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Zhao B, Luo J, Wang H, Li Y, Li D, Bi X. In vivo RNAi screening identifies multiple deubiquitinases required for the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis in Drosophila. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 172:104162. [PMID: 39067716 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2024.104162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Deubiquitinases (DUBs) are essential for the maintenance of protein homeostasis and assembly of proteins into functional complexes. Despite growing interest in DUBs biological functions, the roles of DUBs in regulating intestinal stem cells (ISCs) and gut homeostasis remain largely unknown. Here, we perform an in vivo RNAi screen through induced knock-down of DUBs expression in adult midgut ISCs and enteroblasts (EBs) to identify DUB regulators of intestinal homeostasis in Drosophila. We screen 43 DUBs and identify 8 DUBs that are required for ISCs homeostasis. Knocking-down of usp1, CG7857, usp5, rpn8, usp10 and csn5 decreases the number of ISCs/EBs, while knocking-down of CG4968 and usp8 increases the number of ISCs/EBs. Moreover, knock-down of usp1, CG4968, CG7857, or rpn8 in ISCs/EBs disrupts the intestinal barrier integrity and shortens the lifespan, indicating the requirement of these DUBs for the maintenance of gut homeostasis. Furthermore, we provide evidences that USP1 mediates ISC lineage differentiation via modulating the Notch signaling activity. Our study identifies, for the first time, the deubiquitinases required for the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis in Drosophila, and provide new insights into the functional links between the DUBs and intestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyu Zhao
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Jing Luo
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Hui Wang
- College of Basic Medical Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Yuanxin Li
- College of Basic Medical Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Dong Li
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
| | - Xiaolin Bi
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
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Su H, Zhang Y, He Z, Yang Y, Ren Y, Cao W, Liu Y, Ren J, Wang Y, Wang G, Gong C, Hou J. Functional analysis of the ube3a response in Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) to CSBV infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 148:109495. [PMID: 38461876 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Ube3a is a member of the E3 ubiquitin ligase HECTc family, and its role has been established in neurodevelopmental disorders. However, studies on its role in Japanese flounder are scarce. Thus, in this study, the ube3a of Japanese flounder was cloned, and its role in conferring resistance against Chinook salmon bafnivirus (CSBV) was analyzed. Japanese flounder ube3a encoded a protein containing 834 amino acids. Interestingly, its homology with the Atlantic halibut was determined to be 94%. In addition, there were differential expressions of ube3a in different tissues of Japanese flounder, with the highest expression level observed in the fin, followed by the gills and skin (P ≤ 0.05). Subcellular localization analysis revealed that Ube3a is a cytoplasmic protein. We established an in vitro CSBV infection model using Japanese flounder gill cell line (FG). After ube3a overexpression, the viral load was significantly lower than that of the control group (P ≤ 0.05). Contrastingly, after incubation of FG cells with an E3 ubiquitin ligase inhibitor, the viral load was significantly higher than in the control group (P ≤ 0.01). Then, the expression levels of nf-κb, traf3, and tnf-α after incubation with an E3 ubiquitin ligase inhibitor were examined. The results demonstrated that ube3a may exerted a significant antiviral effect in Japanese flounder via the ubiquitination pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaxing Su
- Hebei Key Laboratory of the Bohai Sea Fish Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization, Beidaihe Central Experiment Station, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qinhuangdao, 066100, China; Ocean College, Hebei Agricultural University, Qinhuangdao, 066009, China; Bohai Sea Fishery Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qinhuangdao, 066100, China
| | - Yitong Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of the Bohai Sea Fish Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization, Beidaihe Central Experiment Station, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qinhuangdao, 066100, China; Bohai Sea Fishery Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qinhuangdao, 066100, China
| | - Zhongwei He
- Hebei Key Laboratory of the Bohai Sea Fish Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization, Beidaihe Central Experiment Station, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qinhuangdao, 066100, China; Bohai Sea Fishery Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qinhuangdao, 066100, China
| | - Yucong Yang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of the Bohai Sea Fish Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization, Beidaihe Central Experiment Station, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qinhuangdao, 066100, China; Bohai Sea Fishery Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qinhuangdao, 066100, China
| | - Yuqin Ren
- Hebei Key Laboratory of the Bohai Sea Fish Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization, Beidaihe Central Experiment Station, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qinhuangdao, 066100, China; Bohai Sea Fishery Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qinhuangdao, 066100, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of the Bohai Sea Fish Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization, Beidaihe Central Experiment Station, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qinhuangdao, 066100, China; Bohai Sea Fishery Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qinhuangdao, 066100, China
| | - Yufeng Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of the Bohai Sea Fish Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization, Beidaihe Central Experiment Station, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qinhuangdao, 066100, China; Bohai Sea Fishery Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qinhuangdao, 066100, China
| | - Jiangong Ren
- Hebei Key Laboratory of the Bohai Sea Fish Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization, Beidaihe Central Experiment Station, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qinhuangdao, 066100, China; Bohai Sea Fishery Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qinhuangdao, 066100, China
| | - Yufen Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of the Bohai Sea Fish Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization, Beidaihe Central Experiment Station, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qinhuangdao, 066100, China; Bohai Sea Fishery Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qinhuangdao, 066100, China
| | - Guixing Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of the Bohai Sea Fish Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization, Beidaihe Central Experiment Station, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qinhuangdao, 066100, China; Bohai Sea Fishery Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qinhuangdao, 066100, China
| | - Chunguang Gong
- Ocean College, Hebei Agricultural University, Qinhuangdao, 066009, China.
| | - Jilun Hou
- Hebei Key Laboratory of the Bohai Sea Fish Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization, Beidaihe Central Experiment Station, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qinhuangdao, 066100, China; Bohai Sea Fishery Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qinhuangdao, 066100, China.
