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Zeljkovic A, Vekic J, Stefanovic A. Obesity and dyslipidemia in early life: Impact on cardiometabolic risk. Metabolism 2024; 156:155919. [PMID: 38653373 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2024.155919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Childhood obesity with its growing prevalence worldwide presents one of the most important health challenges nowadays. Multiple mechanisms are involved in the development of this condition, as well as in its associations with various cardiometabolic complications, such as insulin resistance, diabetes, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and cardiovascular diseases. Recent findings suggest that childhood obesity and associated dyslipidemia at least partly originate from epigenetic modifications that take place in the earliest periods of life, namely prenatal and perinatal periods. Hence, alterations of maternal metabolism could be fundamentally responsible for fetal and neonatal metabolic programming and consequently, for metabolic health of offspring in later life. In this paper, we will review recent findings on the associations among intrauterine and early postnatal exposure to undesirable modulators of metabolism, development of childhood obesity and later cardiometabolic complications. Special attention will be given to maternal dyslipidemia as a driven force for undesirable epigenetic modulations in offspring. In addition, newly proposed lipid biomarkers of increased cardiometabolic risk in obese children and adolescents will be analyzed, with respect to their predictive potential and clinical applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Zeljkovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Vekic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
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Ritchie G, Chorlton SD, Matic N, Bilawka J, Gowland L, Leung V, Stefanovic A, Romney MG, Lowe CF. WGS of a cluster of MDR Shigella sonnei utilizing Oxford Nanopore R10.4.1 long-read sequencing. J Antimicrob Chemother 2024; 79:55-60. [PMID: 37965757 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkad346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To utilize long-read nanopore sequencing (R10.4.1 flowcells) for WGS of a cluster of MDR Shigella sonnei, specifically characterizing genetic predictors of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). METHODS WGS was performed on S. sonnei isolates identified from stool and blood between September 2021 and October 2022. Bacterial DNA from clinical isolates was extracted on the MagNA Pure 24 and sequenced on the GridION utilizing R10.4.1 flowcells. Phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing was interpreted based on CLSI breakpoints. Sequencing data were processed with BugSeq, and AMR was assessed with BugSplit and ResFinder. RESULTS Fifty-six isolates were sequenced, including 53 related to the cluster of cases. All cluster isolates were identified as S. sonnei by sequencing, with global genotype 3.6.1.1.2 (CipR.MSM5), MLST 152 and PopPUNK cluster 3. Core genome MLST (cgMLST, examining 2513 loci) and reference-based MLST (refMLST, examining 4091 loci) both confirmed the clonality of the isolates. Cluster isolates were resistant to ampicillin (blaTEM-1), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (dfA1, dfrA17; sul1, sul2), azithromycin (ermB, mphA) and ciprofloxacin (gyrA S83L, gyrA D87G, parC S80I). No genomic predictors of resistance to carbapenems were identified. CONCLUSIONS WGS with R10.4.1 enabled rapid sequencing and identification of an MDR S. sonnei community cluster. Genetic predictors of AMR were concordant with phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon Ritchie
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Providence Health Care, 1081 Burrard St., Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Samuel D Chorlton
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Nancy Matic
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Providence Health Care, 1081 Burrard St., Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jennifer Bilawka
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Providence Health Care, 1081 Burrard St., Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Leah Gowland
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Providence Health Care, 1081 Burrard St., Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Victor Leung
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Providence Health Care, 1081 Burrard St., Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Providence Health Care, 1081 Burrard St., Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Marc G Romney
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Providence Health Care, 1081 Burrard St., Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Christopher F Lowe
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Providence Health Care, 1081 Burrard St., Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Zewude RT, Stefanovic A, Alem Z. Yersinia pseudotuberculosis bacteraemia with splenic abscesses: a case report. Access Microbiol 2023; 5:000525.v3. [PMID: 37841094 PMCID: PMC10569659 DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000525.v3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Yersinia pseudotuberculosis has been known to cause a variety of clinical manifestations ranging from mild enteric illness to bacteraemia with septic shock and extraintestinal abscesses. Patients with liver disease and iron overload are at risk of more severe disease manifestations. Case Report A middle-aged male with chronic alcohol use disorder presented with confusion and jaundice, with ascites and asterixis noted on examination. His blood work was remarkable for neutrophilic leukocytosis, elevated liver enzymes and lactate. An abdominal computed tomography scan revealed splenic microabscesses and a cirrhotic liver. Yersinia pseudotuberculosis was recovered from his blood cultures and he was treated with ceftriaxone following susceptibility results. Conclusion Y. pseudotuberculosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of splenic or other extraintestinal microabscesses particularly in patients with chronic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahel Tefera Zewude
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Microbiology and Virology Laboratory, St. Paul’s Hospital, Providence Health Care, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Zersenay Alem
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Medical Imaging, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Obesity is accompanied by atherogenic dyslipidemia, a specific lipid disorder characterized by both quantitative and qualitative changes of plasma lipoproteins. The main alterations in the lipid profile include hypertriglyceridemia, reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level, and elevated small dense low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles. Epidemiological data show that obesity is more common in women and is a frequent risk factor for reproductive disorders, metabolic complications in pregnancy, and cardiometabolic disease later in life. The aim of this narrative review is to discuss recent advances in the research of dyslipidemia in obesity, with an emphasis on female-specific disorders and cardiometabolic risk. RECENT FINDINGS The focus of current research on dyslipidemia in obesity is moving toward structurally and functionally modified plasma lipoproteins. Special attention is paid to the pro-atherogenic role of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and their remnants. Introduction of advanced analytical techniques enabled identification of novel lipid biomarkers with potential clinical applications. In particular, proteomic and lipidomic studies have provided significant progress in the comprehensive research of HDL's alterations in obesity. Obesity-related dyslipidemia is a widespread metabolic disturbance in polycystic ovary syndrome patients and high-risk pregnancies, but is seldom evaluated with respect to its impact on future cardiometabolic health. Obesity and associated cardiometabolic diseases require a more depth insight into the quality of lipoprotein particles. Further application of omics-based techniques would enable a more comprehensive evaluation of dyslipidemia in order to reduce an excessive cardiovascular risk attributable to increased body weight. However, more studies on obesity-related female reproductive disorders are needed for this approach to be adopted in daily clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Vekic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, P. Box 146, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, P. Box 146, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Zeljkovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, P. Box 146, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
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Ritchie G, Leung V, Himsworth CG, Byers KA, Lee LKF, Chorlton SD, Stefanovic A, Romney MG, Matic N, Lowe CF. No Isolate, No Problem: Using a Novel Insertion Sequence PCR to Link Rats to Human Shigellosis Cases in an Underserved Urban Community. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0477722. [PMID: 37255425 PMCID: PMC10434041 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04777-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
During an investigation into a cluster of Shigella flexneri serotype 2a cases in an underserved community, we assessed the relatedness of human and rat S. flexneri isolates utilizing a novel PCR targeting insertion sites (IS-PCR) of mobile elements in the Shigella genome characteristic of the cluster strain. Whole-genome sequences of S. flexneri (n = 50) associated with the cluster were analyzed. De novo genome assemblies were analyzed by a Geneious V10.2.6 motif search, and two unique IS were identified in all human Shigella sequences of the local cluster. Hydrolysis probe PCR assays were designed to detect these sequences consisting of forward and reverse primers to amplify across each insertion site and a hydrolysis probe spanning the insertion site. IS-PCR was performed for three Shigella PCR-positive culture-negative rat intestine specimens from this community. Both insertion sites were detected in the de novo genome assemblies of all clinical S. flexneri isolates (n = 50). Two of the three PCR-positive culture-negative rat samples were positive for both unique ISs identified in the human S. flexneri isolates, suggesting that the rat Shigella species strains were closely related to the human strains in the cluster. The cycle threshold (Ct) values were >35, indicating that the bacterial load was very low in the rat samples. Two unique IS were identified in clinical isolates from a community S. flexneri cluster. Both IS targets were identified in PCR-positive (Shigella spp.), culture-negative rat tissue and clinical isolates from humans, indicating relatedness. IMPORTANCE This article describes a novel molecular method to show relatedness between bacterial infections, which may not be able to grow in the laboratory due to treatment with antibiotics or for bacteria requiring unique conditions to grow well. Uniquely, we applied this technique to Shigella isolates from human cases associated with a local cluster in an underserved community, as well as rat samples from the same community. We believe that this novel approach can serve as a complementary method to support outbreak/cluster investigation for Shigella spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon Ritchie
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Victor Leung
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Chelsea G. Himsworth
- British Columbia Regional Centre, Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative, Abbotsford, British Columbia, Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kaylee A. Byers
- British Columbia Regional Centre, Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative, Abbotsford, British Columbia, Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Pacific Institute on Pathogens, Pandemics and Society, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lisa K. F. Lee
- British Columbia Regional Centre, Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative, Abbotsford, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Samuel D. Chorlton
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Marc G. Romney
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nancy Matic
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christopher F. Lowe
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Mah R, Locher K, Steiner TS, Stefanovic A. Clostridioides difficile PCR Tcdb Cycle Threshold predicts toxin EIA positivity but not severity of infection. Anaerobe 2023; 82:102755. [PMID: 37406762 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diagnosis of Clostridioides difficile Infection (CDI) entails compatible clinical presentation and laboratory findings. We evaluated real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) cycle threshold (CT) as a predictor for disease severity and TcdB enzyme immunoassay (EIA) results. METHODS Inpatients or emergency department patients who tested positive for tcdB gene by PCR were evaluated. Patients' stools underwent testing for GDH and TcdA/B by EIA. Medical health records were reviewed for demographic, clinical presentation, laboratory, treatment and outcome data. Severity of CDI was calculated using various severity score indexes. RESULTS The median CT of cases was 32.05 ± 5.45. The optimal cut-off for predicting toxin EIA positivity and severe CDI based on chart review was 32.6 and 29.8, respectively, with the area under the receiver operator characteristics curve (AUC) of 0.74 and 0.60 respectively. CONCLUSION CT value was an acceptable predictor for EIA toxin but less so for clinical severity. Our study potentially supports a diagnostic algorithm including CT value to reduce the number of EIA toxin assays performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regan Mah
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 899 W 12th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada.
| | - Kerstin Locher
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Rm. G227 - 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada.
| | - Theodore S Steiner
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of British Columbia, Rm. C328 Heather Pavilion East, VGH 2733 Heather Street, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Providence Room 2150, 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Providence Room 2150, 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada.
