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Liu M, Pan Y, Wang Z, Wang J, Shi Y, Chu J. The role of social determinants in alcohol consumption and cardiovascular health: The pathways study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2025; 35:103783. [PMID: 39653595 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 09/28/2024] [Accepted: 10/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The "J"-shaped relationship between alcohol consumption and cardiovascular health is recognized as potentially influenced by residual confounders, and this study aimed to clarify the role that social determinants play in the relationship. METHODS AND RESULTS Using NHANES data from 2005 to 2018, this study analyzed 30,648 participants to assess how eight social determinants (employment, income, food security, education, healthcare access, insurance, housing stability, and marital status) influence the relationship between alcohol consumption and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Moderate drinking reduces CVD risk (HR: 0.741, 95%CI: 0.661, 0.831, P < 0.001), while heavy drinking increases it (HR: 1.025, 95%CI: 1.004, 1.095, P = 0.035). Structural equation modeling revealed that ideal social determinants and health metrics contribute significantly to the cardiovascular protective effects of moderate drinking (path proportion: 42.31 %). Conversely, heavy drinking is associated with poorer social determinants and health metrics, masking the cardiovascular protective effect (path proportion: 90.91 %). CONCLUSIONS This study quantifies the role of social and health factors in the relationship between alcohol consumption and CVD. Despite identifying direct cardiovascular protective effects of alcohol consumption, global health initiatives should continue to advocate for reduced heavy drinking, given the significant risks involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Hefei, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230000, Anhui, China.
| | - Yuxiong Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, 364000, China.
| | - Ziyong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Hefei, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230000, Anhui, China
| | - Jvhong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Hefei, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230000, Anhui, China
| | - Yibao Shi
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Hefei, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230000, Anhui, China
| | - Jun Chu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC (University of Science and Technology of China), Hefei, 230000, Anhui, China
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Jung E, Ryu HH, Cho YJ, Chun BJ. Interactions Between Depression, Alcohol Intake, and Smoking on the Risk of Acute Coronary Syndrome. Psychiatry Investig 2024; 21:1-8. [PMID: 38200636 PMCID: PMC10822734 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2023.0245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our study hypothesizes that the interaction between depression, alcohol intake, and smoking status can significantly influence the risk of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We aim to investigate the magnitude of the association between depression and ACS risk and explore how alcohol intake and smoking status affect this association. METHODS We used data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. The primary exposure of interest was the presence of depression, as measured using the Beck Depression Inventory score at baseline. The primary outcome was the occurrence of ACS observed in the biennial follow-up surveys. We used Cox proportional regression analysis to estimate the effect of depression on ACS incidence. We conducted interaction and joint effect analyses to explore the interactions between depression and health-related habits including alcohol intake and smoking with regard to ACS incidence. RESULTS During 16 years of follow-up among 3,254 individuals, we documented 88 cases of new-onset ACS (2.2 cases per 1,000 personyears). We found no association between depression and ACS risk; furthermore, the effect of depression on ACS risk by alcohol intake and smoking status did not differ significantly. In the analysis to observe the joint effect of smoking and depression, the multivariate hazard ratios of ACS were 1.26 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.67-2.36) for non-smoking and depression, 1.52 (95% CI, 0.83-2.82) for smoking and non-depression, and 2.79 (95% CI, 1.21-6.41) for smoking and depression compared with non-smoking and non-depression. CONCLUSION Our study reveals the combined effect of depression and smoking on ACS risk, highlighting the potential benefits of concurrent interventions for both depression and smoking for cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eujene Jung
