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Berbís MÁ, Godino FP, Rodríguez-Comas J, Nava E, García-Figueiras R, Baleato-González S, Luna A. Radiomics in CT and MR imaging of the liver and pancreas: tools with potential for clinical application. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2024; 49:322-340. [PMID: 37889265 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-023-04071-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Radiomics allows the extraction of quantitative imaging features from clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computerized tomography (CT) studies. The advantages of radiomics have primarily been exploited in oncological applications, including better characterization and staging of oncological lesions and prediction of patient outcomes and treatment response. The potential introduction of radiomics in the clinical setting requires the establishment of a standardized radiomics pipeline and a quality assurance program. Radiomics and texture analysis of the liver have improved the differentiation of hypervascular lesions such as adenomas, focal nodular hyperplasia, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) during the arterial phase, and in the pretreatment determination of HCC prognostic factors (e.g., tumor grade, microvascular invasion, Ki-67 proliferation index). Radiomics of pancreatic CT and MR images has enhanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma detection and its differentiation from pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, mass-forming chronic pancreatitis, or autoimmune pancreatitis. Radiomics can further help to better characterize incidental pancreatic cystic lesions, accurately discriminating benign from malignant intrapancreatic mucinous neoplasms. Nonetheless, despite their encouraging results and exciting potential, these tools have yet to be implemented in the clinical setting. This non-systematic review will describe the essential steps in the implementation of the radiomics and feature extraction workflow from liver and pancreas CT and MRI studies for their potential clinical application. A succinct overview of reported radiomics applications in the liver and pancreas and the challenges and limitations of their implementation in the clinical setting is also discussed, concluding with a brief exploration of the future perspectives of radiomics in the gastroenterology field.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Álvaro Berbís
- Department of Radiology, HT Médica, San Juan de Dios Hospital, 14960, Córdoba, Spain.
- Department of Radiology, HT Médica, San Juan de Dios Hospital, Av. del Brillante, 106, 14012, Córdoba, Spain.
| | | | | | - Enrique Nava
- Department of Communications Engineering, University of Málaga, 29016, Málaga, Spain
| | - Roberto García-Figueiras
- Abdominal Imaging Section, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Sandra Baleato-González
- Abdominal Imaging Section, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Antonio Luna
- Department of Radiology, HT Médica, Clínica las Nieves, 23007, Jaén, Spain
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Kovacs B, Netzer N, Baumgartner M, Schrader A, Isensee F, Weißer C, Wolf I, Görtz M, Jaeger PF, Schütz V, Floca R, Gnirs R, Stenzinger A, Hohenfellner M, Schlemmer HP, Bonekamp D, Maier-Hein KH. Addressing image misalignments in multi-parametric prostate MRI for enhanced computer-aided diagnosis of prostate cancer. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19805. [PMID: 37957250 PMCID: PMC10643562 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46747-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis on multi-parametric magnetic resonance images (MRI) requires radiologists with a high level of expertise. Misalignments between the MRI sequences can be caused by patient movement, elastic soft-tissue deformations, and imaging artifacts. They further increase the complexity of the task prompting radiologists to interpret the images. Recently, computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) tools have demonstrated potential for PCa diagnosis typically relying on complex co-registration of the input modalities. However, there is no consensus among research groups on whether CAD systems profit from using registration. Furthermore, alternative strategies to handle multi-modal misalignments have not been explored so far. Our study introduces and compares different strategies to cope with image misalignments and evaluates them regarding to their direct effect on diagnostic accuracy of PCa. In addition to established registration algorithms, we propose 'misalignment augmentation' as a concept to increase CAD robustness. As the results demonstrate, misalignment augmentations can not only compensate for a complete lack of registration, but if used in conjunction with registration, also improve the overall performance on an independent test set.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balint Kovacs
- Division of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 223, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Division of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Nils Netzer
- Division of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Baumgartner
- Division of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 223, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Helmholtz Imaging, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Adrian Schrader
- Division of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fabian Isensee
- Division of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 223, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Helmholtz Imaging, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cedric Weißer
- Division of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ivo Wolf
- Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Magdalena Görtz
- Junior Clinical Cooperation Unit 'Multiparametric Methods for Early Detection of Prostate Cancer', German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Urology, University of Heidelberg Medical Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Paul F Jaeger
- Helmholtz Imaging, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Interactive Machine Learning Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Victoria Schütz
- Department of Urology, University of Heidelberg Medical Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ralf Floca
- Division of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 223, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Regula Gnirs
- Division of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Albrecht Stenzinger
- Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg Medical Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Hohenfellner
- Department of Urology, University of Heidelberg Medical Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heinz-Peter Schlemmer
- Division of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ, Core Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Bonekamp
- Division of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ, Core Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus H Maier-Hein
- Division of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 223, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Helmholtz Imaging, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ, Core Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Pattern Analysis and Learning Group, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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3
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Perera-Bel E, Aycock KN, Salameh ZS, Gomez-Barea M, Davalos RV, Ivorra A, Ballester MAG. PIRET-A Platform for Treatment Planning in Electroporation-Based Therapies. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2023; 70:1902-1910. [PMID: 37015676 PMCID: PMC10281020 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2022.3232038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Tissue electroporation is the basis of several therapies. Electroporation is performed by briefly exposing tissues to high electric fields. It is generally accepted that electroporation is effective where an electric field magnitude threshold is overreached. However, it is difficult to preoperatively estimate the field distribution because it is highly dependent on anatomy and treatment parameters. OBJECTIVE We developed PIRET, a platform to predict the treatment volume in electroporation-based therapies. METHODS The platform seamlessly integrates tools to build patient-specific models where the electric field is simulated to predict the treatment volume. Patient anatomy is segmented from medical images and 3D reconstruction aids in placing the electrodes and setting up treatment parameters. RESULTS Four canine patients that had been treated with high-frequency irreversible electroporation were retrospectively planned with PIRET and with a workflow commonly used in previous studies, which uses different general-purpose segmentation (3D Slicer) and modeling software (3Matic and COMSOL Multiphysics). PIRET outperformed the other workflow by 65 minutes (× 1.7 faster), thanks to the improved user experience during treatment setup and model building. Both approaches computed similarly accurate electric field distributions, with average Dice scores higher than 0.93. CONCLUSION A platform which integrates all the required tools for electroporation treatment planning is presented. Treatment plan can be performed rapidly with minimal user interaction in a stand-alone platform. SIGNIFICANCE This platform is, to the best of our knowledge, the most complete software for treatment planning of irreversible electroporation. It can potentially be used for other electroporation applications.
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Straub S, El-Sanosy E, Emmerich J, Sandig FL, Ladd ME, Schlemmer HP. Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers for cortical pathology in multiple sclerosis at 7 T. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 36:e4847. [PMID: 36259249 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Substantial cortical gray matter tissue damage, which correlates with clinical disease severity, has been revealed in multiple sclerosis (MS) using advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods at 3 T and the use of ultra-high field, as well as in histopathology studies. While clinical assessment mainly focuses on lesions using T 1 - and T 2 -weighted MRI, quantitative MRI (qMRI) methods are capable of uncovering subtle microstructural changes. The aim of this ultra-high field study is to extract possible future MR biomarkers for the quantitative evaluation of regional cortical pathology. Because of their sensitivity to iron, myelin, and in part specifically to cortical demyelination, T 1 , T 2 , R 2 * , and susceptibility mapping were performed including two novel susceptibility markers; in addition, cortical thickness as well as the volumes of 34 cortical regions were computed. Data were acquired in 20 patients and 16 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. In 18 cortical regions, large to very large effect sizes (Cohen's d ≥ 1) and statistically significant differences in qMRI values between patients and controls were revealed compared with only four regions when using more standard MR measures, namely, volume and cortical thickness. Moreover, a decrease in all susceptibility contrasts ( χ , χ + , χ - ) and R 2 * values indicates that the role of cortical demyelination might outweigh inflammatory processes in the form of iron accumulation in cortical MS pathology, and might also indicate iron loss. A significant association between susceptibility contrasts as well as R 2 * of the caudal middle frontal gyrus and disease duration was found (adjusted R2 : 0.602, p = 0.0011). Quantitative MRI parameters might be more sensitive towards regional cortical pathology compared with the use of conventional markers only and therefore may play a role in early detection of tissue damage in MS in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Straub
- Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Edris El-Sanosy
- Division Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julian Emmerich
- Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frederik L Sandig
- Division Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mark E Ladd
- Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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5
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Freudenblum J, Meyer D, Kimmel RA. Mitochondrial network expansion and dynamic redistribution during islet morphogenesis in zebrafish larvae. FEBS Lett 2023; 597:262-275. [PMID: 36217213 PMCID: PMC10092693 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria, organelles critical for energy production, modify their shape and location in response to developmental state and metabolic demands. Mitochondria are altered in diabetes, but the mechanistic basis is poorly defined, due to difficulties in assessing mitochondria within an intact organism. Here, we use in vivo imaging in transparent zebrafish larvae to demonstrate filamentous, interconnected mitochondrial networks within islet cells. Mitochondrial movements highly resemble what has been reported for human islet cells in vitro, showing conservation in behaviour across species and cellular context. During islet development, mitochondrial content increases with emergence of cell motility, and mitochondria disperse within fine protrusions. Overall, this work presents quantitative analysis of mitochondria within their native environment and provides insights into mitochondrial behaviour during organogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dirk Meyer
- Institute of Molecular Biology/CMBIUniversity of InnsbruckAustria
| | - Robin A. Kimmel
- Institute of Molecular Biology/CMBIUniversity of InnsbruckAustria
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6
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Thimukonda Jegadeesan J, Baldia M, Basu B. Next-generation personalized cranioplasty treatment. Acta Biomater 2022; 154:63-82. [PMID: 36272686 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Decompressive craniectomy (DC) is a surgical procedure, that is followed by cranioplasty surgery. DC is usually performed to treat patients with traumatic brain injury, intracranial hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, brain edema, skull fractures, etc. In many published clinical case studies and systematic reviews, cranioplasty surgery is reported to restore cranial symmetry with good cosmetic outcomes and neurophysiologically relevant functional outcomes in hundreds of patients. In this review article, we present a number of key issues related to the manufacturing of patient-specific implants, clinical complications, cosmetic outcomes, and newer alternative therapies. While discussing alternative therapeutic treatments for cranioplasty, biomolecules and cellular-based approaches have been emphasized. The current clinical practices in the restoration of cranial defects involve 3D printing to produce patient-specific prefabricated cranial implants, that provide better cosmetic outcomes. Regardless of the advancements in image processing and 3D printing, the complete clinical procedure is time-consuming and requires significant costs. To reduce manual intervention and to address unmet clinical demands, it has been highlighted that automated implant fabrication by data-driven methods can accelerate the design and manufacturing of patient-specific cranial implants. The data-driven approaches, encompassing artificial intelligence (machine learning/deep learning) and E-platforms, such as publicly accessible clinical databases will lead to the development of the next generation of patient-specific cranial implants, which can provide predictable clinical outcomes. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Cranioplasty is performed to reconstruct cranial defects of patients who have undergone decompressive craniectomy. Cranioplasty surgery improves the aesthetic and functional outcomes of those patients. To meet the clinical demands of cranioplasty surgery, accelerated designing and manufacturing of 3D cranial implants are required. This review provides an overview of biomaterial implants and bone flap manufacturing methods for cranioplasty surgery. In addition, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine-based approaches to reduce clinical complications are also highlighted. The potential use of data-driven computer applications and data-driven artificial intelligence-based approaches are emphasized to accelerate the clinical protocols of cranioplasty treatment with less manual intervention and shorter intraoperative time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manish Baldia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400026, India
| | - Bikramjit Basu
- Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, CV Raman Road, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India; Centre for Biosystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India.