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Stefanovic A, Matic N, Ritchie G, Lowe CF, Leung V, Hull M, Alam M, Dawar M, Champagne S, Romney MG. Multidrug-Resistant Shigella sonnei Bacteremia among Persons Experiencing Homelessness, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Emerg Infect Dis 2023; 29:1668-1671. [PMID: 37486309 PMCID: PMC10370870 DOI: 10.3201/eid2908.230323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased invasive bloodstream infections caused by multidrug resistant Shigella sonnei were noted in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, during 2021-2023. Whole-genome sequencing revealed clonal transmission of genotype 3.6.1.1.2 (CipR.MSM5) among persons experiencing homelessness. Improvements in identifying Shigella species, expanding treatment options for multidrug resistant infections, and developing public health partnerships are needed.
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Lo CKF, Broderick C, Stefanovic A, Connors W, Murray M. Gordonia sputi-associated bloodstream infection in a renal transplant patient with chronic indwelling central venous catheter: a case report and literature review. Access Microbiol 2023; 5:acmi000560.v3. [PMID: 37424562 PMCID: PMC10323808 DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000560.v3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although rare, human infections caused by Gordonia spp. have been reported, especially within the immunocompromised population and those with long-term indwelling devices. We report a case of Gordonia spp. bacteraemia in a renal transplant patient and present a literature review on microbiological identification methods of this organism. Case Presentation A 62-year-old female renal transplant recipient admitted to hospital with a 2-month history of dry cough and fevers occurring weekly when receiving electrolyte replacement infusions via a Groshong line. Over 2 weeks, blood cultures repeatedly isolated a Gram-positive bacillus solely in aerobic bottles, and this was initially reported as Rhodococcus spp. by the local microbiology laboratory. Chest computed tomography (CT) showed multiple ground-glass lung opacities suggestive of septic pulmonary emboli. As central line-associated bloodstream infection was suspected, empirical antibiotics were initiated and the Groshong line was removed. The Gram-positive bacillus was later confirmed by the reference laboratory as Gordonia sputi via 16S rRNA sequencing. Vancomycin and ciprofloxacin for a duration of 6 weeks were completed as targeted antimicrobial therapy. After treatment, the patient remained symptom-free with marked improvement on repeat CT chest imaging. Conclusion This case illustrates the challenges surrounding identification of Gordonia spp. and other aerobic actinomycetes. 16S rRNA gene sequencing may be a preferred identification method, especially when initial workup of a weakly acid-fast organism fails to make an identification or shows discrepant results using traditional diagnostic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calvin Ka-Fung Lo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Conor Broderick
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Providence Health Care, St Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - William Connors
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Melanie Murray
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Oak Tree Clinic, BC Women’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Zeljkovic A, Mihajlovic M, Vujcic S, Guzonjic A, Munjas J, Stefanovic A, Kotur-Stevuljevic J, Rizzo M, Bogavac-Stanojevic N, Gagic J, Kostadinovic J, Vekic J. The prospect of genomic, transcriptomic, epigenetic and metabolomic biomarkers for the personalized prevention of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2023:CVP-EPUB-131693. [PMID: 37165508 DOI: 10.2174/1570161121666230510141338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), are a great health concern. The strategies aimed to increase awareness and prevention, in conjunction with timely diagnosis and optimal management of these conditions, represent the main lines of action to improve life expectancy and quality. In recent years, the introduction of innovative therapies for the treatment of DM and CVD has provided new hope for high-risk patients. Yet, the implementation of preventive measures in achieving cardiometabolic health is far from successful and requires further improvement. The development of cardiometabolic disorders is a complex, multifactorial process involving several metabolic pathways as well as genetic and environmental factors. Decreasing cumulative exposure during the entire life course and timely recognition and targeting of potential risk-enhancing factors could pave the way toward more successful prevention of cardiometabolic disorders. Nowadays, in the era of "omics" technologies, it is possible to identify novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets, which offers the possibility to apply an individualized approach for each patient. This review will discuss potential applications of genomic, transcriptomic, epigenetic and metabolomic biomarkers for the personalized prevention of cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Zeljkovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Mihajlovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja Vujcic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Azra Guzonjic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Munjas
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Manfredi Rizzo
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Jelena Gagic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Kostadinovic
- University Hospital Medical Center Bezanijska kosa Department of internal medicine Belgrade Serbia and Montenegro
| | - Jelena Vekic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
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10
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Cavic M, Damjanovic A, Boljevic I, Pavlovic M, Stefanovic A, Zivic K, Vukovic M, Tanic M, Jankovic R. 953P EGFR mutation testing from pleural effusions of advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients in Serbia. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Reich N, Lowe CF, Puddicombe D, Matic N, Greiner J, Simons J, Leung V, Chu T, Naik H, Myles N, Burns L, Romney MG, Ritchie G, Champagne S, Dooley K, Sekirov I, Stefanovic A. Repeat virological and serological profiles in hospitalized patients initially tested by nasopharyngeal RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2. J Med Virol 2021; 93:6808-6812. [PMID: 34297350 PMCID: PMC8426995 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for SARS‐CoV‐2 is the mainstay of COVID‐19 diagnosis, yet there are conflicting reports on its diagnostic performance. Wide ranges of false‐negative PCR tests have been reported depending on clinical presentation, the timing of testing, specimens tested, testing method, and reference standard used. We aimed to estimate the frequency of discordance between initial nasopharyngeal (NP) PCR and repeat NP sampling PCR and serology in acutely ill patients admitted to the hospital. Panel diagnosis of COVID‐19 infection is further utilized in discordance analysis. Included in the study were 160 patients initially tested by NP PCR with repeat NP sampling PCR and/or serology performed. The percent agreement between initial and repeat PCR was 96.7%, while the percent agreement between initial PCR and serology was 98.9%. There were 5 (3.1%) cases with discordance on repeat testing. After discordance analysis, 2 (1.4%) true cases tested negative on initial PCR. Using available diagnostic methods, discordance on repeat NP sampling PCR and/or serology is a rare occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah Reich
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christopher F Lowe
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Providence Health Care, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - David Puddicombe
- Perinatal Services BC, Provincial Health Service Authority, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nancy Matic
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Providence Health Care, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jesse Greiner
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Janet Simons
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Victor Leung
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Providence Health Care, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Terry Chu
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hiten Naik
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nick Myles
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Laura Burns
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Marc G Romney
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Providence Health Care, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Gordon Ritchie
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Providence Health Care, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sylvie Champagne
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Providence Health Care, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kent Dooley
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Life Labs, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Inna Sekirov
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia Center for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Providence Health Care, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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12
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Banjac G, Ardalic D, Mihajlovic M, Antonic T, Cabunac P, Zeljkovic A, Vekic J, Karadzov-Orlic N, Stanimirovic S, Spasojevic-Kalimanovska V, Mikovic Z, Stefanovic A. The role of resistin in early preeclampsia prediction. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 2021; 81:432-437. [PMID: 34126816 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2021.1938205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Resistin might be involved with general inflammation and endothelial dysfunction observed in preeclampsia. We aimed to investigate longitudinal changes in resistin concentrations during high-risk pregnancies and evaluate their significance in preeclampsia development. Ninety-one patients were recruited at 11-14 weeks of gestation. They were followed towards the end of each trimester and before their deliveries. Of the 91 pregnant women, 21 developed preeclampsia, while 70 women did not develop preeclampsia despite being at risk. Compared to the 1st trimester, resistin concentration significantly increased during the 2nd trimester (p<.001). When women were divided into groups of those who developed preeclampsia and those who did not develop preeclampsia, we noticed a significant difference only in women who did not develop preeclampsia (p<.001). Moreover, resistin concentration in the 1st trimester was statistically higher in women who developed preeclampsia when compared to those who did not develop preeclampsia (p<.001). The analysis of the Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curves indicated that inclusion of triglycerides (TG), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP), and resistin (AUC = 0.870) improved diagnostic accuracy of the basic model including demographic and clinical parameters (AUC = 0.777) for preeclampsia prediction (p<.05). If the concentration of resistin is high in the 1st trimester, such pregnancy at risk is likely to develop preeclampsia as a complication, indicating that resistin concentration in the 1st trimester might contribute to existing predictive and prognostic models for preeclampsia. A multi-marker model, possibly including also resistin and other clinical, metabolic, and inflammatory parameters, seems to be the best approach in late-onset preeclampsia prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gorica Banjac
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic Narodni Front, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Daniela Ardalic
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic Narodni Front, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Mihajlovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Antonic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Petar Cabunac
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic Narodni Front, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Zeljkovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Vekic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Natasa Karadzov-Orlic
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic Narodni Front, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | | | - Zeljko Mikovic
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic Narodni Front, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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13
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Matic N, Lowe CF, Ritchie G, Stefanovic A, Lawson T, Jang W, Young M, Dong W, Brumme ZL, Brumme CJ, Leung V, Romney MG. Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern, Including B.1.1.28/P.1, British Columbia, Canada. Emerg Infect Dis 2021; 27:1673-1676. [PMID: 33784237 PMCID: PMC8153894 DOI: 10.3201/eid2706.210532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
To screen all severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-positive samples in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, and determine whether they represented variants of concern, we implemented a real-time reverse transcription PCR-based algorithm. We rapidly identified 77 samples with variants: 57 with B.1.1.7, 7 with B.1.351, and an epidemiologic cluster of 13 with B.1.1.28/P.1.
