the controls (p < 0.001). These results indicated that decreased PON1 activity and increased oxidative stress represent alternative mechanisms in SSRI toxicity. More studies are needed to elucidate the role of PON1 activity in the etiology of SSRI intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celal Katı
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
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32
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Atli M. Serum paraoxonase activity and lipid hydroperoxide levels in adult football players after three days football tournament. Afr Health Sci 2013; 13:565-70. [PMID: 24250290 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v13i3.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been suggested that physical activity is an important factor in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Low serum paraoxononase-1 (PON1) activity is with an associated risk of atherosclerotic disease. OBJECTIVES In this study, we aimed to investigate serum PON1 activity and lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH) levels in adult football players after three days football tournament. METHODS Twenty-three adult male football players and 23 sedentary male subjects after three days football tournament were enrolled. Serum paraoxonase, arylesterase activities and LOOH levels were determined. RESULTS Serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities were significantly higher in football players than sedentary subjects (all, p<0.05), while LOOH levels were significantly lower (p< 0.05). Serum LOOH levels were inversely correlated with paraoxonase and arylesterase activities (r=-0.552, p<0.001; r=-0.812, p<0.001; respectively) in adult football players. CONCLUSION Our data show, for the first time, that physical activity is associated with increased PON1 activity and decreased oxidative stress after three days football tournament. In addition, physical activity for a healthy life is important in increasing serum PON1 activity, and this may play a role in the prevention of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Atli
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Education, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
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Reduced paraoxonase 1 activity as a marker for severe coronary artery disease. DISEASE MARKERS 2013; 35:97-103. [PMID: 24167353 PMCID: PMC3774974 DOI: 10.1155/2013/816189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Paraoxonase-1 (PON1), a high-density-lipoprotein- (HDL-) associated enzyme, has the potential to protect against atherogenesis. We examine the relationships between plasma PON1 activity and the progression of atherosclerosis as well as coronary artery disease (CAD). Fasting blood samples were collected from female apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE(-/-)) mice and 149 patients undergoing coronary angiography for the biochemical parameters measurement. The severity of CAD was defined using angiographic Gensini score (GSS). Compared to 3-month-old apoE(-/-) mice, aged mice had significantly lower PON1 activity, which is negatively correlated with the size of atherosclerotic lesion and plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF- α ) levels. In study patients, PON1 activity was correlated with age, sex, and HDL-cholesterol, apolipoprotein AI, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels and was significantly lower in CAD group than that in non-CAD control group. Interestingly, PON1 activity in severe CAD group (GSS > 40) was further significantly reduced compared to those in mild and moderate subgroups (GSS ≤ 40) (P < 0.01). There is a significant correlation between PON1 activity and the severity of CAD as assessed by GSS (r = -0.393, P < 0.001). PON1 activity may be a potential biomarker for the severity of CAD.
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Taravati A, Ardestani SK, Soroush MR, Faghihzadeh S, Ghazanfari T, Jalilvand F, Naghizadeh MM, Fallahi F. Serum albumin and paraoxonase activity in Iranian veterans 20 years after sulfur mustard exposure. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2012; 34:706-13. [DOI: 10.3109/08923973.2011.638306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Abstract
Copper has been known to be essential for health for more than three quarters of a century. Myriad experiments with animals reveal that the cardiovascular, musculoskeletal and nervous systems are most sensitive to deficiency. Copper in the Western diet has been decreasing at least since the 1930s; half of the adult population consumes less than the amount recommended in the European Communities and the United Kingdom. At least one fourth of adults consume less than the estimated average requirement published for the United States and Canada. Hundreds of people have been reported in journals about medicine and neurology rather than nutrition to have impaired copper nutriture based on the criteria of low copper concentrations and low activities of enzymes dependent on copper in various fluids and tissues. In contrast, only 46 people have participated in depletion/repletion experiments needed to define requirements. Almost 1000 people have benefited from supplements containing copper in controlled trials. People deficient in copper are being identified increasingly; it is unknown if unusually high requirements or unusually low diets are causal. Alzheimer's disease, ischemic heart disease and osteoporosis are the most likely human illnesses from low copper intakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie M Klevay
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND 58201, United States.
