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Balhaddad AA, AlGhamdi N, Alqahtani M, Alsulaiman OA, Alshammari A, Farraj MJ, Alsulaiman AA. Predictors of procedural errors in class II resin composite restorations using bitewing radiographs. Saudi Dent J 2024; 36:638-644. [PMID: 38690396 PMCID: PMC11056429 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To identify the potential factors that induce procedural errors during posterior proximal resin composite restorations placed by dental students. Materials and Methods This retrospective study evaluated 803 bitewing radiographs of posterior proximal resin composite restorations placed by dental students at Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University. Atypical radiographic signs of failure were screened, and different patient-, operator-, and clinical-related factors were recorded. Chi-square test was used to examine the relationship between procedural errors and recorded factors. Stepwise adjusted logistic regression model was performed to identify predictors of procedural errors. Results The most observed errors were internal gaps at the bonding interface and internal voids. Molars had 0.39 the risk of internal voids (odds ratio [OR] = 0.39; confidence interval [CI] = 0.25-0.60; P = <0.0001), 0.41 the risk of sharp angle (OR = 0.41; CI = 0.24-0.68; P = <0.001), and 0.57 the risk of open contact (OR = 0.57; CI = 0.34-0.97; P = 0.04) compared to premolars. Those who were >40 years of age had 1.79 the risk of overhang compared to younger patients (OR = 1.79; CI = 1.04-3.11; P = <0.04). First molars and premolars had 0.64 the risk of overhang compared to second molars and premolars (OR = 0.64; CI = 0.41-1.00; P = 0.04). Junior students had 1.97 the risk of internal gap compared to their senior counterparts (OR = 1.97; CI = 1.20-3.21; P = 0.008). Mesial restorations had 0.38 the risk of external gap compared to mesio-occluso-distal (MOD) restorations (OR = 0.38; CI = 0.19-0.78; P = 0.003). Restorations with a margin coronal to the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) had 0.44 the risk of external gap compared to those restorations with a margin apical to the CEJ (OR = 0.44; CI = 0.29-0.66; P = <0.0001). Conclusion Our findings suggested a higher incidence of procedural errors in restoring premolars and MOD cavity preparations. Therefore, it is crucial to enhance the comprehensiveness of laboratory training and expose students to diverse clinical scenarios and various techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman A. Balhaddad
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawaf AlGhamdi
- Internship Program, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alqahtani
- Internship Program, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama A. Alsulaiman
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Alshammari
- Dental Hospital, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malik J. Farraj
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A. Alsulaiman
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
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Körner P, Gerber SC, Gantner C, Hamza B, Wegehaupt FJ, Attin T, Deari S. A laboratory pilot study on voids in flowable bulk-fill composite restorations in bovine Class-II and endodontic access cavities after sonic vibration. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18557. [PMID: 37899381 PMCID: PMC10613617 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45836-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
This pilot study investigated whether sonic-powered application of a bulk-fill resin-based composite (RBC) in Class-II or endodontic access cavities reduces void formation. The crowns and roots of 60 bovine teeth with Class-II cavities (C) and endodontic access cavities (E) respectively, were assigned to ten groups (C1-C5, E1-E5). Cavities were filled with RBC (SDR flow + , one increment) using different application techniques: no adaptation (C1 + E1), spreading of RBC on the cavity surfaces with a dental explorer tip (C2 + E2), low (C3 + E3) or high frequency (C4 + E4) direct activation by inserting a sonic-powered tip into RBC and high frequency indirect activation with an ultrasonic insertion tip (C5 + E5). The restorations were light-cured and investigated for voids using microtomography. The number of voids and percentage of voids related to the volume were statistically analysed (α < 0.05). While most voids in Class-II restorations were observed in C4 (p ≤ 0.0031), no significant differences were found between the other groups (p > 0.05). The percentage of voids showed no differences in E1-E5 (p > 0.05). C4 showed a significantly higher percentage of voids compared to C2 (p < 0.001). There is no benefit in applying sonic vibration when filling Class-II or endodontic access cavities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Körner
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Sandra C Gerber
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cindy Gantner
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Blend Hamza
- Clinic of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Florian J Wegehaupt
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Attin
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Shengjile Deari
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland
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Kim YS, Baek SH, Kim RJY. Effect of vibration during bulk and incremental filling on adaptation of a bulk-fill composite resin. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21652. [PMID: 36522452 PMCID: PMC9755266 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26197-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of vibration on adaptation of bulk-fill composite resin. A scanning laser doppler vibrometer measured the frequency and amplitude of a vibratory device (COMO; B&L Biotech) used for resin placement and visualized its effect on the resin according to depth. A bulk-fill composite resin (Filtek Bulk Fill; 3M ESPE) was placed in simulated cavities (4 mm diameter, 4 mm depth) by different layering methods (incremental filling with two 2-mm-thick layers vs. bulk filling with a single 4-mm-thick layer). The groups were further divided based on the application of vibration during restoration (no vibration vs. vibration). In addition to the surface void area at the cavity floor, the overall void volume and the void volumes of the bottom, middle, and top thirds were obtained for micro-computed tomography analysis. The frequency and amplitude of the COMO were approximately 149 Hz and between 26 and 51 µm, respectively. When vibration was not applied, incremental filling had a lower void volume in the bottom third of the cavity than did bulk filling (p < 0.05). Vibration applied with a 4-mm-thick bulk fill had no significant effect on the adaptation of composite resin (p > 0.05). In contrast, vibration reduced the amount of void formation in the bottom third of the cavity during incremental filling (p < 0.05). Application of vibration to resin with a 2-mm incremental-layering technique formed a smaller void at the interface between the cavity and resin and within the bulk-fill composite resin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Soo Kim
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ho Baek
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ryan Jin Young Kim