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14
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Kinloch NN, Ritchie G, Brumme CJ, Dong W, Dong W, Lawson T, Jones RB, Montaner JSG, Leung V, Romney MG, Stefanovic A, Matic N, Lowe CF, Brumme ZL. Corrigendum to: Suboptimal Biological Sampling as a Probable Cause of False-Negative COVID-19 Diagnostic Test Results. J Infect Dis 2021; 224:184. [PMID: 34057182 PMCID: PMC8195218 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie N Kinloch
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada.,British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Gordon Ritchie
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Chanson J Brumme
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Winnie Dong
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Weiyan Dong
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Tanya Lawson
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - R Brad Jones
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - Julio S G Montaner
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Victor Leung
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Marc G Romney
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Nancy Matic
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Christopher F Lowe
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Zabrina L Brumme
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada.,British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada
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15
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Matic N, Stefanovic A, Leung V, Lawson T, Ritchie G, Li L, Champagne S, Romney MG, Lowe CF. Practical challenges to the clinical implementation of saliva for SARS-CoV-2 detection. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2021; 40:447-450. [PMID: 33236269 PMCID: PMC7685775 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-020-04090-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/30/2022]
Abstract
Due to global shortages of flocked nasopharyngeal swabs and appropriate viral transport media during the COVID-19 pandemic, alternate diagnostic specimens for SARS-CoV-2 detection are sought. The accuracy and feasibility of saliva samples collected and transported without specialized collection devices or media were evaluated. Saliva demonstrated good concordance with paired nasopharyngeal swabs for SARS-CoV-2 detection in 67/74 cases (90.5%), though barriers to saliva collection were observed in long-term care residents and outbreak settings. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was stable in human saliva at room temperature for up to 48 h after initial specimen collection, informing appropriate transport time and conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Matic
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Providence Health Care, St. Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard St., Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Providence Health Care, St. Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard St., Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Victor Leung
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Providence Health Care, St. Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard St., Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Tanya Lawson
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Providence Health Care, St. Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard St., Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Gordon Ritchie
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Providence Health Care, St. Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard St., Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Lynne Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Sylvie Champagne
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Providence Health Care, St. Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard St., Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Marc G Romney
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Providence Health Care, St. Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard St., Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Christopher F Lowe
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Providence Health Care, St. Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard St., Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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16
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Matic N, Lawson T, Ritchie G, Stefanovic A, Leung V, Champagne S, Romney MG, Lowe CF. Automated molecular testing of saliva for SARS-CoV-2 detection. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2021; 100:115324. [PMID: 33529938 PMCID: PMC7826079 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2021.115324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
With surging global demand for SARS-CoV-2 testing capacity, laboratories seek automated, high-throughput molecular solutions, particularly for specimens not requiring specialized collection devices or viral transport media. Saliva specimens submitted from patients under investigation for COVID-19 from March to July 2020 were processed in the laboratory with sterile phosphate-buffered saline in a 1:2 dilution and tested using manual extraction and a commercial assay for detection of the SARS-CoV-2 E gene (LightMix®) in comparison to the Roche cobas® SARS-CoV-2 Test on the cobas® 6800 instrument. 34.4% (22/64) of saliva samples were positive for SARS-CoV-2. Positive and negative concordance between the LightMix® and cobas® assays were 100%. The overall invalid rate for saliva on the cobas® 6800 (1/128, 0.78%) was similar to the baseline invalid rate observed for nasopharyngeal swabs/viral transport media. Saliva is a feasible specimen type for SARS-CoV-2 testing on the cobas® 6800 platform, with potential to improve turnaround time and enhance testing capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Matic
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
| | - Tanya Lawson
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Gordon Ritchie
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Victor Leung
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Sylvie Champagne
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Marc G Romney
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Christopher F Lowe
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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17
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Zeljkovic A, Mihajlovic M, Stefanovic A, Zeljkovic D, Trifunovic B, Miljkovic M, Spasojevic-Kalimanovska V, Vekic J. Potential use of serum insulin-like growth factor 1 and E-cadherin as biomarkers of colorectal cancer. Colorectal Dis 2020; 22:2078-2086. [PMID: 32929869 DOI: 10.1111/codi.15360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
AIM Despite many efforts, reliable biomarkers for the prediction and diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) are still missing. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and E-cadherin are recognized as potential biomarkers, but their diagnostic capacity is largely unexplored in CRC. The aim of this work is to investigate IGF-1 and E-cadherin levels with respect to various characteristics of CRC and to estimate their diagnostic potential. METHOD Seventy CRC patients and 75 healthy individuals were enrolled. IGF-1 and E-cadherin were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The predictive and diagnostic capacities of IGF-1 and E-cadherin were estimated by logistic regression analysis and by determination of the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC). RESULTS Concentrations of IGF-1 were lower (P = 0.019) while levels of E-cadherin were higher (P < 0.001) in CRC patients than in controls. IGF-1 concentration decreased in parallel with age and progression of CRC (P = 0.023). Also, IGF-1 was higher in men with CRC than in women (P = 0.003). E-cadherin levels were unaffected by variations in either anthropometric characteristics of CRC patients, or localization, grade and stage of the tumour. Both IGF-1 and E-cadherin were independently associated with CRC (P = 0.040; P < 0.001, respectively). The diagnostic accuracy of IGF-1 was estimated as acceptable (AUC = 0.757; P < 0.001), while the diagnostic accuracy of E-cadherin was outstanding (AUC = 0.954; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Decreased IGF-1 and increased E-cadherin levels were found in CRC patients. IGF-1, but not E-cadherin, concentrations differed according to age, gender and stage of CRC. Both markers were independently associated with the presence of the disease, while E-cadherin demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Zeljkovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - M Mihajlovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - A Stefanovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - D Zeljkovic
- Clinic of General Surgery, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - B Trifunovic
- Clinic of General Surgery, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defense, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - M Miljkovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - J Vekic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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18
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Kinloch NN, Shahid A, Ritchie G, Dong W, Lawson T, Montaner JSG, Romney MG, Stefanovic A, Matic N, Brumme CJ, Lowe CF, Brumme ZL, Leung V. Evaluation of Nasopharyngeal Swab Collection Techniques for Nucleic Acid Recovery and Participant Experience: Recommendations for COVID-19 Diagnostics. Open Forum Infect Dis 2020; 7:ofaa488. [PMID: 33235889 PMCID: PMC7665666 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofaa488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal swabs are critical to the diagnosis of respiratory infections including coronavirus disease 2019, but collection techniques vary. We compared 2 recommended nasopharyngeal swab collection techniques in adult volunteers and found that swab rotation following nasopharyngeal contact did not recover additional nucleic acid (as measured by human DNA/RNA copy number). Rotation was also less tolerable for participants. Notably, both discomfort and nucleic acid recovery were significantly higher in Asian participants, consistent with nasal anatomy differences. Our results suggest that it is unnecessary to rotate the swab in place following contact with the nasopharynx and reveal that procedural discomfort levels can differ by ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie N Kinloch
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.,British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Aniqa Shahid
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.,British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Gordon Ritchie
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Winnie Dong
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Tanya Lawson
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Julio S G Montaner
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Marc G Romney
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nancy Matic
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Chanson J Brumme
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christopher F Lowe
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Zabrina L Brumme
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.,British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Victor Leung
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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19
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Li L, Lowe CF, Ritchie G, Stefanovic A, Champagne S, Romney MG, Leung V, Matic N. SARS-CoV-2 molecular testing for the diagnosis of COVID-19: One test does not fit all. J Med Virol 2020; 93:712-713. [PMID: 32949164 PMCID: PMC7537130 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lynne Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Christopher F Lowe
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Gordon Ritchie
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Sylvie Champagne
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Marc G Romney
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Victor Leung
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Nancy Matic
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
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20
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Kinloch NN, Ritchie G, Brumme CJ, Dong W, Dong W, Lawson T, Jones RB, Montaner JSG, Leung V, Romney MG, Stefanovic A, Matic N, Lowe CF, Brumme ZL. Suboptimal Biological Sampling as a Probable Cause of False-Negative COVID-19 Diagnostic Test Results. J Infect Dis 2020; 222:899-902. [PMID: 32594170 PMCID: PMC7337811 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
