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Liu Y, Suhail Y, Novin A, Afzal J, Pant A, Kshitiz. Lactate in breast cancer cells is associated with evasion of hypoxia-induced cell cycle arrest and adverse patient outcome. Hum Cell 2024; 37:768-781. [PMID: 38478356 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-024-01046-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Tumor hypoxia is a common microenvironmental factor in breast cancers, resulting in stabilization of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 (HIF-1), the master regulator of hypoxic response in cells. Metabolic adaptation by HIF-1 results in inhibition of citric acid cycle, causing accumulation of lactate in large concentrations in hypoxic cancers. Lactate can therefore serve as a secondary microenvironmental factor influencing cellular response to hypoxia. Presence of lactate can alter the hypoxic response of breast cancers in many ways, sometimes in opposite manners. Lactate stabilizes HIF-1 in oxidative condition, as well as destabilizes HIF-1 in hypoxia, increases cellular acidification, and mitigates HIF-1-driven inhibition of cellular respiration. We therefore tested the effect of lactate in MDA-MB-231 under hypoxia, finding that lactate can activate pathways associated with DNA replication, and cell cycling, as well as tissue morphogenesis associated with invasive processes. Using a bioengineered nano-patterned stromal invasion assay, we also confirmed that high lactate and induced HIF-1α gene overexpression can synergistically promote MDA-MB-231 dissemination and stromal trespass. Furthermore, using The Cancer Genome Atlas, we also surprisingly found that lactate in hypoxia promotes gene expression signatures prognosticating low survival in breast cancer patients. Our work documents that lactate accumulation contributes to increased heterogeneity in breast cancer gene expression promoting cancer growth and reducing patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamin Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Yasir Suhail
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
- Center for Cell Analysis and Modeling, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Ashkan Novin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Junaid Afzal
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Aditya Pant
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
- NEAG Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Kshitiz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA.
- Center for Cell Analysis and Modeling, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- NEAG Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA.
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Kim AI, Oh JH, Cho JY. QSOX2 Upregulated in triple-negative breast cancer exacerbates patient prognosis by stabilizing integrin β1. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27148. [PMID: 38500982 PMCID: PMC10945127 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) remains a significant global health threat, with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) standing out as a particularly aggressive subtype lacking targeted therapies. Addressing this gap, we propose Quiescin Q6 sulfhydryl oxidase 2 (QSOX2) as a potential therapeutic target, a disulfide bond-forming enzyme implicated in cancer progression. Using publicly available datasets, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of QSOX2 expression in BC tumor and non-tumor tissues, assessing its specificity across different molecular subtypes. We further explored correlations between QSOX2 expression and patient outcomes, utilizing datasets like TCGA and METABRIC. In addition, we performed in vitro experiments to evaluate QSOX2 expression in BC cell lines and investigate the effects of QSOX2 knockdown on various TNBC cellular processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis resistance, migration, and the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Our results reveal significantly elevated QSOX2 expression in BC tumor tissues, particularly in TNBC, and establish an association between high QSOX2 expression and increased patient mortality, cancer progression, and recurrence across various BC subtypes. Notably, QSOX2 knockdown in TNBC cell lines reduces cell proliferation, enhances apoptosis, and suppresses migration, potentially mediated through its influence on the EMT process. Furthermore, we identify a significant link between QSOX2 and integrin β1 (ITGB1), suggesting that QSOX2 enhances ITGB1 stability, subsequently exacerbating the malignancy of TNBC. In conclusion, elevated QSOX2 expression emerges as a key factor associated with adverse patient outcomes in BC, particularly in TNBC, contributing to disease progression through various mechanisms, including the modulation of ITGB1 stability. Our findings underscore the potential of targeting QSOX2 as a therapeutic strategy for improving patient prognoses not only in TNBC but also in other BC subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-In Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Brain Korea 21 Project and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Comparative Medicine Disease Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Oh
- Department of Biochemistry, Brain Korea 21 Project and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Comparative Medicine Disease Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Yoel Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, Brain Korea 21 Project and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Comparative Medicine Disease Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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Solé L, Lobo-Jarne T, Cabré-Romans JJ, González A, Fernández L, Marruecos L, Guix M, Cuatrecasas M, López S, Bellosillo B, Torres F, Iglesias M, Bigas A, Espinosa L. Loss of the epithelial marker CDX1 predicts poor prognosis in early-stage CRC patients. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res 2024; 1871:119658. [PMID: 38216091 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously shown that non-curative chemotherapy imposes fetal conversion and high metastatic capacity to cancer cells. From the set of genes differentially expressed in Chemotherapy Resistant Cells, we obtained a characteristic fetal intestinal cell signature that is present in a group of untreated tumors and is sufficient to predict patient prognosis. A feature of this fetal signature is the loss of CDX1. METHODS We have analyzed transcriptomic data in public datasets and performed immunohistochemistry analysis of paraffin embedded tumor samples from two cohorts of colorectal cancer patients. RESULTS We demonstrated that low levels of CDX1 are sufficient to identify patients with poorest outcome at the early tumor stages II and III. Presence tumor areas that are negative for CDX1 staining in stage I cancers is associated with tumor relapse. CONCLUSIONS Our results reveal the actual possibility of incorporating CDX1 immunostaining as a valuable biomarker for CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Solé
- Program in Cancer Research, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Lobo-Jarne
- Program in Cancer Research, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Júlia-Jié Cabré-Romans
- Program in Cancer Research, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antón González
- Pathology Department, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Laura Marruecos
- Program in Cancer Research, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Marta Guix
- Oncology Department, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam Cuatrecasas
- Pathology Department, Centre of Biomedical Diagnosis (CDB), Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra López
- Pathology Department, Centre of Biomedical Diagnosis (CDB), Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ferran Torres
- Biostatistics Unit, Medical School, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mar Iglesias
- Pathology Department, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Cancer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Bigas
- Program in Cancer Research, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Cancer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain; Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lluís Espinosa
- Program in Cancer Research, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Cancer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.