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Krajangta N, Ninbanjong S, Khosook S, Chaitontuak K, Klaisiri A. Effects of Immediate Coating on Unset Composite with Different Bonding Agents to Surface Hardness. Eur J Dent 2022; 16:828-832. [PMID: 35181872 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1740221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study evaluated the surface microhardness of composite, affected by surface coating with different dental adhesive systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 100 composite discs were divided into five groups. Group 1 was uncoated (control group C), and groups 2 to 5 were coated with different adhesive systems (OptiBond FL: FL, OptiBond SOLO Plus: SOLO, OptiBond XTR: XTR, and OptiBond All in one: AIO, respectively). The Vickers microhardness (VHN) was measured without and with 500 thermocycles. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS The data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's posthoc test at the 95% confidence level. RESULTS At 24 hours, the VHN of C (59.96 ± 3.68) and FL (59.83 ± 4.54) were significantly higher than SOLO (51.73 ± 4.63) and AIO (51.45 ± 4.11). The VHN of XTR (54.96 ± 3.68) was not significant compared with that of C and all other groups. After thermocycling, VHN were significantly decreased in all groups. However, there were no significant differences among all groups. CONCLUSIONS At 24 hours, composite coated with different adhesive systems have different effects to VHN. Thermocycling all adhesive resin systems coated on composite surface significantly decreased the VHN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nantawan Krajangta
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand.,Thammasat University Research Unit in Restorative and Esthetic Dentistry, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Supissara Ninbanjong
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | | | | | - Awiruth Klaisiri
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand.,Thammasat University Research Unit in Restorative and Esthetic Dentistry, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
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Hardan L, Sidawi L, Akhundov M, Bourgi R, Ghaleb M, Dabbagh S, Sokolowski K, Cuevas-Suárez CE, Lukomska-Szymanska M. One-Year Clinical Performance of the Fast-Modelling Bulk Technique and Composite-Up Layering Technique in Class I Cavities. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1873. [PMID: 34200021 PMCID: PMC8200224 DOI: 10.3390/polym13111873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the one year clinical performance of a new application method, the Fast-Modelling Bulk Technique (FMBT), in comparison to the Composite-Up Layering Technique (CULT) in posterior cavities. Thirty patients with two class I cavities on permanent human molars were enrolled in the present study. A total of sixty class I cavities were prepared and randomly divided according to the restoration technique used: 30 cavities restored by incremental layering technique and modelling of the last layer with Composite-Up Technique (CUT) using the composite Filtek Z250XT (3M ESPE; St. Paul, MN, USA) and the other 30 restored by Bulk Filling technique and modelling of the last layer by Fast-Modelling Technique (FMT) using the composite Filtek Bulk Fill Posterior Restorative (3M ESPE; St. Paul, MN, USA). Restorations were evaluated for up to one year by two observers according to Federation Dentaire Internationale (FDI) criteria, through clinical and radiological exams. Exact Fisher tests were used for statistical analysis. (p ≤ 0.05). From a biological perspective, at baseline, teeth restored with both techniques did not reveal any postoperative sensitivity. However, with time, FMBT showed less postoperative sensitivity and therefore more desirable results than CULT with a nonsignificant difference after one year (p > 0.05). Concerning secondary caries, fracture of the material, and marginal adaptation, no significant difference was noted between both techniques (p > 0.05). Regarding marginal staining, CULT resulted in more staining with a significant difference, as compared to FMBT (p < 0.05). Upon radiological examination, FMBT showed a good marginal fit during the first year, whereas CULT showed small empty voids from baseline with a nonsignificant difference (p = 1.00). After one year of clinical function, both techniques showed promising results. The present study indicates that the new FMBT could have a positive effect on the marginal staining of resin composite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Hardan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon; (L.H.); (R.B.); (M.G.); (S.D.)
| | - Layla Sidawi
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon;
| | - Murad Akhundov
- Dental Update Clinic, Mammad Araz Street 102, Baku AZ 1069, Azerbaijan;
| | - Rim Bourgi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon; (L.H.); (R.B.); (M.G.); (S.D.)
| | - Maroun Ghaleb
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon; (L.H.); (R.B.); (M.G.); (S.D.)
| | - Sarah Dabbagh
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon; (L.H.); (R.B.); (M.G.); (S.D.)
| | - Krzysztof Sokolowski
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Carlos Enrique Cuevas-Suárez
- Dental Materials Laboratory, Academic Area of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Circuito Ex Hacienda La Concepción S/N, San Agustín Tlaxiaca 42160, Hidalgo, Mexico;
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Nano-CT as tool for characterization of dental resin composites. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15520. [PMID: 32968120 PMCID: PMC7511412 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72599-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Technological advances have made it possible to examine dental resin composites using 3D nanometer resolution. This investigation aims to characterize existing dental nano-hybrid and micro-hybrid resin composites through comparing and contrasting nano-computed tomography (nano-CT) with micro-CT and high-resolution SEM images. Eight commercially available and widely used dental resin composites, 2 micro-hybrid and 6 nano-hybrid were researched. Cured samples were examined and characterized using nano-CT (resolution 450 nm) and compared with micro-CT images (resolution 2 µm). Acquired images were reconstructed and image analysis was carried out to determine porosity and pore morphology. A comprehensive comparison of scanning micrograph images unsurprisingly revealed that the nano-CT images displayed greater detail of the ultrastructure of cured dental resin composites. Filler particle diameters and its volumes were lower when measured using nano-CT, porosity being higher where analysed at higher resolution. There were large variations between the examined materials. Fewer voids were found in Tetric EvoCeram and IPS Empress Direct, the smallest pores being found in Universal XTE and Tetric EvoCeram. Nano-CT was successfully used to investigate the morphology of dental resin composites and showed that micro-CT gives a lower porosity and pore size but overestimates filler particle size. There were large discrepancies between the tested composites. Evidence of porosities and pores within a specimen is a critical finding and it might have a detrimental effect on a material’s clinical performance.