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ho Ryu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ju Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Haenam Woori General Hospital, Haenam, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Jo Chun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Mai Z, Wang S, Chen H, Zhang J, Liu H, Zhao L, Chen Y, Huang R, Zhou H, Chen X, Ding Y, Kong D. Genetically predicted lifestyle factors, socioeconomic status and risk of coronary artery disease in individuals with diabetes: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1284958. [PMID: 38186695 PMCID: PMC10771329 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1284958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study explores the causal links between genetically predicted lifestyle factors, socioeconomic status, and coronary artery disease (CAD) risk in individuals with diabetes using a bidirectional Mendelian-randomization approach. Methods This study explored the potential causal relationships of lifestyle factors and socioeconomic status with the risk of CAD in diabetes patients by a bidirectional, two-sample Mendelian-randomization (MR) analysis. Results Genetically predicted smoking initiation (p = 0.005, 95% CI: 1.08-1.55) and insomnia (p = 0.001, 95% CI: 1.06-1.29) were associated with a higher risk of CAD in individuals with diabetes, whereas educational attainment (p = 0.0001, 95% CI: 0.47-0.78) was associated with a lower risk of CAD. The lifetime smoking index (p = 0.016, 95% CI: 1.12-3.03) was suggestively associated with a higher risk of CAD, while household income before taxes (p = 0.048, 95% CI: 0.41-1.00) was suggestively associated with a lower risk of CAD. In addition, we observed a suggestive negative association between the genetically predicted risk of CAD and the lifetime smoking index (p = 0.016, 95% CI: 0.98-0.99) and a significant causal relationship between the risk of CAD and household income before taxes (p = 0.006, 95% CI: 0.97-0.99). Conclusion The results of this study provide evidence that smoking initiation, lifetime smoking index and insomnia are associated with an increased risk of CAD in individuals with diabetes, educational attainment and household income before taxes are associated with a reduced risk of CAD in individuals with diabetes, and the possible role of lifetime smoking index and household income before taxes on the risk of CAD in individuals with diabetes. It provides an opportunity for the prevention and management of CAD in individuals with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Mai
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Le Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yongze Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ruixian Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of Hospital Infection Management of Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yuanlin Ding
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Danli Kong
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
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Petroianu A, Haddad CMDSLD, Pereira GA, Vidigal PVT. Hepatic artery disorders associated with alcoholism. J Int Med Res 2023; 51:3000605231153547. [PMID: 36748484 PMCID: PMC9909056 DOI: 10.1177/03000605231153547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to characterize the relationship between severe chronic alcoholism and hepatic arterial wall disorders in humans. METHODS We obtained hepatic arteries from 165 patients undergoing liver transplantation who were placed into two etiological groups: an Alcoholism group and a Non-alcoholism group. We compared the age, sex, lipid profile, and histologic characteristics of the hepatic arteries (normal, reduction in luminal diameter of ≤10%, or atherosclerosis) of the participants in the two groups using multifactor analyses. RESULTS The Alcoholism group comprised 58 men and 40 women and the Non-alcoholism group comprised 63 men and 4 women. The mean ages of the groups were 52.5 ± 9.6 years and 44.2 ± 13.8 years, respectively. There were no circulating lipid abnormalities in any of the participants. In women, arterial disorders were found at a younger age than in men. Hepatic arterial disorders were more frequent in the non-alcoholic participants, and women with alcoholism showed less arterial narrowing. CONCLUSION The heavy consumption of alcoholic beverages is associated with a lower incidence of atherosclerosis of the hepatic artery in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy Petroianu
- Andy Petroianu, Rua São Paulo, 925 – apto. 802, Belo Horizonte, MG 30170-906, Brazil.