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Fernández-Parejo N, Lorenzo-Martín LF, García-Pedrero JM, Rodrigo JP, Dosil M, Bustelo XR. VAV2 orchestrates the interplay between regenerative proliferation and ribogenesis in both keratinocytes and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4060. [PMID: 38374399 PMCID: PMC10876654 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54808-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
VAV2 is an activator of RHO GTPases that promotes and maintains regenerative proliferation-like states in normal keratinocytes and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells. Here, we demonstrate that VAV2 also regulates ribosome biogenesis in those cells, a program associated with poor prognosis of human papilloma virus-negative (HPV-) OSCC patients. Mechanistically, VAV2 regulates this process in a catalysis-dependent manner using a conserved pathway comprising the RAC1 and RHOA GTPases, the PAK and ROCK family kinases, and the c-MYC and YAP/TAZ transcription factors. This pathway directly promotes RNA polymerase I activity and synthesis of 47S pre-rRNA precursors. This process is further consolidated by the upregulation of ribosome biogenesis factors and the acquisition of the YAP/TAZ-dependent undifferentiated cell state. Finally, we show that RNA polymerase I is a therapeutic Achilles' heel for both keratinocytes and OSCC patient-derived cells endowed with high VAV2 catalytic activity. Collectively, these findings highlight the therapeutic potential of modulating VAV2 and the ribosome biogenesis pathways in both preneoplastic and late progression stages of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Fernández-Parejo
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular del Cáncer, CSIC and Universidad de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Francisco Lorenzo-Martín
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular del Cáncer, CSIC and Universidad de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Juana M García-Pedrero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33011, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Juan P Rodrigo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33011, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Mercedes Dosil
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular del Cáncer, CSIC and Universidad de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Xosé R Bustelo
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular del Cáncer, CSIC and Universidad de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
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Ding J, Qiu J, Hao Z, Huang H, Liu Q, Liu W, Ren C, Hacker M, Zhang T, Wu W, Li X, Huo L. Comparing the clinical value of baseline [ 68 Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT and [ 18F]F-FDG PET/CT in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: additional prognostic value of the distal pancreatitis. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2023; 50:4036-4050. [PMID: 37493664 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-023-06297-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Anatomical and molecular staging strategies are needed for the personalized treatment of localized pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). This study evaluated the performance of [68 Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 and [18F]F-FDG PET/CT on the disease staging and prognostic value of patients with localized PDAC on contrast-enhanced (CE)-CT images. METHODS Patients with suspected localized PDAC on CE-CT were recruited for static [68 Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 and 18[F]F-FDG and PET/CT, and select patients underwent simultaneous 60-min dynamic 68 Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT. The diagnostic and staging performances of the static PET/CT results were evaluated by delineating regions of interest in the primary tumor, whole pancreas, and distal pancreas in both types of scans and then evaluating correlations between the PET/CT findings and clinicopathological characteristics. Furthermore, Kaplan-Meier and hazard ratio (log-rank) methods were used to evaluate the prognostic value of the combined dynamic [68 Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 and static [18F]F-FDG PET/CT method. RESULTS We included 49 patients with histologically confirmed PDAC adenocarcinomas; 32 underwent 60-min dynamic [68 Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT imaging simultaneously. The static [68 Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 method had significantly higher accuracy and uptake values than the static [18F]F-FDG method for primary PDAC lesions, metastatic lymph nodes, and distal metastases. Furthermore, 18.4% and 10.2% of the patients' stages changed after using the [68 Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 and [18F]F-FDG PET/CT methodologies, respectively, compared to the CE-CT-designated stage. The Ki values obtained from dynamic [68 Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT did not differ between PDAC and distal obstructive pancreatitis lesions. Pathologically enlarged tumor size, poor differentiation, and perineural invasion were associated with increased [68 Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 uptake but not with [18F]F-FDG uptake. The preoperative prognostic performance of [68 Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 was better than that of [18F]F-FDG. Interestingly, combined [68 Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 and [18F]F-FDG uptake results in the whole pancreas could further stratify patients based on their postoperative prognosis. CONCLUSION 6[68 Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT was more sensitive and accurate than [18F]F-FDG PET/CT for tumor, node, and metastasis staging of PDAC identified on CE-CT. Additionally, [68 Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 uptake was significantly associated with pathologically aggressive tumor features. Combined [68 Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 and [18F]F-FDG PET/CT findings improved the prognostic value, potentially providing a non-invasive guide for clinical management. Finally, increased fibroblast activity in PDAC-induced obstructive pancreatitis may be associated with poor patient survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ding
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy in Nuclear Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and PUMC, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Jiangdong Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, PUMC Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and PUMC, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Zhixin Hao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy in Nuclear Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and PUMC, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Hua Huang
- Department of General Surgery, PUMC Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and PUMC, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Qiaofei Liu
- Department of General Surgery, PUMC Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and PUMC, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Department of General Surgery, PUMC Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and PUMC, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Chao Ren
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy in Nuclear Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and PUMC, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Marcus Hacker
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Taiping Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, PUMC Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and PUMC, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Wenming Wu
- Department of General Surgery, PUMC Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and PUMC, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Xiang Li
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Li Huo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy in Nuclear Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and PUMC, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Saifullah, Tsukahara T. Integrated analysis of the clinical consequence and associated gene expression of ALK in ALK-positive human cancers. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09878. [PMID: 35865984 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is a tyrosine kinase receptor that is genetically altered in several cancers, including NSCLC, melanoma, lymphoma, and other tumors. Although ALK is associated with various cancers, the relationship between ALK expression and patient prognosis in different cancers is poorly understood. Here, using multidimensional approaches, we revealed the correlation between ALK expression and the clinical outcomes of patients with LUAD, melanoma, OV, DLBC, AML, and BC. We analyzed ALK transcriptional expression, patient survival rate, genetic alteration, protein network, and gene and microRNA (miRNA) co-expression. Compared to that in normal tissues, higher ALK expression was found in LUAD, melanoma, and OV, which are associated with poor patient survival rates. In contrast, lower transcriptional expression was found to decrease the survival rate of patients with DLBC, AML, and BC. A total of 202 missense mutations, 17 truncating mutations, 7 fusions, and 3 in-frame mutations were identified. Further, 17 genes and 19 miRNAs were found to be exclusively co-expressed and echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 (EML4) was identified as the most positively correlated gene (log odds ratio >3). The gene ontology and signaling pathways of the genes co-expressed with ALK in these six cancers were also identified. Our findings offer a basis for ALK as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in cancers, which will potentially contribute to precision oncology and assist clinicians in identifying suitable treatment options.