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Roberts H, Fuentealba R, Brewster J. Microtomographic Analysis of Resin Composite Core Material Porosity. J Prosthodont 2020; 29:623-630. [PMID: 32180298 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To nondestructively evaluate the porosity of ten contemporary resin composite core materials using microtomographic (microCT) analysis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Resin composite core material samples (n = 12) including dual-cure, visible light cure only, and a self-cure material were fabricated using a standardized mold following manufacturer's recommendations. After storage in phosphate buffered saline for one week, specimens were analyzed using a microCT unit at 5.3-µm resolution over a rotational range of 360°. Image 3D recombination and analysis was accomplished using microCT software. Evaluated parameters included material volume investigated, closed pore number and volume, as well as closed pore percentage. Parameter mean values were evaluated with Kruskal-Wallis/Dunn at a 95% confidence level (α = 0.05). RESULTS Mean percent total porosity with standard deviation identified significant differences in decreasing order as Ti-Core: 2.2 (0.4) > Ti-Core Auto E: 1.3 (0.3) = Ti-Core Flow Plus: 1.1 (0.02) > Clearfil Photo Core: 0.94 (0.5) = Clearfil DC Core Plus: 0.6 (0.18) = MultiCore Flow: 0.58 (0.1) > Fluorocore 2+: 0.14 (0.2) = Build-It FR: 0.068 (0.02) = Gradia Core: 0.03 (0.02) = Rebilda DC: 0.02 (0.01). A pilot microCT evaluation evaluating a mixing tip revealed incomplete mixture between the two resins with porosity introduced from turbulence as the materials are forced through the tip during preparation. CONCLUSIONS A wide range of porosity was identified between the ten materials evaluated. These preliminary results warrant more investigation evaluating additional resin composite core materials, the preparation capabilities of automix tips, and porosity presence in the unmixed materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howard Roberts
- Division of Restorative Dentistry, University of Kentucky College of Dentistry, Lexington, KY.,Postgraduate Dental College, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Biloxi, MS
| | - Rodrigo Fuentealba
- Division of Prosthodontics, University of Kentucky College of Dentistry, Lexington, KY
| | - John Brewster
- Postgraduate Dental College, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Biloxi, MS
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Carvalho AA, Leite MM, Zago JKM, Nunes CABCM, Barata TDJE, Freitas GCD, Torres ÉMD, Lopes LG. Influence of different application protocols of universal adhesive system on the clinical behavior of Class I and II restorations of composite resin - a randomized and double-blind controlled clinical trial. BMC Oral Health 2019; 19:252. [PMID: 31752813 PMCID: PMC6868695 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0913-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Multimode adhesives incorporate the versatility of adapting to various clinical situations by its capacity to be used in different protocols. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical behavior of composite resin direct restorations (Class I and II) performed with different universal dentin adhesive application protocols comparing adapted FDI and adapted USPHS criteria. Methods The current study is a randomized, double-blind, split-mouth, and convenience sample controlled clinical trial. The participants (age ≥ 18 years) had restorative need of Class I and/or II due to the presence of carious lesions and/or unsatisfactory restorations in at least three dental elements. Each participant received three application protocols for Scotchbond Universal adhesive (3M ESPE), one in each tooth to be restored: ER = etch-and-rinse + adhesive (n = 50); SEE = selective enamel etch + adhesive (n = 50) and SE = self-etch adhesive (n = 50). All teeth were restored in a similar way using Filtek™ Supreme composite resin (3M ESPE). Restorations were evaluated using the adapted FDI and adapted USPHS criteria, at baseline after 7 to 21 (12.02 ± 5.68) days (T1; n = 50 per group) and after 12 to 20 (15.8 ± 2.7) months (T2; n = 46 per group) by two previously calibrated evaluators (Kappa > 0.80). The statistical tests were performed between groups (Friedman), intragroup (Wilcoxon), and between the criteria considering acceptable and not acceptable restorations (McNemar), α = 0.05. Results A statistically significant difference was observed only for the property “superficial staining”, between groups at T2 (p = 0.01) for ER (n = 13 with score 2 or more) and SEE (n = 3 with score 2 or more) and intragroup for ER (T1, n = 1 with score 2 or more; T2, n = 13 with score 2 or more, p = 0.001) and SE (T1, n = 0 with score 2 or more; T2, n = 8 with score 2 or more p = 0.007). For the other comparisons between groups, intragroup, and between the adapted FDI and adapted USPHS criteria, there were no statistically significant differences (p ≥ 0.05). Conclusions It can be concluded that the different application protocols of the universal adhesive resulted in clinically “acceptable” restorations after 15.8 ± 2.7 months of follow-up. Adapted FDI and adapted USPHS criteria provided similar results to each other. Trial registration. Number in Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC): RBR-9p3hdp. Registered 24 May 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Assis Carvalho
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Praça Universitária, s/n, Faculdade de Odontologia, Setor Universitário, Goiânia-GO, CEP 74605220, Brazil.