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Bhaskar S, Ganesan M, Chandak GR, Mani R, Idris MM, Khaja N, Gulla S, Kumar U, Movva S, Vattam KK, Eppa K, Hasan Q, Pulakurthy UR. Association of PON1 and APOA5 gene polymorphisms in a cohort of Indian patients having coronary artery disease with and without type 2 diabetes. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2011; 15:507-12. [PMID: 21438666 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2010.0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major cause of coronary artery disease (CAD) and is responsible for a great deal of morbidity and mortality in Asian Indians. Several gene polymorphisms have been associated with CAD and T2DM in different ethnic groups. This study will give an insight about the association of two selected candidate gene polymorphisms; paraoxonase1 (PON1) Q192R and apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5) -1131T>C were assessed in a cohort of South Indian patients having CAD with and without T2DM. Polymerase chain reaction-based genotyping of PON1 Q192R (rs662) and APOA5-1131T>C (rs662799) polymorphism was carried out in 520 individuals, including 250 CAD patients (160 with T2DM and 90 without T2DM), 150 T2DM patients with no identified CAD, and 120 normal healthy sex- and age-matched individuals as controls. The PON1 192RR genotype and R allele frequency were elevated in both CAD and T2DM patients when compared with controls; however, only CAD patients with T2DM showed a statistical significance (p=0.023; OR=1.49; 95% CI: 1.04-2.12) when compared with controls. The APOA5-1131CC genotype and C allele also showed a significant association between the CAD+T2DM patients when compared with CAD without T2DM and healthy controls (p=0.012; OR=1.71; 95% CI: 1.0-2.67). An additive interaction between the PON1 RR and APOA5 TC genotypes was identified between the T2DM and CAD patients (p=0.028 and 0.0382, respectively). PON1 and APOA5 polymorphisms may serve as biomarkers in the South Indian population to identify T2DM patients who are at risk of developing CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Bhaskar
- Genome Research Group, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Hyderabad, India.
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Martinović J, Kotur-Stevuljević J, Dopsaj V, Dopsaj M, Stefanović A, Kasum G. Paraoxonase activity in athletes with depleted iron stores and iron-deficient erythropoiesis. Clin Biochem 2010; 43:1225-9. [PMID: 20692246 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2010.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2010] [Revised: 07/25/2010] [Accepted: 07/27/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate how conditions that precede anaemia (iron store depletion and iron-deficient erythropoiesis) affect human serum paraoxonase PON1 activity. DESIGN AND METHODS Based on haemoglobin, transferrin saturation and serum ferritin values 119 athletes were divided into three groups: with iron depletion, with deficient erythropoiesis and controls. The following parameters were measured: paraoxonase activity towards paraoxon (POase) and diazoxon (DZOase), lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH), the pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB), red blood cells (RBC) and lipid status. RESULTS Significant differences were found between athletes with different stages of iron deficiency and controls with respect to PON 1 activity and oxidative stress status parameters (Wilks' Lambda=0.712, F=5.241, p<0.001, η(2)=0.156). There was no significant difference between the PON1 192 Q and R polymorphism distribution in the two groups of athletes with different stages of iron deficiency and controls (χ(2)=1.086; p=0.896). PON1 activity was positively correlated with RBCs, haemoglobin, transferrin saturation (p<0.001) and ferritin (p=0.037) and negatively correlated with LOOH (p=0.044) in all three study groups. CONCLUSIONS Deficient erythropoiesis in athletes contributes to impaired PON1 activity. In contrast, iron depletion, regardless of increased oxidative stress, does not affect PON1 activity.