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Anatomically Accurate, High-Resolution Modeling of the Human Index Finger Using In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Tomography 2022; 8:2347-2359. [PMID: 36287795 PMCID: PMC9611080 DOI: 10.3390/tomography8050196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Anatomically accurate models of a human finger can be useful in simulating various disorders. In order to have potential clinical value, such models need to include a large number of tissue types, identified by an experienced professional, and should be versatile enough to be readily tailored to specific pathologies. Magnetic resonance images were acquired at ultrahigh magnetic field (7 T) with a radio-frequency coil specially designed for finger imaging. Segmentation was carried out under the supervision of an experienced radiologist to accurately capture various tissue types (TTs). The final segmented model of the human index finger had a spatial resolution of 0.2 mm and included 6,809,600 voxels. In total, 15 TTs were identified: subcutis, Pacinian corpuscle, nerve, vein, artery, tendon, collateral ligament, volar plate, pulley A4, bone, cartilage, synovial cavity, joint capsule, epidermis and dermis. The model was applied to the conditions of arthritic joint, ruptured tendon and variations in the geometry of a finger. High-resolution magnetic resonance images along with careful segmentation proved useful in the construction of an anatomically accurate model of the human index finger. An example illustrating the utility of the model in biomedical applications is shown. As the model includes a number of tissue types, it may present a solid foundation for future simulations of various musculoskeletal disease processes in human joints.
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8
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Kim YS, Cho HG, Kim J, Park SJ, Kim HJ, Lee SE, Yang JD, Kim WH, Lee JS. Prediction of Implant Size Based on Breast Volume Using Mammography with Fully Automated Measurements and Breast MRI. Ann Surg Oncol 2022; 29:7845-7854. [PMID: 35723790 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-022-11972-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Determination of implant size is crucial for patients with breast cancer undergoing one-stage breast reconstruction. The purpose of this study is to predict the implant size based on the breast volume measured by mammography (MG) with a fully automated method, and by breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with a semi-automated method, in breast cancer patients with direct-to-implant reconstruction. PATIENTS AND METHODS This retrospective study included 84 patients with breast cancer who underwent direct-to-implant reconstruction after nipple-sparing or skin-sparing mastectomy and preoperative MG and MRI between April 2015 and April 2019. Breast volume was measured using (a) MG with a fully automated commercial software and (b) MRI with an in-house semi-automated software program. Multivariable regression analyses including breast volume and patient weight (P < 0.05 in univariable analysis) were conducted to predict implant size. RESULTS MG and MRI breast volume was highly correlated with both implant size (correlation coefficient 0.862 and 0.867, respectively; P values < 0.001) and specimen weight (correlation coefficient 0.802 and 0.852, respectively; P values < 0.001). Mean absolute difference between the MR breast volume and implant size was 160 cc, which was significantly higher than that between the MG breast volume and implant size of 118 cc (P < 0.001). On multivariable analyses, only breast volume measured by both MG and MRI was significantly associated with implant size in any implant type (all P values < 0.001). CONCLUSION Breast volume measured by MG and MRI can be used to predict appropriate implant size in breast cancer patients undergoing direct-to-implant reconstruction in an efficient and objective manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Seon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Yeungnam University Hospital, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Geun Cho
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeil Kim
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Joon Park
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jung Kim
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Eun Lee
- Department of Radiology, Yeungnam University Hospital, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Dug Yang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Hwa Kim
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joon Seok Lee
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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9
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Pusterla O, Heule R, Santini F, Weikert T, Willers C, Andermatt S, Sandkühler R, Nyilas S, Latzin P, Bieri O, Bauman G. MRI lung lobe segmentation in pediatric cystic fibrosis patients using a recurrent neural network trained with publicly accessible CT datasets. Magn Reson Med 2022; 88:391-405. [PMID: 35348244 PMCID: PMC9314108 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To introduce a widely applicable workflow for pulmonary lobe segmentation of MR images using a recurrent neural network (RNN) trained with chest CT datasets. The feasibility is demonstrated for 2D coronal ultrafast balanced SSFP (ufSSFP) MRI. Methods Lung lobes of 250 publicly accessible CT datasets of adults were segmented with an open‐source CT‐specific algorithm. To match 2D ufSSFP MRI data of pediatric patients, both CT data and segmentations were translated into pseudo‐MR images that were masked to suppress anatomy outside the lung. Network‐1 was trained with pseudo‐MR images and lobe segmentations and then applied to 1000 masked ufSSFP images to predict lobe segmentations. These outputs were directly used as targets to train Network‐2 and Network‐3 with non‐masked ufSSFP data as inputs, as well as an additional whole‐lung mask as input for Network‐2. Network predictions were compared to reference manual lobe segmentations of ufSSFP data in 20 pediatric cystic fibrosis patients. Manual lobe segmentations were performed by splitting available whole‐lung segmentations into lobes. Results Network‐1 was able to segment the lobes of ufSSFP images, and Network‐2 and Network‐3 further increased segmentation accuracy and robustness. The average all‐lobe Dice similarity coefficients were 95.0 ± 2.8 (mean ± pooled SD [%]) and 96.4 ± 2.5, 93.0 ± 2.0; and the average median Hausdorff distances were 6.1 ± 0.9 (mean ± SD [mm]), 5.3 ± 1.1, 7.1 ± 1.3 for Network‐1, Network‐2, and Network‐3, respectively. Conclusion Recurrent neural network lung lobe segmentation of 2D ufSSFP imaging is feasible, in good agreement with manual segmentations. The proposed workflow might provide access to automated lobe segmentations for various lung MRI examinations and quantitative analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orso Pusterla
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rahel Heule
- High Field Magnetic Resonance, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Francesco Santini
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Weikert
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Corin Willers
- Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Simon Andermatt
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Robin Sandkühler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sylvia Nyilas
- Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Latzin
- Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Bieri
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Grzegorz Bauman
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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10
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Schneider TM, Ma J, Wagner P, Behl N, Nagel AM, Ladd ME, Heiland S, Bendszus M, Straub S. Multiparametric MRI for Characterization of the Basal Ganglia and the Midbrain. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:661504. [PMID: 34234639 PMCID: PMC8255625 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.661504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To characterize subcortical nuclei by multi-parametric quantitative magnetic resonance imaging. Materials and Methods: The following quantitative multiparametric MR data of five healthy volunteers were acquired on a 7T MRI system: 3D gradient echo (GRE) data for the calculation of quantitative susceptibility maps (QSM), GRE sequences with and without off-resonant magnetic transfer pulse for magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) calculation, a magnetization−prepared 2 rapid acquisition gradient echo sequence for T1 mapping, and (after a coil change) a density-adapted 3D radial pulse sequence for 23Na imaging. First, all data were co-registered to the GRE data, volumes of interest (VOIs) for 21 subcortical structures were drawn manually for each volunteer, and a combined voxel-wise analysis of the four MR contrasts (QSM, MTR, T1, 23Na) in each structure was conducted to assess the quantitative, MR value-based differentiability of structures. Second, a machine learning algorithm based on random forests was trained to automatically classify the groups of multi-parametric voxel values from each VOI according to their association to one of the 21 subcortical structures. Results The analysis of the integrated multimodal visualization of quantitative MR values in each structure yielded a successful classification among nuclei of the ascending reticular activation system (ARAS), the limbic system and the extrapyramidal system, while classification among (epi-)thalamic nuclei was less successful. The machine learning-based approach facilitated quantitative MR value-based structure classification especially in the group of extrapyramidal nuclei and reached an overall accuracy of 85% regarding all selected nuclei. Conclusion Multimodal quantitative MR enabled excellent differentiation of a wide spectrum of subcortical nuclei with reasonable accuracy and may thus enable sensitive detection of disease and nucleus-specific MR-based contrast alterations in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till M Schneider
- Department of Neuroradiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jackie Ma
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, Fraunhofer Heinrich Hertz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Wagner
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, Fraunhofer Heinrich Hertz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicolas Behl
- Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Armin M Nagel
- Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mark E Ladd
- Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Physics and Astronomy and Faculty of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Heiland
- Department of Neuroradiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Bendszus
- Department of Neuroradiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sina Straub
- Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
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11
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Acar T, Karakas AB, Ozer MA, Koc AM, Govsa F. Building Three-Dimensional Intracranial Aneurysm Models from 3D-TOF MRA: a Validation Study. J Digit Imaging 2021; 32:963-970. [PMID: 31410678 DOI: 10.1007/s10278-019-00256-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To create realistic three-dimensional (3D) vascular models from 3D time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (3D-TOF MRA) of an intracranial aneurysm (IA). Thirty-two IAs in 31 patients were printed using 3D-TOF MRA source images from polylactic acid (PLA) raw material. Two observers measured the maximum IA diameter at the longest width twice separately. A total mean of four measurements as well as each observer's individual average MRA lengths were calculated. After printing, 3D-printed anatomic models (PAM) underwent computed tomography (CT) acquisition and each observer measured them using the same algorithm as applied to MRA. Inter- and intra-observer consistency for the MRA and CT measurements were analyzed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and a Bland-Altman plot. The mean maximum aneurysm diameter obtained from four MRA evaluations was 8.49 mm, whereas it was 8.83 mm according to the CT 3D PAM measurement. The Wilcoxon test revealed slightly larger mean CT 3D PAM diameters than the MRA measurements. The Spearman's correlation test yielded a positive correlation between MRA and CT lengths of 3D PAMs. Inter and intra-observer consistency were high in consecutive MRA and CT measurements. According to Bland-Altman analyses, the aneurysmal dimensions obtained from CT were higher for observer 1 and observer 2 (a mean of 0.32 mm and 0.35 mm, respectively) compared to the MRA measurements. CT dimensions were slightly overestimated compared to MRA measurements of the created models. We believe the discrepancy may be related to the Laplacian algorithm applied for surface smoothing and the high slice thickness selection that was used. However, ICC provided high consistency and reproducibility in our cohort. Therefore, it is technically possible to produce 3D intracranial aneurysm models from 3D-TOF MRA images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turker Acar
- Department of Radiology, University of Health Sciences Bozyaka Education and Training Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
- Department of Anatomy Digital Imaging and 3D Modelling Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University School of Medicine, TR-35100, Izmir, Turkey
- Department of Radiology, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine and The Ottawa Hospital Research, Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Asli Beril Karakas
- Department of Anatomy Digital Imaging and 3D Modelling Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University School of Medicine, TR-35100, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Asim Ozer
- Department of Anatomy Digital Imaging and 3D Modelling Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University School of Medicine, TR-35100, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ali Murat Koc
- Department of Radiology, University of Health Sciences Bozyaka Education and Training Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Figen Govsa
- Department of Anatomy Digital Imaging and 3D Modelling Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University School of Medicine, TR-35100, Izmir, Turkey.