| | - Murillo Martins Leite
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Praça Universitária, s/n, Faculdade de Odontologia, Setor Universitário, Goiânia-GO, CEP 74605220, Brazil
| | - Jessica Karla Maia Zago
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Praça Universitária, s/n, Faculdade de Odontologia, Setor Universitário, Goiânia-GO, CEP 74605220, Brazil
| | | | - Terezinha de Jesus Esteves Barata
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Praça Universitária, s/n, Faculdade de Odontologia, Setor Universitário, Goiânia-GO, CEP 74605220, Brazil
| | - Gersinei Carlos de Freitas
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Praça Universitária, s/n, Faculdade de Odontologia, Setor Universitário, Goiânia-GO, CEP 74605220, Brazil
| | - Érica Miranda de Torres
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Praça Universitária, s/n, Faculdade de Odontologia, Setor Universitário, Goiânia-GO, CEP 74605220, Brazil
| | - Lawrence Gonzaga Lopes
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Praça Universitária, s/n, Faculdade de Odontologia, Setor Universitário, Goiânia-GO, CEP 74605220, Brazil
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Petersen RC, Reddy MS, Liu PR. Fiber-Reinforced Composites: A Breakthrough in Practical Clinical Applications with Advanced Wear Resistance for Dental Materials. EC DENTAL SCIENCE 2018; 17:430-459. [PMID: 31552397 PMCID: PMC6758937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Newer dental fiber-reinforced composites can provide service with less wear than enamel. Further, fibers in bulk molding form pack oriented parallel to the occlusal-dentinal floor planes that wear by uniform thinning into micrometer-sized fiber remnants and subsequent flat plate-like particulate bond by compression back into the polymer matrix. The fiber wear-in process is accomplished by creating fine crystalline chemically resistant nanoparticulates that become an exceptional polishing agent. Resulting consolidation by the underlying fiber network squeezes plasticized polymer and partially hydrolyzed polymer chains along with residual monomer, pendant methacrylate groups and nano-sized particulate to the surface that surround larger exposed micrometer-sized particulate and smallest fiber remnants. Eventually consolidation of the polymer matrix overall squeezes up and engulfs the top particulate or fiber remnants forming a smooth polished hard polymer-matrix composite wear surface probably filled with small nanoparticulate. The final hardened polymer surface may show particulate from worn fibers, but displays no signs of the original fibers after an in vitro wear simulator test comparable to 3 years of clinical service. Nanoparticulates formed from the fibers that have broken down generally reconsolidate back in to the top surface for a polished toughened polymer surface or behave as a polishing agent. The underlying fiber-reinforced composite network supports wear loads to greatly reduce wear especially as fibers extend well beyond a critical length that prevents fiber debonding from the matrix. Further, fiber-reinforced composite consolidation can aid in cavity molding placement by applied pressure to squeeze monomer, resin and particulates from the fiber network toward collapsing or filling in voids and removing entrapped air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard C Petersen
- Biomaterials and Restorative Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, United States of America
| | - Michael S Reddy
- Office of the Dean, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, United States of America
| | - Perng-Ru Liu
- Restoraive Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, United States of America
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Hirata R, Pacheco RR, Caceres E, Janal MN, Romero MF, Giannini M, Coelho PG, Rueggeberg FA. Effect of Sonic Resin Composite Delivery on Void Formation Assessed by Micro-computed Tomography. Oper Dent 2018; 43:144-150. [PMID: 29394140 DOI: 10.2341/16-331-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to quantify the internal void volume formation in commercially available, resin composites inserted using conventional or sonic insertion methods, and analyzed using three-dimensional (3D) micro-computed tomography (μCT). METHODS AND MATERIALS Four resin composites were evaluated: one conventional (Herculite, Ultra, Kerr Corporation, Orange, CA, USA), one flowable bulk fill (SureFil SDR Flow, Dentsply International, York, PA, USA), and two packable bulk fill (SonicFill, Kerr Corporation, and Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill, Ivoclar Vivadent Inc, Schaan, Liechtenstein). Eight groups were evaluated according to each resin composite type and insertion method (conventional or sonic; n=5). Forty ABS 3D-printed cylindrical molds, 5.0 mm in diameter and 4.0 mm in depth, were fabricated. For the conventional resin composite, the mold was filled incrementally (two layers), while for bulk-fill resin composites, insertion was performed in a single increment. The sonic insertion method was performed using a specific handpiece (SonicFill Handpiece, Kerr Corporation). Resin composites were light cured using a multipeak light-emitting diode light-curing unit (VALO, Ultradent Products Inc, South Jordan, UT, USA) in its regular mode. Samples were evaluated by μCT, and data were imported into software (Amira, version 5.5.2, VSG, Burlington, MA, USA) for 3D reconstruction, from which the percentage of void volume was calculated. Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc test at a preset alpha of 0.05. RESULTS The conventional insertion method resulted in reduced porosity, compared with sonic insertion, for SureFil SDR Flow and Tetric EvoCeram bulk fill. The sonic insertion method did not demonstrate any influence on void formation for Herculite Ultra or SonicFill. CONCLUSION Results suggest that the sonic insertion method might increase void formation during resin composite delivery, depending on restorative material brand.
