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Claussnitzer M, Parikh VN, Wagner AH, Arbesfeld JA, Bult CJ, Firth HV, Muffley LA, Nguyen Ba AN, Riehle K, Roth FP, Tabet D, Bolognesi B, Glazer AM, Rubin AF. Minimum information and guidelines for reporting a multiplexed assay of variant effect. Genome Biol 2024; 25:100. [PMID: 38641812 PMCID: PMC11027375 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-024-03223-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiplexed assays of variant effect (MAVEs) have emerged as a powerful approach for interrogating thousands of genetic variants in a single experiment. The flexibility and widespread adoption of these techniques across diverse disciplines have led to a heterogeneous mix of data formats and descriptions, which complicates the downstream use of the resulting datasets. To address these issues and promote reproducibility and reuse of MAVE data, we define a set of minimum information standards for MAVE data and metadata and outline a controlled vocabulary aligned with established biomedical ontologies for describing these experimental designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melina Claussnitzer
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Genomic Mechanisms of Disease, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Victoria N Parikh
- Stanford Center for Inherited Cardiovascular Disease, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Alex H Wagner
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, 43215, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jeremy A Arbesfeld
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, 43215, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Carol J Bult
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, USA
| | - Helen V Firth
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
- Dept of Medical Genetics, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lara A Muffley
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Alex N Nguyen Ba
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto at Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Kevin Riehle
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Frederick P Roth
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel Tabet
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Benedetta Bolognesi
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalunya (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Andrew M Glazer
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
| | - Alan F Rubin
- Bioinformatics Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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Munyangaju I, José B, Esmail R, Palmer M, Santiago B, Hernanz-Lobo A, Mutemba C, Perez P, Tlhapi LH, Mudaly V, Pitcher RD, Jahnen A, Carruana EV, López-Varela E, Thierry-Chef I. Evaluation of radiological capacity and usage in paediatric TB diagnosis: A mixed-method protocol of a comparative study in Mozambique, South Africa and Spain. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299293. [PMID: 38635846 PMCID: PMC11025952 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tuberculosis remains one of the top ten causes of mortality globally. Children accounted for 12% of all TB cases and 18% of all TB deaths in 2022. Paediatric TB is difficult to diagnose with conventional laboratory tests, and chest radiographs remain crucial. However, in low-and middle-income countries with high TB burden, the capacity for radiological diagnosis of paediatric TB is rarely documented and data on the associated radiation exposure limited. METHODS A multicentre, mixed-methods study is proposed in three countries, Mozambique, South Africa and Spain. At the national level, official registry databases will be utilised to retrospectively compile an inventory of licensed imaging resources (mainly X-ray and Computed Tomography (CT) scan equipment) for the year 2021. At the selected health facility level, three descriptive cross-sectional standardised surveys will be conducted to assess radiology capacity, radiological imaging diagnostic use for paediatric TB diagnosis, and radiation protection optimization: a site survey, a clinician-targeted survey, and a radiology staff-targeted survey, respectively. At the patient level, potential dose optimisation will be assessed for children under 16 years of age who were diagnosed and treated for TB in selected sites in each country. For this component, a retrospective analysis of dosimetry will be performed on TB and radiology data routinely collected at the respective sites. National inventory data will be presented as the number of units per million people by modality, region and country. Descriptive analyses will be conducted on survey data, including the demographic, clinical and programmatic characteristics of children treated for TB who had imaging examinations (chest X-ray (CXR) and/or CT scan). Dose exposure analysis will be performed by children's age, gender and disease spectrum. DISCUSSION As far as we know, this is the first multicentre and multi-national study to compare radiological capacity, radiation protection optimization and practices between high and low TB burden settings in the context of childhood TB management. The planned comparative analyses will inform policy-makers of existing radiological capacity and deficiencies, allowing better resource prioritisation. It will inform clinicians and radiologists on best practices and means to optimise the use of radiological technology in paediatric TB management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Munyangaju
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Medicine and Translational Research Department, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Benedita José
- National Tuberculosis Control Program, Ministry of Health, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Ridwaan Esmail
- Imaging Division, Ministry of Health, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Megan Palmer
- Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Begoña Santiago
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Department, Gregorio Marañón University Hospital, Gregorio Marañón Research Health Institute (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Hernanz-Lobo
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Department, Gregorio Marañón University Hospital, Gregorio Marañón Research Health Institute (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Translational Research Network in Pediatric Infectious Diseases (RITIP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Crimenia Mutemba
- National Tuberculosis Control Program, Ministry of Health, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Patricia Perez
- National Paediatric TB Working Group, Maputo, Mozambique
| | | | - Vanessa Mudaly
- Service Priorities Coordination (SPC) Directorate, Department of Health, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Richard D. Pitcher
- Department of Medical Imaging and Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Andreas Jahnen
- ITIS Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Luxembourg
| | - Eliseo Vañó Carruana
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine of the Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisa López-Varela
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Medicine and Translational Research Department, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabelle Thierry-Chef
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Medicine and Translational Research Department, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
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3
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Gàlvez-Morante A, Guéguen L, Natsidis P, Telford MJ, Richter DJ. Dollo Parsimony Overestimates Ancestral Gene Content Reconstructions. Genome Biol Evol 2024; 16:evae062. [PMID: 38518756 PMCID: PMC10995720 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evae062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Ancestral reconstruction is a widely used technique that has been applied to understand the evolutionary history of gain and loss of gene families. Ancestral gene content can be reconstructed via different phylogenetic methods, but many current and previous studies employ Dollo parsimony. We hypothesize that Dollo parsimony is not appropriate for ancestral gene content reconstruction inferences based on sequence homology, as Dollo parsimony is derived from the assumption that a complex character cannot be regained. This premise does not accurately model molecular sequence evolution, in which false orthology can result from sequence convergence or lateral gene transfer. The aim of this study is to test Dollo parsimony's suitability for ancestral gene content reconstruction and to compare its inferences with a maximum likelihood-based approach that allows a gene family to be gained more than once within a tree. We first compared the performance of the two approaches on a series of artificial data sets each of 5,000 genes that were simulated according to a spectrum of evolutionary rates without gene gain or loss, so that inferred deviations from the true gene count would arise only from errors in orthology inference and ancestral reconstruction. Next, we reconstructed protein domain evolution on a phylogeny representing known eukaryotic diversity. We observed that Dollo parsimony produced numerous ancestral gene content overestimations, especially at nodes closer to the root of the tree. These observations led us to the conclusion that, confirming our hypothesis, Dollo parsimony is not an appropriate method for ancestral reconstruction studies based on sequence homology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Gàlvez-Morante
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Laurent Guéguen
- LBBE, UMR 5558, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne 69622, France
| | - Paschalis Natsidis
- Centre for Life's Origins and Evolution, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Maximilian J Telford
- Centre for Life's Origins and Evolution, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Daniel J Richter
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Barcelona 08003, Spain
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Cabello-Toscano M, Vaqué-Alcázar L, Bayes-Marin I, Cattaneo G, Solana-Sánchez J, Mulet-Pons L, Bargalló N, Tormos JM, Pascual-Leone A, Bartrés-Faz D. Functional brain connectivity prior to the COVID-19 outbreak predicts mental health trajectories during two years of pandemic. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024; 78:262-264. [PMID: 38372461 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- María Cabello-Toscano
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- August Pi i Sunyer Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació adscrit a la Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Lídia Vaqué-Alcázar
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- August Pi i Sunyer Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Sant Pau Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau-Hospital de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ivet Bayes-Marin
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat, Spain
| | - Gabriele Cattaneo
- Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació adscrit a la Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Fundació Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Javier Solana-Sánchez
- Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació adscrit a la Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Fundació Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Lídia Mulet-Pons
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- August Pi i Sunyer Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Bargalló
- August Pi i Sunyer Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Secció de Neuroradiologia, Centre de Diagnòstic per la Imatge, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep M Tormos
- Centro de Investigación Traslacional San Alberto Magno, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alvaro Pascual-Leone
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research and Deanna and Sidney Wolk Center for Memory Health, Hebrew SeniorLife, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David Bartrés-Faz
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- August Pi i Sunyer Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació adscrit a la Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
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Abbadessa A, Ronca A, Salerno A. Integrating bioprinting, cell therapies and drug delivery towards in vivo regeneration of cartilage, bone and osteochondral tissue. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024; 14:858-894. [PMID: 37882983 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01437-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The biological and biomechanical functions of cartilage, bone and osteochondral tissue are naturally orchestrated by a complex crosstalk between zonally dependent cells and extracellular matrix components. In fact, this crosstalk involves biomechanical signals and the release of biochemical cues that direct cell fate and regulate tissue morphogenesis and remodelling in vivo. Three-dimensional bioprinting introduced a paradigm shift in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, since it allows to mimic native tissue anisotropy introducing compositional and architectural gradients. Moreover, the growing synergy between bioprinting and drug delivery may enable to replicate cell/extracellular matrix reciprocity and dynamics by the careful control of the spatial and temporal patterning of bioactive cues. Although significant advances have been made in this direction, unmet challenges and open research questions persist. These include, among others, the optimization of scaffold zonality and architectural features; the preservation of the bioactivity of loaded active molecules, as well as their spatio-temporal release; the in vitro scaffold maturation prior to implantation; the pros and cons of each animal model and the graft-defect mismatch; and the in vivo non-invasive monitoring of new tissue formation. This work critically reviews these aspects and reveals the state of the art of using three-dimensional bioprinting, and its synergy with drug delivery technologies, to pattern the distribution of cells and/or active molecules in cartilage, bone and osteochondral engineered tissues. Most notably, this work focuses on approaches, technologies and biomaterials that are currently under in vivo investigations, as these give important insights on scaffold performance at the implantation site and its interaction/integration with surrounding tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Abbadessa
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), IDIS Research Institute, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Alfredo Ronca
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, 80125, Naples, Italy.
| | - Aurelio Salerno
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, 80125, Naples, Italy.
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Del Mar Labrador M, Serrano D, Doña J, Aguilera E, Arroyo JL, Atiénzar F, Barba E, Bermejo A, Blanco G, Borràs A, Calleja JA, Cantó JL, Cortés V, De la Puente J, De Palacio D, Fernández-González S, Figuerola J, Frías Ó, Fuertes-Marcos B, Garamszegi LZ, Gordo Ó, Gurpegui M, Kovács I, Martínez JL, Meléndez L, Mestre A, Møller AP, Monrós JS, Moreno-Opo R, Navarro C, Pap PL, Pérez-Tris J, Piculo R, Ponce C, Proctor HC, Rodríguez R, Sallent Á, Senar JC, Tella JL, Vágási CI, Vögeli M, Jovani R. Host space, not energy or symbiont size, constrains feather mite abundance across passerine bird species. J Anim Ecol 2024; 93:393-405. [PMID: 38100230 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.14032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Comprehending symbiont abundance among host species is a major ecological endeavour, and the metabolic theory of ecology has been proposed to understand what constrains symbiont populations. We parameterized metabolic theory equations to investigate how bird species' body size and the body size of their feather mites relate to mite abundance according to four potential energy (uropygial gland size) and space constraints (wing area, total length of barbs and number of feather barbs). Predictions were compared with the empirical scaling of feather mite abundance across 106 passerine bird species (26,604 individual birds sampled), using phylogenetic modelling and quantile regression. Feather mite abundance was strongly constrained by host space (number of feather barbs) but not by energy. Moreover, feather mite species' body size was unrelated to the body size of their host species. We discuss the implications of our results for our understanding of the bird-feather mite system and for symbiont abundance in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Del Mar Labrador
- Doñana Biological Station (CSIC), Seville, Spain
- SEO-Monticola Ornithological Group, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Jorge Doña
- University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Ana Bermejo
- SEO-Monticola Ornithological Group, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Antoni Borràs
- Museu de Ciències Naturals de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan A Calleja
- SEO-Monticola Ornithological Group, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Javier De la Puente
- SEO-Monticola Ornithological Group, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana De Palacio
- SEO-Monticola Ornithological Group, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - László Z Garamszegi
- Institute of Ecology and Botany, Centre for Ecological Research, Vácrátót, Hungary
| | - Óscar Gordo
- Doñana Biological Station (CSIC), Seville, Spain
| | - Míriam Gurpegui
- National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - István Kovács
- 'Milvus Group' Bird and Nature Protection Association, Târgu Mureş, Romania
| | | | - Leandro Meléndez
- Biodiversity Research Institute (Univ. of Oviedo-CSIC-Princ. Asturias), Mieres, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Rubén Moreno-Opo
- SEO-Monticola Ornithological Group, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Péter L Pap
- Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | | | | | - Carlos Ponce
- SEO-Monticola Ornithological Group, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Ángel Sallent
- Naturalists Association of Southeast (ANSE), Murcia, Spain
| | | | - José L Tella
- Doñana Biological Station (CSIC), Seville, Spain
| | | | | | - Roger Jovani
- Doñana Biological Station (CSIC), Seville, Spain
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Ganguly S, Pesquera D, Garcia DM, Saeed U, Mirzamohammadi N, Santiso J, Padilla J, Roque JMC, Laulhé C, Berenguer F, Villanueva LG, Catalan G. Photostrictive Actuators Based on Freestanding Ferroelectric Membranes. Adv Mater 2024:e2310198. [PMID: 38546029 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Complex oxides offer a wide range of functional properties, and recent advances in the fabrication of freestanding membranes of these oxides are adding new mechanical degrees of freedom to this already rich functional ecosystem. Here, photoactuation is demonstrated in freestanding thin film resonators of ferroelectric Barium Titanate (BaTiO3) and paraelectric Strontium Titanate (SrTiO3). The free-standing films, transferred onto perforated supports, act as nano-drums, oscillating at their natural resonance frequency when illuminated by a frequency-modulated laser. The light-induced deflections in the ferroelectric BaTiO3 membranes are two orders of magnitude larger than in the paraelectric SrTiO3 ones. Time-resolved X-ray micro-diffraction under illumination and temperature-dependent holographic interferometry provide combined evidence for the photostrictive strain in BaTiO3 originating from a partial screening of ferroelectric polarization by photo-excited carriers, which decreases the tetragonality of the unit cell. These findings showcase the potential of photostrictive freestanding ferroelectric films as wireless actuators operated by light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saptam Ganguly
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - David Pesquera
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Daniel Moreno Garcia
- Advanced NEMS Laboratory, Institute of Mechanical Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Umair Saeed
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Nona Mirzamohammadi
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - José Santiso
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jessica Padilla
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - José Manuel Caicedo Roque
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Claire Laulhé
- Université Paris-Saclay, Synchrotron SOLEIL, Saint-Aubin, 91190, France
| | - Felisa Berenguer
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin BP 48, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91190, France
| | - Luis Guillermo Villanueva
- Advanced NEMS Laboratory, Institute of Mechanical Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Gustau Catalan
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
- ICREA - Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, 08010, Catalonia
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8
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Alafo C, Montoya LF, Martí-Soler H, Máquina M, Malheia A, Sacoor C, Abílio AP, Marrenjo D, Cuamba N, Galatas B, Aide P, Saúte F, Paaijmans KP. An evaluation of LLIN physical integrity and population attitudes towards net use, care and handling during the Magude project in southern Mozambique. Malar J 2024; 23:87. [PMID: 38532416 PMCID: PMC10967156 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-024-04910-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Magude Project assessed the feasibility of eliminating malaria in Magude district, a low transmission setting in southern Mozambique, using a package of interventions, including long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs). As the efficacy of LLINs depends in part on their physical integrity, this metric was quantified for Olyset® Nets post mass-distribution, in addition to net use, care and handling practices and other risk factors associated with net physical integrity. METHODS Nets were collected during a cross-sectional net evaluation, nine months after the Magude project commenced, which was 2 years after the nets were distributed by the National Malaria Control Programme (NMCP). The physical integrity of the nets was assessed by counting and sizing the holes at different positions on each net. A structured questionnaire was administered to assess how the selected net was used and treated (care, wash and repair). Net bio-efficacy was assessed following the standard World Health Organization (WHO) cone bioassay procedures. RESULTS Out of the 170 Olyset® Nets included in the analysis, 63.5% had been used the night before. The main reason for not using a net was the notion that there were no mosquitoes present. The average number of people using each net was 1.79. Two thirds of the nets had only been washed once or twice since distribution. Most nets (80.9%) were holed and 18% were torn, but none of the risk factors were significantly associated with net integrity, except for presence of mice in the household. Less than half of the participants noticed holes in holed nets, and of those only 38.6% attempted to repair those. None of the six nets that were tested for bio-efficacy passed the WHO threshold of 80% mosquito mortality. CONCLUSION Overall the majority of Olyset® Nets were in serviceable condition two years post-distribution, but their insecticidal effect may have been lost. This study-together with previous evidence on suboptimal access to and use of LLINs in Magude district-highlights that LLINs as an intervention could have been optimized during the Magude project to achieve maximum intervention impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celso Alafo
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Fundação Manhiça, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Lucia Fernandez Montoya
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Fundação Manhiça, Maputo, Mozambique
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Mara Máquina
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Fundação Manhiça, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Arlindo Malheia
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Fundação Manhiça, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Charfudin Sacoor
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Fundação Manhiça, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Ana Paula Abílio
- Instituto Nacional da Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Dulcisaria Marrenjo
- Programa Nacional de Controlo da Malária, Ministério da Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Nelson Cuamba
- Programa Nacional de Controlo da Malária, Ministério da Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique
- PMI VectorLink Project, Abt Associates Inc., Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Beatriz Galatas
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Fundação Manhiça, Maputo, Mozambique
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Global Malaria Program, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Aide
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Fundação Manhiça, Maputo, Mozambique
- Instituto Nacional da Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Francisco Saúte
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Fundação Manhiça, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Krijn P Paaijmans
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Fundação Manhiça, Maputo, Mozambique.
