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Lian SL, Lu YT, Lu YJ, Yao YL, Wang XL, Jiang RQ. Tumor-associated macrophages promoting PD-L1 expression in infiltrating B cells through the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Am J Cancer Res 2024; 14:832-853. [PMID: 38455420 PMCID: PMC10915331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The inflammation-related tumor microenvironment (TME) is one of the major driving forces of hepatocarcinogenesis. We aimed to investigate cell-to-cell communication among Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) through re-analyzing HCC single-cell RNA-seq data, and to confirm such cellular interaction through in vitro and in vivo study. We found a subset of Regulatory B cells with PD-L1 expression (PD-L1+ Bregs), mainly located in adjacent HCC tissues. In co-localization with PD-L1+ Bregs, a subset of Tumor Associated Macrophages with high expression of CXCL12 (CXCL12+ TAMs) was also mainly located in adjacent HCC tissues. Moreover, CXCL12+ TAMs can be stimulated in vitro using an HCC conditional medium. Using CellChat analysis and Multiplex Immunohistochemistry staining (mIHC), CXCL12+ TAMs were found to be first recruited by Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs) through a CD74/macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) pattern, and further differentiated into TGF-β-enriched tissues. Furthermore, CXCL12+ TAMs recruited PD-L1+ Bregs via the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis, and CXCR4 expression was significantly positively correlated to PD-L1 expression in PD-L1+ Bregs. At last, we confirmed the communications among CAFs, Macrophages and B cells and their tumor-promoting effects by using an orthotopic mouse model of HCC. Immunosuppressive HCC TME involving cell-to-cell communications comprised MIF-secreting CAFs, CXCL12-secreting TAMs, and PD-L1-producing Bregs, and their regulation could be promising therapeutic targets in future immunotherapy for human HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen-Lin Lian
- Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093, Jiangsu, The People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun-Tao Lu
- Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093, Jiangsu, The People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi-Jun Lu
- Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093, Jiangsu, The People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong-Liang Yao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunshan First People’s Hospital, Affiliated to Jiangsu UniversityKunshan 215300, Jiangsu, The People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Lin Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225001, Jiangsu, The People’s Republic of China
| | - Run-Qiu Jiang
- Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093, Jiangsu, The People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093, Jiangsu, The People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093, Jiangsu, The People’s Republic of China
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Suvas PK, Setia M, Rana M, Chakraborty A, Suvas S. Novel characterization of CXCR4 expressing cells in uninfected and herpes simplex virus-1 infected corneas. Ocul Surf 2023; 28:99-107. [PMID: 36813133 PMCID: PMC10439974 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2023.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To characterize CXCR4-expressing cells in uninfected and herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) infected corneas. METHODS The corneas of C57BL/6J mice were infected with HSV-1 McKrae. The RT-qPCR assay detected CXCR4 and CXCL12 transcripts in uninfected and HSV-1-infected corneas. Immunofluorescence staining for CXCR4 and CXCL12 protein was performed in the frozen sections of herpes stromal keratitis (HSK) corneas. Flow cytometry assay characterized the CXCR4-expressing cells in uninfected and HSV-1-infected corneas. RESULTS Flow cytometry data showed CXCR4 expressing cells in the separated epithelium and stroma of uninfected corneas. In the uninfected stroma, CD11b + F4/80+ macrophages are the predominant CXCR4-expressing cells. In contrast, most CXCR4 expressing cells in the uninfected epithelium were CD207 (langerin)+, CD11c+, and expressed MHC class II molecule, documenting the Langerhans cells (LCs) phenotype. After corneal HSV-1 infection, CXCR4 and CXCL12 mRNA levels increased significantly in HSK corneas than in uninfected corneas. Immunofluorescence staining showed CXCR4 and CXCL12 protein localization in the newly formed blood vessels in the HSK cornea. Furthermore, the infection resulted in LCs proliferation, causing an increase in their numbers in the epithelium at 4 days post-infection (p.i.). However, by 9-day p.i., the LCs numbers declined to the counts observed in naïve corneal epithelium. Our results also showed neutrophils and vascular endothelial cells as the prominent CXCR4-expressing cell types in the stroma of HSK corneas. CONCLUSIONS Together, our data demonstrate the expression of CXCR4 on resident antigen presenting cells in the uninfected cornea and on infiltrating neutrophils and newly formed blood vessels in the HSK cornea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratima Krishna Suvas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Mizumi Setia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Mashidur Rana