False-negative severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 test results can negatively impact the clinical and public health response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We used droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) to demonstrate that human DNA levels, a stable molecular marker of sampling quality, were significantly lower in samples from 40 confirmed or suspected COVID-19 cases that yielded negative diagnostic test results (ie, suspected false-negative test results) compared with a representative pool of 87 specimens submitted for COVID-19 testing. Our results support suboptimal biological sampling as a contributor to false-negative COVID-19 test results and underscore the importance of proper training and technique in the collection of nasopharyngeal specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie N Kinloch
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada.,British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Gordon Ritchie
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Chanson J Brumme
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Winnie Dong
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Weiyan Dong
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Tanya Lawson
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - R Brad Jones
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - Julio S G Montaner
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Victor Leung
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Marc G Romney
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Nancy Matic
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Christopher F Lowe
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Zabrina L Brumme
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada.,British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada
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21
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Cirkovic A, Garovic V, Milin Lazovic J, Milicevic O, Savic M, Rajovic N, Aleksic N, Weissgerber T, Stefanovic A, Stanisavljevic D, Milic N. Systematic review supports the role of DNA methylation in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia: a call for analytical and methodological standardization. Biol Sex Differ 2020; 11:36. [PMID: 32631423 PMCID: PMC7336649 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-020-00313-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have recently examined the role of epigenetic mechanisms in preeclampsia pathophysiology. One commonly examined epigenetic process is DNA methylation. This heritable epigenetic marker is involved in many important cellular functions. The aim of this study was to establish the association between DNA methylation and preeclampsia and to critically appraise the roles of major study characteristics that can significantly impact the association between DNA methylation and preeclampsia. MAIN BODY A systematic review was performed by searching PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE for original research articles published over time, until May 31, 2019 in English. Eligible studies compared DNA methylation levels in pregnant women with vs. without preeclampsia. Ninety articles were included. Epigenome-wide studies identified hundreds of differentially methylated places/regions in preeclamptic patients. Hypomethylation was the predominant finding in studies analyzing placental tissue (14/19), while hypermethylation was detected in three studies that analyzed maternal white blood cells (3/3). In candidate gene studies, methylation alterations for a number of genes were found to be associated with preeclampsia. A greater number of differentially methylated genes was found when analyzing more severe preeclampsia (70/82), compared to studies analyzing less severe preeclampsia vs. controls (13/27). A high degree of heterogeneity existed among the studies in terms of methodological study characteristics including design (study design, definition of preeclampsia, control group, sample size, confounders), implementation (biological sample, DNA methylation method, purification of DNA extraction, and validation of methylation), analysis (analytical method, batch effect, genotyping, and gene expression), and data presentation (methylation quantification measure, measure of variability, reporting). Based on the results of this review, we provide recommendations for study design and analytical approach for further studies. CONCLUSIONS The findings from this review support the role of DNA methylation in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. Establishing field-wide methodological and analytical standards may increase value and reduce waste, allowing researchers to gain additional insights into the role of DNA methylation in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cirkovic
- Institute for Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - V Garovic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - J Milin Lazovic
- Institute for Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - O Milicevic
- Institute for Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - M Savic
- Institute for Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - N Rajovic
- Institute for Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - N Aleksic
- Center for Molecular Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - T Weissgerber
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, QUEST Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Stefanovic
- Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - D Stanisavljevic
- Institute for Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - N Milic
- Institute for Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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Janac JM, Zeljkovic A, Jelic-Ivanovic ZD, Dimitrijevic-Sreckovic VS, Vekic J, Miljkovic MM, Stefanovic A, Kotur-Stevuljevic JM, Ivanisevic JM, Spasojevic-Kalimanovska VV. Increased Oxidized High-Density Lipoprotein/High-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol Ratio as a Potential Indicator of Disturbed Metabolic Health in Overweight and Obese Individuals. Lab Med 2020; 51:24-33. [PMID: 31089722 DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmz017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated the qualitative characteristics of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles in metabolically healthy and unhealthy overweight and obese subjects. METHODS The study involved 115 subject individuals classified as metabolically healthy and unhealthy, as in overweight and obese groups. Commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were used to measure oxidized HDL (OxHDL) and serum amyloid A (SAA) concentrations. Lipoprotein subfractions were separated using nondenaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. RESULTS An independent association was shown between increased OxHDL/HDL-cholesterol ratio and the occurrence of metabolically unhealthy phenotype in the overweight and obese groups. The OxHDL/HDL-cholesterol ratio showed excellent and acceptable diagnostic accuracy in determination of metabolic health phenotypes (overweight group, AUC = 0.881; obese group, AUC = 0.765). Accumulation of smaller HDL particles in metabolically unhealthy subjects was verified by lipoprotein subfraction analysis. SAA concentrations did not differ significantly between phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS Increased OxHDL/HDL-cholesterol ratio may be a potential indicator of disturbed metabolic health in overweight and obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena M Janac
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Zeljkovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Zorana D Jelic-Ivanovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Vesna S Dimitrijevic-Sreckovic
- Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Jelena Vekic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Milica M Miljkovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | | | - Jasmina M Ivanisevic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
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Kacarevic D, Bogavac-Stanojevic N, Spasojevic-Kalimanovska V, Bojanin D, Milenkovic T, Stefanovic A, Mihajlovic M, Vujcic S, Vukovic R, Zeljkovic A, Todorovic S, Mitrovic K, Vekic J. Factors associated with oxidative stress status in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2020; 33:591-598. [PMID: 32229673 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2019-0555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress is implicated in both, the onset and the progression of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). There is accumulated evidence of increased biomarkers of oxidative stress in newly diagnosed, T1DM patients without complications, and in those with advanced disease. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated factors affecting oxidative stress status in pediatric patients with T1DM. Methods Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), prooxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB), total sulfhydryl (SH) groups, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were determined in 170 children and adolescents with T1DM. Principal component analysis was used to investigate clustering of clinical and laboratory variables associated with elevated oxidative stress and reduced antioxidative defense biomarkers. Results Factor analysis extracted five factors, interpreted as (1) "weight status factor" including age, BMI, waist and hip circumferences; (2) "proatherogenic factor" that included LDL-cholesterol, non-HDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides; (3) "metabolic control factor" including glucose and HbA1c; (4) "renal marker factor" with positive loading of urinary albumin excretion rate and negative loading of GFR; and (5) "antiatherogenic factor" that included HDL-cholesterol. High AOPP levels were independently predicted by "proatherogenic" (OR: 2.32; 95% CI: 1.44-3.71; p < 0.001), "metabolic control" (OR: 2.24; 95% CI: 1.35-3.73; p < 0.01), and "renal marker" (OR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.03-2.65; p < 0.05) factors. "Renal marker factor" was a significant predictor of PAB (OR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.34-0.81; p < 0.01). Regarding antioxidative defense markers, reduced SH groups were predicted by "proatherogenic factor" (OR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.34-0.94; p < 0.05), while "weight status factor" predicted lower SOD activity (OR: 1.66; 95% CI: 1.03-2.67; p < 0.05). Conclusions Cardiometabolic risk factors and renal function are associated with oxidative stress in pediatric T1DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Kacarevic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | | | - Dragana Bojanin
- Biochemical Laboratory, Department for Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, Mother and Child Health Care Institute of Serbia "Dr Vukan Čupić", Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Milenkovic
- Department of Endocrinology, Mother and Child Health Care Institute of Serbia "Dr Vukan Čupić", Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Mihajlovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja Vujcic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, P. Box 146, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Rade Vukovic
- Department of Endocrinology, Mother and Child Health Care Institute of Serbia "Dr Vukan Čupić", Belgrade, Serbia.,School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Zeljkovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sladjana Todorovic
- Department of Endocrinology, Mother and Child Health Care Institute of Serbia "Dr Vukan Čupić", Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Katarina Mitrovic
- Department of Endocrinology, Mother and Child Health Care Institute of Serbia "Dr Vukan Čupić", Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Vekic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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24
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Lowe CF, Matic N, Ritchie G, Lawson T, Stefanovic A, Champagne S, Leung V, Romney MG. Detection of low levels of SARS-CoV-2 RNA from nasopharyngeal swabs using three commercial molecular assays. J Clin Virol 2020; 128:104387. [PMID: 32380382 PMCID: PMC7187880 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, commercial molecular assays for SARS-CoV-2 testing have been rapidly developed and broadly deployed in laboratories worldwide. Although these assays have been reported to correlate well, we sought to compare the Xpert® Xpress SARS-CoV-2 to the cobas® SARS-CoV-2 or the Lightmix® Modular SARS and Wuhan CoV E-gene assay for nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs with low levels of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Thirty-seven NP swabs were studied, including 10 samples with a moderate cycle threshold (Ct) between 30-33.9, and 22 with Ct≥34, and 5 negative for SARS-CoV-2. Overall concordance on initial comparison was 86.5 % (32/37), which was 100 % concordance for samples with Ct values ranging between 30-33.9. Discordance amongst samples showing a Ct ≥34 was 22.7 % (5/22). Endpoint value analysis on the Xpress SARS-CoV-2 within the discordant samples noted two with an endpoint value >5, which were detected by the cobas® or Lightmix®. Testing of SARS-CoV-2 on the three commercial assays was comparable for NP swabs with moderate Ct values, while high Ct values were less concordant. Importantly, analysis of Xpert® endpoint values improved interpretation of discrepant results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher F Lowe