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.
- Center for Evolution and Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
- Simon A. Levin Mathematical, Computational and Modeling Sciences Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
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9
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Dogaris I, Pylypchuk I, Henriksson G, Abbadessa A. Polyelectrolyte complexes based on a novel and sustainable hemicellulose-rich lignosulphonate for drug delivery applications. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s13346-024-01573-2. [PMID: 38530607 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-024-01573-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) are polymeric structures formed by the self-assembly of oppositely charged polymers. Novel biomaterials based on PECs are currently under investigation as drug delivery systems, among other applications. This strategy leverages the ability of PECs to entrap drugs under mild conditions and control their release. In this study, we combined a novel and sustainably produced hemicellulose-rich lignosulphonate polymer (EH, negatively charged) with polyethyleneimine (PEI) or chitosan (CH, positively charged) and agar for the development of drug-releasing PECs. A preliminary screening demonstrated the effect of several parameters (polyelectrolyte ratio, temperature, and type of polycation) on PECs formation. From this, selected formulations were further characterized in terms of thermal properties, surface morphology at the microscale, stability, and ability to load and release methylene blue (MB) as a model drug. EH/PEI complexes had a more pronounced gel-like behaviour compared to the EH/CH complexes. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results supported the establishment of polymeric interactions during complexation. Overall, PECs' stability was positively affected by low pH, ratios close to 1:1, and the addition of agar. PECs with higher EH content showed a higher MB loading, likely promoted by stronger electrostatic interactions. The EH/CH formulation enriched with agar showed the best sustained release profile of MB during the first 30 h in a pH-dependent environment simulating the gastrointestinal tract. Overall, we defined the conditions to formulate novel PECs based on a sustainable hemicellulose-rich lignosulphonate for potential applications in drug delivery, which promotes the valuable synergy between sustainability and the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Dogaris
- Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Health, Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, Stockholm, SE-100 44, Sweden
| | - Ievgen Pylypchuk
- Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Health, Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, Stockholm, SE-100 44, Sweden
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, Stockholm, 10691, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Henriksson
- Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Health, Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, Stockholm, SE-100 44, Sweden
| | - Anna Abbadessa
- Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Health, Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, Stockholm, SE-100 44, Sweden.
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), IDIS Research Institute, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avenida Barcelona s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain.
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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10
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Gaspar AS, Silva NA, Ferreira AM, Nunes RG. Repeatability of Open-MOLLI: An open-source inversion recovery myocardial T1 mapping sequence for fast prototyping. Magn Reson Med 2024. [PMID: 38523462 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.30080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop an open-source prototype of myocardial T1 mapping (Open-MOLLI) to improve accessibility to cardiac T1 mapping and evaluate its repeatability. With Open-MOLLI, we aim to enable faster implementation and testing of sequence modifications and to facilitate inter-scanner and cross-vendor reproducibility studies. METHODS Open-MOLLI is an inversion-recovery sequence using a balanced SSFP (bSSFP) readout, with inversion and triggering schemes based on the 5(3)3 MOLLI sequence, developed in Pulseq. Open-MOLLI and MOLLI sequences were acquired in the ISMRM/NIST phantom and 21 healthy volunteers. In 18 of those subjects, Open-MOLLI and MOLLI were repeated in the same session (test-retest). RESULTS Phantom T1 values were comparable between methods, specifically for the vial with reference T1 value most similar to healthy myocardium T1 (T1vial3 = 1027 ms): T1MOLLI = 1011 ± 24 ms versus T1Open-MOLLI = 1009 ± 20 ms. In vivo T1 estimates were similar between Open-MOLLI and MOLLI (T1MOLLI = 1004 ± 33 ms vs. T1Open-MOLLI = 998 ± 52 ms), with a mean difference of -17 ms (p = 0.20), despite noisier Open-MOLLI weighted images and maps. Repeatability measures were slightly higher for Open-MOLLI (RCMOLLI = 3.0% vs. RCOpen-MOLLI = 4.4%). CONCLUSION The open-source sequence Open-MOLLI can be used for T1 mapping in vivo with similar mean T1 values to the MOLLI method. Open-MOLLI increases the accessibility to cardiac T1 mapping, providing also a base sequence to which further improvements can easily be added and tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia S Gaspar
- Instituto de Sistemas e Robótica-Lisboa and Departamento de Bioengenharia, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nuno A Silva
- Hospital da Luz Learning Health, Luz Saúde, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - António M Ferreira
- Serviço de Cardiologia, Hospital de Santa Cruz, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental, Lisboa, Portugal
- Unidade de Imagiologia Cardíaca Avançada, Hospital da Luz, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rita G Nunes
- Instituto de Sistemas e Robótica-Lisboa and Departamento de Bioengenharia, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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11
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Naidoo M, Shephard W, Kambewe I, Mtshali N, Cope S, Rubio FA, Rasella D. Incorporating social vulnerability in infectious disease mathematical modelling: a scoping review. BMC Med 2024; 22:125. [PMID: 38500147 PMCID: PMC10949739 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03333-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Highlighted by the rise of COVID-19, climate change, and conflict, socially vulnerable populations are least resilient to disaster. In infectious disease management, mathematical models are a commonly used tool. Researchers should include social vulnerability in models to strengthen their utility in reflecting real-world dynamics. We conducted a scoping review to evaluate how researchers have incorporated social vulnerability into infectious disease mathematical models. METHODS The methodology followed the Joanna Briggs Institute and updated Arksey and O'Malley frameworks, verified by the PRISMA-ScR checklist. PubMed, Clarivate Web of Science, Scopus, EBSCO Africa Wide Information, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched for peer-reviewed published articles. Screening and extracting data were done by two independent researchers. RESULTS Of 4075 results, 89 articles were identified. Two-thirds of articles used a compartmental model (n = 58, 65.2%), with a quarter using agent-based models (n = 24, 27.0%). Overall, routine indicators, namely age and sex, were among the most frequently used measures (n = 42, 12.3%; n = 22, 6.4%, respectively). Only one measure related to culture and social behaviour (0.3%). For compartmental models, researchers commonly constructed distinct models for each level of a social vulnerability measure and included new parameters or influenced standard parameters in model equations (n = 30, 51.7%). For all agent-based models, characteristics were assigned to hosts (n = 24, 100.0%), with most models including age, contact behaviour, and/or sex (n = 18, 75.0%; n = 14, 53.3%; n = 10, 41.7%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Given the importance of equitable and effective infectious disease management, there is potential to further the field. Our findings demonstrate that social vulnerability is not considered holistically. There is a focus on incorporating routine demographic indicators but important cultural and social behaviours that impact health outcomes are excluded. It is crucial to develop models that foreground social vulnerability to not only design more equitable interventions, but also to develop more effective infectious disease control and elimination strategies. Furthermore, this study revealed the lack of transparency around data sources, inconsistent reporting, lack of collaboration with local experts, and limited studies focused on modelling cultural indicators. These challenges are priorities for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Naidoo
- The Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, C/ del Rosselló, Barcelona, 171, 08036, Spain.
| | - Whitney Shephard
- The Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, C/ del Rosselló, Barcelona, 171, 08036, Spain
| | - Innocensia Kambewe
- The Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, C/ del Rosselló, Barcelona, 171, 08036, Spain
| | - Nokuthula Mtshali
- The Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, C/ del Rosselló, Barcelona, 171, 08036, Spain
| | - Sky Cope
- The Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, C/ del Rosselló, Barcelona, 171, 08036, Spain
| | - Felipe Alves Rubio
- The Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, C/ del Rosselló, Barcelona, 171, 08036, Spain
| | - Davide Rasella
- The Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, C/ del Rosselló, Barcelona, 171, 08036, Spain
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12
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Nakahata DH, Kanavos I, Zubiria-Ulacia M, Inague A, Salassa L, Lobinski R, Miyamoto S, Matxain JM, Ronga L, de Paiva REF. Gold-Promoted Biocompatible Selenium Arylation of Small Molecules, Peptides and Proteins. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304050. [PMID: 38197477 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
A low pKa (5.2), high polarizable volume (3.8 Å), and proneness to oxidation under ambient conditions make selenocysteine (Sec, U) a unique, natural reactive handle present in most organisms across all domains of life. Sec modification still has untapped potential for site-selective protein modification and probing. Herein we demonstrate the use of a cyclometalated gold(III) compound, [Au(bnpy)Cl2 ], in the arylation of diselenides of biological significance, with a scope covering small molecule models, peptides, and proteins using a combination of multinuclear NMR (including 77 Se NMR), and LC-MS. Diphenyl diselenide (Ph-Se)2 and selenocystine, (Sec)2 , were used for reaction optimization. This approach allowed us to demonstrate that an excess of diselenide (Au/Se-Se) and an increasing water percentage in the reaction media enhance both the conversion and kinetics of the C-Se coupling reaction, a combination that makes the reaction biocompatible. The C-Se coupling reaction was also shown to happen for the diselenide analogue of the cyclic peptide vasopressin ((Se-Se)-AVP), and the Bos taurus glutathione peroxidase (GPx1) enzyme in ammonium acetate (2 mM, pH=7.0). The reaction mechanism, studied by DFT revealed a redox-based mechanism where the C-Se coupling is enabled by the reductive elimination of the cyclometalated Au(III) species into Au(I).