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Anish Chakraborty
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Susmit Suvas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
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Khan P, Fatima M, Khan MA, Batra SK, Nasser MW. Emerging role of chemokines in small cell lung cancer: Road signs for metastasis, heterogeneity, and immune response. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 87:117-126. [PMID: 36371025 PMCID: PMC10199458 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a recalcitrant, relatively immune-cold, and deadly subtype of lung cancer. SCLC has been viewed as a single or homogenous disease that includes deletion or inactivation of the two major tumor suppressor genes (TP53 and RB1) as a key hallmark. However, recent sightings suggest the complexity of SCLC tumors that comprises highly dynamic multiple subtypes contributing to high intratumor heterogeneity. Furthermore, the absence of targeted therapies, the understudied tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), and subtype plasticity are also responsible for therapy resistance. Secretory chemokines play a crucial role in immunomodulation by trafficking immune cells to the tumors. Chemokines and cytokines modulate the anti-tumor immune response and wield a pro-/anti-tumorigenic effect on SCLC cells after binding to cognate receptors. In this review, we summarize and highlight recent findings that establish the role of chemokines in SCLC growth and metastasis, and sophisticated intratumor heterogeneity. We also discuss the chemokine networks that are putative targets or modulators for augmenting the anti-tumor immune responses in targeted or chemo-/immuno-therapeutic strategies, and how these combinations may be utilized to conquer SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvez Khan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Mahek Fatima
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Md Arafat Khan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Surinder Kumar Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Mohd Wasim Nasser
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
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4
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Dysregulated transforming growth factor-beta mediates early bone marrow dysfunction in diabetes. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1145. [DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04112-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractDiabetes affects select organs such as the eyes, kidney, heart, and brain. Our recent studies show that diabetes also enhances adipogenesis in the bone marrow and reduces the number of marrow-resident vascular regenerative stem cells. In the current study, we have performed a detailed spatio-temporal examination to identify the early changes that are induced by diabetes in the bone marrow. Here we show that short-term diabetes causes structural and molecular changes in the marrow, including enhanced adipogenesis in tibiae of mice, prior to stem cell depletion. This enhanced adipogenesis was associated with suppressed transforming growth factor-beta (TGFB) signaling. Using human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells, we show that TGFB pathway suppresses adipogenic differentiation through TGFB-activated kinase 1 (TAK1). These findings may inform the development of novel therapeutic targets for patients with diabetes to restore regenerative stem cell function.
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The Synergistic Cooperation between TGF-β and Hypoxia in Cancer and Fibrosis. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12050635. [PMID: 35625561 PMCID: PMC9138354 DOI: 10.3390/biom12050635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is a multifunctional cytokine regulating homeostasis and immune responses in adult animals and humans. Aberrant and overactive TGF-β signaling promotes cancer initiation and fibrosis through epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), as well as the invasion and metastatic growth of cancer cells. TGF-β is a key factor that is active during hypoxic conditions in cancer and is thereby capable of contributing to angiogenesis in various types of cancer. Another potent role of TGF-β is suppressing immune responses in cancer patients. The strong tumor-promoting effects of TGF-β and its profibrotic effects make it a focus for the development of novel therapeutic strategies against cancer and fibrosis as well as an attractive drug target in combination with immune regulatory checkpoint inhibitors. TGF-β belongs to a family of cytokines that exert their function through signaling via serine/threonine kinase transmembrane receptors to intracellular Smad proteins via the canonical pathway and in combination with co-regulators such as the adaptor protein and E3 ubiquitin ligases TRAF4 and TRAF6 to promote non-canonical pathways. Finally, the outcome of gene transcription initiated by TGF-β is context-dependent and controlled by signals exerted by other growth factors such as EGF and Wnt. Here, we discuss the synergistic cooperation between TGF-β and hypoxia in development, fibrosis and cancer.