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
| | - Nancy Matic
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Gordon Ritchie
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Tanya Lawson
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Sylvie Champagne
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Victor Leung
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Marc G Romney
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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25
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Grant JM, Porter C, Charles MK, Bryce E, Wong T, Stefanovic A, Shajari S, Roscoe DL. Potential influence of rapid diagnostics on timeliness of management decisions for patients with positive blood cultures. J Assoc Med Microbiol Infect Dis Can 2020; 5:21-28. [PMID: 36339013 PMCID: PMC9603315 DOI: 10.3138/jammi.2019-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Accelerate Pheno system (AXDX) provides rapid identification (ID; 90 minutes) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST; approximately 7 hours) from positive blood culture (BC) bottles. We assessed the potential of AXDX results to influence more timely antibiotic interventions with a convenience sample of 158 positive BCs. METHODS BCs with a mono-microbial Gram stain likely to be on the AXDX panel were run in parallel with the standard of care (SOC). Using results from the SOC, the medical microbiologist on call (MMOC) noted interventions made at the time of BC Gram stain and when ID and AST results were available. The timing of MMOC intervention was noted and compared with fastest potential SOC time and AXDX time. RESULTS Of 158 specimens selected for analysis, 144 were evaluable. ID was available 11.9 hours and AST 27.7 hours faster than SOC. Correct ID was provided for 85.2% of specimens and AST for 59.0% of specimens, with 97.5% essential agreement compared with the SOC. One hundred and thirteen clinical interventions were made on 100 specimens: 54.9% were narrowing; 33.6%, escalation; 6.2%, consultation with ID; and 3.5%, further investigation. If AXDX data had been used immediately once available, interventions would have been possible 24 hours earlier for ID interventions and 39 hours earlier for AST results. CONCLUSIONS Results from rapid diagnostic panels such as AXDX have the potential to support timely antimicrobial de-escalation and other decisions to benefit patients, especially if paired with stewardship interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Grant
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Charlene Porter
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver Costal Health Authority, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Marthe K Charles
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver Costal Health Authority, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Elizabeth A Bryce
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Titus Wong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Salomeh Shajari
- Department of Quality and Patient Safety, Vancouver Costal Health Authority, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Diane L Roscoe
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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26
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Kacarevic D, Bogavac-Stanojevic N, Spasojevic-Kalimanovska V, Bojanin D, Milenkovic T, Stefanovic A, Mihajlovic M, Vujcic S, Vukovic R, Zeljkovic A, Kotur-Stevuljevic J, Mazibrada I, Vekic J. Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like growth factor in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Growth Factors 2020; 38:120-126. [PMID: 33124915 DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2020.1841757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) is involved in atherosclerosis progression. We investigated association between plasma HB-EGF levels and lipid, oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Levels of HB-EGF, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), prooxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB), total antioxidant status (TAS), oxidized low-density lipoproteins (oxLDL), metabolic control and serum lipid parameters and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity were determined in 74 patients and 40 controls. In comparison to controls, patients had significantly higher levels (p < 0.01) of HB-EGF, hsCRP, PAB and oxLDL particles (p < 0.001), but lower levels of TAS and PON1 activity. In T1DM group, HB-EFG levels were positively associated with hsCRP, PAB and oxLDL levels. hsCRP and oxLDL levels were independent predictors of HB-EGF concentration. We demonstrated that oxidative modifications of LDL particles and low-grade inflammation are main determinants of increased plasma HB-EGF levels, which indicates an interactive role of oxidative stress, dyslipidemia and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Kacarevic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | | | - Dragana Bojanin
- Biochemical Laboratory, Department for Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, Mother and Child Health Care Institute of Serbia "Dr Vukan Čupić", Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Milenkovic
- Department of Endocrinology, Mother and Child Health Care Institute of Serbia "Dr Vukan Čupić", Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Mihajlovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja Vujcic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Rade Vukovic
- Department of Endocrinology, Mother and Child Health Care Institute of Serbia "Dr Vukan Čupić", Belgrade, Serbia
- School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Zeljkovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Kotur-Stevuljevic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ilijana Mazibrada
- Family Planning Center, Mother and Child Health Care Institute of Serbia "Dr Vukan Čupić", Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Vekic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Locher K, Roscoe D, Jassem A, Wong T, Hoang LMN, Charles M, Bryce E, Grant J, Stefanovic A. FilmArray respiratory panel assay: An effective method for detecting viral and atypical bacterial pathogens in bronchoscopy specimens. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 95:114880. [PMID: 31607515 PMCID: PMC7132745 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2019.114880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The BioFire FilmArray Respiratory Panel (FA RP) is a rapid multiplexed molecular assay approved for detection of viral and atypical bacterial pathogens in nasopharyngeal specimens. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of the BioFire FilmArray Respiratory Panel v1.7 on bronchoscopy specimens. We tested 133 bronchial specimens (87 archived and 46 prospectively collected) with the FA RP and compared the results to the Luminex NxTAG Respiratory Pathogen Panel (NxTAG RPP). After discordant analysis, 123 specimens gave concordant results using the FA RP and the NxTAG RPP for an overall agreement of 93.9% (kappa = 0.88 [95% CI 0.80–0.96]), a positive percent agreement of 93.7% (95% CI 83.7–97.7) and a negative percent agreement of 94.1% (95% CI 84.9–98.1). In conclusion, the BioFire FilmArray RP performed reliably to detect a broad range of respiratory pathogens in bronchoscopy specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Locher
- Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver Coastal Health, British Columbia, Canada; University of British Columbia, Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Diane Roscoe
- Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver Coastal Health, British Columbia, Canada; University of British Columbia, Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Agatha Jassem
- British Columbia Center for Disease Control, Public Health Laboratory, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; University of British Columbia, Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Titus Wong
- Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver Coastal Health, British Columbia, Canada; University of British Columbia, Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Linda M N Hoang
- British Columbia Center for Disease Control, Public Health Laboratory, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; University of British Columbia, Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Marthe Charles
- Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver Coastal Health, British Columbia, Canada; University of British Columbia, Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Bryce
- Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver Coastal Health, British Columbia, Canada; University of British Columbia, Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jennifer Grant
- Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver Coastal Health, British Columbia, Canada; University of British Columbia, Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver Coastal Health, British Columbia, Canada; University of British Columbia, Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Jerotic D, Matic M, Suvakov S, Vucicevic K, Damjanovic T, Savic-Radojevic A, Pljesa-Ercegovac M, Coric V, Stefanovic A, Ivanisevic J, Jelic-Ivanovic Z, McClements L, Dimkovic N, Simic T. Association of Nrf2, SOD2 and GPX1 Polymorphisms with Biomarkers of Oxidative Distress and Survival in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11070431. [PMID: 31340563 PMCID: PMC6669734 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11070431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The oxidative stress response via Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) interlinks inflammation- and metabolism-related pathways in chronic kidney disease. We assessed the association between polymorphisms in Nrf2, superoxide dismutase (SOD2), glutathione peroxidase (GPX1), and the risk of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The modifying effect of these polymorphisms on both oxidative phenotype and ESRD prognosis, both independently and/or in combination with the glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) deletion polymorphism, was further analyzed. Polymorphisms in Nrf2 (rs6721961), SOD2 (rs4880), GPX1 (rs1050450), and GSTM1 were determined by PCR in 256 ESRD patients undergoing hemodialysis and 374 controls. Byproducts of oxidative stress were analyzed spectrophotometically or by ELISA. Time-to-event modeling was performed to evaluate overall survival and cardiovascular survival. The SOD2 Val/Val genotype increased ESRD risk (OR = 2.01, p = 0.002), which was even higher in combination with the GPX1 Leu/Leu genotype (OR = 3.27, p = 0.019). Polymorphism in SOD2 also showed an effect on oxidative phenotypes. Overall survival in ESRD patients was dependent on a combination of the Nrf2 (C/C) and GPX1 (Leu/Leu) genotypes in addition to a patients’ age and GSTM1 polymorphism. Similarly, the GPX1 (Leu/Leu) genotype contributed to longer cardiovascular survival. Conclusions: Our results show that SOD2, GPX1, and Nrf2 polymorphisms are associated with ESRD development and can predict survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djurdja Jerotic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Matic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sonja Suvakov
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Katarina Vucicevic
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Damjanovic
- Clinical Department for Renal Diseases, Zvezdara University Medical Center, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Savic-Radojevic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Pljesa-Ercegovac
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vesna Coric
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jasmina Ivanisevic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zorana Jelic-Ivanovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Lana McClements
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007 Sidney, Australia
| | - Nada Dimkovic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Clinical Department for Renal Diseases, Zvezdara University Medical Center, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Simic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
- Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
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Mihajlovic M, Ninic A, Sopic M, Miljkovic M, Stefanovic A, Vekic J, Spasojevic-Kalimanovska V, Zeljkovic D, Trifunovic B, Stjepanovic Z, Zeljkovic A. Association among resistin, adenylate cyclase-associated protein 1 and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients with colorectal cancer: a multi-marker approach, as a hallmark of innovative predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine. EPMA J 2019; 10:307-316. [PMID: 31462946 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-019-00178-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Elevated concentrations of resistin have been reported in colorectal cancer (CRC), but its interactions with adenylate cyclase-associated protein 1 (CAP-1) are largely unexplored. We investigated resistin plasma concentration, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) resistin messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA), and CAP-1 mRNA levels in CRC patients, as well as the impact of resistin gene polymorphism rs1862513 on the examined markers. We also explored associations of resistin with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and predictive potential of our parameters for CRC. Methods Eighty-six patients with CRC and 75 healthy adults were included. Commercial ELISA kit was used for obtaining resistin's concentrations, while polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was applied for evaluation of resistin and CAP-1 mRNA levels and rs1862513 polymorphism. Results Plasma resistin and CAP-1 mRNA levels were higher in CRC patients (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively), while resistin mRNA levels were lower (p < 0.001). Negative association existed among plasma resistin and HDL-C concentrations (ρ = - 0.280; p < 0.05). A model including age, body-mass index, HDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and plasma resistin concentrations as independent predictors of CRC showed very good diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.898). We found no associations of rs1862513 with the examined markers. Conclusions Our study demonstrated increased plasma resistin and CAP-1 mRNA levels, implying their possible interaction in CRC. The association among plasma resistin and HDL-C might indicate that HDL-C is involved in alterations of resistin's secretion process. As a hallmark of personalized medicine, multi-marker approach in determination of resistin-related parameters might be useful for prediction and prevention of CRC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Mihajlovic
- 1Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, POB 146, Belgrade, 11000 Serbia
| | - Ana Ninic
- 1Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, POB 146, Belgrade, 11000 Serbia
| | - Miron Sopic
- 1Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, POB 146, Belgrade, 11000 Serbia
| | - Milica Miljkovic
- 1Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, POB 146, Belgrade, 11000 Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- 1Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, POB 146, Belgrade, 11000 Serbia
| | - Jelena Vekic
- 1Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, POB 146, Belgrade, 11000 Serbia
| | | | - Dejan Zeljkovic
- 2Clinic of General Surgery, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bratislav Trifunovic
- 2Clinic of General Surgery, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia
- 3Faculty of Medicine of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defence, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Aleksandra Zeljkovic
- 1Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, POB 146, Belgrade, 11000 Serbia
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Janac J, Zeljkovic A, Jelic-Ivanovic Z, Dimitrijevic-Sreckovic V, Miljkovic M, Stefanovic A, Munjas J, Vekic J, Kotur-Stevuljevic J, Spasojević-Kalimanovska V. The association between lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase activity and fatty liver index. Ann Clin Biochem 2019; 56:583-592. [PMID: 31084205 DOI: 10.1177/0004563219853596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a frequent ailment with known complications, including those within the cardiovascular system. Associations between several indicators of high-density lipoprotein metabolism and function with clinical and laboratory parameters for the assessment of fatty liver index, a surrogate marker of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, were evaluated. Methods The study comprised 130 patients classified according to fatty liver index values: fatty liver index < 30, fatty liver index 30–59 (the intermediate group) and fatty liver index ⩾ 60. Lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase and cholesteryl ester transfer protein activities were determined. Paraoxonase 1 concentration and its activity, paraoxonase 3 concentration and high-density lipoprotein subclass distribution were assessed. Results Increased lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase activity correlated with increased fatty liver index ( P < 0.001). Paraoxonase 3 concentration was lower in the fatty liver index ⩾ 60 group compared with the fatty liver index < 30 group ( P < 0.05). Cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity, paraoxonase 1 concentration and its activity did not significantly differ across the fatty liver index groups. The relative proportion of small-sized high-density lipoprotein 3 subclass was higher in the fatty liver index ⩾ 60 group compared with the other two fatty liver index groups ( P < 0.01). Lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase activity positively associated with the fatty liver index ⩾ 60 group and remained significant after adjustment for other potential confounders. Only the triglyceride concentration remained significantly associated with lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase activity when the parameters that constitute the fatty liver index equation were examined. Conclusions Higher lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase activity is associated with elevated fatty liver index values. Significant independent association between triglycerides and lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase activity might indicate a role of hypertriglyceridaemia in alterations of lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase activity in individuals with elevated fatty liver index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Janac
- 1 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Zeljkovic
- 1 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zorana Jelic-Ivanovic
- 1 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vesna Dimitrijevic-Sreckovic
- 2 Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Miljkovic
- 1 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- 1 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Munjas
- 1 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Vekic
- 1 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Kotur-Stevuljevic
- 1 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Vekic J, Bogavac-Stanojevic N, Kacarevic D, Bojanin D, Mihajlovic M, Stefanovic A, Kotur-Stevuljevic J, Milenkovic T, Vukovic R, Todorovic S, Mitrovic K, Spasojevic-Kalimanovska V. Factor analysis of variables associated with oxidative stress status in paediatric patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Clin Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.03.630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Bogavac-Stanojevic N, Stevanovic M, Zeljkovic A, Vekic J, Stefanovic A, Miljkovic M, Stjepanović Ž, Zeljkovic D, Trifunovic B, Janac J, Spasojevic-Kalimanovska V. Predictors of high molecular weight adiponectin in patients with colorectal cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.03.278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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33
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Ardalic D, Stefanovic A, Banjac G, Cabunac P, Kalimanovska V, Mikovic Z. Biomarkers of oxidative stress in the first trimester of high-risk pregnancy. Clin Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.03.935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
Obesity, a pandemic of the modern world, is intimately associated with dyslipidemia, which is mainly driven by the effects of insulin resistance and pro-inflammatory adipokines. However, recent evidence suggests that obesity-induced dyslipidemia is not a unique pathophysiological entity, but rather has distinct characteristics depending on many individual factors. In line with that, in a subgroup of metabolically healthy obese (MHO) individuals, dyslipidemia is less prominent or even absent. In this review, we will address the main characteristics of dyslipidemia and mechanisms that induce its development in obesity. The fields, which should be further investigated to expand our knowledge on obesity-related dyslipidemia and potentially yield new strategies for prevention and management of cardiometabolic risk, will be highlighted. Also, we will discuss recent findings on novel lipid biomarkers in obesity, in particular proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), as the key molecule that regulates metabolism of low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), as one of the most important mediators of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles function. Special attention will be given to microRNAs and their potential use as biomarkers of obesity-associated dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Vekic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Aleksandra Zeljkovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zorana Jelic-Ivanovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Bojanin D, Vekic J, Milenkovic T, Vukovic R, Zeljkovic A, Stefanovic A, Janac J, Ivanisevic J, Mitrovic K, Miljkovic M, Spasojevic-Kalimanovska V. Association between proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9) and lipoprotein subclasses in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus: Effects of glycemic control. Atherosclerosis 2019; 280:14-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Miljkovic M, Stefanovic A, Vekic J, Zeljkovic A, Gojkovic T, Simic-Ogrizovic S, Bogavac-Stanojevic N, Cerne D, Ilic J, Stefanovic I, Jelic-Ivanovic Z, Spasojevic-Kalimanovska V, Kotur-Stevuljevic J. Activity of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) on HDL 2 and HDL 3 subclasses in renal disease. Clin Biochem 2018; 60:52-58. [PMID: 30130521 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiovascular complications, as the main cause of mortality in renal patients, are followed with altered lipoproteins composition. Considering that paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is an anti-oxidative enzyme located mainly on HDL particles, the current study has aim to investigate whether failure of kidney function leads to changes in the distribution of PON1 activity between different HDL subclasses. MATERIALS AND METHODS In 77 renal patients (21 chronic kidney disease (CKD) and 56 end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on dialysis) and 20 healthy subjects PON1 activity on HDL2 and HDL3 subclasses was determined by zymogram method that combines gradient gel electrophoresis separation of HDL subclasses and measurement of PON1 activity in the same gel. RESULTS Serum paraoxonase (p<0.01) and arylesterase activity (p<0.001) of PON1 as well as its concentration (p<0.01) were significantly lower in CKD and ESRD patients compared to controls. Relative proportion of HDL3 subclasses was higher in ESRD patients than in healthy participants, while HDL2 subclasses was significantly decreased in CKD (p<0.05) and ESRD (p<0.001) patients, as compared to controls. Furthermore, control subjects had higher PON1 activity on HDL2 (CKD and ESRD patients p<0.001) and HDL3 (CKD p<0.05; ESRD patients p<0.001) subclasses in comparison with the both patients groups. Also, significant negative correlation was found between paraoxonase activity of PON1 in serum and creatinine concentration (ρ=-0.373, p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS This study showed that altered HDL subclasses distribution, changed PON1 activities on different HDL subclasses as well as diminished anti-oxidative protection could be important factors in atherosclerosis development in CKD and ESRD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Miljkovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Vekic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Zeljkovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Gojkovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | | | - Darko Cerne
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jasmina Ilic