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12
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Palkovics D, Mangano FG, Nagy K, Windisch P. Digital three-dimensional visualization of intrabony periodontal defects for regenerative surgical treatment planning. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:351. [PMID: 33261592 PMCID: PMC7709443 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01342-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the regenerative treatment of intrabony periodontal defects, surgical strategies are primarily determined by defect morphologies. In certain cases, however, direct clinical measurements and intraoral radiographs do not provide sufficient information on defect morphologies. Therefore, the application of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) has been proposed in specific cases. 3D virtual models reconstructed with automatic thresholding algorithms have already been used for diagnostic purposes. The aim of this study was to utilize 3D virtual models, generated with a semi-automatic segmentation method, for the treatment planning of minimally invasive periodontal surgeries and to evaluate the accuracy of the virtual models, by comparing digital measurements to direct intrasurgical measurements. Methods Four patients with a total of six intrabony periodontal defects were enrolled in the present study. Two months following initial periodontal treatment, a CBCT scan was taken. The novel semi-automatic segmentation method was performed in an open-source medical image processing software (3D Slicer) to acquire virtual 3D models of alveolar and dental structures. Intrasurgical and digital measurements were taken, and results were compared to validate the accuracy of the digital models. Defect characteristics were determined prior to surgery with conventional diagnostic methods and 3D virtual models. Diagnostic assessments were compared to the actual defect morphology during surgery. Results Differences between intrasurgical and digital measurements in depth and width of intrabony components of periodontal defects averaged 0.31 ± 0.21 mm and 0.41 ± 0.44 mm, respectively. In five out of six cases, defect characteristics could not be assessed precisely with direct clinical measurements and intraoral radiographs. 3D models generated with the presented semi-automatic segmentation method depicted the defect characteristics correctly in all six cases. Conclusion It can be concluded that 3D virtual models acquired with the described semi-automatic segmentation method provide accurate information on intrabony periodontal defect morphologies, thus influencing the treatment strategy. Within the limitations of this study, models were found to be accurate; however, further investigation with a standardized validation process on a large number of participants has to be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Palkovics
- Department of Periodontology, Semmelweis University, 1088 Szentkirályi Str. 47. 4th Floor, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Francesco Guido Mangano
- Department of Prevention and Communal Dentistry, Sechenov First State Medical University, Bol'shaya Pirogovskaya Ulitsa, 19c1, Moscow, Russia
| | - Katalin Nagy
- Department of Oral Surgery, University of Szeged, Tisza L. Str. 64, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Peter Windisch
- Department of Periodontology, Semmelweis University, 1088 Szentkirályi Str. 47. 4th Floor, Budapest, Hungary
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13
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Willers C, Bauman G, Andermatt S, Santini F, Sandkühler R, Ramsey KA, Cattin PC, Bieri O, Pusterla O, Latzin P. The impact of segmentation on whole-lung functional MRI quantification: Repeatability and reproducibility from multiple human observers and an artificial neural network. Magn Reson Med 2020; 85:1079-1092. [PMID: 32892445 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the repeatability and reproducibility of lung segmentation and their impact on the quantitative outcomes from functional pulmonary MRI. Additionally, to validate an artificial neural network (ANN) to accelerate whole-lung quantification. METHOD Ten healthy children and 25 children with cystic fibrosis underwent matrix pencil decomposition MRI (MP-MRI). Impaired relative fractional ventilation (RFV ) and relative perfusion (RQ ) from MP-MRI were compared using whole-lung segmentation performed by a physician at two time-points (At1 and At2 ), by an MRI technician (B), and by an ANN (C). Repeatability and reproducibility were assess with Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), paired t-test and Intraclass-correlation coefficient (ICC). RESULTS The repeatability within an observer (At1 vs At2 ) resulted in a DSC of 0.94 ± 0.01 (mean ± SD) and an unsystematic difference of -0.01% for RFV (P = .92) and +0.1% for RQ (P = .21). The reproducibility between human observers (At1 vs B) resulted in a DSC of 0.88 ± 0.02, and a systematic absolute difference of -0.81% (P < .001) for RFV and -0.38% (P = .037) for RQ . The reproducibility between human and the ANN (At1 vs C) resulted in a DSC of 0.89 ± 0.03 and a systematic absolute difference of -0.36% for RFV (P = .017) and -0.35% for RQ (P = .002). The ICC was >0.98 for all variables and comparisons. CONCLUSIONS Despite high overall agreement, there were systematic differences in lung segmentation between observers. This needs to be considered for longitudinal studies and could be overcome by using an ANN, which performs as good as human observers and fully automatizes MP-MRI post-processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corin Willers
- Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Grzegorz Bauman
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Simon Andermatt
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Santini
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Robin Sandkühler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kathryn A Ramsey
- Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Philippe C Cattin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Bieri
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Orso Pusterla
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Latzin
- Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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14
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Straub S, Mangesius S, Emmerich J, Indelicato E, Nachbauer W, Degenhardt KS, Ladd ME, Boesch S, Gizewski ER. Toward quantitative neuroimaging biomarkers for Friedreich's ataxia at 7 Tesla: Susceptibility mapping, diffusion imaging, R 2 and R 1 relaxometry. J Neurosci Res 2020; 98:2219-2231. [PMID: 32731306 PMCID: PMC7590084 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is a rare genetic disorder leading to degenerative processes. So far, no effective treatment has been found. Therefore, it is important to assist the development of medication with imaging biomarkers reflecting disease status and progress. Ten FRDA patients (mean age 37 ± 14 years; four female) and 10 age- and sex-matched controls were included. Acquisition of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data for quantitative susceptibility mapping, R1 , R2 relaxometry and diffusion imaging was performed at 7 Tesla. Results of volume of interest (VOI)-based analyses of the quantitative data were compared with a voxel-based morphometry (VBM) evaluation. Differences between patients and controls were assessed using the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA; p < 0.01) with age and sex as covariates, effect size of group differences, and correlations with disease characteristics with Spearman correlation coefficient. For the VBM analysis, a statistical threshold of 0.001 for uncorrected and 0.05 for corrected p-values was used. Statistically significant differences between FRDA patients and controls were found in five out of twelve investigated structures, and statistically significant correlations with disease characteristics were revealed. Moreover, VBM revealed significant white matter atrophy within regions of the brainstem, and the cerebellum. These regions overlapped partially with brain regions for which significant differences between healthy controls and patients were found in the VOI-based quantitative MRI evaluation. It was shown that two independent analyses provided overlapping results. Moreover, positive results on correlations with disease characteristics were found, indicating that these quantitative MRI parameters could provide more detailed information and assist the search for effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Straub
- Division of Medical Physics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Mangesius
- Department of Neuroradiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Neuroimaging Core Facility, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Julian Emmerich
- Division of Medical Physics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Wolfgang Nachbauer
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Katja S Degenhardt
- Division of Medical Physics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mark E Ladd
- Division of Medical Physics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sylvia Boesch
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Elke R Gizewski
- Department of Neuroradiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Neuroimaging Core Facility, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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15
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16
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Straub S, Knowles BR, Flassbeck S, Steiger R, Ladd ME, Gizewski ER. Mapping the human brainstem: Brain nuclei and fiber tracts at 3 T and 7 T. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2019; 32:e4118. [PMID: 31286600 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Structural high-resolution imaging of the brainstem can be of high importance in clinical practice. However, ultra-high field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is still restricted in use due to limited availability. Therefore, quantitative MRI techniques (quantitative susceptibility mapping [QSM], relaxation measurements [ R2* , R1 ], diffusion tensor imaging [DTI]) and T2 - and proton density (PD)-weighted imaging in the human brainstem at 3 T and 7 T are compared. Five healthy volunteers (mean age: 21.5 ± 1.9 years) were measured at 3 T and 7 T using multi-echo gradient echo sequences for susceptibility mapping and R2* relaxometry, magnetization-prepared 2 rapid acquisition gradient echo sequences for R1 relaxometry, turbo-spin echo sequences for PD- and T2 -weighted imaging and readout-segmented echo planar sequences for DTI. Susceptibility maps were computed using Laplacian-based phase unwrapping, V-SHARP for background field removal and the streaking artifact reduction for QSM algorithm for dipole inversion. Contrast-to-noise ratios (CNRs) were determined at 3 T and 7 T in ten volumes of interest (VOIs). Data acquired at 7 T showed higher CNR. However, in four VOIs, lower CNR was observed for R2* at 7 T. QSM was shown to be the contrast with which the highest number of structures could be identified. The depiction of very fine tracts such as the medial longitudinal fasciculus throughout the brainstem was only possible in susceptibility maps acquired at 7 T. DTI effectively showed the main tracts (crus cerebri, transverse pontine fibers, corticospinal tract, middle and superior cerebellar peduncle, pontocerebellar tract, and pyramid) at both field strengths. Assessing the brainstem with quantitative MRI methods such as QSM, R2* , as well as PD- and T2 -weighted imaging with great detail, is also possible at 3 T, especially when using susceptibility mapping calculated from a gradient echo sequence with a wide range of echo times from 10.5 to 52.5 ms. However, tracing smallest structures strongly benefits from imaging at ultra-high field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Straub
- Department of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Benjamin R Knowles
- Department of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Flassbeck
- Department of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ruth Steiger
- Department of Neuroradiology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Neuroimaging Core Facility, Medical University Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mark E Ladd
- Department of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elke R Gizewski
- Department of Neuroradiology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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17
