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Doherty JF, Ames T, Brewster LI, Chiang J, Cyr E, Kelsey CR, Lee JP, Liu B, Lo IHY, Nirwal GK, Mohammed YG, Phelan O, Seyfourian P, Shannon DM, Tochor NK, Matthews BJ. An update and review of arthropod vector sensory systems: Potential targets for behavioural manipulation by parasites and other disease agents. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2024; 124:57-89. [PMID: 38754927 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
For over a century, vector ecology has been a mainstay of vector-borne disease control. Much of this research has focused on the sensory ecology of blood-feeding arthropods (black flies, mosquitoes, ticks, etc.) with terrestrial vertebrate hosts. Of particular interest are the cues and sensory systems that drive host seeking and host feeding behaviours as they are critical for a vector to locate and feed from a host. An important yet overlooked component of arthropod vector ecology are the phenotypic changes observed in infected vectors that increase disease transmission. While our fundamental understanding of sensory mechanisms in disease vectors has drastically increased due to recent advances in genome engineering, for example, the advent of CRISPR-Cas9, and high-throughput "big data" approaches (genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, etc.), we still do not know if and how parasites manipulate vector behaviour. Here, we review the latest research on arthropod vector sensory systems and propose key mechanisms that disease agents may alter to increase transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tahnee Ames
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Jonathan Chiang
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Elsa Cyr
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Cameron R Kelsey
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jeehan Phillip Lee
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Bingzong Liu
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ivan Hok Yin Lo
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Gurleen K Nirwal
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Orna Phelan
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Parsa Seyfourian
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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2
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Arnoldi I, Villa M, Mancini G, Varotto-Boccazzi I, Yacoub MR, Asperti C, Mascheri A, Casiraghi S, Epis S, Bandi C, Dagna L, Forneris F, Gabrieli P. IgE response to Aed al 13 and Aed al 14 recombinant allergens from Aedes albopictus saliva in humans. World Allergy Organ J 2023; 16:100836. [PMID: 37965096 PMCID: PMC10641722 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2023.100836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mosquito bite is normally associated with mild allergic responses, but severe localized or systemic reactions are also possible. Reliable tools for the diagnosis of mosquito allergy are still unavailable. Here, we investigated the IgE response to 3 potential salivary allergens identified in the saliva of the tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus. Methods Serum from 55 adult individuals (28 controls and 27 allergic people), were analysed using an in-house Enzyme Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA) against the Salivary Gland Extract (SGE) and the recombinant proteins albD7l2 (Aed al 2), albAntigen5-3 (Aed al 13) and albLIPS-2 (Aed al 14). Results Fifteen of the 27 (56%) individuals having hypersensitive reactions to mosquito bites had IgE serum levels recognizing SGE. Negative sera did not show detectable levels of IgE targeting the SGE from the most common sympatric mosquito Culex pipiens. Among the positive individuals, 2 subjects displayed IgE targeting Aed al 2 (13%), while IgE recognizing Aed al 13 and Aed al 14 were detected in ten (67%) and seven (47%) individuals, respectively. Two sera from non-hypersensitive subjects had detectable levels of IgE targeting Aed al 13, suggesting possible cross-reaction with the homologue salivary proteins of multiple mosquito species or, more generally, of hematophagous insects. Conclusions Our results indicate that Aed al 13 and Aed al 14 hold the potential to be developed as tools for the diagnosis of allergy to Ae. albopictus bites. Such tools would facilitate epidemiological studies on tiger mosquito allergy in humans and might foster the development of further protein-based assays to investigate cross-species allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Arnoldi
- Entopar Lab, Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
- The Armenise-Harvard Laboratory of Structural Biology, Department Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9/A, 27100, Pavia, Italy
- Italian Malaria Network, Inter University Center for Malaria Research, University of Milan, Milan, 20133, Italy
- University School of Advanced Studies Pavia, IUSS, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Marta Villa
- Entopar Lab, Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Mancini
- The Armenise-Harvard Laboratory of Structural Biology, Department Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9/A, 27100, Pavia, Italy
- University School of Advanced Studies Pavia, IUSS, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Ilaria Varotto-Boccazzi
- Entopar Lab, Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
- Italian Malaria Network, Inter University Center for Malaria Research, University of Milan, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Mona-Rita Yacoub
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Asperti
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Ambra Mascheri
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Casiraghi
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Epis
- Entopar Lab, Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
- Italian Malaria Network, Inter University Center for Malaria Research, University of Milan, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Claudio Bandi
- Entopar Lab, Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
- Italian Malaria Network, Inter University Center for Malaria Research, University of Milan, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Dagna
