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Ganguly S, Pesquera D, Garcia DM, Saeed U, Mirzamohammadi N, Santiso J, Padilla J, Roque JMC, Laulhé C, Berenguer F, Villanueva LG, Catalan G. Photostrictive Actuators Based on Freestanding Ferroelectric Membranes. Adv Mater 2024:e2310198. [PMID: 38546029 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Complex oxides offer a wide range of functional properties, and recent advances in the fabrication of freestanding membranes of these oxides are adding new mechanical degrees of freedom to this already rich functional ecosystem. Here, photoactuation is demonstrated in freestanding thin film resonators of ferroelectric Barium Titanate (BaTiO3) and paraelectric Strontium Titanate (SrTiO3). The free-standing films, transferred onto perforated supports, act as nano-drums, oscillating at their natural resonance frequency when illuminated by a frequency-modulated laser. The light-induced deflections in the ferroelectric BaTiO3 membranes are two orders of magnitude larger than in the paraelectric SrTiO3 ones. Time-resolved X-ray micro-diffraction under illumination and temperature-dependent holographic interferometry provide combined evidence for the photostrictive strain in BaTiO3 originating from a partial screening of ferroelectric polarization by photo-excited carriers, which decreases the tetragonality of the unit cell. These findings showcase the potential of photostrictive freestanding ferroelectric films as wireless actuators operated by light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saptam Ganguly
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - David Pesquera
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Daniel Moreno Garcia
- Advanced NEMS Laboratory, Institute of Mechanical Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Umair Saeed
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Nona Mirzamohammadi
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - José Santiso
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jessica Padilla
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - José Manuel Caicedo Roque
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Claire Laulhé
- Université Paris-Saclay, Synchrotron SOLEIL, Saint-Aubin, 91190, France
| | - Felisa Berenguer
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin BP 48, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91190, France
| | - Luis Guillermo Villanueva
- Advanced NEMS Laboratory, Institute of Mechanical Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Gustau Catalan
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
- ICREA - Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, 08010, Catalonia
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Stoyanov P, Chromik RR. Scaling Effects on Materials Tribology: From Macro to Micro Scale. Materials (Basel) 2017; 10:E550. [PMID: 28772909 PMCID: PMC5459061 DOI: 10.3390/ma10050550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The tribological study of materials inherently involves the interaction of surface asperities at the micro to nanoscopic length scales. This is the case for large scale engineering applications with sliding contacts, where the real area of contact is made up of small contacting asperities that make up only a fraction of the apparent area of contact. This is why researchers have sought to create idealized experiments of single asperity contacts in the field of nanotribology. At the same time, small scale engineering structures known as micro- and nano-electromechanical systems (MEMS and NEMS) have been developed, where the apparent area of contact approaches the length scale of the asperities, meaning the real area of contact for these devices may be only a few asperities. This is essentially the field of microtribology, where the contact size and/or forces involved have pushed the nature of the interaction between two surfaces towards the regime where the scale of the interaction approaches that of the natural length scale of the features on the surface. This paper provides a review of microtribology with the purpose to understand how tribological processes are different at the smaller length scales compared to macrotribology. Studies of the interfacial phenomena at the macroscopic length scales (e.g., using in situ tribometry) will be discussed and correlated with new findings and methodologies at the micro-length scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pantcho Stoyanov
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, Aluminum Research Centre-REGAL, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C5, Canada.
| | - Richard R Chromik
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, Aluminum Research Centre-REGAL, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C5, Canada.
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