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Kraaij G, Loeve AJ, Dankelman J, Nelissen RGHH, Valstar ER. Water Jet Applicator for Interface Tissue Removal in Minimally Invasive Hip Refixation: Testing the Principle and Design of Prototype. J Med Device 2019. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4043293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical loosening of implants is in the majority accompanied with a periprosthetic interface membrane, which has to be removed during revision surgery. The same is true if a minimal invasive (percutaneous) refixation of a loose implant is done. We describe the requirements for a waterjet applicator for interface tissue removal for this percutaneous hip refixation technique. The technical requirements were either obtained from a literature review, a theoretical analysis, or by experimental setup. Based on the requirements, a waterjet applicator is designed which is basically a flexible tube (outer diameter 3 mm) with two channels. One channel for the water supply (diameter 0.9 mm) and one for suction to evacuate water and morcellated interface tissue from the periprosthetic cavity. The applicator has a rigid tip (length 6 mm), which directs the water flow to create two waterjets (diameter 0.2 mm), both focused into the suction channel. The functionality of this new applicator is demonstrated by testing a prototype of the applicator tip in an in vitro experimental setup. This testing has shown that the designed applicator for interface tissue removal will eliminate the risk of water pressure buildup; the ejected water was immediately evacuated from the periprosthetic cavity. Blocking of the suction opening was prevented because the jets cut through interface tissue that gets in front of the suction channel. Although further development of the water applicator is necessary, the presented design of the applicator is suitable for interface tissue removal in a minimally invasive hip refixation procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gert Kraaij
- Department of Orthopaedics, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, Leiden 2300RC, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, Delft 2628CD, The Netherlands e-mail:
| | - Arjo J. Loeve
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, Delft 2628CD, The Netherlands
| | - Jenny Dankelman
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, Delft 2628CD, The Netherlands
| | - Rob G. H. H. Nelissen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, Leiden 2300RC, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, Delft 2628CD, The Netherlands
| | - Edward R. Valstar
- Department of Orthopaedics, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, Leiden 2300RC, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, Delft 2628CD, The Netherlands
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18
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Abdullah JY, Rajion ZA, Martin AG, Jaafar A, Ghani ARI, Abdullah JM. Shape-based interpolation method in measuring intracranial volume for pre- and post-operative decompressive craniectomy using open source software. Neurocirugia (Astur) 2019; 30:115-123. [PMID: 30782505 DOI: 10.1016/j.neucir.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intracranial volume (ICV) is an important tool in the management of patients undergoing decompressive craniectomy (DC) surgery. The aim of this study was to validate ICV measurement applying the shape-based interpolation (SBI) method using open source software on computed tomography (CT) images. METHODS The pre- and post-operative CT images of 55 patients undergoing DC surgery were analyzed. The ICV was measured by segmenting every slice of the CT images, and compared with estimated ICV calculated using the 1-in-10 sampling strategy and processed using the SBI method. An independent t test was conducted to compare the ICV measurements between the two different methods. The calculation using this method was repeated three times for reliability analysis using the intraclass correlations coefficient (ICC). The Bland-Altman plot was used to measure agreement between the methods for both pre- and post-operative ICV measurements. RESULTS The mean ICV (±SD) were 1341.1±122.1ml (manual) and 1344.11±122.6ml (SBI) for the preoperative CT data. The mean ICV (±SD) were 1396.4±132.4ml (manual) and 1400.53±132.1ml (SBI) for the post-operative CT data. No significant difference was found in ICV measurements using the manual and the SBI methods (p=.983 for pre-op, and p=.960 for post-op). The intrarater ICC showed a significant correlation; ICC=1.00. The Bland-Altman plot showed good agreement between the manual and the SBI method. CONCLUSION The shape-based interpolation method with 1-in-10 sampling strategy gave comparable results in estimating ICV compared to manual segmentation. Thus, this method could be used in clinical settings for rapid, reliable and repeatable ICV estimations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johari Yap Abdullah
- Craniofacial Medical Imaging Research Group, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Zainul Ahmad Rajion
- Craniofacial Medical Imaging Research Group, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Arvind Gerard Martin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Jalan Air Putih, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Azlan Jaafar
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Rahman Izaini Ghani
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Jafri Malin Abdullah
- Centre for Neuroscience Services & Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
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19
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Dillon-Murphy D, Marlevi D, Ruijsink B, Qureshi A, Chubb H, Kerfoot E, O'Neill M, Nordsletten D, Aslanidi O, de Vecchi A. Modeling Left Atrial Flow, Energy, Blood Heating Distribution in Response to Catheter Ablation Therapy. Front Physiol 2019; 9:1757. [PMID: 30618785 PMCID: PMC6302108 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a widespread cardiac arrhythmia that commonly affects the left atrium (LA), causing it to quiver instead of contracting effectively. This behavior is triggered by abnormal electrical impulses at a specific site in the atrial wall. Catheter ablation (CA) treatment consists of isolating this driver site by burning the surrounding tissue to restore sinus rhythm (SR). However, evidence suggests that CA can concur to the formation of blood clots by promoting coagulation near the heat source and in regions with low flow velocity and blood stagnation. Methods: A patient-specific modeling workflow was created and applied to simulate thermal-fluid dynamics in two patients pre- and post-CA. Each model was personalized based on pre- and post-CA imaging datasets. The wall motion and anatomy were derived from SSFP Cine MRI data, while the trans-valvular flow was based on Doppler ultrasound data. The temperature distribution in the blood was modeled using a modified Pennes bioheat equation implemented in a finite-element based Navier-Stokes solver. Blood particles were also classified based on their residence time in the LA using a particle-tracking algorithm. Results: SR simulations showed multiple short-lived vortices with an average blood velocity of 0.2-0.22 m/s. In contrast, AF patients presented a slower vortex and stagnant flow in the LA appendage, with the average blood velocity reduced to 0.08–0.14 m/s. Restoration of SR also increased the blood kinetic energy and the viscous dissipation due to the presence of multiple vortices. Particle tracking showed a dramatic decrease in the percentage of blood remaining in the LA for longer than one cycle after CA (65.9 vs. 43.3% in patient A and 62.2 vs. 54.8% in patient B). Maximum temperatures of 76° and 58°C were observed when CA was performed near the appendage and in a pulmonary vein, respectively. Conclusion: This computational study presents novel models to elucidate relations between catheter temperature, patient-specific atrial anatomy and blood velocity, and predict how they change from SR to AF. The models can quantify blood flow in critical regions, including residence times and temperature distribution for different catheter positions, providing a basis for quantifying stroke risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desmond Dillon-Murphy
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David Marlevi
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bram Ruijsink
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmed Qureshi
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Henry Chubb
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Eric Kerfoot
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark O'Neill
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David Nordsletten
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Oleg Aslanidi
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Adelaide de Vecchi
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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20
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Bauman G, Pusterla O, Bieri O. Functional lung imaging with transient spoiled gradient echo. Magn Reson Med 2018; 81:1915-1923. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Bauman
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology University of Basel Hospital Basel Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - Orso Pusterla
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology University of Basel Hospital Basel Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - Oliver Bieri
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology University of Basel Hospital Basel Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Basel Basel Switzerland
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21
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Nyilas S, Bauman G, Pusterla O, Ramsey K, Singer F, Stranzinger E, Yammine S, Casaulta C, Bieri O, Latzin P. Ventilation and perfusion assessed by functional MRI in children with CF: reproducibility in comparison to lung function. J Cyst Fibros 2018; 18:543-550. [PMID: 30348613 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic lung diseases such as cystic fibrosis (CF) can be monitored by imaging and lung function modalities. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques such as matrix pencil (MP) decomposition allows for evaluation of regional impairment of fractional ventilation (RFV) and relative perfusion (RQ). However, reproducibility of MP MRI outcomes in children with CF is unknown. We examined short-term variability of ventilation and perfusion impairment from MP MRI and compared this to lung function outcomes. METHOD Twenty-threeCF and 12 healthy school-aged children underwent MRI and lung function tests on the same day on two occasions 24 h apart. Global ventilation inhomogeneity was assessed by the lung clearance index (LCI) from nitrogen-multiple breath washout (N2-MBW) technique. Intra-class-coefficient (ICC), percentage change, and Bland-Altman limits of agreement were evaluated to assess reproducibility. RESULTS Sixty-nine measurements from MP MRI and N2-MBW were performed. The ICC between two visits for RFV, RQ and LCI ranged between 0.60 and 0.90 in individuals with CF and healthy controls. In individuals with CF, percentage of change between the visits was 0.02% for RFV, -1.11% for RQ and 2.91% for LCI and limits of agreement between visits were - 4.3% and 3.9% for RFV, -4.4% and 3.7% for RQ, and -2.6 and 3.0 for LCI. CONCLUSIONS Functional imaging is reproducible and short-term changes in RFV and RQ greater than ±4.4% can be considered clinical meaningful. Very good short-term reproducibility, and easy application without the need for breathing maneuvers or contrast agent, makes MP MRI a promising surveillance method for CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Nyilas
- Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Grzegorz Bauman
- Department of Radiology, Division of Radiological Physics, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Orso Pusterla
- Department of Radiology, Division of Radiological Physics, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kathryn Ramsey
- Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Florian Singer
- Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Enno Stranzinger
- Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Yammine
- Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Carmen Casaulta
- Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Bieri
- Department of Radiology, Division of Radiological Physics, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Latzin
- Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland.