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Li X, Zhang Q, Wang Z, Zhuang Q, Zhao M. Immune and Metabolic Alterations in Liver Fibrosis: A Disruption of Oxygen Homeostasis? Front Mol Biosci 2022; 8:802251. [PMID: 35187072 PMCID: PMC8850363 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.802251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the WHO, “cirrhosis of the liver” was the 11th leading cause of death globally in 2019. Many kinds of liver diseases can develop into liver cirrhosis, and liver fibrosis is the main pathological presentation of different aetiologies, including toxic damage, viral infection, and metabolic and genetic diseases. It is characterized by excessive synthesis and decreased decomposition of extracellular matrix (ECM). Hepatocyte cell death, hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation, and inflammation are crucial incidences of liver fibrosis. The process of fibrosis is also closely related to metabolic and immune disorders, which are usually induced by the destruction of oxygen homeostasis, including mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and hypoxia pathway activation. Mitochondria are important organelles in energy generation and metabolism. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are key factors activated when hypoxia occurs. Both are considered essential factors of liver fibrosis. In this review, the authors highlight the impact of oxygen imbalance on metabolism and immunity in liver fibrosis as well as potential novel targets for antifibrotic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Quyan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Quan Zhuang
- Transplantation Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Quan Zhuang, ; Mingyi Zhao,
| | - Mingyi Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Quan Zhuang, ; Mingyi Zhao,
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Xiao L, Wang Z, Lu N, Wei H, Kang J, Yuan M, Sheng X, Qi X, Xing K, Guo Y, Wang X, Zhao J, Gao Y, Ni H. Dihydrotestosterone through blockade of TGF-β/Smad signaling mediates the anti-fibrosis effect under hypoxia in canine Sertoli cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 216:106041. [PMID: 34864206 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.106041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The hypoxic microenvironment of cryptorchidism is an important factor to induce the impairment of the structure and function of Sertoli cells and thus lead to spermatogenesis loss or tumorigenesis. Dihydrotestosterone (DHT), as a potent nonaromatizable 5α-reduced androgen, has both positive and negative effect on pathological fibrosis process. However, it is still unknown whether DHT can regulate hypoxia-induced fibrosis of Sertoli cells. Herein, in this study, we evaluate the DHT level, two 5α-reductase isoforms, 5α-red1 and 5α-red2, as well as HIF-1α expression pattern in canine cryptorchidism and contralateral normal testis. Results showed that the abdominal testes presented low DHT levels and 5α-red1 and 5α-red2 expression, while significantly higher HIF-1α expression and ECM production compared with the scrotum. Moreover, we established a hypoxia-induced fibrosis model in canine Sertoli cells induced by cobalt chloride (CoCl2), and found that DHT inhibited the fibrosis of Sertoli cells in a dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, DHT interfered with the TGF-β signaling by reducing the expression of TGF-βRI and TGF-βRII and inhibiting the expression and phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3, while flutamide (androgen receptor inhibitor) inhibited these effects of DHT. Furthermore, use of LY2109761 (TGF-β receptor type I/II inhibitor) to interfere with the TGF-β/Smad pathway showed a similar effect with DHT suppression of the fibrosis in Sertoli cells. Our research data demonstrated that cryptorchidism is located in a hypoxic and DHT deficiency microenvironment. Moreover, supplementing DHT can alleviate the fibrosis process of Sertoli cells caused by hypoxia, which is associated with AR regulating the inhibition of TGF-β/Smad signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Xiao
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Zihui Wang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Lu
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Huawei Wei
- Beijing Detector Dog Developing Facility GACC, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Kang
- Guangdong Polytechnic of Science and Trade, Guangdong, China
| | - Mengyi Yuan
- Beijing Changping Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xihui Sheng
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolong Qi
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Xing
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Guo
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangguo Wang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China.
| | - Junjin Zhao
- National Grazing Headquarter, Beijing, China
| | - Yuping Gao
- People's Government of Xiacang Town, Jizhou District, Tianjin, China
| | - Hemin Ni
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China.