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Ikeuchi H, Sugiyama H, Sato H, Yokoyama H, Maruyama S, Mukoyama M, Hayashi H, Tsukamoto T, Fukuda M, Yamagata K, Ishikawa E, Uchida K, Kamijo Y, Nakagawa N, Tsuruya K, Nojima Y, Hiromura K. A nationwide analysis of renal and patient outcomes for adults with lupus nephritis in Japan. Clin Exp Nephrol 2022; 26:898-908. [PMID: 35556186 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-022-02232-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognosis of lupus nephritis (LN) has improved following the introduction of effective immunosuppressive therapy and progress in supportive care. This study examined recent renal and patient prognosis for adults with LN in Japan. METHODS We conducted a nationwide retrospective cohort study of LN patients who received a renal biopsy between 2007 and 2012 that were registered in the Japan Renal Biopsy Registry. Of 623 registered adults with LN from 25 institutions and their affiliated or community hospitals, 489 were eligible for this study. RESULTS The median age at renal biopsy was 39 years, and 82.2% of patients were female. Renal biopsies were performed in 348 patients with new-onset LN, 106 with relapse LN, and 35 with refractory LN. The distribution of ISN/RPS 2003 Classes was as follows: I 1.6%; II 5.3%; III (± V) 27.0%; IV (± V) 47.0%; V 18.4%; VI 0.6%. During the median observation period of 63.8 months, 36 patients (7.3%) reached a doubling of serum creatinine or end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), and 28 patients (5.7%) died. The 5 year renal and patient survival rates were 93.9% and 94.7%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed body mass index (BMI) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were independent risk factors for a doubling of serum creatinine in ESKD. Age and eGFR were independent risk factors for death. CONCLUSION Recent prognosis for adults with LN are relatively good in Japan. Risk factors for impaired renal function are BMI and eGFR at renal biopsy, while age and eGFR are risk factors for death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidekazu Ikeuchi
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Gunma Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Sugiyama
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sato
- Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Yokoyama
- Department of Nephrology, Kanazawa Medical University School of Medicine, Uchinada, Japan
| | - Shoichi Maruyama
- Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masashi Mukoyama
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiroki Hayashi
- Department of Nephrology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Tsukamoto
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Tazuke Kofukai Medical Research Institute, Kitano Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Michio Fukuda
- Department of Cardio-Renal Medicine and Hypertension, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Yamagata
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Eiji Ishikawa
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Keiko Uchida
- Department of Nephrology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Kamijo
- Department of Nephrology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Naoki Nakagawa
- Division of Cardiology, Nephrology, Pulmonology and Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Tsuruya
- Department of Integrated Therapy for Chronic Kidney Disease, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Nojima
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Gunma Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Keiju Hiromura
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Gunma Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.
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Liu T, Niu X, Li Y, Xu Z, Chen J, Xu G. Expression and prognostic analyses of the significance of STEAP1 and STEAP2 in lung cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2022; 20:96. [PMID: 35346237 PMCID: PMC8962583 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-022-02566-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. STEAP1 and STEAP2 are overexpressed in various cancers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression and prognostic value of STEAP1 and STEAP2 in patients with lung cancer. METHODS The mRNA expression and protein expression of STEAP1 and STEAP2 and their prognostic characteristics were examined using Oncomine, GEPIA, and Kaplan-Meier (KM) plotters. The correlation analysis of STEAP1 and STEAP2 gene and protein levels was conducted using GeneMANIA and STRING. KEGG pathway analysis was used to explore the related signal pathways of STEAP 1 and STEAP2. Immunohistochemical methods were used to compare the expression of STEAP2 in normal lung and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunocytochemistry were used to evaluate the expression of STEAP1 and STEAP2 in three lung cancer cell lines and normal lung epithelial cell lines. RESULTS Analysis of the Oncomine database and GEPIA showed that STEAP1 was upregulated and STEAP2 was downregulated in lung cancer tissue, and both expressions were related to the clinical stage of lung cancer. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that STEAP1 protein expression was significantly upregulated in lung cancer compared to that in adjacent tissues. The expression of STEAP1 was positively correlated with the migration and invasion abilities of lung cancer cells. Compared with paracancer tissues, the expression of STEAP2 protein in lung cancer was significantly downregulated and was correlated with the histological grade of squamous cell carcinoma, pathological classification of adenocarcinoma, tumor, lymph node, and metastasis clinical stage, and lymph node metastasis. The expression of STEAP2 was negatively correlated with the migration and invasion abilities of lung cancer cells. The KM curve showed that the downregulation of STEAP1 expression and upregulation of STEAP2 expression were related to a good lung cancer prognosis. CONCLUSION STEAP1 and STEAP2 are expected to be potential diagnostic and prognostic markers for lung cancer, which may provide more accurate prognostic indicators for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianshu Liu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoxin Niu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yanqing Li
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Zekun Xu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Geng Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, 274031, Shandong, China.