- Biochemical laboratory, General Hospital "Sveti Luka", Smederevo, Serbia
| | - Ivan Stefanovic
- Biochemical laboratory, General Hospital "Sveti Luka", Smederevo, Serbia
| | - Zorana Jelic-Ivanovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Serbia
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Miljkovic M, Stefanovic A, Simic-Ogrizovic S, Vekic J, Bogavac-Stanojevic N, Cerne D, Kocbek P, Marc J, Jelic-Ivanovic Z, Spasojevic-Kalimanovska V, Kotur-Stevuljevic J. Association of Dyslipidemia, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation With Redox Status in VLDL, LDL, and HDL Lipoproteins in Patients With Renal Disease. Angiology 2018; 69:861-870. [DOI: 10.1177/0003319718780041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Some cardiovascular complications in patients with chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease may be caused by structurally and functionally modified lipoproteins. Redox status (advanced oxidation protein products [AOPPs]), prooxidant–antioxidant balance, total protein sulfhydryl (SH-groups), and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity were assessed in 77 renal patients and 20 controls. Lipoproteins were isolated using ultracentrifugation. PON1, PON3, and pentraxin-3 concentration were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Dyslipidemia-Oxy-Inflammation (DOI) score was calculated as a sum of dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, and inflammation scores. The dyslipidemia score ( P < .001), oxy score ( P < .01), inflammation score (P < .001), and the DOI score ( P < .001) were higher in patient groups compared with controls. The very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) fraction contained the highest amount of AOPP ( P < .001) compared with other lipoprotein fractions in all groups. The low-density lipoprotein (LDL) fraction contained elevated AOPP in all groups compared with the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) fraction ( P < .001). Significant positive correlation was observed between AOPP in LDL fraction and DOI score (ρ = 0.510, P < .01). Dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, and inflammation play an interactive role in renal disease and are mutually associated with redox status in VLDL, LDL, and HDL lipoproteins in plasma of renal patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Miljkovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Jelena Vekic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Darko Cerne
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Petra Kocbek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janja Marc
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Zorana Jelic-Ivanovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Jelena Kotur-Stevuljevic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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38
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Antunovic T, Stefanovic A, Gligorovic Barhanovic N, Miljkovic M, Radunovic D, Ivanisevic J, Prelevic V, Bulatovic N, Ratkovic M, Stojanov M. Prooxidant-antioxidant balance, hsTnI and hsCRP: mortality prediction in haemodialysis patients, two-year follow-up. Ren Fail 2018; 39:491-499. [PMID: 28494192 PMCID: PMC6014488 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2017.1323645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation are highly intertwined pathophysiological processes. We analyzed the markers of these processes and high-sensitive troponin I (hsTnI) for mortality prediction in patients on haemodialysis. This study enrolled a total of 62 patients on regular haemodialysis. The patients were monitored for two years, and the observed outcomes were all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Blood samples were taken before one dialysis session for analysis of the baseline concentrations of prooxidant–antioxidant balance (PAB), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidative status (TOS), hsTnI, hsCRP and resistin. The overall all-cause mortality was 37.1% and CVD mortality 16.1%. By univariate and multivariate logistic regression, our findings suggest that good predictors of all-cause mortality include hsCRP and PAB (p < .05) and of CVD mortality hsCRP (p < .05) and hsTnI (p < .001). To evaluate the relationship between the combined parameter measurements and all-cause/CVD mortality risk, patients were divided into three groups according to their PAB, hsCRP and hsTnI concentrations. The cutoffs for hsCRP and hsTnI and the median for PAB were used. Kaplan–Meier survival curves pointed out that the highest mortality risk of all-cause mortality was in the group with hsCRP levels above the cutoff and PAB levels above the median (p < .001). The highest risk of CVD mortality was found in the group with hsCRP and hsTnI levels above the cutoff levels (p = .001). Our data suggest that hsCRP and PAB are very good predictors of all-cause mortality. For CVD complications and mortality prediction in HD patients, the most sensitive parameters appear to be hsTnI and hsCRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Antunovic
- a Centre for Clinical-Laboratory Diagnostics , Clinical Centre of Montenegro , Podgorica , Montenegro
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- b Department of Medical Biochemistry , University of Belgrade , Faculty of Pharmacy , Belgrade , Serbia
| | | | - Milica Miljkovic
- b Department of Medical Biochemistry , University of Belgrade , Faculty of Pharmacy , Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Danilo Radunovic
- c Clinic for Urology and Nephrology , Clinical Centre of Montenegro , Podgorica , Montenegro
| | - Jasmina Ivanisevic
- b Department of Medical Biochemistry , University of Belgrade , Faculty of Pharmacy , Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Vladimir Prelevic
- c Clinic for Urology and Nephrology , Clinical Centre of Montenegro , Podgorica , Montenegro
| | - Nebojsa Bulatovic
- d Clinic for Cardiac Diseases , Clinical Centre of Montenegro , Podgorica , Montenegro
| | - Marina Ratkovic
- c Clinic for Urology and Nephrology , Clinical Centre of Montenegro , Podgorica , Montenegro.,e Faculty of Medicine , University of Montenegro , Podgorica , Montenegro
| | - Marina Stojanov
- b Department of Medical Biochemistry , University of Belgrade , Faculty of Pharmacy , Belgrade , Serbia
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Ivaniševic J, Vekic J, Zeljkovic A, Stefanovic A, Kotur-Stevuljevic J, Spasojevic-Kalimanovska V, Spasic S, Vucinic-Mihailovic V, Videnovic-Ivanov J, Jelic-Ivanovic Z. Associations of lipoprotein subclasses and oxidative stress status in pulmonary and pulmonary plus extrapulmonary sarcoidosis. Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis 2018; 35:198-205. [PMID: 32476903 DOI: 10.36141/svdld.v35i3.6573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background: Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory disease with pulmonary and extrapulmonary manifestations. In such pathologic conditions, increased oxidative stress and rearrangement of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) may occur. Objective: This study evaluated association of oxidative stress and lipoprotein subclasses in severe forms of pulmonary and pulmonary plus extrapulmonary sarcoidosis. Methods: Lipid parameters, LDL and HDL subclass distributions, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), serum amyloid A (SAA), paraoxonase 1 (PON1), malondialdehyde (MDA), total-oxidant status (TOS), sulfhydryl (SH) groups, pro-oxidant anti-oxidant balance (PAB) were determined in 77 patients (53 isolated pulmonary and 24 pulmonary plus extrapulmonary) and 139 controls. Results: Both pulmonary and extrapulmonary sarcoidosis patients had significantly higher levels of triglycerides and TOS (P<0.05) and more LDL II, LDL III, LDL IVA particles (P<0.01), but lower HDL size, SH groups (P<0.001), PON1 activity and less LDL I subclasses (P<0.05) than controls. In isolated pulmonary disease, HDL-cholesterol (P<0.01) was significantly lower whereas proportions of HDL 3a and PAB were significantly higher (P<0.05) when compared with the control group. PON1 was significantly higher in pulmonary than in combined pulmonary-extrapulmonary disease (P<0.05). In pulmonary sarcoidosis, TOS and PON1 correlated significantly with small-sized HDL particles (P<0.05). Conclusions: Both patient groups were characterized by adverse lipoprotein profile and elevated oxidative stress. In isolated pulmonary group significant associations of oxidative stress and HDL particles distribution was demonstrated. Pulmonary sarcoidosis was associated with higher PON1 activity and rearrangement of LDL particles did not depend on disease localization. (Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis 2018; 35: 198-205).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmina Ivaniševic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Vekic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Zeljkovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Kotur-Stevuljevic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Slavica Spasic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | | | - Zorana Jelic-Ivanovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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40
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Wong T, Stefanovic A, Locher K, Bryce E, Grant JM, Connolly E, Woznow T, Charles M, Hoang LM, Jassem A, Roscoe D. BioFire FilmArray Decreases Infection Control Isolation Times by 4 days in ICU, BMT and Respiratory Wards. Open Forum Infect Dis 2017. [PMCID: PMC5631390 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofx163.852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Novel, rapid, syndromic testing of patients presenting with respiratory infections has the potential to improve patient access and care by decreasing time to diagnosis. BioFire FilmArray (BioFire Diagnostics, bioMerieux) is a cartridge-based, multiplex PCR platform capable of detecting 17 viral and 3 bacterial targets in one hour. This study assessed the impact of implementing this technology on the duration of infection control isolation. Methods A randomized control trial in a 900-bed tertiary-care academic hospital was conducted between December 2016 and January 2017. Fifty consecutive samples of patients with respiratory infections on our ICU, BMT and Respiratory wards to received either BioFire FilmArray Respiratory Panel (BF) diagnostic testing or our routine diagnostic testing (RO) consisting of an influenza A/B/RSV PCR (in-house) followed by Luminex NxTag Respiratory Pathogen Panel that was batched at a reference lab. Five patient charts with missing data were excluded from analysis. Statistical analysis was completed using RStudio Version 1.0.136 – © 2009–2016 RStudio, Inc. Results Patients randomized to the BF arm remained on respiratory isolation precautions on average (42.3 ± 72.9 hours) over 100 hours less than patients randomized to the routine arm (151.3 ± 151.8 hours) (95% CI: 35.6–184.4 hours, P = 0.0052). Conclusion Implementing the BioFire FilmArray Respiratory Panel decreased infection control isolation time by approximately 4 days compared with routine testing; further study is warranted to determine the impact of this technology on patient outcomes and cost benefit. Disclosures T. Wong, bioMerieux: Investigator, Research grant A. Stefanovic, bioMerieux: Investigator, Research grant E. Bryce, bioMerieux: Investigator, Research grant J. M. Grant, bioMerieux: Investigator, Research grant D. Roscoe, bioMerieux: Investigator, Research grant
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Affiliation(s)
- Titus Wong
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kerstin Locher
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Bryce
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jennifer M Grant
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Eithne Connolly
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Tracey Woznow
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Marthe Charles
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Linda Mn Hoang
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- BCCDC Public Health Microbiology and Reference Laboratory, Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Agatha Jassem
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- BCCDC Public Health Microbiology and Reference Laboratory, Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Diane Roscoe