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas H Nakahata
- Donostia International Physics Center - DIPC, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018, Donostia, Euskadi, Gipuzkoa, Spain
| | - Ioannis Kanavos
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie Pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux - IPREM, E2S UPPA, CNRS, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, 64053, Pau, France
| | - Maria Zubiria-Ulacia
- Donostia International Physics Center - DIPC, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018, Donostia, Euskadi, Gipuzkoa, Spain
- Polimero eta Material Aurreratuak: Fisika, Kimika eta Teknologia, Kimika Fakultatea Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU, Donostia, Spain, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018, Donostia, Euskadi, Gipuzkoa, Spain
| | - Alex Inague
- Biochemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508000, SP, Brazil
| | - Luca Salassa
- Donostia International Physics Center - DIPC, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018, Donostia, Euskadi, Gipuzkoa, Spain
- Polimero eta Material Aurreratuak: Fisika, Kimika eta Teknologia, Kimika Fakultatea Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU, Donostia, Spain, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018, Donostia, Euskadi, Gipuzkoa, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009, Bilbao, Euskadi, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Ryszard Lobinski
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie Pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux - IPREM, E2S UPPA, CNRS, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, 64053, Pau, France
| | - Sayuri Miyamoto
- Biochemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508000, SP, Brazil
| | - Jon Mattin Matxain
- Donostia International Physics Center - DIPC, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018, Donostia, Euskadi, Gipuzkoa, Spain
- Polimero eta Material Aurreratuak: Fisika, Kimika eta Teknologia, Kimika Fakultatea Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU, Donostia, Spain, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018, Donostia, Euskadi, Gipuzkoa, Spain
| | - Luisa Ronga
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie Pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux - IPREM, E2S UPPA, CNRS, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, 64053, Pau, France
| | - Raphael E F de Paiva
- Donostia International Physics Center - DIPC, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018, Donostia, Euskadi, Gipuzkoa, Spain
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13
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Turon M, Ford M, Maldonado M, Sitjà C, Riesgo A, Díez-Vives C. Microbiome changes through the ontogeny of the marine sponge Crambe crambe. Environ Microbiome 2024; 19:15. [PMID: 38468324 DOI: 10.1186/s40793-024-00556-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poriferans (sponges) are highly adaptable organisms that can thrive in diverse marine and freshwater environments due, in part, to their close associations with internal microbial communities. This sponge microbiome can be acquired from the surrounding environment (horizontal acquisition) or obtained from the parents during the reproductive process through a variety of mechanisms (vertical transfer), typically resulting in the presence of symbiotic microbes throughout all stages of sponge development. How and to what extent the different components of the microbiome are transferred to the developmental stages remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the microbiome composition of a common, low-microbial-abundance, Atlantic-Mediterranean sponge, Crambe crambe, throughout its ontogeny, including adult individuals, brooded larvae, lecithotrophic free-swimming larvae, newly settled juveniles still lacking osculum, and juveniles with a functional osculum for filter feeding. RESULTS Using 16S rRNA gene analysis, we detected distinct microbiome compositions in each ontogenetic stage, with variations in composition, relative abundance, and diversity of microbial species. However, a particular dominant symbiont, Candidatus Beroebacter blanensis, previously described as the main symbiont of C. crambe, consistently occurred throughout all stages, an omnipresence that suggests vertical transmission from parents to offspring. This symbiont fluctuated in relative abundance across developmental stages, with pronounced prevalence in lecithotrophic stages. A major shift in microbial composition occurred as new settlers completed osculum formation and acquired filter-feeding capacity. Candidatus Beroebacter blanensis decreased significatively at this point. Microbial diversity peaked in filter-feeding stages, contrasting with the lower diversity of lecithotrophic stages. Furthermore, individual specific transmission patterns were detected, with greater microbial similarity between larvae and their respective parents compared to non-parental conspecifics. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest a putative vertical transmission of the dominant symbiont, which could provide some metabolic advantage to non-filtering developmental stages of C. crambe. The increase in microbiome diversity with the onset of filter-feeding stages likely reflects enhanced interaction with environmental microbes, facilitating horizontal transmission. Conversely, lower microbiome diversity in lecithotrophic stages, prior to filter feeding, suggests incomplete symbiont transfer or potential symbiont digestion. This research provides novel information on the dynamics of the microbiome through sponge ontogeny, on the strategies for symbiont acquisition at each ontogenetic stage, and on the potential importance of symbionts during larval development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Turon
- Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC), c/José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Madeline Ford
- Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK
| | - Manuel Maldonado
- Department of Marine Ecology, Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), c/Accés a la Cala St. Francesc, 14, 17300, Blanes, Spain
| | - Cèlia Sitjà
- Department of Marine Ecology, Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), c/Accés a la Cala St. Francesc, 14, 17300, Blanes, Spain
| | - Ana Riesgo
- Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC), c/José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK.
| | - Cristina Díez-Vives
- Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK.
- Department of Systems Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, c/Darwin, 3, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
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14
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Vellvé K, Garcia-Canadilla P, Nogueira M, Youssef L, Arranz A, Nakaki A, Boada D, Blanco I, Faner R, Figueras F, Agustí À, Gratacós E, Crovetto F, Bijnens B, Crispi F. Pulmonary vascular reactivity in growth restricted fetuses using computational modelling and machine learning analysis of fetal Doppler waveforms. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5919. [PMID: 38467666 PMCID: PMC10928161 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54603-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the pulmonary vasculature in baseline conditions and after maternal hyperoxygenation in growth restricted fetuses (FGR). A prospective cohort study of singleton pregnancies including 97 FGR and 111 normally grown fetuses was carried out. Ultrasound Doppler of the pulmonary vessels was obtained at 24-37 weeks of gestation and data were acquired before and after oxygen administration. After, Machine Learning (ML) and a computational model were used on the Doppler waveforms to classify individuals and estimate pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). Our results showed lower mean velocity time integral (VTI) in the main pulmonary and intrapulmonary arteries in baseline conditions in FGR individuals. Delta changes of the main pulmonary artery VTI and intrapulmonary artery pulsatility index before and after hyperoxygenation were significantly greater in FGR when compared with controls. Also, ML identified two clusters: A (including 66% controls and 34% FGR) with similar Doppler traces over time and B (including 33% controls and 67% FGR) with changes after hyperoxygenation. The computational model estimated the ratio of PVR before and after maternal hyperoxygenation which was closer to 1 in cluster A (cluster A 0.98 ± 0.33 vs cluster B 0.78 ± 0.28, p = 0.0156). Doppler ultrasound allows the detection of significant changes in pulmonary vasculature in most FGR at baseline, and distinct responses to hyperoxygenation. Future studies are warranted to assess its potential applicability in the clinical management of FGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kilian Vellvé
- BCNatal Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Sabino Arana 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia Garcia-Canadilla
- BCNatal Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Sabino Arana 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariana Nogueira
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lina Youssef
- BCNatal Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Sabino Arana 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angela Arranz
- BCNatal Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Sabino Arana 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ayako Nakaki
- BCNatal Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Sabino Arana 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Boada
- BCNatal Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Sabino Arana 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Blanco
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Pneumology Department, Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research on Respiratory Diseases (CIBER-ES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Faner
- Centre for Biomedical Research on Respiratory Diseases (CIBER-ES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesc Figueras
- BCNatal Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Sabino Arana 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Àlvar Agustí
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Pneumology Department, Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research on Respiratory Diseases (CIBER-ES), Madrid, Spain
- Cathedra Salud Respiratoria, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Gratacós
- BCNatal Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Sabino Arana 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesca Crovetto
- BCNatal Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Sabino Arana 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Fàtima Crispi
- BCNatal Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Sabino Arana 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
- Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Madrid, Spain.
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15
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Pardo J, Montal V, Campabadal A, Oltra J, Uribe C, Roura I, Bargalló N, Martí MJ, Compta Y, Iranzo A, Fortea J, Junqué C, Segura B. Cortical Macro- and Microstructural Changes in Parkinson's Disease with Probable Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder. Mov Disord 2024. [PMID: 38456361 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence regarding cortical atrophy patterns in Parkinson's disease (PD) with probable rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) (PD-pRBD) remains scarce. Cortical mean diffusivity (cMD), as a novel imaging biomarker highly sensitive to detecting cortical microstructural changes in different neurodegenerative diseases, has not been investigated in PD-pRBD yet. OBJECTIVES The aim was to investigate cMD as a sensitive measure to identify subtle cortical microstructural changes in PD-pRBD and its relationship with cortical thickness (CTh). METHODS Twenty-two PD-pRBD, 31 PD without probable RBD (PD-nonpRBD), and 28 healthy controls (HC) were assessed using 3D T1-weighted and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging on a 3-T scanner and neuropsychological testing. Measures of cortical brain changes were obtained through cMD and CTh. Two-class group comparisons of a general linear model were performed (P < 0.05). Cohen's d effect size for both approaches was computed. RESULTS PD-pRBD patients showed higher cMD than PD-nonpRBD patients in the left superior temporal, superior frontal, and precentral gyri, precuneus cortex, as well as in the right middle frontal and postcentral gyri and paracentral lobule (d > 0.8), whereas CTh did not detect significant differences. PD-pRBD patients also showed increased bilateral posterior cMD in comparison with HCs (d > 0.8). These results partially overlapped with CTh results (0.5 < d < 0.8). PD-nonpRBD patients showed no differences in cMD when compared with HCs but showed cortical thinning in the left fusiform gyrus and lateral occipital cortex bilaterally (d > 0.5). CONCLUSIONS cMD may be more sensitive than CTh displaying significant cortico-structural differences between PD subgroups, indicating this imaging biomarker's utility in studying early cortical changes in PD. © 2024 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Grants
- PID2020-114640GB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad
- H2020-SC1-BHC-2018-2020/GA 965422 European Union's Horizon 2020, "MES-CoBraD"
- FI18/00275 Instituto de Salud Carlos III
- IIBSP-DOW-2020-151 Departament de Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya, Fundación Tatiana Pérez de Guzmán el Bueno
- PRE2018-086675 Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades
- PI20/01473 Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitario, Carlos III Health Institute
- SGR 2021SGR00801 Generalitat de Catalunya
- 1R01AG056850-01A1 CIBERNED Program 1, National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants
- 3RF1AG056850-01S1 CIBERNED Program 1, National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants
- AG056850 CIBERNED Program 1, National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants
- R01AG061566 CIBERNED Program 1, National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants
- R21AG056974 CIBERNED Program 1, National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants
- 888692 H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions
- LCF/BQ/DR22/11950012 'la Caixa' Foundation
- PRE2021-099689 Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación
- CEX2021-001159-M María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence (Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona), Ministry of Science and Innovation
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Affiliation(s)
- Jèssica Pardo
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victor Montal
- Sant Pau Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Life Sciences, Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Campabadal
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Neurology Service, Consorci Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí de Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Oltra
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Uribe
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ignacio Roura
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Bargalló
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Imaging Diagnostic Center (CDI), Hospital Clínic Universitari de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria J Martí
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Barcelona, Spain
- Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Hospital Clínic Universitari de Barcelona, UBNeuro Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yaroslau Compta
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Barcelona, Spain
- Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Hospital Clínic Universitari de Barcelona, UBNeuro Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alex Iranzo
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Barcelona, Spain
- Sleep Disorders Center, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic Universitari de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Fortea
- Sant Pau Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Barcelona, Spain
- Barcelona Down Medical Center, Fundació Catalana de Síndrome de Down, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Junqué
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bàrbara Segura
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Azzalin CM. TERRA and the alternative lengthening of telomeres: a dangerous affair. FEBS Lett 2024. [PMID: 38445359 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Eukaryotic telomeres are transcribed into the long noncoding RNA TERRA. A fraction of TERRA remains associated with telomeres by forming RNA:DNA hybrids dubbed telR-loops. TERRA and telR-loops are essential to promote telomere elongation in human cancer cells that maintain telomeres through a homology-directed repair pathway known as alternative lengthening of telomeres or ALT. However, TERRA and telR-loops compromise telomere integrity and cell viability if their levels are not finely tuned. The study of telomere transcription in ALT cells will enormously expand our understanding of the ALT mechanism and of how genome integrity is maintained. Moreover, telomere transcription, TERRA and telR-loops are likely to become exceptionally suited targets for the development of novel anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claus M Azzalin
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes (iMM), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
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17
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Selim MK, Harel M, De Santis S, Perini I, Sommer WH, Heilig M, Zangen A, Canals S. Repetitive deep TMS in alcohol dependent patients halts progression of white matter changes in early abstinence. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024; 78:176-185. [PMID: 38085120 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
AIM Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is the most prevalent form of addiction, with a great burden on society and limited treatment options. A recent clinical trial reported significant clinical benefits of deep transcranial magnetic stimulations (Deep TMS) targeting midline frontocortical areas. However, the underlying biological substrate remained elusive. Here, we report the effect of Deep TMS on the microstructure of white matter. METHODS A total of 37 (14 females) AUD treatment-seeking patients were randomized to sham or active Deep TMS. Twenty (six females) age-matched healthy controls were included. White matter integrity was evaluated by fractional anisotropy (FA). Secondary measures included brain functional connectivity and self-reports of craving and drinking units in the 3 months of follow-up period. RESULTS White matter integrity was compromised in patients with AUD relative to healthy controls, as reflected by the widespread reduction in FA. This alteration progressed during early abstinence (3 weeks) in the absence of Deep TMS. However, stimulation of midline frontocortical areas arrested the progression of FA changes in association with decreased craving and relapse scores. Reconstruction of axonal tracts from white-matter regions showing preserved FA values identified cortical regions in the posterior cingulate and dorsomedial prefrontal cortices where functional connectivity was persistently modulated. These effects were absent in the sham-stimulated group. CONCLUSIONS By integrating brain structure and function to characterize the alcohol-dependent brain, this study provides mechanistic insights into the TMS effect, pointing to myelin plasticity as a possible mediator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Kotb Selim
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain
| | - Maayan Harel
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva, Israel
- Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Silvia De Santis
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain
| | - Irene Perini
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Wolfgang H Sommer
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Department of Clinical Psychology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Markus Heilig
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Abraham Zangen
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva, Israel
- Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Santiago Canals
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain
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18
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Ammann C, Oliviero A, Obeso JA, Foffani G. Motor Cortex Disinhibition Is Not Associated with Freezing of Gait in Parkinson's Disease. Mov Disord 2024; 39:625-626. [PMID: 38178799 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Ammann
- HM CINAC (Centro Integral de Neurociencias Abarca Campal), Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, HM Hospitales, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences-HM Hospitales, University Camilo José Cela, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - José A Obeso
- HM CINAC (Centro Integral de Neurociencias Abarca Campal), Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, HM Hospitales, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guglielmo Foffani
- HM CINAC (Centro Integral de Neurociencias Abarca Campal), Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, HM Hospitales, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, Toledo, Spain
- CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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19
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Cedeno-Veloz B, Lozano-Vicario L, Rodríguez-García A, Zambom-Ferraresi F, Galbete A, Fernández-Irigoyen J, Santamaría E, García-Hermoso A, Calvani R, Ramírez-Vélez R, Izquierdo M, Martínez-Velilla N. Serum biomarkers related to frailty predict negative outcomes in older adults with hip fracture. J Endocrinol Invest 2024; 47:729-738. [PMID: 37603268 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02181-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hip fracture is a public health problem worldwide. Traditional prognostic models do not include blood biomarkers, such as those obtained by proteomics. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between serum inflammatory biomarkers and frailty in older adults with hip fracture as well as adverse outcomes at one and three months after discharge. METHODS A total of 45 patients aged 75 or older who were admitted for hip fracture were recruited. At admission, a Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) was conducted, which included a frailty assessment using the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS). Blood samples were collected before surgery. Participants were followed up at one and three months after discharge. The levels of 45 cytokines were analyzed using a high-throughput proteomic approach. Binary logistic regression was used to determine independent associations with outcomes, such as functional recovery, polypharmacy, hospital readmission, and mortality. RESULTS The results showed that IL-7 (OR 0.66 95% CI 0.46-0.94, p = 0.022) and CXCL-12 (OR 0.97 95% CI 0.95-0.99, p = 0.011) were associated with better functional recovery at three months after discharge, while CXCL-8 (OR 1.07 95% CI 1.01-1.14, p = 0.019) was associated with an increased risk of readmission. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that immunology biomarkers may represent useful predictors of clinical outcomes in hip fracture patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Cedeno-Veloz
- Geriatric Department, Navarre University Hospital (HUN), Irunlarrea 3, 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
- Navarrabiomed-Institute for Health Research of Navarra (IDISNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
- Public University of Navarre, Av Cataluña s/n, 31006, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
| | - L Lozano-Vicario
- Geriatric Department, Navarre University Hospital (HUN), Irunlarrea 3, 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
- Navarrabiomed-Institute for Health Research of Navarra (IDISNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
- Public University of Navarre, Av Cataluña s/n, 31006, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - A Rodríguez-García
- Geriatric Department, Navarre University Hospital (HUN), Irunlarrea 3, 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - F Zambom-Ferraresi
- Geriatric Department, Navarre University Hospital (HUN), Irunlarrea 3, 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
- Navarrabiomed-Institute for Health Research of Navarra (IDISNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
- Public University of Navarre, Av Cataluña s/n, 31006, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - A Galbete
- Public University of Navarre, Av Cataluña s/n, 31006, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - J Fernández-Irigoyen
- Navarrabiomed-Institute for Health Research of Navarra (IDISNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - E Santamaría
- Navarrabiomed-Institute for Health Research of Navarra (IDISNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - A García-Hermoso
- Navarrabiomed-Institute for Health Research of Navarra (IDISNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - R Calvani
- Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore and Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - R Ramírez-Vélez
- Navarrabiomed-Institute for Health Research of Navarra (IDISNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
- Public University of Navarre, Av Cataluña s/n, 31006, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Av Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Izquierdo
- Navarrabiomed-Institute for Health Research of Navarra (IDISNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
- Public University of Navarre, Av Cataluña s/n, 31006, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Av Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - N Martínez-Velilla
- Geriatric Department, Navarre University Hospital (HUN), Irunlarrea 3, 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
- Navarrabiomed-Institute for Health Research of Navarra (IDISNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
- Public University of Navarre, Av Cataluña s/n, 31006, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Av Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain
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20
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Amaral LJ, Jada SR, Ndjanfa AK, Carter JY, Abd-Elfarag G, Okaro S, Logora MY, Bol YY, Lakwo T, Fodjo JNS, Colebunders R. Impact of annual community-directed treatment with ivermectin on the incidence of epilepsy in Mvolo, a two-year prospective study. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024; 18:e0012059. [PMID: 38512994 PMCID: PMC10986994 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The potential impact of cumulative community-directed treatment with ivermectin (CDTI) on epilepsy epidemiology in Mvolo County, South Sudan, an onchocerciasis-endemic area with high epilepsy prevalence, was investigated. Annual CDTI was introduced in 2002 in Mvolo, with interruptions in 2016 and 2020. METHODS Comprehensive house-to-house surveys in Mvolo (June 2020 and 2022) identified cases of epilepsy, including probable nodding syndrome (pNS). Community workers screened households in selected sites for suspected epilepsy, and medical doctors confirmed the diagnosis and determined the year of seizure onset. The incidence of epilepsy, including pNS, was analysed using 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Data on ivermectin intake and onchocerciasis-associated manifestations (itching and blindness) were collected. RESULTS The surveys covered 15,755 (2020) and 15,092 (2022) individuals, identifying 809 (5.2%, 95% CI: 4.8-5.5%) and 672 (4.5%, 95% CI: 4.1-4.8%) epilepsy cases, respectively. Each survey reported that a third of the surveyed population experienced skin itching, and 3% were blind. Epilepsy incidence per 100,000 person-years gradually declined, from 326.5 (95% CI: 266.8-399.1) in 2013-2015 to 96.6 (95% CI: 65.5-141.7) in 2019-2021. Similarly, pNS incidence per 100,000 person-years decreased from 151.7 (95% CI: 112.7-203.4) to 27.0 (95% CI: 12.5-55.5). Coverage of CDTI was suboptimal, reaching only 64.0% of participants in 2019 and falling to 24.1% in 2021 following an interruption in 2020 due to COVID-19 restrictions. Additionally, while 99.4% of cases had active epilepsy in 2022, less than a quarter of these had access to antiseizure medication. CONCLUSIONS The observed decrease in epilepsy incidence despite suboptimal CDTI coverage highlights the potential impact of onchocerciasis control efforts and underscores the need to strengthen these efforts in Mvolo County and across South Sudan. As a proactive measure, Mvolo and neighbouring counties are transitioning to biannual CDTI. Furthermore, the substantial epilepsy treatment gap in Mvolo should be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Gasim Abd-Elfarag
- Amref Health Africa, South Sudan
- Access for Humanity, Juba, South Sudan
- School of Public Health, University of Juba, Juba, South Sudan
| | | | - Makoy Yibi Logora
- Neglected Tropical Diseases Unit, Ministry of Health, Juba, South Sudan
| | - Yak Yak Bol
- Neglected Tropical Diseases Unit, Ministry of Health, Juba, South Sudan
| | - Thomson Lakwo
- Vector Control Division, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda
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Fernández-Parejo N, Lorenzo-Martín LF, García-Pedrero JM, Rodrigo JP, Dosil M, Bustelo XR. VAV2 orchestrates the interplay between regenerative proliferation and ribogenesis in both keratinocytes and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4060. [PMID: 38374399 PMCID: PMC10876654 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54808-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
VAV2 is an activator of RHO GTPases that promotes and maintains regenerative proliferation-like states in normal keratinocytes and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells. Here, we demonstrate that VAV2 also regulates ribosome biogenesis in those cells, a program associated with poor prognosis of human papilloma virus-negative (HPV-) OSCC patients. Mechanistically, VAV2 regulates this process in a catalysis-dependent manner using a conserved pathway comprising the RAC1 and RHOA GTPases, the PAK and ROCK family kinases, and the c-MYC and YAP/TAZ transcription factors. This pathway directly promotes RNA polymerase I activity and synthesis of 47S pre-rRNA precursors. This process is further consolidated by the upregulation of ribosome biogenesis factors and the acquisition of the YAP/TAZ-dependent undifferentiated cell state. Finally, we show that RNA polymerase I is a therapeutic Achilles' heel for both keratinocytes and OSCC patient-derived cells endowed with high VAV2 catalytic activity. Collectively, these findings highlight the therapeutic potential of modulating VAV2 and the ribosome biogenesis pathways in both preneoplastic and late progression stages of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Fernández-Parejo
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular del Cáncer, CSIC and Universidad de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Francisco Lorenzo-Martín
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular del Cáncer, CSIC and Universidad de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Juana M García-Pedrero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33011, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Juan P Rodrigo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33011, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Mercedes Dosil
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular del Cáncer, CSIC and Universidad de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Xosé R Bustelo
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular del Cáncer, CSIC and Universidad de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
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22
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Padilla-Iglesias C, Derkx I. Hunter-gatherer genetics research: Importance and avenues. Evol Hum Sci 2024; 6:e15. [PMID: 38516374 PMCID: PMC10955370 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2024.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Major developments in the field of genetics in the past few decades have revolutionised notions of what it means to be human. Although currently only a few populations around the world practise a hunting and gathering lifestyle, this mode of subsistence has characterised members of our species since its very origins and allowed us to migrate across the planet. Therefore, the geographical distribution of hunter-gatherer populations, dependence on local ecosystems and connections to past populations and neighbouring groups have provided unique insights into our evolutionary origins. However, given the vulnerable status of hunter-gatherers worldwide, the development of the field of anthropological genetics requires that we reevaluate how we conduct research with these communities. Here, we review how the inclusion of hunter-gatherer populations in genetics studies has advanced our understanding of human origins, ancient population migrations and interactions as well as phenotypic adaptations and adaptability to different environments, and the important scientific and medical applications of these advancements. At the same time, we highlight the necessity to address yet unresolved questions and identify areas in which the field may benefit from improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Inez Derkx
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Fonte M, Teixeira C, Gomes P. Improved synthesis of antiplasmodial 4-aminoacridines and 4,9-diaminoacridines. RSC Adv 2024; 14:6253-6261. [PMID: 38375018 PMCID: PMC10875606 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra00091a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Acridines are one of the most important nitrogen-containing heterocycle systems and have many applications in the therapeutic field. However, the synthesis of acridine-based scaffolds is not always straightforward. Herein, we report the optimization of two multi-step synthetic routes towards 4,9-diaminoacridines and 4-aminoacridines, which have shown promising antiplasmodial properties. The improved synthesis pathways make use of greener, simpler, and more efficient methods, with less reaction steps and increased overall yields, which were doubled in some cases. These are impactful results towards future approaches to the chemical synthesis of acridine-based compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Fonte
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências Universidade do Porto Portugal
| | - Cátia Teixeira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências Universidade do Porto Portugal
| | - Paula Gomes
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências Universidade do Porto Portugal
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24
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Grigaitė U, Azeredo-Lopes S, Žeimė E, Slotkus PY, Heitmayer M, Aluh DO, Pedrosa B, Silva M, Santos-Dias M, Cardoso G, Caldas-de-Almeida JM. Prevalence and acceptability of psychological and/or economic intimate partner violence, and utilization of mental health services by its survivors in Lithuania. J Public Health (Oxf) 2024:fdae015. [PMID: 38336363 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdae015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lithuania has one of the highest averages in the European Union when it comes to psychological and/or economic intimate partner violence (PE-IPV). IPV survivors are several times more likely to have mental health conditions than those without IPV experiences. The aim of this article is to study the prevalence, characteristics and attitudes of PE-IPV survivors in Lithuania, and the predictors of them accessing mental health services. METHODS A cross-sectional study based on a national survey representative of the adult population. The survey was implemented by a third-party independent market research company employing an online survey panel. Logistic regression models were used in the analysis. RESULTS Almost 50% of women in Lithuania experience PE-IPV. Females are significantly more likely to experience it than males. The vast majority of women find PE-IPV unacceptable; however, only one-third of survivors seek any type of help. Only one-tenth approach mental health services, with divorcees being at higher odds of doing so. CONCLUSIONS Further research is needed to explore predictors and contextual factors of why IPV survivors seek mental healthcare, or not. Policy implications include the need to eliminate IPV and mental health stigma; develop accessible mental health services and effective treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugnė Grigaitė
- Lisbon Institute of Global Mental Health, Comprehensive Health Research Centre/NOVA Medical School, National School of Public Health, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Rua do Instituto Bacteriológico 5, Edifício Amarelo, 1150-190 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sofia Azeredo-Lopes
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1150-190 Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Statistics and Operational Research, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Eglė Žeimė
- Behavioural Lab LT, LT-14247 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Paulius Yamin Slotkus
- Paris Institute for Advanced Study, 75004 Paris, France
- Department of Psychological and Behavioural Science, London School of Economics and Political Science, London WC2A 2AE, UK
| | - Maxi Heitmayer
- Department of Psychological and Behavioural Science, London School of Economics and Political Science, London WC2A 2AE, UK
- London College of Fashion, University of the Arts London, London W1G 0BJ, UK
| | - Deborah Oyine Aluh
- Lisbon Institute of Global Mental Health, Comprehensive Health Research Centre/NOVA Medical School, National School of Public Health, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1150-190 Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, University of Nigeria Nsukka, 410105, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Bárbara Pedrosa
- Lisbon Institute of Global Mental Health, Comprehensive Health Research Centre/NOVA Medical School, National School of Public Health, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1150-190 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Manuela Silva
- Lisbon Institute of Global Mental Health, Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Nova Medical School, Nova University of Lisbon, 1150-190 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Margarida Santos-Dias
- Lisbon Institute of Global Mental Health, Comprehensive Health Research Centre/NOVA Medical School, National School of Public Health, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1150-190 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Graça Cardoso
- Lisbon Institute of Global Mental Health, Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Nova Medical School, Nova University of Lisbon, 1150-190 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - José Miguel Caldas-de-Almeida
- Lisbon Institute of Global Mental Health, Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Nova Medical School, Nova University of Lisbon, 1150-190 Lisboa, Portugal
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25
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Moens de Hase E, Neyrinck AM, Rodriguez J, Cnop M, Paquot N, Thissen JP, Xu Y, Beloqui A, Bindels LB, Delzenne NM, Van Hul M, Cani PD. Impact of metformin and Dysosmobacter welbionis on diet-induced obesity and diabetes: from clinical observation to preclinical intervention. Diabetologia 2024; 67:333-345. [PMID: 37897566 PMCID: PMC10789671 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-023-06032-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS We aimed to investigate the association between the abundance of Dysosmobacter welbionis, a commensal gut bacterium, and metabolic health in human participants with obesity and diabetes, and the influence of metformin treatment and prebiotic intervention. METHODS Metabolic variables were assessed and faecal samples were collected from 106 participants in a randomised controlled intervention with a prebiotic stratified by metformin treatment (Food4Gut trial). The abundance of D. welbionis was measured by quantitative PCR and correlated with metabolic markers. The in vitro effect of metformin on D. welbionis growth was evaluated and an in vivo study was performed in mice to investigate the effects of metformin and D. welbionis J115T supplementation, either alone or in combination, on metabolic variables. RESULTS D. welbionis abundance was unaffected by prebiotic treatment but was significantly higher in metformin-treated participants. Responders to prebiotic treatment had higher baseline D. welbionis levels than non-responders. D. welbionis was negatively correlated with aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and fasting blood glucose levels in humans with obesity and type 2 diabetes. In vitro, metformin had no direct effect on D. welbionis growth. In mice, D. welbionis J115T treatment reduced body weight gain and liver weight, and improved glucose tolerance to a better level than metformin, but did not have synergistic effects with metformin. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION D. welbionis abundance is influenced by metformin treatment and associated with prebiotic response, liver health and glucose metabolism in humans with obesity and diabetes. This study suggests that D. welbionis may play a role in metabolic health and warrants further investigation. CLINICAL TRIAL NCT03852069.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Moens de Hase
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), Brussels, Belgium
- WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Audrey M Neyrinck
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julie Rodriguez
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Miriam Cnop
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, and Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Paquot
- Laboratory of Diabetology, Nutrition and Metabolic Disease, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jean-Paul Thissen
- Pole of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yining Xu
- Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ana Beloqui
- WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
- Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laure B Bindels
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), Brussels, Belgium
- WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Nathalie M Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Matthias Van Hul
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), Brussels, Belgium.
- WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium.
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), Brussels, Belgium.
- WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium.
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), Brussels, Belgium.
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van Es SW, Muñoz-Gasca A, Romero-Campero FJ, González-Grandío E, de Los Reyes P, Tarancón C, van Dijk ADJ, van Esse W, Pascual-García A, Angenent GC, Immink RGH, Cubas P. A gene regulatory network critical for axillary bud dormancy directly controlled by Arabidopsis BRANCHED1. New Phytol 2024; 241:1193-1209. [PMID: 38009929 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor BRANCHED1 (BRC1) plays a pivotal role in the control of shoot branching as it integrates environmental and endogenous signals that influence axillary bud growth. Despite its remarkable activity as a growth inhibitor, the mechanisms by which BRC1 promotes bud dormancy are largely unknown. We determined the genome-wide BRC1 binding sites in vivo and combined these with transcriptomic data and gene co-expression analyses to identify bona fide BRC1 direct targets. Next, we integrated multi-omics data to infer the BRC1 gene regulatory network (GRN) and used graph theory techniques to find network motifs that control the GRN dynamics. We generated an open online tool to interrogate this network. A group of BRC1 target genes encoding transcription factors (BTFs) orchestrate this intricate transcriptional network enriched in abscisic acid-related components. Promoter::β-GLUCURONIDASE transgenic lines confirmed that BTFs are expressed in axillary buds. Transient co-expression assays and studies in planta using mutant lines validated the role of BTFs in modulating the GRN and promoting bud dormancy. This knowledge provides access to the developmental mechanisms that regulate shoot branching and helps identify candidate genes to use as tools to adapt plant architecture and crop production to ever-changing environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam W van Es
- Bioscience, Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Aitor Muñoz-Gasca
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J Romero-Campero
- Institute for Plant Biochemistry and Photosynthesis, Universidad de Sevilla - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Ave. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Seville, Spain
- Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Universidad de Sevilla, Ave. Reina Mercedes s/n, 41012, Seville, Spain
| | - Eduardo González-Grandío
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro de Los Reyes
- Institute for Plant Biochemistry and Photosynthesis, Universidad de Sevilla - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Ave. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Seville, Spain
| | - Carlos Tarancón
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aalt D J van Dijk
- Bioinformatics, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Wilma van Esse
- Bioscience, Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Alberto Pascual-García
- Department of Systems Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gerco C Angenent
- Bioscience, Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Richard G H Immink
- Bioscience, Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Pilar Cubas
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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27
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Perez-Carpena P, Lopez-Escamez JA, Gallego-Martinez Á. A Systematic Review on the Genetic Contribution to Tinnitus. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2024; 25:13-33. [PMID: 38334885 PMCID: PMC10907330 DOI: 10.1007/s10162-024-00925-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the available evidence to support a genetic contribution and define the role of common and rare variants in tinnitus. METHODS After a systematic search and quality assessment, 31 records including 383,063 patients were selected (14 epidemiological studies and 17 genetic association studies). General information on the sample size, age, sex, tinnitus prevalence, severe tinnitus distribution, and sensorineural hearing loss was retrieved. Studies that did not include data on hearing assessment were excluded. Relative frequencies were used for qualitative variables to compare different studies and to obtain average values. Genetic variants and genes were listed and clustered according to their potential role in tinnitus development. RESULTS The average prevalence of tinnitus estimated from population-based studies was 26.3% for any tinnitus, and 20% of patients with tinnitus reported it as an annoying symptom. One study has reported population-specific differences in the prevalence of tinnitus, the white ancestry being the population with a higher prevalence. Genome-wide association studies have identified and replicated two common variants in the Chinese population (rs2846071; rs4149577) in the intron of TNFRSF1A, associated with noise-induced tinnitus. Moreover, gene burden analyses in sequencing data from Spanish and Swede patients with severe tinnitus have identified and replicated ANK2, AKAP9, and TSC2 genes. CONCLUSIONS The genetic contribution to tinnitus is starting to be revealed and it shows population-specific effects in European and Asian populations. The common allelic variants associated with tinnitus that showed replication are associated with noise-induced tinnitus. Although severe tinnitus has been associated with rare variants with large effect, their role on hearing or hyperacusis has not been established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Perez-Carpena
- Otology and Neurotology Group CTS495, Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Ibs.GRANADA, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.
- Sensorineural Pathology Programme, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras, CIBERER, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Otolaryngology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, Hospital Universitario Virgen de Las Nieves, Granada, Spain.
| | - Jose A Lopez-Escamez
- Otology and Neurotology Group CTS495, Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Ibs.GRANADA, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.
- Sensorineural Pathology Programme, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras, CIBERER, Madrid, Spain.
- Meniere's Disease Neuroscience Research Program, Faculty of Medicine & Health, School of Medical Sciences, The Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Álvaro Gallego-Martinez
- Otology and Neurotology Group CTS495, Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Ibs.GRANADA, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Sensorineural Pathology Programme, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras, CIBERER, Madrid, Spain
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28
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De Keersmaecker J, Schmid K, Sibley CG, Osborne D. The association between political orientation and political knowledge in 45 nations. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2590. [PMID: 38297100 PMCID: PMC10831039 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53114-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Political knowledge is crucial for well-functioning democracies, with most scholars assuming that people at the political extremes are more knowledgeable than those at the center. Here, we adopt a data-driven approach to examine the relationship between political orientation and political knowledge by testing a series of polynomial curves in 45 countries (N = 63,544), spread over 6 continents. Contrary to the dominant perspective, we found no evidence that people at the political extremes are the most knowledgeable about politics. Rather, the most common pattern was a fourth-degree polynomial association in which those who are moderately left-wing and right-wing are more knowledgeable than people at the extremes and center of the political spectrum. This pattern was especially, though not exclusively, prevalent in Western countries. We conclude that the relationship between political orientation and political knowledge is more context-dependent and complex than assumed, and caution against (implicit) universal conclusions in social sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas De Keersmaecker
- Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
- Esade Business School, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Katharina Schmid
- Esade Business School, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
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29
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Alcalá S, Villarino L, Ruiz-Cañas L, Couceiro JR, Martínez-Calvo M, Palencia-Campos A, Navarro D, Cabezas-Sainz P, Rodriguez-Arabaolaza I, Cordero-Barreal A, Trilla-Fuertes L, Rubiolo JA, Batres-Ramos S, Vallespinos M, González-Páramos C, Rodríguez J, Gámez-Pozo A, Vara JÁF, Fernández SF, Berlinches AB, Moreno-Mata N, Redondo AMT, Carrato A, Hermann PC, Sánchez L, Torrente S, Fernández-Moreno MÁ, Mascareñas JL, Sainz B. Targeting cancer stem cell OXPHOS with tailored ruthenium complexes as a new anti-cancer strategy. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:33. [PMID: 38281027 PMCID: PMC10821268 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02931-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies by our group have shown that oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is the main pathway by which pancreatic cancer stem cells (CSCs) meet their energetic requirements; therefore, OXPHOS represents an Achille's heel of these highly tumorigenic cells. Unfortunately, therapies that target OXPHOS in CSCs are lacking. METHODS The safety and anti-CSC activity of a ruthenium complex featuring bipyridine and terpyridine ligands and one coordination labile position (Ru1) were evaluated across primary pancreatic cancer cultures and in vivo, using 8 patient-derived xenografts (PDXs). RNAseq analysis followed by mitochondria-specific molecular assays were used to determine the mechanism of action. RESULTS We show that Ru1 is capable of inhibiting CSC OXPHOS function in vitro, and more importantly, it presents excellent anti-cancer activity, with low toxicity, across a large panel of human pancreatic PDXs, as well as in colorectal cancer and osteosarcoma PDXs. Mechanistic studies suggest that this activity stems from Ru1 binding to the D-loop region of the mitochondrial DNA of CSCs, inhibiting OXPHOS complex-associated transcription, leading to reduced mitochondrial oxygen consumption, membrane potential, and ATP production, all of which are necessary for CSCs, which heavily depend on mitochondrial respiration. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the coordination complex Ru1 represents not only an exciting new anti-cancer agent, but also a molecular tool to dissect the role of OXPHOS in CSCs. Results indicating that the compound is safe, non-toxic and highly effective in vivo are extremely exciting, and have allowed us to uncover unprecedented mechanistic possibilities to fight different cancer types based on targeting CSC OXPHOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Alcalá
- Department of Biochemistry, Autónoma University of Madrid, School of Medicine and Department of Cancer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBm) Sols-Morreale (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer (BIOPAC) Group, Area 3 Cancer, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lara Villarino
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Laura Ruiz-Cañas
- Department of Biochemistry, Autónoma University of Madrid, School of Medicine and Department of Cancer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBm) Sols-Morreale (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer (BIOPAC) Group, Area 3 Cancer, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - José R Couceiro
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Miguel Martínez-Calvo
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Adrián Palencia-Campos
- Department of Biochemistry, Autónoma University of Madrid, School of Medicine and Department of Cancer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBm) Sols-Morreale (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer (BIOPAC) Group, Area 3 Cancer, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Navarro
- Department of Biochemistry, Autónoma University of Madrid, School of Medicine and Department of Cancer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBm) Sols-Morreale (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer (BIOPAC) Group, Area 3 Cancer, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Cabezas-Sainz
- Department of Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology, Veterinary Faculty, USC, Lugo, Spain
| | - Iker Rodriguez-Arabaolaza
- Department of Biochemistry, Autónoma University of Madrid, School of Medicine and Department of Cancer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBm) Sols-Morreale (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Facultad de Ciencia y Técnología, Universidad del País Vasco, 48940, Leioa (Bizkaia), Spain
| | - Alfonso Cordero-Barreal
- Department of Biochemistry, Autónoma University of Madrid, School of Medicine and Department of Cancer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBm) Sols-Morreale (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer (BIOPAC) Group, Area 3 Cancer, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucia Trilla-Fuertes
- Molecular Oncology and Pathology Lab, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular-INGEMM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
- Biomedica Molecular Medicine SL, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan A Rubiolo
- Department of Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology, Veterinary Faculty, USC, Lugo, Spain
| | - Sandra Batres-Ramos
- Department of Biochemistry, Autónoma University of Madrid, School of Medicine and Department of Cancer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBm) Sols-Morreale (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer (BIOPAC) Group, Area 3 Cancer, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mireia Vallespinos
- Department of Biochemistry, Autónoma University of Madrid, School of Medicine and Department of Cancer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBm) Sols-Morreale (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer (BIOPAC) Group, Area 3 Cancer, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina González-Páramos
- Department of Biochemistry, Autónoma University of Madrid, School of Medicine and Department of Cancer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBm) Sols-Morreale (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jéssica Rodríguez
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Angelo Gámez-Pozo
- Molecular Oncology and Pathology Lab, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular-INGEMM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
- Biomedica Molecular Medicine SL, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Ángel Fresno Vara
- Molecular Oncology and Pathology Lab, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular-INGEMM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Área Cáncer, CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Fra Fernández
- Servicio de Cirugía Torácica, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amparo Benito Berlinches
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer (BIOPAC) Group, Area 3 Cancer, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicolás Moreno-Mata
- Servicio de Cirugía Torácica, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Alfredo Carrato
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer (BIOPAC) Group, Area 3 Cancer, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Área Cáncer, CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Pancreatic Cancer Europe (PCE) Chairperson, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Laura Sánchez
- Department of Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology, Veterinary Faculty, USC, Lugo, Spain
| | - Susana Torrente
- Valuation, Transfer and Entrepreneurship Area, USC, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Fernández-Moreno
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry, Autónoma University of Madrid, School of Medicine and Department of Rare Diseases, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBm) Sols-Morreale (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - José L Mascareñas
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Bruno Sainz
- Department of Biochemistry, Autónoma University of Madrid, School of Medicine and Department of Cancer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIBm) Sols-Morreale (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain.
- Biomarkers and Personalized Approach to Cancer (BIOPAC) Group, Area 3 Cancer, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Área Cáncer, CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.