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Nahedh HA, Sibai NS. Evaluation of Interfacial Gap Volume of Two Low-shrinkage Composites Using Micro-Computed Tomography. Oper Dent 2017; 42:658-668. [PMID: 29144874 DOI: 10.2341/15-301-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the efficacy of X-ray micro-computed tomography (μCT) in the detection and quantification of interfacial gap formation in standardized Class I and Class II resin composite restorations, to compare the interfacial gaps for two low-shrinkage resin composites with a methacrylate composite material, and to determine any correlation between the cavity configuration factor (C-factor) and the volume of gaps formed. METHODS AND MATERIALS Sixty standardized Class I and Class II cavities were prepared and divided into six groups. Three types of composites, with their recommended self-etching adhesive systems, were used: Filtek Z250 XT; Estelite Sigma Quick; and Filtek P90. Each of the composite materials was placed in 10 Class I and 10 Class II cavities. The specimens were digitized using Skyscan 1172 μCT. They were examined for gap volume measurements, the thickness of the adhesive layer, and location of interfacial gaps. RESULTS There was a significant difference in the mean gap volume percentages of the three materials. The gap volume percent of Estelite Sigma quick was significantly lower than that of Filtek P90. No significant difference in the mean gap volume percentages of Class I and Class II restorations was found, except for Estelite Sigma Quick, in which the Class I gap volume percentage was higher than that of the Class II restorations. CONCLUSIONS μCT is an efficacious tool for the measurement of volumetric gaps formed at the tooth/restoration interface and for the evaluation of the adhesive layer. The differences in the C-factor do not always have a pronounced effect on the gap volumes of low-shrinkage composites.
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Petersen RC. Important Dental Fiber-Reinforced Composite Molding Compound Breakthroughs. EC DENTAL SCIENCE 2017; 2017:52-58. [PMID: 29285526 PMCID: PMC5743211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
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Microleakage Evaluation of Composite Restorations Following Papain-Based Chemo-Mechanical Caries Removal in Primary Teeth. J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017; 41:53-61. [PMID: 28052208 DOI: 10.17796/1053-4628-41.1.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the microleakage of composite restorations following Papain-based chemo-mechanical caries removal compared to the conventional drilling method. The characteristic of the hybrid layer was also studied using scanning electron microscopy. STUDY DESIGN The sample included thirty freshly extracted and exfoliated primary molars with open proximal carious dentin lesions. Teeth were divided into two equal groups, according to method of caries removal. Following caries removal, cavity preparations were restored with composite resin. After thermocycling, teeth were sealed apically and coated with nail polish except the surface of restorations and the surrounding 1mm. Teeth were immersed in basic fuschin dye solution, then they were sectioned mesiodistally. The extent of dye penetration was detected using a light stereomicroscope. After microleakage test, the resin/dentin interface was examined using scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS There was no significant difference in the degree of leakage between both groups. In the Papacarie group, longer and numerous resin tags were observed with statistically significant thicker hybrid layer than those following the drilling method. However, there was no significant difference between the diameters of resin tags of both groups. CONCLUSIONS Papacarie does not adversely affect the microleakage of composite restorations and provides a suitable surface for bonding.
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Petersen RC. Advancing Discontinuous Fiber-Reinforced Composites above Critical Length for Replacing Current Dental Composites and Amalgam. JOURNAL OF NATURE AND SCIENCE 2017; 3:e321. [PMID: 28691101 PMCID: PMC5501257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Clinicians have been aware that posterior dental particulate-filled composites (PFCs) have many placement disadvantages and indeed fail clinically at an average rate faster than amalgam alloys. Secondary caries is most commonly identified as the chief failure mechanism for both dental PFCs and amalgam. In terms of a solution, fiber-reinforced composites (FRCs) above critical length (Lc) can provide mechanical property safety factors with compound molding packing qualities to reduce many problems associated with dental PFCs. Discontinuous chopped fibers above the necessary Lc have been incorporated into dental PFCs to make consolidated molding compounds that can be tested for comparisons with PFC controls on mechanical properties, wear resistance, void-defect occurrence and packing ability to reestablish the interproximal contact. Further, imaging characterizations can aid in providing comparisons for FRCs with other materials using scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and photographs. Also, the amalgam filling material has finally been tested by appropriate ASTM flexural bending methods that eliminate shear failure associated with short span lengths in dental standards for comparison with dental PFCs to best explain increased longevity for the amalgam when compared to dental PFCs. Accurate mechanical tests also provide significant proof for superior advantages with FRCs. Mechanical properties tested included flexural strength, yield strength, modulus, resilience, work of fracture, critical strain energy release and critical stress intensity factor. FRC molding compounds with fibers above Lc extensively improve all mechanical properties over PFC dental paste and over the amalgam for all mechanical properties except modulus. The dental PFC also demonstrated superior mechanical properties over the amalgam except modulus to provide a better explanation for increased PFC failure due to secondary caries. With lower PFC modulus, increased adhesive bond breakage is expected from greater interlaminar shearing as the PFC accentuates straining deflections compared to amalgam at the higher modulus tooth enamel margins during loading. Preliminary testing for experimental FRCs with fibers above Lc demonstrated three-body wear even less than enamel to reduce the possibility of marginal ditching as a factor in secondary caries seen with both PFCs and amalgam. Further, FRC molding compounds with chopped fibers above Lc properly impregnated with photocure resin can pack with condensing forces higher than the amalgam to eliminate voids in the proximal box commonly seen with dental PFCs and reestablish interproximal contacts better than amalgam. Subsequent higher FRC packing forces can aid in squeezing monomer, resin, particulate and nanofibers deeper into adhesive mechanical bond retention sites and then leave a higher concentration of insoluble fibers and particulate as moisture barriers at the cavity margins. Also, FRC molding compounds can incorporate triclosan antimicrobial and maintain a strong packing condensing force that cannot be accomplished with PFCs which form a sticky gluey consistency with triclosan. In addition, large FRC packing forces allow higher concentrations of the hydrophobic ethoxylated bis phenol A dimethacrylate (BisEMA) low-viscosity oligomer resin that reduces water sorption and solubility to then still maintain excellent consistency. Therefore, photocure molding compounds with fibers above Lc appear to have many exceptional properties and design capabilities as improved alternatives for replacing both PFCs and amalgam alloys in restorative dental care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard C Petersen