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22
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Straub S, Emmerich J, Schlemmer HP, Maier-Hein KH, Ladd ME, Röthke MC, Bonekamp D, Laun FB. Mask-Adapted Background Field Removal for Artifact Reduction in Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping of the Prostate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 3:96-100. [PMID: 30042974 PMCID: PMC6024456 DOI: 10.18383/j.tom.2017.00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
We propose an alternative processing method for quantitative susceptibility mapping of the prostate that reduces artifacts and enables better visibility and quantification of calcifications and other lesions. Three-dimensional gradient-echo magnetic resonance data were obtained from 26 patients at 3 T who previously received a planning computed tomography of the prostate. Phase images were unwrapped using Laplacian-based phase unwrapping. The background field was removed with the V-SHARP method using tissue masks for the entire abdomen (Method 1) and masks that excluded bone and the rectum (Method 2). Susceptibility maps were calculated with the iLSQR method. The quality of susceptibility maps was assessed by one radiologist and two physicists who rated the data for visibility of lesions and data quality on a scale from 1 (poor) to 4 (good). The readers rated susceptibility maps computed with Method 2 to be, on average, better for visibility of lesions with a score of 2.9 ± 1.1 and image quality with a score of 2.8 ± 0.8 compared with maps computed with Method 1 (2.4 ± 1.2/2.3 ± 1.0). Regarding strong artifacts, these could be removed using adapted masks, and the susceptibility values seemed less biased by the artifacts. Thus, using an adapted mask for background field removal when calculating susceptibility maps of the prostate from phase data reduces artifacts and improves visibility of lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Straub
- Department of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julian Emmerich
- Department of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Klaus H Maier-Hein
- Junior Group Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; and
| | - Mark E Ladd
- Department of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias C Röthke
- Department of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Bonekamp
- Department of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frederik B Laun
- Department of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
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23
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Nickel F, Kenngott HG, Neuhaus J, Andrews N, Garrow C, Kast J, Sommer CM, Gehrig T, Gutt CN, Meinzer HP, Müller-Stich BP. Computer tomographic analysis of organ motion caused by respiration and intraoperative pneumoperitoneum in a porcine model for navigated minimally invasive esophagectomy. Surg Endosc 2018; 32:4216-4227. [DOI: 10.1007/s00464-018-6168-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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24
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Neher PF, Reicht I, van Bruggen T, Goch C, Reisert M, Nolden M, Zelzer S, Meinzer HP, Stieltjes B, Fritzsche KH. MITK Diffusion Imaging. Methods Inf Med 2018; 51:441-8. [DOI: 10.3414/me11-02-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2011] [Accepted: 03/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
SummaryBackground: Diffusion-MRI provides a unique window on brain anatomy and insights into aspects of tissue structure in living humans that could not be studied previously. There is a major effort in this rapidly evolving field of research to develop the algorithmic tools necessary to cope with the complexity of the datasets.Objectives: This work illustrates our strategy that encompasses the development of a modularized and open software tool for data processing, visualization and interactive exploration in diffusion imaging research and aims at reinforcing sustainable evaluation and progress in the field.Methods: In this paper, the usability and capabilities of a new application and toolkit component of the Medical Imaging and Interaction Toolkit (MITK, www.mitk.org), MITKDI, are demonstrated using in-vivo datasets.Results: MITK-DI provides a comprehensive software framework for high-performance data processing, analysis and interactive data exploration, which is designed in a modular, extensible fashion (using CTK) and in adherence to widely accepted coding standards (e.g. ITK, VTK). MITK-DI is available both as an open source software development toolkit and as a ready-to-use in stallable application.Conclusions: The open source release of the modular MITK-DI tools will increase verifiability and comparability within the research community and will also be an important step towards bringing many of the current techniques towards clinical application.
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25
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Bauman G, Pusterla O, Santini F, Bieri O. Dynamic and steady-state oxygen-dependent lung relaxometry using inversion recovery ultra-fast steady-state free precession imaging at 1.5 T. Magn Reson Med 2017; 79:839-845. [PMID: 28520198 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To demonstrate the feasibility of oxygen-dependent relaxometry in human lung using an inversion recovery ultra-fast steady-state free precession (IR-ufSSFP) technique. METHODS Electrocardiogram-triggered pulmonary relaxometry with IR-ufSSFP was performed in 7 healthy human subjects at 1.5 T. The data were acquired under both normoxic and hyperoxic conditions. In a single breath-hold of less than 9 seconds, 30 transient state IR-ufSSFP images were acquired, yielding longitudinal (T1) and transversal (T2) relaxometry parameter maps using voxel-wise nonlinear fitting. Possible spatial misalignments between consecutive IR-ufSSFP parameter maps were corrected using elastic image registration. Furthermore, dynamic relaxometry oxygen wash-in and wash-out scans were performed in one volunteer. From this, T1 -related wash-in and wash-out time constants (τwi , τwo ) were calculated voxel-wise on registered maps using an exponential fitting model. RESULTS For healthy lung, observed T1 values were 1399 ± 77 and 1290 ± 76 ms under normoxic and hyperoxic conditions, respectively. Oxygen-related reduction of T1 was statistically significant in every volunteer. No statistically significant change, however, was observed in T2, with normoxic and hyperoxic T2 values of 55 ± 16 and 56 ± 17 ms, respectively. The observed average τwi was 87.0 ± 28.7 seconds, whereas the average τwo was 73.5 ± 21.6 seconds. CONCLUSION IR-ufSSFP allows fast, steady-state, and dynamic oxygen-dependent relaxometry of the human lung. Magn Reson Med 79:839-845, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Bauman
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.,Deparment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Orso Pusterla
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.,Deparment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Santini
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.,Deparment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Bieri
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.,Deparment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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26
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Postoperative liver volume was accurately predicted by a medical image three dimensional visualization system in hepatectomy for liver cancer. Surg Oncol 2017; 26:188-194. [PMID: 28577725 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death worldwide. The hepatectomy is the most effective and the only potentially curative treatment for patients with resectable neoplasm. Precisely preoperative assessment of remnant liver volume is essential in preventing postoperative liver failure. The aim of our study is to report our experience of using a medical image three dimensional (3D) visualization system (MI-3DVS), which was developed by our team, in assisting hepatectomy for patients with liver cancer. METHODS Between January 2010 and June 2016, 69 patients with liver cancer underwent hepatic resection based on the MI-3DVS were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent CT scan 5 days before the surgery and within 5 days after resection. CT images were reconstructed with the MI-3DVS to assist to perform hepatectomy. Simple linear regression, intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman analysis were used to evaluate the relationship and agreement between actual excisional liver volume (AELV) and predicted excisional liver volume (PELV). RESULTS Among 69 patients in this study, 62(89.85%) of them were diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma by histopathologic examination, and 41(59.42%) underwent major hepatectomy. The average AELV was 330.13 cm3 and the average PELV was 287.67 cm3. The simple regression equation is AELV = 1.016 × PELV+30.39(r = 0.966; p < 0.0003). PELV (ICC = 0.964) achieved an excellent agreement with AELV with statistical significance (p < 0.001). 65 of 69 dots are in the range of 95% confidence interval in Bland-Altman analyses. CONCLUSIONS The MI-3DVS has advantages of simple usage and convenient hold. It is accurate in assessment of postoperative liver volume and improve safety in liver resection.
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27
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A Fast Semi-Automatic Segmentation Tool for Processing Brain Tumor Images. TOWARDS INTEGRATIVE MACHINE LEARNING AND KNOWLEDGE EXTRACTION 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-69775-8_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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28
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Cai W, He B, Fan Y, Fang C, Jia F. Comparison of liver volumetry on contrast-enhanced CT images: one semiautomatic and two automatic approaches. J Appl Clin Med Phys 2016; 17:118-127. [PMID: 27929487 PMCID: PMC5690519 DOI: 10.1120/jacmp.v17i6.6485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was to evaluate the accuracy, consistency, and efficiency of three liver volumetry methods- one interactive method, an in-house-developed 3D medical Image Analysis (3DMIA) system, one automatic active shape model (ASM)-based segmentation, and one automatic probabilistic atlas (PA)-guided segmentation method on clinical contrast-enhanced CT images. Forty-two datasets, including 27 normal liver and 15 space-occupying liver lesion patients, were retrospectively included in this study. The three methods - one semiautomatic 3DMIA, one automatic ASM-based, and one automatic PA-based liver volumetry - achieved an accuracy with VD (volume difference) of -1.69%, -2.75%, and 3.06% in the normal group, respectively, and with VD of -3.20%, -3.35%, and 4.14% in the space-occupying lesion group, respectively. However, the three methods achieved an efficiency of 27.63 mins, 1.26 mins, 1.18 mins on average, respectively, compared with the manual volumetry, which took 43.98 mins. The high intraclass correlation coefficient between the three methods and the manual method indicated an excel-lent agreement on liver volumetry. Significant differences in segmentation time were observed between the three methods (3DMIA, ASM, and PA) and the manual volumetry (p < 0.001), as well as between the automatic volumetries (ASM and PA) and the semiautomatic volumetry (3DMIA) (p < 0.001). The semiautomatic interactive 3DMIA, automatic ASM-based, and automatic PA-based liver volum-etry agreed well with manual gold standard in both the normal liver group and the space-occupying lesion group. The ASM- and PA-based automatic segmentation have better efficiency in clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery (I)Zhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Research Lab for Medical Imaging and Digital SurgeryShenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Baochun He
- Research Lab for Medical Imaging and Digital SurgeryShenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Yingfang Fan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery (I)Zhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Chihua Fang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery (I)Zhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Fucang Jia
- Research Lab for Medical Imaging and Digital SurgeryShenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdongChina
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Pusterla O, Bauman G, Wielpütz MO, Nyilas S, Latzin P, Heussel CP, Bieri O. Rapid 3D in vivo 1H human lung respiratory imaging at 1.5 T using ultra-fast balanced steady-state free precession. Magn Reson Med 2016; 78:1059-1069. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Orso Pusterla
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology; University of Basel Hospital; Basel Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; University of Basel; Basel Switzerland
| | - Grzegorz Bauman
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology; University of Basel Hospital; Basel Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; University of Basel; Basel Switzerland
| | - Mark O. Wielpütz
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology with Nuclear Medicine; Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology; University Hospital of Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL); Heidelberg Germany
| | - Sylvia Nyilas
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics; University Children's Hospital of Bern; Bern Switzerland
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology; University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB); Basel Switzerland
| | - Philipp Latzin
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics; University Children's Hospital of Bern; Bern Switzerland
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology; University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB); Basel Switzerland
| | - Claus P. Heussel
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology with Nuclear Medicine; Thoraxklinik at University Hospital Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology; University Hospital of Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL); Heidelberg Germany
| | - Oliver Bieri
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology; University of Basel Hospital; Basel Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; University of Basel; Basel Switzerland
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30
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Bauman G, Santini F, Pusterla O, Bieri O. Pulmonary relaxometry with inversion recovery ultra-fast steady-state free precession at 1.5T. Magn Reson Med 2016; 77:74-82. [PMID: 27759935 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To present a technique for simultaneous mapping of T1 , T2 , and relative spin density (M0 ) in human lung using inversion recovery ultra-fast steady-state free precession (IR-ufSSFP) imaging. METHODS Pulmonary relaxometry with IR-ufSSFP is based on an interleaved time series acquisition of 2D images acquired at 1.5T. The technique was tested in a phantom and in four healthy volunteers using breath-hold and electrocardiogram triggering. Typically, 30 transient state images were acquired in a single breath-hold within < 10 s. From the signal time course, voxel-wise nonlinear fitting yielded T1 , T2 , and M0 parameter maps. Furthermore, off-resonance and B1 effects were investigated in a phantom. RESULTS In the phantom, the observed T1 of 829 ± 2 ms and T2 of 105 ± 4 ms were in agreement with the reference T1 of 858 ± 1 ms and T2 of 104 ± 1 ms using spin echo methods. In volunteers, the average T1 of 1375 ± 102 ms and T2 of 66 ± 26 ms of lung tissue were in good agreement with the literature and were observed to be independent of the respiratory phase. Overall, high reproducibility was shown in a volunteer, yielding coefficient of variations of 0.03 for M0 , 0.004 for T1 , and 0.04 for T2 measurements. CONCLUSION IR-ufSSFP allows for fast and simultaneous quantitative mapping of the human lung. Magn Reson Med 77:74-82, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Bauman