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Saini G, Joshi S, Garlapati C, Li H, Kong J, Krishnamurthy J, Reid MD, Aneja R. Polyploid giant cancer cell characterization: New frontiers in predicting response to chemotherapy in breast cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 81:220-231. [PMID: 33766651 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Although polyploid cells were first described nearly two centuries ago, their ability to proliferate has only recently been demonstrated. It also becomes increasingly evident that a subset of tumor cells, polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs), play a critical role in the pathophysiology of breast cancer (BC), among other cancer types. In BC, PGCCs can arise in response to therapy-induced stress. Their progeny possess cancer stem cell (CSC) properties and can repopulate the tumor. By modulating the tumor microenvironment (TME), PGCCs promote BC progression, chemoresistance, metastasis, and relapse and ultimately impact the survival of BC patients. Given their pro- tumorigenic roles, PGCCs have been proposed to possess the ability to predict treatment response and patient prognosis in BC. Traditionally, DNA cytometry has been used to detect PGCCs.. The field will further derive benefit from the development of approaches to accurately detect PGCCs and their progeny using robust PGCC biomarkers. In this review, we present the current state of knowledge about the clinical relevance of PGCCs in BC. We also propose to use an artificial intelligence-assisted image analysis pipeline to identify PGCC and map their interactions with other TME components, thereby facilitating the clinical implementation of PGCCs as biomarkers to predict treatment response and survival outcomes in BC patients. Finally, we summarize efforts to therapeutically target PGCCs to prevent chemoresistance and improve clinical outcomes in patients with BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetanjali Saini
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Shriya Joshi
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Hongxiao Li
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Kong
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Computer Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Computer Science, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Michelle D Reid
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ritu Aneja
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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10
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Wong B, Apte SS, Tirotta F, Parente A, Mathieu J, Ford SJ, Desai A, Almond M, Nessim C. Perioperative blood transfusion is not an independent predictor for worse outcomes in retroperitoneal sarcoma surgery. Eur J Surg Oncol 2021; 47:1763-1770. [PMID: 33483237 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2021.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgery for retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcoma (RPS) is technically challenging, often requiring perioperative red blood cell transfusion (PBT). In other cancers, controversy exists regarding the association of PBT and oncologic outcomes. No study has assessed this association in primary RPS, or identified factors associated with PBT. METHODS Data was collected on all resected primary RPS between 2006 and 2020 at The Ottawa Hospital (Canada) and University Hospital Birmingham (United Kingdom). 'PBT' denotes transfusion given one week before surgery until discharge. Multivariable regression (MVA) identified clinicopathologic factors associated with PBT and assessed PBT association with oncologic outcomes. Surgical complexity was measured using resected organ score (ROS) and patterns of resection. RESULTS 192 patients were included with 98 (50.8%) receiving PBT. Median follow-up was 38.2 months. High tumour grade (OR 2.20, P = 0.048), preoperative anemia (OR 2.78, P = 0.020), blood loss >1000 mL (OR 4.89, P = 0.004) and ROS >2 (OR 2.29, P = 0.026) were associated with PBT on MVA. A direct linear relationship was observed between higher ROS and increasing units of PBT (β = 0.586, P = 0.038). Increasingly complex patterns of resection were associated with increasing odds of PBT. PBT was associated with severe post-operative complications (P = 0.008) on MVA. Univariable association between PBT and 5-year disease-free or overall survival was lost upon MVA. CONCLUSIONS Surgical complexity and high tumour grade are potentially related to PBT. Oncologic outcomes are not predicted by PBT but are better explained by tumour grade which subsequently may increase surgical complexity. Strategies to reduce PBT should be considered in primary RPS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boaz Wong
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, K1H 8M5, Canada; Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.
| | - Sameer S Apte
- Division of General Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, K1H 8L6, Canada; Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Fabio Tirotta
- Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Mindelsohn Way, Birmingham, B15 2TH, UK
| | - Alessandro Parente
- Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Mindelsohn Way, Birmingham, B15 2TH, UK
| | - Johanne Mathieu
- Division of General Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, K1H 8L6, Canada; Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Sam J Ford
- Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Mindelsohn Way, Birmingham, B15 2TH, UK
| | - Anant Desai
- Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Mindelsohn Way, Birmingham, B15 2TH, UK
| | - Max Almond
- Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Mindelsohn Way, Birmingham, B15 2TH, UK
| | - Carolyn Nessim
- Division of General Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, K1H 8L6, Canada; Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.