- Department of Restorative Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Montagner AF, Opdam NJM, Ruben JL, Bronkhorst EM, Cenci MS, Huysmans MCDNJM. Behavior of failed bonded interfaces under in vitro cariogenic challenge. Dent Mater 2016; 32:668-75. [PMID: 26972760 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This in vitro study aimed to compare dentin wall caries development at different composite-dentin interfaces. METHODS Dentin samples (10.4 mm(2)) were restored with composite resin using two adhesive systems (etch-and-rinse and self-etch techniques). Different composite-dentin interfaces with gaps were produced: (a) failed bonded, which were fractured at interface after being submitted to aging protocols (no aging, mechanical loading or water storage); (b) non-bonded interfaces, both without any adhesive material or with adhesive material applied only on the dentin. Adhesively fractured and non-bonded samples were subjected to a lactic acid gel (pH=5) caries model with a continuous opening/closing movement of the interfacial gap for 10 days. Transverse wavelength-independent microradiographs were taken, and lesion depth and mineral loss were measured. Data were analyzed with linear mixed-effects regression models. RESULTS Caries development differed among the composite-dentin interfaces (p<0.001). The non-bonded interface with adhesive material on the dentin showed less lesion depth than the failed bonded groups, while the non-bonded interface without adhesive on dentin showed the deepest wall lesions. Difference between the adhesive systems was observed only in the non-bonded groups (p=0.003), with the self-etch adhesive applied on the dentin showing more severe lesions. Samples broken after mechanical loading aging showed deeper lesions than those broken after water storage (p<0.001). SIGNIFICANCE Composite-dentin interfaces failed after aging presented different demineralization from interfaces that were never bonded, indicating that the restorative treatment changes the tissue in a way relevant to secondary caries development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anelise F Montagner
- School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Gonçalves Chaves 457, 96015-560 Pelotas, RS, Brazil; College of Dental Sciences, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Radboud University Medical Center, Philips van Leydenlaan 25, 6525 EX Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Niek J M Opdam
- College of Dental Sciences, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Radboud University Medical Center, Philips van Leydenlaan 25, 6525 EX Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan L Ruben
- College of Dental Sciences, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Radboud University Medical Center, Philips van Leydenlaan 25, 6525 EX Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ewald M Bronkhorst
- College of Dental Sciences, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Radboud University Medical Center, Philips van Leydenlaan 25, 6525 EX Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Maximiliano S Cenci
- School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Gonçalves Chaves 457, 96015-560 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Marie-Charlotte D N J M Huysmans
- College of Dental Sciences, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Radboud University Medical Center, Philips van Leydenlaan 25, 6525 EX Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Petersen RC, Liu PR. Mechanical Properties Comparing Composite Fiber Length to Amalgam. JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES 2016; 2016:3823952. [PMID: 27642629 PMCID: PMC5023074 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3823952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Photocure fiber-reinforced composites (FRCs) with varying chopped quartz-fiber lengths were incorporated into a dental photocure zirconia-silicate particulate-filled composite (PFC) for mechanical test comparisons with a popular commercial spherical-particle amalgam. FRC lengths included 0.5-mm, 1.0 mm, 2.0 mm, and 3.0 mm all at a constant 28.2 volume percent. Four-point fully articulated fixtures were used according to American Standards Test Methods with sample dimensions of 2×2×50 mm3 across a 40 mm span to provide sufficient Euler flexural bending and prevent top-load compressive shear error. Mechanical properties for flexural strength, modulus, yield strength, resilience, work of fracture, critical strain energy release, critical stress intensity factor, and strain were obtained for comparison. Fiber length subsequently correlated with increasing all mechanical properties, p < 1.1×10-5. Although the modulus was significantly statistically higher for amalgam than all composites, all FRCs and even the PFC had higher values than amalgam for all other mechanical properties. Because amalgams provide increased longevity during clinical use compared to the standard PFCs, modulus would appear to be a mechanical property that might sufficiently reduce margin interlaminar shear stress and strain-related microcracking that could reduce failure rates. Also, since FRCs were tested with all mechanical properties that statistically significantly increased over the PFC, new avenues for future development could be provided toward surpassing amalgam in clinical longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard C. Petersen
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Biomaterials and Restorative Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, SDB 539, 1919 7th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Perng-Ru Liu
- Department of Restorative Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, SDB 539, 1919 7th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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Montagner AF, Kuper NK, Opdam NJM, Bronkhorst EM, Cenci MS, Huysmans MCDNJM. Wall-lesion development in gaps: The role of the adhesive bonding material. J Dent 2015; 43:1007-12. [PMID: 25917166 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2015.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 03/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study evaluated the caries wall lesion development in different composite-dentin interfaces to investigate if the presence and location of two bonding materials in the gaps influence wall caries lesion development. METHODS Fourteen volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing samples with four different interfaces: perfect bonding/no gap, or with a fixed gap (234±30 μm) with either no bonding material, bonding material (Clearfil Protect Bond-PB and Clearfil SE Bond-SE) on dentin or on composite. Eight times a day, the samples were dipped in 20% sucrose solution for 10 min, during 3 weeks. The samples were imaged with microradiography (T-WIM), and lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) were measured. The data were analysed with paired t-test. RESULTS The perfect bonding group did not show any caries wall lesion development, whereas all other interfaces did. The interface with bonding on dentin did not show significantly different wall lesion development from the interface with no material. However, when bonding was present on composite, both LD and ML were significantly higher than both other gap conditions (p-values<0.05). A difference between the bonding material was only seen when applied on composite: PB showed less ML than SE (p=0.01). CONCLUSIONS The presence of bonding on the composite side of a composite-dentin gap increased wall lesion development in situ. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The presence and location of an adhesive bonding material in the composite-dentin gaps plays a role on the wall caries lesion development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anelise F Montagner
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Pelotas, Brazil; Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Dentistry, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Nicolien K Kuper
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Dentistry, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Niek J M Opdam
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Dentistry, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Ewald M Bronkhorst
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Dentistry, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Maximiliano S Cenci
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Pelotas, Brazil.