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.,Deparment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Santini
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.,Deparment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Orso Pusterla
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.,Deparment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Bieri
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.,Deparment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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31
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Straub S, Schneider TM, Emmerich J, Freitag MT, Ziener CH, Schlemmer HP, Ladd ME, Laun FB. Suitable reference tissues for quantitative susceptibility mapping of the brain. Magn Reson Med 2016; 78:204-214. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sina Straub
- Department of Medical Physics in Radiology; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Heidelberg Germany
| | - Till M. Schneider
- Department of Neuroradiology; University of Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
- Department of Radiology; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Heidelberg Germany
| | - Julian Emmerich
- Department of Medical Physics in Radiology; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Heidelberg Germany
| | - Martin T. Freitag
- Department of Radiology; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Heidelberg Germany
| | - Christian H. Ziener
- Department of Radiology; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Heidelberg Germany
| | | | - Mark E. Ladd
- Department of Medical Physics in Radiology; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Heidelberg Germany
| | - Frederik B. Laun
- Department of Medical Physics in Radiology; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Heidelberg Germany
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32
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Anas EMA, Rasoulian A, Seitel A, Darras K, Wilson D, John PS, Pichora D, Mousavi P, Rohling R, Abolmaesumi P. Automatic Segmentation of Wrist Bones in CT Using a Statistical Wrist Shape + Pose Model. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING 2016; 35:1789-1801. [PMID: 26890640 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2016.2529500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Segmentation of the wrist bones in CT images has been frequently used in different clinical applications including arthritis evaluation, bone age assessment and image-guided interventions. The major challenges include non-uniformity and spongy textures of the bone tissue as well as narrow inter-bone spaces. In this work, we propose an automatic wrist bone segmentation technique for CT images based on a statistical model that captures the shape and pose variations of the wrist joint across 60 example wrists at nine different wrist positions. To establish the correspondences across the training shapes at neutral positions, the wrist bone surfaces are jointly aligned using a group-wise registration framework based on a Gaussian Mixture Model. Principal component analysis is then used to determine the major modes of shape variations. The variations in poses not only across the population but also across different wrist positions are incorporated in two pose models. An intra-subject pose model is developed by utilizing the similarity transforms at all wrist positions across the population. Further, an inter-subject pose model is used to model the pose variations across different wrist positions. For segmentation of the wrist bones in CT images, the developed model is registered to the edge point cloud extracted from the CT volume through an expectation maximization based probabilistic approach. Residual registration errors are corrected by application of a non-rigid registration technique. We validate the proposed segmentation method by registering the wrist model to a total of 66 unseen CT volumes of average voxel size of 0.38 mm. We report a mean surface distance error of 0.33 mm and a mean Jaccard index of 0.86.
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Straub S, Laun FB, Emmerich J, Jobke B, Hauswald H, Katayama S, Herfarth K, Schlemmer HP, Ladd ME, Ziener CH, Bonekamp D, Röthke MC. Potential of quantitative susceptibility mapping for detection of prostatic calcifications. J Magn Reson Imaging 2016; 45:889-898. [PMID: 27418017 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.25385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate whether quantitative susceptibility (QSM) may be used as an alternative to computed tomography (CT) to detect calcification in prostate cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Susceptibility map calculation was performed using 3D gradient echo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from 26 patients measured at 3T who previously received a planning CT of the prostate. Phase images were unwrapped using Laplacian-based phase unwrapping, the background field was removed with the V-SHARP method, and susceptibility maps were calculated with the iLSQR method. Two blinded readers were asked to identify peri- and intraprostatic calcifications. RESULTS Average mean and minimum susceptibility values (referenced to iliopsoas muscle) of calcifications were -0.249 ± 0.179 ppm and -0.551 ± 0.323 ppm, and average mean and maximum intensities in CT images were 319 ± 164 HU and 679 ± 392 HU. Twenty-one and 17 out of 22 prostatic calcifications were identified using susceptibility maps and magnitude images, respectively, as well as more than half of periprostatic phleboliths depicted by CT. Calcifications in the prostate and its periphery were quantitatively differentiable from noncalcified prostate tissue in CT (mean values for calcifications / for noncalcified tissue: 71 to 649 / -1 to 83 HU) and in QSM (mean values for calcifications / for noncalcified tissue: -0.641 to 0.063 / -0.046 to 0.181 ppm). Moreover, there was a significant correlation between susceptibility values and CT image intensities for calcifications (P < 0.004). CONCLUSION Prostatic calcifications could be well identified with QSM. Susceptibility maps can be easily obtained from clinical prostate MR protocols that include a 3D gradient echo sequence, rendering it a promising technique for detection and quantification of intraprostatic calcifications. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 1 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017;45:889-898.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Straub
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Department of Medical Physics in Radiology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frederik B Laun
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Department of Medical Physics in Radiology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julian Emmerich
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Department of Medical Physics in Radiology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Björn Jobke
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Department of Radiology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Henrik Hauswald
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Clinical Cooperation Unit Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg University Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sonja Katayama
- Heidelberg University Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus Herfarth
- Heidelberg University Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Mark E Ladd
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Department of Medical Physics in Radiology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian H Ziener
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Department of Radiology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Bonekamp
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Department of Radiology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias C Röthke
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Department of Radiology, Heidelberg, Germany
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34
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Neumann JO, Giese H, Nagel AM, Biller A, Unterberg A, Meinzer HP. MR Angiography at 7T to Visualize Cerebrovascular Territories. J Neuroimaging 2016; 26:519-24. [PMID: 27074967 DOI: 10.1111/jon.12348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is considerable amount of interindividual variability in the size and location of the vascular territories of the major brain arteries. More data are needed to assess the amount of variability and the possible implications for further research and patient care. Arterial spin labeling (ASL) magnetic resonance imaging has been applied in various forms to facilitate noninvasive imaging of cerebrovascular flow territories, but it requires the definition of the flow territory of interest prior to image acquisition. OBJECTIVE Assessing the vascular territories of the major brain territories by using ultra-high-field time-of-flight (TOF) magnetic resonance angiography. METHODS We have developed an alternative method to ASL by simulating cerebrovascular dye injections. Following bias field normalization and segmentation of the vessels from 7 Tesla TOF imaging, a virtual model of the arterial vessel tree was generated and a simulation of dye dispersion into the brain tissue was performed. RESULTS The results provided by our method are consistent with the data obtained by autoptic dye injection studies in 23 human beings by van der Zwan in 1993. CONCLUSION Further technical improvements in imaging and segmentation techniques will improve the accuracy of the method and will facilitate the delineation of flow territories after image acquisition on even smaller subtrees of the cerebral vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Oliver Neumann
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Henrik Giese
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Armin M Nagel
- Department of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Armin Biller
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Unterberg
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Meinzer
- Division Medical and Biological Informatics, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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Anas EMA, Seitel A, Rasoulian A, John PS, Ungi T, Lasso A, Darras K, Wilson D, Lessoway VA, Fichtinger G, Zec M, Pichora D, Mousavi P, Rohling R, Abolmaesumi P. Registration of a statistical model to intraoperative ultrasound for scaphoid screw fixation. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2016; 11:957-65. [PMID: 26984552 DOI: 10.1007/s11548-016-1370-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Volar percutaneous scaphoid fracture fixation is conventionally performed under fluoroscopy-based guidance, where surgeons need to mentally determine a trajectory for the insertion of the screw and its depth based on a series of 2D projection images. In addition to challenges associated with mapping 2D information to a 3D space, the process involves exposure to ionizing radiation. Three-dimensional ultrasound has been suggested as an alternative imaging tool for this procedure; however, it has not yet been integrated into clinical routine since ultrasound only provides a limited view of the scaphoid and its surrounding anatomy. METHODS We propose a registration of a statistical wrist shape + scale + pose model to a preoperative CT and intraoperative ultrasound to derive a patient-specific 3D model for guiding scaphoid fracture fixation. The registered model is then used to determine clinically important intervention parameters, including the screw length and the trajectory of screw insertion in the scaphoid bone. RESULTS Feasibility experiments are performed using 13 cadaver wrists. In 10 out of 13 cases, the trajectory of screw suggested by the registered model meets all clinically important intervention parameters. Overall, an average 94 % of maximum allowable screw length is obtained based on the measurements from gold standard CT. Also, we obtained an average 92 % successful volar accessibility, which indicates that the trajectory is not obstructed by the surrounding trapezium bone. CONCLUSIONS These promising results indicate that determining clinically important screw insertion parameters for scaphoid fracture fixation is feasible using 3D ultrasound imaging. This suggests the potential of this technology in replacing fluoroscopic guidance for this procedure in future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emran Mohammad Abu Anas
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Alexander Seitel
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Abtin Rasoulian
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Tamas Ungi
- School of Computing, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Andras Lasso
- School of Computing, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | | | - David Wilson
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Orthopaedics and Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Parvin Mousavi
- School of Computing, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Robert Rohling
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Purang Abolmaesumi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Nickel F, Hendrie JD, Bruckner T, Kowalewski KF, Kenngott HG, Müller-Stich BP, Fischer L. Successful learning of surgical liver anatomy in a computer-based teaching module. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2016; 11:2295-2301. [DOI: 10.1007/s11548-016-1354-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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A fluoroscopy-based planning and guidance software tool for minimally invasive hip refixation by cement injection. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2015; 11:281-96. [PMID: 26259554 PMCID: PMC4748013 DOI: 10.1007/s11548-015-1252-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Purpose In orthopaedics, minimally invasive injection of bone cement is an established technique. We present HipRFX, a software tool for planning and guiding a cement injection procedure for stabilizing a loosening hip prosthesis. HipRFX works by analysing a pre-operative CT and intraoperative C-arm fluoroscopic images. Methods HipRFX simulates the intraoperative fluoroscopic views that a surgeon would see on a display panel. Structures are rendered by modelling their X-ray attenuation. These are then compared to actual fluoroscopic images which allow cement volumes to be estimated. Five human cadaver legs were used to validate the software in conjunction with real percutaneous cement injection into artificially created periprothetic lesions. Results Based on intraoperatively obtained fluoroscopic images, our software was able to estimate the cement volume that reached the pre-operatively planned targets. The actual median target lesion volume was 3.58 ml (range 3.17–4.64 ml). The median error in computed cement filling, as a percentage of target volume, was 5.3 % (range 2.2–14.8 %). Cement filling was between 17.6 and 55.4 % (median 51.8 %). Conclusions As a proof of concept, HipRFX was capable of simulating intraoperative fluoroscopic C-arm images. Furthermore, it provided estimates of the fraction of injected cement deposited at its intended target location, as opposed to cement that leaked away. This level of knowledge is usually unavailable to the surgeon viewing a fluoroscopic image and may aid in evaluating the success of a percutaneous cement injection intervention.