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Zurawska JH, Romney MG, Wong H, Wang H, Ayas NT, Hoang LMN, Stefanovic A, Doyle P, Dhingra V, Dodek PM. Outcomes of Critically Ill Patients Who Have Serotype 5 Invasive Pneumococcal Disease. J Intensive Care Med 2017; 35:63-67. [PMID: 28901208 DOI: 10.1177/0885066617728895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine whether invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) due to serotype 5, which occurred as a local outbreak in 2006 to 2007, is associated with intensive care unit (ICU) admission, hospital mortality, or organ supports in those who are critically ill. MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospective review of patients who presented with IPD to 2 tertiary hospitals in Vancouver, Canada, from July 2004 to June 2007. We compared patient characteristics, interventions, and outcomes between patients who had serotype 5 and other serotypes using bivariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS A total of 149 patients had serotype 5 and 106 had nonserotype 5. Patients with serotype 5 were younger, had lower prevalence of comorbid diseases, and had higher rates of substance use than patients with nonserotype 5. There were no differences in chest tube placement for complications of pneumonia or in ICU admission. Frequency of necrotizing pneumonia and hospital mortality were lower in the serotype 5 group. For the 71 patients with IPD who were admitted to ICU, there was no difference in severity of illness, ICU length of stay, or ICU mortality between the groups. There was also no difference in organ supports except that the serotype 5 group was more likely to receive vasopressors. CONCLUSION Serotype 5 in patients who have IPD is associated with no difference in ICU admission but with increased use of vasopressors and lower hospital mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marc G Romney
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, St Paul's Hospital and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hubert Wong
- Center for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hong Wang
- Center for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Najib T Ayas
- Center for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Linda M N Hoang
- BC Center for Disease Control Public Health Laboratory, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Patrick Doyle
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Vinay Dhingra
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Peter M Dodek
- Center for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Stefanovic A, Roscoe D, Ranasinghe R, Wong T, Bryce E, Porter C, Lim A, Grant J, Ng K, Pudek M. Performance assessment of urine flow cytometry (UFC) to screen urines to reflex to culture in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed hosts. J Med Microbiol 2017; 66:1308-1315. [PMID: 28869004 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Urine flow cytometry (UFC) is an automated method to quantify bacterial and white blood cell (WBC) counts. We aimed to determine whether a threshold for these parameters can be set to use UFC as a sensitive screen to predict which urine samples will subsequently grow in culture. METHODOLOGY Urines submitted to our microbiology laboratory at a tertiary care centre from 22 July 2015-17 February 2016 underwent UFC (Sysmex UF-1000i) analysis, regular urinalysis and urine culture. Positive urine cultures were defined as growth ≥104 c.f.u. ml-1 of organisms associated with urinary tract infections. The correlation of UFC bacterial and WBC counts with urine culture was assessed using receiver operating characteristics curves. The sensitivity (SN), specificity (SP), negative predictive values (NPVs), positive predictive values (PPVs) and false negative rate (FNR) were calculated at various thresholds in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed patients. RESULTS A total of 15 046 urine specimens were submitted, of which 14 908 were analysable in the study. The average time to UFC result from receipt in the laboratory was 0.76 h (+/-1.04). The test performance at a set threshold of UFC bacteria ≥20 or WBC >5 was: SN=96.0 %, SP=39.2 %, PPV=47.0 %, NPV=94.5 % and FNR=4.0 %. This threshold eliminates 26 % of urine cultures. Immunosuppressed hosts had a lower sensitivity of 90.6 % and a higher FNR of 9.4 %. CONCLUSIONS UFC is a rapid and sensitive method to screen out urine samples that will subsequently be negative and to reflex urines to culture that will subsequently grow. UFC results are available within 1 h from receipt and enable the elimination of culture when the set threshold is not met.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, BC, Canada
- University of British Columbia, BC, Canada
| | - Diane Roscoe
- University of British Columbia, BC, Canada
- Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, BC, Canada
| | | | - Titus Wong
- Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, BC, Canada
- University of British Columbia, BC, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Bryce
- Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, BC, Canada
- University of British Columbia, BC, Canada
| | - Charlene Porter
- Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, BC, Canada
| | - Adelina Lim
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, BC, Canada
| | - Jennifer Grant
- Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, BC, Canada
- University of British Columbia, BC, Canada
| | - Karen Ng
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, BC, Canada
| | - Morris Pudek
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, BC, Canada
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Miljkovic M, Kotur-Stevuljevic J, Stefanovic A, Simic-Ogrizovic S, Bogavac-Stanojevic N, Cerne D, Jelic-Ivanovic Z, Spasojevic-Kalimanovska V. Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) in lipoprotein subfractions in patients with different stages of renal disease. Atherosclerosis 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.06.609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ivanisevic J, Stefanovic A, Kotur-Stevuljevic J, Jelic-Ivanovic Z, Spasic S, Videnovic-Ivanov J, Vucinic-Mihailovic V. Matrix metalloproteinases-9 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in sarcoidosis patients. Arh farmaciju 2017. [DOI: 10.5937/arhfarm1701001i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Cooper J, Bryce E, Astrakianakis G, Stefanovic A, Bartlett K. Efficacy of an automated ultraviolet C device in a shared hospital bathroom. Am J Infect Control 2016; 44:1692-1694. [PMID: 27575773 PMCID: PMC7115262 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial concentrations in a bathroom with an ultraviolet C device and a control bathroom are compared. The ultraviolet C–treated bathroom had significantly lower airborne and surface bacterial levels. Ultraviolet C has the potential to be used in a wide range of decontamination applications.
Toilet flushing can contribute to disease transmission by generating aerosolized bacteria and viruses that can land on nearby surfaces or follow air currents. Aerobic and anaerobic bacterial bioaerosol loads, and bacterial counts on 2 surfaces in a bathroom with a permanently installed, automated ultraviolet C (UVC) irradiation device, were significantly lower than in a comparable bathroom without the UVC device. Permanently installed UVC lights may be a useful supplementary decontamination tool in shared patient bathrooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse Cooper
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Elizabeth Bryce
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - George Astrakianakis
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Karen Bartlett
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Miljkovic M, Kotur-Stevuljevic J, Stefanovic A, Vekic J, Zeljkovic A, Gojkovic T, Simic-Ogrizovic S, Spasojevic-Kalimanovska V, Jelic-Ivanovic Z. Renal disease is associated with modified PON1 distribution at HDL subclasses. Atherosclerosis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.07.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Miljkovic M, Kotur-Stevuljevic J, Stefanovic A, Zeljkovic A, Vekic J, Gojkovic T, Bogavac-Stanojevic N, Nikolic M, Simic-Ogrizovic S, Spasojevic-Kalimanovska V, Jelic-Ivanovic Z. Oxidative stress and hemoglobin-cholesterol adduct in renal patients with different LDL phenotypes. Int Urol Nephrol 2016; 48:1683-90. [PMID: 27412679 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-016-1358-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Unfavorable lipid profile is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease in renal pathology. In this study, we compared chronic renal patients and healthy controls with different LDL phenotypes (A or B) in respect of various biochemical parameters related to cardiovascular disease. METHODS Oxidative stress and anti-oxidative defense parameters [thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances (TBARS), total oxidative status (TOS), total anti-oxidative status (TAS), total protein sulfhydryl (-SH) groups], as well as red blood cell cholesterol distribution were assessed in 40 renal patients and 40 control subjects by standardized assays. LDL particle diameters were determined by polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis. LDL particles are subdivided according to their size into large LDL A phenotype (diameter >25.5 nm) and small LDL B phenotype (diameter ≤25.5 nm). RESULTS Renal patients with LDL A phenotype had increased oxidative stress (TOS: p < 0.01, and TBARS: p < 0.001) and decreased total SH- groups (p < 0.001) compared to controls with the same LDL phenotype. A notable decrease in hemoglobin-cholesterol adduct was detected in patients with LDL A phenotype (p < 0.001) and LDL B phenotype (p < 0.05) compared with appropriate controls. LDL B phenotype was characterized with increased TBARS (p < 0.05) compared with LDL A phenotype in control group. CONCLUSION Increased oxidative stress, decreased anti-oxidative defense followed with unfavorable changes in hemoglobin-cholesterol binding capacity, could have important influence on cardiovascular disease risk in renal patients regardless of LDL phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Miljkovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, P. Box 146, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Jelena Kotur-Stevuljevic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, P. Box 146, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, P. Box 146, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Zeljkovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, P. Box 146, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Vekic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, P. Box 146, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Gojkovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, P. Box 146, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Natasa Bogavac-Stanojevic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, P. Box 146, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milan Nikolic
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja Simic-Ogrizovic
- Clinic of Nephrology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Pasterova 2, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vesna Spasojevic-Kalimanovska
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, P. Box 146, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zorana Jelic-Ivanovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, P. Box 146, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
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Stefanovic A, Wright A, Tang V, Hoang L. Positive blood cultures in a patient recovering from febrile neutropenia. JMM Case Rep 2016; 3:e005038. [PMID: 28348759 PMCID: PMC5330227 DOI: 10.1099/jmmcr.0.005038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital , Vancouver, BC , Canada
| | - Alissa Wright
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital , Vancouver, BC , Canada
| | - Vincent Tang
- BC Public Health Microbiology and Reference Laboratory , Vancouver, BC , Canada
| | - Linda Hoang
- BC Public Health Microbiology and Reference Laboratory , Vancouver, BC , Canada
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Kadija S, Stefanovic A, Jeremic K, Radojevic M, Cerovic-Popovic R, Srbinovic M, Likic-Ladjevic I. Successful conservative treatment of a cervical ectopic pregnancy at 13 weeks. CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN 2016. [DOI: 10.12891/ceog2092.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Ladjevic IL, Stefanovic A, Kadija S, Terzic M, Jeremic K, Janjic T. Vagina as a rare location of renal cell carcinoma metastasis. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2016; 37:434-435. [PMID: 27352582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metastatic renal cell carcinoma is often found in distant organs, including lung, bone, brain, and liver. Metastases to the vagina are extremely rare. CASE REPORT The authors present a case of renal cell carcinoma metastasis to the anterior vaginal wall four months after nephrectomy in a 56-year-old patient. The vaginal lesions were excised. After two years the patient had no signs of recurrence or the disease progression. CONCLUSION Vaginal metastases should be considered in differential diagnosis of female renal cell carcinoma patients presenting with vaginal bleeding of mass.
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