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Alvarenga FADS, Pinelli C, Loffredo LDCM. Reliability of marginal microleakage assessment by visual and digital methods. Eur J Dent 2015; 9:1-5. [PMID: 25713476 PMCID: PMC4319283 DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.149628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability of visual and digital methods to assess marginal microleakage in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS Typical Class V preparations were made in bovine teeth and filled with composite resin. After dye penetration (0.5% basic fuchsin), teeth were sectioned and the 53 obtained fragments were assessed according to visual (stereomicroscope) and digital methods (Image Tool Software(®)-ITS) (University of Texas Health Science Center-San Antonio Dental School, USA). Two calibrated examiners (A and B) evaluated dye penetration, by means of a stereomicroscope with ×20 magnification (scores), and by the ITS (millimeters). The intra- and inter-examiner agreement was estimated according to Kappa statistics (κ), and intraclass correlation coefficient (ρ). RESULTS In relation to the visual method, the intra-examiner agreement was almost perfect (κA = 0.87) and substantial (κB = 0.76), respectively to the examiner A and B. The inter-examiner agreement showed an almost perfect reliability (κ = 0.84). For the digital method, the intra-examiner agreement was almost perfect for both examiners and equal to ρ = 0.99, and so was the inter-examiner agreement value. CONCLUSION Visual (stereomicroscope) and digital methods (ITS) showed high levels of intra- and inter-examiner reproducibility when marginal microleakage was assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Augusto de Santi Alvarenga
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Pinelli
- Department of Community Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
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Misra A, Parthasarathy R, Ye Q, Singh V, Spencer P. Swelling equilibrium of dentin adhesive polymers formed on the water-adhesive phase boundary: experiments and micromechanical model. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:330-42. [PMID: 24076070 PMCID: PMC3843361 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Revised: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
During their application to the wet, oral environment, dentin adhesives can experience phase separation and composition change, which can compromise the quality of the hybrid layer formed at the dentin-adhesive interface. The chemical composition of polymer phases formed in the hybrid layer can be represented using a ternary water-adhesive phase diagram. In this paper, these polymer phases are characterized using a suite of mechanical tests and swelling experiments. The experimental results were evaluated using a granular micromechanics-based model incorporating poro-mechanical effects and polymer-solvent thermodynamics. The variation in the model parameters and model-predicted polymer properties was studied as a function of composition along the phase boundary. The resulting structure-property correlations provide insight into interactions occurring at the molecular level in the saturated polymer system. These correlations can be used for modeling the mechanical behavior of the hybrid layer, and are expected to aid in the design and improvement of water-compatible dentin adhesive polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Misra
- Bioengineering Research Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA; Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering Department, Learned Hall, 1530 W. 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045-7609, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.
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Elbishari H, Silikas N, Satterthwaite J. Filler size of resin-composites, percentage of voids and fracture toughness: is there a correlation? Dent Mater J 2013; 31:523-7. [PMID: 22864203 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2011-256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between filler size, fracture toughness and voids. Seven model resin composites and one commercial have been used in the study. A single edge notch mould was used to prepare samples (n=8). A selected area of 1mm below and above the notch was scanned with micro CT and then the percentage of voids calculated. A universal testing machine was used to measure fracture toughness. Percentage of voids and fracture toughness data were analysed using ANOVA and post hoc methods were performed to check any significant differences between materials tested (p<0.05). CONCLUSION Filler size is strongly correlated to % voids but has no effect on fracture toughness.