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11
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Wang Z, Chen X. Establishment and validation of an immune-associated signature in lung adenocarcinoma. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 88:106867. [PMID: 32799112 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies demonstrated that immune associated genes (IAGs) played an important role in the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). In the research, we established an IAGs signature and validated its prognostic value in LUAD by using bioinformatic methods and public databases. Based on the RNA-Seq samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), 576 differentially expressed IAGs were firstly identified. The R package coxph was used to select significant prognostic IAGs using both univariate and multivariate analyses. As a result, four IAGs (SCG2, CCL20, CAT, S100P) were finally screened in an IAGs signature. Based on these four IAGs, LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) Cox regression analysis was used to construct a Risk score prognostic model and survival analysis revealed that high risk score was significantly associated with poor survival outcomes, which was validated in the external datasets GSE68465 and GSE31210. In addition, Risk score was found to be significantly associated with stage, lymphatic involvement, tumor metastasis and immune cells (B cells and dendritic cells) infiltration. Moreover, it was found that TP53 and EGFR had a higher mutation frequency in high risk group. Then a nomogram with clinical characteristics was established to superiorly predict prognosis of LUAD patients, and calibration plots and ROC analysis proved its accuracy. We believe that our findings can be conveniently used for individualized prediction of the clinical prognosis for LUAD patients, but further clinical trials and experimental exploration are needed to validate our observations.
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12
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Bailly S, Galerneau LM, Ruckly S, Seiller A, Terzi N, Schwebel C, Dupuis C, Tamisier R, Mourvillier B, Pepin JL, Timsit JF. Impact of obstructive sleep apnea on the obesity paradox in critically ill patients. J Crit Care 2019; 56:120-124. [PMID: 31896445 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2019.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) frequently suffer from multiple chronic diseases, including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Until recently OSA was not considered as a key determinant in an ICU patient's prognosis. The objective of this study was to document the impact of OSA on the prognosis of ICU patients. METHODS Data were retrospectively collected concerning adult patients admitted to ICU at two university hospitals. In a nested study OSA status was checked using the hospital electronic medical records to identify exposed and unexposed cases. The following outcomes were considered: length of stay in the ICU, ICU mortality, in-hospital mortality, ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). RESULTS Out of 5146 patients included in the study, 289 had OSA at ICU admission (5.6%). After matching, the overall impact of OSA on length of ICU stay was not significant (p = .24). In a predefined subgroup analysis, there was a significant impact of OSA on the length of ICU stay for patients with BMI over 40 kg/m2 (IRR: 1.56 [1.05; 2.32], p = .03). OSA status had no impact on ICU or hospital mortality and VAP. CONCLUSION In general, known OSA did not increase the ICU stay except for patients with both OSA and morbid obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Bailly
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1042, HP2, 38000 Grenoble, France; EFCR laboratory, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France.
| | - Louis-Marie Galerneau
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1042, HP2, 38000 Grenoble, France; Intensive Care Unit, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Stéphane Ruckly
- INSERM U1137, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Seiller
- INSERM U1137, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Terzi
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1042, HP2, 38000 Grenoble, France; Intensive Care Unit, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Carole Schwebel
- Intensive Care Unit, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France; INSERM U1039 Radiopharmaceutiques Biocliniques, Grenoble, France
| | - Claire Dupuis
- INSERM U1137, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France; Medical and Infectious Intensive Care Unit, Bichat Claude Bernard University Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Renaud Tamisier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1042, HP2, 38000 Grenoble, France; EFCR laboratory, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Bernard Mourvillier
- INSERM U1137, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France; Medical and Infectious Intensive Care Unit, Bichat Claude Bernard University Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Louis Pepin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1042, HP2, 38000 Grenoble, France; EFCR laboratory, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-François Timsit
- INSERM U1137, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France; Medical and Infectious Intensive Care Unit, Bichat Claude Bernard University Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
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Roychowdhury A, Samadder S, Das P, Mazumder DI, Chatterjee A, Addya S, Mondal R, Roy A, Roychoudhury S, Panda CK. Deregulation of H19 is associated with cervical carcinoma. Genomics 2019; 112:961-970. [PMID: 31229557 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2019.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
CACX is one of the most common cancer affecting women world-wide. Here, expression microarray analysis revealed 8 over-expressed transcribed pseudogenes (GBP1P1, HLA-DRB6, HLA-H, SLC6A10P, NAPSB, KRT16P2, PTTG3P and RNF126P1), down-regulated 7 lincRNAs (H19, MIR100HG, MEG3, DIO3OS, HOXA11-AS, CD27-AS1 and EPB41L4A-AS) and 6 snoRNAs (SNORD97, SNORD3A, SNORD3C, SNORD3D, SNORA12 and SCARNA9) as DEncGs (log2 fold-change ≥ ±1.0) in CACX. Consequently, down-regulation of lincRNA MEG3 and over-expression of pseudogenes, GBP1P1 and PTTG3P in the microarray analysis were found concordant with the real-time quantitative PCR results upon validation. Then, Ingenuity® Pathway analysis (IPA®) analysis with deregulated DEncGs identified functionally important gene, H19. Further, validation (n = 52) of expression confirmed frequent downregulation of H19 with significant association with its deletion (LOH) and promoter methylation (n = 128) in CACX. Moreover, clinicopathological analysis found Indian CACX patients (n = 26) with alterations of H19 by deletion or, promoter methylation with concomitant low expression have poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Roychowdhury
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Sudip Samadder
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Pijush Das
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | | | | | - Sankar Addya
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ranajit Mondal
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Anup Roy
- Department of Pathology, Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Chinmay Kumar Panda
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India.