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Basnet TB, G. C. S, Basnet R, Neupane B. Dietary nutrients of relative importance associated with coronary artery disease: Public health implication from random forest analysis. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243063. [PMID: 33301496 PMCID: PMC7728256 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary nutrients have significant effects on the risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, the results were not uniform across different countries. The study aims to determine the relative importance of dietary nutrients associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) among the Nepalese population. A hospital-based matched case-control study was carried out at Shahid Gangalal National Heart Center in Nepal. In the present study, patients with more than seventy percent stenosis in any main coronary artery branch in angiography were defined as cases, while those presenting normal coronary angiography or negative for stressed exercise test were considered controls. Dietary intakes of 612 respondents over the past 12 months were evaluated using a semi-quantitative customized food frequency questionnaire. In conditional regression model, the daily average dietary intake of β-carotene (OR: 0.54; 95%CI: 0.34, 0.87), and vitamin C (OR: 0.96; 95%CI: 0.93, 0.99) were inversely, whereas dietary carbohydrate (OR: 1.16; 95%CI: 1.1, 1.24), total fat/oil (OR: 1.47; 95%CI: 1.27, 1.69), saturated fatty acid (SFA) (OR: 1.2; 95%CI: 1.11, 1.3), cholesterol (OR: 1.01; 95%CI: 1.001, 1.014), and iron intakes (OR: 1.11; 95%CI: 1.03, 1.19) were positively linked with CAD. Moreover, in random forest analysis, the daily average dietary intakes of SFA, vitamin A, total fat/oil, β-carotene, and cholesterol were among the top five nutrients (out of 12 nutrients variables) of relative importance associated with CAD. The nutrients of relative importance imply a reasonable preventive measure in public health nutrients specific intervention to prevent CAD in a resource-poor country like Nepal. The findings are at best suggestive of a possible relationship between these nutrients and the development of CAD, but prospective cohort studies and randomized control trials will need to be performed in the Nepalese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Til Bahadur Basnet
- Little Buddha College of Health Sciences, Prubanchal University, Kathmandu, Nepal
- * E-mail:
| | - Srijana G. C.
- Maharajgunj Nursing Campus, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Rajesh Basnet
- Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Bidusha Neupane
- Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol is consumed by over 2 billion people worldwide. It is a common substance of abuse and its use can lead to more than 200 disorders including hypertension. Alcohol has both acute and chronic effects on blood pressure. This review aimed to quantify the acute effects of different doses of alcohol over time on blood pressure and heart rate in an adult population. OBJECTIVES Primary objective To determine short-term dose-related effects of alcohol versus placebo on systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in healthy and hypertensive adults over 18 years of age. Secondary objective To determine short-term dose-related effects of alcohol versus placebo on heart rate in healthy and hypertensive adults over 18 years of age. SEARCH METHODS The Cochrane Hypertension Information Specialist searched the following databases for randomised controlled trials up to March 2019: the Cochrane Hypertension Specialised Register; the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL; 2019, Issue 2), in the Cochrane Library; MEDLINE (from 1946); Embase (from 1974); the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform; and ClinicalTrials.gov. We also contacted authors of relevant articles regarding further published and unpublished work. These searches had no language restrictions. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing effects of a single dose of alcohol versus placebo on blood pressure (BP) or heart rate (HR) in adults (≥ 18 years of age). DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors (ST and CT) independently extracted data and assessed the quality of included studies. We also contacted trial authors for missing or unclear information. Mean difference (MD) from placebo with 95% confidence interval (CI) was the outcome measure, and a fixed-effect model was used to combine effect sizes across studies. MAIN RESULTS: We included 32 RCTs involving 767 participants. Most of the study participants were male (N = 642) and were healthy. The mean age of participants was 33 years, and mean body weight was 78 kilograms. Low-dose alcohol (< 14 g) within six hours (2 RCTs, N = 28) did not affect BP but did increase HR by 5.1 bpm (95% CI 1.9 