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Koracevic GP, Cvetkovic T, Koracevic M. Trimetazidine Activates Paraoxonase. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs 2010; 10:265-6. [DOI: 10.2165/11539490-000000000-00000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Serum paraoxonase 1 activity and oxidant/antioxidant status in Saudi women with polycystic ovary syndrome. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2010; 17:189-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2009.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2009] [Revised: 10/15/2009] [Accepted: 11/17/2009] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Li J, Sun YM, Wang LF, Li ZQ, Pan W, Cao HY. Comparison of effects of simvastatin versus atorvastatin on oxidative stress in patients with coronary heart disease. Clin Cardiol 2010; 33:222-7. [PMID: 20394043 DOI: 10.1002/clc.20724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) have antiatherogenic effects beyond their cholesterol-lowing effect. Whether atorvastatin has a stronger antioxidant effect than other statins is uncertain. HYPOTHESIS To determine the effects of simvastatin and atorvastatin on markers of oxidative stress in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). METHODS This study was comprised of 164 patients with CHD and a control population of 122 healthy subjects. The patients with CHD were divided into 2 groups and treated with either simvastatin 20 mg/day or atorvastatin 10 mg/day. The markers of oxidative stress were measured before and after 12 weeks of treatment. RESULTS The effects of atorvastatin on reducing oxidative stress were significantly greater compared with those of simvastatin (P < 0.05). The changes in the markers of oxidative stress did not correlate with the changes in the plasma lipid profile (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that atorvastatin reduces oxidative stress more effectively than simvastatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Department of Cardiac Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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Koksal H, Kurban S. Total oxidant status, total antioxidant status, and paraoxonase and arylesterase activities during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2010; 65:285-90. [PMID: 20360919 PMCID: PMC2845769 DOI: 10.1590/s1807-59322010000300008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2009] [Accepted: 12/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard for the treatment of gallstone disease; however, adverse hemodynamic changes induced by increased intraabdominal pressure due to pneumoperitoneum are known to occur. Herein, we investigated the effects of pneumoperitoneum on oxidative stress markers, including paraoxonase, arylesterase, total oxidant status, and total antioxidant status, during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients that underwent a laparoscopic cholecystectomy were classified as Group I, whereas patients that underwent surgical procedures for an abdominal wall hernia under general anesthesia were classified as Group II. Blood samples were obtained during the preoperative period, the perioperative period, and 24 hours after surgery (postoperative day 1). Leukocyte counts, neutrophil rates, paraoxonase activities, arylesterase activities, and total oxidant and antioxidant status levels were measured. RESULTS The differences in leukocyte counts and neutrophil rates were not significant between the two groups. In Group I, no significant differences in the total oxidant and antioxidant status levels were identified; however, paraoxonase and arylesterase levels were lower on postoperative day 1. No significant changes were observed in the total oxidant status, total antioxidant status, and paraoxonase or arylesterase activities in Group II. The perioperative total antioxidant status and arylesterase level were higher in Group I in comparison to Group II. CONCLUSION Paraoxonase and arylesterase levels are useful markers in the evaluation of oxidative stress caused by intraabdominal pressure due to pneumoperitoneum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hande Koksal
- Department of General Surgery, Konya Numune State Hospital - Konya, Turkey.