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Forneris
- The Armenise-Harvard Laboratory of Structural Biology, Department Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9/A, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paolo Gabrieli
- Entopar Lab, Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
- Italian Malaria Network, Inter University Center for Malaria Research, University of Milan, Milan, 20133, Italy
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Huang Q, Gavor E, Tulsian NK, Fan J, Lin Q, Mok YK, Kini RM, Sivaraman J. Structural and functional characterization of Aedes aegypti pupal cuticle protein that controls dengue virus infection. Protein Sci 2023; 32:e4761. [PMID: 37593853 PMCID: PMC10510476 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
The pupal cuticle protein from Aedes aegypti (AaPC) inhibits dengue virus (DENV) infection; however, the underlying mechanism of this inhibition remains unknown. Here, we report that AaPC is an intrinsically disordered protein and interacts with domain I/II of the DENV envelope protein via residues Asp59, Asp61, Glu71, Asp73, Ser75, and Asp80. AaPC can directly bind to and cause the aggregation of DENV, which in turn blocks virus infection during the virus-cell fusion stage. AaPC may also influence viral recognition and attachment by interacting with human immune receptors DC-SIGN and CD4. These findings enhance our understanding of the role of AaPC in mitigating viral infection and suggest that AaPC is a potential target for developing inhibitors or antibodies to control dengue virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Huang
- Department of Biological SciencesNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Edem Gavor
- Department of Biological SciencesNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Nikhil Kumar Tulsian
- Department of Biological SciencesNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
- Department of BiochemistryNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Jingsong Fan
- Department of Biological SciencesNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Qingsong Lin
- Department of Biological SciencesNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Yu Keung Mok
- Department of Biological SciencesNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - R. Manjunatha Kini
- Department of Biological SciencesNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - J. Sivaraman
- Department of Biological SciencesNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
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Deshoux M, Monsion B, Pichon E, Jiménez J, Moreno A, Cayrol B, Thébaud G, Mugford ST, Hogenhout SA, Blanc S, Fereres A, Uzest M. Role of Acrostyle Cuticular Proteins in the Retention of an Aphid Salivary Effector. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315337. [PMID: 36499662 PMCID: PMC9736059 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
To avoid the activation of plant defenses and ensure sustained feeding, aphids are assumed to use their mouthparts to deliver effectors into plant cells. A recent study has shown that effectors detected near feeding sites are differentially distributed in plant tissues. However, the precise process of effector delivery into specific plant compartments is unknown. The acrostyle, a cuticular organ located at the tip of maxillary stylets that transiently binds plant viruses via its stylin proteins, may participate in this specific delivery process. Here, we demonstrate that Mp10, a saliva effector released into the plant cytoplasm during aphid probing, binds to the acrostyles of Acyrthosiphon pisum and Myzus persicae. The effector probably interacts with Stylin-03 as a lowered Mp10-binding to the acrostyle was observed upon RNAi-mediated reduction in Stylin-03 production. In addition, Stylin-03 and Stylin-01 RNAi aphids exhibited changes in their feeding behavior as evidenced by electrical penetration graph experiments showing longer aphid probing behaviors associated with watery saliva release into the cytoplasm of plant cells. Taken together, these data demonstrate that the acrostyle also has effector binding capacity and supports its role in the delivery of aphid effectors into plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maëlle Deshoux
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Baptiste Monsion
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Elodie Pichon
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Jaime Jiménez
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias (ICA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Calle Serrano 115dpdo, 28806 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aránzazu Moreno
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias (ICA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Calle Serrano 115dpdo, 28806 Madrid, Spain
| | - Bastien Cayrol
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Gaël Thébaud
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Sam T. Mugford
- John Innes Centre, Department of Crop Genetics, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | | | - Stéphane Blanc
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Alberto Fereres
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias (ICA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Calle Serrano 115dpdo, 28806 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.F.); (M.U.)
| | - Marilyne Uzest
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, 34000 Montpellier, France
- Correspondence: (A.F.); (M.U.)
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Paige AS, Duvall LB. Vector biology: A mosquito's deadly kiss on the LIPS. Curr Biol 2022; 32:R874-R876. [PMID: 35998594 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
A new study identifies a mosquito salivary protein that directly binds to a cuticular partner during biting to reshape the mosquito mouthparts, stimulate salivation and probing, and enhance blood-feeding efficiency. By affecting mosquito-host interactions, this phenomenon could influence pathogen transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Paige
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura B Duvall
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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