to 8.2) (moderate-certainty evidence). Medium-dose alcohol (14 to 28 g) within six hours (10 RCTs, N = 149) decreased systolic blood pressure (SBP) by 5.6 mmHg (95% CI -8.3 to -3.0) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) by 4.0 mmHg (95% CI -6.0 to -2.0) and increased HR by 4.6 bpm (95% CI 3.1 to 6.1) (moderate-certainty evidence for all). Medium-dose alcohol within 7 to 12 hours (4 RCTs, N = 54) did not affect BP or HR. Medium-dose alcohol > 13 hours after consumption (4 RCTs, N = 66) did not affect BP or HR. High-dose alcohol (> 30 g) within six hours (16 RCTs, N = 418) decreased SBP by 3.5 mmHg (95% CI -6.0 to -1.0), decreased DBP by 1.9 mmHg (95% CI-3.9 to 0.04), and increased HR by 5.8 bpm (95% CI 4.0 to 7.5). The certainty of evidence was moderate for SBP and HR, and was low for DBP. High-dose alcohol within 7 to 12 hours of consumption (3 RCTs, N = 54) decreased SBP by 3.7 mmHg (95% CI -7.0 to -0.5) and DBP by 1.7 mmHg (95% CI -4.6 to 1.8) and increased HR by 6.2 bpm (95% CI 3.0 to 9.3). The certainty of evidence was moderate for SBP and HR, and low for DBP. High-dose alcohol ≥ 13 hours after consumption (4 RCTs, N = 154) increased SBP by 3.7 mmHg (95% CI 2.3 to 5.1), DBP by 2.4 mmHg (95% CI 0.2 to 4.5), and HR by 2.7 bpm (95% CI 0.8 to 4.6) (moderate-certainty evidence for all). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: High-dose alcohol has a biphasic effect on BP; it decreases BP up to 12 hours after consumption and increases BP > 13 hours after consumption. High-dose alcohol increases HR at all times up to 24 hours. Findings of this review are relevant mainly to healthy males, as only small numbers of women were included in the included trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Tasnim
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Chantel Tang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Vijaya M Musini
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - James M Wright
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Liu CX, Yin RX, Shi ZH, Deng GX, Zheng PF, Wei BL, Guan YZ. EHBP1 SNPs, Their Haplotypes, and Gene-Environment Interactive Effects on Serum Lipid Levels. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:7158-7169. [PMID: 32280856 PMCID: PMC7143410 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs2710642 and rs10496099 and their effect on the EH domain-binding protein 1 (EHBP1) gene and serum lipid profiles remain uncertain. This study was performed to investigate the two EHBP1 SNPs in Han and Maonan populations, including their association, haplotypes, and effects on serum lipid levels. Two EHBP1 SNPs in 564 Han and 796 Maonan participants were genotyped by high-throughput sequencing, and then the genotype and haplotype distributions of two EHBP1 SNPs were analyzed. Moreover, risk factors and their effects on serum lipid levels were analyzed using multivariable linear regression and logistic regression analyses. In Han and Maonan populations, a significant difference was found in the allelic and genotypic frequencies of the EHBP1 rs2710642 and rs10496099 SNPs and the alternate alleles of rs2710642A and rs10496099C might be potentially beneficial for healthy lipid levels. Medium linkage disequilibrium between the two SNPs was noted in each ethnic group, and four main haplotypes were detected. The rs2710642G-rs10496099C haplotype was associated with high triglycerides (TGs) and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and the rs2710642A-rs10496099C haplotype was associated with low TGs and high apolipoprotein A1. The rs2710642G-rs10496099C haplotype was a high-risk factor for hyperlipidemia, and it interacted with smoking, fasting blood glucose, and hypertension to increase but with the female factor to decrease the prevalence of hyperlipidemia in Han individuals. The EHBP1 rs2710642 and rs10496099 SNPs and gene-environment interactions were associated with serum lipid profiles and hyperlipidemia, which is of ethnic specificity to our study populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Xiao Liu
- Department
of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated
Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Rui-Xing Yin
- Department
of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated
Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, People’s Republic
of China
- Guangxi
Key Laboratory Base of Precision Medicine in Cardio-cerebrovascular
Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi
Clinical Research Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Zong-Hu Shi
- Department
of Prevention and Health Care, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou 545005, Guangxi, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Guo-Xiong Deng
- Department
of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated
Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Peng-Fei Zheng