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Blanco-Sierra L, Savvidou EC, Mpakovasili ED, Ioannou CS, Bartumeus F, Papadopoulos NT. Effect of water salinity on immature performance and lifespan of adult Asian tiger mosquito. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:24. [PMID: 38238765 PMCID: PMC10797731 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-06069-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1894) is a vector for pathogens like dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses. Its adaptive capacity enables reproduction in temperate climates and development mainly in artificial containers with fresh water in urbanized areas. Nevertheless, breeding in coastal areas may also occur along with its aggressive invasiveness. Global warming and the consequent rise in sea levels will increase saline (> 30 ppt) or brackish (0.5-30 ppt salt) water in coastal regions. To address whether Ae. albopictus can breed in brackish water, we initiated the current study that analyses the survival of immature stages at different salinity concentrations and explores whether carryover effects occur in the resulting adults. This possible adaptation is important when considering the potential for development in new habitats and expansion of one of the world's most invasive species. METHODS We investigated the influence of salinity on the survival of Ae. albopictus larvae and adults under laboratory-controlled conditions. First instar larvae were exposed to different salinity concentrations (0 to 30 ppt) and their development time, pupation, adult emergence, and overall survival were monitored daily. We used Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression models to analyze the survival rates at different salinity levels. Furthermore, life tables were constructed under each salinity concentration. RESULTS Increasing salt concentrations significantly increased the mortality risk during immature development, while no significant effect was observed on adult mortality risk. A comparison between distilled and bottled water revealed a notable increase in overall mortality risk for individuals developing in distilled water. However, no significant effects were found when analyzing survival from the first larval stage to adult emergence and adult lifespan. The life expectancy of immature stages decreased with increasing salt concentrations, although salinity concentration did not significantly impact adult life expectancy. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that Ae. albopictus, previously considered freshwater species, can successfully develop and survive in brackish waters, even in the absence of characteristic structures found in euryhaline species. These adaptations may enable Ae. albopictus to establish new breeding sites and colonize unexplored territories. Knowledge of these physiological adaptations of Ae. albopictus to salinity should be pursued to increase the range of control of the species, and to make more accurate predictions of its dispersal and vectoring ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Blanco-Sierra
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Carrer d'Accés Cala Sant Francesc, 17300, Blanes, Girona, Spain.
| | - Eleni C Savvidou
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Str, 38446, Nea Ionia, Magnesia, Greece
| | - Evangelia D Mpakovasili
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Str, 38446, Nea Ionia, Magnesia, Greece
| | - Charalampos S Ioannou
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Str, 38446, Nea Ionia, Magnesia, Greece
| | - Frederic Bartumeus
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Carrer d'Accés Cala Sant Francesc, 17300, Blanes, Girona, Spain
- ICREA, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Passeig de Lluís Companys, 23, 08010, Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CREAF, Ecological and Forestry Applications Research Centre, Campus de Bellaterra (UAB), 08193, Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nikos T Papadopoulos
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Str, 38446, Nea Ionia, Magnesia, Greece
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31
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Díez-Vives C, Riesgo A. High compositional and functional similarity in the microbiome of deep-sea sponges. ISME J 2024; 18:wrad030. [PMID: 38365260 PMCID: PMC10837836 DOI: 10.1093/ismejo/wrad030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Sponges largely depend on their symbiotic microbes for their nutrition, health, and survival. This is especially true in high microbial abundance (HMA) sponges, where filtration is usually deprecated in favor of a larger association with prokaryotic symbionts. Sponge-microbiome association is substantially less understood for deep-sea sponges than for shallow water species. This is most unfortunate, since HMA sponges can form massive sponge grounds in the deep sea, where they dominate the ecosystems, driving their biogeochemical cycles. Here, we assess the microbial transcriptional profile of three different deep-sea HMA sponges in four locations of the Cantabrian Sea and compared them to shallow water HMA and LMA (low microbial abundance) sponge species. Our results reveal that the sponge microbiome has converged in a fundamental metabolic role for deep-sea sponges, independent of taxonomic relationships or geographic location, which is shared in broad terms with shallow HMA species. We also observed a large number of redundant microbial members performing the same functions, likely providing stability to the sponge inner ecosystem. A comparison between the community composition of our deep-sea sponges and another 39 species of HMA sponges from deep-sea and shallow habitats, belonging to the same taxonomic orders, suggested strong homogeneity in microbial composition (i.e. weak species-specificity) in deep sea species, which contrasts with that observed in shallow water counterparts. This convergence in microbiome composition and functionality underscores the adaptation to an extremely restrictive environment with the aim of exploiting the available resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Díez-Vives
- Department of Systems Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, c/ Darwin, 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Riesgo
- Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom
- Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), c/José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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Collignon A, Dion-Albert L, Ménard C, Coelho-Santos V. Sex, hormones and cerebrovascular function: from development to disorder. Fluids Barriers CNS 2024; 21:2. [PMID: 38178239 PMCID: PMC10768274 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-023-00496-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Proper cerebrovascular development and neurogliovascular unit assembly are essential for brain growth and function throughout life, ensuring the continuous supply of nutrients and oxygen. This involves crucial events during pre- and postnatal stages through key pathways, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Wnt signaling. These pathways are pivotal for brain vascular growth, expansion, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) maturation. Interestingly, during fetal and neonatal life, cerebrovascular formation coincides with the early peak activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, supporting the idea of sex hormonal influence on cerebrovascular development and barriergenesis.Sex hormonal dysregulation in early development has been implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders with highly sexually dimorphic features, such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Both disorders show higher prevalence in men, with varying symptoms between sexes, with boys exhibiting more externalizing behaviors, such as aggressivity or hyperactivity, and girls displaying higher internalizing behaviors, including anxiety, depression, or attention disorders. Indeed, ASD and ADHD are linked to high prenatal testosterone exposure and reduced aromatase expression, potentially explaining sex differences in prevalence and symptomatology. In line with this, high estrogen levels seem to attenuate ADHD symptoms. At the cerebrovascular level, sex- and region-specific variations of cerebral blood flow perfusion have been reported in both conditions, indicating an impact of gonadal hormones on the brain vascular system, disrupting its ability to respond to neuronal demands.This review aims to provide an overview of the existing knowledge concerning the impact of sex hormones on cerebrovascular formation and maturation, as well as the onset of neurodevelopmental disorders. Here, we explore the concept of gonadal hormone interactions with brain vascular and BBB development to function, with a particular focus on the modulation of VEGF and Wnt signaling. We outline how these pathways may be involved in the underpinnings of ASD and ADHD. Outstanding questions and potential avenues for future research are highlighted, as uncovering sex-specific physiological and pathological aspects of brain vascular development might lead to innovative therapeutic approaches in the context of ASD, ADHD and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeline Collignon
- Department of Psychiatry & Neuroscience and CERVO Brain Research Center, Universite Laval, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Laurence Dion-Albert
- Department of Psychiatry & Neuroscience and CERVO Brain Research Center, Universite Laval, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Caroline Ménard
- Department of Psychiatry & Neuroscience and CERVO Brain Research Center, Universite Laval, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Vanessa Coelho-Santos
- Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Coimbra, Portugal.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Institute of Physiology, Coimbra, Portugal.
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Lucana MC, Lucchi R, Gosselet F, Díaz-Perlas C, Oller-Salvia B. BrainBike peptidomimetic enables efficient transport of proteins across brain endothelium. RSC Chem Biol 2024; 5:7-11. [PMID: 38179197 PMCID: PMC10763564 DOI: 10.1039/d3cb00194f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein therapeutics cannot reach the brain in sufficient amounts because of their low permeability across the blood-brain barrier. Here we report a new family of bicyclic peptide shuttles, BrainBikes, capable of increasing transport of proteins, including antibody derivatives, in a human cell-based model of the blood-brain barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Lucana
- Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS), Universitat Ramon Llull Barcelona 08017 Spain
| | - Roberta Lucchi
- Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS), Universitat Ramon Llull Barcelona 08017 Spain
| | - Fabien Gosselet
- Université d'Artois, Blood-Brain Barrier Laboratory Lens 62300 France
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Rodriguez-Rodriguez C, González-Mancha N, Ochoa-Echeverría A, Liébana R, Merida I. Partial loss of Sorting Nexin 27 resembles age- and Down syndrome-associated T cell dysfunctions. Immun Ageing 2024; 21:2. [PMID: 38166948 PMCID: PMC10759489 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-023-00402-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sorting Nexin 27 (SNX27)-retromer complex facilitates cargo recycling from endosomes to the plasma membrane. SNX27 downregulation in neurons, as the result of Trisomy 21 (T21), has been linked with cognitive deficits due to impairment of AMPA and NMDA receptor recycling. Studies in human T cell lines likewise demonstrated that SNX27 regulates the correct delivery of cargoes to the immune synapse limiting the activation of pro-inflammatory pathways. Nevertheless, the physiological consequences of partial SNX27 loss in T cell homeostasis are still unclear. RESULTS In this study, we have explored the consequences of T cell specific partial SNX27 downregulation in mice. T cells with partial SNX27 deficiency show a marked deficit in the CD4+ T cell pool, a hallmark of aging in mice and humans, and a well-characterized comorbidity of individuals with Down syndrome (DS). When analyzed ex vivo, CD4+ T cells with partial SNX27 deletion demonstrate enhanced proliferation but diminished IL-2 production. In contrast, the CD8+ population show enhanced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and lytic enzymes. CONCLUSIONS This mouse model supports the relevance of SNX27 in the organization of the immune synapse, previously described in cell lines, as well as in the control of T cell homeostasis. Individuals with DS experiment an acceleration of the aging process, which particularly affects the immune and central nervous systems. Thus, we hypothesize that reduced SNX27 expression in DS could contribute to the dysregulation of these systems and further research in SNX27 will shed light on the molecular factors underlying the phenotypes observed in people with DS and its contribution to aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Rodriguez-Rodriguez
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Spanish National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), UAM Campus de Cantoblanco, Darwin 3, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia González-Mancha
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Spanish National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), UAM Campus de Cantoblanco, Darwin 3, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ane Ochoa-Echeverría
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Spanish National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), UAM Campus de Cantoblanco, Darwin 3, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Liébana
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Spanish National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), UAM Campus de Cantoblanco, Darwin 3, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Merida
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Spanish National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), UAM Campus de Cantoblanco, Darwin 3, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
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Lapiedra O, Morales N, Yang LH, Fernández-Bellon D, Michaelides SN, Giery ST, Piovia-Scott J, Schoener TW, Kolbe JJ, Losos JB. Predator-driven behavioural shifts in a common lizard shape resource-flow from marine to terrestrial ecosystems. Ecol Lett 2024; 27:e14335. [PMID: 37972585 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Foraging decisions shape the structure of food webs. Therefore, a behavioural shift in a single species can potentially modify resource-flow dynamics of entire ecosystems. To examine this, we conducted a field experiment to assess foraging niche dynamics of semi-arboreal brown anole lizards in the presence/absence of predatory ground-dwelling curly-tailed lizards in a replicated set of island ecosystems. One year after experimental translocation, brown anoles exposed to these predators had drastically increased perch height and reduced consumption of marine-derived food resources. This foraging niche shift altered marine-to-terrestrial resource-flow dynamics and persisted in the diets of the first-generation offspring. Furthermore, female lizards that displayed more risk-taking behaviours consumed more marine prey on islands with predators present. Our results show how predator-driven rapid behavioural shifts can alter food-web connectivity between oceanic and terrestrial ecosystems and underscore the importance of studying behaviour-mediated niche shifts to understand ecosystem functioning in rapidly changing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriol Lapiedra
- CREAF, Edifici C Campus de Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Valles, Spain
- Museum of Comparative Zoology and Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nina Morales
- Museum of Comparative Zoology and Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Louie H Yang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Darío Fernández-Bellon
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Science (BEES), University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Sean T Giery
- Department of Biology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA
| | - Jonah Piovia-Scott
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Vancouver, Washington, USA
| | - Thomas W Schoener
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Jason J Kolbe
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Jonathan B Losos
- Department of Biology, Washington University of St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Fernández‐Pena A, Navas‐Sánchez FJ, de Blas DM, Marcos‐Vidal L, Desco M, Carmona S. Previous pregnancies might mitigate cortical brain differences associated with surgical menopause. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26538. [PMID: 38063284 PMCID: PMC10789212 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Surgical menopause causes a sharp drop in estrogen levels in middle-aged women, thus preventing the gradual physiological adaptation that is characteristic of the perimenopause. Previous studies suggest that surgical menopause might increase the risk of dementia later in life. In addition, the transition to motherhood entails long-lasting endocrine and neuronal adaptations. We compared differences in whole-brain cortical volume between women who reached menopause by surgery and a group of women who reached spontaneous non-surgical menopause and determined whether these cortical differences were influenced by previous childbearing. Using surface-based neuroimaging techniques, we investigated cortical volume differences in 201 middle-aged women (134 women who experienced non-surgical menopause, 78 of whom were parous women; and 67 women who experienced surgical menopause, 39 of whom were parous women). We found significant atrophy in the frontal and temporal regions in women who experienced surgical menopause. Nulliparous women with surgical menopause showed significant lower cortical volume in the left temporal gyrus extending to the medial temporal lobe cortex, as well as in the precuneus bilaterally compared to parous women with surgical menopause; whereas our results revealed no significant differences between parous women with surgical menopause and both parous and nulliparous women who reached a non-surgical menopause. Furthermore, in the surgical menopause group, we found a negative correlation between cortical volume and age at first pregnancy in the temporal lobe. Our study suggests that the long-term brain remodeling of parity may mitigate the neural impact of the sudden drop in estrogen levels that characterizes surgical menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Fernández‐Pena
- Departamento de BioingenieríaUniversidad Carlos III de MadridMadridSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio MarañónMadridSpain
- CIBER de Salud MentalInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | | | - Daniel Martín de Blas
- Departamento de BioingenieríaUniversidad Carlos III de MadridMadridSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio MarañónMadridSpain
- CIBER de Salud MentalInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Luis Marcos‐Vidal
- Departamento de BioingenieríaUniversidad Carlos III de MadridMadridSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio MarañónMadridSpain
- CIBER de Salud MentalInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Manuel Desco
- Departamento de BioingenieríaUniversidad Carlos III de MadridMadridSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio MarañónMadridSpain
- CIBER de Salud MentalInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC)MadridSpain
| | - Susanna Carmona
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio MarañónMadridSpain
- CIBER de Salud MentalInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
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Blanco-Cabra N, Alcàcer-Almansa J, Admella J, Arévalo-Jaimes BV, Torrents E. Nanomedicine against biofilm infections: A roadmap of challenges and limitations. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2024; 16:e1944. [PMID: 38403876 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Microbial biofilms are complex three-dimensional structures where sessile microbes are embedded in a polymeric extracellular matrix. Their resistance toward the host immune system as well as to a diverse range of antimicrobial treatments poses a serious health and development threat, being in the top 10 global public health threats declared by the World Health Organization. In an effort to combat biofilm-related microbial infections, several strategies have been developed to independently eliminate biofilms or to complement conventional antibiotic therapies. However, their limitations leave room for other treatment alternatives, where the application of nanotechnology to biofilm eradication has gained significant relevance in recent years. Their small size, penetration efficiency, and the design flexibility that they present makes them a promising alternative for biofilm infection treatment, although they also present set-backs. This review aims to describe the main possibilities and limitations of nanomedicine against biofilms, while covering the main aspects of biofilm formation and study, and the current therapies for biofilm treatment. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease Toxicology and Regulatory Issues in Nanomedicine > Toxicology of Nanomaterials Toxicology and Regulatory Issues in Nanomedicine > Regulatory and Policy Issues in Nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Blanco-Cabra