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14
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Ouellet V, Aprikian A, Bergeron A, Brimo F, Bristow RG, Chevalier S, Drachenberg D, Fazli L, Fleshner NE, Gleave M, Karakiewicz P, Klotz L, Lacombe L, Lattouf JB, van der Kwast T, Squire JA, Latour M, Trudel D, Mes-Masson AM, Saad F. The Terry Fox Research Institute Canadian Prostate Cancer Biomarker Network: an analysis of a pan-Canadian multi-center cohort for biomarker validation. BMC Urol 2018; 18:78. [PMID: 30200929 PMCID: PMC6131811 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-018-0392-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Refinement of parameters defining prostate cancer (PC) prognosis are urgently needed to identify patients with indolent versus aggressive disease. The Canadian Prostate Cancer Biomaker Network (CPCBN) consists of researchers from four Canadian provinces to create a validation cohort to address issues dealing with PC diagnosis and management. METHODS A total of 1512 radical prostatectomy (RP) specimens from five different biorepositories affiliated with teaching hospitals were selected to constitute the cohort. Tumoral and adjacent benign tissues were arrayed on tissue microarrays (TMAs). A patient clinical database was developed and includes data on diagnosis, treatment and clinical outcome. RESULTS Mean age at diagnosis of patients in the cohort was 61 years. Of these patients, 31% had a low grade (≤6) Gleason score (GS), 55% had GS 7 (40% of 3 + 4 and 15% of 4 + 3) and 14% had high GS (≥8) PC. The median follow-up of the cohort was 113 months. A total of 34% had a biochemical relapse, 4% developed bone metastasis and 3% of patients died from PC while 9% died of other causes. Pathological review of the TMAs confirmed the presence of tumor and benign tissue cores for > 94% of patients. Immunohistochemistry and FISH analyses, performed on a small set of specimens, showed high quality results and no biorepository-specific bias. CONCLUSIONS The CPCBN RP cohort is representative of real world PC disease observed in the Canadian population. The frequency of biochemical relapse and bone metastasis as events allows for a precise assessment of the prognostic value of biomarkers. This resource is available, in a step-wise manner, for researchers who intend to validate prognostic biomarkers in PC. Combining multiple biomarkers with clinical and pathologic parameters that are predictive of outcome will aid in clinical decision-making for patients treated for PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Ouellet
- Institut du cancer de Montréal and Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, 900, St-Denis St, room R10-464, Montréal, Québec, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Armen Aprikian
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Center and Department of Surgery (Urology), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Alain Bergeron
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval and Department of Surgery, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Fadi Brimo
- Department of Pathology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Robert G Bristow
- Department of Medical Biophysics and Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Simone Chevalier
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Center and Department of Surgery (Urology), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Darrel Drachenberg
- University of Manitoba and Manitoba Prostate Centre, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Ladan Fazli
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Neil E Fleshner
- University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Urology, Department of Surgery of University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Martin Gleave
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Urologic Sciences, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Pierre Karakiewicz
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Louis Lacombe
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval and Department of Surgery, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean-Baptiste Lattouf
- Institut du cancer de Montréal and Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, 900, St-Denis St, room R10-464, Montréal, Québec, H2X 0A9, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Jeremy A Squire
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.,Department of Genetics and Pathology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Mathieu Latour
- Institut du cancer de Montréal and Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, 900, St-Denis St, room R10-464, Montréal, Québec, H2X 0A9, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Cellular Biology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Dominique Trudel
- Institut du cancer de Montréal and Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, 900, St-Denis St, room R10-464, Montréal, Québec, H2X 0A9, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Cellular Biology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Anne-Marie Mes-Masson
- Institut du cancer de Montréal and Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, 900, St-Denis St, room R10-464, Montréal, Québec, H2X 0A9, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Fred Saad
- Institut du cancer de Montréal and Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, 900, St-Denis St, room R10-464, Montréal, Québec, H2X 0A9, Canada. .,Department of Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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Wang S, Yang L, Ci B, Maclean M, Gerber DE, Xiao G, Xie Y. Development and Validation of a Nomogram Prognostic Model for SCLC Patients. J Thorac Oncol 2018; 13:1338-48. [PMID: 29902534 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION SCLC accounts for almost 15% of lung cancer cases in the United States. Nomogram prognostic models could greatly facilitate risk stratification and treatment planning, as well as more refined enrollment criteria for clinical trials. We developed and validated a new nomogram prognostic model for SCLC patients using a large SCLC patient cohort from the National Cancer Database (NCDB). METHODS Clinical data for 24,680 SCLC patients diagnosed from 2004 to 2011 were used to develop the nomogram prognostic model. The model was then validated using an independent cohort of 9700 SCLC patients diagnosed from 2012 to 2013. The prognostic performance was evaluated using p value, concordance index and integrated area under the (time-dependent receiver operating characteristic) curve (AUC). RESULTS The following variables were contained in the final prognostic model: age, sex, race, ethnicity, Charlson/Deyo score, TNM stage (assigned according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer [AJCC] eighth edition), treatment type (combination of surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy), and laterality. The model was validated in an independent testing group with a concordance index of 0.722 ± 0.004 and an integrated area under the curve of 0.79. The nomogram model has a significantly higher prognostic accuracy than previously developed models, including the AJCC eighth edition TNM-staging system. We implemented the proposed nomogram and four previously published nomograms in an online webserver. CONCLUSIONS We developed a nomogram prognostic model for SCLC patients, and validated the model using an independent patient cohort. The nomogram performs better than earlier models, including models using AJCC staging.