- Department
of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated
Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Bi-Liu Wei
- Department
of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated
Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Yao-Zong Guan
- Department
of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated
Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, People’s Republic
of China
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Chiva-Blanch G, Badimon L. Benefits and Risks of Moderate Alcohol Consumption on Cardiovascular Disease: Current Findings and Controversies. Nutrients 2019; 12:nu12010108. [PMID: 31906033 PMCID: PMC7020057 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol has a hormetic physiological behavior that results in either increased or decreased cardiovascular risk depending on the amount consumed, drinking frequency, pattern of consumption, and the outcomes under study or even the type of alcoholic beverage consumed. However, the vast majority of studies elucidating the role of alcohol in cardiovascular and in the global burden of disease relies on epidemiological studies of associative nature which carry several limitations. This is why the cardiovascular benefits of low–moderate alcohol consumption are being questioned and perhaps might have been overestimated. Thus, the aim of this review was to critically discuss the current knowledge on the relationship between alcohol intake and cardiovascular disease. Besides new evidence associating low and moderate alcohol consumption with decreased risk of cardiovascular disease, several questions remain unanswered related to the concrete amount of safe consumption, the type of alcoholic beverage, and the age-, sex-, and genetic/ethnical-specific differences in alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Chiva-Blanch
- Cardiovascular Program ICCC; Institut de Recerca Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau—IIB Sant Pau, Sant Antoni Maria Claret, 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Program ICCC; Institut de Recerca Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau—IIB Sant Pau, Sant Antoni Maria Claret, 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-935565882
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Basnet TB, Xu C, Mallah MA, Indayati W, Shi C, Xu J, Gu A. Association of smoking with coronary artery disease in Nepalese populations: a case control study. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2019; 8:677-685. [PMID: 31588344 PMCID: PMC6762006 DOI: 10.1039/c9tx00083f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There are well-known traditional risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD). Among them, smoking is one of the most prominent and modifiable risk factors. This study aims to determine the magnitude of smoking as a risk factor for CAD in the Nepalese population. A hospital-based age- and sex-matched case-control study was carried out with a total of 612 respondents. Bivariate analysis showed that the risk of developing CAD in ex-smokers and current smokers was higher (odds ratio (OR): 1.81 (confidence interval (CI): 1.21-2.7) and OR: 5.2 (CI: 3.4-7.97)), with p-values less than 0.004 and <0.00001, respectively, compared to the risk in never smokers. From stratified socio-demographic, cardio-metabolic, behavioural and psychosocial risk factor analysis, smoking was found to be associated with CAD in almost all subgroups. In the subsequent multivariate analysis, adjustment for socio-demographic, cardio-metabolic and psychosocial risk factors showed a steady increase in risk. However, further adjustment for behavioural risk factors (alcohol use and physical activity) showed that the risk was attenuated by 59% in current smokers. After adjusting for the covariates, current smokers and ex-smokers had an increased risk of CAD (OR: 6.64, 95% CI: 3.64-12.12, p < 0.00001; OR: 1.89, 95% CI: 1.08-3.31, p < 0.012, respectively) compared with non-smokers. In conclusion, smoking was found to increase the risk of CAD in the Nepalese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Til Bahadur Basnet
- School of Public Health , Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China .
| | - Cheng Xu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery , Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Manthar Ali Mallah
- School of Public Health , Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China .
| | - Wiwik Indayati
- School of Public Health , Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China .
| | - Cheng Shi
- School of Public Health , Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China .
| | - Jin Xu
- School of Public Health , Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China .
| | - Aihua Gu
- School of Public Health , Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China .