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Towards markerless navigation for percutaneous needle insertions. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2015; 11:107-17. [PMID: 26018847 DOI: 10.1007/s11548-015-1156-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Percutaneous needle insertions are increasingly used for diagnosis and treatment of abdominal lesions. The challenging part of computed tomography (CT)-guided punctures is the transfer of the insertion trajectory planned in the CT image to the patient. Conventionally, this often results in several needle repositionings and control CT scans. To address this issue, several navigation systems for percutaneous needle insertions have been presented; however, none of them has thus far become widely accepted in clinical routine. Their benefit for the patient could not exceed the additional higher costs and the increased complexity in terms of bulky tracking systems and specialized markers for registration and tracking. METHODS We present the first markerless and trackerless navigation concept for real-time patient localization and instrument guidance. It has specifically been designed to be integrated smoothly into the clinical workflow and does not require markers or an external tracking system. The main idea is the utilization of a range imaging device that allows for contactless and radiation-free acquisition of both range and color information used for patient localization and instrument guidance. RESULTS A first feasibility study in phantom and porcine models yielded a median targeting accuracy of 6.9 and 19.4 mm, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Although system performance remains to be improved for clinical use, expected advances in camera technology as well as consideration of respiratory motion and automation of the individual steps will make this approach an interesting alternative for guiding percutaneous needle insertions.
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Bauman G, Pusterla O, Bieri O. Ultra-fast Steady-State Free Precession Pulse Sequence for Fourier Decomposition Pulmonary MRI. Magn Reson Med 2015; 75:1647-53. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Revised: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Bauman
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology; University of Basel Hospital; Basel Switzerland
| | - Orso Pusterla
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology; University of Basel Hospital; Basel Switzerland
| | - Oliver Bieri
- Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology; University of Basel Hospital; Basel Switzerland
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Abu Anas EM, Seitel A, Rasoulian A, St John P, Pichora D, Darras K, Wilson D, Lessoway VA, Hacihaliloglu I, Mousavi P, Rohling R, Abolmaesumi P. Bone enhancement in ultrasound using local spectrum variations for guiding percutaneous scaphoid fracture fixation procedures. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2015; 10:959-69. [PMID: 25847667 DOI: 10.1007/s11548-015-1181-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The scaphoid bone is the most frequently fractured bone in the wrist. When fracture fixation is indicated, a screw is inserted into the bone either in an open surgical procedure or percutaneously under fluoroscopic guidance. Due to the complex geometry of the wrist, fracture fixation is a challenging task. Fluoroscopic guidance exposes both the patient and the physician to ionizing radiation. Ultrasound-based guidance has been suggested as a real-time, radiation-free alternative. The main challenge of using ultrasound is the difficulty in interpreting the images due to the low contrast and noisy nature of the data. METHODS We propose a bone enhancement method that exploits local spectrum features of the ultrasound image. These features are utilized to design a set of quadrature band-pass filters and subsequently estimate the local phase symmetry, where high symmetry is expected at the bone locations. We incorporate the shadow information below the bone surfaces to further enhance the bone responses. The extracted bone surfaces are then used to register a statistical wrist model to ultrasound volumes, allowing the localization and interpretation of the scaphoid bone in the volumes. RESULTS Feasibility experiments were performed using phantom and in vivo data. For phantoms, we obtain a surface distance error 1.08 mm and an angular deviation from the main axis of the scaphoid bone smaller than 5°, which are better compared to previously presented approaches. CONCLUSION The results are promising for further development of a surgical guidance system to enable accurate anatomy localization for guiding percutaneous scaphoid fracture fixations.
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Ganten MK, Schuessler M, Bruckner T, Ganten TM, Koschny R. Pancreatic Atrophy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Receiving Long-Term Treatment with Sorafenib. Oncology 2015; 89:88-94. [PMID: 25871578 DOI: 10.1159/000377681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To date, sorafenib is the only approved systemic therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Pancreatic atrophy has recently been reported in 2 patients as a novel side effect after long-term sorafenib treatment. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed clinical and radiological data of patients with advanced HCC with long-term treatment of sorafenib (median 279 days, range 153-826 days). Pancreata were semi-manually segmented section by section to calculate the pancreas volumes before and under sorafenib treatment. RESULTS Sorafenib reduced pancreatic volume in 18/19 (95%) HCC patients with a mean pancreatic volume loss of 25% (p = 0.002). Pancreatic volume loss depended on the dose (r = 0.36) and exposure time of sorafenib (r = 0.35) and was detectable as early as after 3 months of sorafenib treatment and already after a cumulative sorafenib dose of <100 g. Median overall survival was 13.2 months (range 7.8-31.3 months) but did not correlate with sorafenib-induced pancreatic volume reduction (hazard ratio 1.002, 95% confidence interval 0.981-1.060, p = 0.24). CONCLUSION We could confirm pancreatic atrophy as a novel adverse event of sorafenib therapy in HCC patients, correlating with sorafenib dose and exposure time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Katharina Ganten
- Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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Martin AG, Abdullah JY, Jaafar A, Ghani ARI, Rajion ZA, Abdullah JM. Addition of zygomatic arch resection in decompressive craniectomy. J Clin Neurosci 2015; 22:735-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2014.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Clarkson MJ, Zombori G, Thompson S, Totz J, Song Y, Espak M, Johnsen S, Hawkes D, Ourselin S. The NifTK software platform for image-guided interventions: platform overview and NiftyLink messaging. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2014; 10:301-16. [PMID: 25408304 PMCID: PMC4338364 DOI: 10.1007/s11548-014-1124-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To perform research in image-guided interventions, researchers need a wide variety of software components, and assembling these components into a flexible and reliable system can be a challenging task. In this paper, the NifTK software platform is presented. A key focus has been high-performance streaming of stereo laparoscopic video data, ultrasound data and tracking data simultaneously. METHODS A new messaging library called NiftyLink is introduced that uses the OpenIGTLink protocol and provides the user with easy-to-use asynchronous two-way messaging, high reliability and comprehensive error reporting. A small suite of applications called NiftyGuide has been developed, containing lightweight applications for grabbing data, currently from position trackers and ultrasound scanners. These applications use NiftyLink to stream data into NiftyIGI, which is a workstation-based application, built on top of MITK, for visualisation and user interaction. Design decisions, performance characteristics and initial applications are described in detail. NiftyLink was tested for latency when transmitting images, tracking data, and interleaved imaging and tracking data. RESULTS NiftyLink can transmit tracking data at 1,024 frames per second (fps) with latency of 0.31 milliseconds, and 512 KB images with latency of 6.06 milliseconds at 32 fps. NiftyIGI was tested, receiving stereo high-definition laparoscopic video at 30 fps, tracking data from 4 rigid bodies at 20-30 fps and ultrasound data at 20 fps with rendering refresh rates between 2 and 20 Hz with no loss of user interaction. CONCLUSION These packages form part of the NifTK platform and have proven to be successful in a variety of image-guided surgery projects. Code and documentation for the NifTK platform are available from http://www.niftk.org . NiftyLink is provided open-source under a BSD license and available from http://github.com/NifTK/NiftyLink . The code for this paper is tagged IJCARS-2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Clarkson
- Centre For Medical Image Computing, University College London, Engineering Front Building, Malet Place, London, UK,
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Malan DF, Valstar ER, Nelissen RGHH. Percutaneous bone cement refixation of aseptically loose hip prostheses: the effect of interface tissue removal on injected cement volumes. Skeletal Radiol 2014; 43:1537-42. [PMID: 24906460 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-014-1924-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To quantify whether injected cement volumes differed between two groups of patients who underwent experimental minimally invasive percutaneous cement injection procedures to stabilize aseptically loose hip prostheses. One patient group was preoperatively treated using gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy to remove fibrous interface tissue, while the other group received no preoperative treatment. It was hypothesized that cement penetration may have been inhibited by the presence of fibrous interface tissue in periprosthetic lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed 17 patients (14 female, 3 male, ages 72-91, ASA categories 2-4) who were treated at our institution. Osteolytic lesions and injected cement were manually delineated using 3D CT image segmentation, and the deposition of injected cement was quantified. RESULTS Patients who underwent preoperative gene-directed enzyme therapy to remove fibrous tissue exhibited larger injected cement volumes than those who did not. The observed median increase in injected cement volume was 6.8 ml. Higher cement leakage volumes were also observed for this group. CONCLUSION We conclude that prior removal of periprosthetic fibrous interface tissue may enable better cement flow and penetration. This might lead to better refixation of aseptically loosened prostheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniël F Malan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Leiden University Medical Center, J11-R, Albinusdreef 2, 2333ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands,
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de Vecchi A, Gomez A, Pushparajah K, Schaeffter T, Nordsletten DA, Simpson JM, Penney GP, Smith NP. Towards a fast and efficient approach for modelling the patient-specific ventricular haemodynamics. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2014; 116:3-10. [PMID: 25157924 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2014.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Computer modelling of the heart has emerged over the past decade as a powerful technique to explore the cardiovascular pathophysiology and inform clinical diagnosis. The current state-of-the-art in biophysical modelling requires a wealth of, potentially invasive, clinical data for the parametrisation and validation of the models, a process that is still too long and complex to be compatible with the clinical decision-making time. Therefore, there remains a need for models that can be quickly customised to reconstruct physical processes difficult to measure directly in patients. In this paper, we propose a less resource-intensive approach to modelling, whereby computational fluid-dynamics (CFD) models are constrained exclusively by boundary motion derived from imaging data through a validated wall tracking algorithm. These models are generated and parametrised based solely on ultrasound data, whose acquisition is fast, inexpensive and routine in all patients. To maximise the time and computational efficiency, a semi-automated pipeline is embedded in an image processing workflow to personalise the models. Applying this approach to two patient cases, we demonstrate this tool can be directly used in the clinic to interpret and complement the available clinical data by providing a quantitative indication of clinical markers that cannot be easily derived from imaging, such as pressure gradients and the flow energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A de Vecchi
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - A Gomez
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - K Pushparajah
- Evelina London Children's Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - T Schaeffter
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - D A Nordsletten
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - J M Simpson
- Evelina London Children's Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - G P Penney
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - N P Smith
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK.