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16
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Yang L, Wang S, Gerber DE, Zhou Y, Xu F, Liu J, Liang H, Xiao G, Zhou Q, Gazdar A, Xie Y. Main bronchus location is a predictor for metastasis and prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma: A large cohort analysis. Lung Cancer 2018; 120:22-26. [PMID: 29748011 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2018.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In the literature, inconsistent associations between the primary locations of lung adenocarcinomas (ADCs) with patient prognosis have been reported, due to varying definitions for central and peripheral locations. In this study, we investigated the clinical characteristics and prognoses of ADCs located in the main bronchus. METHODS A total of 397,189 lung ADCs registered from 2004 to 2013 in the National Cancer Database (NCDB) were extracted and divided into main bronchus-located ADCs (2.5%, N = 10,111) and non-main bronchus ADCs (97.5%, N = 387,078). The ADCs located in the main bronchus and those not in the main bronchus were compared in terms of patient prognosis, lymph node involvement, distant metastases and other clinical features, including rate of curative-intent resection, histologic grade, and stage. RESULTS ADCs located in the main bronchus had significantly worse patient survival than those in the non-main bronchus, both for all patients (HR = 1.82, 95% CI 1.78-1.86) and for those undergoing curative-intent resection (HR = 2.49, 95% CI 2.23-2.78). Furthermore, ADCs located in the main bronchus had a significantly higher rate of lymph node involvement and distant metastasis than those not in the main bronchus, when stratified by tumor size (trend test, p < e-16). Multivariate analysis of overall survival showed that main bronchus location is a prognostic factor (HR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.08-1.23) independent of other clinical factors. CONCLUSIONS Main bronchus location is an independent predictor for metastasis and worse outcomes irrespective of stage and treatment. Tumor primary location might be considered in prognostication and treatment planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yang
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China; Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Shidan Wang
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - David E Gerber
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Yunyun Zhou
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA; Department of Data Science, University of Mississippi Medical Center, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Feng Xu
- Lung Cancer Center/Lung Cancer Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Jiewei Liu
- Lung Cancer Center/Lung Cancer Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Hao Liang
- Lung Cancer Center/Lung Cancer Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Guanghua Xiao
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA; Department of Bioinformatics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Qinghua Zhou
- Lung Cancer Center/Lung Cancer Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Adi Gazdar
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA; Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA; Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Yang Xie
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA; Department of Bioinformatics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
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Bailly S, Leroy O, Azoulay E, Montravers P, Constantin JM, Dupont H, Guillemot D, Lortholary O, Mira JP, Perrigault PF, Gangneux JP, Timsit JF. Impact of echinocandin on prognosis of proven invasive candidiasis in ICU: A post-hoc causal inference model using the AmarCAND2 study. J Infect 2017; 74:408-417. [PMID: 28104387 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2016.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE guidelines recommend first-line systemic antifungal therapy (SAT) with echinocandins in invasive candidiasis (IC), especially in critically ill patients. This study aimed at assessing the impact of echinocandins compared to azoles as initial SAT on the 28-day prognosis in adult ICU patients. METHODS From the prospective multicenter AmarCAND2 cohort (835 patients), we selected those with documented IC and treated with echinocandins (ECH) or azoles (AZO). The average causal effect of echinocandins on 28-day mortality was assessed using an inverse probability of treatment weight (IPTW) estimator. RESULTS 397 patients were selected, treated with echinocandins (242 patients, 61%) or azoles (155 patients, 39%); septic shock: 179 patients (45%). The median SAPSII was higher in the ECH group (48 [35; 62] vs. 43 [31; 58], p = 0.01). Crude mortality was 34% (ECH group) vs. 25% (AZO group). After adjustment on baseline confounders, no significant association emerged between initial SAT with echinocandins and 28-day mortality (HR: 0.95; 95% CI: [0.60; 1.49]; p = 0.82). However, echinocandin tended to benefit patients with septic shock (HR: 0.46 [0.19; 1.07]; p = 0.07). CONCLUSION Patients who received echinocandins were more severely ill. Echinocandin use was associated with a non-significant 7% decrease of 28-day mortality and a trend to a beneficial effect for patient with septic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Bailly
- Inserm UMR 1137 - IAME Team 5 - DeSCID: Decision Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Control and Care INSERM/ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | | | - Elie Azoulay
- Medical ICU, Saint-Louis University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Montravers
- Paris Diderot Sorbonne Cite University, and Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Bichat-Claude Bernard University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Michel Constantin
- Perioperative Medicine Department, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Hervé Dupont
- Surgical ICU, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
| | - Didier Guillemot
- Inserm UMR 1181, Biostatistics, Biomathematics, Pharmacoepidemiology and Infectious Diseases, (B2PHI), F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Lortholary
- University Paris Descartes, Necker Pasteur Center for Infectious Diseases, Necker Enfants-Malades Hospital, IHU Imagine, Paris, France; Pasteur Institute, National Reference Center for Invasive Mycoses and Antifungals, CNRS URA3012, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Paul Mira
- Medical ICU, Cochin University Hospital, APHP, and Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Jean-François Timsit
- Inserm UMR 1137 - IAME Team 5 - DeSCID: Decision Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Control and Care INSERM/ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Paris, France; Medical ICU, Paris Diderot University/Bichat University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Leukemias are malignant proliferative disorders of the blood forming system. Sequencing studies demonstrate that the leukemic cell population consists of multiple clones. The genetic relationship between the different clones, referred to as the clonal hierarchy, shows high interindividual variability. So far, the source of this heterogeneity and its clinical relevance remain unknown. We propose a mathematical model to study the emergence and evolution of clonal heterogeneity in acute leukemias. The model allows linking properties of leukemic clones in terms of self-renewal and proliferation rates to the structure of the clonal hierarchy. RESULTS Computer simulations imply that the self-renewal potential of the first emerging leukemic clone has a major impact on the total number of leukemic clones and on the structure of their hierarchy. With increasing depth of the clonal hierarchy the self-renewal of leukemic clones increases, whereas the proliferation rates do not change significantly. The emergence of deep clonal hierarchies is a complex process that is facilitated by a cooperativity of different mutations. CONCLUSION Comparison of patient data and simulation results suggests that the self-renewal of leukemic clones increases with the emergence of clonal heterogeneity. The structure of the clonal hierarchy may serve as a marker for patient prognosis. REVIEWERS This article was reviewed by Marek Kimmel, Tommaso Lorenzi and Tomasz Lipniacki.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Stiehl
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany. .,Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany. .,Bioquant Center, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 297, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany.