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10
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Oikonomou E, Lazaros G, Christoforatou E, Chasikidis C, Vavouranaki G, Vogiatzi G, Papamikroulis GA, Tsalamandris S, Gergiopoulos G, Mazaris S, Theofilis P, Anastasiou M, Galiatsatos N, Tousoulis D. Breakfast association with arterial stiffness and carotid atherosclerotic burden. Insights from the 'Corinthia' study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2019; 29:744-750. [PMID: 31138498 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The role of dietary patterns, in cardiovascular diseases has been challenged. The role of breakfast as an element of balance energy intake has gained research interest. However, the effects of dietary patterns related to breakfast consumption on vascular function are unknown. We explored the association of breakfast consumption habits with arterial wall elastic properties and carotid atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS In this cross-sectional study we enrolled 2043 inhabitants of the Corinthia region in Greece. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) was used to assess arterial stiffness. Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) was measured and the mean and the maximum cIMT were calculated. According to food frequency questionnaires, breakfast contribution in total daily energy intake (>20%; 5-20% and <5%) was estimated. Subjects were categorized as high-energy breakfast consumers (HeBC), low-energy breakfast consumers (LeBC) and those skipping breakfast (SBf) respectively. From the study population 240 subjects were categorized as HeBC, 897 as LeBC, and 681 as SBf. The mean cf-PWV was significantly higher in subjects SBf compared to LeBC and HeBC (9.35 ± 2.82 m/s vs. 9.09 ± 2.77 m/s vs. 8.76 ± 2.69 m/s, p = 0.02). The mean cIMT was significantly higher in subjects SBf compared to LeBC and HeBC (1.04 ± 0.46 mm vs. 0.99 ± 0.43 mm vs. 0.92 ± 0.39 mm, p = 0.01). Even after adjustment for potential confounders and cardiovascular risk factors SBf subjects have significantly increased mean cIMT and cf-PWV. CONCLUSION Skipping breakfast has an adverse effect on arterial stiffness and carotid atheromatic burden. Increased breakfast total energy intake may act protectively against atherosclerosis, a finding worth of further pathophysiologic exploration with potential clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Oikonomou
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - George Lazaros
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Christoforatou
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Chasikidis
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Vavouranaki
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Vogiatzi
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece.
| | - George A Papamikroulis
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Sotirios Tsalamandris
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Gergiopoulos
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Savvas Mazaris
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Theofilis
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Myriam Anastasiou
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikos Galiatsatos
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
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Genetic susceptibility of five tagSNPs in the endothelin-1 ( EDN1) gene to coronary artery disease in a Chinese Han population. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20171320. [PMID: 29654172 PMCID: PMC6205642 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20171320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelin-1 (ET-1) plays important roles in endothelial dysfunction, vascular physiology, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. Nonetheless, the role of ET-1 (EDN1) gene variants on coronary artery disease (CAD) risk remains poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of EDN1 gene polymorphisms on individual susceptibility to CAD. We genotyped five tagSNPs (single-nucleotide polymorphisms) (rs6458155, rs4145451, rs9369217, rs3087459, and rs2070699) within EDN1 gene in 525 CAD patients and 675 control subjects. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, we detected an association of rs6458155 in EDN1 gene with the CAD risk; compared with the TT homozygotes, the CT heterozygotes (odds ratio (OR) = 1.53, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02–2.29, P=0.040) and the CC homozygotes (OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.01–2.36, P=0.043) were statistically significantly associated with the increased risk for CAD. A similar trend of the association was found in dominant model (OR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.05–2.25, P=0.029). Consistently, the haplotype rs6458155C-rs4145451C containing rs6458155 C allele exhibited the increased CAD risk (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.03–1.43, and P=0.018). In addition, CT genotype of rs6458155 conferred the increased plasma ET-1 levels compared with TT genotype (P<0.05). No association of the other four tagSNPs in EDN1 gene with CAD risk was observed. In conclusion, our study provides the first evidence that EDN1 tagSNP rs6458155 is associated with CAD risk in the Chinese Han population, which is probably due to the influence of the circulating ET-1 levels.