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Kurban S, Mehmetoglu I, Ege E. Effect of preoperative atorvastatin therapy on paraoxonase activity and oxidative stress after coronary artery bypass grafting. Perfusion 2009; 24:271-6. [DOI: 10.1177/0267659109350240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the influence of preoperative atorvastatin therapy on oxidative stress in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients. Forty patients who underwent elective CABG were enrolled into the study. Of these patients, 20 received atorvastatin (Group I) for 15 days prior to surgery and 20 patients did not use any antihyperlipidemic agents preoperatively (Group II). Serum paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and arylesterase activities, and total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) were measured before surgery and at 1, 6 and 24 hours after the operation. Paraoxonase 1 and arylesterase activities (p<0.001) and TAS levels (p<0.001 for 1st hour and p<0.05 for 6th hour) in Group II were significantly reduced at the 1 st and 6th hours after the operation, whereas the activities of the enzymes (p<0.01) and TAS levels (p<0.05) were significantly reduced only at the 1st hour after the operation in Group I. The total oxidant status of both groups was significantly increased at the 1 st hour after operation (p<0.05 for Group I and p<0.01 for Group II). In conclusion, 15 days of preoperative atorvastatin therapy does not significantly change either the serum PON1 activity or the oxidative stress after CABG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevil Kurban
- Department of Biochemistry, Meram Faculty of Medicine, University of Selcuk, Konya, Turkey,
| | - Idris Mehmetoglu
- Department of Biochemistry, Meram Faculty of Medicine, University of Selcuk, Konya, Turkey
| | - Erdal Ege
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Meram Faculty of Medicine, University of Selcuk, Konya, Turkey
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Ikeda Y, Inoue M, Suehiro T, Arii K, Kumon Y, Hashimoto K. Low human paraoxonase predicts cardiovascular events in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes. Acta Diabetol 2009; 46:239-42. [PMID: 18830558 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-008-0066-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2008] [Accepted: 09/12/2008] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Human serum paraoxonase (PON1) is associated with HDL and inhibits oxidative modification of LDL. PON1 enzymatic activity has been shown to decrease in diabetic patients; however, the effect of PON1 status on long-term outcome has not been reported. In this study, we examined the association between baseline PON1 status and the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) during 10 years of follow-up in 88 type 2 diabetic patients whose enzymatic activities, concentrations, and genetic polymorphisms of PON1 had been determined. A total of 20 CVD events were recorded during the follow-up period. Using Kaplan-Meier survival curves, we found a significantly increased incidence of CVD in patients with a lower concentration or paraoxonase activity of PON1 than each median value (log-rank 7.460; P < 0.01, and log-rank 4.187; P < 0.05, respectively). By Cox regression analysis, both concentration and paraoxonase activity were significantly associated with the development of CVD, even after correction for gender, age, and preexisting CVD (P < 0.05). Low concentration and enzymatic activity of PON1 may be an independent predictor of cardiovascular events in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukio Ikeda
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan.
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Nguyen SD, Hung ND, Cheon-Ho P, Ree KM, Dai-Eun S. Oxidative inactivation of lactonase activity of purified human paraoxonase 1 (PON1). Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2008; 1790:155-60. [PMID: 19103263 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2008.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2008] [Revised: 11/25/2008] [Accepted: 11/25/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Paraoxonase1 (PON1), one of HDL-associated antioxidant proteins, is known to lose its activity in vivo systems under oxidative stress. Here, we examined the effect of various oxidants on lactonase activity of PON1, and tried to protect the lactonase activity from oxidative inactivation. Among the oxidative systems tested, the ascorbate/Cu(2+) system was the most potent in inactivating the lactonase activity of purified PON1; in contrast to a limited role of Fe(2+), Cu(2+) (0.05-1.0 microM) remarkably enhanced the inactivation of PON1 in the presence of ascorbate (0.02-0.1 mM). Moreover, Cu(2+) alone inhibited the lactonase activity at concentrations as low as 1 microM. The ascorbate/Cu(2+)-mediated inactivation of PON1 lactonase activity was prevented by catalase, but not general hydroxyl radical scavengers, suggesting the implication of Cu(2+)-bound hydroxyl radicals in the oxidative inactivation. Compared to arylesterase activity, lactonase activity appears to be more sensitive to Cu(2+)-catalyzed oxidation. Separately, ascorbate/Cu(2+)-mediated inactivation of lactonase activity was prevented by oleic acid as well as phoshatidylcholine. Taken together, our data demonstrate that Cu(2+)-catalyzed oxidation may be a primary factor to cause the decrease of PON1 lactonase activity under oxidative stress and that lactonase activity of PON1 is most susceptible to ascorbate/Cu(2+) among PON1 activities. In addition, we have showed that radical-induced inactivation of lactonase activity is prevented by some lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Duy Nguyen
- Laboratory of Lipid Biochemistry and Protein Interactions, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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