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Ernst C, Andreassen PR, Giger GH, Nguyen BD, Gäbelein CG, Guillaume-Gentil O, Fattinger SA, Sellin ME, Hardt WD, Vorholt JA. Direct Salmonella injection into enteroid cells allows the study of host-pathogen interactions in the cytosol with high spatiotemporal resolution. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002597. [PMID: 38684033 PMCID: PMC11057982 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) play pivotal roles in nutrient uptake and in the protection against gut microorganisms. However, certain enteric pathogens, such as Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Tm), can invade IECs by employing flagella and type III secretion systems (T3SSs) with cognate effector proteins and exploit IECs as a replicative niche. Detection of flagella or T3SS proteins by IECs results in rapid host cell responses, i.e., the activation of inflammasomes. Here, we introduce a single-cell manipulation technology based on fluidic force microscopy (FluidFM) that enables direct bacteria delivery into the cytosol of single IECs within a murine enteroid monolayer. This approach allows to specifically study pathogen-host cell interactions in the cytosol uncoupled from preceding events such as docking, initiation of uptake, or vacuole escape. Consistent with current understanding, we show using a live-cell inflammasome reporter that exposure of the IEC cytosol to S. Tm induces NAIP/NLRC4 inflammasomes via its known ligands flagellin and T3SS rod and needle. Injected S. Tm mutants devoid of these invasion-relevant ligands were able to grow in the cytosol of IECs despite the absence of T3SS functions, suggesting that, in the absence of NAIP/NLRC4 inflammasome activation and the ensuing cell death, no effector-mediated host cell manipulation is required to render the epithelial cytosol growth-permissive for S. Tm. Overall, the experimental system to introduce S. Tm into single enteroid cells enables investigations into the molecular basis governing host-pathogen interactions in the cytosol with high spatiotemporal resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Ernst
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Gabriel H. Giger
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bidong D. Nguyen
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Stefan A. Fattinger
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mikael E. Sellin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Wolf-Dietrich Hardt
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julia A. Vorholt
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Sui B, Zheng J, Fu Z, Zhao L, Zhou M. TRIM72 restricts lyssavirus infection by inducing K48-linked ubiquitination and proteasome degradation of the matrix protein. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1011718. [PMID: 38408103 PMCID: PMC10919858 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The tripartite motif (TRIM) protein family is the largest subfamily of E3 ubiquitin ligases, playing a crucial role in the antiviral process. In this study, we found that TRIM72, a member of the TRIM protein family, was increased in neuronal cells and mouse brains following rabies lyssavirus (RABV) infection. Over-expression of TRIM72 significantly reduced the viral titer of RABV in neuronal cells and mitigated the pathogenicity of RABV in mice. Furthermore, we found that TRIM72 over-expression effectively prevents the assembly and/or release of RABV. In terms of the mechanism, TRIM72 promotes the K48-linked ubiquitination of RABV Matrix protein (M), leading to the degradation of M through the proteasome pathway. TRIM72 directly interacts with M and the interaction sites were identified and confirmed through TRIM72-M interaction model construction and mutation analysis. Further investigation revealed that the degradation of M induced by TRIM72 was attributed to TRIM72's promotion of ubiquitination at site K195 in M. Importantly, the K195 site was found to be partially conserved among lyssavirus's M proteins, and TRIM72 over-expression induced the degradation of these lyssavirus M proteins. In summary, our study has uncovered a TRIM family protein, TRIM72, that can restrict lyssavirus replication by degrading M, and we have identified a novel ubiquitination site (K195) in lyssavirus M.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baokun Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaxin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenfang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Hartland EL, Shin S. Editorial overview: Getting the house in order: Cell-intrinsic mechanisms of innate immune defence. Curr Opin Immunol 2024; 86:102411. [PMID: 38428280 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2024.102411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth L Hartland
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton 3168, Victoria, Australia; Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton 3168, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Sunny Shin
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Hu M, Liu L. Choline regulation of triglycerides synthesis through ubiquintination pathway in MAC-T cells. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16611. [PMID: 38144203 PMCID: PMC10740596 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the regulatory mechanism of choline (CH) on triglyceride (TG) synthesis in cows, with a specific focus on its potential association with high milk fat percentage in the gut of the Zhongdian yak. By employing combined metagenomics and metabolomics analysis, we establish a correlation between CH and milk fat production in yaks. Bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T) were exposed to varying CH concentrations, and after 24 h, we analyzed the expression levels of key proteins (membrane glycoprotein CD36 (CD36); adipose differentiation-related protein (ADFP); and ubiquintin (UB)), cellular TG content, lipid droplets, and cell vitality. Additionally, we evaluated the genes potentially related to the CH-mediated regulation of TG synthesis using real-time qPCR. CH at 200 μM significantly up-regulated CD36, ADFP, UB, and TG content. Pathway analysis reveals the involvement of the ubiquitination pathway in CH-mediated regulation of TG synthesis. These findings shed light on the role of CH in controlling TG synthesis in MAC-T cells and suggest its potential as a feed additive for cattle, offering possibilities to enhance milk fat production efficiency and economic outcomes in the dairy industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxue Hu
- College of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Lily Liu
- College of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
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