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Mladěnka P, Applová L, Patočka J, Costa VM, Remiao F, Pourová J, Mladěnka A, Karlíčková J, Jahodář L, Vopršalová M, Varner KJ, Štěrba M, TOX‐OER and CARDIOTOX Hradec Králové Researchers and Collaborators. Comprehensive review of cardiovascular toxicity of drugs and related agents. Med Res Rev 2018; 38:1332-1403. [PMID: 29315692 PMCID: PMC6033155 DOI: 10.1002/med.21476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in most developed countries of the world. Pharmaceuticals, illicit drugs, and toxins can significantly contribute to the overall cardiovascular burden and thus deserve attention. The present article is a systematic overview of drugs that may induce distinct cardiovascular toxicity. The compounds are classified into agents that have significant effects on the heart, blood vessels, or both. The mechanism(s) of toxic action are discussed and treatment modalities are briefly mentioned in relevant cases. Due to the large number of clinically relevant compounds discussed, this article could be of interest to a broad audience including pharmacologists and toxicologists, pharmacists, physicians, and medicinal chemists. Particular emphasis is given to clinically relevant topics including the cardiovascular toxicity of illicit sympathomimetic drugs (e.g., cocaine, amphetamines, cathinones), drugs that prolong the QT interval, antidysrhythmic drugs, digoxin and other cardioactive steroids, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, female hormones, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory, and anticancer compounds encompassing anthracyclines and novel targeted therapy interfering with the HER2 or the vascular endothelial growth factor pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Přemysl Mladěnka
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec KrálovéCharles UniversityHradec KrálovéCzech Republic
| | - Lenka Applová
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec KrálovéCharles UniversityHradec KrálovéCzech Republic
| | - Jiří Patočka
- Department of Radiology and Toxicology, Faculty of Health and Social StudiesUniversity of South BohemiaČeské BudějoviceCzech Republic
- Biomedical Research CentreUniversity HospitalHradec KraloveCzech Republic
| | - Vera Marisa Costa
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of PortoPortoPortugal
| | - Fernando Remiao
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of PortoPortoPortugal
| | - Jana Pourová
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec KrálovéCharles UniversityHradec KrálovéCzech Republic
| | - Aleš Mladěnka
- Oncogynaecologic Center, Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsUniversity HospitalOstravaCzech Republic
| | - Jana Karlíčková
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec KrálovéCharles UniversityHradec KrálovéCzech Republic
| | - Luděk Jahodář
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec KrálovéCharles UniversityHradec KrálovéCzech Republic
| | - Marie Vopršalová
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec KrálovéCharles UniversityHradec KrálovéCzech Republic
| | - Kurt J. Varner
- Department of PharmacologyLouisiana State University Health Sciences CenterNew OrleansLAUSA
| | - Martin Štěrba
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec KrálovéCharles UniversityHradec KrálovéCzech Republic
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13
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Epicardial adipose tissue, alcohol consumption, and coronary artery disease severity. Clin Nutr 2018; 37:404. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Exploring the utility of alcohol flushing as an instrumental variable for alcohol intake in Koreans. Sci Rep 2018; 8:458. [PMID: 29323248 PMCID: PMC5765011 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18856-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated an association of higher alcohol intake with cardiovascular disease and related traits, but causation has not been definitively established. In this study, the causal effect of alcohol intake on hypertension in 2,011 men and women from the Ansan-Ansung cohort was estimated using an instrumental variable (IV) approach, with both a phenotypic and genotypic instrument for alcohol intake: alcohol flushing and the rs671 genotype (in the alcohol dehydrogenase 2 [ALDH2] gene), respectively. Both alcohol flushing and the rs671 genotype were associated with alcohol intake (difference in alcohol intake with alcohol flushers vs. non-flushers: −9.07 g/day; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −11.12, −7.02; P-value: 8.3 × 10−18 and with the rs671 GA + AA vs. GG genotype: −7.94 g/day; 95% CI: −10.20, −5.69; P-value: 6.1 × 10−12). An increase in alcohol intake, as predicted by both the absence of alcohol flushing and the presence of the rs671 GG genotype in the IV analyses, was associated with an increase in blood pressure in men from this Korean population. In conclusion, this study supports a causal effect of alcohol intake on hypertension and indicated that alcohol flushing may be a valid proxy for the ALDH2 rs671 polymorphism, which influences alcohol intake in this Korean population.
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