| | - Christoph Lutz
- Department of Medicine V, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Anna Marciniak-Czochra
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany.,Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany.,Bioquant Center, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 297, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
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Zhang TT, Zhao XQ, Liu Z, Mao ZY, Bai L. Factors affecting the recurrence and survival of hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy: a retrospective study of 601 Chinese patients. Clin Transl Oncol 2015; 18:831-40. [PMID: 26577107 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-015-1446-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Indications for resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain controversial. This study aimed to identify prognostic factors that affect overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with HCC after hepatectomy. METHODS From 2004 to 2010, 601 patients with HCC who underwent resection were enrolled. Factors stratified into the host, biochemical, surgical treatment and tumor-related features in terms of recurrence and overall survival were analyzed. Prognostic factors were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses, with Kaplan-Meier survival analyses and Cox proportional hazard model. RESULTS The overall survival rates of 1-, 3- and 5- year were 79, 62, and 54 %, and the corresponding DFS rates were 51, 38 and 31 %, respectively. In a multivariate analysis, Child-Pugh, serum AFP level, ALT level, time for hepatic resection, tumor differentiation, maximum size of tumors, local necrosis, portal vein tumor thrombus, and TNM Stage were correlated significantly with patients' OS. Gender (P = 0.046), cigarette smoking (P = 0.007), serum AFP level (P = 0.001), GGT level (P = 0.002), maximum size of tumors (P = 0.009), liver cirrhosis (P = 0.025), portal vein tumor thrombus (P = 0.022), microvascular tumor thrombus (P = 0.007) and TNM Stage (P = 0.001) were significantly affected DFS. CONCLUSION Preoperative AFP level, maximum size of tumors, portal vein tumor thrombus and TNM Stage were revealed as important prognostic factors for OS and DFS through follow-up of a relatively large cohort of Chinese HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- T T Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - X Q Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Y Mao
- Department of Oncology, Air Force General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - L Bai
- Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China.
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Ruffalo M, Husseinzadeh H, Makishima H, Przychodzen B, Ashkar M, Koyutürk M, Maciejewski JP, LaFramboise T. Whole-exome sequencing enhances prognostic classification of myeloid malignancies. J Biomed Inform 2015; 58:104-113. [PMID: 26453823 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To date the standard nosology and prognostic schemes for myeloid neoplasms have been based on morphologic and cytogenetic criteria. We sought to test the hypothesis that a comprehensive, unbiased analysis of somatic mutations may allow for an improved classification of these diseases to predict outcome (overall survival). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We performed whole-exome sequencing (WES) of 274 myeloid neoplasms, including myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS, N=75), myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasia (MDS/MPN, N=33), and acute myeloid leukemia (AML, N=22), augmenting the resulting mutational data with public WES results from AML (N=144). We fit random survival forests (RSFs) to the patient survival and clinical/cytogenetic data, with and without gene mutation information, to build prognostic classifiers. A targeted sequencing assay was used to sequence predictor genes in an independent cohort of 507 patients, whose accompanying data were used to evaluate performance of the risk classifiers. RESULTS We show that gene mutations modify the impact of standard clinical variables on patient outcome, and therefore their incorporation hones the accuracy of prediction. The mutation-based classification scheme robustly predicted patient outcome in the validation set (log rank P=6.77 × 10(-21); poor prognosis vs. good prognosis categories HR 10.4, 95% CI 3.21-33.6). The RSF-based approach also compares favorably with recently-published efforts to incorporate mutational information for MDS prognosis. CONCLUSION The results presented here support the inclusion of mutational information in prognostic classification of myeloid malignancies. Our classification scheme is implemented in a publicly available web-based tool (http://myeloid-risk. CASE edu/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Ruffalo
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Holleh Husseinzadeh
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Hideki Makishima
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Bartlomiej Przychodzen
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Mohamed Ashkar
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Mehmet Koyutürk
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jaroslaw P Maciejewski
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Thomas LaFramboise
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Genetics and Genome Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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Wang X, Han L, Zhang J, Xia Q. Down-Regulated NRSN2 Promotes Cell Proliferation and Survival Through PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Dig Dis Sci 2015; 60:3011-8. [PMID: 26055238 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-015-3736-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Neurensin-2 (NRSN2) is a neuronal membrane protein; previous reports indicated that it might function as a tumor suppressor in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its biological functions and associated mechanisms remain unknown. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the biological functions and possible mechanisms of neurensin-2. METHODS The mRNA and protein level of NRSN2 in HCC has tissues and cell lines were detected by quantitative real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry staning and western blot. Overexpressing and silencing the level of NRSN2 in HCC cell lines were used to investigate the role of NRSN2 in HCC. CCK-8 assays, SA-β gel staining, Annexin V/PI staining, quantitative real-time PCR and western blot were employed to explore the role and mechanisms of HCC. RESULTS NRSN2 was more commonly down-regulated HCC tissues compared with adjacent tissues, and the expression pattern of NRSN2 was not only closely correlated with tumor size and TNM stage but also negatively correlated with patient prognosis. Both loss and gain function assays revealed that NRSN2 inhibits cancer cell proliferation and promotes cancer cell senescence and apoptosis. We further found that NRSN2 might regulate PI3K/AKT signaling and p53/p21 pathway to exert its role in HCC cell proliferation, senescence and apoptosis. CONCLUSION Our study validates the suppressive role of NRSN2 in both clinicopathologic and biological aspects in HCC tumorigenesis.
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