- Bacterial Infections and Antimicrobial Therapy Group (BIAT), Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Microbiology Section, Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Júlia Alcàcer-Almansa
- Bacterial Infections and Antimicrobial Therapy Group (BIAT), Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Microbiology Section, Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joana Admella
- Bacterial Infections and Antimicrobial Therapy Group (BIAT), Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Microbiology Section, Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Betsy Verónica Arévalo-Jaimes
- Bacterial Infections and Antimicrobial Therapy Group (BIAT), Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Microbiology Section, Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Torrents
- Bacterial Infections and Antimicrobial Therapy Group (BIAT), Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Microbiology Section, Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Sortino R, Cunquero M, Castro-Olvera G, Gelabert R, Moreno M, Riefolo F, Matera C, Fernàndez-Castillo N, Agnetta L, Decker M, Lluch JM, Hernando J, Loza-Alvarez P, Gorostiza P. Three-Photon Infrared Stimulation of Endogenous Neuroreceptors in Vivo. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202311181. [PMID: 37823736 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
To interrogate neural circuits and crack their codes, in vivo brain activity imaging must be combined with spatiotemporally precise stimulation in three dimensions using genetic or pharmacological specificity. This challenge requires deep penetration and focusing as provided by infrared light and multiphoton excitation, and has promoted two-photon photopharmacology and optogenetics. However, three-photon brain stimulation in vivo remains to be demonstrated. We report the regulation of neuronal activity in zebrafish larvae by three-photon excitation of a photoswitchable muscarinic agonist at 50 pM, a billion-fold lower concentration than used for uncaging, and with mid-infrared light of 1560 nm, the longest reported photoswitch wavelength. Robust, physiologically relevant photoresponses allow modulating brain activity in wild-type animals with spatiotemporal and pharmacological precision. Computational calculations predict that azobenzene-based ligands have high three-photon absorption cross-section and can be used directly with pulsed infrared light. The expansion of three-photon pharmacology will deeply impact basic neurobiology and neuromodulation phototherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalba Sortino
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER-BBN, ISCIII, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Cunquero
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860, Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Gustavo Castro-Olvera
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860, Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Ricard Gelabert
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Miquel Moreno
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Fabio Riefolo
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER-BBN, ISCIII, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Current address: Teamit Institute, Partnerships, Barcelona Health Hub, 08025, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlo Matera
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER-BBN, ISCIII, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Current address: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Noèlia Fernàndez-Castillo
- CIBER-BBN, ISCIII, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Biomedicina de la, Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), 08950, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Luca Agnetta
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University of Würzburg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michael Decker
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University of Würzburg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - José M Lluch
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina (IBB), UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Jordi Hernando
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Pablo Loza-Alvarez
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860, Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Pau Gorostiza
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER-BBN, ISCIII, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Catalan Institution of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08010, Barcelona, Spain
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Peixoto MC, Castro NF, Crispim Romão M, Oliveira MGJ, Ochoa I. Fitting a collider in a quantum computer: tackling the challenges of quantum machine learning for big datasets. Front Artif Intell 2023; 6:1268852. [PMID: 38162833 PMCID: PMC10755015 DOI: 10.3389/frai.2023.1268852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Current quantum systems have significant limitations affecting the processing of large datasets with high dimensionality, typical of high energy physics. In the present paper, feature and data prototype selection techniques were studied to tackle this challenge. A grid search was performed and quantum machine learning models were trained and benchmarked against classical shallow machine learning methods, trained both in the reduced and the complete datasets. The performance of the quantum algorithms was found to be comparable to the classical ones, even when using large datasets. Sequential Backward Selection and Principal Component Analysis techniques were used for feature's selection and while the former can produce the better quantum machine learning models in specific cases, it is more unstable. Additionally, we show that such variability in the results is caused by the use of discrete variables, highlighting the suitability of Principal Component analysis transformed data for quantum machine learning applications in the high energy physics context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Caçador Peixoto
- LIP—Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, Escola de Ciências, Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Nuno Filipe Castro
- LIP—Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, Escola de Ciências, Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal
- Departamento de Física, Escola de Ciências, Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Miguel Crispim Romão
- LIP—Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, Escola de Ciências, Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Gabriela Jordão Oliveira
- LIP—Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, Escola de Ciências, Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Inês Ochoa
- LIP—Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, Lisbon, Portugal
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Griffee MJ, Thomson DA, Fanning J, Rosenberger D, Barnett A, White NM, Suen J, Fraser JF, Li Bassi G, Cho SM. Race and ethnicity in the COVID-19 Critical Care Consortium: demographics, treatments, and outcomes, an international observational registry study. Int J Equity Health 2023; 22:260. [PMID: 38087346 PMCID: PMC10717789 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-023-02051-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improving access to healthcare for ethnic minorities is a public health priority in many countries, yet little is known about how to incorporate information on race, ethnicity, and related social determinants of health into large international studies. Most studies of differences in treatments and outcomes of COVID-19 associated with race and ethnicity are from single cities or countries. METHODS We present the breadth of race and ethnicity reported for patients in the COVID-19 Critical Care Consortium, an international observational cohort study from 380 sites across 32 countries. Patients from the United States, Australia, and South Africa were the focus of an analysis of treatments and in-hospital mortality stratified by race and ethnicity. Inclusion criteria were admission to intensive care for acute COVID-19 between January 14th, 2020, and February 15, 2022. Measurements included demographics, comorbidities, disease severity scores, treatments for organ failure, and in-hospital mortality. RESULTS Seven thousand three hundred ninety-four adults met the inclusion criteria. There was a wide variety of race and ethnicity designations. In the US, American Indian or Alaska Natives frequently received dialysis and mechanical ventilation and had the highest mortality. In Australia, organ failure scores were highest for Aboriginal/First Nations persons. The South Africa cohort ethnicities were predominantly Black African (50%) and Coloured* (28%). All patients in the South Africa cohort required mechanical ventilation. Mortality was highest for South Africa (68%), lowest for Australia (15%), and 30% in the US. CONCLUSIONS Disease severity was higher for Indigenous ethnicity groups in the US and Australia than for other ethnicities. Race and ethnicity groups with longstanding healthcare disparities were found to have high acuity from COVID-19 and high mortality. Because there is no global system of race and ethnicity classification, researchers designing case report forms for international studies should consider including related information, such as socioeconomic status or migration background. *Note: "Coloured" is an official, contemporary government census category of South Africa and is a term of self-identification of race and ethnicity of many citizens of South Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Griffee
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, 30 N Mario Capecchi Drive, HELIX Tower 5N100, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
| | - David A Thomson
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Division of Critical Care, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jonathon Fanning
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Adrian Barnett
- Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation and Centre for Healthcare Transformation, School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Nicole M White
- Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation and Centre for Healthcare Transformation, School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jacky Suen
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - John F Fraser
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation and Centre for Healthcare Transformation, School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- St Andrew's War Memorial Hospital, UnitingCare, Spring Hill, QLD, Australia
| | - Gianluigi Li Bassi
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- St Andrew's War Memorial Hospital, UnitingCare, Spring Hill, QLD, Australia
- Wesley Medical Research Foundation, Auchenflower, QLD, Australia
- Wesley Hospital, Spring Hill, Auchenflower, QLD, Australia
- Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sung-Min Cho
- Departments of Neurology, Surgery, Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Piazza G, Kalashnikova M, Martin CD. Phonetic accommodation in non-native directed speech supports L2 word learning and pronunciation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21282. [PMID: 38042906 PMCID: PMC10693623 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48648-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study assessed whether Non-native Directed Speech (NNDS) facilitates second language (L2) learning, specifically L2 word learning and production. Spanish participants (N = 50) learned novel English words, presented either in NNDS or Native-Directed Speech (NDS), in two tasks: Recognition and Production. Recognition involved matching novel objects to their labels produced in NNDS or NDS. Production required participants to pronounce these objects' labels. The novel words contained English vowel contrasts, which approximated Spanish vowel categories more (/i-ɪ/) or less (/ʌ-æ/). Participants in the NNDS group exhibited faster recognition of novel words, improved learning, and produced the /i-ɪ/ contrast with greater distinctiveness in comparison to the NDS group. Participants' ability to discriminate the target vowel contrasts was also assessed before and after the tasks, with no improvement detected in the two groups. These findings support the didactic assumption of NNDS, indicating the relevance of the phonetic adaptations in this register for successful L2 acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Piazza
- Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language (BCBL), Mikeletegi Pasealekua, 69, 20009, Donostia-San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa, Spain.
| | - Marina Kalashnikova
- Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language (BCBL), Mikeletegi Pasealekua, 69, 20009, Donostia-San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Clara D Martin
- Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language (BCBL), Mikeletegi Pasealekua, 69, 20009, Donostia-San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
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42
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Pedraz L, Torrents E. An easy method for quantification of anaerobic and microaerobic gene expression with fluorescent reporter proteins. Biotechniques 2023; 75:250-255. [PMID: 37880975 DOI: 10.2144/btn-2023-0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorescent proteins, such as green fluorescent proteins, are invaluable tools for detecting and quantifying gene expression in high-throughput reporter gene assays. However, they introduce significant inaccuracies in studies involving microaerobiosis or anaerobiosis, as oxygen is required for the maturation of these proteins' chromophores. In this study, the authors highlight the errors incurred by using fluorescent proteins under limited oxygenation by comparing standard fluorescence-based reporter gene assays to quantitative real-time PCR data in the study of a complex oxygen-regulated gene network. Furthermore, a solution to perform quantification of anaerobic and microaerobic gene expression with fluorescent reporter proteins using a microplate reader with an oxygen control system and applying pulses of full oxygenation before fluorescence measurements is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Pedraz
- Bacterial Infections & Antimicrobial Therapies Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science & Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Present address: Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of British Columbia (UBC), Lower Mall Research Station, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Eduard Torrents
- Bacterial Infections & Antimicrobial Therapies Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science & Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Microbiology Section, Department of Genetics, Microbiology & Statistics, University of Barcelona, 643 Diagonal Avenue, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
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Lázaro-Gorines R, Pérez P, Heras-Murillo I, Adán-Barrientos I, Albericio G, Astorgano D, Flores S, Luczkowiak J, Labiod N, Harwood SL, Segura-Tudela A, Rubio-Pérez L, Nugraha Y, Shang X, Li Y, Alfonso C, Adipietro KA, Abeyawardhane DL, Navarro R, Compte M, Yu W, MacKerell AD, Sanz L, Weber DJ, Blanco FJ, Esteban M, Pozharski E, Godoy-Ruiz R, Muñoz IG, Delgado R, Sancho D, García-Arriaza J, Álvarez-Vallina L. Dendritic Cell-Mediated Cross-Priming by a Bispecific Neutralizing Antibody Boosts Cytotoxic T Cell Responses and Protects Mice against SARS-CoV-2. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2304818. [PMID: 37863812 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Administration of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) has proved to be effective by providing immediate protection against SARS-CoV-2. However, dual strategies combining virus neutralization and immune response stimulation to enhance specific cytotoxic T cell responses, such as dendritic cell (DC) cross-priming, represent a promising field but have not yet been explored. Here, a broadly nAb, TNT , are first generated by grafting an anti-RBD biparatopic tandem nanobody onto a trimerbody scaffold. Cryo-EM data show that the TNT structure allows simultaneous binding to all six RBD epitopes, demonstrating a high-avidity neutralizing interaction. Then, by C-terminal fusion of an anti-DNGR-1 scFv to TNT , the bispecific trimerbody TNT DNGR-1 is generated to target neutralized virions to type 1 conventional DCs (cDC1s) and promote T cell cross-priming. Therapeutic administration of TNT DNGR-1, but not TNT , protects K18-hACE2 mice from a lethal SARS-CoV-2 infection, boosting virus-specific humoral responses and CD8+ T cell responses. These results further strengthen the central role of interactions with immune cells in the virus-neutralizing antibody activity and demonstrate the therapeutic potential of the Fc-free strategy that can be used advantageously to provide both immediate and long-term protection against SARS-CoV-2 and other viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Lázaro-Gorines
- Cancer Immunotherapy Unit (UNICA), Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, 28041, Spain
- Immuno-Oncology and Immunotherapy Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, 28041, Spain
- H12O-CNIO Cancer Immunotherapy Clinical Research Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Patricia Pérez
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Ignacio Heras-Murillo
- Immunobiology lab, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Irene Adán-Barrientos
- Immunobiology lab, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Guillermo Albericio
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - David Astorgano
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Sara Flores
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Joanna Luczkowiak
- Virology and HIV/AIDS Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, 28041, Spain
| | - Nuria Labiod
- Virology and HIV/AIDS Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, 28041, Spain
| | - Seandean L Harwood
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics - Protein Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 80000, Denmark
| | - Alejandro Segura-Tudela
- Cancer Immunotherapy Unit (UNICA), Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, 28041, Spain
- Immuno-Oncology and Immunotherapy Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, 28041, Spain
- H12O-CNIO Cancer Immunotherapy Clinical Research Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Laura Rubio-Pérez
- Cancer Immunotherapy Unit (UNICA), Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, 28041, Spain
- Immuno-Oncology and Immunotherapy Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, 28041, Spain
- H12O-CNIO Cancer Immunotherapy Clinical Research Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), Madrid, 28029, Spain
- Chair for Immunology UFV/Merck, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria (UFV), Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, 28223, Spain
| | - Yudhi Nugraha
- Protein Crystallography Unit, Structural Biology Programme, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Xiaoran Shang
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Yuxing Li
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- The Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Carlos Alfonso
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Kaylin A Adipietro
- The Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Dinendra L Abeyawardhane
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
- The Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Rocío Navarro
- Department of Antibody Engineering, Leadartis SL, Tres Cantos, Madrid, 28002, Spain
| | - Marta Compte
- Department of Antibody Engineering, Leadartis SL, Tres Cantos, Madrid, 28002, Spain
| | - Wenbo Yu
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Alexander D MacKerell
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
- Computer Aided Drug Design Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics (CBT), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Laura Sanz
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Majadahonda, Madrid, 28220, Spain
| | - David J Weber
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
- The Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Francisco J Blanco
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Mariano Esteban
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Edwin Pozharski
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
- The Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Raquel Godoy-Ruiz
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
- The Center for Biomolecular Therapeutics, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Inés G Muñoz
- Protein Crystallography Unit, Structural Biology Programme, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Rafael Delgado