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Zhang D, Wang G, Qin L, Liu Q, Zhu S, Ye S, Li X, Wu Y, Hu Y, Liu S, Jiao Y, Sun L, Lv D, Ma J, Luo M, Yao M, Li M, Zhou L, Pei S, Li L, Shi D, Huang B. Restoring mammary gland structures and functions with autogenous cell therapy. Biomaterials 2021; 277:121075. [PMID: 34428734 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In somatic cell reprogramming, cells must escape the somatic cell-specific gene expression program to adopt other cell fates. Here, in vitro chemical induction with RepSox generated chemically induced mammary epithelial cells (CiMECs) with milk secreting functions from goat ear fibroblasts (GEFs). Transplanted CiMECs regenerated the normal mammary gland structure with milk-secreting functions in nude mice. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that during the reprogramming process, GEFs may sequentially undergo embryonic ectoderm (EE)-like and different MEC developmental states and finally achieve milk secreting functions, bypassing the pluripotent state. Mechanistically, Smad3 upregulation induced by transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) receptor 1 (TGFβR1) downregulation led to GEF reprogramming into CiMECs without other reprogramming factors. The TGFβR1-Smad3 regulatory effects will provide new insight into the TGFβ signaling pathway regulation of somatic cell reprogramming. These findings suggest an innovative strategy for autogenous cell therapy for mammary gland defects and the production of transgenic mammary gland bioreactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China; School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Guodong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China; School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Liangshan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China; School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Quanhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China; School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Shaoqian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China; School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Sheng Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China; School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Annoroad Gene Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Yulian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China; School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Yanan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China; School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Shulin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China; School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Yafei Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China; School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Longfei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China; School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Danwei Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China; School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Jiawen Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China; School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Man Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China; School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Mengcheng Yao
- Annoroad Gene Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Mengmei Li
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Surui Pei
- Annoroad Gene Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Lanyu Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine in Liver Injury and Repair, the Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, Guangxi, China
| | - Deshun Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China; School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China.
| | - Ben Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China; School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China.
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Hypoxia, Hypoxia-Inducible Factors and Liver Fibrosis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071764. [PMID: 34359934 PMCID: PMC8305108 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a potentially reversible pathophysiological event, leading to excess deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) components and taking place as the net result of liver fibrogenesis, a dynamic and highly integrated process occurring during chronic liver injury of any etiology. Liver fibrogenesis and fibrosis, together with chronic inflammatory response, are primarily involved in the progression of chronic liver diseases (CLD). As is well known, a major role in fibrogenesis and fibrosis is played by activated myofibroblasts (MFs), as well as by macrophages and other hepatic cell populations involved in CLD progression. In the present review, we will focus the attention on the emerging pathogenic role of hypoxia, hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) and related mediators in the fibrogenic progression of CLD.
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Conditioned medium-preconditioned EPCs enhanced the ability in oligovascular repair in cerebral ischemia neonatal rats. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:118. [PMID: 33579354 PMCID: PMC7881622 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02157-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oligovascular niche mediates interactions between cerebral endothelial cells and oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). Disruption of OPC-endothelium trophic coupling may aggravate the progress of cerebral white matter injury (WMI) because endothelial cells could not provide sufficient support under diseased conditions. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been reported to ameliorate WMI in the adult brain by boosting oligovascular remodeling. It is necessary to clarify the role of the conditioned medium from hypoxic endothelial cells preconditioned EPCs (EC-pEPCs) in WMI since EPCs usually were recruited and play important roles under blood-brain barrier disruption. Here, we investigated the effects of EC-pEPCs on oligovascular remodeling in a neonatal rat model of WMI. Methods In vitro, OPC apoptosis induced by the conditioned medium from oxygen-glucose deprivation-injured brain microvascular endothelial cells (OGD-EC-CM) was analyzed by TUNEL and FACS. The effects of EPCs on EC damage and the expression of cytomokine C-X-C motif ligand 12 (CXCL12) were examined by western blot and FACS. The effect of the CM from EC-pEPCs against OPC apoptosis was also verified by western blot and silencing RNA. In vivo, P3 rat pups were subjected to right common carotid artery ligation and hypoxia and treated with EPCs or EC-pEPCs at P7, and then angiogenesis and myelination together with cognitive outcome were evaluated at the 6th week. Results In vitro, EPCs enhanced endothelial function and decreased OPC apoptosis. Meanwhile, it was confirmed that OGD-EC-CM induced an increase of CXCL12 in EPCs, and CXCL12-CXCR4 axis is a key signaling since CXCR4 knockdown alleviated the anti-apoptosis effect of EPCs on OPCs. In vivo, the number of EPCs and CXCL12 protein level markedly increased in the WMI rats. Compared to the EPCs, EC-pEPCs significantly decreased OPC apoptosis, increased vascular density and myelination in the corpus callosum, and improved learning and memory deficits in the neonatal rat WMI model. Conclusions EC-pEPCs more effectively promote oligovascular remodeling and myelination via CXCL12-CXCR4 axis in the neonatal rat WMI model. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-021-02157-4.