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Bauman G, Puderbach M, Heimann T, Kopp-Schneider A, Fritzsching E, Mall MA, Eichinger M. Validation of Fourier decomposition MRI with dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI using visual and automated scoring of pulmonary perfusion in young cystic fibrosis patients. Eur J Radiol 2013; 82:2371-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2013.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2013] [Revised: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Chen W, Zhou J, Xiong W, Huang W, Oo T, Venkatesh SK. Planning of hepatectomy for tumor resection: resection surface construction and optimization. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2013; 2013:1286-9. [PMID: 24109930 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2013.6609743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
An interactive liver surgery planning system has been developed to construct and optimize the resection plan. With this system, the segmentation results of the liver and its components (such as tumors and vessels) are comprehensively visualized for surgeons to have an intuitive understanding of the internal anatomical structure of the liver. This system will also allow surgeons to interactively create and modify a resection plan on the virtual liver model. The resection surface, whose boundary is a closed curve, will be automatically constructed with the safe resection margins of tumors. Different from other systems, our developed system is able to generate the safety margins to all tumors. During surgery, a larger resection surface may cause potentially more bleeding and other complications. Therefore, area minimization is applied during the resection surface construction by adopting the minimal area mesh, which is a smooth surface with minimal area. After these virtual modifications, the resultant resection surface indicates the route to cut the liver for tumor removal. The volumes for both resected liver and residual liver are calculated for clinical decision making.
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Müller-Stich BP, Löb N, Wald D, Bruckner T, Meinzer HP, Kadmon M, Büchler MW, Fischer L. Regular three-dimensional presentations improve in the identification of surgical liver anatomy - a randomized study. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2013; 13:131. [PMID: 24066729 PMCID: PMC3848999 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6920-13-131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Three-dimensional (3D) presentations enhance the understanding of complex anatomical structures. However, it has been shown that two dimensional (2D) "key views" of anatomical structures may suffice in order to improve spatial understanding. The impact of real 3D images (3Dr) visible only with 3D glasses has not been examined yet. Contrary to 3Dr, regular 3D images apply techniques such as shadows and different grades of transparency to create the impression of 3D.This randomized study aimed to define the impact of both the addition of key views to CT images (2D+) and the use of 3Dr on the identification of liver anatomy in comparison with regular 3D presentations (3D). METHODS A computer-based teaching module (TM) was used. Medical students were randomized to three groups (2D+ or 3Dr or 3D) and asked to answer 11 anatomical questions and 4 evaluative questions. Both 3D groups had animated models of the human liver available to them which could be moved in all directions. RESULTS 156 medical students (57.7% female) participated in this randomized trial. Students exposed to 3Dr and 3D performed significantly better than those exposed to 2D+ (p < 0.01, ANOVA). There were no significant differences between 3D and 3Dr and no significant gender differences (p > 0.1, t-test). Students randomized to 3D and 3Dr not only had significantly better results, but they also were significantly faster in answering the 11 anatomical questions when compared to students randomized to 2D+ (p < 0.03, ANOVA). Whether or not "key views" were used had no significant impact on the number of correct answers (p > 0.3, t-test). CONCLUSION This randomized trial confirms that regular 3D visualization improve the identification of liver anatomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beat P Müller-Stich
- Department of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, INF 110, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Nicole Löb
- Department of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, INF 110, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Diana Wald
- Division of Medical and Biological Informatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), INF 305, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Thomas Bruckner
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Informatics, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Meinzer
- Division of Medical and Biological Informatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), INF 305, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Martina Kadmon
- Department of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, INF 110, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Markus W Büchler
- Department of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, INF 110, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Lars Fischer
- Department of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, INF 110, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
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Uneri A, Nithiananthan S, Schafer S, Otake Y, Stayman JW, Kleinszig G, Sussman MS, Prince JL, Siewerdsen JH. Deformable registration of the inflated and deflated lung in cone-beam CT-guided thoracic surgery: initial investigation of a combined model- and image-driven approach. Med Phys 2013; 40:017501. [PMID: 23298134 DOI: 10.1118/1.4767757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Surgical resection is the preferred modality for curative treatment of early stage lung cancer, but localization of small tumors (<10 mm diameter) during surgery presents a major challenge that is likely to increase as more early-stage disease is detected incidentally and in low-dose CT screening. To overcome the difficulty of manual localization (fingers inserted through intercostal ports) and the cost, logistics, and morbidity of preoperative tagging (coil or dye placement under CT-fluoroscopy), the authors propose the use of intraoperative cone-beam CT (CBCT) and deformable image registration to guide targeting of small tumors in video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS). A novel algorithm is reported for registration of the lung from its inflated state (prior to pleural breach) to the deflated state (during resection) to localize surgical targets and adjacent critical anatomy. METHODS The registration approach geometrically resolves images of the inflated and deflated lung using a coarse model-driven stage followed by a finer image-driven stage. The model-driven stage uses image features derived from the lung surfaces and airways: triangular surface meshes are morphed to capture bulk motion; concurrently, the airways generate graph structures from which corresponding nodes are identified. Interpolation of the sparse motion fields computed from the bounding surface and interior airways provides a 3D motion field that coarsely registers the lung and initializes the subsequent image-driven stage. The image-driven stage employs an intensity-corrected, symmetric form of the Demons method. The algorithm was validated over 12 datasets, obtained from porcine specimen experiments emulating CBCT-guided VATS. Geometric accuracy was quantified in terms of target registration error (TRE) in anatomical targets throughout the lung, and normalized cross-correlation. Variations of the algorithm were investigated to study the behavior of the model- and image-driven stages by modifying individual algorithmic steps and examining the effect in comparison to the nominal process. RESULTS The combined model- and image-driven registration process demonstrated accuracy consistent with the requirements of minimally invasive VATS in both target localization (∼3-5 mm within the target wedge) and critical structure avoidance (∼1-2 mm). The model-driven stage initialized the registration to within a median TRE of 1.9 mm (95% confidence interval (CI) maximum = 5.0 mm), while the subsequent image-driven stage yielded higher accuracy localization with 0.6 mm median TRE (95% CI maximum = 4.1 mm). The variations assessing the individual algorithmic steps elucidated the role of each step and in some cases identified opportunities for further simplification and improvement in computational speed. CONCLUSIONS The initial studies show the proposed registration method to successfully register CBCT images of the inflated and deflated lung. Accuracy appears sufficient to localize the target and adjacent critical anatomy within ∼1-2 mm and guide localization under conditions in which the target cannot be discerned directly in CBCT (e.g., subtle, nonsolid tumors). The ability to directly localize tumors in the operating room could provide a valuable addition to the VATS arsenal, obviate the cost, logistics, and morbidity of preoperative tagging, and improve patient safety. Future work includes in vivo testing, optimization of workflow, and integration with a CBCT image guidance system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Uneri
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Delibasis KK, Kechriniotis A, Maglogiannis I. A novel tool for segmenting 3D medical images based on generalized cylinders and active surfaces. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2013; 111:148-165. [PMID: 23608681 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2013.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Revised: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) medical imaging has been incorporated in routine clinical practice, since the required infrastructure has become increasingly affordable. New algorithms and applications are needed to serve the additional image processing and analysis functions in 3D space. In this work we propose a system for semi-automatic modeling and segmentation of elongated salient and anatomical objects in 3D medical images. The proposed methodology is based on a novel mathematical formalization of a well-known class of geometric primitives, namely generalized cylinders (GCs), which exhibits advantages over the existing parametric definition. Since the anatomical objects have to be modeled by their intersection with the transverse image planes, the proposed methodology includes also a new seeded region growing (SRG) segmentation algorithm for ellipse detection in 2D images, based on a priori shape knowledge. Finally, the resulting GC model is used to initialize an active surface (AS) segmentation method, in order to accurately delineate the required object. In this work we present the proposed algorithms in detail, along with the evaluation of the accuracy of the model-based segmentation by experts. Results show that elongated objects like the aorta and the trachea may be segmented with sensitivity between 90% and 95%. The proposed SRG-ellipse detector requires minimal user-initialization and its executions requires only few seconds for each image slice on an average laptop. The evolution of the AS requires less than one second per iteration for a typical CT image. Comparisons are provided with state of the art semi-automatic medical image processing software, which validate the merit of the proposed work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos K Delibasis
- Department of Computer Science & Biomedical Informatics, University of Central Greece, Lamia, Greece.
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