- Virology and HIV/AIDS Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, 28041, Spain
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, 28041, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - David Sancho
- Immunobiology lab, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Juan García-Arriaza
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Luis Álvarez-Vallina
- Cancer Immunotherapy Unit (UNICA), Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, 28041, Spain
- Immuno-Oncology and Immunotherapy Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, 28041, Spain
- H12O-CNIO Cancer Immunotherapy Clinical Research Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), Madrid, 28029, Spain
- Chair for Immunology UFV/Merck, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria (UFV), Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, 28223, Spain
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Lamparelli DH, Villar-Yanez A, Dittrich L, Rintjema J, Bravo F, Bo C, Kleij AW. Bicyclic Guanidine Promoted Mechanistically Divergent Depolymerization and Recycling of a Biobased Polycarbonate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202314659. [PMID: 37934031 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
We here report the organocatalytic and temperature-controlled depolymerization of biobased poly(limonene carbonate) providing access to its trans-configured cyclic carbonate as the major product. The base TBD (1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene) offers a unique opportunity to break down polycarbonates via end-group activation or main chain scission pathways as supported by various controls and computational analysis. These energetically competitive processes represent an unprecedented divergent approach to polycarbonate recycling. The trans limonene carbonate can be converted back to its polycarbonate via ring-opening polymerization using the same organocatalyst in the presence of an alcohol initiator, offering thus a potential circular and practical route for polycarbonate recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H Lamparelli
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ-Cerca), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Alba Villar-Yanez
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ-Cerca), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica/, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Marcel⋅lí Domingo s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Lorenz Dittrich
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ-Cerca), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jeroen Rintjema
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ-Cerca), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Fernando Bravo
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ-Cerca), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Carles Bo
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ-Cerca), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica/, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Marcel⋅lí Domingo s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Arjan W Kleij
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ-Cerca), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Catalan Institute of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
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Naimovičius L, Radiunas E, Dapkevičius M, Bharmoria P, Moth-Poulsen K, Kazlauskas K. The statistical probability factor in triplet mediated photon upconversion: a case study with perylene. J Mater Chem C Mater 2023; 11:14826-14832. [PMID: 38013844 PMCID: PMC10621484 DOI: 10.1039/d3tc03158f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Triplet-triplet annihilation photon upconversion (TTA-UC) is a process where two low-energy photons are converted into one higher-energy photon. A crucial component for an efficient upconversion process is the statistical probability factor (f), defined as the probability of the formation of a high-energy singlet state upon coupling of two low-energy triplet states. Theoretically, f depends on the energy level distribution, molecular orientation, inter-triplet exchange coupling of triplet dyads, and spin-mixing of resulting spin states (singlet, triplet, and quintet). However, experimental values of f for acene-based annihilators have been subject to large variations due to many factors that have resulted in the reporting of different f values for the same molecule. In this work, we discuss these factors by studying perylene as a case study annihilator, for which by far the largest variation in f = 16 to 100% has been reported. We systematically investigated the TTA-UC of PdTPBP:perylene, as a sensitizer-annihilator pair and obtained the experimental f = 17.9 ± 2.1% for perylene in THF solution. This limits the maximum TTA-UC quantum yield to 9.0% (out of 50%) for this annihilator. We found that such a low f value for perylene is largely governed by the energy-gap law where higher non-radiative losses due to the small energy gap between 2 × T1 and T2 affect the probability of singlet formation. Interestingly, we found this observation true for other acene-based annihilators whose emission ranges from the UV to the yellow region, thus providing a blueprint for future design of efficient TTA-UC systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Naimovičius
- Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC Bellaterra Barcelona 08193 Spain
- Institute of Photonics and Nanotechnology, Vilnius University Saulėtekio Av. 3 LT-10257 Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Edvinas Radiunas
- Institute of Photonics and Nanotechnology, Vilnius University Saulėtekio Av. 3 LT-10257 Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Manvydas Dapkevičius
- Institute of Photonics and Nanotechnology, Vilnius University Saulėtekio Av. 3 LT-10257 Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Pankaj Bharmoria
- Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC Bellaterra Barcelona 08193 Spain
| | - Kasper Moth-Poulsen
- Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC Bellaterra Barcelona 08193 Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research & Advanced Studies, ICREA Pg. Lluís Companys 23 Barcelona Spain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, EEBE Eduard Maristany 10-14 08019 Barcelona Spain
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology Kemivagen 4 Gothenburg 412 96 Sweden
| | - Karolis Kazlauskas
- Institute of Photonics and Nanotechnology, Vilnius University Saulėtekio Av. 3 LT-10257 Vilnius Lithuania
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Oliveira AM, Coelho L, Carvalho E, Ferreira-Pinto MJ, Vaz R, Aguiar P. Machine learning for adaptive deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease: closing the loop. J Neurol 2023; 270:5313-5326. [PMID: 37530789 PMCID: PMC10576725 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-023-11873-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease bearing a severe social and economic impact. So far, there is no known disease modifying therapy and the current available treatments are symptom oriented. Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is established as an effective treatment for PD, however current systems lag behind today's technological potential. Adaptive DBS, where stimulation parameters depend on the patient's physiological state, emerges as an important step towards "smart" DBS, a strategy that enables adaptive stimulation and personalized therapy. This new strategy is facilitated by currently available neurotechnologies allowing the simultaneous monitoring of multiple signals, providing relevant physiological information. Advanced computational models and analytical methods are an important tool to explore the richness of the available data and identify signal properties to close the loop in DBS. To tackle this challenge, machine learning (ML) methods applied to DBS have gained popularity due to their ability to make good predictions in the presence of multiple variables and subtle patterns. ML based approaches are being explored at different fronts such as the identification of electrophysiological biomarkers and the development of personalized control systems, leading to effective symptom relief. In this review, we explore how ML can help overcome the challenges in the development of closed-loop DBS, particularly its role in the search for effective electrophysiology biomarkers. Promising results demonstrate ML potential for supporting a new generation of adaptive DBS, with better management of stimulation delivery, resulting in more efficient and patient-tailored treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia M Oliveira
- Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Neuroengineering and Computational Neuroscience Lab, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luis Coelho
- Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eduardo Carvalho
- Neuroengineering and Computational Neuroscience Lab, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS-School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel J Ferreira-Pinto
- Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Vaz
- Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paulo Aguiar
- Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
- Neuroengineering and Computational Neuroscience Lab, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.
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47
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Turk-Kubo KA, Gradoville MR, Cheung S, Cornejo-Castillo FM, Harding KJ, Morando M, Mills M, Zehr JP. Non-cyanobacterial diazotrophs: global diversity, distribution, ecophysiology, and activity in marine waters. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2023; 47:fuac046. [PMID: 36416813 PMCID: PMC10719068 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuac046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological dinitrogen (N2) fixation supplies nitrogen to the oceans, supporting primary productivity, and is carried out by some bacteria and archaea referred to as diazotrophs. Cyanobacteria are conventionally considered to be the major contributors to marine N2 fixation, but non-cyanobacterial diazotrophs (NCDs) have been shown to be distributed throughout ocean ecosystems. However, the biogeochemical significance of marine NCDs has not been demonstrated. This review synthesizes multiple datasets, drawing from cultivation-independent molecular techniques and data from extensive oceanic expeditions, to provide a comprehensive view into the diversity, biogeography, ecophysiology, and activity of marine NCDs. A NCD nifH gene catalog was compiled containing sequences from both PCR-based and PCR-free methods, identifying taxa for future studies. NCD abundances from a novel database of NCD nifH-based abundances were colocalized with environmental data, unveiling distinct distributions and environmental drivers of individual taxa. Mechanisms that NCDs may use to fuel and regulate N2 fixation in response to oxygen and fixed nitrogen availability are discussed, based on a metabolic analysis of recently available Tara Oceans expedition data. The integration of multiple datasets provides a new perspective that enhances understanding of the biology, ecology, and biogeography of marine NCDs and provides tools and directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendra A Turk-Kubo
- Ocean Sciences Department, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States
| | - Mary R Gradoville
- Ocean Sciences Department, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States
- Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Shunyan Cheung
- Ocean Sciences Department, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States
| | - Francisco M Cornejo-Castillo
- Ocean Sciences Department, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States
- Department of Marine Biology and Oceanography, Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM-CSIC), Pg. Marítim Barceloneta, 37-49 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Katie J Harding
- Ocean Sciences Department, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States
- Marine Biology Research Division, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Michael Morando
- Ocean Sciences Department, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States
| | - Matthew Mills
- Department of Earth System Science, Stanford University, 473 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA 94305, United States
| | - Jonathan P Zehr
- Ocean Sciences Department, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States
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Madeira D, Domingues J, Lopes CR, Canas PM, Cunha RA, Agostinho P. Modification of astrocytic Cx43 hemichannel activity in animal models of AD: modulation by adenosine A 2A receptors. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:340. [PMID: 37898985 PMCID: PMC10613596 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04983-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence implicates astrocytic dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder characterised by progressive cognitive loss. The accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques is a histopathological hallmark of AD and associated with increased astrocyte reactivity. In APP/PS1 mice modelling established AD (9 months), we now show an altered astrocytic morphology and enhanced activity of astrocytic hemichannels, mainly composed by connexin 43 (Cx43). Hemichannel activity in hippocampal astrocytes is also increased in two models of early AD: (1) mice with intracerebroventricular (icv) administration of Aβ1-42, and (2) hippocampal slices superfused with Aβ1-42 peptides. In hippocampal gliosomes of APP/PS1 mice, Cx43 levels were increased, whereas mice administered icv with Aβ1-42 only displayed increased Cx43 phosphorylation levels. This suggests that hemichannel activity might be differentially modulated throughout AD progression. Additionally, we tested if adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) blockade reversed alterations of astrocytic hemichannel activity and found that the pharmacological blockade or genetic silencing (global and astrocytic) of A2AR prevented Aβ-induced hemichannel dysregulation in hippocampal slices, although A2AR genetic silencing increased the activity of astroglial hemichannels in control conditions. In primary cultures of astrocytes, A2AR-related protective effect was shown to occur through a protein kinase C (PKC) pathway. Our results indicate that the dysfunction of hemichannel activity in hippocampal astrocytes is an early event in AD, which is modulated by A2AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Madeira
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Polo I FMUC, First Floor, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana Domingues
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Polo I FMUC, First Floor, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cátia R Lopes
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Polo I FMUC, First Floor, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula M Canas
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Polo I FMUC, First Floor, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo A Cunha
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Polo I FMUC, First Floor, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula Agostinho
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal.
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, Polo I FMUC, First Floor, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal.
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Uelmen JA, Clark A, Palmer J, Kohler J, Van Dyke LC, Low R, Mapes CD, Carney RM. Global mosquito observations dashboard (GMOD): creating a user-friendly web interface fueled by citizen science to monitor invasive and vector mosquitoes. Int J Health Geogr 2023; 22:28. [PMID: 37898732 PMCID: PMC10612222 DOI: 10.1186/s12942-023-00350-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mosquitoes and the diseases they transmit pose a significant public health threat worldwide, causing more fatalities than any other animal. To effectively combat this issue, there is a need for increased public awareness and mosquito control. However, traditional surveillance programs are time-consuming, expensive, and lack scalability. Fortunately, the widespread availability of mobile devices with high-resolution cameras presents a unique opportunity for mosquito surveillance. In response to this, the Global Mosquito Observations Dashboard (GMOD) was developed as a free, public platform to improve the detection and monitoring of invasive and vector mosquitoes through citizen science participation worldwide. METHODS GMOD is an interactive web interface that collects and displays mosquito observation and habitat data supplied by four datastreams with data generated by citizen scientists worldwide. By providing information on the locations and times of observations, the platform enables the visualization of mosquito population trends and ranges. It also serves as an educational resource, encouraging collaboration and data sharing. The data acquired and displayed on GMOD is freely available in multiple formats and can be accessed from any device with an internet connection. RESULTS Since its launch less than a year ago, GMOD has already proven its value. It has successfully integrated and processed large volumes of real-time data (~ 300,000 observations), offering valuable and actionable insights into mosquito species prevalence, abundance, and potential distributions, as well as engaging citizens in community-based surveillance programs. CONCLUSIONS GMOD is a cloud-based platform that provides open access to mosquito vector data obtained from citizen science programs. Its user-friendly interface and data filters make it valuable for researchers, mosquito control personnel, and other stakeholders. With its expanding data resources and the potential for machine learning integration, GMOD is poised to support public health initiatives aimed at reducing the spread of mosquito-borne diseases in a cost-effective manner, particularly in regions where traditional surveillance methods are limited. GMOD is continually evolving, with ongoing development of powerful artificial intelligence algorithms to identify mosquito species and other features from submitted data. The future of citizen science holds great promise, and GMOD stands as an exciting initiative in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnny A Uelmen
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida (USF), Tampa, FL, 33620, USA.
| | - Andrew Clark
- Institute for Global Environmental Strategies, Arlington, VA, 22202, USA
| | - John Palmer
- Department of Political and Social Sciences, Universitat Pompeau Fabra, 08005, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Russanne Low
- Institute for Global Environmental Strategies, Arlington, VA, 22202, USA
| | - Connor D Mapes
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida (USF), Tampa, FL, 33620, USA
- Department of Geography, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Scotland, UK
| | - Ryan M Carney
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida (USF), Tampa, FL, 33620, USA
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50
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Domingo L, Djukic M, Johnson C, Borondo F. Binding affinity predictions with hybrid quantum-classical convolutional neural networks. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17951. [PMID: 37864075 PMCID: PMC10589342 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45269-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Central in drug design is the identification of biomolecules that uniquely and robustly bind to a target protein, while minimizing their interactions with others. Accordingly, precise binding affinity prediction, enabling the accurate selection of suitable candidates from an extensive pool of potential compounds, can greatly reduce the expenses associated to practical experimental protocols. In this respect, recent advances revealed that deep learning methods show superior performance compared to other traditional computational methods, especially with the advent of large datasets. These methods, however, are complex and very time-intensive, thus representing an important clear bottleneck for their development and practical application. In this context, the emerging realm of quantum machine learning holds promise for enhancing numerous classical machine learning algorithms. In this work, we take one step forward and present a hybrid quantum-classical convolutional neural network, which is able to reduce by 20% the complexity of the classical counterpart while still maintaining optimal performance in the predictions. Additionally, this results in a significant cost and time savings of up to 40% in the training stage, which means a substantial speed-up of the drug design process.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Domingo
- Grupo de Sistemas Complejos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28035, Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto de Ciencias Matemáticas (ICMAT), Campus de Cantoblanco UAM, Nicolás Cabrera, 13-15, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain.
- Ingenii Inc., New York, USA.
| | | | | | - F Borondo
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
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