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Korbecki J, Kojder K, Kapczuk P, Kupnicka P, Gawrońska-Szklarz B, Gutowska I, Chlubek D, Baranowska-Bosiacka I. The Effect of Hypoxia on the Expression of CXC Chemokines and CXC Chemokine Receptors-A Review of Literature. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020843. [PMID: 33467722 PMCID: PMC7830156 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is an integral component of the tumor microenvironment. Either as chronic or cycling hypoxia, it exerts a similar effect on cancer processes by activating hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) and nuclear factor (NF-κB), with cycling hypoxia showing a stronger proinflammatory influence. One of the systems affected by hypoxia is the CXC chemokine system. This paper reviews all available information on hypoxia-induced changes in the expression of all CXC chemokines (CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3, CXCL4, CXCL5, CXCL6, CXCL7, CXCL8 (IL-8), CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, CXCL12 (SDF-1), CXCL13, CXCL14, CXCL15, CXCL16, CXCL17) as well as CXC chemokine receptors—CXCR1, CXCR2, CXCR3, CXCR4, CXCR5, CXCR6, CXCR7 and CXCR8. First, we present basic information on the effect of these chemoattractant cytokines on cancer processes. We then discuss the effect of hypoxia-induced changes on CXC chemokine expression on the angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis and recruitment of various cells to the tumor niche, including myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs), regulatory T cells (Tregs) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Finally, the review summarizes data on the use of drugs targeting the CXC chemokine system in cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Korbecki
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (P.K.); (P.K.); (D.C.)
| | - Klaudyna Kojder
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-281 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Patrycja Kapczuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (P.K.); (P.K.); (D.C.)
| | - Patrycja Kupnicka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (P.K.); (P.K.); (D.C.)
| | - Barbara Gawrońska-Szklarz
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Izabela Gutowska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Dariusz Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (P.K.); (P.K.); (D.C.)
| | - Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (P.K.); (P.K.); (D.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-914661515
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Otsuka H, Endo Y, Ohtsu H, Inoue S, Noguchi S, Nakamura M, Soeta S. Histidine decarboxylase deficiency inhibits NBP-induced extramedullary hematopoiesis by modifying bone marrow and spleen microenvironments. Int J Hematol 2021; 113:348-361. [PMID: 33398631 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-020-03051-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Histidine decarboxylase (HDC), a histamine synthase, is expressed in various hematopoietic cells and is induced by hematopoietic cytokines such as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). We previously showed that nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate (NBP)-treatment induces extramedullary hematopoiesis via G-CSF stimulation. However, the function of HDC in NBP-induced medullary and extramedullary hematopoiesis remains unclear. Here, we investigated changes in hematopoiesis in wild-type and HDC-deficient (HDC-KO) mice. NBP treatment did not induce anemia in wild-type or HDC-KO mice, but did produce a gradual increase in serum G-CSF levels in wild-type mice. NBP treatment also enhanced Hdc mRNA expression and erythropoiesis in the spleen and reduced erythropoiesis in bone marrow and the number of vascular adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1)-positive macrophages in wild-type mice, as well as increased the levels of hematopoietic progenitor cells and proliferating cells in the spleen and enhanced expression of bone morphogenetic protein 4 (Bmp4), CXC chemokine ligand 12 (Cxcl12), and hypoxia inducible factor 1 (Hif1) in the spleen. However, such changes were not observed in HDC-KO mice. These results suggest that histamine may affect hematopoietic microenvironments of the bone marrow and spleen by changing hematopoiesis-related factors in NBP-induced extramedullary hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotada Otsuka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonancho,Musashino-shi, Tokyo, 180-8602, Japan
| | - Yasuo Endo
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryomachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai-shi, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ohtsu
- Tekiju Rehabilitation Hospital, 2-11-32 Hanayamacho, Nagata-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo, 653-0876, Japan.,Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryomachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai-shi, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Developmental Biology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Syunya Noguchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Masanori Nakamura
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Developmental Biology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Satoshi Soeta
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonancho,Musashino-shi, Tokyo, 180-8602, Japan.