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Kemoli AM, Amerongen WEV. Effects of oral hygiene, residual caries and cervical Marginal-gaps on the survival of proximal atraumatic restorative treatment approach restorations. Contemp Clin Dent 2012; 2:318-23. [PMID: 22346160 PMCID: PMC3276860 DOI: 10.4103/0976-237x.91796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Although Atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) approach has been in existence for a while, the reasons for the poor performance of multisurface ART restorations are not very clear. Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of oral hygiene, residual caries and cervical marginal-gaps on survival of proximal ART restorations. Settings: Two rural divisions in Kenya were selected for the study. Design: A randomized clinical trial. Material and Methods: The 804 children in the study had their baseline- and 2-year dental plaque levels documented. Each child received one proximal restoration in a primary molar using ART approach, together with trained and pre-tested operators/assistants, three glass ionomer cements (GIC)-brands and two tooth-isolation methods. The restorations were clinically evaluated soon after placement and after 2 years. Post-restorative bite-wing radiographs taken soon after restoration were also evaluated. Statistical analysis: Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 14 computer programme was used and results tested using Pearson's correlation, Cox Proportional Hazards regression analysis and Multiple Logistic regression models tests. Results: At baseline and after 2 years, the mean cumulative survival and plaque index changed from 94.4% to 30.8% and 2.34 (Standard Deviation, or SD of 0.46) to 1.92 (SD 2.1) respectively, with higher plaque indices associated with higher restoration failures. Of the 507 radiographs evaluated, 48 (9.5%), 63 (12.4%) and 9 (1.8%) restorations had residual caries (RC), cervical marginal-gaps (CMG) and both RC/CMG respectively. Survival of the restorations with RC/CMG was significantly lower (p = 0.003) compared to those with RC or without RC. Conclusion: Low survival of proximal restorations in the study was associated with the presence of cervical marginal-gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur M Kemoli
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry/Orthodontics, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
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Van Ende A, Mine A, De Munck J, Poitevin A, Van Meerbeek B. Bonding of low-shrinking composites in high C-factor cavities. J Dent 2012; 40:295-303. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2012.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2011] [Revised: 01/04/2012] [Accepted: 01/05/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
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Rocca GT, Gregor L, Sandoval MJ, Krejci I, Dietschi D. In vitro evaluation of marginal and internal adaptation after occlusal stressing of indirect class II composite restorations with different resinous bases and interface treatments. “Post-fatigue adaptation of indirect composite restorations”. Clin Oral Investig 2011; 16:1385-93. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-011-0632-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2011] [Accepted: 10/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Nassar H, González-Cabezas C. Effect of Gap Geometry on Secondary Caries Wall Lesion Development. Caries Res 2011; 45:346-52. [DOI: 10.1159/000329384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2010] [Accepted: 04/27/2011] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
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Pamir T, Kaya AD, Baksi BG, Sen BH, Boyacioglu H. The influence of bonding agents on the decision to replace composite restorations. Oper Dent 2010; 35:572-8. [PMID: 20945749 DOI: 10.2341/10-097-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This in vitro study evaluated the validity of the decision to replace of a restoration based upon the radiolucent zone beneath a resin composite. MATERIALS AND METHODS Class II cavities were prepared on the approximal surfaces of 40 molars. The teeth were divided into four groups. Clearfil SE Bond, PQ1 or Single Bond was applied in the experimental groups. No bonding agent was used in the control group. Following the restorations, digital radiographs were obtained and independently evaluated by two oral radiologists and two specialists in restorative dentistry to determine the need for replacement. The coronal portions of the teeth were then sectioned and the interfaces between the restorations and cavity walls were examined using an optical light microscope. Possible adhesive pooling and voids were examined under a light microscope. Inter-examiner reliability was evaluated with the Cohen's kappa (kappa) test. Sensitivity, specificity and negative and positive predictive values were calculated. Kruskal-Wallis, followed by the Mann-Whitney U-test, determined differences among the pooling thicknesses of the different adhesives. RESULTS Various sensitivity and specificity degrees were obtained from the groups in which different adhesive systems were used. The PQ1 adhesive system was the best for identifying well-adapted restorations with the highest true non-replacement diagnosis (TND = 0.70). Clearfil SE Bond had the highest false positive scores. Adhesive pooling was significantly different in the experimental groups of the current study (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Replacement decisions for a resin composite restoration based upon digital images frequently resulted in false-positive or negative decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tijen Pamir
- Department of Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics, Ege University, School of Dentistry, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.
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The effect of immediate dentin sealing on the marginal adaptation and bond strengths of total-etch and self-etch adhesives. J Prosthet Dent 2009; 102:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3913(09)00073-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Schneider H, Busch I, Busch M, Jentsch H, Häfer M. Effect of Operator-specific Handling on Tooth-composite Interface and Microleakage Formation. Oper Dent 2009; 34:200-10. [DOI: 10.2341/08-66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Clinical Relevance
After calibration of the restoration procedure, three operators experienced differences in tooth-composite interface morphology and microleakage formation. These differences reflect technique-sensitivity of the etch-and-rinse adhesive. The lowest microleakage on dentin was related to an enhanced interface integrity. After additional application of an adhesive component, sealing of the enamel and dentin was partially enhanced, but microleakage formation did not decrease. These results are helpful in the comparative evaluation of other bonding systems.
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Pashley DH. COMMENTARY. direct dentin bonding technique sensitivity when using air/suction drying steps. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1708-8240.2008.00165.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Cavalcanti AN, Mitsui FHO, Silva F, Peris AR, Bedran-Russo A, Marchi GM. Effect of Cyclic Loading on the Bond Strength of Class II Restorations with Different Composite Materials. Oper Dent 2008; 33:163-8. [PMID: 18435190 DOI: 10.2341/07-65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Clinical Relevance
New resin composite technologies, such as nano-filled-based systems, have been developed. The assessment of such materials in a simulated laboratory chewing condition may assist with the selection of composites in a clinical situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Nóbrega Cavalcanti
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
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