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Liu J, Dou Q, Zhou C, Zhou L, Zhao F, Xu L, Xu Z, Ge Y, Wu R, Jia R. Low-energy shock wave pretreatment recruit circulating endothelial progenitor cells to attenuate renal ischaemia reperfusion injury. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:10589-10603. [PMID: 32761803 PMCID: PMC7521246 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Low‐energy shock wave (LESW) has been recognized as a promising non‐invasive intervention to prevent the organs or tissues against ischaemia reperfusion injury (IRI), whereas its effect on kidney injury is rarely explored. To investigate the protective role of pretreatment with LESW on renal IRI in rats, animals were randomly divided into Sham, LESW, IRI and LESW + IRI groups. At 4, 12, 24 hours and 3 and 7 days after reperfusion, serum samples and renal tissues were harvested for performing the analysis of renal function, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry and Western blot, as well as enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Moreover, circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) were isolated, labelled with fluorescent dye and injected by tail vein. The fluorescent signals of EPCs were detected using fluorescence microscope and in vivo imaging system to track the distribution of injected circulating EPCs. Results showed that pretreatment with LESW could significantly reduce kidney injury biomarkers, tubular damage, and cell apoptosis, and promote cell proliferation and vascularization in IRI kidneys. The renoprotective role of LESW pretreatment would be attributed to the remarkably increased EPCs in the treated kidneys, part of which were recruited from circulation through SDF‐1/CXCR7 pathway. In conclusion, pretreatment with LESW could increase the recruitment of circulating EPCs to attenuate and repair renal IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Liu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Quanliang Dou
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Changcheng Zhou
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liuhua Zhou
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Luwei Xu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuzheng Ge
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ran Wu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruipeng Jia
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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14
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Novo E, Bocca C, Foglia B, Protopapa F, Maggiora M, Parola M, Cannito S. Liver fibrogenesis: un update on established and emerging basic concepts. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 689:108445. [PMID: 32524998 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Liver fibrogenesis is defined as a dynamic and highly integrated process occurring during chronic injury to liver parenchyma that can result in excess deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e., liver fibrosis). Liver fibrogenesis, together with chronic inflammatory response, is then primarily involved in the progression of chronic liver diseases (CLD) irrespective of the specific etiology. In the present review we will first offer a synthetic and updated overview of major basic concepts in relation to the role of myofibroblasts (MFs), macrophages and other hepatic cell populations involved in CLD to then offer an overview of established and emerging issues and mechanisms that have been proposed to favor and/or promote CLD progression. A special focus will be dedicated to selected issues that include emerging features in the field of cholangiopathies, the emerging role of genetic and epigenetic factors as well as of hypoxia, hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) and related mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Novo
- University of Torino, Dept. Clinical and Biological Sciences, Unit of Experimental Medicine and Clinical Pathology, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Claudia Bocca
- University of Torino, Dept. Clinical and Biological Sciences, Unit of Experimental Medicine and Clinical Pathology, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Beatrice Foglia
- University of Torino, Dept. Clinical and Biological Sciences, Unit of Experimental Medicine and Clinical Pathology, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Francesca Protopapa
- University of Torino, Dept. Clinical and Biological Sciences, Unit of Experimental Medicine and Clinical Pathology, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Marina Maggiora
- University of Torino, Dept. Clinical and Biological Sciences, Unit of Experimental Medicine and Clinical Pathology, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Maurizio Parola
- University of Torino, Dept. Clinical and Biological Sciences, Unit of Experimental Medicine and Clinical Pathology, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125, Torino, Italy.
| | - Stefania Cannito
- University of Torino, Dept. Clinical and Biological Sciences, Unit of Experimental Medicine and Clinical Pathology, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125, Torino, Italy
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